MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Occupational Health Psychology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 08:40:39 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548597&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F-OVjAbYPd4o%2F115 Reports an error in "Promoting safety voice with safety-specific transformational leadership: The mediating role of two dimensions of trust" by Stacey M. Conchie, Paul J. Taylor and Ian J. Donald ( Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , Advanced Online Publication, Aug 29, 2011, np). The affiliation of author Paul J. Taylor was incorrectly listed as University of Liverpool. The correct affiliation is Lancaster University. All versions of this article have been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2011-19068-001 .) Although safety-specific transformational leadership is known to encourage employee safety voice behaviors, less is known about what makes this style of leadership effective. We tested a model that links safety-specific transformatio... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548597 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548593&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FQ9vqFt454Ck%2F65 A general model of workplace prejudice acts, their antecedents, and their consequences is proposed and examined in the context of racial/ethnic harassment and discrimination (REHD). Antecedents proposed and tested here include context and climate, whereas consequences proposed and tested here include work, supervisor, and opportunity satisfaction and turnover intentions. The theoretical model is first tested and cross-validated in two ethnically diverse subsamples (approximately 2,000 each). Then, hierarchical multigroup modeling was conducted to determine whether the relationships among REHD, its antecedents, and its outcomes are equivalent across five racial/ethnic groups (N = 1,000 per group) in the U.S. military. This addresses the issue of differential exposure (i.e., varying amounts ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548593 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548589&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F5EnLAOnZpV8%2F15 Using a multilevel framework, this study examined the role of empowering leadership at the group level by fire brigade captains in facilitating the individual level motivational processes that underpin work engagement in volunteer firefighters. Anonymous mail surveys were completed by 540 volunteer firefighters from 68 fire brigades and, separately, by 68 brigade captains. As predicted on the basis of the Job Demands-Resources model, increased levels of cognitive demands and cognitive resources partially mediated the relationship between empowering leadership and work engagement. In a three-way Leadership × Demands × Resources interaction, empowering leadership also had the effect of optimizing working conditions for engagement by strengthening the positive effect of a work context in wh... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548589 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548595&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FmNxNkglnu5A%2F93 The negative impact of unemployment on subjective well-being (SWB) is well known, but the role of age in this relationship remains unclear. We suggest that cumulative advantage (or disadvantage) associated with the duration of current employment status may produce an age-related divergence in SWB between employed and unemployed individuals. We used cross-sectional data on employed (n = 1382) and unemployed (n = 254) Germans (age 18–42) surveyed in 2005. We found that, among currently employed individuals, relatively older age predicted longer employment duration (tenure), which was related to higher SWB via higher income and higher perceived occupational security. Among currently unemployed individuals, age predicted longer unemployment duration, which was associated with lower SWB via l... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548595 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548591&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FDfyPWq3dXM8%2F41 Although the concept of family-supportive organization perceptions has been well received in the literature, the actual construct has been relatively understudied. In the present study, we accomplish two goals. First using confirmatory factor analysis, we report on the validation of an abbreviated six-item measure of family-supportive organization perceptions that demonstrates limited measurement error. Second, we link role theory, social support resource theory, and the direct effects model of social support, to suggest that the way in which family-supportive organization perceptions affect work–family conflict is via experiences of domain overload. Contrary to the direct effects model of social support, family-supportive organization perceptions do not differentially impact work and fa... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548591 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548590&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fc7EniD3VS0s%2F28 The goal of the current study was to test a model where organizational resources (aimed at managing work and family responsibilities) predict job attitudes and supervisor ratings of performance through the mechanisms of work–family conflict and work–family enrichment. Employees (n = 174) at a large metropolitan hospital were surveyed at two time periods regarding perceptions of family supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB), family supportive organizational perceptions (FSOP), bidirectional work–family conflict, bidirectional work–family enrichment, and job attitudes. Supervisors were also asked to provide performance ratings at Time 2. Results revealed FSSB at Time 1 predicted job satisfaction, organizational commitment and intention to leave, as well as supervisor ratings of perfo... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548590 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548598&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FWKoVhWvFdAI%2F116 The current study examines the moderating effect of customer service orientation and emotional energy on the stress–performance relationship for 681 U.S. casual dining restaurant employees. Customer service orientation was hypothesized to moderate the stress–performance relationship for Front-of-House (FOH) workers. Emotional energy was hypothesized to moderate stress–performance for Back-of-House (BOH) workers. Contrary to expectations, customer service orientation failed to moderate the effects of stress on performance for FOH employees, but the results supported that customer service orientation is likely a mediator of the relationship. However, the hypothesis was supported for BOH workers; emotional energy was found to moderate stress performance for these employees. This finding... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548598 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548594&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F4nf4JgqEaeQ%2F79 Types of perpetrators of workplace aggression can vary considerably, and recent research has demonstrated that aggression from different perpetrator categories has different implications for victims. We extended research on multifoci aggression and explored affective and cognitive pathways linking verbal aggression from four perpetrator types—supervisors, coworkers, customers, and significant others—and employee morale and turnover intention. Data from a sample of 446 working adults indicated that both emotional strain and employees' corresponding judgments of their social exchange relationships with these perpetrators served as the mechanisms for the association between aggression from supervisors, coworkers, and customers and morale and turnover intention. Coworker aggression had a d... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548594 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5548594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548592&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Ft2Aq5RVvLhA%2F52 Due to demographic changes, a growing number of employees provide in-home care to an elderly family member. Previous research suggested a negative relationship between employees' eldercare demands and their work performance. However, the empirical nature of this relationship and its boundary conditions and mediating mechanisms have been neglected. The goal of this multisource study was to examine a mediated-moderation model of eldercare demands, mental health, and work performance. Drawing on the theory of conservation of resources (Hobfoll, 1989), it was expected that employees' satisfaction with eldercare tasks would buffer the negative relationship between eldercare demands and work performance, and that mental health would mediate this moderating effect. Data were collected from 165 em... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548592 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5548592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266588&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FG8T2S_v4dTY%2F441 We investigated the role of neuroticism in the associations between job stress and working adults' social behavior during the first hour after work with their spouse and school-age children. Thirty dual-earner families were videotaped in their homes on two weekday afternoons and evenings. An observational coding system was developed to assess behavioral involvement and negative emotion expression. Participants also completed self-report measures of job stressors and trait neuroticism. There were few overall associations between job stress and social behavior during the first hour adults were at home with their spouse and school-age children. However, significant moderator effects indicated that linkages between work experiences and family behavior varied for men who reported different leve... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266588 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266586&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fc6guEx0sAmA%2F406 An online survey was conducted on a national sample of United States professors to examine emotional labor and its relationship to work outcomes. Participants were queried on genuine, faking, and suppressing emotional expression facets of emotional labor, as well as emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and affective commitment. The sample of 598 included 71 instructors, 177 assistant professors, 168 associate professors, and 182 professors. A path analysis was conducted testing two models of emotional labor. Results supported a model indicating significant direct relationships between emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. Additionally, the relationship between emotional labor and affective commitment was mediated by emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. Genui... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266586 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548596&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FW1x_Foh4VMM%2F105 [Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 17(1) of Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (see record 2011-29717-003 ). The affiliation of author Paul J. Taylor was incorrectly listed as University of Liverpool. The correct affiliation is Lancaster University. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Although safety-specific transformational leadership is known to encourage employee safety voice behaviors, less is known about what makes this style of leadership effective. We tested a model that links safety-specific transformational leadership to safety voice through various dimensions of trust. Data from 150 supervisor-employee dyads from the United Kingdom oil industry supported our predictions that the effects of safety-specific transformational... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548596 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5548596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5548588&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fyj6UfxMv_F0%2F1 We describe this climate and how it differs from other work climates. We then propose that a work unit with a climate of authenticity should provide a self-regulatory break from emotional labor with patients, thus replenishing resources and buffering against strain from emotional labor. We tested this multilevel prediction by surveying 359 health care providers nested within 48 work units at a large, metropolitan hospital. We find that medical workers experiencing more mistreatment by patients are more likely to be managing emotions with patients, and this response further contributes to the employees' job-related burnout. As predicted, managing emotions with patients was unrelated to burnout for workers in a unit with a climate of authenticity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5548588 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5548588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266591&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FQEagF2mbb2w%2F483 This study examined the antecedents and correlates of presenteeism, absenteeism, and productivity loss attributed to presenteeism. Predictors included work context, personal characteristics, and work experiences. Business school graduates employed in a variety of work positions (N = 444) completed a Web-based survey. Presenteeism was positively associated with task significance, task interdependence, ease of replacement, and work to family conflict and negatively associated with neuroticism, equity, job security, internal health locus of control, and the perceived legitimacy of absence. Absenteeism was positively related to task significance, perceived absence legitimacy, and family to work conflict and negatively related to task interdependence and work to family conflict. Those high on n... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266591 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266590&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FTz87rrt_wK0%2F468 Building on Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory and Meijman and Mulder's Effort-Recovery Model, the present study examined the nature, antecedents, and consequences of working hard (i.e., workaholism and work engagement) in a Dutch convenience sample of 1,246 employees. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that workaholism and work engagement were two largely independent concepts. Crossing these two concepts yielded four types of workers: workaholic employees, engaged employees, engaged workaholics, and nonworkaholic/nonengaged employees. MANOVA and subsequent ANOVAs were used to compare these four groups regarding their motivation, working hours, and levels of burnout. As expected, study results revealed that workaholic employees were driven by controlled motivation, whereas engage... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266590 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266592&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FWsqe5RTe1nk%2F501 This paper examines the mechanisms by which PHLAME (Promoting Healthy Lifestyles: Alternative Models' Effects), a health promotion intervention, improved healthy eating and exercise behavior among firefighters, a population at high risk for health problems due to occupational hazards. In a randomized trial, 397 firefighters participated in either the PHLAME team intervention with their work shift or a control condition. Intervention sessions taught benefits of a healthy diet and regular exercise, and sought to improve social norms and social support from coworkers for healthy behavior. At posttest, team intervention participants had increased their fruit and vegetable consumption as compared to control participants. An increase in knowledge of fruit and vegetable benefits and improved diet... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266592 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266589&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fl0Bz9axfbm8%2F457 This study examined several antecedents of psychological detachment: work-home segmentation preference, perceived segmentation norm, and the use of communication technology at home. Results indicate that segmentation preference and segmentation norm were positively associated with psychological detachment. Further, technology use at home partially mediated these relationships. Findings indicate that segmenting work and nonwork roles can help employees detach and recover from work demands. In addition, findings show that the segmentation norm within a work group is associated with employee experiences outside of work. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266589 Mon, 04 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015747&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fs-qrDiwD6-c%2F361 This article provides a quantitative review of the link of emotional labor (emotion–rule dissonance, surface acting, and deep acting) with well-being and performance outcomes. The meta-analysis is based on 494 individual correlations drawn from a final sample of 95 independent studies. Results revealed substantial relationships of emotion–rule dissonance and surface acting with indicators of impaired well-being (ρs between .39 and .48) and job attitudes (ρs between −.24 and −.40) and a small negative relationship with performance outcomes (ρs between −.20 and −.05). Overall, deep acting displayed weak relationships with indicators of impaired well-being and job attitudes but positive relationships with emotional performance and customer satisfaction (ρs .18 and .37). A meta... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015747 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015746&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FD0GSgSJugz4%2F345 This three-wave 35-year prospective study used the Job Demands-Resources model and life course epidemiology to examine how life conditions in adolescence (1961–1963) through achieved educational level and working conditions in early adulthood (1985) may be indirectly related to job burnout 35 years later (1998). We used data (N = 511) from the Finnish Healthy Child study (1961–1963) to investigate the hypothesized relationships by employing structural equation modeling analyses. The results supported the hypothesized model in which both socioeconomic status and cognitive ability in adolescence (1961–1963) were positively associated with educational level (measured in 1985), which in turn was related to working conditions in early adulthood (1985). Furthermore, working conditions (198... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015746 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015745&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FER38l33z6sg%2F331 In this study we examine sleep during adaptation and readaptation to different shift work schedules in the offshore oil industry. The sleep of 19 offshore workers was assessed daily for 1 week before, during the work period, and for 1 week after 3 different work schedules: (1) day (14 consecutive days of work), (2) night (14 consecutive nights of work), and (3) swing shift work (first 7 nights with night work then 7 days of day work). The workers' sleep was assessed for 84 days. Actigraphy and sleep diary estimates of sleep was applied assessing: (1) adaptation to offshore shift work, (2) sleep across the 2 offshore work weeks, and (3) readaptation after the work period. Regarding adaptation, sleep efficiency was higher when working day than night and swing shift the first week of work. Sl... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015745 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015744&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F1SsV4h_Gw7w%2F313 The present study examines whether cognitive control deficits (CCDs) as a personal vulnerability factor amplify the relationship between emotional dissonance (ED; perceived discrepancy between felt and expressed emotions) and burnout symptoms (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) as well as absenteeism. CCDs refer to daily failures and impairments of attention regulation, impulse control, and memory. The prediction of the moderator effect of CCDs draws on the argument that portraying emotions which are not genuinely felt is a form of self-regulation taxing and depleting a limited resource capacity. Interindividual differences in the resource capacity are reflected by the measure of CCDs. Drawing on two German samples (one cross-sectional and one longitudinal sample; NTOTAL = 645) of... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015744 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015743&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FlRwM4TG-5Kk%2F297 Based on affective events theory (AET), we hypothesize a four-step model of the mediating mechanisms of positive mood and job satisfaction in the relationship between work-family enrichment and job performance. We test this model for both directions of enrichment (work-to-family and family-to-work). We used two samples to test the model using structural equation modeling. Results from Study 1, which included 240 full-time employees, were replicated in Study 2, which included 189 matched subordinate-supervisor dyads. For the work-to-family direction, results from both samples support our conceptual model and indicate mediation of the enrichment-performance relationship for the work-to-family direction of enrichment. For the family-to-work direction, results from the first sample support our... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015743 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015742&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F0YgmpfhWvQk%2F279 In the modern marketplace, especially when unemployment is high, more and more Americans find themselves overqualified (i.e., possessing more competencies than the job requires). Using and extending person-environment fit theory and the stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs), we examine whether overqualified employees are more likely to display CWBs than employees who feel their positions match their qualification levels. Further, we examine why overqualified employees may behave in counterproductive ways and compare the empirical viability of several theoretically derived competing mediators. Based on data from a sample of full-time employees (n = 215), we found that consistent with the theoretical frameworks, overqualified incumbents display nondesirable counte... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015742 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5015741&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FZ0i0_MC2h9Y%2F265 This study prospectively investigated the effects of psychological hardiness, job control, and job demands on medically certified sickness absence. Data from a questionnaire survey were combined with archival data for sickness absence among 7,239 civilian and military employees of the Norwegian Armed Forces (84.3% male, 69.8% military). A 2-component hurdle regression was used in the statistical analyses of the sickness absence data. After controlling for age, sex, and baseline absence, hardiness predicted both the likelihood of having any sickness absence (odds ratio = 0.97) and the number of absence spells (a 6.5% decrease in the expected count for 1 standard deviation change in hardiness). In addition, an interaction was found among hardiness, job control, and psychological demands. Whe... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5015741 Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5015741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266587&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F67Ljbp16auk%2F424 Interpersonal conflict (IC) at work is a frequently experienced type of workplace mistreatment that has been linked to a host of negative workplace outcomes. Previous research has shown that IC can have differential effects based on source, but this has not yet been investigated in terms of customer IC versus coworker IC. To remedy this oversight in the literature, we used a multimethod, multitime point design to compare IC from customers and coworkers experienced by 75 call center employees. Primarily, we investigated burnout, physical health symptoms, and task performance. Results indicated that customer IC was more strongly related to both personal and organizational outcomes. Additionally, trait anger was investigated as a moderator of these relationships, and the results indicated tha... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266587 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5266585&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F6mQY1PobC40%2F391 This exploratory study examines the nature of customer entitlement and its impact on front-line service employees. In an open-ended qualitative inquiry, 56 individuals with waitstaff experience described the types of behaviors entitled customers engage in and the kinds of service-related “perks” these individuals feel deserving of. Participants explained how they responded to entitled customers, how and when managers became involved, and how their dealings with these patrons influenced their subjective physical and psychological well-being. We found that the behaviors of entitled customers negatively impacted waitstaff employees. Participants reported physiological arousal, negative affect, burnout, and feelings of dehumanization as a result of dealing with these patrons. While respond... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5266585 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5266585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681548&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F0RHh_sVeDz4%2F247 Although studies have found evidence that certain workplace conditions in North American enterprises may serve as risk factors for alcohol and illicit drug use, little is known regarding the generalizability of these findings to enterprises in other countries. To address this gap, we collected data from a random sample of 569 blue-collar workers employed in nine different facilities of one of Israel's largest manufacturing firms. The results of zero-inflated Poisson and ordered probit regressions partly confirmed earlier findings reported in North America, with a heightened rate of a substance use among those perceiving (a) more permissive drinking norms, (b) lower supervisor ability to handle substance use problems, (c) greater exposure to job hazards, and (d) lower levels of coworker int... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681548 Sun, 03 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681547&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fm6yvxOijTXY%2F230 Although prior research points to the gendered nature of work and private routines, surprisingly few studies have explored the influence of gender on the sources of psychological well-being in retirement. Drawing on resource theories and theories on the gendered division of labor, this study examines how preretirement resources relate to retirees' psychological well-being by using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. It is hypothesized that possessing key resources prior to retirement as well as losing or gaining resources in the transition to retirement influence retirees' well-being and that these effects are partially conditioned by gender. Results indicate that preretirement physical health, tenacity in goal pursuit, and flexibility in goal adjustment are beneficial for men's an... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681547 Sun, 03 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681545&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FnCm7HIAPWUs%2F202 This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of a recovery training program on recovery experiences (psychological detachment from work, relaxation, mastery experiences, and control during off-job time), recovery-related self-efficacy, and well-being outcomes. The training comprised two sessions held one week apart. Recovery experiences, recovery-related self-efficacy, and well-being outcomes were measured before the training (T1) and one week (T2) and three weeks (T3) after the training. A training group consisting of 48 individuals and a waitlist control group of 47 individuals were compared (N = 95). Analyses of covariance revealed an increase in recovery experiences at T2 and T3 (for mastery only at T2). Recovery-related self-efficacy and sleep quality increased at T2 and T3, pe... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681545 Sun, 03 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681544&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FhTZkTQaprlU%2F201 Reports an error in "Change in job strain and progression of atherosclerosis: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study" by Tom Rosenström, Mirka Hintsanen, Mika Kivimäki, Markus Jokela, Markus Juonala, Jorma S. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari and Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen (Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2011[Jan], Vol 16[1], 139-150). The order of authorship was listed incorrectly. The correct order is listed in the correction. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2011-01470-011.) Evidence of the association between job strain, that is, a combination of high psychological demands and low job control, and markers of atherosclerosis is mixed, but few studies with repeat measures are available. The purpose of this study was to examine cross-section... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681544 Sun, 03 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681541&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FygVEOdB4a58%2F151 A literature review of studies analyzing work–family conflict and its consequences was conducted, and 427 effect sizes were analyzed meta-analytically. Work–family conflict was analyzed bidirectionally in terms of work interference with family (WIF) and family interference with work (FIW). We assessed 3 categories of potential outcomes: work-related outcomes, family-related outcomes, and domain-unspecific outcomes. Results show that WIF and FIW are consistently related to all 3 types of outcomes. Both types of interrole conflict showed stronger relationships to same-domain outcomes than to cross-domain outcomes. Thus, WIF was more strongly associated with work-related than with family-related outcomes, and FIW was more strongly associated with family-related than with work-related outc... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681541 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4681541 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427820&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F6RigT3Lmsq8%2F139 Evidence of the association between job strain, that is, a combination of high psychological demands and low job control, and markers of atherosclerosis is mixed, but few studies with repeat measures are available. The purpose of this study was to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between job strain and atherosclerosis. The participants were 335 men and 374 women from the prospective Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study (mean age 38.5 years). Two sequential measurements of job strain and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) were analyzed. No cross-sectional or longitudinal association between job strain and IMT was observed in women. In men, a cross-sectional association was found in 2001, but not in 2007. No dose-response effect was visible, nor a simple associatio... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427820 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427819&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FUH8uH6NKwOM%2F126 Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory is applied as a framework for understanding coping with work-family conflict. The effectiveness of four work-family coping strategies (i.e., preventive and episodic forms of both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping) is considered with emphasis on how the LMX relationship contributes to each form of coping with work interference with family. The LMX-based model of work-family coping accounts for the development of family-friendly work roles, use of organizational family-friendly policies, and the negotiation of flextime and flexplace accommodations. Constraints on the relationship between LMX and work-family coping associated with supervisor authority and resources and aspects of the organizational context are also discussed. Research and applied i... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427819 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427818&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fs4jaI10B28Y%2F112 This study among 426 Japanese couples working in different occupational sectors tested the hypothesis that perspective taking moderates the crossover of work engagement. More specifically, we predicted that husbands' work engagement would cross over to their wives, particularly when wives scored high on perspective taking (the spontaneous tendency to adopt the psychological perspective of other people). A similar effect was predicted from wives to husbands. In addition, we hypothesized that the crossover effect would be most pronounced when both partners were high in perspective taking (i.e., a 3-way interaction effect). The results of moderated structural equation modeling analyses confirmed the moderating role of perspective taking, but only for women; women who took the perspective of t... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427818 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427817&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FJDCVJHSsRdo%2F95 This study extended incivility research beyond the confines of the workplace by exploring the relationships between incivility, work-to-family conflict and family support. Data collected from 180 employees from various organizations in Singapore showed that incivility is not a rare phenomenon in Asian cultures. Employees experienced more incivility from superiors than coworkers or subordinates, and these experiences were related to different outcomes. Coworker-initiated incivility was associated with decreased coworker satisfaction, increased perceptions of unfair treatment, and increased depression. On the other hand, superior-initiated incivility was associated with decreased supervisor satisfaction and increased work-to-family conflict. Results also revealed that employees with high fam... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427817 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427816&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FK1odh_0HH4w%2F80 Using social information processing theory, we explore how interpersonally directed deviance affects work group members who observe or are aware of these insidious behaviors. In a field study, we find that indirect knowledge of work group member interpersonal deviance leads to subsequent interpersonal deviance of a focal individual. We also find that when work group cohesion is high, direct observation of deviance is more likely to result in subsequent bystander deviance. These findings add concretely to theory and research on the bystander effects of workplace deviance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427816 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427815&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FlDCT63LxfOw%2F67 Despite a widespread view that social norms have an important contextual influence on health attitudes and behaviors, the impact of normative influences on safety behaviors has received very little attention. The current study proposes that supervisors' and coworkers' descriptive and injunctive safety norms influence proactive and compliance safety behaviors. Longitudinal results from 132 workers in a passenger transportation company support the link between coworkers' descriptive safety norms (at Time 1) and proactive safety practices (at Time 2). Crystallization of supervisor' injunctive safety norms (at Time 2) moderated the effect of coworkers' descriptive safety norms (at Time 1) on self-reported proactive safety behavior (at Time 2). These findings emphasize the differences between s... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427815 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427814&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F8sAX1jUKrEI%2F48 This study examined psychological empowerment and organizational identification as outcomes of occupational context and predictors of occupational safety performance. In this study, 171 hospital employees from 17 units and 21 occupations completed surveys measuring psychological empowerment, organizational identification, and supervisor safety practices. They also completed measures of 2 dimensions of safety performance: use of personal protective equipment and safety participation. These data were merged with Occupational Information Network (O*NET) context ratings of occupational hazards and physical demands. Results indicated that occupational hazards were negatively related to individual-level psychological empowerment and organizational identification, which were in turn positively re... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427814 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427813&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FAz_c5S7Zd2A%2F38 Using a sample of Canadian Forces personnel (N = 490) returning from deployment in Afghanistan, we tested a model of reintegration experiences, with a focus on affective organizational commitment, support factors, posttraumatic stress symptoms, changes in alcohol use, and turnover intentions. The model provided an excellent fit to the data, although homecoming experiences were not associated with commitment as predicted. No differences emerged between novice (single tour) and experienced (multiple tours) personnel, although the number of tours was associated with increased affective commitment as expected. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427813 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427812&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F6l45PILj37U%2F18 We examined the influence of positive psychological capital (PsyCap), a metaconstruct that combines established psychological predispositions to be resilient to stress, on the well-being of soldiers during combat deployment. Among U.S. Army personnel deployed in Iraq, cognitive appraisal of stress mediated the effects of trait PsyCap on health symptoms. The indirect effects through appraisal were moderated by levels of exposure to potentially traumatic stimuli. Trait PsyCap covaried more strongly with cognitive appraisals, and had stronger indirect effects through appraisal on health, among soldiers in units with higher levels of potentially traumatic exposures. We discuss implications for research on resilience to trauma in the workplace and for helping workers cope with potentially traum... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427812 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427811&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F_jBc0PHNr-s%2F3 Longitudinal data from a stratified representative sample of U.S. Air Force personnel (N = 1009) deployed to the wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other locations were analyzed in this study. Using structural equation models, we examined the effects of war exposure on traumatic experiences, Post Traumatic Stress (PTS) symptoms, resource loss, and on subsequent functioning, perceived health, and on job and organizationally relevant outcomes. The job and organizational outcomes included job burnout, job involvement, job strain, job satisfaction, work-family conflict, organizational commitment, deployment readiness, and intention to reenlist. We found that deployment to the theater of the war increased risk of exposure to trauma, which in turn, predicted elevated PTS symptoms and resource loss. ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427811 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4427810&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F3fhuwhF_J7I%2F1 I had the rare privilege of being involved, along with some truly visionary colleagues (including Steve Sauter and Gwen Keita), in the creation of the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (JOHP) in 1994 and 1995. JOHP began with a dream we had at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the early 1980s and resulted from a strategic plan that we developed to advance behavioral science research in the area of occupational safety and health (Sauter, Murphy & Hurrell, 1990). I experienced the pride and absolute joy of seeing the first volume published in January of 1996, and I served as an Associate Editor for JOHP during the journal’s first six years of existence. Now, 15 years later, the journal has exceeded nearly all of our early expectations. This is, no doubt, ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4427810 Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4427810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681546&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FvimJyxdt4K8%2F217 The authors suggested and tested a model of the consequences of client-initiated workplace violence, introducing perceived prevention of violence and perceived coping ability as factors that reduce fear of future violence and mitigate negative personal and organizational consequences. Survey data from 330 frontline staff from job centers and social security offices were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The data supported the model and confirmed the central role of the fear of violence with regard to outcomes such as psychological and physical well-being or irritability. Results point further to perceived prevention of violence as an important factor that influences fear levels in different ways, predicts turnover intentions, and should therefore be considered when managers aim ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681546 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4681546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681543&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FtY_rh_qttKs%2F187 This study has two aims: (1) to investigate differences in psychosocial stressors and resources between immigrant and German low-wage workers, and (2) to examine group differences in their association with well-being using a structural equation modeling multiple group analysis approach. Eighty-nine immigrant and 146 German postmen of a German mail service company were surveyed. Results reveal more stressors in the social work environment for the immigrant workers than for their German coworkers but similar levels of task-related stressors in both groups. Stressors are more strongly associated with psychological distress among the German workers. In terms of resources, job control serves as a resource only among German workers, whereas supervisor and coworker support are more important for ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681543 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4681543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681542&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F1fzEWWFcLdg%2F170 Emotional labor theory has conceptualized emotional display rules as shared norms governing the expression of emotions at work. Using a sample of registered nurses working in different units of a hospital system, we provided the first empirical evidence that display rules can be represented as shared, unit-level beliefs. Additionally, controlling for the influence of dispositional affectivity, individual-level display rule perceptions, and emotion regulation, we found that unit-level display rules are associated with individual-level job satisfaction. We also showed that unit-level display rules relate to burnout indirectly through individual-level display rule perceptions and emotion regulation strategies. Finally, unit-level display rules also interacted with individual-level disposition... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681542 Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4681542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166306&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FtLI9zXLZfD8%2F505 Models of emotional labor suggest that emotional labor leads to strain and affects job performance. Although the link between emotional labor, strain, and performance has been well documented in cross-sectional field studies, not much is known about the causal direction of relationships between emotional labor, strain, and performance. Goal of the present study was therefore to test the direction of effects in a two-wave longitudinal panel study using a sample of 151 trainee teachers. Longitudinal lagged effects were tested using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that the emotional labor strategy of surface acting led to increases in subsequent strain while deep acting led to increases in job performance. In contrast, there was no indication of reverse causation: Neither strai... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166306 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166306 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166305&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FtUAhr1j7kZY%2F494 A great number of teachers find teaching fulfilling and are dedicated to it, but others feel emotionally exhausted, indicating that the interaction with pupils can be emotionally demanding. Emotional labor was shown to play an important role for the health of teachers. In a full two-wave longitudinal study over the period of 1 year, the effect of emotional labor on emotional exhaustion and dedication of 102 teachers was investigated. Teachers who were able to influence their emotions to feel the emotion appropriate in a situation (so called deep acting) felt significantly less emotionally exhausted after 1 year. From this result, deep acting can, thus, be characterized as health-beneficial. Once teachers felt emotionally exhausted, they used more surface acting. More dedicated teachers, on... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166305 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166304&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F1RW4__UEojw%2F482 The present study of 334 United Kingdom trackside workers tested an interaction hypothesis. We hypothesized, drawing on the job demands-resources framework, that perceived support for safety (from senior managers, supervisors, and coworkers) as job resources would weaken the relationship between higher job demands and more frequent hazardous work events. Consistent with social impact theory, we predicted that perceived coworker support for safety would be particularly influential when trackside workers faced higher job demands. Moderated multiple regression showed that, of all three sources of perceived support for safety, perceived coworker support for safety was most important for keeping employees safe in the face of high job demands. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights r... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166304 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166303&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FoZ2Ds3U-mdM%2F468 Because of the large number of people employed in service occupations, customer incivility has become an increasingly prevalent and important workplace stressor. Unfortunately, relatively little research has examined the effects of customer incivility; of the research that does exist, virtually all of it has focused solely on employee mental health outcomes. The present study was designed to replicate previous research linking customer incivility to the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout and to expand on previous research by examining the effects of customer incivility on customer service quality. In addition, two models were proposed and tested in which emotional labor mediated the relationship between customer incivility and outcomes. Data from 120 bank tellers revealed that custo... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166303 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166302&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FMS7WXlp8u4g%2F452 Organizational constraints is an important source of job stress. To study the relations between organizational constraints and four indices of job strains in cross-cultural work settings, both self-report and coworker-report data were collected from university employees in two culturally dissimilar countries: China and the United States. As predicted, U.S. university employees reported more interpersonal constraints than did their Chinese counterparts. No country difference was found for job context constraints. Both self-report and coworker-report data revealed significant correlations between organizational constraints and job strains in both countries. Country moderated the relations between interpersonal constraints and negative emotions/job satisfaction/voluntary lateness, with strong... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166302 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166301&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FTa2nm2tdsJw%2F434 Drawing on the mobilization-minimization hypothesis, this research examines the influence of positive job experiences and generalized workplace harassment (GWH) on employee job stress and well-being over time, postulating declines in the adverse influence of GWH between Time 1 and 2 and less pronounced declines in the influence of positive job experiences over this same timeframe of approximately one year. A national sample of 1,167 workers polled via telephone at two time periods illustrates that negative job experiences weigh more heavily on mental health than do positive job experiences in the short-term. In the long-term, GWH's association with mental health and job stress was diminished. But its effects on job stress, and mental health, and physical health persist over one year, and, ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166301 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166300&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FKGxprRGQ0iw%2F421 This study seeks to determine the relationship between psychological capital and an employee's eudaimonic and hedonic well-being. Panel data were collected from 102 extension agents over a 2-week interval. In addition, daily surveys were collected from 67 of the participants. Results from the panel data indicated that the relation between psychological capital and hedonic well-being, measured two weeks later, is mediated by eudaimonic well-being. Results from the daily surveys found that daily eudaimonic work well-being was significantly associated with both daily positive mood and daily life satisfaction and that variance in eudaimonic work well-being was predicted by one's psychological capital. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166300 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166299&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FMYanppxj5i4%2F409 The authors examined whether early employer response to workplace injury affects injured workers' subsequent attitudes and mental health. At 1 month and 6 months postinjury, telephone surveys were conducted with 344 workers from Ontario, Canada, who had experienced a musculoskeletal lost-time workplace injury. One-month reports of initial supervisor reaction to the injury and the use of workplace-based return-to-work strategies (early contact with worker, ergonomic assessment, presence of designated coordinator, accommodation offer) were hypothesized to predict reports of fairness, affective commitment, and depressive symptoms measured at 6 months postinjury. Structural equation modeling supported a model wherein fairness perceptions fully mediated the relationship between early responses ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166299 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166298&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fckb274qpOs4%2F399 Musculoskeletal (MS) pain is highly prevalent in the working population, often resulting in chronic disability. Burnout represents accumulated exposure to work-related stresses and therefore could predict the incidence of MS pain. We investigated prospectively the extent to which changes in the levels of burnout over time predict new cases of MS pain. Participants were 1,704 apparently healthy employed men and women who underwent periodic health examination at three points of time (T1, T2, and T3), over a period of about three years. We used the T1 to T2 changes in the levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety to predict the onset of new cases of MS pain between T2 and T3, while controlling for possible confounders. Logistic regression results indicated that the T1–T2 change in... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166298 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166297&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F6yg2Di3zOQU%2F388 Observing others entitlement behavior can create a stressful work context fraught with accompanying strain consequences. The present investigation examined the interactive effects of perceived entitlement behavior by others and political skill on job tension in three samples (N = 440, 167, and 140, respectively) designed to establish a consistent pattern of results. Specifically, perceived entitlement behavior by others was hypothesized to predict heightened levels of job tension in the absence of political skill. Conversely, for those with high levels of political skill, perceived entitlement behavior by others was predicted to demonstrate little relationship with job tension. Across samples, hypothesized relationships received support, as political skill was found to be a significant mod... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166297 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166296&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F-oTyeIXEoMg%2F371 Based on boundary theory and conservation of resources theory, we argue that employees with a spouse in the same occupation or workplace (referred to as work-linked couples) enhance the effectiveness of spousal instrumental support in reducing emotional exhaustion. In the first study of nurses (n = 103), we found that work-linked couples have more highly integrated work and family roles than participants whose spouses did not share an occupation or workplace. In a second study of working adults (n = 484), we found that work-linked couples have a stronger relationship between spouse instrumental support and the reduction of emotional exhaustion; this moderated relationship was mediated by their work–family integration. We discuss the implications of these findings for the study of work an... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166296 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166295&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F33gVhLnhxLA%2F370 Reports an error in "Comparing perceived injustices from supervisors and romantic partners as predictors of aggression" by Kathryne E. Dupré, Nick Turner, Julian Barling and Chris B. Stride (Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, np). Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/ a0020520), the order of authorship was listed incorrectly. The correct order of authorship follows: Kathryne E. Dupré, Julian Barling, Nick Turner, and Chris B. Stride All versions of this article have been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-19351-001.) To examine the predictive effects of perceived injustice in two different interpersonal relationships (i.e., working relationship with a supervisor, romantic relationship with a partner) on aggression enacted in tho... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166295 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166293&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FVTVWO-zeL-s%2F347 Psychologically healthy participants may dilute the observed effects of worksite stress management training (SMT) programs, therefore hiding the true effectiveness of these interventions for more distressed workers. To examine this issue, 311 local government employees were randomly assigned to SMT based on acceptance and commitment therapy (SMT, n = 177) or to a waitlist control group (n = 134). The SMT program consisted of three half-day training sessions, and imparted a mixture of mindfulness and values-based action skills. Across a 6-month assessment period, SMT resulted in a significant reduction in employee distress. As predicted, the impact of SMT was significantly moderated by baseline distress, such that meaningful effects were found only among a subgroup of initially distressed w... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166293 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148647&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FvcRzy-1fmBs%2F505 Models of emotional labor suggest that emotional labor leads to strain and affects job performance. Although the link between emotional labor, strain, and performance has been well documented in cross-sectional field studies, not much is known about the causal direction of relationships between emotional labor, strain, and performance. Goal of the present study was therefore to test the direction of effects in a two-wave longitudinal panel study using a sample of 151 trainee teachers. Longitudinal lagged effects were tested using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that the emotional labor strategy of surface acting led to increases in subsequent strain while deep acting led to increases in job performance. In contrast, there was no indication of reverse causation: Neither strai... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148647 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148646&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FyMFpQUwMnQs%2F494 A great number of teachers find teaching fulfilling and are dedicated to it, but others feel emotionally exhausted, indicating that the interaction with pupils can be emotionally demanding. Emotional labor was shown to play an important role for the health of teachers. In a full two-wave longitudinal study over the period of 1 year, the effect of emotional labor on emotional exhaustion and dedication of 102 teachers was investigated. Teachers who were able to influence their emotions to feel the emotion appropriate in a situation (so called deep acting) felt significantly less emotionally exhausted after 1 year. From this result, deep acting can, thus, be characterized as health-beneficial. Once teachers felt emotionally exhausted, they used more surface acting. More dedicated teachers, on... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148646 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148645&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FJFnUmoOAhiM%2F482 The present study of 334 United Kingdom trackside workers tested an interaction hypothesis. We hypothesized, drawing on the job demands-resources framework, that perceived support for safety (from senior managers, supervisors, and coworkers) as job resources would weaken the relationship between higher job demands and more frequent hazardous work events. Consistent with social impact theory, we predicted that perceived coworker support for safety would be particularly influential when trackside workers faced higher job demands. Moderated multiple regression showed that, of all three sources of perceived support for safety, perceived coworker support for safety was most important for keeping employees safe in the face of high job demands. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights r... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148645 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148644&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FlB5Po5YTujo%2F468 Because of the large number of people employed in service occupations, customer incivility has become an increasingly prevalent and important workplace stressor. Unfortunately, relatively little research has examined the effects of customer incivility; of the research that does exist, virtually all of it has focused solely on employee mental health outcomes. The present study was designed to replicate previous research linking customer incivility to the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout and to expand on previous research by examining the effects of customer incivility on customer service quality. In addition, two models were proposed and tested in which emotional labor mediated the relationship between customer incivility and outcomes. Data from 120 bank tellers revealed that custo... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148644 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148643&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FFSJUKnalZEs%2F452 Organizational constraints is an important source of job stress. To study the relations between organizational constraints and four indices of job strains in cross-cultural work settings, both self-report and coworker-report data were collected from university employees in two culturally dissimilar countries: China and the United States. As predicted, U.S. university employees reported more interpersonal constraints than did their Chinese counterparts. No country difference was found for job context constraints. Both self-report and coworker-report data revealed significant correlations between organizational constraints and job strains in both countries. Country moderated the relations between interpersonal constraints and negative emotions/job satisfaction/voluntary lateness, with strong... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148643 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148642&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F0ZBe-10gn94%2F434 Drawing on the mobilization-minimization hypothesis, this research examines the influence of positive job experiences and generalized workplace harassment (GWH) on employee job stress and well-being over time, postulating declines in the adverse influence of GWH between Time 1 and 2 and less pronounced declines in the influence of positive job experiences over this same timeframe of approximately one year. A national sample of 1,167 workers polled via telephone at two time periods illustrates that negative job experiences weigh more heavily on mental health than do positive job experiences in the short-term. In the long-term, GWH's association with mental health and job stress was diminished. But its effects on job stress, and mental health, and physical health persist over one year, and, ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148642 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148641&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FvqwQoh9-6PQ%2F421 This study seeks to determine the relationship between psychological capital and an employee's eudaimonic and hedonic well-being. Panel data were collected from 102 extension agents over a 2-week interval. In addition, daily surveys were collected from 67 of the participants. Results from the panel data indicated that the relation between psychological capital and hedonic well-being, measured two weeks later, is mediated by eudaimonic well-being. Results from the daily surveys found that daily eudaimonic work well-being was significantly associated with both daily positive mood and daily life satisfaction and that variance in eudaimonic work well-being was predicted by one's psychological capital. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148641 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148640&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F_OyP5fcdrrs%2F409 The authors examined whether early employer response to workplace injury affects injured workers' subsequent attitudes and mental health. At 1 month and 6 months postinjury, telephone surveys were conducted with 344 workers from Ontario, Canada, who had experienced a musculoskeletal lost-time workplace injury. One-month reports of initial supervisor reaction to the injury and the use of workplace-based return-to-work strategies (early contact with worker, ergonomic assessment, presence of designated coordinator, accommodation offer) were hypothesized to predict reports of fairness, affective commitment, and depressive symptoms measured at 6 months postinjury. Structural equation modeling supported a model wherein fairness perceptions fully mediated the relationship between early responses ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148640 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148639&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fs9G1cqnAP_E%2F399 Musculoskeletal (MS) pain is highly prevalent in the working population, often resulting in chronic disability. Burnout represents accumulated exposure to work-related stresses and therefore could predict the incidence of MS pain. We investigated prospectively the extent to which changes in the levels of burnout over time predict new cases of MS pain. Participants were 1,704 apparently healthy employed men and women who underwent periodic health examination at three points of time (T1, T2, and T3), over a period of about three years. We used the T1 to T2 changes in the levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety to predict the onset of new cases of MS pain between T2 and T3, while controlling for possible confounders. Logistic regression results indicated that the T1–T2 change in... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148639 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148638&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F4eL5k2Pgi8Y%2F388 Observing others entitlement behavior can create a stressful work context fraught with accompanying strain consequences. The present investigation examined the interactive effects of perceived entitlement behavior by others and political skill on job tension in three samples (N = 440, 167, and 140, respectively) designed to establish a consistent pattern of results. Specifically, perceived entitlement behavior by others was hypothesized to predict heightened levels of job tension in the absence of political skill. Conversely, for those with high levels of political skill, perceived entitlement behavior by others was predicted to demonstrate little relationship with job tension. Across samples, hypothesized relationships received support, as political skill was found to be a significant mod... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148638 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148637&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FFT8zO_ncCOk%2F371 Based on boundary theory and conservation of resources theory, we argue that employees with a spouse in the same occupation or workplace (referred to as work-linked couples) enhance the effectiveness of spousal instrumental support in reducing emotional exhaustion. In the first study of nurses (n = 103), we found that work-linked couples have more highly integrated work and family roles than participants whose spouses did not share an occupation or workplace. In a second study of working adults (n = 484), we found that work-linked couples have a stronger relationship between spouse instrumental support and the reduction of emotional exhaustion; this moderated relationship was mediated by their work–family integration. We discuss the implications of these findings for the study of work an... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148637 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148636&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FHfobK8vD9CY%2F370 Reports an error in "Comparing perceived injustices from supervisors and romantic partners as predictors of aggression" by Kathryne E. Dupré, Nick Turner, Julian Barling and Chris B. Stride (Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, np). Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/ a0020520), the order of authorship was listed incorrectly. The correct order of authorship follows: Kathryne E. Dupré, Julian Barling, Nick Turner, and Chris B. Stride All versions of this article have been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2010-19351-001.) To examine the predictive effects of perceived injustice in two different interpersonal relationships (i.e., working relationship with a supervisor, romantic relationship with a partner) on aggression enacted in tho... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148636 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4148634&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F20cTKNUu0EE%2F347 Psychologically healthy participants may dilute the observed effects of worksite stress management training (SMT) programs, therefore hiding the true effectiveness of these interventions for more distressed workers. To examine this issue, 311 local government employees were randomly assigned to SMT based on acceptance and commitment therapy (SMT, n = 177) or to a waitlist control group (n = 134). The SMT program consisted of three half-day training sessions, and imparted a mixture of mindfulness and values-based action skills. Across a 6-month assessment period, SMT resulted in a significant reduction in employee distress. As predicted, the impact of SMT was significantly moderated by baseline distress, such that meaningful effects were found only among a subgroup of initially distressed w... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4148634 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4148634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4166294&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FBZgSEUqZFVw%2F359 [Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 15(4) of Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (see record 2010-22711-002). Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/ a0020520), the order of authorship was listed incorrectly. The correct order of authorship follows: Kathryne E. Dupré, Julian Barling, Nick Turner, and Chris B. Stride. All versions of this article have been corrected.] To examine the predictive effects of perceived injustice in two different interpersonal relationships (i.e., working relationship with a supervisor, romantic relationship with a partner) on aggression enacted in those relationships, we computed a series of multilevel regressions on 62 heterosexual couples with all 124 partners employed part-time and working for different supervisors. Hi... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4166294 Mon, 20 Sep 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4166294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793585&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FDtxbc05uaGg%2F330 This manuscript reports the development of a measure of work and family domain boundary flexibility. Building on previous research, we propose an expanded definition of boundary flexibility that includes two components—flexibility-ability and flexibility-willingness—and we develop a measure designed to capture this more comprehensive definition of boundary flexibility. Flexibility-ability is conceptualized as an individual's perception of personal and situational constraints that affect boundary management, and flexibility-willingness is conceptualized as an individual difference variable that captures the motivation to engage in boundary flexing. An additional feature of domain boundaries, permeability, is also examined. Data are presented from two studies. Study 1 (N = 244) describes... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793585 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793584&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FGM9EzEesRQQ%2F316 An increasing proportion of U.S. workers have family caregiving responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine whether employees in extended care settings whose managers are supportive, open, and creative about work–family needs, such as flexibility with work schedules, have lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and longer sleep than their less supported counterparts. From semistructured interviews with managers, we constructed a work–family balance score of manager openness and creativity in dealing with employee work–family needs. Trained interviewers collected survey and physiologic outcome data from 393 employees whose managers had a work–family score. Employee outcomes are sleep duration (actigraphy) and CVD risk assessed by blood cholesterol, high glycosylated... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793584 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793583&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FlAWmQs0aPuc%2F304 The moderating effect of partner empathy on the relationship between both directions of work–family conflict (work-to-family and family-to-work) and psychological distress of both the job incumbent and partner are examined in this study. Considering empathy as a specific dimension of emotional social support, we hypothesized that receiving empathy would buffer negative spillover to the job incumbent while giving empathy would exacerbate negative crossover to the partner. A study of 270 job incumbents and their partners revealed that receiving partner empathy fully moderated spillover effects due to family-to-work conflict but had no effects with work-to-family conflict. We also found it interesting that giving partner empathy moderated the crossover effects on family-to-work conflict but... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793583 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793582&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FEXnmDarxgjM%2F291 We examined the within-person relationships between daily work stressors and alcohol consumption over 14 consecutive days in a sample of 106 employed college students. Using a tension reduction theoretical framework, we predicted that exposure to work stressors would increase alcohol consumption by employed college students, particularly for men and those with stronger daily expectancies about the tension reducing properties of alcohol. After controlling for day of the week, we found that hours worked were positively related to number of drinks consumed. Workload was unrelated to alcohol consumption, and work-school conflict was negatively related to consumption, particularly when students expressed strong beliefs in the tension reducing properties of alcohol. There was no evidence that th... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793582 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793581&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FlAdP7MfPcSk%2F279 We investigated the extent to which the safety performance (i.e., self-reported safety compliance and safety participation) of employees with 2 jobs was predicted by their respective supervisors' transformational leadership behaviors. We compared 2 within-person models: a context-specific model (i.e., transformational leadership experienced by employees in 1 context related to those same employees' safety performance only in that context) and a context-spillover model (i.e., transformational leadership experienced by employees in 1 context related to those same employees' safety performance in the same and other contexts). Our sample comprised 159 “moonlighters” (73 men, 86 women): employees who simultaneously hold 2 different jobs, each with a different supervisor, providing within-pe... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793581 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793580&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fvfj0J5ANQ_Q%2F267 The job demands-resources model posits that job demands and resources influence outcomes through job strain and work engagement processes. We test whether the model can be extended to effort-related “routine” safety violations and “situational” safety violations provoked by the organization. In addition we test more directly the involvement of job strain than previous studies which have used burnout measures. Structural equation modeling provided, for the first time, evidence of predicted relationships between job strain and “routine” violations and work engagement with “routine” and “situational” violations, thereby supporting the extension of the job demands-resources model to safety behaviors. In addition our results showed that a key safety-specific construct 'perce... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793580 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793579&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FndlP-kaDQJY%2F252 The goal of this study was to understand the potential threat of job stressors to farmworker health. To accomplish this goal we studied pesticide exposure, an issue with immediate and long-term health consequences, and predictions from the Demands-Control model of occupational stress. Longitudinal, self-report data and urine samples were collected at monthly intervals from a cohort of Latino farmworkers (N = 287) during the 2007 agricultural season. The primary hypothesis was that greater exposure to psychological demands, physical exertion, and hazardous work conditions are associated with greater odds of detecting dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary pesticide metabolites, biomarkers indicating exposure to pesticides. Contrary to this hypothesis, results indicated that none of the elements of ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793579 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793578&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FCFTCc6zWRjE%2F237 This study examines the interactive relationship between job complexity and job autonomy on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and psychological well-being. It was hypothesized that the positive or motivating effects of job complexity are only realized when workers are given enough autonomy to effectively meet the challenges of complex jobs. Results show that not only do job complexity and job autonomy interact, but that the relationships to the outcome variables are curvilinear in form. Job complexity is shown to be both a motivator and a stressor when job autonomy is low. However, the most beneficial effects of job complexity occur when it is matched by a high level of job autonomy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all righ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793578 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793577&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FCEYQzt-Wrqc%2F223 Discussion highlights the need for research-to-practice protocols in occupational health psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793577 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3793576&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FegZjuMA-G9c%2F209 This study among 528 South African employees working in the construction industry examined the dimensionality of burnout and work engagement, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. On the basis of the literature, we predicted that cynicism and dedication are opposite ends of one underlying attitude dimension (called “identification”), and that exhaustion and vigor are opposite ends of one “energy” dimension. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that while the attitude constructs represent opposite ends of one continuum, the energy constructs do not—although they are highly correlated. These findings are also supported by the pattern of relationships between burnout and work engagement on the one h... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3793576 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3793576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789785&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F4UWjPpQyKPk%2F330 This manuscript reports the development of a measure of work and family domain boundary flexibility. Building on previous research, we propose an expanded definition of boundary flexibility that includes two components—flexibility-ability and flexibility-willingness—and we develop a measure designed to capture this more comprehensive definition of boundary flexibility. Flexibility-ability is conceptualized as an individual's perception of personal and situational constraints that affect boundary management, and flexibility-willingness is conceptualized as an individual difference variable that captures the motivation to engage in boundary flexing. An additional feature of domain boundaries, permeability, is also examined. Data are presented from two studies. Study 1 (N = 244) describes... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789785 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789784&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FYAHPvpdNJZE%2F316 An increasing proportion of U.S. workers have family caregiving responsibilities. The purpose of this study was to determine whether employees in extended care settings whose managers are supportive, open, and creative about work–family needs, such as flexibility with work schedules, have lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and longer sleep than their less supported counterparts. From semistructured interviews with managers, we constructed a work–family balance score of manager openness and creativity in dealing with employee work–family needs. Trained interviewers collected survey and physiologic outcome data from 393 employees whose managers had a work–family score. Employee outcomes are sleep duration (actigraphy) and CVD risk assessed by blood cholesterol, high glycosylated... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789784 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789783&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FSnL_u3TKyU0%2F304 The moderating effect of partner empathy on the relationship between both directions of work–family conflict (work-to-family and family-to-work) and psychological distress of both the job incumbent and partner are examined in this study. Considering empathy as a specific dimension of emotional social support, we hypothesized that receiving empathy would buffer negative spillover to the job incumbent while giving empathy would exacerbate negative crossover to the partner. A study of 270 job incumbents and their partners revealed that receiving partner empathy fully moderated spillover effects due to family-to-work conflict but had no effects with work-to-family conflict. We also found it interesting that giving partner empathy moderated the crossover effects on family-to-work conflict but... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789783 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789782&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FwkH90WxAIoU%2F291 We examined the within-person relationships between daily work stressors and alcohol consumption over 14 consecutive days in a sample of 106 employed college students. Using a tension reduction theoretical framework, we predicted that exposure to work stressors would increase alcohol consumption by employed college students, particularly for men and those with stronger daily expectancies about the tension reducing properties of alcohol. After controlling for day of the week, we found that hours worked were positively related to number of drinks consumed. Workload was unrelated to alcohol consumption, and work-school conflict was negatively related to consumption, particularly when students expressed strong beliefs in the tension reducing properties of alcohol. There was no evidence that th... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789782 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789781&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FVT9d7kKewaY%2F279 We investigated the extent to which the safety performance (i.e., self-reported safety compliance and safety participation) of employees with 2 jobs was predicted by their respective supervisors' transformational leadership behaviors. We compared 2 within-person models: a context-specific model (i.e., transformational leadership experienced by employees in 1 context related to those same employees' safety performance only in that context) and a context-spillover model (i.e., transformational leadership experienced by employees in 1 context related to those same employees' safety performance in the same and other contexts). Our sample comprised 159 “moonlighters” (73 men, 86 women): employees who simultaneously hold 2 different jobs, each with a different supervisor, providing within-pe... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789781 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789780&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F_h_7adNT8Po%2F267 The job demands-resources model posits that job demands and resources influence outcomes through job strain and work engagement processes. We test whether the model can be extended to effort-related “routine” safety violations and “situational” safety violations provoked by the organization. In addition we test more directly the involvement of job strain than previous studies which have used burnout measures. Structural equation modeling provided, for the first time, evidence of predicted relationships between job strain and “routine” violations and work engagement with “routine” and “situational” violations, thereby supporting the extension of the job demands-resources model to safety behaviors. In addition our results showed that a key safety-specific construct 'perce... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789780 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789779&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F-QdtdRUIiFM%2F252 The goal of this study was to understand the potential threat of job stressors to farmworker health. To accomplish this goal we studied pesticide exposure, an issue with immediate and long-term health consequences, and predictions from the Demands-Control model of occupational stress. Longitudinal, self-report data and urine samples were collected at monthly intervals from a cohort of Latino farmworkers (N = 287) during the 2007 agricultural season. The primary hypothesis was that greater exposure to psychological demands, physical exertion, and hazardous work conditions are associated with greater odds of detecting dialkylphosphate (DAP) urinary pesticide metabolites, biomarkers indicating exposure to pesticides. Contrary to this hypothesis, results indicated that none of the elements of ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789779 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789779 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789778&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FzdQB92F7dyM%2F237 This study examines the interactive relationship between job complexity and job autonomy on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and psychological well-being. It was hypothesized that the positive or motivating effects of job complexity are only realized when workers are given enough autonomy to effectively meet the challenges of complex jobs. Results show that not only do job complexity and job autonomy interact, but that the relationships to the outcome variables are curvilinear in form. Job complexity is shown to be both a motivator and a stressor when job autonomy is low. However, the most beneficial effects of job complexity occur when it is matched by a high level of job autonomy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all righ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789778 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789778 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789777&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2F5QkSCzA4YtQ%2F223 Discussion highlights the need for research-to-practice protocols in occupational health psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789777 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789777 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3789776&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FOWyuGQx8pfI%2F209 This study among 528 South African employees working in the construction industry examined the dimensionality of burnout and work engagement, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. On the basis of the literature, we predicted that cynicism and dedication are opposite ends of one underlying attitude dimension (called “identification”), and that exhaustion and vigor are opposite ends of one “energy” dimension. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that while the attitude constructs represent opposite ends of one continuum, the energy constructs do not—although they are highly correlated. These findings are also supported by the pattern of relationships between burnout and work engagement on the one h... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3789776 Sun, 04 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3789776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675396&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FqskUl7vYePM%2F191 To date, minimal work has explored associations between equal opportunity (EO) climate and employee work attitudes, and no known research has investigated the effects of EO climate beyond the individual level. We address these gaps in the literature by testing a multilevel structural equation model in which effects of EO climate are considered at both the individual and unit levels. At the individual level, we predicted that psychological EO climate would be directly associated with job stress and job satisfaction, as well as indirectly related to job satisfaction via stress. In addition, cross-level associations between unit EO climate and job stress and job satisfaction were hypothesized to be mediated by cohesion. Findings supported the proposed model; hypothesized relations were suppor... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675396 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675395&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FpCni2Iuplho%2F180 In this study, we used a newly developed 9-item flow scale in an ESM study combined with a questionnaire to examine the predictors of flow at two levels: the activities (brainstorming, planning, problem solving and evaluation) associated with transient flow states and the more stable job characteristics (role clarity, influence and cognitive demands). Participants were 58 line managers from two companies in Denmark; a private accountancy firm and a public elder care organization. We found that line managers in elder care experienced flow more often than accountancy line managers, and activities such as planning, problem solving, and evaluation predicted transient flow states. The more stable job characteristics included in this study were not, however, found to predict flow at work. (PsycI... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675395 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675394&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fb6A8yaQQmn0%2F167 In this field study, we examined the importance of dynamic tasks as stressors faced by managers. Predictability of a task and social support by mangers’ supervisors were considered as potential moderators of the interrelation between stressors and stress effects. A total of 142 managers (64 women, 78 men) from 46 German companies took part in our study. As expected, the more tasks were perceived as dynamic, the higher was the irritation level. This correlation was significant, but low as could be expected when choosing a single predictor to explain the level of irritation. Dynamic tasks and predictability were unrelated features of the work task. Predictability of a task had a moderating effect in that the interrelation between dynamic tasks and irritation was stronger when predictabilit... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675394 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675393&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FyW5Zuivy2N8%2F154 The goal of our study was to determine whether some forms of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) may serve to benefit employees. Building on the stressor–strain framework and theories of coping, we investigated whether two forms of CWB, production deviance and withdrawal, serve as a means of coping to mitigate the impact of low distributive and procedural justice on emotional exhaustion. Results from a survey of 295 employed persons from around the United States suggest that production deviance and withdrawal may benefit employees by reducing emotional exhaustion in the face of low distributive justice but not necessarily low procedural justice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675393 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675392&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FMAp_X4zCwvo%2F140 Diversity theorists have hypothesized that similarity leads to both greater identification among individuals and reduced interpersonal conflict within organizations. Little research, however, has been conducted to identify boundary conditions for this relationship. The authors investigated the interactive effects of supervisor–subordinate racioethnic similarity and emotional exhaustion on organizational commitment in two studies. In Study 1, racioethnic supervisor–subordinate similarity related positively to commitment, but only among employees low in emotional exhaustion. In Study 2, we observed a significant indirect effect of racioethnic similarity on loyalty through supervisor support. Moreover, the support–loyalty linkage was significantly stronger for employees low in emotional... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675392 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675391&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fzh3XJrNmmQo%2F131 The aim of the worksite study is to elucidate the strain reducing impact of different forms of spending lunch breaks. With the help of the so-called silent room cabin concept, it was possible to induce a lunch-break relaxation opportunity that provided visual and territorial privacy. To evaluate the proposed effects, 14 call center agents were assigned to either 20 min progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) or small-talk (ST) break groups. We analyzed the data in a controlled trial for a period of 6 months (every 2 months four measurements a day at 12:00, 13:00, 16:00, 20:00) using independent observer and self-report ratings of emotional, mental, motivational, and physical strain. Results indicated that only the PMR break reduced postlunchtime and afternoon strain. Although further intervent... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675391 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675390&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2FJZidj9rYbig%2F120 We describe a study that examined the distinctiveness of momentary positive and negative affect (PA and NA) and their relationships with blood pressure and heart rate at work in a sample of 67 full-time employees who provided psychological and physiological measurements multiple times a day, over 10 working days. These employees recorded their subjective ratings on personal digital assistant devices programmed specifically for this study, and assessed their blood pressure and heart rate using automatic recording devices, at each measurement period. Results support the distinctiveness of PA and NA. First, within-individual factor analyses confirmed the existence of two underlying factors in the momentary affect ratings. Second, the within-individual correlations between PA and NA scores (-.... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675390 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3675389&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Fapa-journals-ocp%2F%7E3%2Fl9yQhimg2us%2F105 To address the question of whether providing high-quality service deteriorates or benefits workers’ health, a contingency model was tested that focused on service climate as a moderator. This interacts with service behavior to affect workers’ perceptions of emotional exhaustion, hence their physical and mental health. Findings of this study with 328 nurses from 66 nursing units indicated that congruent conditions of service climate and behaviors benefited workers’ health, whereas incongruent conditions affected it adversely. The findings are discussed in light of stress, and emotion–work perspectives. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3675389 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3675389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440005&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F191 To date, minimal work has explored associations between equal opportunity (EO) climate and employee work attitudes, and no known research has investigated the effects of EO climate beyond the individual level. We address these gaps in the literature by testing a multilevel structural equation model in which effects of EO climate are considered at both the individual and unit levels. At the individual level, we predicted that psychological EO climate would be directly associated with job stress and job satisfaction, as well as indirectly related to job satisfaction via stress. In addition, cross-level associations between unit EO climate and job stress and job satisfaction were hypothesized to be mediated by cohesion. Findings supported the proposed model; hypothesized relations were suppor... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440005 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440004&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F180 In this study, we used a newly developed 9-item flow scale in an ESM study combined with a questionnaire to examine the predictors of flow at two levels: the activities (brainstorming, planning, problem solving and evaluation) associated with transient flow states and the more stable job characteristics (role clarity, influence and cognitive demands). Participants were 58 line managers from two companies in Denmark; a private accountancy firm and a public elder care organization. We found that line managers in elder care experienced flow more often than accountancy line managers, and activities such as planning, problem solving, and evaluation predicted transient flow states. The more stable job characteristics included in this study were not, however, found to predict flow at work. (PsycI... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440004 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440003&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F167 In this field study, we examined the importance of dynamic tasks as stressors faced by managers. Predictability of a task and social support by mangers’ supervisors were considered as potential moderators of the interrelation between stressors and stress effects. A total of 142 managers (64 women, 78 men) from 46 German companies took part in our study. As expected, the more tasks were perceived as dynamic, the higher was the irritation level. This correlation was significant, but low as could be expected when choosing a single predictor to explain the level of irritation. Dynamic tasks and predictability were unrelated features of the work task. Predictability of a task had a moderating effect in that the interrelation between dynamic tasks and irritation was stronger when predictabilit... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440003 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440002&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F154 The goal of our study was to determine whether some forms of counterproductive work behavior (CWB) may serve to benefit employees. Building on the stressor–strain framework and theories of coping, we investigated whether two forms of CWB, production deviance and withdrawal, serve as a means of coping to mitigate the impact of low distributive and procedural justice on emotional exhaustion. Results from a survey of 295 employed persons from around the United States suggest that production deviance and withdrawal may benefit employees by reducing emotional exhaustion in the face of low distributive justice but not necessarily low procedural justice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440002 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440001&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F140 Diversity theorists have hypothesized that similarity leads to both greater identification among individuals and reduced interpersonal conflict within organizations. Little research, however, has been conducted to identify boundary conditions for this relationship. The authors investigated the interactive effects of supervisor–subordinate racioethnic similarity and emotional exhaustion on organizational commitment in two studies. In Study 1, racioethnic supervisor–subordinate similarity related positively to commitment, but only among employees low in emotional exhaustion. In Study 2, we observed a significant indirect effect of racioethnic similarity on loyalty through supervisor support. Moreover, the support–loyalty linkage was significantly stronger for employees low in emotional... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440001 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3440000&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F131 The aim of the worksite study is to elucidate the strain reducing impact of different forms of spending lunch breaks. With the help of the so-called silent room cabin concept, it was possible to induce a lunch-break relaxation opportunity that provided visual and territorial privacy. To evaluate the proposed effects, 14 call center agents were assigned to either 20 min progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) or small-talk (ST) break groups. We analyzed the data in a controlled trial for a period of 6 months (every 2 months four measurements a day at 12:00, 13:00, 16:00, 20:00) using independent observer and self-report ratings of emotional, mental, motivational, and physical strain. Results indicated that only the PMR break reduced postlunchtime and afternoon strain. Although further intervent... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3440000 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3440000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3439999&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F120 We describe a study that examined the distinctiveness of momentary positive and negative affect (PA and NA) and their relationships with blood pressure and heart rate at work in a sample of 67 full-time employees who provided psychological and physiological measurements multiple times a day, over 10 working days. These employees recorded their subjective ratings on personal digital assistant devices programmed specifically for this study, and assessed their blood pressure and heart rate using automatic recording devices, at each measurement period. Results support the distinctiveness of PA and NA. First, within-individual factor analyses confirmed the existence of two underlying factors in the momentary affect ratings. Second, the within-individual correlations between PA and NA scores (-.... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3439999 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3439999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3439998&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F2%2F105 To address the question of whether providing high-quality service deteriorates or benefits workers’ health, a contingency model was tested that focused on service climate as a moderator. This interacts with service behavior to affect workers’ perceptions of emotional exhaustion, hence their physical and mental health. Findings of this study with 328 nurses from 66 nursing units indicated that congruent conditions of service climate and behaviors benefited workers’ health, whereas incongruent conditions affected it adversely. The findings are discussed in light of stress, and emotion–work perspectives. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3439998 Mon, 05 Apr 2010 05:00:00 +0100 3439998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162721&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F91 The current study, which is framed within the context of the Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, examined counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) as a response to ineffective coping with work stressors. More specifically, we examined whether the relationship between work stressors and CWBs was moderated by employee personality. Analyses using data collected from 726 adults employed in a diverse set of occupations found that work stressors were more strongly related to CWBs among workers who were low in conscientiousness, or high in negative affectivity (NA) than among workers who were high in conscientiousness, or low in NA. We found less consistent support, however, for the moderating effects of agreeableness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Jo... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162721 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162720&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F75 The purpose of this research is to develop an abbreviated version of Carlson, Kacmar, and Williams’s (2000) multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. The abbreviated measure would have high utility in research situations in which a measure representative of the entire theoretical construct is desired, but the use of a long measure is precluded, as in diary and longitudinal designs. Two 3-item abbreviated measures based on Carlson et al.’s multidimensional measures were developed, 1 to assess work-to-family conflict and 1 to assess family-to-work conflict. Two samples were used to provide concurrent and predictive validity evidence for the abbreviated measure. Results from Study 1 indicate that the abbreviated measure has the expected factor structure and exhibited concurrent ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162720 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162719&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F60 This study focused on the role of volunteer work for daily recovery from work. In a 1-week diary study with 166 employees, we assessed the amount of time spent on volunteer work during leisure time, and the recovery facets of psychological detachment from work (i.e., mentally switching off from work), mastery experiences (i.e., pursuing challenging activities), and community experiences (i.e., cultivating relationships) every day before participants went to bed. Results from hierarchical linear modeling (n = 529 days) showed volunteer work during leisure time to be positively related to mastery experiences and community experiences suggesting volunteer work to contribute to successful recovery by creating new resources. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162719 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162718&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F45 Research, theory, and practice generally assume that contact with others, often characterized as social support, is beneficial to the recipient. The current study, however, explores the possibility that workplace social interactions, even if intended to be helpful, can sometimes be harmful. University employees (N = 403) completed an online survey examining three types of potentially supportive interactions with other people in the workplace that might be harmful: Interactions that make the person focus on how stressful the workplace is, help that makes the recipient feel inadequate or incompetent, and help that is unwanted. Results suggest that these types of social interactions at work were indeed likely to be related to worse rather than to improved psychological and physical health. Th... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162718 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162717&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F29 This study investigates the role of gender in the benefits of coping (direct action and social support seeking) on the core dimensions of burnout (exhaustion and cynicism) using a longitudinal design. Specifically, the study examined these relationships on teachers, which is typically a female-dominated occupation. Data were gathered during the first term and again during the last term of the academic year. The Time 2 sample was composed of 141 male and 303 female teachers from 100 Spanish primary and secondary schools. Lagged and concurrent longitudinal designs were tested using random coefficient models. Concurrent interactive effects of gender in the relationship among coping strategies and cynicism as well as exhaustion were found. Direct action coping was beneficial only for men. Soci... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162717 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162716&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F17 This study meets this need by analyzing the relationship between a broad cross-section of employees’ (N = 280) level of PsyCap and two measures of psychological well-being over time. The results indicated that employees’ PsyCap was related to both measures of well-being and, importantly, that PsyCap explained additional variance in these well-being measures over time. The limitations, needed future research, and practical implications conclude the article. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162716 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:35 +0100 3162716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3162715&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F15%2F1%2F1 Occupational injuries remain an important concern for employers, particularly in the health care industry where injury rates have increased despite decreases in other industries. Testing the notion of resource investment from conservation of resources theory, I predicted that exhaustion would be associated with a greater likelihood of safety workarounds (alternative work processes undertaken to “work around” a perceived block in work flow, such as a safety procedure). Furthermore, I hypothesized that safety workarounds would lead to a greater frequency and severity of occupational injuries. I found support for this mediation model with a 2-sample, 3-wave survey study of a variety of health care professionals (nurses, sonographers, and others). I discuss the implications of this researc... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3162715 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:34 +0100 3162715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915120&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F441 Though early research on the work/nonwork interface was broader in scope, most recent research has focused on the interface between work and family. There is a need for an inclusive, validated measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement that is appropriate for all workers regardless of their marital or family life status. The authors report here on 3 studies in which they develop a theoretically grounded and empirically validated multidimensional, bidirectional measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. All scale items refer to work/nonwork, whereas previous measures have mixed work/family and work/nonwork items or emphasize family roles in the nonwork domain. Quantitative analysis of the scale items yielded 17 items to measure work interference with personal life, pers... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915120 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915119&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F427 Based on the effort-recovery model, this study links work–family conflict (WFC) and family–work conflict (FWC) with the concept of recovery. The authors hypothesize that 2 recovery strategies—psychological detachment from work and verbal expression of emotions—moderate the relationship of these 2 types of conflict with 2 indicators of well-being, namely psychological strain and life satisfaction. For our sample of 128 emergency professionals from Spain, psychological detachment from work moderated the relationship between WFC and psychological strain, and between FWC and life satisfaction. Verbal expression of emotions moderated the relationship between both types of conflict and psychological strain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915119 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915118&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F414 Employees today are involved in many different types of activities outside of work, including family, volunteering, leisure, and so on. The purpose of this study was to understand how participation in such nonwork activities can both enrich and interfere with well-being and behavior at work. Four dimensions of nonwork-to-work spillover were examined to better understand this process (i.e., positive emotional, negative emotional, positive behavioral, and negative behavioral). Survey data were collected in 2 waves from 293 staff and faculty members of a large Canadian university (N = 108 matched surveys from both waves). We found that volunteering is associated with increased well-being and work satisfaction, and that it creates positive emotional and behavioral, and negative behavioral spil... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915118 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915117&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F402 This article introduces the role of financial considerations into work–family research by considering the costs and benefits of employed mothers’ child care satisfaction. Data from 2 samples offer empirical support for the addition of a fourth factor to a current measure of child care satisfaction so that the measure reflects mothers’ satisfaction not only with caregiver attentiveness, communication, and dependability but also with child care-related financial considerations. This article also discusses relationships between child care satisfaction and work–family conflict and job satisfaction for this population. The results of this study provide both organizations and child care providers with a broader picture of the concerns that employed mothers face as they search for reliabl... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915117 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915116&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F390 The aims of this study were to investigate whether sexual harassment is related to mental and physical health of both men and women, and to explore the possible moderating effects of gender on the relation between sexual harassment and health. In addition, we investigated whether women were more often bothered by sexual harassment than men, and whether victims who report being bothered by the harassment experience more health problems compared to victims who did not feel bothered. A representative sample of 3,001 policemen and 1,295 policewomen in the Dutch police force filled out an Internet questionnaire. It appeared that women were more often bothered by sexual harassment than men, but gender did not moderate the relation between sexual harassment and mental and physical health. In addi... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915116 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915115&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F374 The present study examined the relationship between bridge employment and retirees’ health outcomes (i.e., major diseases, functional limitations, and mental health). We used a nationally representative sample of 12,189 retirees from the first 4 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that compared with full retirement, engaging in bridge employment either in a career field or in a different field was associated with fewer major diseases and functional limitations, whereas engaging in career bridge employment was associated with better mental health. The findings highlight the health benefits of engaging in bridge employment for retirees. The practical implications of this study are discussed at both the individual and policy levels. Limitations ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915115 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:55 +0100 2915115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915114&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F365 The present study examined whether job control moderated the association between stress indicators (distress and sleeping problems) and intentions to change profession among 2,650 Finnish physicians. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was applied. The authors found that high levels of distress and sleeping problems were associated with higher levels of intentions to change profession, whereas high job control was associated with lower levels of intentions to change profession even after adjusting for the effects of gender, age, and employment sector. In addition, high job control was able to mitigate the positive association that distress and sleeping problems had with intentions to change profession. Our findings highlight the importance of offering more job control to physicians to pre... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915114 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:54 +0100 2915114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915113&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F4%2F349 The authors investigated the direct and interactive effects of the job demand– control–support (JDC-S) model’s components on subsequent changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides (TRI) separately for male and female employees. In contrast to all 14 past studies on these relationships, the authors used a longitudinal design. Study participants (N = 1,137, 66% men) were all apparently healthy employees who underwent a routine health check at 2 points in time (Time 1 and Time 2) about 22 months apart. In these analyses, the authors controlled for the Time 1 level of each criterion and for other confounders. Most of the direct and moderating effects found did not support the predictions of the JDC-S model; this finding is in ag... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915113 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 14:38:54 +0100 2915113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583184&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F334 The study shows how the perceptions of opportunities for learning and personal development predict five dimensions of affective well-being (AWB: pleasure, comfort, placidity, enthusiasm, and vigor), and how this relationship is moderated by the perceptions of work-family conciliation. A sample comprising 404 individuals was collected. The findings show the following: (1) both the perceptions of opportunities for learning and personal development and perceptions of work-family conciliation predict AWB, the happier individuals being those who have high perceptions on both variables; (2) both variables interact in predicting AWB, in such a way that perceptions of high opportunities for learning and personal development may not lead to higher AWB if work-family conciliation is low. Post hoc an... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583184 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:09 +0100 2583184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583183&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F318 The present study examines anger within a perceived organizational support (POS) theory framework. Using structural equation modeling, the authors explored relationships among POS, anger, and workplace outcomes in a sample of 1,136 employees in 21 stores of a U.S. retail organization. At both individual and store levels, low POS was directly associated with greater anger. At the individual level, anger partially mediated relationships among low POS and turnover intentions, absences, and accidents on the job. Anger had direct and indirect effects on alcohol consumption and health-related risk taking. At the store level, anger had direct negative effects on inventory loss and turnover. The authors interpret these findings in light of social exchange theory and emotion regulation theory. (Psy... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583183 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:09 +0100 2583183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583182&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F305 Recent research has demonstrated that the perception of injustice at work may increase psychological health-related problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of coworker support and work autonomy on the relationships between both distributive and procedural justice and psychological distress. Results, on the basis of responses to questionnaires given to 248 prison employees, show that coworker support moderates the relationships between both forms of justice and psychological distress. Specifically, these relationships are weakened when employees benefit from a high level of coworker support. Furthermore, work autonomy moderates the relationship between procedural justice and psychological distress but not the relationship between distributive justice and psyc... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583182 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:09 +0100 2583182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583181&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F289 We extend existing stressor-strain theoretical models by including intrinsic motivation as a mediator between well-established job stressors and burnout. Though the link between situational stressors and burnout is well established, little is known about mechanisms behind this relationship. With a sample of 284 self-employed individuals, we examined motivation as a mediator to explain why situational factors impact 3 dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy. Motivation is an explanatory mechanism that drives human behavior and thought, and thus may have an impact on important well-being outcomes. As expected, intrinsic motivation was a full mediator for the effect of perceived fit on the inefficacy dimension of burnout. Unexpectedly, neither perceived fit nor m... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583181 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583180&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F272 The authors draw on stress and coping theory to understand patterns of individual response to workplace incivility. According to data from 3 employee samples, incivility tended to trigger mildly negative appraisals, which could theoretically differentiate incivility from other categories of antisocial work behavior. Employees experiencing frequent and varied incivility from powerful instigators generally appraised their uncivil encounters more negatively. They responded to this stressor using a multifaceted array of coping strategies, which entailed support seeking, detachment, minimization, prosocial conflict avoidance, and assertive conflict avoidance. These coping reactions depended on the target’s appraisal of the situation, the situation’s duration, and the organizational position... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583180 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583179&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F257 Cognitive Resource Theory (CRT) suggests that under high levels of stress, employees are more prone to committing indiscipline. As few studies have examined this relationship over time, the authors conducted a six-wave longitudinal study examining the relationship of soldiers’ indiscipline with work demands and control. The study included archival data collected quarterly over 2 years from 1,701 soldiers representing 10 units in garrison (Germany and Italy), in training rotations (Grafenwoehr, Germany), and on peacekeeping deployments (Kosovo, Kuwait). No main effects were found for work overload, and the findings for the moderating effects of control were contradictory. Within each time point, as work overload increased, soldiers who felt less control committed more indiscipline, suppor... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583179 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583178&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F243 Consistent with a positive psychology perspective, this longitudinal study investigated relations between positive and negative nonwork experiences (i.e., feeling recovered, thinking about the positive and negative aspects of one’s work during leisure time) with different job performance dimensions. In total, 358 employees working with persons with special needs responded to two questionnaires at an interval of 6 months. Results from hierarchical regression analyses showed that feeling recovered during leisure time predicted an increase in task performance after 6 months. This relation was mediated by occupational self-efficacy. Positive work reflection was found to predict an increase in proactive behavior (personal initiative, creativity) and organizational citizenship behavior. Negati... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583178 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583177&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F231 Cognitive–energetical theories of information processing were used to generate predictions regarding the relationship between perceived workload and fatigue within and across consecutive days of work. Repeated measures were taken aboard a naval vessel from a sample of 20 Navy patrol vessel crew members during nonroutine and routine patrols. The hypotheses were tested through growth curve modeling. There was a nonmonotonic relationship between workload and fatigue in the routine patrol; moderate workload was associated with the lowest fatigue. The relationship between workload and fatigue changed over consecutive days in the nonroutine patrol. At the beginning of the patrol, low workload was associated with fatigue. At the end of the patrol, high workload was associated with fatigue. Thes... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583177 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2583176&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F3%2F219 An intervention based on conservation of resources theory was conducted in an organization installing new information technology (IT) to enhance participants’ psychological resources and thereby reduce anticipated stress and facilitate adjustment to the new IT. Before installation, 218 IT users in 25 units participated in 5 days of technical training; only the randomly assigned experimental group also participated in a “resource workshop.” All participants filled out questionnaires before the workshop, 2 weeks later, and 2 months after the IT installation. ANOVA detected a significant increase in users’ means efficacy in the experimental group and a decline in the control group. The new IT caused the control users more dissatisfaction and exhaustion, whereas the experimental users ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2583176 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 11:50:08 +0100 2583176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320059&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F206 Although goal progress is often hypothesized to be positively linked to well-being, existing research points to an inconsistent relationship and suggests that potential moderators need to be examined. This longitudinal study investigated whether 2 aspects of goal cognition—goal attainability and self-efficacy—influence the relationship between goal progress and well-being (viz., job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion) in a sample of 172 nurses. Work goal progress was not directly associated with well-being. Rather, the link between goal progress and well-being was moderated by goal cognition. Individuals who started off with unfavorable goal cognitions but who managed to achieve goal progress reported an increase in well-being, compared with those who had favorable goal cognitions a... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320059 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320056&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F193 This study investigates how job insecurity and employability relate to job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment in permanent workers, fixed-term contract workers, and temporary agency workers. The authors hypothesized that (a) job insecurity relates negatively to job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment, and this relationship is strongest in permanent workers and weakest in temporary agency workers; and that (b) employability relates positively to job satisfaction and negatively to affective organizational commitment, and this relationship is strongest in temporary agency workers and weakest in permanent workers. Hypotheses were tested in workers (permanent: n = 329; fixed term; n = 160; temporary agency: n = 89) from 23 Belgian organizations. The results sh... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320056 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320054&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F182 The study provided validity evidence for a fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance that comprises direction of influence (work to family vs. family to work) and types of effect (work-family conflict vs. work-family facilitation). Data were collected from 189 employed parents in China. The results obtained from a confirmatory factor analysis supported the factorial validity of the fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance with a Chinese sample. Child care responsibilities, working hours, monthly salary, and organizational family-friendly policy were positively related to the conflict component of work-family balance; whereas new parental experience, spouse support, family-friendly supervisors and coworkers had significant positive effects on the facilitation component of work-family balance... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320054 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320052&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F165 This article addresses the relation between day-specific experiences of job stressors and the pursuit of off-job activities. Following the limited-resources model of self-regulation, the authors proposed that job stressors and long working hours are negatively related to pursuit of sport activities after work because, after stressful days, employees have no resources left for initiating and persisting in effortful behaviors such as sport. Routines for off-job activities were hypothesized to be positively related to the pursuit of sport activities after work. Seventy-eight police employees completed a daily survey over 5 working days and indicated that they perceive sport to be highly useful for recovery. Random coefficient modeling showed that job stressors (particularly situational constr... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320052 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320049&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F148 The authors show how the perceptions of spirit of camaraderie explain 5 dimensions of employees' affective well-being and how this relationship is moderated by the employees' need to belong. The sample comprised 296 individuals working in 78 organizations. The authors found the following: (a) Perceptions of spirit of camaraderie predict unique variance of all affective well-being dimensions; (b) the need to belong moderates the relationship between perceptions of spirit of camaraderie and affective well-being in such a way that employees with a strong need to belong are more sensitive or reactive to perceptions of spirit of camaraderie; (c) among those with low need to belong, the relationship between perceptions of spirit of camaraderie and affective well-being is not linear in such a way... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320049 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320046&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F137 The authors examined whether safety-specific trust moderates or mediates the relationship between safety-specific transformational leadership and subordinates' safety citizenship behavior. Data from 139 subordinate-supervisor dyads were collected from the United Kingdom construction industry and analyzed using hierarchical regression models. Results showed that safety-specific trust moderated rather than mediated the effects of safety-specific transformational leaders on subordinates' behavior. Specifically, in conditions of high and moderate safety-specific trust, leaders had a significant effect on subordinates' safety citizenship behavior. However, in conditions of low safety-specific trust, leaders did not significantly influence subordinates' safety citizenship behavior. The implicati... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320046 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320043&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F122 This study sought to understand how high involvement work processes (HIWP) are processed at the employee level. Using structural equation modeling techniques, the authors tested and supported a model in which psychological empowerment mediated the effects of HIWP on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job performance, and job stress. Furthermore, perceived organizational support (POS) was hypothesized to moderate the relationships between empowerment and these outcomes. With exception for the empowerment-job satisfaction association, support was found for our predictions. Future directions for research and the practical implications of our findings for both employees and organizations are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of O... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320043 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320040&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F110 This study investigated the hypothesis that trait hostility is associated with heightened cardiovascular reactivity to potentially stressful social interactions but not to nonsocial activities in the workplace. Participants were 73 (39 women) New York City traffic enforcement agents (TEAs) who patrol the streets and issue summonses for vehicular and parking violations. During their patrols, TEAs face potentially stressful interactions when they encounter motorists and pedestrians who may be angry about receiving summonses. Mood and ambulatory blood pressure were initially measured when TEAs were recently hired and attending classes at the training academy (Time 1), and were subsequently assessed again once the TEAs began independently patrolling the city streets (Time 2). Random effects re... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320040 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2320037&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F2%2F97 This study prospectively examined the effects of a change of shift schedule from a fast forward-rotating schedule to a slowly backward-rotating one. The initial schedule had a forward rotation from mornings to afternoons to nights over 6 consecutive days, with 2 days on each shift followed by 4 days off before the next iteration of the cycle, whereas the new schedule had a slower backward rotation from mornings to nights to afternoons, with 3 days on a given shift followed by 3 days off before the next shift. Shift workers (n = 118) were compared with a reference group of daytime workers (n = 67) from the same manufacturing plant by means of questionnaires covering subjective health, sleep and fatigue, recovery ability, satisfaction with work hours, work–family interface, and job demands... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2320037 Mon, 30 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2320037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118766&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F84 In this study, the authors adapted the JD-R framework to analyze data collected from a sample of 410 leaders of addiction treatment organizations. The authors considered whether two job demands (performance demands and centralization) and two job resources (innovation in decision making and long-range strategic planning) were associated with emotional exhaustion and turnover intention. The authors also examined whether emotional exhaustion fully or partially mediated the associations between the job-related measures and turnover intention. The results supported the partially mediated model. Both job demands were positively associated with emotional exhaustion, and the association for long-range strategic planning was negative. Emotional exhaustion was positively associated with turnover in... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118766 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118765&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F70 Although felt accountability has predicted positive outcomes in some studies, it has demonstrated anxiety-provoking properties in others. This inconsistency has led researchers to search for moderating variables that explain why felt accountability promotes or impedes favorable outcomes. Building on these studies, the authors examine the moderating effects of personal reputation on the felt accountability-strain relationship. As hypothesized, the results indicate that a positive personal reputation ameliorated the strain reactions caused by felt accountability. In particular, as felt accountability increased, individuals with strong personal reputations experienced less job tension and depressed mood at work, as well as more job satisfaction, but individuals with weak personal reputations ... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118765 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118764&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F69 Reports an error in "Are Trends in Work and Health Conditions Interrelated? A Study of Swedish Hospital Employees in the 1990s" by Inga-Lill Petterson, Anna Hertting, Lars Hagberg and Töres Theorell (Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2005[Apr], Vol 10[2], 110-120). This particular study was based upon a unique database (the Springlife database), with repeated questionnaire self-reports from hospital staff in the Örebro Regional Hospital in Sweden regarding work environment and mental health in the years 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, and 2001. The Springlife database was referred to in the text and references of the article noted above, but it should have been more clearly acknowledged. Herewith the authors want to make this late acknowledgement. The database actually started in the fa... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118764 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118763&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F58 The present study focused on individual differences in Big Five traits among targets of workplace incivility. The authors hypothesized a negative relation between agreeableness and incivility, a positive relation between neuroticism and incivility, and a negative relation between extraversion and incivility. The authors also hypothesized that provocative target behavior is the mediating force that drives these relations. Multisource data from a diverse sample of employees and their coworkers indicate that individuals low in agreeableness and those high in neuroticism experience more incivility than their counterparts. The mediation model was supported for agreeableness and neuroticism. Findings suggest that target traits are important components in incivility research, and should be consid... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118763 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118762&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F46 Experiencing frequent incivility from customers is a noted social stressor linked with job burnout. Race (as a surface-level characteristic and as a deep-level identity) is proposed to explain emotional exhaustion, the primary burnout dimension, for service employees. The authors did not find that "microaggressions" were more likely toward racial minorities, nor any difference in job-related exhaustion between racial minority (primarily African American) and nonminority (White) retail employees. However, the centrality of minority employees' racial identity strengthened the association of customer incivility with emotional exhaustion because of increased stress appraisals, consistent with the Group Identity Lens Model. Proposals for future research on workforce racial diversity are made. (... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118762 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118761&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F34 In this study, the authors pay particular attention to mistreatment directed toward an organizational member from fellow workgroup members. The study contributes to the growing body of literature that examines the mistreatment of employees in the workplace. The authors propose that mistreatment by the workgroup would contribute to feelings of rejection, over and above mistreatment by the supervisor. In addition, the authors tested the mediating role of perceived rejection between workgroup mistreatment and affective outcomes such as depression and organization-based self-esteem. Part-time working participants (N = 142) took part in the study, which required them to complete a questionnaire on workplace behaviors. Results indicated that workgroup mistreatment contributed additional variance... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118761 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118760&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F23 This study of 168 dual-earner couples examined the relationship between workaholism and relationship satisfaction. More specifically, on the basis of the literature, it was hypothesized that workaholism is positively related to work-family conflict. In addition, the authors predicted that workaholism is related to reduced support provided to the partner, through work-family conflict, and that individuals who receive considerable support from their partners are more satisfied with their relationship. Finally, the authors hypothesized direct crossover of relationship satisfaction between partners. The results of structural equation modeling analyses using the matched responses of both partners supported these hypotheses. Moreover, in line with predictions, the authors found that gender did n... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118760 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2118759&cid=s_22772_48_f&fid=22772&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.apa.org%2Fjournals%2Focp%2F14%2F1%2F11 This study examined the associations between NA and physiological outcomes of heart rate, skin temperature, and muscle tension. The authors hypothesized that when individuals are in a stressful situation, persons high in NA experience more heightened physiological arousal than those low in NA. After personality and demographic data were collected, 230 individuals participated in a stressful intervention. Individuals high in NA experienced a significantly greater rate of increase in electromyogram during the stress intervention and a lesser rate of decrease in electromyogram after the stressful event than those low in NA. In regard to skin temperature, those high in NA did not recover from the stress intervention as well as those low in NA. Negative affectivity was not related to heart rate... Journal of Occupational Health Psychology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2118759 Mon, 12 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2118759