MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Journal of the Neurological Sciences' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 20:43:21 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584763&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11007301%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584763 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 10:43:05 +0100 5584763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584720&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100726X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584720 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 10:42:56 +0100 5584720 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527062&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006940%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527062 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 13:42:23 +0100 5527062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527019&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006903%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527019 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 13:42:22 +0100 5527019 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410582&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006319%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410582 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 04:39:07 +0100 5410582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410564&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006368%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410564 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 04:39:07 +0100 5410564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410563&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006277%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410563 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 04:39:07 +0100 5410563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584722&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100637X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: We observed functional reorganization in PD patients as compared with controls in both the motor basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry and cortical areas known to be engaged in-auditory and somatosensory feedback control of voiced speech. These changes were hemisphere-specific and might either reflect effects of dopaminergic treatment or at least partially successful compensatory mechanisms involved in early-stage PD. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584722 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5584722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584744&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005521%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. The WD gene codes for a copper transporting P-type ATPase (ATP7B) are located on chromosome 13q14.3. Mutation of this gene disrupts copper homeostasis, resulting in the accumulation of copper in the liver, brain, kidneys and corneas and copper toxication at these sites. Since the detection of the WD gene in 1993, approximately 300 disease-specific muations have been identified. We recently evaluated a Korean family with WD. The proband, a 17-year-old boy, visited our hospital due to abnormal behaviors including generalized slow movement, dysphagia, drooling and ataxia. Laboratory results revealed decreases in serum copper and ceruloplasmin and an increase in urinary excretion of copper. He had liver cirr... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584744 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5584744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584757&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006174%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: Reactive oxygen species are involved in human disorders of various kinds. In the Journal, Grosso and coworkers presented biological evidence that patients with epileptic encephalopathy have enhanced oxidative stress compared to those with idiopathic epilepsy syndromes, those who are seizure-free or with sporadic seizures, and healthy controls. They measured blood levels of F2-isoprostanes, advanced oxidative protein products, and non-protein binding iron in the subjects. All are appropriate biomarkers for assessing oxidative stress in humans. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584757 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5584757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584721&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006071%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The importance of conducting medical research on a global or international platform cannot be overemphasized in current times. Sponsors are encouraging international clinical trials for a number of reasons. Globally, clinical trials are under increasing pressure to meet patient recruitment goals quickly and efficiently, at times with very limited resources. Conducting clinical trials in multiple countries increases access to potentially eligible study subjects. It is reasonable to believe that international trials will be completed more quickly and efficiently, leading to more rapid advancement in science and conservation of research-specific resources. Rapid advancement in science can reduce the burden of disease, promote health, and extend longevity for all people. In addition,... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584721 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584721 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584731&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005946%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Serum IFN activity and IFN-β-induced responses in PBMNC are elevated in SLE and NMO patients versus MS. This argues for similarities in pathophysiology between NMO and SLE and provides an explanation for IFN-induced disease worsening in NMO. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584731 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584731 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584736&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005867%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The VDR Apa-I, Bsm-I, Fok-I and Taq-I polymorphisms are not associated with MS risk. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584736 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584752&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006010%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present three cases of overgrowth syndrome with common features of macrocephaly, capillary malformation, dysmorphic face and abnormal neurocognitive profile. These features are consistent with the newly defined M–CM syndrome. This condition must be differentiated from other overgrowth syndromes for appropriate surveillance for known complications and genetic counseling. We discuss the diagnostic criteria for the disorder and also recommend to include typical face with full cheeks, nevus flammeus of the nose and/or philtrum and upper lip, considering it as minor criterion on the basis of findings in present cases. One of the cases had bluish white iris which has not been described earlier. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584752 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584724&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006022%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we developed a DNA vaccine, p(Aβ3–10)10-IL-4, encoding ten tandem repeats of Aβ3–10 fused with mouse cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) as a molecular adjuvant. Wild-type mice were injected intramuscularly with p(Aβ3–10)10-IL-4 followed by in vivo electroporation. The p(Aβ3–10)10-IL-4 vaccine elicited high titer anti-Aβ antibodies which bound to Aβ plaque in brain tissue from a ten-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mouse. The antibody isotype was mainly IgG1 and the IgG1/IgG2a ratio in the p(Aβ3–10)10-IL-4 group was approximately eight times greater than that of the Aβ42 group. Ex vivo cultured splenocytes isolated from mice immunized with p(Aβ3–10)10-IL-4 exhibited a low IFN-γ response and a high IL-4 response compared with the control group. These results indic... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584724 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584724 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584723&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006034%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is evidence that visuo-spatial capacity can become overloaded when processing a secondary visual task (Dual Task, DT), as occurs in daily life. Hence, we investigated the influence of the visuo-spatial interference in the identification of emotional facial expressions (EFEs) in early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). We compared the identification of 24 emotional faces that illustrate six basic emotions in, unmedicated recently diagnosed PD patients (16) and healthy adults (20), under two different conditions: a) simple EFE identification, and b) identification with a concurrent visuo-spatial task (Corsi Blocks). EFE identification by PD patients was significantly worse than that of healthy adults when combined with another visual stimulus. (Source: Journal of the Neurolo... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584723 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584759&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005831%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Who hasn't felt one or more of these symptoms? Getting lost is a universal experience, writes University of Stirling lecturer Paul A. Dudchenko in the first chapter of his book, unambiguously titled Why People Get Lost, that reviews experimental evidence to delve into the reasons that might be. “Being lost,” he defines, “means being unable to find one's way.” Thus, his work addresses the psychological aspects of our ability to navigate our environment, along with the neural correlates that underlie them. Dudchenko presents a series of questions that neatly frames the organization of the book. Do people have an internal sense of direction? Where is it in the brain? How does it develop? Do certain brain disorders hinder cognitive mapping? The first chapter closes with a spoiler. Our ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584759 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584739&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005752%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective monitor measurements were highly associated with disease duration and with the functional stage of disease (P (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584739 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584739 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584732&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005934%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report herein two cases diagnosed as WD who, in addition to characteristic deep nuclear lesions on MR imaging, had widespread cerebral cortical paramagnetic signals dramatically detected by susceptibility-weighted imaging. T2-weighted MR images did not show any cortico-subcortical hyperintense lesions. To our knowledge, these findings have not been described before and may help to further characterize the disease. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584732 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584728&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005971%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: The results of the present age-controlled study show for the first time that both reflexive and voluntary eye motor control in HD patients decrease with increase in disease severity suggesting declines in both motor and cognitive function. Thus, relatively simple eye movement parameters (latency and error rate) obtained from simple tasks (prosaccade and antisaccade) may serve as quantitative biomarkers of sub-cortical and cortical disease severity in HD and could aid in predicting onset, distinguishing subtypes, or evaluating disease progression and novel therapies. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584728 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584728 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584727&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005983%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report the case of a 23-year-old man with PSM with ventral thoracic disc herniation confirmed by conventional MRI, which completely resolved after thoracic discectomy. This case indicates that decompressive surgery might be a valid treatment option. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584727 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584727 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584762&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005806%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Evidence Based Medicine is defined as the explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about care of individual patients. (Sackett et al. BMJ 1996, 312:76). If we have to offer our patients consistently the best care, and increasingly in these times at the optimal individual and societal costs, then there is need for a thoughtful integration of the best external clinical evidence from systematic research. This book provides that help to both the beginner at the start of his or her quest in field of vascular neurology (residents and fellows) as well as the established clinician who treats and manages stroke patients with problems both simple and complex. The topics for the fifteen chapters are well chosen and deal with high impact and common issues. Each of these ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584762 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584725&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11006009%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recent randomized trials have shown that cilostazol is superior to aspirin for secondary stroke prevention. We hypothesized that combining cilostazol with aspirin is more effective than aspirin alone in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This randomized study compared the effects of oral aspirin alone to aspirin plus cilostazol in patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke within 48h of stroke onset. NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were checked before and after 14days and 6months of drug administration. The primary and secondary endpoints were neurological deterioration or stroke recurrence (NIHSS score≥1) within 14days and 6months, respectively. For statistical analysis, on-treatment analysis was conducted. Seventy-six patients were enrol... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584725 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584725 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527058&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005910%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this issue of J Neurol Sci, Cappellari and colleagues reported very important information that statin treatment beginning before stroke and continued during the acute phase was associated with symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and statin treatment beginning within 24h after IV thrombolysis may improve short- and long-term outcome. Although the data were analyzed by statistical methods, the data should be interpreted with caution. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527058 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584761&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005818%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Brains: How They Seem to Work, written by Dr. Dale Purves, a professor of Neurobiology, Psychology, Neuroscience, and Philosophy at Duke University, provides not only information concerning how the brain works but also fascinating historical context from the author's work throughout his career in academia. Information presented by the author briefly covers topics in the peripheral nervous system, neural development, and the central nervous system before providing a thorough analysis of the brain's visual systems. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584761 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584735&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005880%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of the present study was to test whether the observed association is replicated in patients from an Italian population and to check whether the deletion correlates with reduced SOD1 mRNA expression in vivo. Genomic DNA from 235 Italian SALS cases and 245 age- and sex-matched donors from the same ethnic background was screened for the 50bp SOD1 promoter deletion by real time PCR assays. No differences were observed between ALS patients and controls for the frequency of both the alleles (D=deleted, N=non-deleted; p=0.95) and genotypes (p=0.90). Furthermore, stratification of the ALS samples showed that this variation was not associated with increased age of onset in ND and DD patients in comparison to NN patients (p=0.48). Finally, we performed real-time RT-PCR to quantify SOD1... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584735 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584733&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005922%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Autonomic nervous system involvement occurs at early stages in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and incidental Lewy body disease (ILBD), and affects the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems (ENS).It has been proposed that alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) pathology in PD has a distal to proximal progression along autonomic pathways. The ENS is affected before the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), and distal axons of cardiac sympathetic nerves degenerate before there is loss of paravertebral sympathetic ganglion neurons. Consistent with neuropathological findings, some autonomic manifestations such as constipation or impaired cardiac uptake of norepinephrine precursors, occur at early stages of the disease even before the onset of motor symptoms. Biopsy of peripher... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584733 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584733 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584730&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005958%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report a patient with RCVS, revealed by thunderclap headaches, involving both internal and external carotid artery (ECA). She received fluoxetin for depression and took a great amount of cannabis in the last months. While angio-MR, transcranial Doppler and CSF analysis were normal, cerebral angiography disclosed stenoses and dilatations of the middle cerebral artery. It also showed an involvement of maxillary arteries. Fluoxetin and cannabis were stopped. After few days, she had no more headaches. At 8th week, angiography was normalized confirming the RCVS.ECA angiogram may help reaching a diagnosis in patients with suspected RCVS when intracerebral abnormalities are minor or absent. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584730 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584730 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584729&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100596X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: In patients with acquired non-thyrotoxic hypokalemic paralysis, asymmetric or upper limb-dominant weakness of the extremities is observed. Despite clinical improvement after treatment, normalization of serum potassium and CK levels is often delayed, and therefore, careful monitoring for cardiac and renal complications is required. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584729 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584729 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584726&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005995%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Differential expressions of Foxp3 and CXCL13 in various types of thymoma patients with OMG or GMG might suggest the differential immunological processes underlying the two subtype of MG. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584726 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527059&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005909%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Fang and Wu argue that the lack of measurement of the initial total cholesterol (TC) levels might be a selection bias, resulting in overestimation of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients who started statin before stroke and continued this treatment in the acute phase of ischemic stroke in our study . They reported that prior statin use with TC levels ≤150mg/dL was associated with hematoma volume and worsening outcome in Miura group's study . (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527059 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410570&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005387%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Vitamin D has been studied for over a century and its functions related to calcium homeostasis are well established. Over the last 30years or so it has become increasingly clear that it has a wider role in physiology and, importantly, also in disease. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS); however the molecular mechanisms of this association were poorly understood. Recent technological advances have provided major insights as to how vitamin D may exert its role, particularly through the actions of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). In this review we aim to highlight the importance of the interaction between vitamin D and MS associated genes which provide a biological basis for the association between vitamin D and MS risk. (Source: Journal of the Neurological... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410570 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317019&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005776%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317019 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 15:43:35 +0100 5317019 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317018&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005697%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317018 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 15:43:35 +0100 5317018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316954&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005740%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316954 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 15:43:29 +0100 5316954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316953&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100565X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316953 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 15:43:29 +0100 5316953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584749&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005363%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Acute audiovestibular loss is a common neurotological condition that is characterized by sudden onset of severe prolonged (lasting days) vertigo and hearing loss and is diagnosed by the presence of canal paresis to caloric stimulation and sensorineural hearing loss on pure tone audiogram. Before 2000, papers on anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory infarction focused mostly on associated brainstem and cerebellar findings, without a detailed description of neurotological findings. Since 2000, several reports have demonstrated that acute audiovestibular loss is an important sign for the diagnosis of AICA territory infarction. To date, at least eight subgroups of AICA infarction have been identified according to the pattern of neurotological presentations, among which... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584749 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584734&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005892%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by axonal/neuronal damage that may be caused by defective remyelination. Current therapies aim to slow the rate of degeneration, however there are no treatment options that can stop or reverse the myelin sheath damage. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential candidate for the cell implantation-targeted therapeutic strategies, but the pro-remyelination effects of MSCs when directly injected into a demyelinated cord lesion have been questioned. Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) has been shown to serve a crucial role in the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte lineages. Here, we showed that implantation of NT-3 gene-modified MSCs via a recombinant adenoviral vector (Ad... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584734 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527052&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005442%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated disorder of the peripheral nervous system and a triggering infectious event is often reported in the weeks before the disease onset. Influenza viruses have been associated with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), both after infection and, in rare cases, after vaccination. However, GBS has rarely reported to be a neurological complication of the recent pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus infections. Here we describe the case of a young man, who developed acute severe motor inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy during influenza A(H1N1)2009 infection. Peculiar features are the findings of a mutated haemagglutinin gene (D222E variant), which has never previously been associated with neurological involvement, and... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527052 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527048&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004722%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Introduction: Embryo-derived PIF modulates systemic maternal immunity without suppression. Synthetic analog (sPIF) prevents juvenile diabetes, preserves islet function, reducing oxidative stress/protein misfolding. We investigate sPIF effectiveness in controlling neuroinflammation/MS.Methods: Examine sPIF-induced protection against harsh, clinical-relevant murine EAE-PLP acute and chronic models. Evaluate clinical indices: circulating cytokines, spinal cord histology, genome, canonical global proteome, cultured PLP-activated splenocytes cytokines, and immunophenotype.Results: Short-term, low-dose sPIF prevented paralysis development and lowered mortality (P (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527048 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584753&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005879%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: So far, only very little is known about the early history of neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome). Here, we discuss a then widely recognized but now forgotten 1844 report by the Genoese physician Giovanni Battista Pescetto (1806–1884) on a 42-year-old man, who simultaneously developed acute amaurosis and cervical myelitis. Pescetto's report represents the earliest account of a case of neuromyelitis optica in the Western literature known so far. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584753 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584742&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005569%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study assessed the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the cognitive performances of HIV seropositive patients with severe immune depression.Methods: It is a prospective longitudinal interventional study of 69 anti-retroviral naïve HIV-seropositive adult patients with CD4 levels≤350/μl. The cognitive assessment was done at initiation and 12months after anti-retroviral treatment using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID) and the computer-assisted Iron Psychology (FePsy). The impact of therapy on CD4 levels and cognitive scores of the patients before and after therapy were compared and tested for statistical significance using Student t test and one-way ANOVA.Results: The mean age of the patients was 36.6±8.8years. There was a significant increase i... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584742 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584738&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005764%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Smoking cessation and blood pressure control are the most important strategies to prevent SAH. However, drinking skimmed/reduced fat milk, eating fruits regularly, and removing the fat from meats and skin from chicken before consumption may also reduce the burden of SAH. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584738 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584746&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005478%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: We documented no correlation between vitamin D levels and decreased BMD at femoral neck and lumbar spine in RRMS patients. Vitamin D insufficiency appears not to be the underlying cause of secondary osteoporosis in MS. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584746 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584741&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005570%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: The prognosis in ischemic stroke is poor in diabetic patients. However, scant research has so far been done on the predisposing factors associated with poor outcomes.Methods: We prospectively investigated the background characteristics and prognosis at 3months in 241 consecutive diabetic patients having their first ischemic stroke (153 males, 88 females, mean age±SD, 71±10years). Poor functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale ≥3 at 3months after onset.Results: Univariate analysis showed that age, dementia, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, systolic blood pressure on admission, proteinuria, stroke subtype, and prior use of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) were significantly related to an outcome at 3months after onset... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584741 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584737&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005855%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: In an era of increasing prophylactic red cell transfusions, the proportion of SCD diagnoses among pediatric stroke patients significantly decreased in the United States. The rise in SCD diagnoses among adult stroke patients is possibly due to a cohort effect, but further study is needed. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584737 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527041&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004862%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report two autopsy cases of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) with the M232R mutation of the prion protein (PrP) gene that exhibited different clinicopathological features (age at death, 64/54years; disease duration, 13/26months). Both cases showed myoclonus, hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted MRI, and increased 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid. The initial sign in each case was memory disturbance and abnormal pharyngeal sensation, respectively. In the first case, the disease progressed rapidly with akinetic mutism developing 6months after onset, while it occurred 23months after onset in the second case. Pathologically, both cases had severe neuronal loss with gliosis and spongiform change in the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. PrP deposition was the diffuse s... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527041 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410574&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100548X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The traditional view, based on numerous early studies and reviews, is that MS is particularly prevalent in temperate zones both on the northern and southern hemisphere. This uneven distribution of MS can be attributed to differences in genes and environment and their interaction. Diagnostic accuracy and case ascertainment are sources of error and have their shares in the geographical and temporal variations, and improvements in diagnostic accuracy and case ascertainment influence incidence- and prevalence rates. In addition the prevalence also depends on survival. With this meta-analysis we have focused on the trend in the incidence and sex ratio of MS through the last five decades, and we have analyzed the latitudinal distribution of MS incidence, based on a recent literature se... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410574 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410573&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005508%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The county of Värmland, Sweden, has shown a high frequency of multiple sclerosis in several investigations. It has been presented in three studies; a period prevalence study in 1925–1934, a mortality study during 1952–1992 and a prevalence investigation in 2002.The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of industry in this high-risk area for multiple sclerosis.The three investigations were correlated with industry in 1913 and in the 1950s, all analyzed by the Kruskall–Wallis test. Select industries from wood-pulp, paper and iron/mechanical sectors were tested also in whole Sweden. The Spearman rank correlation was used for these data and forestry data in Värmland.In Värmland, industrial data from 1913 revealed that large sawmills were associated with the period... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410573 Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584755&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005582%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A Japanese family with a novel nonsense mutation in the TITF-1 gene (p.Y98X) is described. The proband showed severe generalized chorea, delayed motor development, subnormal intelligence, congenital hypothyroidism, bronchial asthma, and a history of pulmonary infection, all of which are characteristic features of Brain–Thyroid–Lung syndrome. On the other hand, her brother and mother showed a mild benign hereditary chorea (BHC) phenotype with congenital hypothyroidism. Intrafamilial phenotypic variation is common in BHC/Brain–Thyroid–Lung syndrome and suggests the existence of other genetic or environmental factors regulating TITF-1 function. Although choreic movement in BHC/Brain–Thyroid–Lung syndrome is recognized as non-progressive, the proband showed re-exacerbatio... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584755 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584754&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005594%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report two female patients with POEMS syndrome presenting as a severe predominantly axonal neuropathy. A nerve biopsy was performed for these patients; pathological data confirmed unusual numerous acute axonal lesions associated with other classical signs of POEMS syndrome. POEMS syndrome is usually associated with demyelinating neuropathy (and secondary axonal loss); however, prominent axonal neuropathy (with acute axonal lesions on nerve biopsy) can also be observed in this disease. These observations illustrate the heterogeneity of peripheral nervous system involvement in POEMS syndrome. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584754 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584743&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005557%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: While the data did not reveal substantially altered absolute CMRO2 in brain of PD patients, employing data-driven intensity normalization revealed widespread relative CMRO2 decreases in cerebral cortex. The detected pattern was very similar to that reported in earlier CBF and CMRglc studies of PD, and in the CBF images from the same subjects. Thus, the present results are consistent with the occurrence of parallel declines in CMRO2, CBF, and CMRglc in spatially contiguous cortical regions in early PD, and support the hypothesis that ETC dysfunction could be a primary pathogenic mechanism in early PD. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584743 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584740&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005600%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated disabling neurological disease of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of MS is not fully understood. Histopathology implicates both demyelination and axonal degeneration as the major contributors to the accumulation of disability. The application of several in vivo quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods to both lesioned and normal-appearing brain tissue has not yet provided a solid conclusive support of the hypothesis that MS might be a diffuse disease.In this work, we adopted FreeSurfer to provide standardized macrostructure or volumetry of lesion free normal-appearing brain tissue in combination with multiple quantitative MRI metrics (T2 relaxation time, diffusion tensor anisotropy and diffusivit... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584740 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410577&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005533%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Genetic factors partially explain the susceptibility of multiple sclerosis (MS) and might even relate to the clinical course. Still, many epidemiological studies point at an important role for environmental factors in MS. Smoking is one of the major candidates. In this review we provide an overview of the epidemiological studies on cigarette smoking and the association on MS risk and MS clinical course. In addition, we discuss the possible biological pathways that may influence neurological damage in MS. Moreover, the relation of smoking with other environmental MS risk factors will be addressed. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410577 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410565&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005545%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a relatively common debilitating neurologic disease that affects people in early adulthood. While the characteristic pathology of MS has been well described, the etiology of the disease is not well understood, despite decades of research and the identification of strong genetic and environmental candidates for susceptibility. A question central to all diseases, but posed specifically for MS at the XVI European Charcot Foundation Lecture, was ‘Can MS be prevented?’ To address this question, we have evaluated the available data regarding nutritional and environmental factors that may be related to MS susceptibility and suggest the extent to which a potential intervention may reduce disease burden. It is our opinion that intervention, particularly supp... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410565 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584745&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100551X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Early recanalization and good neurological recovery were more frequently observed in the Edaravone group than in the Non-Edaravone group. These results demonstrate that administration of edaravone during t-PA infusion should enhance early recanalization in acute stroke patients. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584745 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410579&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005491%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Human plasma low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) are involved in the transport of lipids, modulate membrane lipid composition and regulate signal transduction. HDL-like lipoproteins have been shown also in human cerebrospinal fluid and it has been hypothesized that they could have a role in lipid transport in central nervous system. After synthesis, lipoproteins are susceptible to lipid peroxidation triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS and RNS) produced by peripheral and brain cells. Aim of the paper has been to review the scientific literature on the role of lipid peroxidation of LDL and HDL in the molecular mechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Several studies have demonstrated a significant increase in lipid peroxidation products in brain, ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410579 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584751&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005338%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study supports the use of autologous MSC-NPs in MS patients as a means of promoting CNS repair. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584751 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410580&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005466%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, we describe a gene–environment interaction in MS patients between HHV-6 and MHC2TA and CD46 that should be further studied to clarify if that interaction could be a genetic control. The results show that MS patients without HHV-6 active replication are better responders to interferon beta treatment than those with HHV-6 active replication. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410580 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410576&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005405%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) selectively affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. In Asians, multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare; however, when it appears, the selective and severe involvement of the optic nerves and spinal cord is characteristic. This form, termed opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS), has similar features to the relapsing form of NMO in Westerners. The discovery that NMO-IgG, an NMO-specific IgG, targets aquaporin-4 (AQP4), suggested that NMO is a distinct disease entity with a fundamentally different etiology from MS. Because NMO-IgG is present in 30–60% of OSMS patients, OSMS in Asians is suggested to be the same entity as NMO. Pathologically, perivascular immune complex (IgM, IgG and C9neo) deposition and extensive loss of AQP4 in active lesions are reported h... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410576 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584748&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005429%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Our nationwide survey indicated that widespread MRI availability has contributed to the diagnosis of both asymptomatic and idiopathic cases. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584748 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584747&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005454%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Pretreatment permeability abnormality, an indicator of BBB derangements, is an infrequent finding in acute posterior circulation ischemic stroke and may be associated with an increased risk of parenchymal hematoma development undergoing recanalization therapy. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584747 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410567&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005430%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This article gives a brief overview of known and also less well-established potential detrimental effects of a low vitamin D status. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410567 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527061&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004394%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This book, on Spinal Cord Injury, is a translation from Swedish but applicable to the world over. The authors did not intend to write an exhaustive review of spinal cord injury but rather a concise, comprehensive, easy to digest source of general information on the subject matter. The layout of t'he book is very intuitive and starts with epidemiology, anatomy, and pathophysiology, then progresses through pre-hospital and hospital care all the way to rehabilitation. The authors describe the various types of injury and different treatment options very broadly and clearly. “Spinal Cord Injury” is a good general review of all aspects of spinal cord injury. Anyone needing an in-depth review on particular topics or specific information on surgical techniques will have to review the reference... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527061 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584750&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005351%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: There was a substantial lack of concurrence between felt and assessed problems. The results indicate that the use of standardized instruments should be complemented by a dialog if health services are to be based on problems experienced by the patients. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584750 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5584756&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005375%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe a 26-year-old man treated with azathioprine for myasthenia gravis who developed acute left-sided peripheral facial weakness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed enhancement in the left geniculate ganglion and in the intracanalicular and tympanic segments of the facial nerve. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum revealed intrathecal synthesis of anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG antibody. Although previous analyses of saliva, blood mononuclear cells, serum antibodies, middle ear fluid, and auricular and geniculate zone skin scrapings have shown that a small but definite proportion of patients with idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (“Bell's palsy”) have the Ramsay Hunt syndrome zoster sine herpete (RHS ZSH), this is the first confirmation of RHS ZS... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5584756 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5584756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527029&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005223%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Previous studies have reported that hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection worsens neurocognitive status among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. We assessed the prevalence of neurologic disorders and the severity of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment among HIV-infected individuals in two centralized HIV clinics in Alberta, Canada from 1998 to 2010 based on their HCV serostatus. Of 456 HIV-infected persons without concurrent substance abuse, 91 (20.0%) were HCV seropositive. Of 58 neurologic disorders identified in the cohort, HIV/HCV co-infected individuals exhibited a higher prevalence of multiple neurologic disorders compared to HIV-infected individuals (60.4% vs. 46.6%, p (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527029 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527024&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005272%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the presence of an ethnicity bias within patients presenting with optic neuritis in London.Design: Observational cross-sectional study.Methods: The ethnicity profile of all patients attending a neuro-ophthalmology clinic in central London with acute optic neuritis over a 16month period (n=86) was studied. A comparison was made with the ethnicity profile of the population of London as well as patients with Multiple Sclerosis-associated optic neuritis (n=41), Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder-associated optic neuritis (n=27) and patients with an atypical corticosteroid-dependent optic neuropathy (21).Results: The ethnicity profile of the patient cohort presenting to our clinic with acute optic neuritis over a 16month period closely matched the ethnicity... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527024 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527020&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100534X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), the axons do not spontaneously regenerate after injury due to the inhibitory extrinsic environment and a diminished intrinsic regenerative capability. Many previous studies focus largely on characterizing the hostile growth inhibitory molecules in the CNS. In fact, blocking such inhibitory activities by either genetic or pharmacological approaches only allows limited sprouting, and majority of the adult neurons fail to regenerate their axons even provided with permissive substrates. Upon the neural circuits established during development, the intrinsic neuronal growth activity is gradually repressed. Little is known to the mechanisms for transition from the robust growth mode of the immature neurons to the poor growth mode of t... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527020 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527020 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410575&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005417%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: There is now strong evidence linking vitamin D, the steroid hormone of sunlight, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Two of the most intriguing findings are the season of birth and childhood sun exposure effects. They both suggest that a vitamin D deficiency during these critical imprinting periods is a risk factor for MS. After having confirmed that people born in November are at lower risk of developing MS, we devised a mouse model of prenatal vitamin D deficiency. We observed that adult offspring born to vitamin D deficient mothers, when compared to control offspring, developed a striking milder and delayed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and permanently overexpressed the vitamin D receptor. This unexpected finding led us to conjecture that the newborns, after having ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410575 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527031&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100520X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study investigates the probable relationship between HLA-DQ allele polymorphisms and MG cases in northern China. The HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles were determined by polymerase chain reaction/sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 84 MG patients, and the results were compared to 293 healthy controls. Our findings indicate that DQ A1*0401(P=0.008, OR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.24–3.07) and B1*0301(P=0.000, OR: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.48–3.54) were the most frequent allele; the frequencies of DQA1*0103(P=0.000, OR:0.24, 95%CI 0.13–0.49) and DQB1*0601(P=0.001, OR:0.40, 95%CI 0.22–0.50) were significantly decreased in MG patients compared with healthy controls. Patients with thymomatous MG were positively associated with DQA1 *0401(P=0.011, OR:4.57, 95% CI 1.40–14.90) and DQB1 *0604 (P=0.001, OR:4.01, 9... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527031 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527031 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527021&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005314%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: To compare the long-term effect of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) on brain volume loss in relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) patients.Methods: We conducted a study to examine the effect of daily glatiramer acetate (GA), weekly low dose interferon beta (LD-IFNB), and high-dose high-frequency interferon beta disease (HD-IFNB) on brain volume loss over 5years in RRMS patients. All patients were previously treatment naïve, had disease duration ≤5years at the time of initiating DMT, and subsequently received the same DMT for 5years continuously. The percentage change in brain volume (PCBV) was measured using fully automated software. MRI analysis was performed blinded to treatment allocation.Results: The adjusted PCBV from baseline to year 5 was −2.27% in GA, −2.62% ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527021 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527021 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527054&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005296%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report a unique neuroophthalmological syndrome consisting of vertical one-and-a-half syndrome—resulting from a combination of supranuclear conjugate upgaze palsy associated with left infranuclear (fascicular) third nerve involvement (Weber syndrome)—with concomitant contralesional pseudo-abducens palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that this unusual clinical combination was the result of two infarcts one in the left thalamomesencephalic junction and another affecting the left infrategmental paramedian area of the rostral midbrain. We discuss the clinical topography of both neuroophthalmological findings. This unusual neuroophthalmological finding has not been reported. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527054 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527026&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005259%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism. Although well documented in many disorders, gender hasn't been directly addressed in WD; therefore, our aim was to evaluate gender differences in WD.Methods: We analyzed data on 627 consecutive WD patients entered into our registry (1958–2010).Results: We observed a male predominance in our population of WD patients (327 males vs. 290 females; p (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527026 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527025&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005260%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: As results from published studies on the association of Cystathionine β Synthase (CBS) T833C genetic polymorphism with the risk of stroke are inconsistent, we performed a meta-analysis to summarize the possible association. Eligible studies published were searched for in PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and the Chinese database, Wanfang. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed for the association using fixed- or random-effect model. We identified 10 case–control studies including 2247 cases and 1813 controls for the present meta-analysis. Significant associations between CBS T833C genetic polymorphism and risk of stroke were observed in most genetic... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527025 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527023&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005284%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Here we report a case with positive serum anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody who presented with hypersomnolence, symmetrical hypothalamic lesions and a reduced CSF orexin (hypocretin) level without optic nerve and spinal cord lesions on MRI. All of the symptoms, MRI finding and CSF orexin level improved simultaneously after steroid therapy. AQP4 is a member of the AQP superfamily which is strongly expressed in the hypothalamus where orexin (hypocretin)-containing neurons are primarily concentrated. Although there have been only a few reports similar to our case, the present case suggests a close relationship between the positive serum anti-AQP4 antibody and symmetrical hypothalamic lesions with hypersomnolence and without optic /spinal lesion, which is improved by steroid treatment... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527023 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527022&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005302%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Brain injury from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning occurs due to tissue hypoxia and direct CO-mediated histotoxicity. Recently developed susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is sensitive for the detection of accumulated hemosiderin and iron secondary to cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, we hypothesized that SWI may be helpful for identifying petechial hemorrhagic transformation secondary to acute hypoxic damage during subacute CO intoxication. Our case series with subacute CO intoxication revealed that the SWIs of all patients showed low signal intensities in the globus pallidus, representing the accumulation of iron or calcium secondary to hypoxic damage from acute CO intoxication. These results suggest that SWI may be a useful MR technique for illustrating brain damage in subacute... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527022 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527022 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410581&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005399%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Environment and genetic are both relevant in determining development of Multiple Sclerosis. Many epidemiological observations converge on indicating EBV infection and Vitamin D levels as major players among the environmental factors. Bacteria and bacterial products are however potent triggers of immune responses, and recent work from several laboratories indicates that the microbiota plays a prominent role in “priming” or protecting individuals for development of experimental autoimmune diseases. Here we report our recent work dealing with the role of non-pathogenic mycobacteria and their innate receptors in relapsing–remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the SJL mouse and in mobilization of CNS-reactive T cells. We finally discuss how bacteria are likely i... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410581 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316978&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004333%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The involvement of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in a broad spectrum of various non-motor functions – attention, executive functions, verbal learning and memory, verbal abstract reasoning, conflict resolution, and emotions – has been reported. The STN has an anatomically central position within the basal ganglia(BG)-thalamocortical motor, associative and limbic circuits. The STN might interfere with non-motor functions as an indirect modulator rather than a regulator. Mechanisms modulating the motor and non-motor functions might differ. The STN has been implicated in control of non-motor behaviors via the tuning of specific circuits depending on the task. The STN might modulate selected non-motor functions via contextual modulation of certain cortical areas. Based on intracer... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316978 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527053&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005326%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Neurophysiological examination, including EMG and DSEPs, confirms motor and sensory loss in this unusual post-herpetic complication. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527053 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527033&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005181%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: The clinical diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) usually takes several months. The delay in diagnosis compromises the effective therapeutic interventions. Therefore, the present study was aimed to develop a statistical model for predicting the risk of ALS at earlier stages for better management of ALS patients.Methods: The study recruited 44 sporadic ALS patients and 29 normal controls. Thirteen different independent variables (predictors) which were believed to be associated with ALS were included in the study. Forward stepwise (likelihood ratio) binary logistic regression was used to find significant variables and probability of disease prediction.Results: The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit statistic (χ2=4.379, df=8, p=0.821) indicate the appropriate... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527033 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527030&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005211%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe a patient presenting with a combination of muscle fasciculations, paresthesias, hyperhidrosis, as well as insomnia, agitation and confusion. He went on to develop psychosis and respiratory failure requiring intensive care. Electromyography confirmed the presence of neuromyotonia and CSF showed mild pleocytosis. Routine testing for voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKC-complex) antibodies was highly positive, confirming the clinical diagnosis of Morvan's syndrome. The patient improved after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone. Further investigation of the antigenic targets using immunohistochemistry and cell-based assays revealed that he had autoantibodies targeting Lgi1, Caspr2 and Contactin-2/Tag-1, all proteins known to be complexed with V... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527030 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527027&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005247%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Brainstem alone is involved very infrequently in patients with neurocysticercosis; usually, it occurs in association with disseminated form of the disease. Isolated involvement of the third nerve is commonly due to vascular causes. We are reporting a case due to cysticercus lesion presenting as isolated third-nerve involvement with sparing of the pupil. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was established by the presence of characteristic granulomatous lesions in the midbrain along with positive ELISA for cysticercal antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient responded well to corticosteroids with almost complete recovery. A follow-up MRI scan showed a significant decrease in the size of the lesion. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527027 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527028&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005235%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The prevalence of dementia in the elderly living in groups in Xi'an was high, especially living in NHs. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527028 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316955&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004898%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome is still mostly considered as a movement disorder due to its key features of bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural instability. On the other hand, evaluations of the quality of life of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients demonstrate that they frequently feel even more threatened by depression and imminent cognitive dysfunction. Many patients will tolerate a slight tremor much better than e.g. urinary incontinence. These observations and many new areas of research have led to a series of international meetings on mental dysfunction and other non-motor disturbances in PD and other movement disorders. The exciting results of the most recent congress which took place, on December 9–12, 2010 in Barcelona, Spain, are summarized in this special issue of t... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316955 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527060&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004886%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Vascular neurology has grown in leaps and bounds in the last several years and this has had a great and direct impact to the delivery of stroke care. This book is written for the person in the trenches, those taking daily care of the patients with their myriad and complex issues, and this is where this book comes in extremely handy. Thus doctors, nurses, therapists and everyone else if they are working with stroke patients will find this book very useful. It has an easy style, and looking at the contents page it was obvious to me that it is well arranged — in much the same way a stroke patient might make his way through the stroke care delivery system in a modern hospital! Thus the first chapter rightly starts with the acute phase — “Is it a stroke?” going on to “what to do in th... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527060 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527055&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100517X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Mucoceles are chronic non-neoplastic cystic lesions lined by mucus-secreting respiratory epithelium in the paranasal sinuses. Mucocele of the anterior clinoid process is a particularly rare entity most often presenting with rapidly progressive monocular blindness. The authors describe the case of a 32year-old man who presented with acute painless visual loss in the left eye. Workup revealed an expansile lesion of the left anterior clinoid process with associated optic nerve compression. The patient underwent emergent endoscopic-assisted transnasal decompression of the optic nerve with full recovery of visual function. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention optimizes the chances of functional regain of visual acuity. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527055 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185670&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005065%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185670 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 17:48:37 +0100 5185670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185637&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005028%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185637 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 17:48:28 +0100 5185637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317017&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004904%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: This survey does not support the concept of a co-morbid association between the two conditions and confirm indirectly the findings of previous studies reporting the onset of RLS after diagnosis of PD has been made in the great majority of patients and so likely on ongoing DAergic treatment. Therefore, we speculate that RLS occurring in these patients could be related to DAergic therapy for PD. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317017 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317017 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527047&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004734%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Electrophysiological evidence of mixed sensorimotor and pure sensory neuropathy is seen in all the three subtypes of SCAs, while pure motor neuropathy is distinctly uncommon. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527047 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527039&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004916%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: The IMPROVE study demonstrated that the fetal bovine serum (FBS)- and human serum albumin (HSA)-free formulation of subcutaneous (sc) interferon (IFN) beta-1a had beneficial effects on the numbers of combined unique active magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Here we report additional MRI endpoints (including post hoc analyses), and clinical efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity outcomes.Methods: Patients with active RRMS were randomized (2:1) to IFN beta-1a, 44mcg sc three times weekly (tiw) (n=120), or placebo (n=60), for 16weeks (double-blind phase). All patients then received IFN beta-1a, 44mcg sc tiw, for 24weeks (rater-blind phase). Patients underwent MRI brain scans every 4weeks.Results: Compared with place... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527039 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316976&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004655%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: A fluctuating frontal impairment is observed at early stages. Prominent visuospatial alterations and visual hallucinations suggest that posterior cortical dysfunction might be a distinct early feature of the cognitive impairment observed in patients with this mutation. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316976 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527032&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11005193%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, the present approach supports the association of slow- and fast-alpha bands with the planning and preparation of SEM, and the specific role of these sub-bands for both, the attention network and the coordination and integration of sensory information with a (oculo)-motor response. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527032 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317016&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004679%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study needs to be replicated. More robust data exist regarding RBD as the first manifestation of PD. RBD subjects commonly develop parkinsonism and cognitive impairment with time. Patients with the idiopathic form of RBD with decreased striatal dopamine transporters imaging, substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and hyposmia have an increased short-term risk for developing the classical motor, dysautonomic and cognitive symptoms of a synucleinopathy. Patients with idiopathic RBD, particularly those with abnormal subclinical features seen in the synucleinopathies such as decreased striatal dopamine transporters uptake, are the ideal population to be tested with disease-modifying agents in order to stop or slow down neurodegeneration in the brain. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Scien... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317016 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317016 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527037&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004941%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Discussion: Spatial navigation deficit is not an early marker of the cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease. We speculate that the striatal circuitry that is known to degenerate early in the course of Huntington's disease is not directly associated with the spatial navigation. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527037 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527056&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004928%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report three patients with Parkinson's disease who developed de novo dopamine dysregulation syndrome after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. We hypothesized that the combined effect of dopaminergic replacement therapy and deep brain stimulation on the limbic territory of the subthalamic nucleus could have precipitated the dopamine dysregulation syndrome in these patients, by inducing hyperstimulation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. The outcome of postoperative dopamine dysregulation syndrome is poor despite deep brain stimulation adjustments, attempts to reduce the dose of dopaminergic drugs and the addition of quetiapine or antidepressants. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527056 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527044&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004825%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background and purpose: The etiologic diagnosis of intracranial arterial occlusion is sometimes challenging because of the dynamic nature of acute stroke. We investigated whether short-term follow-up vascular imaging adds additional information to the differential diagnosis between intracranial atherosclerotic and embolic occlusion.Methods: Acute ischemic stroke patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion on MR angiography (MRA) within 24h of symptom onset were included. Follow-up MRA was performed 5–7days after stroke onset. Stroke subtypes were independently determined at baseline and follow-up MRAs based on clinical, laboratory and imaging findings.Results: In the 108 included patients, the most common etiologic subtype of initial stroke was intracranial... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527044 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527043&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004849%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we screened a French cohort of patients with Sjögren–Larsson syndrome (SLS) for mutations in the ALDH3A2 gene. The five unrelated patients with typical SLS all present mutations in this gene. Three novel mutations were identified whereas three other ones were previously described. We also realized functional analyses at the mRNA level for two splice site mutations to study their deleterious consequences. Two of the previously described mutations had already been identified in the same region of Europe, suggesting a putative founder effect. We suggest that, (1) when clinical and MR features are present, direct sequencing of the ALDH3A2 gene in SLS is of particular interest without necessity of a skin biopsy for enzymatic assay in order to propose genetic counsel and (2) id... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527043 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527040&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004874%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Fig4 null reduces phosphatidylinositol-3,5-diphosphate concentration and causes severe neuronal degeneration in both pale-tremor (plt) mice and patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4J (CMT4J), an inherited condition with recessive mutations in FIG4. Our previous study shows that minor trauma is associated with an accelerated course of motor neuron degeneration in patients with CMT4J. Heterozygous loss of FIG4 function has been suggested to be a risk factor in developing sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We therefore hypothesize that minor trauma may trigger or exacerbate motor neuron degeneration in mice with fig4 haploinsufficiency (plt+/−). We have studied 18 wild-type and 18 plt+/− mice and created nerve injury by compressing the sciatic nerve. Outcomes in ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527040 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527038&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100493X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by the abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene (HTT). The adjacent proline-rich region, which also has a CCG polymorphism among people of different races, may also affect the pathogenesis of HD. To study the effect of this polymorphism on patients with HD in mainland China, 53 HD mutant alleles were examined. The results showed that 54.72% of the HD mutant alleles had 10-repeat alleles, and the remaining 45.28% had 7-repeat alleles. Moreover, comparison of the clinical features between the two groups revealed no significant difference. We also investigated its effect on the aggregates in vitro. No significant difference was detected when the morphology and size of the aggregates with the two polymorphisms was compared in cells.... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527038 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527036&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004953%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: A large majority of respondents responsible for ICH management stopped oral warfarin medication and normalized INR on admission, and restarted anticoagulation after acute ICH in patients with NVAF. However, the strategies to normalize INR and to restart anticoagulant therapy varied greatly and depended on each individual physician's decision. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527036 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527035&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004965%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Patient characteristics (male sex, age, and hyperlipidemia) and TIA symptom (dysarthria) may be useful in defining stroke after TIA in patients who were hospitalized with TIA. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527035 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527034&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004977%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The effects of three types of global ischemia by occlusion of carotid artery on motor and exploratory behaviors of Gerbils were evaluated by the Activity Cage and Rota rod tests. Animals were divided based on two surgical criteria: unilateral (UNI) or bilateral (BIL) carotid occlusion, with (REP) or without (OCL) reperfusion; and their behavior was evaluated on the fourth (4) or sixth (6) day. There was reduction of cell number in striatum, motor cortex M1 area, and hippocampal CA1 area in all groups in comparison to control animals. For M1 area and striatum, the largest reduction was observed in UNI6, UNI4, and BIL4 groups. Neuronal loss was also observed in CA1 area of BIL4 rodents. There was a decrease in crossings and rearings in all groups in activity cage test, compared to ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527034 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316975&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004783%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Recognition of NMSFs is important in the care of patients with Parkinson disease to prevent unnecessary interventions and for appropriate medication regimen adjustments. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316975 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316975 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317013&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004047%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition which requires gradually increasing doses of dopaminergic substances for adequate motor control. Some vulnerable patients increase their doses beyond those required for motor control. This may result in a pattern of compulsive drug taking which may be associated with typical behavioural changes which define dopaminergic dysregulation syndrome (DDS). This is frequently associated with impulse control disorders and a specific behavioural abnormality involving prolonged repetitive tasks, called punding. The pathophysiology of DDS likely involves a number of factors, including genetic and personality related risk factors, habit formation resulting from unpleasant OFF symptoms, fronto-striatal dysfunction and a sens... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317013 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527051&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004515%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a patient with SS and spinal extradural fluid collection due to midthoracic dural defect with spinal cord herniation. The reduction of the spinal cord herniation and the repair of the dural defect resulted in the disappearance of the fluid collection and cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities. The case here reported is, to our knowledge, the first case of spinal cord herniation presenting with SS and confirms the key role played by dural lacerations in the pathogenesis of both SS and spinal cord herniation. The search for dural lacerations should be one of the primary aims in patients with SS. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527051 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527042&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004850%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: Experimental studies have indicated that adipocytokines are associated with vascular diseases with regard to the pathology of atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that the strength of the associations between adipocytokines and stroke would differ between ischemic stroke subtypes.Methods: A total of 96 acute ischemic stroke patients (within 5days from onset) and 48 non-stroke subjects were analyzed in this study. Stroke patients were comprised of 26 strokes due to large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and 72 non-LAA strokes. Venous blood from all participants was drawn after an overnight fast, and serum levels of leptin, adiponectin and resistin were measured by multiple sandwich immunoassay techniques.Results: Compared with non-LAA strokes, patients with LAA strokes h... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527042 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527057&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004837%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I read with great interest the usefulness of actigraphy for parkinsonian signs . In clinical and epidemiological studies of sleep, actigraphy has been used frequently to judge the sleep/awake state of the subjects . I have used actigraphy , but have seldom engaged in direct usage of actigraphic activity counts, as presented by Uemura et al. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527057 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527050&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004552%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, no statistical association was found between the Fas, FasL and TRAIL polymorphisms and the risk of MS in Iranian patients. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527050 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527049&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004588%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In the last two decades functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dominated research in neuroscience. However, only recently has it taken the first steps in translation to the clinical field. In this paper we describe the advantages of fMRI and DTI and the possible benefits of implementing these methods in clinical practice. We review the current clinical usages of fMRI and DTI and discuss the challenges and difficulties of translating these methods to clinical use. The most common application today is in neurosurgery. fMRI and DTI are done preoperatively for brain tumor patients who are having tumors removed and for epilepsy patients who are candidates for temporal resection. Imaging results supply the neurosurgeon with essential information regarding possible functional ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527049 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527046&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004801%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: There is a multifactorial basis for PSF suggesting different therapy options. Cerebral lesions may cause PSF in some patients. Post-stroke fatigue is associated with higher mortality. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527046 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5527045&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004813%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Significantly different neural activation patterns between MS patients and controls were associated with IPS, as measured by the CTIP. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5527045 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5527045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410571&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004503%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: High exposure to vitamin D may protect against development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS), possibly through the immunomodulatory properties of its biologically active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. So far, most studies on the possible mechanisms for vitamin D involvement in MS have focused on immune modulation outside the central nervous system (CNS). However, vitamin D may also interfere with the pathophysiology of MS within the CNS. In this review, the potential presence and functions of vitamin D in the inflamed and healthy CNS are explored. We discuss that vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein (DBP), the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and enzymes needed for metabolism (CYP27B1) are present in the CNS. Both VDR and CYP27B1 are expressed on a variety of cells, includi... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410571 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316972&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100476X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Cognitive dysfunction occurs at early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). Initial studies reported that cognitive dysfunction in early PD only affected fronto-striatal circuits, provoking a marked executive dysfunction. Memory impairment in PD was thought to depend on a problem in retrieving stored information, therefore also reflecting a fronto-striatal dysfunction. However, there is increasing structural MRI evidence of medial temporal lobe atrophy in PD, which may be responsible for memory dysfunction. Other neuropsychological functions usually impaired in PD are semantic fluency, visuoperceptual and visuospatial functions, decision-making and recognition of facial emotions; and impairments in these functions are associated with cortical structural changes assessed by MRI. Ove... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316972 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316971&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004795%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Cognitive and behavioral abnormalities are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) but their anatomical correlates are still uncertain. We assessed a cohort of 59 PD patients with and without impulse control disorders (PD-ICDs and PD-CNTR) with magnetic resonance imaging and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Thirty-five PD patients presented ICDs according to DSM-IV criteria and Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview. We found areas of significant brain atrophy in the middle and superior frontal gyrus in the whole cohort of 59 PD patients vs. healthy controls but there were no morphometric changes in PD-ICDs vs. PD-CNTR. This was consistent with cognitive findings of relatively preserved function in PD-ICDs with the exception for slower performance in the Trail Making Tes... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316971 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316967&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004771%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Recently, several studies using transcranial sonography (TCS) have resulted in the alteration of the mesencephalic midline in patients with depression. We aimed to investigate and compare sonographic abnormalities in the brainstem raphe (BR) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls, according to presence of depression. Study participants totaled 61 patients with PD (29 PD without depression, 32 PD with depression) and 41 controls. Results indicated that decreased BR echogenicity was much higher in PD patients with depression (PD+D) than in those without depression (PD−D). Of the 61 PD patients, 32 (52.4%) had depression as diagnosed by psychiatric assessment, and 13 (17.6%) were excluded, due to insufficient temporal windows. Based on these results, the use of TCS... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316967 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185641&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004631%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency which recently has been associated with heterozygous dominant-negative mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Although HIES is characterized by recurrent staphylococcal infections, the microbial invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) is definitively uncommon. We here report on Staphylococcus aureus meningitis and cerebral abscesses acquired in the community in a 31-year-old female patient with a de novo heterozygous mutation of STAT3 and a Dubowitz-like syndrome characterized by growth retardation, microcephaly and eczema. The patient presented with a relative paucity of clinical symptoms despite severe cerebrospinal fluid pathology and multiple cerebral abscesses. Antimic... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185641 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185640&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004643%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe a patient with HypoPP who had a high serum potassium concentration after recovery from a recent paralysis, which complicated the correct diagnosis. This patient and other affected family members had a novel mutation, p.Arg900Gly, in the CACNA1S gene. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185640 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185639&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004746%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: We found a low frequency of NOAF after CEA. Intraoperative hypotension was associated to a higher risk of NOAF. In turn, NOAF was related to adverse postoperative outcome. Further research is needed to clarify the pathophysiological relation between intraoperative hypotension, NOAF, and adverse CEA outcome. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185639 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185638&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004758%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Brazilian NBD patients showed a high prevalence of epilepsy, mainly complex partial seizures, occurring at any phase of the disease. Epileptic NBD patients may have cortical and hippocampal lesions that could explain the occurrence of epilepsy. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185638 Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316966&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004448%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background: Refinement of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) coordinates using intraoperative microelectrode recordings (MER) is routinely performed during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgeries in Parkinson disease (PD). The commonly used criteria for electrophysiological localization of the STN are qualitative. The goal of this study was to validate quantitative STN detection algorithm (QD) derived from the multi-unit activity in a prospective setting.Methods: Ten PD patients underwent STN DBS surgery. The MUA was obtained by removing large spikes close to microelectrode using wavelet method and integrating the 500–2000Hz band in the power spectral density. The qualitative intraoperative mapping of the STN using MER (IOM) versus QD was compared using Bland–Altman and Pearson's c... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316966 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317015&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004667%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: Our objective was to assess which clinical factors contribute most to the impairment of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in patients with dementia in Parkinson's disease (PDD) as compared to age- and dementia duration-matched patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods: Eighteen consecutive subjects (16 men, 2 women) with PDD and 30 age- and dementia duration-matched subjects with AD (13 men, 17 women) were recruited. The groups were not matched for their Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score. Neuropsychiatric, cognitive and motor data were collected in a routine clinical setting using the MMSE, four brief tests of the seven minute screen (i.e. the Benton Temporal Orientation, Grober and Buschke's enhanced cued recall, verbal fluency, and the clo... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317015 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317015 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185642&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100462X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report the case of a 75year-old man who developed ALS and whose medical history was dominated by a familial POAG. The absence of OPTN gene mutation in a patient who suffered from two conditions linked to mutations of this gene does not support involvement of OPTN in ALS. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185642 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5410578&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004412%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Objective: To assess whether vitamin D (VD) levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit inter-dependence with serum lipid profile variables (serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein or HDL, low-density lipoprotein or LDL, and triglycerides) and to investigate the associations with clinical disability measures.Methods: The study population consisted of consecutive 178 MS patients (age: 46.6±10.6years; disease duration: 13.8±10.3years). The patients were assessed for fasting lipid profile and VD obtained concomitantly. Neurological disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was obtained within ±6months of the lipid profile. The associations between the HDL, LDL, total cholesterol and total cholesterol to HDL ratio with deseasonalized VD levels and the... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5410578 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5410578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317005&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004370%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The hypokinetic dysarthria of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been defined as a multidimensional impairment leading to abnormalities in speech breathing, phonation, articulation and prosody. The aspect of prosody can be subdivided into further dimensions, as for example stress and accentuation, intonation variability and speech rate and regularity. According to available data from literature and findings of our own published studies, the present review illuminates the concept that inconstancies of speech fluency in PD are characterized by modifications of the arrangement of speech pauses and by a tendency of pace acceleration in the course of the performance. Furthermore, on the level of single utterances, Parkinsonian speakers feature significant difficulties to steadily repeat sin... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317005 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316985&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004060%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In Parkinsons disease and multiple system atrophy (MSA), cardiovascular dysfunction may occur for a variety of reasons and may manifest itself through inappropriate changes and/or levels in blood pressure, heart rate and/or regional vascular perfusion in a range of situations. The early occurrence of orthostatic hypotension often leads to consideration of MSA, especially in the presence of other features of autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypotension, however, is increasingly recognised in PD, and especially with increasing age, severity of disease and as a result of drug therapy, sometimes for associated disorders. Investigation of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in Parkinsonism is therefore important for a variety of reasons, that include determining the precise diagnosis a... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316985 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316956&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004035%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) has initially been described as a clinical syndrome, although the exact definition has changed over the past centuries. The inclusion of the pathological changes added another level of complexity, with Lewy bodies, synuclein deposits and neuronal loss in the substantia nigra being used alternatively. A third level of complexity was added with the recognition of genetic mutations resulting in parkinsonism, sometimes with and sometimes without Lewy body deposition, and the identification of frequent additional important pre-motor manifestations.These different points of view on the definition of PD have important implications on the study of the etiology and even the therapy of PD. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316956 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316956 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185647&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004539%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We prospectively assessed diagnostic yield of muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) studies in patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of a myopathy. Results were analysed with respect to the final diagnosis, and compared to the reference standard, which was qualitative electromyography (EMG), turns-amplitude analysis (TAA), and muscle biopsy. We included 125 patients, in whom a myopathy was diagnosed in 71, and a neuromuscular disorder was excluded in 54. Sensitivity of MFCV for the presence of a myopathy was 84%, and specificity 83%. Diagnostic yield of MFCV was superior to EMG, TAA, and muscle biopsy in patients with metabolic myopathies, non-dystrophic myopathies, and channelopathies.We concluded that measurement of MFCV is a quantitative EMG technique with a high diagn... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185647 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185646&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004576%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: This study of collegiate athletes provides initial evidence in support of the K–D test as a strong candidate rapid sideline visual screening tool for concussion. Data show worsening of scores following concussion, and ongoing follow-up in this study with additional concussion events and different athlete populations will further examine the effectiveness of the K–D test. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185646 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185644&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004606%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a patient with an initial diagnosis of AIDP in whom repeated NCS revealed the AMAN variant. This led us to investigate serial NCS in five patients with GBS, FS and FS/GBS overlap presenting over a period of a year. Three patients with AIDP showed a gradual increase in distal motor latencies during the acute phase of illness. NCS of two patients with FS and FS/GBS overlap showed no demyelinating features suggesting underlying axonal neuropathy in this group of patients. The importance of serial NCS in establishing the underlying pattern of neuropathy in GBS and FS is further emphasized in this study. Larger studies incorporating serial NCS are required to confirm the observations seen in our case series especially when pathological studies are often not justified in this group of... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185644 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316965&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004461%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: PET and SPECT are very sensitive techniques to detect in-vivo nigrostriatal degeneration in Parkinson's disease, even in the pre-motor phase of the disease. Furthermore, these techniques are able to measure disease progression. However, caution must be used in the interpretation of studies in which therapeutic effects in Parkinson's disease were also monitored by serial imaging of nigrostriatal neurons, as disparity between imaging and clinical outcomes has been reported in several clinical studies. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316965 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316965 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185669&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004564%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We read with great interest the article by Zhang et al. “The -1082G/A polymorphism in IL-10 gene is associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis” . The authors included 12 studies with 2158 Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and 2088 controls, and the results suggested that IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism might be a modestly risk factor for the development of AD in dominant model (AA+AG versus GG) among European and the overall. However, no significant difference was found in any models among Asian. In addition, we have three further comments on the meta-analysis by Zhang et al. . (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185669 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185667&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004424%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report a 47-year-old woman who manifested ocular motility disorder, bilateral pyramidal signs, and severe parkinsonism after a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for non communicating hydrocephalus secondary to idiopathic aqueduct stenosis. The ocular motility disorder consisted of severe vertical gaze palsy and convergence retraction nystagmus. Parkinsonism included not only bradykinesia but also resting tremor and cogwheel rigidity. On the other hand, striatal uptake did not decrease in 18F-dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography, and anti-Parkinsonian drugs were not effective. 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer bicisate single-photon emission computed tomography and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed wide-ranged frontal cerebral cortical dysfunction due to m... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185667 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185648&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004527%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study revealed that silymarin, a naturally occurring flavone from the milk thistle (Silybum marianum), may be helpful in slowing down the progression of neurodegeneration in focal cerebral ischemia. These results suggest that the neuroprotective potential of silymarin is mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185648 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185643&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004618%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 73-year-old man had episodic encephalopathy, ataxia and neuropathy. Symptoms largely resolved but adenopathy later lead to the diagnosis of a low-grade follicular lymphoma. The neurological symptoms soon recurred with new pontine calcifications identified by computed tomography. Brain biopsy revealed microvascular endothelial cell nuclear changes. Electron microscopy identified small polymorphic bacteria without a cell wall and with terminal and attachment organelles within endothelial cells and clustered in some microvascular lumina. Immunostaining was positive for Mycoplasma pneumoniae and convalescent serum enzyme immunoassay was positive for M. pneumoniae IgG. The patient again recovered and he was neurologically stable 33months after the initial episode. The ultrastructura... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185643 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316996&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004473%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The mirror system includes a group of neurons in the monkey cortex that discharge both when a movement is executed and when that same movement is observed. An equivalent system in humans has been proposed to mediate action and emotion understanding, being therefore related to theory of mind.Theory of mind (TOM) is the ability to infer our own or, more frequently, other person's mental states. It is severely impaired in disorders of the autistic spectrum, but it is also affected in other neurological diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD).Two recent studies have shown that the basal ganglia may be involved in action observation, as the subthalamic nucleus shows changes in activity during movement observation similar to those observed during movement execution. These findings ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316996 Fri, 12 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316996 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316994&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004485%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Impulsive–compulsive behaviours (ICBs) are an increasingly well-recognised adverse-effect of dopaminergic medications used to treat Parkinson's disease. ICBs include pathological gambling, compulsive sexual behaviour, compulsive buying, and binge eating, together with punding and the addiction-like compulsive use of dopamine replacement therapy, or dopamine dysregulation syndrome. The prevalence of ICBs was approximately 14% in a large study undertaken in specialist movement disorder clinics.Dopamine dysregulation syndrome is more associated with compulsive l-dopa use, whereas other ICBs are more linked with oral dopamine agonist use. Other mechanisms implicated in the development and perpetuation of ICBs in PD include aberrant learning from reward-related situations, including... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316994 Fri, 12 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316984&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004497%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Various diagnostic tests are available to demonstrate autonomic failure in extrapyramidal disease. Autonomic function tests can identify parasympathetic and sympathetic dysfunction. While specialized tests are only available in autonomic labs, routine tests such as 24h ambulatory blood pressure measurements can be broadly used in clinical practice eg. as screening tests. In this review, we briefly introduce functional cardiovascular autonomic testing and propose a workup plan for patients with extrapyramidal disease. In all patients with extrapyramidal disease, screening for autonomic dysfunction should be performed. In the case of pathological findings, detailed autonomic testing should be considered with repeated measurements at follow up visits. (Source: Journal of the Neurolo... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316984 Fri, 12 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185651&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004400%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: The mutation frequency of the THAP1 gene was 0.87% in Chinese patients with primary pure dystonia, similar to the mutation frequency found in other ethnic groups. Patients presenting with early-onset cervical dystonia should be screened for THAP1 gene mutations to fully assess all the possible etiologies of dystonia. Further studies are needed for p.L63L in THAP1 in Meige syndrome. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185651 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185649&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100445X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome (GSS) is a rare degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that belongs to the family of human spongiform encephalopathies, or prion diseases. GSS is almost always inherited and mostly carried in an autosomal dominant pattern. Nevertheless, GSS is genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous; among the different prion diseases GSS has the longest clinical course thereby has the potential to mimic the clinical course of different neurological disorders.Here, we report of a patient with a progressive ataxic syndrome, with MRI and CSF findings suggestive of a demyelinating-inflammatory process as multiple sclerosis and the cues that prompted to a final diagnosis of GSS. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185649 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185645&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X1100459X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe three sporadic ALS patients in which a D11Y SOD1 mutation was detected. All three patients disclosed a prolonged survival and a stereotypical distal limbs involvement in the initial stages of the disease. By this report we demonstrate that D11Y SOD1 mutation is associated with a peculiar phenotype and we confirm its probable pathogenetic role. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185645 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185650&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004436%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Background/aims: Previous studies proved that vasodilation, caused by hypercapnia or acetazolamide, does not inhibit the visually evoked flow velocity changes in the posterior cerebral arteries. Our aim was to determine whether vasoconstriction induced by hypocapnia affects the neurovascular coupling.Methods: By using a visual cortex stimulation paradigm, visually evoked flow velocity changes were detected by transcranial Doppler sonography in both posterior cerebral arteries of fourteen young healthy adults. The control measurement was followed by the examination under hyperventilation. Visual-evoked-potentials were also recorded during the control and hyperventilation phases.Results: The breathing frequency increased from 16±2 to 37±3/min during hyperventilation, resulting in... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185650 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111565&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004151%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111565 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 22:19:23 +0100 5111565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111523&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004114%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111523 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 22:19:10 +0100 5111523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316969&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11003984%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Though the core symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are motor-related, a majority of patients also have neuropsychiatric symptoms concerning mood, behavior and cognition. Apathy and depression are considered among the most frequent ones, and have a negative impact on global functioning and quality of life. Recent neuroimaging studies have provided specific findings related with these symptoms. Depression in PD has been specifically associated with morphological and functional changes in prefrontal cortex, cingulate and thalamus, as with 5-HT transmission reduction in posterior cingulated and amygdala–hippocampus complex. Apathy has received less attention, but has been related with gray matter volume reductions or functional deficits in many regions, as anterior and posterior ... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316969 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5185653&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004357%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: High dose intravenous prednisolone might cause different types of arrhythmias in MS patients. Cigarette smokers and patients with autonomic disturbances like sphincter and bowel problems have more chance to develop arrhythmias while receiving high dose steroids. (Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences) Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5185653 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5185653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317010&cid=s_38544_25_f&fid=38544&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0022510X11004382%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common disabling neurodegenerative diseases. Although several therapeutic approaches are available, there are two major unresolved issues: the lack of proved neuroprotective therapy and the treatment of L-dopa-induced motor complications. In the brain, 90% of the tryptophan is metabolized in the kynurenine pathway. Some of the intermediates, such as quinolinic acid and 3-hydroxy kynurenine, are neurotoxic, while others, such as kynurenic acid, are putative intrinsic neuroprotective compounds, mainly by acting as endogenous antagonists of ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptors. Alterations in the kynurenine pathway have been demonstrated in PD. Preclinical data suggest that intervention in the kynurenine pathway may result in neuropr... Journal of the Neurological Sciences journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317010 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317010