MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of Pharmacy Practice' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 14:04:21 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608997&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F6%2F584%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608997 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608996&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F6%2F582%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608996 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608995&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F6%2F580%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608995 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608994&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F6%2F577%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608994 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608993&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F571%3Frss%3D1 Administration of β-lactam antibiotics by extended infusion optimizes the pharmacodynamic properties and bactericidal activity of these agents resulting in a potential improvement in patient outcomes and reduction in drug expenditure. Consequently, a pharmacist-led piperacillin-tazobactam extended 4-hour infusion guideline was implemented hospital-wide at a 500-bed academic medical center. Each piperacillin-tazobactam infusion was prospectively monitored for 5 weeks to ensure accurate administration and identify barriers to guideline adherence. Overall, a total of 103 patients received 1215 doses of piperacillin-tazobactam by extended infusions. In all, 98% of the doses were administered at the correct extended infusion rate and 94% of the doses were given at the scheduled time. There... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608993 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608992&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F568%3Frss%3D1 The use of topiramate therapy to control the neuropsychiatric and behavioral disturbances in individuals with mental and/or developmental disabilities with co-occurring psychiatric disturbances has become a standard of practice in many long-term care assisted living facilities. With increased utilization of this anticonvulsant, there has been a rise in the number documented cases of agitation and/or aggressive behavior associated with topiramate therapy. It is the purpose of this article to explore the current literature documenting the connection between topiramate utilization and the development of aggressive and/or agitated behavior. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608992 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608992 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608991&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F564%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-related small bowel angioedema should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained abdominal pain. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608991 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608990&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F561%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Needle length may be of new importance to practitioners. If anticipated results of IM antipsychotic medication administration are not realized, practitioners are urged to consider patient variables, notably the amount of adipose tissue in the administration area. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608990 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608989&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F551%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between misuse of prescribed stimulants for ADHD and substance use behaviors, as well as other deleterious behaviors such as diversion. These findings suggest the need for close screening, assessment, and therapeutic monitoring of medication use in the college population. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608989 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608988&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F541%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this article is to critically review the literature of METH treatment options. Preclinical research and human research with compounds not yet available commercially in the United States will not be included. A literature review was conducted for research on pharmacological treatments for METH use and addiction. Trial information on the use of sertraline, bupropion, mirtazapine, modafinil, dextroamphetamine, ondansetron, risperidone, aripiprazole, baclofen, and gabapentin was reviewed. Aripiprazole trials appeared in the reviewed literature more frequently than the other medications. Based on the findings of this review, no single medication demonstrated consistent efficacy and each trial contained a variety of methodological limitations. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practi... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608988 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608987&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F534%3Frss%3D1 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients often develop psychotic symptoms that severely affect quality of life and limit the use of medications to ameliorate motor symptoms. Psychotic symptoms are a major cause for nursing home placement. While these symptoms do not always require treatment, they often do but antipsychotic drugs all share the common pharmacological mechanism of blocking dopamine D2 receptors which may worsen motor problems in this very vulnerable population. Double blind, placebo controlled trials (DBPCT) have shown that clozapine is effective at controlling the psychotic symptoms at doses far below those used in schizophrenia, without worsening motor function, even improving tremor. DBPCT have demonstrated that olanzapine worsens motor function without improving psychosis.... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608987 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5608986&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F6%2F520%3Frss%3D1 Only 50% of depressed patients achieve remission of symptoms after 2 trials of antidepressants. Therefore one half of patients are considered treatment resistant. Studies have shown that with each failed antidepressant, chances of remission continue to decline. Untreated depressive symptoms lead to impaired social and occupational function, decline of physical health, suicidal thoughts, and increased health care utilization. Clinicians recognize there is an urgent need to find an efficacious treatment, but it becomes more difficult to decide on an appropriate therapy once a patient has failed 2 to 3 trials of antidepressants. An evidence-based review was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of several different antidepressant strategies to help the clinician decide which may be bene... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5608986 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5608986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494987&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F515%3Frss%3D1 Dzierba AL, Abraham P. A practical approach to understanding acid-base abnormalities in critical illness. J Pharm Pract. 2011;24(1):17-26. (Original doi: 10.1177/0897190010388153) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494987 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494986&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F506%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Psychiatric patients may be more at risk of cardiovascular complications, such as QT interval prolongation. The pharmacist can help evaluate risk factors and provide input into the care of all patients, particularly those identified as at risk. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494986 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494985&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F498%3Frss%3D1 This article describes the process of developing a CST program for pharmacists working in Southern African HIV/AIDS contexts, focusing on conceptualization and design. Some shortfalls in current approaches to CST are addressed. A number of sources were consulted during the development phase of the project, including interactional and focus group research, previously developed training models, analysis of currently available CST materials for pharmacists, and a literature review. These are discussed and some attention is also given to the challenges of implementing and evaluating the program. The project highlights the importance of providing CST that is disease- and context-specific, grounded in appropriate research and theoretical frameworks, and based on a rigorous process of development... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494985 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494984&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F494%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Our observations suggest that bleeding can result in an elevated INR in patients previously stable on warfarin. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494984 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494983&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F485%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: MTAC patients were found to have better INR control compared to non-MTAC patients. A joint cooperation between physicians, pharmacists, and nurses should exist to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494983 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494982&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F480%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: By obtaining this information providers are in a better position to assist with avoiding medication errors and to help with the medical reconciliation process in health systems. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494982 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494981&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F5%2F478%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494981 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494980&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F472%3Frss%3D1 The treatment of self-injury, or self-destruction of one’s own body tissue, has become a new focus for both researchers and clinicians. Traditionally, the field of self-injury has distinguished between the behaviors exhibited among individuals with a developmental disability (self-injurious behaviors [SIBs]) and those present within a normative population (nonsuicidal self-injury [NSSI]). Despite this distinction, many pharmacotherapies for self-injury have been administered for both populations. The current review begins by summarizing the available efficacy studies investigating common pharmacological interventions in the treatment of self-injury. These studies are organized based on the most empirically supported neurochemical pathways in the development or maintenance of NSSI: en... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494980 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494979&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F452%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Omega-3 fatty acids play a role in many biologic functions. Epidemiologic data implicate omega-3 fatty acid deficiencies in many mental illnesses. Data are most robust for omega-3 fatty acids' role in affective disorders. However, data are conflicting, negative, or absent for most mental illnesses. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494979 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494978&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F447%3Frss%3D1 Asenapine is a new psychopharmacologic agent approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia and the acute and maintenance treatment of manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. The efficacy of asenapine in treating schizophrenia was evaluated in four 6-week studies in which placebo and active controls (risperidone, olanzapine, and haloperidol) were used. Two 3-week placebo-controlled trials examined the efficacy of asenapine and active control (olanzapine) in the treatment of bipolar I disorder. Asenapine demonstrated efficacy in relation to placebo for 2 of the acute schizophrenia trials and both trials examining the acute treatment of bipolar I disorder. Several factors should be examined when considering asenapine therapy in relation to other antips... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494978 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494977&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F5%2F439%3Frss%3D1 The promises of personalized medicine have health care professionals and the public at large in great anticipation of the idea that understanding a patient’s genetic composition will provide clear answers to their treatment needs. For many practitioners in mental health care, there has been a question about whether or not CYP450 genetic polymorphisms can reliably inform psychotropic treatment response and tolerability. Unfortunately, the published evidence addressing this issue is mixed with only some researchers finding a positive correlation between a patient’s inherited metabolizer status and either response or tolerability to a specific medication or a therapeutic class of medications. Despite this mixed evidence, clinical practitioners have started genotyping CYP450 enzyme... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494977 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5494976&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F5%2F437%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5494976 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5494976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297147&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F4%2F432%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297147 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297146&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F4%2F427%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297146 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297145&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F417%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Colesevelam is effective as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with T2DM. Due to its effects upon LDL-C and glycemic parameters and favorable safety profile, colesevelam can play a role in an array of T2DM patients. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297145 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297145 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297144&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F409%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Portions of the ASHP guidelines have been implemented by most institutions, while 35% of institutions have yet to address The Joint Commission’s clarification to approve drugs for specific indications. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297144 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297143&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F404%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Standardized dosing with a multidisciplinary-managed anticoagulation protocol significantly increased proper dosing of anticoagulation therapy; however, the protocol did not significantly improve proper monitoring. A lack of understanding of the need for baseline laboratory data contributes to improper monitoring. An approach which includes significant educational strategies is necessary to optimize patient care. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297143 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297142&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F400%3Frss%3D1 We present a case of a patient who took Xendarine EFX for 2 weeks prior to her presentation to an emergency department with headaches and hypertensive urgency (blood pressure [BP] 234/130 mm Hg). Her BP was controlled after discontinuation of Xenadrine and initiation a nitroprusside drip and oral clonidine. A Naranjo probability score of 6 indicates the adverse drug reaction was probable. Clinicians should be aware of potential cardiovascular changes in patients on Xenadrine EFX or other synephrine-containing products. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297142 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297141&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F391%3Frss%3D1 Hyponatremia is a very common electrolyte abnormality. Dilutional hyponatremia is very difficult to treat effectively due to the complications of conventional treatment. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) plays an integral role in circulatory and water homeostasis. AVP is a hormone released in response to increases in plasma tonicity or decreases in plasma volume in an attempt to maintain the plasma osmolality between 284 and 295 mOsm/L. AVP receptor antagonists or "vaptans" are a new class of drugs that allow for the safe and efficacious treatment of dilutional hyponatremia. Conivaptan, a mixed V1a/V2 receptor antagonist, and tolvaptan, a selective V2 receptor antagonist, are the only 2 vaptans approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297141 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297140&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F386%3Frss%3D1 Evidence shows that the male ideology has a significant impact on men’s health status. Men who adhere to the traditional masculine ideology may find messages regarding healthcare to be threatening. Pharmacists can use the Extended Parallel Process (EPP) Model to counsel men in a manner that reduces their feelings of fear and danger regarding their health while controlling feelings of vulnerability and susceptibility. When counseling men using the EPP Model, pharmacists are encouraged to use universal statements and open-ended questions to create patient awareness of the disease state and foster discussion. Furthermore, since men engage in limited nonverbal communication, pharmacists need to be direct and ask for feedback to gauge the patient’s understanding of the counseling. (... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297140 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297139&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F374%3Frss%3D1 Urinary incontinence (UI) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are 2 common urogenital problems in men. UI is associated with involuntary leakage of urine and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of urgency, frequency, and nocturia. Types of UI include functional, urge, stress, and overflow. Treatment for UI is based on the type of incontinence, patient-specific factors, and treatment preferences of both patients and health care providers. Options for the management of UI include environmental modifications, disposable incontinence products, pelvic floor exercises, pharmacotherapy, surgically implanted devices, and intermittent catheterization. BPH may be also associated with LUTS. Patient symptoms, assessed with a measurement tool such as the American Urological Association Symptom Index... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297139 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297138&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F4%2F366%3Frss%3D1 Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a challenging aspect in the treatment of prostate cancer. Research has identified several pathways in the pathogenesis of CRPC. Several new agents targeting some of these pathways have shown promising data during clinical trials. In the area of androgen depletion, abiraterone acetate and MDV100 have been studied and have shown to decrease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in phase I and II studies. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody antiangiogenesis agent that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and has shown to decrease PSA levels in combination with other cytotoxic agents. Three agents, ixabepilone, patupilone, and sagopilone, in the class of epothilones (tubulin polymerizing antitumor agents), have shown moderate reductio... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297138 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297137&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F4%2F365%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297137 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895446&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F3%2F354%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895446 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895445&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F3%2F351%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895445 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895444&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F345%3Frss%3D1 Discussion: Our analysis means that the society can spend up to the cost of noncompliance in screening, education, and prevention efforts in an attempt to reduce these costly and traumatic sequelae of poorly controlled hypertension in the light of published analysis. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895444 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895443&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F339%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: This study serves as an assessment of the needs of New York City pharmacists with regard to provision of MTM services. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895443 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895442&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F332%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Six months of pharmacist intervention resulted in improvement in patients achieving ADA and VA performance measure goals individually and in combination. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895442 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895441&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F323%3Frss%3D1 It is estimated that over 15% of men use natural biologic-based therapies, which includes herbal products and supplements. There are certain conditions that are specific to men, such as erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hypertrophy, for which there is some evidence of the efficacy and safety of herbal medications. Furthermore, men may also be more likely to use supplements for energy improvement, muscle gain, and exercise tolerance, and there are a number of supplements proven to aid in these. Practitioners must understand the safety and efficacy of these agents, as well as the patient’s full history and goals, prior to recommending any of the therapies discussed herein. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895441 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895440&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F316%3Frss%3D1 There is a higher prevalence of low testosterone levels in males with type 2 diabetes compared to those without. Additionally, there is evidence that low testosterone levels may predict the development of type 2 diabetes. Symptoms of hypogonadism include decreased libido, decreased bone mineral density (BMD), and decreased lean muscle mass. The majority of the published cases in men with diabetes were attributed to age-related idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This paper reviews the link between type 2 diabetes and age-related hypogonadism and the treatment options for hypogonadism. Pharmacists who provide care for males with diabetes should be aware of the increased incidence of hypogonadism, know how to screen for it, and be able to recommend appropriate therapy. (Source: Journal... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895440 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895439&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F307%3Frss%3D1 The prevalence of osteoporosis is estimated to be 18% in men, but 30% of all fractures occur in men. With age, men experience a gradual decline in testosterone production and bone density. The rate of trabecular bone loss in the lumbar spine in men over age 50 can be double the rate of loss in men under age 50. Endogenous testosterone, estradiol, and their metabolites play a role in maintaining bone health, but their specific effects on bone turnover have been difficult to elucidate. Recently, large cohort studies have provided more detailed information confirming estrogen’s associations and further characterizing the effect of endogenous testosterone and its metabolites on bone mineral density and fractures. Very few clinical trials have assessed the impact of testosterone replaceme... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895439 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895438&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F3%2F298%3Frss%3D1 Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. Endogenous testosterone is critical for normal libido; however, studies have also demonstrated a potentially important role with respect to the erectile process. The prevalence of testosterone deficiency ranges from 1.7% to 35% in patients with ED, and age is a common factor linking ED and testosterone deficiency. By 2025, global estimates are that there will be 356 million men >65 years. Age-associated testosterone deficiency is characterized by symptoms such as ED, and low serum testosterone. Randomized, placebo controlled studies have established the utility of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for the restoration of serum testosterone levels t... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895438 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4895437&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F3%2F297%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4895437 Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4895437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748732&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F2%2F247%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748732 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748731&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F2%2F246%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748731 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748730&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F2%2F244%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748730 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748729&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F2%2F241%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748729 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748728&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F235%3Frss%3D1 In 2010 many of the health disciplines in Australia will be involved in national registration and accreditation, to ensure a more sustainable and flexible health workforce for the future. To this end, in each of the health professions, there is an increasing emphasis on reflective practice and lifelong learning to maintain practice competency. This research focuses on academic teaching and learning in the Pharmacy undergraduate curriculum to develop an indicator tool of graduate practice skills before the student enters the practice internship year. The Graduated Descriptors Competency Tool was developed by means of state, territory, and national stakeholder collaboration. The aim of the project was to assist the scaffolding processes around undergraduate practice teaching and learning. St... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748728 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748727&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F223%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this research was to assess the knowledge levels and attitudes of all students enrolled in 1 biomedical university regarding the human papillomavirus quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine (Gardasil-Merck; the HPV vaccine). A survey of students from all 7 programs at the University was conducted in January 2009. A total of 1120 useable questionnaires were obtained. These programs included pharmacy, osteopathic medicine, physician assistant, physical therapy, occupational therapy, doctor of psychology, and master of biomedical sciences. Mean percentage correct on the HPV vaccine knowledge test was 73. Subjects scored highest on the question that asks whether the vaccine helps prevent cervical cancer (97% correct) and lowest on the one asking whether it h... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748727 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748726&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F216%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Potential intrapatient variability in ATV troughs suggests that repeated measurements may be required to ensure that target values are maintained. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748726 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748725&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F211%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Lack of patient education prior to Ramadan may contribute to the suboptimal practices reported. Pharmacists may be able to ensure safe fasting practices among Arab Americans by providing patient-specific education. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748725 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748724&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F203%3Frss%3D1 This study researches the efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon alpha-2a (pegIFNα-2a) in Egyptian children and adolescents diagnosed with hepatitis C virus. Thirty patients were enrolled to receive pegIFN once a week with ribavirin twice daily for 12 weeks; viral load and experienced adverse effects were then assessed. Of the 30 patients, 16 (53.33%) were cleared from the virus, showing early virologic response (EVR). Three patients (10%) showed a 2-log reduction by week 12, with an overall early response rate of 63.33%. Three patients who showed EVR after 4 weeks relapsed by week 12. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalized at week 12. Adverse events included fever, myalgia, headache, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, anemia, and leucopenia; 63.33% of the patients s... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748724 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748723&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F196%3Frss%3D1 The practice of antimicrobial stewardship can be defined as optimizing clinical outcomes while minimizing the consequences of antimicrobial therapy such as resistance and superinfection. Antimicrobial stewardship can be difficult to transition to the emergency department (ED) since the traditional activities include the evaluation of broad-spectrum antimicrobial regimens at 72 and 96 hours and intravenous to oral medication conversion. The emergency medicine clinical pharmacist (EPh) has the knowledge and clinical assessment skills to manage an antimicrobial stewardship program focused on culture follow-up for patients discharged from the ED. This paper summarizes the experiences of developing an EPh-managed antimicrobial stewardship and culture follow-up program in the ED from 2 separate ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748723 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748722&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F189%3Frss%3D1 Patients present to the emergency department (ED) for a variety of reasons and some require diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for their conditions. In order for some of these procedures to be carried out successfully, the patient must be at a suppressed level of consciousness in order to tolerate the associated pain and anxiety. Medications administered to achieve these goals include analgesics and sedatives as they decrease the patient’s discomfort and awareness while allowing the patient to maintain their airway. However, medication selection and dosing is critical and should be tailored to each patient and procedure. Pharmacists have an opportunity to reduce medication errors during procedural sedation and analgesia (PSAA) as the majority of medication errors leading to advers... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748722 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748721&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F174%3Frss%3D1 Clinicians are frequently confronted with toxicological emergencies and challenged with the task of correctly identifying the possible agents involved and providing appropriate treatments. In this review article, we describe the epidemiology of overdoses, provide a practical approach to the recognition and diagnosis of classic toxidromes, and discuss the initial management strategies that should be considered in all overdoses. In addition, we evaluate some of the most common agents involved in poisonings and present their respective treatments. Recognition of toxidromes with knowledge of indications for antidotes and their limitations for treating overdoses is crucial for the acute care of poisoned patients. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748721 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748720&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F160%3Frss%3D1 Stroke continues to be one of the leading causes of death and adult disability. Increasing public awareness of stroke has led to a rise in the number of patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) who qualify for emergent and time-sensitive treatments such as t-PA, clot extraction, and surgery. Timely treatment and supportive care of the stroke patient in the ED is crucial for patient outcomes. Emergency medicine (EM) pharmacists are the medication experts and can have a significant impact on the care of a stroke patient. Thus, it is essential for EM pharmacists to have a solid knowledge of the current guidelines and evidence-based literature or lack there of. In this article, we describe the epidemiology of stroke, review the classifications of stroke, and discuss the present treat... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748720 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748719&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F146%3Frss%3D1 This article discusses the aforementioned pharmacotherapeutic topics and describes the role of the Emergency Pharmacist on the ED trauma team. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748719 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748718&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F2%2F135%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the history and general concepts of EM pharmacy practice as well as illustrate some of the established benefits of an EM pharmacist. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748718 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4748717&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F2%2F133%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4748717 Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4748717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567125&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F1%2F125%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567125 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567124&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F1%2F123%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567124 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567123&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F114%3Frss%3D1 The production and distribution of counterfeit medications has become a significant global public health issue and though not as rampant in the United States as in other parts of the world, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has seen a 10-fold increase in the number of cases investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine California pharmacist knowledge of counterfeit medications, impact of technology and barriers to pharmacist involvement, and potential roles pharmacists can undertake. Our results showed that 59.3% of respondents believe counterfeit drugs pose a problem to the profession, but most had little to no experience with counterfeit medications. For potential sources, 44.5% believe patient use of Internet pharmacies, 39.4% indicated professional counterfeiters, and 16.... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567123 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567122&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F109%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Patient weight may not predict pain response to morphine in the ED. Dosing strategies based on patient weight may not be necessary in this patient population. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567122 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567121&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F102%3Frss%3D1 Qualitative urine drug assays are frequently used in conjunction with opioid contracts as a means of monitoring use of prescribed controlled substances as well as concurrent use of illicit substances in patients receiving opioids for chronic nonmalignant pain (CNMP) management. Appropriate use of these screening tests, in conjunction with opioid contracts, may provide the health care provider with additional information needed to safely prescribe opioids for selected individuals with CNMP. It is important for the practitioner caring for patients subject to random urine drug screening to understand interferences with the commonly used urine drug assays, as well as knowing options to confirm contested test results. We reviewed the literature on urine drug assay test interferences and present... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567121 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567120&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F94%3Frss%3D1 Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It affects 6% to 7% of the population and is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction. Women with the disorder often present with insulin resistance and obesity, making it importance for health care providers to monitor closely for signs and symptoms of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Treatments are targeted toward improving insulin tolerance, reducing signs and symptoms of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, anovulation, etc), restoring normal menstrual cycle function, and restoring fertility. Major treatment should include weight management through diet and exercise, regardless of body mass index and might include concurrent drug therapy. It is important that pharmacists unders... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567120 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567120 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567119&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F89%3Frss%3D1 Maggot therapy is an old remedy, which is being looked into with renewed interest. The use of medicinal maggots was approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medical device in 2004. Maggot therapy appears to be efficacious, well tolerated, and cost-effective. Because American Medical Association (AMA) and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) released reimbursement coding guidelines with regards to maggot therapy, there is a potential for a wider use of maggot therapy in United States in the near future. Several mechanisms of action suggested for maggots in debriding wounds are discussed. While maggot therapy demonstrated effectiveness in necrotic wounds, not all wound types respond well to maggot therapy. Future large, randomized, well-designed studies would help better deline... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567119 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567118&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F78%3Frss%3D1 Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and stress gastric ulcers can be serious complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. This review discusses the risk factors associated with the development of DVT and stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD), evaluates the available literature on current options for DVT and stress ulcer prophylaxis, and examines the associated adverse effects and optimal duration of therapy. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567118 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567117&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F70%3Frss%3D1 Nutrition support in the critically ill patient has shifted from adjunctive toward fundamental therapy with the publication of high-grade evidence. Early enteral nutrition (EN) is recommended because it is associated with decreased infectious complications and use of EN is associated with decreased mortality and infections compared with parenteral nutrition (PN). EN is not without risks, such as diarrhea or aspiration, but use of prokinetic agents, head of bed elevation, and use of feeding protocols can maximize benefits and minimize risks. Although recently high-grade evidence on nutrition support in the critically ill population has been published, many controversies still exist. In obese patients, use of hypocaloric feedings with increased protein has been demonstrated to promote weight... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567117 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567116&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F61%3Frss%3D1 Acute kidney insufficiency (AKI), or injury, is common in the critically ill patient. Minimal increases in serum creatinine (Scr) have been associated with greater morbidity, mortality, and hospital cost. In 2002, the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) proposed a consensus definition (the RIFLE classification) which was modified after continuing evidence suggested that small changes in Scr (≥0.3 mg/dL) led to worsening outcomes. This group, known as the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), suggests 3 stages of worsening kidney function. Such definitions may aid in identifying patients at greatest risk and further the development of preventive strategies. This review will focus on the epidemiology and etiology of AKI as well as provide a mechanistic description of drug-induced AKI. ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567116 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567115&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F44%3Frss%3D1 Shock states have multiple etiologies, but all result in hypoperfusion to vital organs, which can lead to organ failure and death if not quickly and appropriately managed. Pharmacists should be familiar with cardiogenic, distributive, and hypovolemic shock and should be involved in providing safe and effective medical therapies. An accurate diagnosis is necessary to initiate appropriate lifesaving interventions and target therapeutic goals specific to the type of shock. Clinical signs and symptoms, as well as hemodynamic data, help with initial assessment and continued monitoring to provide adequate support for the patient. It is necessary to understand these hemodynamic parameters, medication mechanisms of action, and available mechanical support when developing a patient-specific treatme... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567115 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567114&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F35%3Frss%3D1 Infection is common in the critically ill and often results due to the severity of the patient’s illness. Recent data suggest 51% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients are infected, and 71% receive antimicrobial therapy. Bacterial infection is the primary concern, although some fungal infections are opportunistic. Infection more than doubles the ICU mortality rate, and the costs associated with infection may be as high as 40% of total ICU expenditures. There are many contemporary antimicrobial resistance concerns that the critical care clinician must consider in managing the pharmacotherapy of infection. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin resistance in Enterococci, beta-lactamase resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567114 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567113&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F27%3Frss%3D1 Most critically ill patients receive a myriad of psychoactive medications during their hospital stay. An understanding of the pharmacology of the more commonly used sedative and analgesic therapies enables the clinician to aptly utilize these medications and limit toxicity. A key to the appropriate provision of sedative and analgesic pharmacotherapy is a thorough patient assessment, use of validated monitoring tools, and defined therapeutic goals. Limiting these therapies while optimizing patient comfort has been shown to reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation and reduce intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay and should be the aim of the multidisciplinary medical team. This review is intended to provide the reader with a fundamental understanding of how to facilitate ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567113 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567112&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F17%3Frss%3D1 Acid–base disorders are common in the critically ill. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is frequently used to identify and manage acid–base disturbances. Using a systematic problem-solving approach to acid–base disturbances will facilitate the identification and assess the progression and severity of the metabolic and respiratory abnormality. The intent of this review is to examine acid–base physiology and regulation, provide a method to evaluate a patient’s acid–base disorder, and provide therapeutic interventions. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567112 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567111&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F24%2F1%2F7%3Frss%3D1 Mechanical ventilation is a common therapeutic modality required for the management of patients unable to maintain adequate intrinsic ventilation and oxygenation. Mechanical ventilators can be found within various hospital and nonhospital environments (ie, nursing homes, skilled nursing facilities, and patient’s home residence), but these devices generally require the skill of a multidisciplinary health care team to optimize therapeutic outcomes. Unfortunately, pharmacists have been excluded in the discussion of mechanical ventilation since this therapeutic modality may be perceived as irrelevant to drug utilization and the usual scope of practice of a hospital pharmacist. However, the pharmacist provides a crucial role as a member of the multidisciplinary team in the management of t... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567111 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4567110&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F24%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4567110 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4567110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152803&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F6%2F592%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152803 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152802&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F6%2F590%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152802 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152801&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F585%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Upon tacrolimus dose increases, discontinuation of carbamazepine, and minimization of phenobarbital dose, effective tacrolimus trough levels were achieved in our patient. Identification and elimination of such drug–drug interactions is necessary to assure adequate immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152801 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152800&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F579%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Despite the existence of comprehensive guidelines for the prevention and treatment of DVT and PE, it is not performed accurately. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152800 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152799&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F575%3Frss%3D1 A new set of standards, ACPE Standards 2007, adopted by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), required all pharmacy programs to include introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) to represent 5% of the curriculum and advance pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) to represent 25% of the curriculum. This required many pharmacy programs to revise their curriculum to meet these requirements. The challenge of satisfying the increased accreditation requirements along with the increased number of new pharmacy programs in the United States has resulted in increased competition for experiential sites. Drake University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) College of Pharmacy utilized innovative immunization serv... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152799 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152798&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F570%3Frss%3D1 The stability of pergolide mesylate in an oral aqueous liquid was studied. Stability and solubility data were used to determine the degradation characteristics of the drug in this formulation. Samples were stored in the dark at 35°C, 45°C, and 60°C. At 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, samples were removed and stored in a –80°C freezer for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay at a later date. The initial drug concentration of 0.30 mg/mL was determined by assay after storage at –80°C. A solubility of 6.9 mg/mL was found for pergolide mesylate in the oral liquid at room temperature with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.0%. The degradation process is considered first-order at 25°C and 35°C. At higher temperatures (45°C and 60°... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152798 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152797&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F560%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: A combined 2-hour self-study and 3-hour live interactive program is efficient and effective in training professionals on CPD. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152797 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152796&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F553%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: Study respondents reported lack of adequate research training during their postgraduate experiences and current faculty positions. Confidence among faculty to conduct research was also low compared to their confidence to fulfill other expectations of their position. Adequate preparation of current and future academicians is critical to ensuring the success and retention of faculty in the United States. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152796 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152795&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F548%3Frss%3D1 The objective was to study the influence of storage conditions on the quality of inhalation capsules and to investigate patients’ knowledge and adherence to storage instructions. Inhalation capsules marketed in the Netherlands were stored at normal (20°C/60% relative humidity) and dry (20°C/25% relative humidity) conditions during 34 days and checked for brittleness. After 1 day of storage at normal conditions, no brittleness was perceived. Longer periods and dry conditions increased the risk of brittleness. Only tiotropium capsules resisted all test situations. Subsequently, patients using inhalation capsules were sent a questionnaire in order to investigate their knowledge and actual behavior regarding storage of the capsules. Adherence to the required storage instructions ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152795 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152794&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F540%3Frss%3D1 Nearly 50 million women each year are projected to reach menopause by 2030. Many of these women will experience vasomotor symptoms such as night sweats and hot flashes as they enter the menopausal transition. Up until the release of the findings of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) studies, women were frequently prescribed hormone therapy (HT) to alleviate bothersome and sometimes debilitating menopausal symptoms as well as to prevent osteoporosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Although the WHI studies were the first large, randomized, controlled trials that contradicted what was historically believed about the benefits of HT in postmenopausal women, important limitations including baseline demographics of WHI participants and investigation of only one HT strength/dosage form ex... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152794 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152793&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F536%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this study was to determine whether patients enrolled in a centralized amiodarone monitoring service (AMS) were more adherent to amiodarone surveillance and whether the incidence of amiodarone-related toxicity differed for patients who were enrolled in the AMS. Amiodarone therapy was initiated in 917 patients in an integrated health care delivery system between October 1998 and December 2006. Electronic records were queried to establish the proportion of patients completing recommended amiodarone monitoring during the first year of therapy; specifically, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), electrocardiogram (ECG), and chest radiograph (CXR). Patients were assigned to the AMS or control cohort based on when amiodarone was initiated. Patients a... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152793 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152792&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F531%3Frss%3D1 Antimicrobial stewardship is an important process proven to combat antimicrobial resistance, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) have provided guidelines for the provision of antimicrobial stewardship. According to these recommendations, antimicrobial stewardship teams should be multidisciplinary in nature, with core members consisting of an infectious disease physician and an infectious disease–trained clinical pharmacist. Due to limited resources, our institution chose to implement a pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship service on 1 medical/surgical ward, with the existing clinical pharmacist and 3 infectious disease physicians as core members. This clinical p... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152792 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152791&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F6%2F525%3Frss%3D1 The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of a reflective writing component in a fourth year (P-2) pharmacy communication skills course would significantly affect 2 measures of learning: (1) objective multiple choice examination questions and (2) a patient counseling Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) score. Using a nonequivalent group quasi-experimental retrospective comparison design, 98 randomly selected final examination scores from students taking a nonwriting intensive (NWI) communication skills course were compared with 112 randomly selected final examination scores from students that took a communication skills course in which students engaged in several reflective writing assignments. In addition, 91 randomly selected patient counseling OSCE scores... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152791 Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4152791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028296&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F5%2F513%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028296 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028295&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F23%2F5%2F511%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028295 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028294&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F5%2F507%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028294 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028293&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F502%3Frss%3D1 Federal regulation of the traditional art of pharmacy practice compounding is an unsettled area of the law and the profession. For many years, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was not interested in compounding. Attempts to regulate by FDA and Congress have caused difficulty within the profession, litigation with inconsistent results, and an unsettled state of affairs. There are a number of possible resolutions. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028293 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028292&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F496%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Pharmacists perceive many barriers to providing immunizations. Training student pharmacists to give immunizations may not result in them providing immunizations upon graduation. Additional education on overcoming potential barriers and using senior student pharmacists to administer immunizations is needed. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028292 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028291&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F492%3Frss%3D1 The objective of the study is to improve pharmaceutical services provided by the call center, by using queueing theory and discrete event dynamic simulation to analyze incoming telephone traffic to the help desk. Queueing and simulation models using both archival and hand-gathered data over a 1-year period were created, compared, and presented in order to determine the minimum quantities of staff needed to reach the desired service threshold. The simulation model was validated in comparison with real-world data. Results suggest that telephone traffic congestion in this setting may be alleviated by increasing the number of staff responsible for telephone services from 2 to 6 throughout the week, with an additional one serving on Monday. Both queueing and simulative models can be used to imp... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028291 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028290&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F483%3Frss%3D1 Therapeutic hypothermia is becoming an important intervention following acute neurologic injury despite inconclusive results concerning efficacy. This enthusiasm primarily stems from a lack of other effective interventions in this population. With the increase in the use of therapeutic hypothermia, several practical issues must be considered when initiating this intervention. Clinical pharmacists can play an important role in anticipating and addressing some complications such as shivering, slow drug metabolism, and infection. This review will discuss the available literature concerning the efficacy of therapeutic hypothermia in various neurologic injuries, as well as the most common adverse events associated with it. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028290 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028289&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F470%3Frss%3D1 Disorders of sodium and water balance are common in patients with central nervous system (CNS) disease. These disorders frequently complicate the treatment course by precipitating or worsening neurological symptoms. These patients are not only at risk for symptoms secondary to dysnatremia but also at risk from the consequences of treatment. If not treated properly, this electrolyte disturbance can vastly increase morbidity and can even lead to death. Appropriate diagnosis and intervention requires an understanding of the physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in sodium and water homeostasis. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028289 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028288&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F455%3Frss%3D1 Critically ill neurologic patients can pose a challenge when it comes to providing sedation and analgesia, primarily with the balance of maintaining sedation to provide patient comfort while still allowing a neurological examination. Determination of the optimal agent requires assessment and understanding of the underlying requirement for sedation: provision of analgesia, anxiolysis, or treatment of delirium. Pharmacological options exist that can affect individual or multiple underlying sedation requirements. Numerous evaluation tools exist to monitor the efficacy of sedation as well as help clinicians titrate agents to predefined goals; these tools allow the safe administration of drugs that can otherwise have serious adverse effects. Sedation regimens must ultimately be individualized t... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028288 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028287&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F441%3Frss%3D1 Seizures are serious complications seen in critically ill patients and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if the cause is not identified and treated quickly. Uncontrolled seizures can lead to status epilepticus (SE), which is considered a medical emergency. The first-line treatment of seizures is an intravenous (IV) benzodiazepine followed by anticonvulsant therapy. Refractory SE can evolve into a nonconvulsive state requiring IV anesthetics or induction of pharmacological coma. To prevent seizures and further complications in critically ill patients with acute neurological disease or injury, short-term seizure prophylaxis should be considered in certain patients. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028287 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028286&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F425%3Frss%3D1 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the United States. While there are no pharmacotherapeutic options currently available for attenuating the neurologic injury cascade after TBI, numerous pharmacologic issues are encountered in these critically ill patients. Adequate fluid resuscitation, reversal of coagulopathy, maintenance of cerebral perfusion, and treatment of intracranial hypertension are common interventions early in the treatment of TBI. Other deleterious complications such as venous thromboembolism, extremes in glucose concentrations, and stress-related mucosal disease should be anticipated and avoided. Early provision of nutrition and prevention of drug or alcohol withdrawal are also cornerstones of routine care in TBI patients. Prevention of i... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028286 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028285&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F408%3Frss%3D1 Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a type of hemorrhagic stroke that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Although guidelines have been published to help direct the care of these patients, there is insufficient quality literature regarding the medical and pharmacological management of patients with aSAH. Treatment is divided into 3 categories: supportive therapy, prevention of complications, and treatment of complications. There are numerous pharmacological therapies that are targeted at prevention and treatment of the neurological and medical complications that may arise. Rebleeding, hydrocephalus, cerebral vasospasm, and seizures are the most common neurological complications while the most common medical complications include hyponatremia, pulmonary edema, cardiac ar... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028285 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028284&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F398%3Frss%3D1 Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating subtypes of stroke and is characterized by spontaneous extravasation into the parenchymal tissue of the brain. Although advances in critical care have improved, there is no intervention currently available that has shown to alter the outcome of patients who have suffered acute ICH. Therefore, management is largely supportive. Treatment strategies are aimed at limiting hematoma enlargement, seizures, and cerebral edema, as well as other ICU-related complications such as deep venous thrombosis, hyperglycemia, and fever. This review will outline the key pharmacological management strategies in patients with ICH and highlight the most current American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) guidelines for management ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028284 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028284 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028283&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F5%2F387%3Frss%3D1 Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States and the number one cause of adult long-term disability. Disability in stroke survivors includes hemiparesis, aphasia, inability to walk without assistance, dependence on others for activities of daily living, depression, and institutionalization. Immediate recognition of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) signs and symptoms is required because many treatment options are time sensitive. Hospital transport via activation of 911 and emergency medical services (EMSs) removes delays to urgent diagnosis and intervention. Intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen (rt-PA) is a time-sensitive reperfusion strategy. The American Heart Association (AHA) and American Stroke Association (ASA) recently revised recommendations that the time wi... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028283 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028283 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4028282&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F5%2F385%3Frss%3D1 (No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4028282 Mon, 04 Oct 2010 19:58:59 +0100 4028282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800138&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F4%2F379%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800138 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800137&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F4%2F377%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800137 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800136&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F4%2F376%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800136 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800135&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F4%2F374%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800135 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800134&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F371%3Frss%3D1 This article highlights some basic accreditation concepts from the Accreditation Council on Pharmacy Education’s 2007 standards that apply to experiential training in the pharmacy profession. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800134 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800133&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F367%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Use of the Naranjo ADR Probability Scale indicates a probable relationship between SJS and furosemide in this patient. Clinicians should be aware of this rare potential adverse effect, even months after the initiation of therapy. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800133 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800132&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F358%3Frss%3D1 In conclusion, the length of pharmacy practice in Arizona and having a family member or close friend affected by skin cancer significantly impacted a pharmacists’ knowledge of skin cancer. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800132 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800131&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F352%3Frss%3D1 Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic that has been associated with myelosuppression, including leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Few studies have assessed the use of linezolid in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients. The authors evaluated patients who were admitted to the BMT service at their institution from 2001 to 2002 and had undergone ≥3 days of linezolid therapy. These patients (cases) were matched with BMT patients who had not undergone linezolid therapy (controls). Forty-nine patients were evaluated; 25 cases and 24 controls. The authors found no significant differences in the duration of neutropenia or thrombocytopenia, but there was a trend toward a difference in time to engraftment (P = .16). More bleeding episodes were seen and more platelet transfusions were needed... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800131 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800130&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F344%3Frss%3D1 Pharmacists need to apply outcomes from studies to reduce risk and improve patient care. Interpretation of outcomes is based on a variety of assessment tools, such as P values and confidence intervals (CIs). P values determine statistical significance of data, while CIs suggest the degree of clinical application. Many health care providers might not have the skill set required to carefully examine and interpret statistical results and then are required to assume that the researchers of the study correctly interpreted and presented the statistical results. The reluctance to examine statistical data often reflects a misconception that concepts such as P values and CIs are difficult to understand, while in reality, both can be interpreted once basic definitions and applications are understood... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800130 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800129&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F335%3Frss%3D1 Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) require immediate reperfusion therapy in order to salvage ischemic myocardial tissue and reduce mortality. Reperfusion therapy can be provided mechanically with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or pharmacologically with fibrinolysis. Regardless of the reperfusion strategy selected, the appropriate use of anticoagulant therapy is critical to its success. There have been a number of clinical trials evaluating the different anticoagulants in patients with STEMI, as well as recent updates to the guidelines for management of patients with STEMI and on the use of PCI. When making clinical decisions on the use of anticoagulant therapy in the management of patients with STEMI, it is important to not only understand t... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800129 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800128&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F324%3Frss%3D1 There are currently over 1 million patients admitted to hospitals in the United States with the diagnosis of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS). Due to the significant morbidity and mortality associated with NSTE ACS, appropriate use of the numerous medications employed is critical in ensuring optimal outcomes. Because atherosclerotic plaque rupture and thrombus formation are the central pathophysiologic process in patients with NSTE ACS, it is important to utilize effective and safe combinations of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drug therapy. There are a number of different anticoagulant agents available for use in patients with NSTE ACS, but it is essential to have an in-depth knowledge of the setting in which these agents have been investigated, what current con... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800128 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800127&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F313%3Frss%3D1 Clinical practice guidelines currently suggest extended anticoagulation therapy for primary and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The optimal duration of anticoagulation has been an active area of clinical investigation for patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries and those diagnosed with a first episode of unprovoked VTE. Practice guidelines, VTE incidence, clinical predictors/mediators, and clinical trial evidence is reviewed to help pharmacists and other health care providers make an informed, patient-specific decision on the optimal duration of anticoagulation therapy. Extended anticoagulation up to 5 weeks following orthopedic surgery for primary VTE prevention and indefinitely following a first episode of unprovoked VTE for secondary VTE prevention should be consi... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800127 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800126&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F303%3Frss%3D1 Updates in recent clinical guidelines have led to a change in the management of perioperative anticoagulation for patients on oral anticoagulant therapy. No standardized bridging consensus exists in the literature. The necessity for bridging therapy is determined based on careful consideration of the thrombosis risk versus the bleeding risk of the procedure. Risk stratification will aid the decision to bridge or not to bridge. Patients are bridged with agents with appropriate kinetics to allow for their elimination prior to the time of the procedure in order to decrease the risk of hemorrhage during invasive procedures. This intent of this article is to discuss perioperative bridging therapy and provide a practical guide for the clinician. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800126 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800125&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F4%2F294%3Frss%3D1 Clinicians must always maintain a heightened suspicion for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the cancer patient population. VTE is common in this population and often results in morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology is complex and likely multifactorial. Risk factors for VTE include patient-associated, cancer-associated, and treatment-associated factors as well as biomarkers. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a cornerstone for VTE prophylaxis and treatment. Studies have shown that LMWH may decrease VTE recurrence and impart a survival benefit. Organizational guidelines are available to assist the clinician in choosing appropriate anticoagulant agents, dosing, and duration of prophylaxis and treatment. Pharmacists serve an important role for the safe and effectiv... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800125 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3800124&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F4%2F293%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3800124 Thu, 29 Jul 2010 20:07:58 +0100 3800124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623010&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F282%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623010 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623009&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F279%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623009 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623008&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F277%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623008 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623007&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F274%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623007 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623006&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F273%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623006 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623005&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F265%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions: The results of this national volunteer preceptor survey may assist pharmacy school leaders in understanding how location, practice type, and population density affect experiential education, preceptor time-quality issues, and site compensation so they can take necessary actions to improve quality of student practice experiences. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623005 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623004&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F250%3Frss%3D1 This paper summarizes the outcomes associated with pharmacist involvement in diabetes care in all pharmacy practice settings. Published literature was identified through a search of MEDLINE (1960 to September, week 1, 2008) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts using the search terms "pharmacist," "pharmaceutical care," and "diabetes mellitus." Only articles reporting clinical or behavior change outcomes were selected for review; papers written outside the United States and citations only in abstract form were not reviewed. The specific data extracted included the following: practice setting, model of care, roles of the pharmacist, study design, number of patients studied, duration of the evaluation, and documented outcomes such as changes in hemoglobin A1c values, adherence to standa... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623004 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623003&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F245%3Frss%3D1 Multicomponent dietary weight loss supplements comprise the single largest segment of herbal preparations available to the public. As a result of limited de novo regulatory oversight, supplement-related adverse events are underreported secondary to the lack of adequate pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical data. Here we report the case of an obese 63-year-old caucasian female with a 2-day history of symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response following a 2-week course of therapy with hydroxycut, a multicomponent dietary weight loss supplement devoid of sympathomimetic amines. Upon presentation, the patient received 2 doses of intravenous diltiazem, was loaded with intravenous digoxin, and spontaneously converted to normal sinus rhythm 36 hours f... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623003 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623002&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F239%3Frss%3D1 Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neuropsychiatric, lifelong disorder with onset in childhood. The essential features of this disorder are multiple motor tics and one or more vocalizations. The neurochemical pathophysiology of GTS involves an unknown abnormality in the central dopaminergic system. Atypical antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole, serve as a new therapeutic option for GTS. The authors describe a unique case of Tourette’s syndrome (TS) in an adolescent in which aripiprazole resolved the patient’s symptoms. A 17-year-old, 5'11'' tall, African American male weighing 220 lbs was diagnosed with TS at 9 years old. By age 16, the patient developed prominent symptoms of intermitted eye blinking, forehead raising, finger snapping, heavy breathing, and head bobbing. ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623002 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623001&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F235%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion: Fondaparinux is an attractive anticoagulant therapy in patients with HIT. There is still the need for larger randomized trials evaluating the true efficacy, appropriate dose, safe duration of treatment, and the true incidence of HIT associated with fondaparinux. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623001 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3623000&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F226%3Frss%3D1 This article reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and pharmacotherapy of HIT. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3623000 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3623000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3622999&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F217%3Frss%3D1 Therapeutic anticoagulation with heparins, warfarin, and anti-Xa inhibitors carry an inherent risk of complications due to their multifaceted pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties as well as narrow therapeutic ranges. When an anticoagulated patient presents with a major or life-threatening bleed, immediate and effective therapy may be necessary to reverse the effects of the anticoagulant, minimize blood loss, and reduce patient morbidity and mortality. Optimal agents and strategies for anticoagulant reversal are limited, particularly for newer anticoagulants. The literature describing such strategies available to reverse the effects of anticoagulants in the setting of a bleed is limited, and therefore many controversies exist. Thus, as new anticoagulants become available, without ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3622999 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3622999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3622998&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F210%3Frss%3D1 Continuous infusion unfractionated heparin (UH) has traditionally been monitored using the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The use of this test to monitor heparin therapy is not based on randomized controlled clinical trials, and the test is associated with significant intra- and inter-patient variability that is not related to circulating blood heparin activity. Due to these and other limitations, the use of aPTT alone to monitor UF has been questioned. Many laboratories are now transitioning to monitoring actual heparin activity (by anti-factor Xa analysis). In this review, we discuss the limitations of using the aPTT to monitor UH therapy and additionally the limitations of solely using heparin activity to monitor therapy. We also include a discussion of the challenges wit... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3622998 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3622998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3622997&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F205%3Frss%3D1 The low molecular weigh heparins (LMWHs) are primarily eliminated renally, and current literature indicates that there is a reduction in clearance and an increase in half-life of LMWHs in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with elevated anti-Xa levels and an increased risk of bleeding. It therefore becomes clinically prudent to evaluate dosing adjustments in CKD. The American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), in its 2008 consensus statement, recommends 5 possible approaches to dosing LMWH in patients with severe CKD. In evaluating the individual compounds, enoxaparin, dalteparin, and tinzaparin, this article attempts to address the preferred dosing strategies. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3622997 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3622997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3622996&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F3%2F194%3Frss%3D1 Warfarin has long been the mainstay of oral anticoagulation therapy for the treatment and prevention of venous and arterial thrombosis. The narrow therapeutic index of warfarin, and the complex number of factors that influence international normalized ratio (INR) response, makes optimization of warfarin therapy challenging. Determination of the appropriate warfarin dose during initiation and maintenance therapy requires an understanding of patient factors that influence dose response: age, body weight, nutritional status, acute and chronic disease states, and changes in concomitant drug therapy and diet. This review will examine specific clinical factors that can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin, as well as the role of pharmacogenetics in optimizing warfarin the... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3622996 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3622996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3622995&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F3%2F193%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3622995 Wed, 02 Jun 2010 18:30:44 +0100 3622995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553816&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F2%2F153%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553816 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553815&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F2%2F149%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553815 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553814&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F2%2F148%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553814 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553813&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F2%2F147%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553813 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553812&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F23%2F2%2F146%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553812 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553811&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F144%3Frss%3D1 Despite the existence of Part D plans for over 3 years, pharmacists continue navigating barriers to life-saving medications in the Medicare population. The following patient case illustrates the challenges pharmacists face in dealing with the complexity of Medicare Part D. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553811 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553810&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F140%3Frss%3D1 This report details an acute reaction of thrombocytopenia in a 55-year-old, critically ill, African American male patient after receiving a loading dose of fosphenytoin and a subsequent dose of IV phenytoin. The patient presented with an intracranial hemorrhage with hematoma and a blood pressure of 204/143 mm Hg. A fosphenytoin load infused for seizure prophylaxis and the first dose of a phenytoin maintenance regimen were followed by episodes of hypotension. In response to the hypotension, phenytoin was discontinued. On hospital day 2, the patient’s platelet count had dropped dramatically from the morning before, 150 000 to 28 000/µL. The platelet count subsequently returned to baseline within 7 days of phenytoin discontinuation. The proposed cause of phenytoin-induced blood dy... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553810 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:58 +0100 3553810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553809&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F135%3Frss%3D1 To determine Ghanaian pharmacists’ perception of persons living with HIV (PLWHIV), pharmacists and other health care personnel in Ghana completed self-administered questionnaires in 3 separate studies from November 2003 to January 2005. Two of the studies (studies 2 and 3) incorporated 4 simple questions that are generally administered to determine, hypothetically, the degree of discrimination against PLWHIV. Responses to these questions were also analyzed in the 2003 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). A nondiscriminatory response to all the indicators reflected an accepting attitude, and a discriminatory response, in at least one indicator, reflected a negative attitude. In study 1, 35% of pharmacists indicated an accepting attitude toward PLWHIV. In study 2, only 17% of th... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553809 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553808&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F128%3Frss%3D1 This study evaluated the validity and reliability of a modified survey to assess patient satisfaction with mail-order and community pharmacy settings. Exploratory cross-sectional design using a convenience sample of HIV-infected patients at a university clinic was used. Satisfaction scale was modified from previously validated instrument resulting in 21 items on the final survey. Data collection occurred for 7 months, and 178 surveys were completed. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using principal components and varimax rotation. Reliability and item analyses were conducted. Factor analysis resulted in a 2-factor solution, namely "satisfaction with the efficient functioning of the pharmacy" and "satisfaction with the managing therapy role of the pharmacist," respectively. Cronb... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553808 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553807&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F117%3Frss%3D1 Herbal preparations are sold as dietary supplements in the United States and are subject to the rules and regulations of various health care and economic government agencies that monitor the sale of these products. One approach to assessing the usefulness of these substances is to focus on one particular disease state and then review both the primary literature and expert opinion. The common cold is an important illness due to its recurring nature, the number of people it afflicts, and its economic impact on patients. Dietary supplements have been shown to decrease the duration, the severity, and the frequency of symptoms of the common cold. The most commonly available supplements are zinc, ginseng, echinacea, and vitamin C. Data from expert opinion suggested that certain supplements are m... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553807 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553806&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F110%3Frss%3D1 Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with recurring episodes of itching and a chronic relapsing course. The prevalence of AD has increased exponentially over the years, along with information on how it may occur. Diagnosis of AD is typically based on physical examination and history and may be confirmed based on chronicity of symptoms, itching, and age-specific morphology. Nonpharmacological approaches include psychological interventions such as behavior modification, stress reduction techniques, and group psychotherapeutic treatments or may also include dietary restrictions, ultraviolet (UV) phototherapy, house dust mite reduction, and avoidance of enzyme-enriched detergents. Herbal therapy has also showed some promise particularly Zemaphyte®, Kamillosan®, ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553806 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553805&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F101%3Frss%3D1 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that affects approximately 1.3 million Americans. It is characterized by inflammation of the joints, most often affecting the hands, hips, and knees. Presently, there is no cure, and the commonly used pharmacological therapies are not always effective and have significant side effects, especially when used long term. Consequently, there is a need for alternative treatments for RA. Mind-body medicine (MBM), which uses the mind to affect disease processes, is a promising area for many pathological conditions, especially autoimmune disorders like RA. In this review, we highlight the basis for psychological-based interventions for the treatment of RA. The notion that the mind has an impact on immune function and several processes that ... Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553805 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553805 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553804&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F91%3Frss%3D1 Multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder causing the destruction of the impulse carrying myelin sheath of neurons, can be a debilitating and disabling disease. Symptomatic treatment has provided patients with relief through the use of antispasmodics, anticholinergics, and antidepressants, just to name a few, as well as disease treatment by decreasing progression of the illness by treating acute episodes through the use of corticosteroids, interferons, plasmapheresis, and other immunomodulators like glatiramer, mitoxantrone, and natalizumab. With medical advancements and the development of new treatments such as laquinimod, fampridine-SR, and several others, the future looks promising for those living with this illness. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553804 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3553803&cid=s_32525_13_f&fid=32525&url=http%3A%2F%2Fjpp.sagepub.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F23%2F2%2F86%3Frss%3D1 There is a need to develop novel anticancer therapies that eliminate adverse side effects produced by current treatments. Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), an endogenous neuroedocrine factor, which typically regulates biological and psychological indicators of stress, has recently been found to be expressed by tumor malignancies. Here, we discuss the implications of CRF as a target for antitumor therapy through regulation of tumor immune escape mechanisms. (Source: Journal of Pharmacy Practice) Journal of Pharmacy Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3553803 Tue, 11 May 2010 16:15:57 +0100 3553803