MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Natural Medicines' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 14:04:19 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5667361&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3266705442411865%2F Abstract  A quantitative analytical method was developed for the determination of acylated oleanane-type triterpene saponins, chakasaponins I–III (1–3) and floratheasaponins A–F (4–9), found in Camellia sinensis (Theaceae). The practical conditions for separation and detection of these saponins were established on an ODS column with methanol containing 5 mM trifluoroacetic acid as a mobile phase, and the detection and quantitation limits of the method were estimated to be 1.1–3.8 and 3.5–12.5 ng, respectively. The relative standard deviation values of intra- and interday precision were lower than 2.35 and 6.12%, respectively, overall mean recoveries of all saponins being 94.7–108.8%, and the correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves showe... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5667361 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:51:10 +0100 5667361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620263&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fek6113366748786w%2F Abstract  Honokiol, a constituent of Magnolia obovata, has various pharmacological effects, including protection against cerebral ischemia. However, few studies have been conducted to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of honokiol against cerebral ischemia. We recently reported that cerebral ischemic neuronal damage could be triggered by glucose intolerance that develops after the onset of ischemic stress (i.e., post-ischemic glucose intolerance). In addition, suppression of post-ischemic glucose intolerance significantly ameliorated ischemic neuronal damage. Here, we investigated the effects of honokiol on the development of post-ischemic glucose intolerance and neuronal damage. Mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h. The deve... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620263 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:04:38 +0100 5620263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620262&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnjw35377v02m6276%2F This study was designed to investigate the nootropic activity of Capparis zeylanica Linn. leaves in rats. The raw material of Capparis zeylanica leaves was successively extracted with petroleum ether and methanol using a Soxhlet apparatus and macerated to form an aqueous extract. The methanolic and aqueous extracts were evaluated for their effect on spatial learning and memory in rats using the Morris water maze task. Three doses (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg; p.o.) of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Capparis zeylanica were administered for 7 successive days to separate groups of animals. Results showed that both the extracts significantly enhanced memory, as shown by decrease in escape latency time. Furthermore, methanolic and aqueous extracts in all doses tested significantly increa... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620262 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:04:38 +0100 5620262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620264&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw85843264155p6u2%2F Abstract  Enzymatic fingerprinting of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale was studied and applied to authenticate Dendrobium species. Results showed that Dendrobium officinale species from Anhui province, Fujian province, Yunnan province, Guangdong province and Guangxi province of China, could be identified by polysaccharide analysis using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis (PACE). However, the fingerprints of Dendrobium officinale from Jiangxi province, Hu’nan province and Wenzhou, Yandangshan and Fuyang in Zhejiang province were very similar. As far as the fingerprints of different Dendrobium species were concerned, the differences between Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium huoshanense, Dendrobium moniliforme, Dendrobium devonianum, Dendrobium aphyllum, Dendrobium wilso... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620264 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:04:36 +0100 5620264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5620265&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd483162666564g48%2F Abstract  The methanol extract from the bark of Shorea roxburghii (Dipterocarpaceae, “Phayom” in Thai) was found to suppress plasma triglyceride elevation in olive oil-treated mice, and also to inhibit pancreatic lipase activity (IC50 = 31.6 μg/ml). From the extract, two new 3-acetyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins, phayomphenols A1 (1) and A2 (2) were isolated, together with 22 known compounds. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, including X-ray crystallographic analysis. Among the isolates, several oligostilbenoids, including (−)-hopeaphenol (3) and (+)-isohopeaphenol (4), showed inhibitory effects on plasma triglyceride elevation at a dose of 200 mg/kg p.o. and pancreatic lipase inhibitory... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5620265 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:04:34 +0100 5620265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5597944&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm82q164536069jn3%2F In conclusion, EAFM provides good blood pressure control by enhancing potassium and decreasing sodium levels, decreasing levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine, and preventing down-regulation of eNOS and significantly down-regulating ET-1 protein expression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0621-zAuthors Chinnadurai Veeramani, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433 Saudi ArabiaKhalid S. Al-Numair, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433 Saudi ArabiaGovindasamy Chandramohan, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, K... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5597944 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 17:19:27 +0100 5597944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5597945&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv606622k386x4v8j%2F Abstract  Two new triterpenoid saponins, caraganins A and B (1 and 2), structurally characterized by a 22-oxo group, were isolated from the seeds of Caragana microphylla Lam., together with their n-butyl esters as artifacts (1a and 2a). Their structures and configurations were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses on the basis of NMR, IR, and MS data. Compounds 1a and 2a exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 3.125 to 6.25 μg/ml. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0624-9Authors Cheng-Jian Zheng, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433 ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5597945 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 17:19:26 +0100 5597945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5560355&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw732200445624605%2F Abstract  A new spiro heterocycle, decarboxyportentol acetate (1) was isolated from the barks of Laumoniera bruceadelpha Nooteboom (Simaroubaceae), together with 3,4-dehydrotheaspirone (2), and their structures were elucidated by 2D NMR analysis. 3,4-Dehydrotheaspirone (2) showed potent antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0618-7Authors Hiroshi Morita, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanReika Mori, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanJun Deguchi, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanSh... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5560355 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 16:53:24 +0100 5560355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5505065&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp1w65p1417m06614%2F Abstract  Three new limonoids, ceramicines J (1), K (2), and L (3), were isolated from the hexane layer of Chisocheton ceramicus bark extract. Their structures were elucidated from 1D and 2D NMR data. Ceramicines J–L (1–3) exhibited dose-dependent moderate cytotoxicity against the HL-60 cell line. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0616-9Authors Chin Piow Wong, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanMisae Shimada, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanAlfarius Eko Nugroho, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41 Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanYusuke Hirasawa, Faculty of Pharma... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5505065 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 17:16:43 +0100 5505065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487017&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp57367720t3m6n61%2F Abstract  Chemical investigation of a methanolic extract of the seed kernels of Entada rheedei (Fabaceae), a Thai medicinal plant taken for stomachache, led to the isolation of five new compounds, 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-9-ol O-(6″-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside, 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-7-en-9-ol O-(6″-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside, and N-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-7-phenylacetamide 2′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and entadamide A 2′-O-(4″-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside and 2′-O-(6″-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranosides, together with one known compound, corchoionoside C. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-6DOI 10.... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487017 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:58:53 +0100 5487017 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487018&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F726354654l80r273%2F Abstract   Lippia gracilis Schauer is an aromatic plant widely found in Northeastern Brazil. The leaf infusions or decoctions and alcoholic macerate are used for some inflammatory diseases and headache. This paper reports the isolation of naringenin by semi-preparative liquid chromatography from the methanolic extract of L. gracilis (ELg) and the evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of this extract by measuring nociception through acetic acid, formalin, and hot-plate tests in carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice. Following oral administration, ELg (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of writhes in the writhing test and the time of paw licks in both phases of the formalin test when compared to the control group animals. ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487018 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 16:58:52 +0100 5487018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5476729&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj3x3760t56630721%2F This study suggests that Juniperus excelsa possibly exhibits a combination of Ca2+ antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitory effects, which provides a pharmacological basis for its traditional use in disorders of gut and airways hyperactivity, such as diarrhoea, colic and asthma. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0605-zAuthors Munasib Khan, Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800 PakistanArif-ullah Khan, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000 KPK, PakistanNajeeb-ur-Rehman, Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical Co... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5476729 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 06:48:26 +0100 5476729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469100&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd3u3432225168201%2F Abstract  A chemical investigation of the chloroform extract of the roots of Uvaria ludida Benth. (Annonaceae), an important African traditional medicine, led to the isolation of six new compounds; three pyrenes, 2-hydroxy-1,8-dimethoxypyrene (1), 8-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxypyrene (2), and 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,2-methylenedioxypyrene (3), two pyrenediones, 2-hydroxy-1,8-pyrenedione (4) and 2-methoxy-1,8-pyrenedione (5), and a sesquiterpene, (−)-10-oxo-isodauc-3-en-15-oic acid (6), together with eight known compounds (7–14). The structural elucidation by spectroscopic studies of the compounds isolated is described. While pyrenes did not exhibit strong cytotoxicity against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells, pyrenediones showed strong cytotoxicity. The IC50 of 4 was 70... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469100 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 04:41:09 +0100 5469100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469101&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk0l4t0h0h06m7466%2F Abstract  Poria, a dried sclerotium of Wolfiporia cocos Ryvarden et Gilbertson (Polyporaceae) has been used as a crude drug in both Chinese and Japanese (Kampo) traditional medicines. Recently, cultivated products of Chinese Poria strains have accounted for most of the market, while the cultivation of Japanese Poria strains has not been successful. Aiming to determine the relationship between the differences in cultivation characteristics and genetic polymorphism, we conducted a field cultivation experiment, a rot test, and rapid amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Poria strains collected from China and Japan: 3 Chinese and 7 Japanese strains. In field cultivation, although there was no marked inferiority of Japanese strains to Chinese ones in either myceliu... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469101 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 04:41:08 +0100 5469101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5457944&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft5tk73t534394wp0%2F Abstract  Three new secolignan glycosides {3,4-trans-4-[bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2-oxotetrahydrafuran-3-yl}methyl-O-β-glucopyranoside (1), {3,4-trans-4-[(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2-oxotetrahydrafuran-3-yl}methyl-O-β-glucopyranoside (2) and {3,4-cis-4-[(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-2-oxotetrahydrafuran-3-yl}methyl-O-β-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from the roots of Urtica fissa E. Pritz. Their structures were identified by spectral methods including 1D NMR, 2D NMR and HR-EI-MS. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0615-xAuthors Bao-min Feng, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622 ChinaHai-hong Qin, Medical College, Dalian University,... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5457944 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 16:59:34 +0100 5457944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449866&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0340qht176211n18%2F Abstract  The effect of a herbomineral formulation (HMF) on early diabetic nephropathy was investigated. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by administering streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The occurrence of early diabetic nephropathy in rats was revealed by high plasma glucose and depleted liver glycogen, decreased glucose uptake by peripheral tissue, impaired renal function, increased antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in kidney. These changes were accompanied by elevated malondialdehyde, glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity in kidney. Furthermore, increased total urine volume, urinary albumin excretion rate, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, increased relative kidney weight, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary creatinine... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449866 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:02 +0100 5449866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5449867&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp5tv86g36379x202%2F Abstract  During our search to discover new antitrypanosomal compounds, eight known plant compounds (three phenolic compounds and five kawa lactones) were evaluated for in vitro activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Among them, we found two phenolic compounds and three kawa lactones possessing an α-pyrone influenced antitrypanosomal property. In particular, β-phenethyl caffeate, farnesyl caffeate and dihydrokawain exhibited high or moderate selective and potent antitrypanosomal activity in vitro. We detail here the antitrypanosomal activity and cytotoxicities of the compounds, in comparison with two commonly used antitrypanosomal drugs (eflornithine and suramin). Our findings represent the first report of the promising trypanocidal activity of these compounds. C... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5449867 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:00 +0100 5449867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441194&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbm20218227n55716%2F In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of a hot water extract of T. bellirica fruit (TB) on obesity and various metabolic disorders, and explored its molecular mechanisms and active ingredients. TB treatment had a preventive effect on obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia in spontaneously obese type 2 diabetic TSOD mice. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of TB in preventing obesity, we investigated the inhibitory effect on lipid absorption. TB suppressed absorption of triacylglycerol in an olive oil loading test (in vivo) and showed a strong inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity (in vitro). Furthermore, a search for the active ingredients in TB revealed that gallic acid is the component primarily responsible for the inhibition of pancreatic lipase ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441194 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 18:08:32 +0100 5441194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441196&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw8l8517183512324%2F Abstract  Since prostate growth is governed by the androgen signaling pathway, blockade of the pathway is regarded as an appropriate strategy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Panax ginseng is known to have various pharmacological activities. Of several products of its root, red ginseng, having many bioactive ginsenosides, is most popularly used in Korea, and recently has been reported to control the proliferation of cancer cells. We here tested the effect of a water extract of Korean red ginseng (WKRG) on testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia. WKRG (daily intraperitoneal injection) prevented prostate overgrowth and epithelial thickening induced by testosterone in rats, and suppressed a rat prostate kallikrein-S3. In human prostate cells, WKRG inh... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441196 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:52:18 +0100 5441196 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441195&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F621h52651780k40k%2F Abstract  Two new flav-3-en-3-ol glycosides, kaempferiaosides C (3) and D (4), and two new acetophenone glycosides, kaempferiaosides E (5) and F (6), were isolated from the Thai natural medicine Krachai Dum, the rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker. Their structures were established mainly on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0611-1Authors Saowanee Chaipech, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, JapanToshio Morikawa, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, JapanKiyofumi Ninomiya, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Instit... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441195 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:52:18 +0100 5441195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441198&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkg502516r4211475%2F This study provides the essential pharmacokinetic data for diarylheptanoid phytoestrogenic compounds of C. comosa extract which are required for clinical dose and dosage design. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0607-xAuthors Jian Su, Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 ThailandKittisak Sripanidkulchai, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 ThailandApichart Suksamrarn, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240 ThailandYing Hu, Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, K... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441198 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 06:51:20 +0100 5441198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5441197&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu252138673760u35%2F Abstract   Oplopanax horridus (OH), or Devil’s club, is an ethnobotanical used by the indigenous people native to the Pacific Northwest of North America. There are three species in the genus Oplopanax, and OH is the only species that is distributed in North America. Compared with the extensive research on OH’s “cousin,” American ginseng, there is comparatively little reported about the chemical makeup and pharmacological effects of OH. Nevertheless, there has been some research over the past few years that shows promise for the future usage perspectives of OH. To date, 17 compounds were isolated and elucidated, including polyynes, glycosides, lignans, and polyenes, with most of the attention being paid to the polyynes. Gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance li... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5441197 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 06:51:20 +0100 5441197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5422300&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F48u82662x69063xv%2F Abstract   Alkanna species are used in Iranian traditional medicine for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Alkanna frigida and Alkanna orientalis ethanolic extracts via the carrageenan-induced paw edema test and formalin test in rat and mouse, respectively. Ethanolic extracts of plant root were prepared and were injected intraperitoneally 60 min before carrageenan-induced inflammation or formalin-induced nociception at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. Anti-inflammatory effects of plants were monitored for 3 h after carrageenan injection and anti-nociceptive effects were evaluated during the first hour after formalin injection. Diclofenac, a well-kno... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5422300 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:48:06 +0100 5422300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5422302&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk6g1n12657n14034%2F Abstract  A rapid, sensitive, and accurate reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection method was developed for both quantitative determination of four compounds (caffeic acid-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-O-rutinoside, neoeriocitrin and naringin) and fingerprint analysis of the rhizomes of Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm. The chromatographic separation was accomplished on an MZ-C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) using gradient elution with acetonitrile and 0.02% aqueous acetic acid, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1, an operating temperature of 25°C, and a wavelength of 260 nm. The four compounds showed good regression relationship (R 2 > 0.9990) within linear ranges, ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5422302 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:48:05 +0100 5422302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5422301&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu5154263r01r2jx4%2F Abstract  We previously demonstrated that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, is a major pathway involved in up-regulating melanogenesis within human melanocytes in several hyperpigmentary disorders such as UVB melanosis and lentigo senilis. Recently, a redox imbalance was shown to be closely linked to a variety of altered cellular responses in which the precise balance between levels of oxidizing and reducing equivalents that reflect the intracellular redox condition profoundly affects intracellular signaling pathways, especially the MAPK pathway. To elucidate the effects of redox balance regulation on epidermal pigmentation, we u... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5422301 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:48:05 +0100 5422301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5360533&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw24r2m4045583234%2F Abstract  Five bisbenzyl isoquinolines (1–5), three benzyl isoquinolines (6–8), four isoquinoline alkaloids (9–12), and two unclassified compounds (13 and 14) from Popowia perakensis and Phaeanthus crassipetalus were evaluated for their vasorelaxant effect on rat aortic arteries. In aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (PE, 0.3 μM), some of the bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, and isoquinoline alkaloids showed clearly vasorelaxant effects at 30 μM. The action of (−)-limacine (4) was deduced to be mediated through the increased release of NO from endothelial cells, and that of pecrassipine A (7) and backebergine (12) partly mediated by NO release. Further, the action of pecrassipine A (7) and backebergine (12) may be ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5360533 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 06:04:40 +0100 5360533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5336062&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0h1254162ng40723%2F Abstract  Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics has been utilized in predictions of natural medicine content without destroying samples. Suppositories (oren powdered extract content 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 10, 12.5, and 15%) were produced by mixing oren powdered extract with macrogol mixture consisting of 1 part macrogol 1500 and 2.5 parts macrogol 4000 at 54°C, and pouring the melt mixture into a plastic container. NIR spectra of the 10 prepared samples were recorded 10 times, and a total of 100 spectra were randomly divided into two data sets, one for calibration and the other for validation. The calibration model for the oren content of the suppository was calculated based on NIR spectra using a partial least-squares regression analysis after pre-treatme... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5336062 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 16:03:42 +0100 5336062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5324156&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F363vn1x154223816%2F Abstract  The species Centaurea bruguierana (DC.) Hand.-Mazz. ssp. belangerana (DC.) Bornm. (CBB) (Asteraceae), known as “Baad-Avard” in Borazjan, Bushehr Province, southern Iran, is used in folk medicine as a hypoglycemic herb in diabetes and as a remedy for peptic ulcer disorders. Total 80% EtOH extract and petroleum ether, CHCl3, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and remaining fractions obtained by solvent–solvent fractionation of dried aerial flowering parts of the plant were investigated for anti-ulcer activity against indomethacin-induced ulcerogenesis in rats. Anti-ulcer activity was evaluated by measuring the ulcer index (UI) and ulcer inhibition. The UI was significantly reduced in all treated animals. A dramatic decrease in the UI was observed following the administration of to... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5324156 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:47:24 +0100 5324156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5324155&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk49841128k5k1427%2F Abstract  The chemically modified analogs, the demethylated analogs 4–6, the tetrahydro analogs 7–9 and the hexahydro analogs 10–12, of curcumin (1), demethoxycurcumin (2) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (3) were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide activated nitric oxide (NO) production in HAPI microglial cells. Di-O-demethylcurcumin (5) and O-demethyldemethoxycurcumin (6) are the two most potent compounds that inhibited NO production. The analogs 5 and 6 were twofold and almost twofold more active than the parent curcuminoids 1 and 2, respectively. Moreover, the mRNA expression level of inducible NO synthase was inhibited by these two compounds. The strong neuroprotective activity of analogs 5 and 6 provide potential alternative compounds to be develop... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5324155 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:47:24 +0100 5324155 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5314691&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4843n124220872g1%2F Abstract  Two new acetylated flavonol glycosides, quercetin 3-O-[(2,4-diacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→6)]-2,4-diacetyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (1) and quercetin 3-O-[(2,4-diacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→6)]-3,4-diacetyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (2), in addition to two known acetylated quercetin glycosides quercetin 3-O-[(2,3,4-triacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→6)-β-d-galactopyranoside (3) and quercetin 3-O-[(2,3,4-triacetyl-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→6)-3-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (4), were isolated from the aerial part of Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fritsch (Gentianaceae). Structure elucidation, especially the localization of the acetyl groups, and complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of these biologically active compounds were carried out using one- and two-dimensional... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5314691 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 05:42:22 +0100 5314691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5314693&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7176131008j676p5%2F In conclusion, TIE improved obesity-related parameters in blood, liver, and adipose tissue in a rat model and suppressed obesity induced by a high-fat diet, possibly by regulating lipid metabolism and lowering plasma leptin and FAS levels. A dose-dependant effect of TIE is detected, where TIE at 50 mg/kg showed the most prominent effect, followed by TIE at 25 mg/kg and, subsequently, 5 mg/kg. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0597-8Authors Khairunnuur Fairuz Azman, Phytomedicine Research Group, Department of Human Anatomy, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaZulkhairi Amom, Phytomedicine Research Group, Department of Human ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5314693 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 15:53:25 +0100 5314693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5314695&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe61v6m58443r71x9%2F Abstract  Clove (Syzygium aromaticum flower buds) EtOH extract significantly suppressed an increase in blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. In-vitro evaluation showed the extract had human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ ligand-binding activity in a GAL4-PPAR-γ chimera assay. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract resulted in the isolation of eight compounds, of which dehydrodieugenol (2) and dehydrodieugenol B (3) had potent PPAR-γ ligand-binding activities, whereas oleanolic acid (4), a major constituent in the EtOH extract, had moderate activity. Furthermore, 2 and 3 were shown to stimulate 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation through PPAR-γ activation. These results indicate that clove has potential as a functional food ingre... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5314695 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 05:47:29 +0100 5314695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5314696&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk083655161857450%2F Abstract  From a MeOH extract of kernel nuts of Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merrill, one new and one known sulphur-containing glucoside were isolated. From the 1-BuOH-soluble fraction of a H2O extract, four new triterpene saponins containing N-acetylglucosamine in their sugar chains were isolated. The antiproliferative activities of the triterpene saponins were assayed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0591-1Authors Yoshihiro Iwamoto, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanSachiko Sugimoto, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 Ja... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5314696 Sat, 08 Oct 2011 05:47:46 +0100 5314696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5304592&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu03737u416572q23%2F Abstract  Oxidative stress has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXT), a widely used traditional Chinese medication, has been shown to possess antioxidant effects. Here, we investigated whether SHXT and its main component baicalin can attenuate oxidative stress induced by H/R injury. H9c2 rat ventricular cells were exposed to SHXT or baicalin followed by hypoxia for 24 h and/or reoxygenation for 8 h. Pretreatment with SHXT and baicalin both significantly prevented cell death and production of reactive oxygen species induced by hypoxia or H/R in H9c2 cardiomyoctes. In addition, SHXT and baicalin also inhibited hypoxia- or H/R-induced apoptosis, with associated decreased Bax protein, increased ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5304592 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 05:49:01 +0100 5304592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297163&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F738343862m140556%2F In conclusion, the EAFM controls blood pressure in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats and reverts the metabolic alterations in magnesium, copper and zinc. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0590-2Authors Chinnadurai Veeramani, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433 Saudi ArabiaKhalid S. Al-Numair, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433 Saudi ArabiaGovindasamy Chandramohan, Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433 Saudi ArabiaMohammed A. Alsaif, Department of Community Healt... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297163 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 06:46:38 +0100 5297163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5274078&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd54k505227426k71%2F Abstract  Many natural products from plants have been identified to exert anticancer activity. It might be expected to be a challenge to look at the Saudi plants in order to discover new sources for new molecules which may have anticancer activity. The methanolic extracts of forty species of plants traditionally used in Saudi Arabia for the treatment of a variety of diseases were tested in vitro for their potential anticancer activity on different human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts of the tested plants were determined using three human cancer cell lines, namely, breast cancer (MCF7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2), and cervix cancer (HELA) cells. In addition, human normal melanocyte (HFB4) was used as normal nonmalignant cells. Sulf... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5274078 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 05:48:14 +0100 5274078 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260973&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr16mq81m3w8n6380%2F Abstract  Growth and in vitro asiaticoside accumulation in multiple shoot cultures of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban was studied as a function of nutrient manipulations in the culture media. Shoot cultures raised in liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l kinetin attained a growth index (GI) of 6.06 along with the highest asiaticoside content of 3.8 mg/g dry weight on the 35th day of the culture cycle. The shoot growth and asiaticoside accumulation were found to be influenced by the relative proportions of NH4 +-N:NO3 −-N or Cu2+ concentration in the medium. Asiaticoside content in shoots increased from 5.3 to 8.9 and 8.7 mg/g dry weight when total nitrogen concentration of 60 mM in the control medium was reduced to 50 and 40 mM... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260973 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 05:56:10 +0100 5260973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225963&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2255436w677p1593%2F Abstract  Calluses were induced from leaves of Schisandra chinensis Baillon (Schisandraceae). Murashige–Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant (WP) media were used for the induction, in full and half strength (1/2 MS or 1/2 WP) salt formulations. Test media were solidified with 0.25% gelrite and supplemented with 2% sucrose and various concentrations and combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin (Kin), 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Optimal conditions for callus induction and growth were found to be 1/2 MS medium containing 0.02 mg/l Kin and 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D. Chloroform extracts of all induced calluses contained gomisin A and F as major components. Gomisin A and F contents of calluses that were cultured under the optimal condit... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225963 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 16:43:43 +0100 5225963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225964&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1n4534gwl08184t%2F Abstract  During the course of our screening program to discover new antitrypanosomal compounds, 17 known plant aromatic compounds [12 bis(bibenzyls)s and 5 bibenzyls] were evaluated for in vitro activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Sixteen compounds were found to exhibit antitrypanosomal activity. In particular, three compounds, marchantin A (1), plagiochin A (5) and 2(R)-2-isopropenyl-6,7-dihydroxy-4-(2-phenylethyl)dihydrobenzofuran (16) demonstrated moderate selective and potent antitrypanosomal activities in vitro. We detail here the antitrypanosomal properties and cytotoxicities of the compounds in comparison with two commonly used therapeutic drugs, eflornithine and suramin. Our finding represents the first report of the promising trypanocidal activity of these co... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225964 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:51:11 +0100 5225964 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5225965&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F64130452772t7856%2F Abstract  Two flavonoids 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxy-6-prenylflavonol (1) and 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxy-8-methyl-6-prenylflavonol (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of sheaths of Vellozia kolbekii Alves (Velloziaceae). This is the first time that compound 2 has been described. The crude extract and flavonoids were found to be active as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavengers and were able to the increase tolerance of the eukaryotic microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to oxidative stress generated by H2O2. The protective effect was correlated with a reduction in the oxidation of proteins and lipids. In addition, flavonoids isolated from Velloziaceae showed an inhibitory effect on mutations in p53, which is mutated and nonfunctional in more th... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5225965 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 15:43:21 +0100 5225965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5209088&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm92311182t621132%2F In this study, we fractionated the LEM extract to explore novel active compounds related to hepatoprotection by using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The LEM extract and the fractions markedly inhibited the release of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from hepatocytes damaged by CCl4 into the culture medium. The strongest hepatocyte-protective activity was seen in a fraction (Fr. 2) in which a 50% ethanol extract was further eluted with 50% methanol and separated using reverse-phase HPLC. Fr. 2 had an average molecular weight of 2753, and the main components are lignin (49%) and saccharides (36%, of which xylose comprises 41%). Therefore, Fr. 2 was presumed to be a low-molecular-weight compound consisting mainly of lignin and xylan-like polysa... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5209088 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 05:48:25 +0100 5209088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5209089&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F860247401p770863%2F Abstract  A new coumestan (solalyratin A, 1) and a novel cyclic eight-membered α,β-unsaturated ketone (solalyratin B, 3), together with three known compounds, puerariafuran (2), coumestrol (4) and 9-hydroxy-2′,2′-dimethylpyrano[5′,6′:2,3]-coumestan (5), were isolated from the whole plant of Solanum lyratum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. In vitro, compounds 1–5 showed anti-inflammatory activities, with IC50 values in the range 6.3–9.1 μM. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0581-3Authors De-Wu Zhang, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Yantai University, 264005 Yantai, People’s Republic of ChinaYan Yang, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5209089 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 15:48:25 +0100 5209089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5209090&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4027x862876r2063%2F Abstract  Three new megastigmanes (1–3), named annoionols A and B (1, 2) and annoionoside (3), were isolated from the leaves of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) together with 14 known compounds (4–17). Among the known compounds, annoionol C (4) was isolated from a natural source for the first time. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analyses. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0583-1Authors Ayano Matsushige, Department of Xenobiotic Metabolism and Molecular Toxicology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanKatsuyoshi Matsunami, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima U... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5209090 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 10:45:50 +0100 5209090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5184206&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc36353n126267677%2F Abstract  We carried out primary screening of 13 carbazole alkaloids isolated from the plant species Murraya euchrestifolia (Rutaceae) on cell growth inhibition of the human leukemia cell line HL-60. Among them, murrayafoline-A (1) and murrayazolinine (7) exhibited significant growth suppression due to apoptosis mediated by the activation of the caspase-9/caspase-3 pathway. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory NotePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0584-0Authors Chihiro Ito, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya, 468-8503 JapanMasataka Itoigawa, Faculty of Human Wellness, Tokai Gakuen University, 21-233 Nishinohora, Ukigai, Miyoshi, Aichi 470-0207, JapanKeisuke Nakao, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Fac... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5184206 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 15:59:18 +0100 5184206 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5184207&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fut81078760376886%2F In this study, we found that gambogenic acid (GNA), a polyprenylated xanthone isolated from the traditional medicine gamboge, efficiently arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase by specifically repressing the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in U251 glioblastoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The pro-apoptotic effect of GNA on U251 cells was shown to be mediated through inactivation of the Akt pathway, because GNA efficiently suppressed the expression level of EGFR and reduced the phosphorylation of Akt (T308) and GSK3β (S9). Furthermore, the combined treatment with LY294002, a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/Akt kinase pathway, and GNA showed a synergistic ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5184207 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 15:59:17 +0100 5184207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5175948&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frph275860031g800%2F In this study, an immunochromatographic strip test has been developed for the detection of asiaticoside in plant samples that uses a monoclonal antibody against asiaticoside. The limit of detection for the strip test was 12.5 μg/ml. Immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies could be useful for the determination of small quantities of asiaticoside in plant extracts. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0582-2Authors Boonchoo Sritularak, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 ThailandThaweesak Juengwatanatrakul, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190 ThailandWaraporn Putalun, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5175948 Sat, 27 Aug 2011 15:48:50 +0100 5175948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170493&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq53h74571330vp22%2F Abstract   Centella asiatica (L.) Urban has been traditionally used for the treatment of various disease and as a food for thousands of years in various parts of the world including eastern Asia, China and India. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of Centella asiatica aqueous leaf extract on the induction of spermatogenic cell apoptosis in male rats. After lethal dose (LD50) assessment of plant extract, rats were divided in five groups. The experimental groups received orally 10, 50, 80 and 100 mg/kg aqueous leaf extract daily for 60 days and the control group received just water. After 60 days, body and testis weight were measured and blood samples were taken from the heart. To evaluate apoptosis and histological changes, tissue samples obta... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170493 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 05:49:25 +0100 5170493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5161989&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7423454543626330%2F In this study, we investigated whether DAVA has protective effects against ADR-induced free radical accumulation and apoptosis in cardiac muscle cells and compared the effects of DAVA with N-acetylcysteine, a potent antioxidant. We evaluated the effect of DAVA on ADR-induced cytotoxicity by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and crystal violet staining, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by flow cytometry, and the expression of stress-related proteins like Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by nuclear condensation and the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as caspase-3 and polyadenosine diphosphate-ribos... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5161989 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 15:50:27 +0100 5161989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5161990&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F267293w461842v42%2F Abstract  The inhibitory effects of the ethyl acetate extract and capsaicin (1) and dihydrocapsaicin (2) isolated from fruits of Capsicum annuum chili pepper type, and synthetic capsaicinoid derivatives (N-(4-hydroxyphenylethyl)decamide (3), (E)-N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienamide (4), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-((E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl)benzamide (5) and N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)decamide (6) at different concentrations were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans. The minimum inhibitory concentration at which the ethyl acetate extract prevented the growth of S. mutans was 2.5 mg/mL; those of the isolated compounds 1 and 2 were 1.25 μg/mL, while 3 was 5.0 μg/mL, and 4, 5 and 6 were 2.5 μg/mL, respectively. Content Type Jou... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5161990 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 05:42:36 +0100 5161990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5161991&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5168518q838jv03n%2F Abstract   Centella asiatica is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine. To help the efficient use and conservation of this species, the genetic diversity of C. asiatica populations in China was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Fourteen natural populations comprising 162 individuals were included to estimate genetic diversity. At the species level, genetic diversity was relatively high (P = 66.33%, H = 0.2183, I = 0.3305). At the population level, the genetic diversity of JH (Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China) and JJ (Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China) populations was relatively high (P = 43.88%, 38.78%, H = 0.1610, 0.1301, I = 0.2376, 0.1957, respectively), where... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5161991 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 06:42:46 +0100 5161991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5161992&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F408848h67176718h%2F In conclusion, these results indicate that Tan IIA-induced cancer cell apoptosis acts via activation of calcium-dependent apoptosis signaling pathways and upregulation of MT 1A expression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0576-0Authors Zhi-Kai Dai, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Institute of Guilin Medical University, 541004 Guilin, ChinaJiang-Ke Qin, Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources of State Education Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, ChinaJiao-E Huang, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Institute of Guilin Medical University, 541004 Guilin, ChinaYong Luo, Department of Neurology, Aerospace Hospita... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5161992 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 06:42:45 +0100 5161992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5161993&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp3377341072l7808%2F Abstract  We studied the effects of explant types, plant growth regulators, and sucrose concentrations on shoot and microrhizome inductions of Curcuma comosa Roxb., an important Thai medicinal plant for women’s health. Explant types significantly affected shoot induction of the plant. The maximum shoot multiplication rate of 11.82 ± 1.03 shoots/responding explant was obtained when culturing terminal bud explants on semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 18.16 μM thidiazuron for 8 weeks. Subsequently, they were transferred to a semi-solid MS medium without plant growth regulators for 4 weeks. The regenerated shoots produced roots spontaneously. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to the soil. Microrhizome ind... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5161993 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 05:48:12 +0100 5161993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5132296&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F89115mn077142042%2F Abstract  We evaluated the effects of a standardized Labisia pumila var. alata (LPva) extract on body weight change, hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) expressions and corticosterone (CORT) level in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The decoction of LPva has been used for generations among Malay women in Malaysia to maintain a healthy reproductive system.Thirty-six Sprague–Dawley OVX rats were treated orally with LPva extract (10, 20 or 50 mg/kg/day) or estrogen replacement (ERT) for 30 days. Sham operated rats were used as controls. Compared to untreated OVX rats, LPva-treated rats showed less weight gain and had significantly down-regulated HSD11B1 mRNA in liver tissues. HSD11B1 mRNA in adipose tissues increased by 55% (p < 0.05) in OVX rat... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5132296 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:02:01 +0100 5132296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5132297&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff15440272j6v3r10%2F In this study, we investigated the influence of HMC05 regulation on the MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signaling cascade in the inhibition of the migration and proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). The inhibitory effects of HMC05 (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; 0 or 100 ng/ml)-induced HASMC migration and proliferation were investigated by wound migration and proliferation assays, Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. HMC05 completely inhibited TNF-α-induced HASMC migration and proliferation. HMC05 prevented TNF-α receptor 1-mediated phosphorylation of signal transduction molecules involved in MAPK signaling cascades such as MEK1/2, ERK1/2, Elk-1 transcription facto... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5132297 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:02:00 +0100 5132297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5126472&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fml6072358842j675%2F Abstract  Anti-melanogenesis screening of 47 synthesized curcumin-like diarylpentanoid analogues was performed to show that some had a potent inhibitory effect on the melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. Their actions were considered to be mostly due to tyrosinase inhibition, tyrosinase expression inhibition, and melanin pigment degradation. The structure–activity relationships of those curcumin-like diarylpentanoid analogues which inhibited the melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity were also discussed. Of those compounds assayed, (2E,6E)-2,6-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone showed the most potent anti-melanogenesis effect, the mechanism of which is considered to be the degradation of the melanin pigment in B16 melanoma cells, affecting neither the tyrosinase act... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5126472 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 15:45:44 +0100 5126472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5126473&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc888187383845kj1%2F Abstract  A new indole alkaloid, leucoridine A N-oxide (1), consisting of two units of a strychnan type of skeleton, was isolated from the leaves of Leuconotis griffithii. Its structure was elucidated by various spectroscopic means such as NMR and MS, and also by chemical means. Antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 of indole alkaloids isolated from L. griffithii was investigated. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0574-2Authors Alfarius E. Nugroho, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanYusuke Hirasawa, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Ebara 2-4-41, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501 JapanWong Chin Piow, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi Un... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5126473 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 15:45:43 +0100 5126473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5126474&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0747683051680077%2F Abstract  This investigation was aimed to probe the pharmacological base of medicinal use of Acorus calamus in ischemic heart diseases. Effect on heart parameters was studied in isolated rabbit heart while coronary vasodilator effect was studied in isolated bovine coronary arterial rings, suspended in tissue baths filled with Krebs solution, maintained at 37°C, aerated with carbogen and responses were measured on PowerLab data acquisition system. In Langendorrf’s perfused rabbit heart, the crude extract of Acorus calamus (Ac.Cr) at 0.01–10 mg/mL partially suppressed force of ventricular contractions (FVC), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow (CF). The ethylacetate fraction completely suppressed FVC, partially suppressed HR and CF, while the nHexane fraction exhibited ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5126474 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 05:43:28 +0100 5126474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5109642&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd78224148482p523%2F Abstract  Crude drugs expected to have an estrogenic effect were screened for their inhibitory activity on testosterone 5α-reductase. Testosterone 5α-reductase is an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which possesses high affinity for the androgen receptor. Among the crude drugs tested, we focused on Puerariae Flos (the flowers of Pueraria thomsonii) due to its potent inhibitory activity and suitability for commercial use. The 50% ethanolic extract of Puerariae Flos (PF-ext) showed inhibitory activity of 60.2% at 500 μg/ml against testosterone 5α-reductase. Interestingly, it was more potent than that of Puerariae Radix (roots of Pueraria lobata). PF-ext also showed in vivo anti-androgenic activity using a hair growth assay in tes... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5109642 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 05:59:39 +0100 5109642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5109641&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw022l338j82g2521%2F Abstract  From the 1-BuOH-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of the leaves of Russelia equisetiformis, one new iridoid glucoside was isolated along with 24 known compounds, comprising iridoids and iridoid glucosides, phenyl propane glucosides, phenyl ethanoids, lignan glucosides, and flavonoid glucosides. The structure of the new compound was elucidated to be 10-O-cinnamoyl sinuatol. Of the 25 compounds isolated, rehmaglutin B exhibited moderate inhibitory activity toward NO production, which was not associated with cytotoxicity. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0569-zAuthors Madoka Ochi, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanKatsuyoshi Matsu... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5109641 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 05:59:39 +0100 5109641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5109640&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe6g530668162u34k%2F Abstract  The crude extract of Brucea javanica showed strong in vitro inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma evansi. Among the isolated quassinoids, bruceines A, C, and bruceantinol were found to be the most potent compounds against T. evansi. To gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between the free hydroxyl groups and the activity, several O-acetylated derivatives of bruceines A and C were synthesized and their in vitro antitrypanosomal activities against trypomastigotes of T. evansi were examined and compared with those of the original compounds. The following structure–activity relationships were observed: (1) the free hydroxyl groups at positions C-3, C-11, and C-12 are essential for antitrypanosomal activity; (2) the C-11 and C-12 hydroxyl groups are more im... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5109640 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 05:59:39 +0100 5109640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5079674&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr7pm831381487676%2F Abstract  Two new indole alkaloids, 2-(3,3-dimethylprop-1-ene)-costaclavine (1) and 2-(3,3-dimethylprop-1-ene)-epicostaclavine (2), together with the known compounds costaclavine (3), fumgaclavine A (4) and C (5), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The planar structures of the two new compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence including MS, UV, IR and NMR spectra. Their stereochemistry was studied by NOESY, 1H–1H coupling constant and CD spectra. The compounds 1, 2, 3 and 5 showed weak cytotoxicity against a mouse leukemia cell line (P388). Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0565-3Authors Dahai Zhang, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 H... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5079674 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 05:49:48 +0100 5079674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5079675&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F10708uq307408204%2F This study was carried out in order to provide a pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. Crude extract of Swertia chirata (Sc.Cr) and its fractions were studied using rabbit isolated tissue preparations. In jejunum, Sc.Cr, which tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenes, caused stimulation at concentrations of 0.01–1.0 mg/mL, followed by a relaxant effect at higher concentrations. In the presence of atropine, the contractile effect was blocked and only relaxation occurred. Sc.Cr inhibited high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions at 0.01–10 mg/mL and shifted Ca2+ concentration–response curves to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil. In trachea, Sc.Cr relaxed the carbachol (1&n... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5079675 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 05:49:47 +0100 5079675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5030614&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw506n854670tm6u2%2F Abstract  Two new caffeoyl quinic acid α-glucosides, together with three known caffeoyl quinic acids and five known flavonoid glucosides, were isolated from the leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 4-O-(4′-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-caffeoyl quinic acid (1) and 4-O-(3′-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl)-caffeoyl quinic acid (2) by spectroscopic analyses. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0563-5Authors Yoshiki Kashiwada, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomochi 1-78, Tokushima, 770-8505 JapanFakhruddin Ali Ahmed, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomochi 1-78, Tokushima, 770-8505 JapanShin-ichiro Kurimoto, Graduate School of Pharmaceutic... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5030614 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 06:10:41 +0100 5030614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020958&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F276w5120434p1554%2F Abstract  Five new phenolic lipids, 2-(8″Z-eicosenoyl)-6-(8′Z-pentadecenyl) salicylic acid (3), 2-(9″Z-hexadecenoyl)-6-(8′Z, 11′Z-pentadecadienyl) methyl salicylate (5), 2-(10″Z, 13″Z-nonadecadienoyl)-6-(8′Z, 11′Z-pentadecadienyl) salicylic acid (6), 2-(16″Z-pentacosenoyl)-6-(8′Z-pentadecenyl) salicylic acid (7) and 2-(9″Z-octadecenoyl)-6-(8′Z, 11′Z-pentadecadienyl) methyl salicylate (8), and three known compounds, cardols (1), anacardic acid (2) and cardanols (4), were isolated from the nuts of the cashew, Anacardium occidentale L. The structures were established on the basis of detailed MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 highly enhanced both Th-1 (IL-2, IFN-γ) and Th-2 (IL-4, IL-5) cytokine production, and compounds 7 and 8 highly increas... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020958 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 05:44:41 +0100 5020958 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999371&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh2h1p10048n82613%2F This study was designed to examine whether the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of LC possess antipsychotic property in rats. The antipsychotic effects of the extracts were assessed using the amphetamine animal model of psychosis in rats. The effect of the extracts on spontaneous motor activity was also studied in the open field test in mice. The extrapyramidal side effect of catalepsy was tested based on the ability of the extracts to alter the duration of akinesia in mice placed on a vertical wrapped string. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of LC (25–400 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed stereotyped behaviour induced by amphetamine (10.0 mg/kg, i.p.) in rats, which suggest antipsychotic activity. The extracts (25–400 mg/kg, i.p.) further pr... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999371 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 06:10:07 +0100 4999371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4999370&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F22mg124640pg7v25%2F Abstract  Recently, the nephroprotective property of Pueraria tuberosa DC. tuber (PT) has been reported by our group. Here, PT-embedded biscuits were prepared and tested on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. The PT powder was characterized by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) to ascertain its authenticity and PT biscuits were prepared in different concentrations (1, 2, or 4 g of PT powder). These biscuits were given as diet for a total of 10 days, but on the 7th day cisplatin injection (8 mg/kg bw, i.p.) was given. On the 10th day animals were killed to collect kidneys for assessment of antioxidant status. Blood samples were collected on both the 7th and 10th days for assessment of liver and kidney functions. In mice, P... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4999370 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 06:10:07 +0100 4999370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993751&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn6u0158135020774%2F Abstract  A novel, efficient, and accurate fingerprinting method using high performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection has been developed and optimized for the investigation and demonstration of the variance in chemical properties among Siraitia grosvenorii fruits from different origins. The effects of growth stages, cultivated varieties, collection locations, and fruit portions of the herb on chromatographic fingerprints were examined. Eleven compounds were identified on chromatograms by comparing the retention time and UV spectrum of each peak separately with those of external references. The results revealed that chromatographic fingerprints, combining similarity or hierarchical clustering analysis along with reference compounds, could efficiently ident... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993751 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 10:50:57 +0100 4993751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4993752&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1360731504483752%2F Abstract  Silymarin, a mixture of flavonolignans, is extracted from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and has a strong antioxidant activity and exhibits anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects. In this study we attempted to determine whether silymarin and the glutathione modifiers, buthionine sulfoxamine (BSO) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), are involved in regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in proliferating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cellular glutathione was manipulated during a 14-day culture using BSO, NAC and silymarin. At intervals of 2, 7 and 14 days, cells were collected and COX-2 and iNOS levels were measured. In parallel, generation of cellular H2O2 and glutathione were measured. Supplementation ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4993752 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 05:56:54 +0100 4993752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4970509&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8607873rv3m27322%2F Abstract  Free radical scavenging and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) inhibitory potential were evaluated in the crude methanol extract of Dichrostachys cinerea. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the identification of four flavan-3-ols, namely (−)-mesquitol (1), oritin (2), (−)-festidinol (3) and (−)-epicatechin (4). Analysis of structure–activity relationships revealed that the presence of 7,8-dihydroxyl groups in the A-ring of flavan-3-ols in conjunction with 3′,4′-dihydroxyls in the B-ring (1) is an important criterion for displaying potent AGE inhibitory activity along with free radical scavenging properties. (−)-Mesquitol (1), oritin (2), and (−)-festidinol (3) were found to be new natural AGE inhibitors. (−)-Mesquitol (1) displayed the most potent A... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4970509 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 16:14:59 +0100 4970509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4970510&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft437x05105784h16%2F Abstract  A simple and accurate HPLC-UV/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of ten iridoids and secoiridoids in the roots of Gentiana straminea Maxim. Separations were performed on a Kromasil-C18 column by gradient elution using methanol and water containing phosphoric acid. Analytes were identified by HPLC coupled with ESI-MS experiments. The chromatographic method was validated for selectivity, linearity, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and stability. The developed assay could be considered as a suitable quality control method for G. straminea and other “Qinjiao” herbs. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0560-8Authors Shihu Wei, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Univer... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4970510 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 05:58:00 +0100 4970510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4970511&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa02t15664641q3l8%2F Abstract  The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the preventive role of morin, a flavonoid, on cardiac marker enzymes such as aspartate transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB, membrane-bound enzymes such as sodium potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase, calcium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase and magnesium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase, and glycoproteins such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with morin (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) daily for a period of 30 days. After the treatment period, ISO (85 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected into the rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days. ISO... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4970511 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 05:57:59 +0100 4970511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4970512&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq4724566301535v6%2F Abstract  Alpha-eleostearic acid (α-ESA) is a natural and biologically active compound which possesses potent antioxidant and anti-tumor activity. The purpose of this study was to confirm the anticancer activity of α-ESA against human breast cancer cells and to further elucidate its mechanism of activity. Human breast cancer cells and normal liver cells were used for in-vitro tests of the anticancer activity of α-ESA, including cytotoxicity, colony formation inhibition, EdU incorporation, AO/EB staining of apoptotic cells, cell cycle distribution through flow cytometry, and PPARγ, p21, Bax, p53, and caspase-3 mRNA expressions through RT-PCR. After α-ESA treatment, the proliferation, colony formation, and EdU labeling indices of cancer cells decreased (p < ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4970512 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:34:17 +0100 4970512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946655&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq7061pj2110365gw%2F Abstract  The hypolipidemic activity of Symplocos cochinchinensis S. Moore leaves was studied in Triton WR-1339- and high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. In Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic rats, the hexane extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) exerted a significant (P < 0.01) lipid-lowering effect compared to ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, as assessed by the reversal of the plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In high fat diet-fed hyperlipidemic rats, the hexane extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) caused the lowering of lipid levels in the plasma and liver. The hypolipidemic activity of S. cochinchinensis leaves was compared with fenofi... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946655 Fri, 17 Jun 2011 12:00:50 +0100 4946655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946656&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn263529256r45v54%2F Abstract  Three new flavonoids, myriophylloside I, II and III, were isolated from Oxytropis myriophylla (Leguminosae), together with four known flavonoid glycosides: isorhamnetin-3-O-β-d-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-α-l-arabinosyl(1→6)-β-d-glucoside, quercetin and rutin. The structural elucidations of all the compounds were based on extensive spectroscopic methods, including HRESIMS and 2D-NMR experiments (HSQC, HMBC, 1H–1H COSY and HSQC-TOCSY), UV, IR and chemical evidence, together with comparison with reference values. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0551-9Authors Gaimei She, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Zhonghuan South Road, Wangjing District, Beijing, 100102 People’s Republic of ChinaFa... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946656 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 05:49:51 +0100 4946656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4946657&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8472268002112260%2F Abstract  During the screening of anti-influenza virus substances from traditional herbal medicines, the methanol extract from the leaves of Pogostemon cablin Benth. showed potent in vitro antiviral activity (99.8% inhibition at a concentration of 10 μg/mL) against influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1). The anti-influenza virus principle was isolated from the hexane-soluble fraction, through solvent fractionation, repeated silica gel column chromatography, and reversed-phase HPLC. The major active principle was a volatile substance that was identified as a sesquiterpene, patchouli alcohol (1), on the basis of its spectral analyses. When anti-influenza virus activity against A/PR/8/34 was evaluated by the plaque forming assay, patchouli alcohol reduced the number of plaques ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4946657 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 06:01:28 +0100 4946657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4937251&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq0023q356m042170%2F Abstract  Excessive receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling causes enhanced osteoclast formation and bone resorption. The downregulation of RANKL expression and its downstream signals may be an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis. Here, we found that coptisine, one of the isoquinoline alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma, exhibited inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Although coptisine has been studied for its antipyretic, antiphotooxidative, dampness dispelling, antidote, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo, its effects on osteoclastogenesis have not been investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of coptisine on osteoblastic cells as well as osteoclast pr... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4937251 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 05:48:19 +0100 4937251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4937250&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9t223w4351815j72%2F Abstract  Mushrooms are valuable sources of biologically active compounds possessing anticancer, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory properties. Phellinus baumii is a mushroom used in folk medicine for a variety of human diseases. However, its potential anti-inflammatory effect has remained unclear. Therefore, we studied the effect of P. baumii ethyl acetate extract (PBEAE) on inflammatory mediator and proinflammatory cytokine protein and/or mRNA expression levels using the nitric oxide (NO) assay, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), western blot, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage like RAW264.7 cells. PBEAE markedly inhibited NO generation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in a concentration-dependent p... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4937250 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 05:48:19 +0100 4937250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4913839&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8p1q275533r56770%2F Abstract  A novel sugar ester poacynose (1) was isolated from the flowers of Poacynum hendersonii together with 31 known compounds. The structure of 1 was established mainly on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data. Among the isolates, several constituents, such as kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside (5), picein (16), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (17) moderately promoted adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, simultaneous quantitative analysis of eight flavonoid constituents from the flower and leaf parts of P. hendersonii was developed. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0549-3Authors Toshio Morikawa, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, JapanKats... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4913839 Mon, 06 Jun 2011 14:57:53 +0100 4913839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4913840&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr720k2jj6248p130%2F In conclusion, EtEx has antinociceptive effects arising from anti-inflammatory activity; this activity could be due to the presence of lupeol and betulin. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0547-5Authors Weuller F. de Moraes, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, BrazilPablinny Moreira Galdino, Laboratório de Farmacologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Sala 216, ICB 2, CP 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, BrazilMarcus Vinícius M. Nascimento, Laboratório de Farmacologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Sala 216, ICB 2, CP 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, BrazilFrederico Ar... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4913840 Sat, 04 Jun 2011 06:06:15 +0100 4913840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4904286&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F62h561851q865422%2F This study reports an appreciable yield of podophyllotoxin (PDT) in P. hexandrum plants grown ex situ under polyhouse conditions of a temperate locale. The PDT content of below-ground parts was affected by both plant age and growth period. However, only the effect of plant age on PDT content was significant. Thus, the highest amounts of PDT were recorded in the below-ground parts of 2-year-old plants harvested during the late-growth period (LGP). High total soluble sugars in the below-ground parts during the early growth period (EGP) and the highest nitrate and nitrate reductase in the leaves of 2-year-old plants during the peak-growth period (PGP) indicated higher mobilization and assimilation of starch and nitrate. Probably the surplus carbon and nitrogen gained during the PGP were ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4904286 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:09:53 +0100 4904286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4904287&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuk13734674111835%2F Abstract  Ginkgolide K, a natural platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, was isolated from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba. However, little is known about its neuroprotective effect in ischemia–reperfusion (I/R)-induced cerebral injury. Hence, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ginkgolide K on neuroprotection and the potential mechanisms in the rat I/R model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rats were pretreated with ginkgolide K 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg (i.v.) once a day for 5 days before MCAO. Neurological deficit score (NDS), brain water content, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and pathology of brain tissue, as well as indexes of oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4904287 Wed, 25 May 2011 06:17:24 +0100 4904287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4904288&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa76m61482w4p323p%2F Abstract  The aqueous extract of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don. (ALC) induced vasorelaxation of phenylephrine precontracted aorta in a dose-dependent manner. This effect disappeared in the absence of functional endothelium. Pretreatment of the aortic tissues with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) blocked ALC-induced vascular relaxation. Incubation of endothelium-intact thoracic aortic rings with ALC increased cGMP production. ALC-induced cGMP production was blocked by pretreatment with l-NAME or ODQ. ALC-induced vascular relaxation was also markedly attenuated by addition of verapamil or diltiazem, but was not blocked by pretreatment with indomethacine, glibenclamide, tetraethylammonium, atropine, or propranolol. The... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4904288 Tue, 24 May 2011 05:53:55 +0100 4904288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4904289&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk760401m1771l262%2F Abstract  The present study aimed at investigating the effect of carvacrol on hepatic mitochondrial enzyme activities and DNA damage in d-galactosamine (d-GalN)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats. The activities of hepatic mitochondrial enzymes such as isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NADPH dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase significantly decreased in d-GalN-hepatotoxic rats, and administration of carvacrol brought these parameters towards normality. In d-GalN-hepatotoxic rats, the hepatic mitochondrial concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances significantly increased, and administration of carvacrol significantly reduced them towards normality. Furthermore, the activitie... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4904289 Sat, 21 May 2011 23:22:19 +0100 4904289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4831818&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy57386566m643851%2F In this study, 214 extracts from 162 plants belonging to 65 families were screened for the purpose of elucidating the anti-proliferative effect against HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. Extracts from aerial parts of Physalis pruinosa showed potent inhibitory effect. We isolated five withanolides from the extracts by activity-guided fractionation and examined the structure–activity relationships. The presence of a 5β,6β-epoxy function is suggested to be essential for the activity, and the most active principle showed selective toxicity to HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0543-9Authors Daisuke Nakano, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 JapanKenji Ishitsuka, Di... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4831818 Sat, 14 May 2011 05:47:21 +0100 4831818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4831819&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn12112uj57mlk666%2F Abstract  We screened the antihyperlipidemic effects of seven edible plants by evaluation of the triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol profiles secreted from HepG2 cells. We found that the water- and ethanol-extracts of Brasenia schreberi at 100 μg/ml exhibited strong inhibitory activities against TG and cholesterol secretions from HepG2 cells stimulated with sodium oleate. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that ethanol extract of B. schreberi (BSET) attenuated the expression of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and -2, fatty acid synthase and HMG CoA synthase-1 genes, which are involved in lipid synthesis in hepatocyte/hepatoma cells. Furthermore, we studied the action of BSET on adipose tissue accumulation and serum parameters in mice fed a high-fat di... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4831819 Thu, 12 May 2011 18:54:16 +0100 4831819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4822198&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb723475202678j06%2F In conclusion, the water extract from fresh leaves of P. palatiferum possessed hypotensive and bradycardic effects. The vasorelaxant effect of the extract was dependent partly on the vascular endothelium but was not dependent on the synthesis of nitric oxide and did not act through activation of the muscarinic receptor. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0540-zAuthors Parirat Khonsung, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 ThailandA. Panthong, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 ThailandN. Chiranthanut, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 ThailandS. Intahphuak, McCormick Faculty of Nursing, Payap Uni... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4822198 Tue, 10 May 2011 05:55:24 +0100 4822198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4806126&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F233x7l62545k604q%2F Abstract  The biotransformation of β-artemether (1) by cell suspension cultures of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Lavandula officinalis is reported here for the first time. The major biotransformed product appeared as a grayish-blue color spot on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with transparent crystal-like texture. Based on its infrared (IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, the product was characterized as a tetrahydrofuran (THF)–acetate derivative (2). The highest conversion efficiencies of 57 and 60% were obtained when 8–9-day-old cell suspensions of G. glabra and L. officinalis were respectively fed with 4–7 mg of compound 1 in 40 ml of medium per culture and the cells were harvested after 2–5 days of incubation. The addition of compound 1 at ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4806126 Thu, 05 May 2011 05:45:16 +0100 4806126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4790399&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr761628v11p10x60%2F In conclusion, the traditional plant Tinospora cordifolia mediates its anti-diabetic potential through mitigating oxidative stress, promoting insulin secretion and also by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, thereby regulating blood glucose. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0538-6Authors Marimuthu Kannan Sangeetha, Herbal and Indian Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600116 IndiaHanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran, Herbal and Indian Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600116 IndiaVeeraraghavan Gayathri, Herbal and Indian Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600116 IndiaH... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4790399 Tue, 03 May 2011 05:45:33 +0100 4790399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745143&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa7853m1h96g27k50%2F Abstract   Croton stellatopilosus Ohba (Plau-noi), a well-known Thai medicinal plant, was investigated for its genetic variation by analyzing three DNA regions, one nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and two chloroplast trnL-F intergenic spacer and trnK intron regions. The results of ITS sequencing from 30 leaf samples showed that there were two major genotypes of C. stellatopilosus which were designated as STEL Type A and B. In addition, various nucleotide additive sequences which had presumably arisen from these two groups were also found. These so-called “putative hybrids”, interestingly, displayed trnK intron sequences identical to the STEL Type B but different from the Type A. For the trnL-F region, all the 30 samples showed identical sequences. Thus, it... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745143 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 05:56:41 +0100 4745143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4710329&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx0n1756vu3l7q076%2F Abstract  Time-dependent effects of ethanolic extract of Boswellia papyrifera, administered systemically, on spatial memory retention in the Morris water maze were investigated in male rats. A total extract of Boswellia papyrifera (300 mg/kg) was administered every eight hours to three groups of rats by gavage for 1, 2 and 4 weeks. In a separate set of experiments, three doses of a fraction of the extract, called the boswellic acids (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) were administered by gavage to three groups of rats three times a day for 2 weeks. Following these applications, animals were trained for 4 days. Behavioral testing for evaluation of spatial memory retention was performed 48 h after completion of training. Boswellia papyrifera extracts and bos... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4710329 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 15:42:23 +0100 4710329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4710330&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe538630w574pn537%2F Abstract  The present study was designed to investigate the role of curcumin in chronic stress and chronic unpredictable stress-induced memory deficits and alteration of functional homeostasis in mice. Chronic stress was induced by immobilizing the animal for 2 h daily for 10 days, whereas chronic unpredictable stress was induced by employing a battery of stressors of variable magnitude and time for 10 days. Curcumin was administered to drug-treated mice prior to induction of stress. Body weight, adrenal gland weight, ulcer index and biochemical levels of glucose, creatine kinase, cholesterol, corticosterone, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated to assess stress-induced functional changes. Memory deficits... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4710330 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 15:42:22 +0100 4710330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4710331&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg26ll45265805246%2F Abstract  The hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of Ziziphus jujuba (ZJ) was investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using acute and chronic models of inflammation in rat. Wistar albino rats of either sex were employed in the present study (n = 6). Acute inflammation was induced by subplantar administration of carrageenan (1%) in rat hind paw. Chronic inflammation was induced by interscapular implantation of a sterile cotton pellet (50 mg). ZJ extract as test drug and indomethacin (10 mg/kg) as standard were used. Serum nitrite/nitrate was also estimated to determine the expression of nitric oxide. In the acute study, carrageenan (1%) administration caused marked paw edema. Pretreatment with ZJ extract exhibited marked dose-dependent attenuation in ed... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4710331 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 05:52:08 +0100 4710331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4710332&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu0380g710r5hg33k%2F Abstract  Kinka-cha (dried leaf of Camellia nitidissima) is used as a folk tea for detoxication, diuresis and antihypertension. In the present study, we evaluated the extract of kinka-cha on metabolic, vascular and oxidative stress parameters in a model of metabolic syndrome, SHR/NDmcr-cp/cp (SHR/cp) rats that manifest hypertension, obesity, glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia. Treatment with the extract of kinka-cha alleviated the increase in blood pressure, decrease in tail blood flow and elevated serum oxidative stress marker levels including lipid peroxides, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, 3-nitrotyrosine and 3-chlorotyrosine. However, kinka-cha did not affect weight gain, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, nor the relaxation responses of the aorta mesenteric artery, th... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4710332 Sat, 09 Apr 2011 15:49:13 +0100 4710332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4698575&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd83867vt8611641v%2F Abstract  The resinous portions of Aquilaria plants, called agarwood, have been used as medicines and incenses. Agarwood contains a great variety of sesquiterpenes, and a study using cultured cells of Aquilaria crassna showed that the production of sesquiterpenes (α-guaiene, α-humulene, and δ-guaiene) was induced by treatment with methyl jasmonate, which led to the cloning of δ-guaiene synthases. In the present study, analyses of genomic organization and Southern blotting of δ-guaiene synthase in A. crassna were performed in order to examine the genomic background of δ-guaiene synthases in Aquilaria plants. Genomic cloning and sequencing revealed five types of sequence in putative δ-guaiene synthases sharing more than 96% identity in exon regions, and that these enzyme... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4698575 Thu, 07 Apr 2011 06:01:37 +0100 4698575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4693854&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhm710650h4371395%2F Abstract  The present study aimed to elucidate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract from the mycelium of the endophytic fungus Rhizoctonia sp. (MEMRh) in mice. The antinociceptive activity was assessed using the abdominal constriction, hot plate, and formalin tests. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a murine model of paw edema. Intraperitoneal administration of MEMRh (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) produced an inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing in mice for at least 8 h. In addition, all doses tested of the methanol extract were able to prevent thermal nociception in the hot-plate test. Furthermore, treatment with MEMRh (10 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited both the early and late phases of formalin-induced ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4693854 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 06:45:20 +0100 4693854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4693853&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F28q3p02217585235%2F Abstract  Successive extracts of Ficus microcarpa L. fil. bark (FMB) were tested for antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicities in rats. The ethyl acetate extract of FMB exhibited significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity by reducing carbon tetrachloride- and paracetamol-induced changes in biochemical parameters as evidenced by enzymatic and histological examination. Pretreatment with ethyl acetate extract of FMB significantly shortened the duration of pentobarbitone-induced necrosis in mice, indicating its hepatoprotective potential. Phytochemical studies confirmed the presence of the phenolic compound, catechin, in FMB, which may interfere with free-radical formation and may account for its s... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4693853 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 06:45:20 +0100 4693853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4686590&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe629180j646p53l5%2F Abstract  Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of acoschimperoside P, 2′-acetate (1) and a new cardiac glycoside (2), isolated from the leaves of Vallaris glabra, are described. Compound 1 was active in the assay for Hedgehog signaling inhibition. In further experiments, this compound showed a strong cytotoxicity against human pancreatic (PANC1) and human prostate (DU145) cancer cells. The expression of GLI-related proteins (PTCH and BCL-2) in a dose-dependent manner was also inhibited by 1. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0530-1Authors Yusnita Rifai, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522 JapanMidori A. Arai, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Ya... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4686590 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 16:53:52 +0100 4686590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4686591&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flk6k8n68142132u1%2F Abstract  In the present paper, a fast and economical HPLC method [on a Phenomenex Polar-RP column with a solution of (phosphoric acid:triethylamine:dibutylamine:water = 0.40:0.1:0.2:499.3) and methanol] is developed, and applied for the determination of norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, ephedrine (E), pseudoephedrine (PE) and methylephedrine (ME) in 64 samples of three species from main habitats in China. Quantitation data showed that total alkaloid content in Ephedra equisetina Bge. (2.708 ± 0.642%) is higher than that in E. sinica Stapf. (1.365 ± 0.624%) and E. intermedia Schrenk et C. A. Mey. (1.537 ± 0.746%), but the range of total alkaloid content in each species is so wide that the ranges of the three species greatly overlap. ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4686591 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 09:47:28 +0100 4686591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4623299&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8767ll3542143360%2F Abstract  In order to investigate the immunopharmacological function of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and normal mice were administered either APS or saline intraperitoneally once daily. The changes in galectin-1 expression in different organs of the mice were detected by ELISA, Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. The percentages of apoptotic CD8+ T cells from spleens of APS-treated diabetic mice were measured by flow cytometry. We found that the expression of galectin-1 was increased in serum of APS-treated diabetic mice compared to the non-treated diabetic mice (*p < 0.05). Increased galectin-1 was mainly expressed in the muscle of APS-treated m... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4623299 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 16:55:25 +0100 4623299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4623300&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj21352p113h41m77%2F Abstract  Camalexin, a major indole phytoalexin of Arabidopsis thaliana, accumulates in various cruciferous plants in response to environmental stress and reportedly displays antimicrobial activities against various plant pathogens. However, its cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells and potential as a prospective drug for human diseases has been examined only in a limited context. Our data demonstrate the time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of camalexin on human T-leukemia Jurkat cells in the micromolar range, and the lower potency of cytotoxic effects on human lymphoblasts and primary fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity of camalexin is enhanced by the glutathione-depleting agent buthionine sulfoximine and completely blocked by pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Treatment of ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4623300 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 06:36:51 +0100 4623300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4623301&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj55698743q460w41%2F This study raises the possibility of developing S. sahendica as a potential neuroprotective agent. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0519-9Authors Fatemeh Shaerzadeh, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAbolhassan Ahmadiani, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMohammad Ali Esmaeili, Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Tehran, IranNiloufar Ansari, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSareh Asadi, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSolaleh Khoramian Tusi, Neuroscience Research Cent... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4623301 Sat, 19 Mar 2011 02:52:27 +0100 4623301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4616846&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F775745763g3760um%2F Abstract  The present study focuses on the anti-inflammatory activity of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. on an acute model of inflammation: the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay. Methanolic extract of J. gendarussa (JRM) roots at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly inhibited edema formation 5 h after carrageenan induction. JRM inhibited carrageenan-elicited total cycloxygenase activity, 5-lipoxygenase and 15-lipoxygenase activities in blood mononuclear cells of rats, decreased neutrophil infiltration in paw tissue as shown by low myeloperoxidase activity, and also caused a 53% inhibition in cyclooxygenase-2 activity in paw tissue. Purification of JRM by liquid–liquid partitioning yielded an ethyl acetate fraction of JRM that showed interleukin-6 downregulation potential an... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4616846 Thu, 17 Mar 2011 19:22:22 +0100 4616846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4611511&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff47680l4j760v635%2F Abstract  The present study was designed to investigate the attenuating potential of hydroalcoholic extract of Acorus calamus in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Vincristine (50 μg/kg, i.p. for 10 consecutive days) was administered to induce neuropathic pain in rats. Hot plate, plantar, Randall–Selitto and von Frey hair tests were performed to assess the degree of thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia, respectively, at different time intervals, viz., 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 days. Tissue myeloperoxidase, superoxide anion and total calcium levels were determined after day 21to assess biochemical alterations. Histopathological evaluations were also performed. Hydroalcoholic extract of Acorus calamus (HAE-AC, 100 and 200 m... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4611511 Tue, 15 Mar 2011 05:49:25 +0100 4611511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4601668&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy572g30498556q41%2F This study was aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory and gastromucosal protective effect of chloroform extract (CH) and hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of the stem bark of Calotropis procera obtained successively by cold maceration. The anti-inflammatory effect of the CH and HE extracts of the stem bark of Calotropis procera against carrageenan-induced paw oedema and also its gastromucosal protective effect has been studied by using two acute models: aspirin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and ethanol (96%) in albino rats. CH and HE extracts showed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 200 and 400 mg/kg, while CH extract at 400 mg/kg was also found to have a significant gastromucosal protective effect. As part of investigations to obtain compounds with anti-inflammatory and gastro... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4601668 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 06:40:20 +0100 4601668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4581855&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj48030372103n047%2F Abstract  Two new benzopyranones, diaportheone A (1) and B (2), were obtained via bioassay-guided isolation of the secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. P133 isolated from Pandanus amaryllifolius leaves. Their structures were determined from spectral analysis including mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance. Both 1 and 2 inhibited the growth of the virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 100.9 and 3.5 μM, respectively. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0518-xAuthors Melfei E. Bungihan, The Graduate School, Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, España, 1015 Manila, PhilippinesMario A. Tan, The Graduate S... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4581855 Fri, 11 Mar 2011 06:53:41 +0100 4581855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578494&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd2345212865v3237%2F Abstract  Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is a chemical compound that has been postulated to play a role in plant wound and pathogen responses. While the anti-inflammatory property of MJ has been reported in literature, no studies have been carried out to describe its role in the modulation of pain. Thus, this present investigation sought to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of MJ in animal models of pain. The antinociceptive activity of MJ (10–50 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) was screened using the acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion, formalin-induced paw licking and Randall–Selitto paw pressure tests in rodents. MJ demonstrated inhibitory activity against acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice. It further produced a significant supp... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578494 Tue, 08 Mar 2011 17:04:48 +0100 4578494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567141&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa23836p015715824%2F Abstract  From the 1-BuOH-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of the leaves of Schoepfia jasminodora collected from Okinawa Island, two new galloyl esters and 15 known compounds were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis to be isoorientin 4″-O-gallate and (2S)-1,2-propanediol 1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside 6′-O-gallate. The compounds possessing galloyl or cathechol moieties showed equal radical scavenging activity. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0521-2Authors Yoshiko Tsuboi, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanTakashi Doi, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567141 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 17:04:57 +0100 4567141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4550299&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F05u52471tr33h486%2F Abstract  Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients face great socio-economic difficulties in obtaining treatment. There is an urgent need for new, safe, and cheap anti-HIV agents. Traditional medicinal plants are a valuable source of novel anti-HIV agents and may offer alternatives to expensive medicines in future. Various medicinal plants or plant-derived natural products have shown strong anti-HIV activity and are under various stages of clinical development in different parts of the world. The present study was directed towards assessment of anti-HIV activity of various extracts prepared from Indian medicinal plants. The plants were chosen on the basis of similarity of chemical constituents with reported anti-HIV compounds or on the basis of their traditional usage as... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4550299 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 07:49:52 +0100 4550299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4550300&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8745541307q2385%2F In conclusion, data presented in this study suggest that AP extracts have the potential to inhibit CYP isoforms in vitro. There was, however, variation in the potency of inhibition depending on the extracts and the isoforms investigated. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0516-zAuthors Yan Pan, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaBadrul Amini Abd-Rashid, Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaZakiah Ismail, Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaRusli Ismail, Pharmacogenetics Research Group, Institute for Research in Molecula... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4550300 Wed, 02 Mar 2011 07:49:51 +0100 4550300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4541561&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj542849w13850411%2F Abstract   Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth (Scrophulariaceae), commonly known as Kutki, is a major ingredient of many ayurvedic preparations prescribed in the treatment of various diseases. Picrosides I and II are the active agents responsible for the medicinal effects of Kutki, and the variation in content of these compounds in plants at different altitudes is a major question to be addressed. The picroside I and II content in various plant parts of P. kurrooa collected from different altitudes, viz. Sonemarg (2,740 m a.s.l.), Tangmarg (2,690 m a.s.l.), and Pulwama (1,630 m a.s.l.) in the north-western Kashmir Himalayas was analyzed by HPLC. A considerable degree of variation in picroside content was observed. Picroside I and II was highest in populations ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4541561 Wed, 23 Feb 2011 23:36:14 +0100 4541561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4513536&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fkq46h63r0x5w5k02%2F This study was performed to determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil. (PEtExt) stem bark and its fractions using various animal models such as acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin-induced pain and croton oil-induced ear edema tests. The PEtExt inhibited the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, reduced the pain reaction time on both phases of the formalin test and decreased the edema in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatment with naloxone did not reverse the antinociceptive effect. Only the ethyl acetate fraction showed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Our results also showed that this extract contains compounds with analgesic action independent of anti-inflammatory activity. Con... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4513536 Mon, 21 Feb 2011 17:07:29 +0100 4513536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4496033&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fft65w0x765v44353%2F Abstract  Two new phenolic compounds, teadenol A (1) and teadenol B (2), were isolated from tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves fermented with Aspergillus sp. (PK-1, FARM AP-21280). The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on the analyses of their spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of the structures of 1 and 2 were also certified by their biosynthetic preparation in the treatment of tea catechins with Aspergillus sp. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0515-0Authors Rani Agustina Wulandari, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga, 840-8502 JapanMasami Amano, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga, 840-8502 J... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4496033 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 07:03:51 +0100 4496033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4496034&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fng6370476166t8j6%2F Abstract  We investigated the cytotoxicity of six neolignans (1–6), which are similar in structure to furanocyclohexenone with an angular allyl group, in human neuroblastoma cell lines (IMR-32, LA-N-1, NB-39, SK-N-SH) and normal cells [human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF)] using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Two neolignans, ferrearin C (1) and 2, showed significant cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells. Typical morphologic features of apoptosis were observed for the ferrearin-type neolignans using Hoechst 33342, and apoptotic cytoplasmic membrane inversion was also induced by ferrearin-type neolignans in IMR-32. Furthermore, a Proteome Profiler Array showed that the ferrearin-type neoli... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4496034 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 07:03:50 +0100 4496034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4496036&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm837775172w23678%2F This study describes the psychopharmacological properties of the aqueous extract of the nut of TC in mice. The spectrum of activities studied were the effects of TC on the duration of immobility in the forced swim test of the behavioural despair model of depression; prolongation of the duration of sleep produced by thiopentone; amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour; and on pain episodes produced by acetic acid and by formalin. Orally administered TC (50–200 mg/kg) produced a significant and dose-related decrease in the duration of immobility in the forced swim test in mice. TC also exhibited analgesic property, as shown by its ability to reduce the frequency of abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid and to inhibit the nociceptive responses produced by formalin. How... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4496036 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 07:03:49 +0100 4496036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4496035&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw171583g012554p3%2F In this study, we found that honokiol, an ingredient of Magnolia officinalis used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines, enhanced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Oil Red O staining showed that treatment with honokiol in the presence of insulin dose-dependently increased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipoyctes although its activity was weak compared with rosiglitazone. During adipocyte differentiation, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) mRNA and PPARγ target genes such as adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), adiponectin, and GLUT4 was induced by treatment with 10 μM honokiol. However, honokiol failed to show direct binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain in vitro. In preadipocytes, treatment with honokiol in the pre... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4496035 Wed, 16 Feb 2011 07:03:49 +0100 4496035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4461050&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn562476781h18620%2F In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of constituents was conducted to explore active components from Siberian ginseng which can protect against neuritic atrophy induced by Aβ(25–35) in cultured rat cortical neurons. The ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water fractions from the methanol extract of Siberian ginseng showed protective effects against Aβ-induced neuritic atrophy. Twelve compounds were isolated from the active fractions and identified. Among them, eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin showed obvious protective effects against Aβ(25–35)-induced atrophies of axons and dendrites at 1 and 10 μM. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11418-011-0509-yAuthors Yanjing Bai, Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4461050 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 23:07:50 +0100 4461050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4461051&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm351633356216m81%2F Abstract  An immunoassay system was established for the estimation of the quantity of an antitumor cyclic hexapeptide RA-VII (1) from Rubia cordifolia L. and R. akane Nakai (Rubiaceae). First, 1 was converted into its hapten, which was then conjugated with a carrier protein to be used as an effective antigen to obtain its monoclonal antibody (MAb). In the resulting conjugate, the molecular ratio between 1 and the carrier protein as assayed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was about 5:1. Then, the splenocytes from the mouse immunized with the conjugate were fused with mouse myeloma cells to produce hybridoma, secreting MAb against 1. Two clones were isolated, one producing MAb IgG1 and the other IgM, both having a κ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4461051 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 23:07:42 +0100 4461051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442860&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff57027t485wg3622%2F Abstract  Toxic metal contamination was investigated in Artemisia annua L. herbal preparations from different commercial sources in China. Measurable amounts of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and aluminium (Al) were detected in commercial dried Artemisia annua L., Massa Medicata Fermentata (Shenqu), Semen Sojae Praeparatum, medicated leaven (Jianqu) and an oral dose of Zhongganling-pian by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). A total of 69 samples were collected from different sources in the Chinese market. Toxic metals contents in the investigated samples were found at different levels. Results showed that 94.20, 100, 97.10,... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442860 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 09:23:50 +0100 4442860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442861&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc579245u6282314j%2F Abstract  Adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) is caused by human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection and is resistant to conventional chemotherapy. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of agricultural plants on the proliferation of seven ATL-related human leukaemia cells, using three ATL cell lines (ED, Su9T01 and S1T), two human T-cell lines transformed by HTLV-I infection (HUT-102 and MT-2) and two HTLV-I-negative human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat and MOLT-4). A total of 52 samples of 80% ethanol extracts obtained from 30 types of agricultural plants were examined. On the basis of IC50 values, we selected samples with greater activity than genistein, which was used as a positive control. The highest inhibitory effect was observed with extra... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442861 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 03:36:13 +0100 4442861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442862&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8152vr81m34hg81%2F Abstract   Microtoena patchoulii (Labiatae) is a perennial herb that grows in southern China. In the present study, the sedative activity of the essential oil of the leaves was evaluated using mice when the volatile oil was administered by inhalation. The inhalation of the oil by mice significantly reduced the spontaneous motor activity. Fractionation of the oil revealed that the main constituents in the oil were 1-octen-3-ol, terpinolene, patchouli alcohol, and methyl salicylate. Each 1-octen-3-ol, terpinolene, or patchouli alcohol significantly reduce the locomotor activity when it was administered singly. However, the essential oil fraction containing both patchouli alcohol and methyl salicylate did not exhibit any effects. It is suggested that methyl salicylate might ne... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442862 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 21:06:24 +0100 4442862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4442863&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F75112881338j6p41%2F Abstract   Curcuma species (Zingiberaceae) are used as both food and medicine in Asia. Ten sesquiterpenes (1–10) and two curcuminoids (11 and 12) were isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. and identified. The compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP). Among them, the sesquiterpene (4S,5S)-(+)-germacrone-4,5-epoxide (7) inhibited certain subtypes of CYP more potently than or at levels comparable to the curcuminoids curcumin (11) and demethoxycurcumin (12); 7 (IC50 = 1.0 ± 0.2 μM) > 12 (IC50 = 7.0 ± 1.7 μM) > 11 (IC50 = 14.9 ± 1.4 μM) for CYP3A4 inhibition; 12 (IC50 = 1.4 ± 0.2 μM) >&nbs... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4442863 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 21:06:19 +0100 4442863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4400981&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh612k6142q61uhl2%2F This study confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of D-002 and demonstrated its analgesic effects on the acetic acid-induced writhing, but not on the hot plate response, which suggests that the antinociceptive effects of D-002 could be related to its anti-inflammatory activity. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0496-4Authors Yazmin Ravelo, Pharmacology Department, Centre of Natural Products, National Centre for Scientific Research, 198 Ave Between 19 and 21 sts., Atabey, Playa, Havana, CubaVivian Molina, Pharmacology Department, Centre of Natural Products, National Centre for Scientific Research, 198 Ave Between 19 and 21 sts., Atabey, Playa, Havana, CubaDaisy Carbajal, Pharmacology Department, Centre of Natural Products, National Centre for Scientific R... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4400981 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 20:30:32 +0100 4400981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4400982&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk96h36494010t5m1%2F Abstract  A new trans-clerodane diterpenoid, laevigatbenzoate (1), was isolated from the leaves of Croton laevigatus Vahl. Its structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by application of the CD excitation chirality method. This compound showed weak cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, with an IC50 value of 45.4 μM. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0503-9Authors Guo-An Zou, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of ChinaHong-Wu Zhang, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 People�... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4400982 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 15:37:28 +0100 4400982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4383463&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv156832x13403507%2F Abstract  It is well known that inflammation is associated with various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. An inflammatory mediator, nitric oxide (NO), is produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in microglia and seems to be one of the possible causes of neurodegeneration. Several natural and synthetic compounds which exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO production have been reported to date. The aim of this work was to investigate whether any of the 6 terpenoid coumarins (methyl galbanate, galbanic acid, farnesiferol A, badrakemone, umbelliprenin, and aurapten) isolated from Ferula szowitsiana DC. have inhibitory activity against NO production in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4383463 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 19:37:56 +0100 4383463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4373627&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F92jj07567t348333%2F Abstract  Two phenylhexane derivatives (1, 2), benzoylergostane (3), N-benzoyl-l-leucine methyl ester (4), two known ergostanes, and highly degraded incisterol were isolated from fruit bodies of Agaricus blazei. Compound 3 exhibited strong cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells (IC50 = 6.0 ± 0.33 μM). Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0495-5Authors Yumi Ueguchi, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanKatsuyoshi Matsunami, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanHideaki Otsuka, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biom... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4373627 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 06:47:58 +0100 4373627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4373629&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F03q8913855x5713j%2F Abstract  Water extract of Korean red ginseng (KRGW) contains numerous bioactive ginsenosides and is very popular as a multi-purpose medicine for health improvement. KRGW has been in the limelight because of its clinical benefit in cancer control. A growing body of evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays critical roles in tumor promotion under hypoxia and that it is a compelling target for cancer therapy. In this paper we investigated the effect of KRGW on HIF-1-mediated adaptation to hypoxia. In both Hep3B cancer and HEK293 immortalized normal cell lines, KRGW attenuated the expression of hypoxia-induced genes without apparent cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, KRGW did not affect the synthesis, degradation, and translocation of HIF-1 in hypoxia. Intere... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4373629 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 06:47:56 +0100 4373629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4373628&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0328121p3152v044%2F Abstract  A new phenylethanoid glycoside, rashomoside A (1), a new phenolic glucoside, rashomoside B (2), and a new shikimic acid derivative (3) were isolated from Meehania urticifolia together with 12 known flavones (4–15), three known phenylethanoid glycosides (16–18), and 13 other compounds (19–31). The structure of each of these compounds was elucidated based on the results of spectroscopic analysis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0501-yAuthors Toshihiro Murata, Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558 JapanToshio Miyase, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526 JapanFumihiko Yoshizaki, Department of Pha... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4373628 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 06:47:56 +0100 4373628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356531&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb2k3p052k3x3n8j7%2F Abstract  A chemical investigation of the chloroform extract of the roots of Uvaria welwitschii (Annonaceae), an African traditional medicine taken for stomach ache, led to the isolation of eight new compounds, named welwitschins A–H (1–8), together with five known compounds (9–13). The structural elucidation by spectroscopic studies of the compounds isolated is described. All new compounds were flavonoids having a 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl moiety in the A-ring, and unsubstituted phenyl in the B-ring. Four of them (1–4) were monomeric flavonoids while the others (5–8) were dimeric flavonoids. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells was investigated. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11418... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356531 Fri, 14 Jan 2011 14:28:59 +0100 4356531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4327405&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3532w73215717t71%2F This study indicates that the proposed method is useful for analyzing OCPs in American ginseng. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0500-zAuthors Jianwei Wu, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, ChinaYougang Liu, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300193 Tianjin, ChinaRunhuai Zhao, Technology Development Center, China National Group Corporation of Traditional and Herbal Medicine, 102600 Beijing, ChinaRong Xu, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 100193 Beijing, China Journal Journal of Natural MedicinesOnline ISSN 1861-0293Print ISSN 1340-3443 (Source: Journal of Natural Medicin... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4327405 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 06:50:46 +0100 4327405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4327404&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb701871rm08u4605%2F Abstract  Trichodermanin A, a structurally unique diterpenoid with skeletal carbons arranged compactly in a fused 6-5-6-6 ring system, has been isolated from cultures of Trichoderma atroviride (strain no. S361), an endophytic fungus isolate in Cephalotaxus fortunei. The structure of this compound was elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic methods and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0499-1Authors Pei-Xin Sun, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of ChinaCheng-Jian Zheng, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Re... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4327404 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 06:50:46 +0100 4327404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4327406&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft650412665h381u1%2F In this study, the antioxidant effects of Joongpoongtang 05 (JP05) were evaluated in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Male Sprague–Dawley rats treated with JP05 (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) for 5 days showed a reduction in infarct sizes and a decrease in oxidants after MCAO. Furthermore, a significant inhibition of enzymatic antioxidants in the ischemic cerebral cortex was observed. Treatment with JP05 reversed the inhibition to normal levels. In the glutathione system, the reduced glutathione (GSH) level was decreased while oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was increased in MCAO rats. Treatment with JP05 increased the GSH/GSSG ratio and redox index by enhancing the synthesis of GSH from GSSG. Moreover, in vitro studies showed that JP05 has strong antioxida... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4327406 Fri, 07 Jan 2011 06:50:45 +0100 4327406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4301065&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv51448171w213383%2F Abstract  A systematic high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection (HPLC–DAD) method was developed for the rapid, accurate, and simultaneous quantification of eight marker compounds, paeoniflorin, 6-gingerol, decursin, glycyrrhizin, cinnamic acid, hesperidin, poncirin and magnolol, in Ojeok-san, a traditional Korean herbal medicine. These compounds were separated in less than 50 min using a Dionex C18 column with a gradient elution system of water and methanol at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. All calibration curve of standard components showed excellent linearity (R 2 > 0.9922). Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.01 to 0.11 μg/ml and 0.03 to 0.34 μg/ml, respectively. The relative stan... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4301065 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 15:14:03 +0100 4301065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4301067&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F319083892059400h%2F Abstract  To investigate the effects of Eriobotrya japonica seed extract (ESE) on cellular aging, intracellular calcium homeostasis in young and senescent cells was analyzed using a rat fibroblast culture as an in vitro model system and a calcium imaging technique. The application of bradykinin (BK) transiently elicited intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) increased in most of the young fibroblasts, whereas these responses were scarcely observed or were significantly attenuated in senescent cells. However, the long-term treatment of senescent cells with ESE (for 7 days) dose-dependently increased the amplitude of BK-induced responses and the percentage of BK-responding cells. In particular, most senescent cells could respond to BK with long-term treatment with ESE (1.0% or ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4301067 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 15:14:00 +0100 4301067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4301066&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3711880w3653w7j%2F Abstract  Berberine, palmatine, and coptisine are major pharmacologically active protoberberine alkaloids in Coptidis Rhizoma, and have been used as indices for chemical evaluation of the crude drug. 1H-NMR spectroscopy was applied to determination of purities of commercial reagents of protoberberine alkaloids. The purities of the alkaloids were calculated from the ratios of the intensities of the H-13 singlet signal at about δ 8.7 ppm of target protoberberine alkaloids to integration of a hexamethyldisilane (HMD) signal at 0 ppm. The concentration of HMD was corrected with SI traceability using potassium hydrogen phthalate of certified reference material (CRM) grade. The purity of the reagent estimated by the 1H-NMR was, in general, lower than that claimed by the... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4301066 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 15:14:00 +0100 4301066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4301068&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Frk144062m6771837%2F Abstract  Five new phenylpropanoid glycosides, paraboside A, paraboside B, paraboside I, paraboside II and paraboside III along with the three known phenylethanoids, nuomioside A, caleolarioside B, isonuomioside A have been isolated from the whole plants of Paraboea glutinosa. The structures of the new compounds have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0493-7Authors Xiaoqin Wang, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 People’s Republic of ChinaLi Li, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 People’s Republic of ChinaZhenfang Bai, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102 People’s Republic of ChinaYong Peng, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chine... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4301068 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 15:13:58 +0100 4301068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4295985&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb617k317x56h67q2%2F Abstract  The methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and isolated mice macrophages using a luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. We also tested the effect of the extracts on chemotactic migration of PMNs using the Boyden chamber technique. The extracts of Curcuma domestica L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn and C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. were the samples producing the strongest oxidative burst of PMNs with luminol-based chemiluminescence, with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 μg/ml. For macrophage cells, the extracts which showed strong suppressive activity for luminol-based chemiluminescence were C. xanthorrhiza and... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4295985 Fri, 24 Dec 2010 07:02:08 +0100 4295985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4289174&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg2832l33233l41x5%2F Abstract  Three new spirotrifuranocoumarins, canditririns C–E (1–3), a new spirotetrafuranocoumarin, canditetrarin A (4), and a new tetrafuranocoumarin, canditetrarin B (5), were isolated from the roots of Heracleum candicans Wall. Their structures were established using spectral methods. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0488-4Authors Masahiko Taniguchi, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, JapanAtsuko Inoue, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, JapanMakio Shibano, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, JapanNian-He Wang, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Academia Sinica, Nanjing, 20014 China... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4289174 Wed, 22 Dec 2010 20:21:48 +0100 4289174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4254241&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F06rt84175370h153%2F In this study, we revealed the objective taste of PAR by using a taste-sensing system. The PAR samples examined were classified into four types by how the samples were processed: PAR1 processed by autoclaving; PAR2-a processed by autoclaving after rinsing in salt (sodium chloride) solution; PAR2-h processed by heating after rinsing in calcium chloride solution; PAR3 processed by treating with hydrated lime after rinsing in salt solution. The most characteristic taste factor of PAR is an aftertaste of cationic bitterness, which was detected in all PAR sample solutions, even at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. In addition, anionic bitterness and saltiness were detected in all sample solutions at 1 mg/ml. Furthermore, umami was detected in the PAR1, PAR2-a, and PAR3 sample solu... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4254241 Fri, 10 Dec 2010 18:18:04 +0100 4254241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4254242&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl41711kj3003003t%2F This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of Acorus calamus (AC) in tibial and sural nerve transection (TST)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. The hot plate, paw heat allodynia, acetone drop, and pinprick tests were performed to assess the degree of heat hyperalgesia, heat and cold allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia, respectively, at different time intervals, i.e., day 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21. The tissue superoxide anion and total calcium were measured as markers of oxidative stress. Tissue myeloperoxidase activity was measured as a specific marker of inflammation. Histopathological evaluation was also performed in the nervous tissue to assess the axonal degeneration. Pregabalin served as positive control in this study. T... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4254242 Thu, 09 Dec 2010 17:53:02 +0100 4254242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4249762&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn42342807g551835%2F This study revealed that yokukansan shows anxiolytic effects not only in normal animals but also in cerebrovascular model rats. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0487-5Authors Ai Nogami, Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 JapanYuri Sakata, Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 JapanNaoki Uchida, Department of Psychiatry, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 JapanKazuko Yamaguchi, Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka,... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4249762 Wed, 08 Dec 2010 18:14:28 +0100 4249762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4180134&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuj881g010mt00287%2F Abstract  The CHCl3 fraction of Cnidium monnieri fruits significantly inhibited the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in an in-vitro assay system employing HSC-T6 hepatic stellate cell lines. Activity-guided fractionation of the CHCl3 fraction of C. monnieri led to the isolation of ten coumarins: osthol (1), meranzin (2), auraptenol (3), meranzin hydrate (4), 7-hydroxy-8-methoxy coumarin (5), imperatorin (6), xanthotoxol (7), xanthotoxin (8), bergapten (9) and isopimpinellin (10). Of these, compounds 1 and 6 significantly inhibited proliferation of HSCs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, compounds 1 and 6 significantly reduced collagen content in HSC-T6 cells. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0485-7Authors Eunjin Shin, Coll... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4180134 Tue, 16 Nov 2010 19:30:45 +0100 4180134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4180135&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft45738377p0632t4%2F Abstract  Leaves of Rubus suavissimus S. Lee (Rosaceae) are used to prepare tiencha or sweet tea, which is helpful for body weight control by restricting calorie intake in obese patients. Obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, and a possible approach to treatment is to promote early adipogenesis in adipose tissue, thereby leading to replacement of enlarged adipocytes that secrete inflammatory factors with small adipocytes.We therefore investigated the effect of extract of tiencha leaves on early adipogenesis by using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes as a model. Tiencha extract significantly and concentration-dependently increased adipogenesis measured in terms of lipid accumulation by means of Oil Red O assay and increased the expression of adiponectin and leptin. In the early... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4180135 Tue, 16 Nov 2010 19:30:43 +0100 4180135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176325&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff0wn673574552740%2F Abstract  A rapid method that does not require a complicated preparation was developed for determining by HPLC the content of atropine (At) and scopolamine (Sc) in a sample of scopolia extract powder. The sample solution for HPLC was extracted using 0.1 mol/L HCl/methanol (8:2). At and Sc were separated using a pentafluorophenylpropyl column and detected at a wavelength of 210 nm. Acetonitrile–10 mmol/L ammonium acetate adjusted to pH 5.0 (8:2, v/v) was used as the mobile phase. The linearity was good in the 5.0–500 μg/mL range for At and 0.5–500 μg/mL range for Sc. The specificity for both At and Sc was satisfactory. The quantitation limits were 5.0 μg/mL for At and 0.5 μg/mL for Sc. The quantitative values of total alkaloid calc... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176325 Sat, 13 Nov 2010 06:47:39 +0100 4176325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176328&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6220420l243270x6%2F Abstract  Two new flavonol glycosides were isolated from the 1-butanol (1-BuOH)-soluble fraction of a methanol (MeOH) extract of the leaves of Indigofera zollingeriana, along with four flavonol glycosides and three known megastigmane glucosides. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses as kaempferol 3-O-β-d-(2″-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl)glucopyranoside 7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside and 3-O-β-d-(2″-O-β-d-apiofuranosyl, 6″-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)glucopyranoside 7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0482-xAuthors Aya Hisaeda, Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanKatsuyoshi Matsunami, Department ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176328 Sat, 13 Nov 2010 06:47:38 +0100 4176328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176327&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn64442lm77ju53h7%2F In conclusion, S. crispa could ameliorate cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction by promoting recovery of Akt-dependent eNOS phosphorylation and increasing NO production in the cerebral cortex. S. crispa may be useful for preventing stroke and hypertension. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0475-9Authors Hisae Yoshitomi, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8179, JapanEmiko Iwaoka, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hyogo University of Health Science, Hyogo, JapanMasahide Kubo, Katsuragi Industry Co. Ltd, Wakayama, JapanMasaru Shibata, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Mie, JapanMing Gao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nish... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176327 Sat, 13 Nov 2010 06:47:38 +0100 4176327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4176326&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn51p00542w801242%2F Abstract  From the 1-BuOH-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of the leaves of Guettarda speciosa L., two new compounds (1, 2) were isolated together with six known compounds. Spectroscopic analysis of 1 and 2 established their structures to be derivatives of a glycerol α-glucuronide and a megastigmane glycoside, respectively. HPLC analysis of the hydrolyzate of 1 confirmed the presence of d-glucuronic acid in the structure, and the modified Mosher’s method established the absolute structure of 2. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0484-8Authors Wen-Hu Cai, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553 JapanKatsuyoshi Matsunami, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4176326 Sat, 13 Nov 2010 06:47:38 +0100 4176326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4135673&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6131g2765pj7702k%2F Abstract   Voacanga africana (Apocynaceae) is used as an anti-diarrheal medicine in West Africa. In the present study, we investigated the effect of an extract of V. africana and its constituents on smooth muscle contraction induced by capsaicin in mouse rectum, where transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1)-immunoreactive fibers are abundant. Methanol and alkaloid extracts of the root bark of V. africana were found to inhibit capsaicin-induced contraction in a dose-dependent manner (30–300 μg/ml). Major constituents isolated from the alkaloid extract were then studied for their effects on the capsaicin-induced contraction. The main active constituents were found to be Iboga-type alkaloids, including voacangine (1), 3-oxovoacangine (2), voacristine (3), ... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4135673 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 17:59:12 +0100 4135673 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4135674&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5624jn5t3654u827%2F Abstract  Senegasaponins [senegin II (1), senegin III (2), senegin IV (3), senegasaponin a (4), and senegasaponin b (5)] from Polygala senega were re-discovered as selective anti-proliferative substances against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Senegasaponins (1–5) showed anti-proliferative activity against HUVECs with IC50 values in the range 0.6–6.2 μM, and the selective index was 7–100-fold in comparison with those for several cancer cell lines, while the desacyl mixture of senegasaponins (6) and tenuifolin (7) lost anti-proliferative activity, indicating that the 28-O-glycoside moiety and methoxycinnamoyl group were essential for the HUVEC-selective growth inhibition of senegasaponins. Senegin III (2) inhibited the vascular endothelial growth fa... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4135674 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 17:59:10 +0100 4135674 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4135675&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvj1553q675757140%2F Abstract  Hydrolysis of oleoside-type secoiridoid glucosides, oleuropein (1) and ligustroside (2), in the presence of β-glucosidase provided their aglycones, named (5S,8R,9S)-7-3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl elenolate (3) and (5S,8R,9S)-7-4-hydroxyphenethyl elenolate (4), respectively. The structures of 3 and 4 were identified by spectroscopic means and optical rotation measurements. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitory activities of compounds 1–4 showed that compounds 3 and 4 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against a disease-oriented panel of 39 human cancer cell lines in vitro, whereas compound 3 inhibited the enzyme. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s11418-010-0476-8Authors Masafumi Kikuchi, Department of... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4135675 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 17:59:09 +0100 4135675 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4120553&cid=s_33359_13_f&fid=33359&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn6577m63847m6441%2F Abstract  A quantitative analytical method for the highly polar sulfonium pseudo-sugar constituents neosalacinol (3) and neokotalanol (4), another two potent α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from Ayurvedic traditional medicine Salacia species, was developed by employing an ion pair reagent upon chromatographic separation. The optimum conditions for separation and detection of these two constituents were achieved on an ODS column (3-µm particle size, 2.1-mm i.d. × 100 mm) with 5 mM undecafluorohexanoic acid–MeOH (99:1, v/v) as the mobile phase and using MS equipped with an electrospray ionization source. More than ten samples of Salacia from different origins were analyzed, and the results indicated that the assay was reproducible and precise and could... Journal of Natural Medicines journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4120553 Wed, 27 Oct 2010 16:16:32 +0100 4120553