MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 11:21:08 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636225&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Each year, approximately 350,000 persons are diagnosed with breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer in the United States, and nearly 100,000 die from these diseases. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening tests for each of these cancers to reduce morbidity and mortality. Healthy People 2020 sets national objectives for use of the recommended cancer screening tests and identifies the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) as the means to measure progress. Data from the 2010 NHIS were analyzed to assess use of the recommended tests by age, race, ethnicity, education, length of U.S. residence, and source and financing of health care to identify groups not receiving the full benefits of screening and to target specific interventions to... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636225 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636224&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278158%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, consistent with similar previous research, a higher proportion of gang homicides than other homicides involved young adults and adolescents, racial and ethnic minorities, and males. Additionally, the proportion of gang homicides resulting from drug trade/use or with other crimes in progress was consistently low in the five cities, ranging from zero to 25%. Furthermore, this report found that gang homicides were more likely to occur with firearms and in public places, which suggests that gang homicides are quick, retaliatory reactions to ongoing gang-related conflict. These findings provide evidence for the need to prevent gang involvement early in adolescence and to increase youths' capacity to resolve conflict nonvi... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636224 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636223&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In November 2010, the Ministry of Health of the proposed nation of South Sudan requested CDC assistance in investigating a recent increase and geographic clustering of an illness resulting in head nodding and seizures. The outbreak was suspected to be nodding syndrome, an unexplained neurologic condition characterized by episodes of repetitive dropping forward of the head, often accompanied by other seizure-like activity, such as convulsions or staring spells. The condition predominantly affects children aged 5-15 years and has been reported in South Sudan from the states of Western and Central Equatoria and in Northern Uganda and southern Tanzania. Because of visa and security concerns, CDC investigators did not travel to South Sudan until May 2011. On arrival,... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636223 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636222&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Because of an increasing incidence of reported pertussis cases attributed to waning immunity among adults and adolescents, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) in 2005 recommended administration of a new, combined tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) for adolescents and adults aged 11-64 years. ACIP recommended that they receive a single dose of Tdap to replace tetanus and diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Td) for booster immunization against tetanus and diphtheria if they had not previously received Tdap. Adults aged ≥65 years were to receive Td according to ACIP recommendations. To learn whether these age-specific recommendations were being followed in an emergency department (ED), the charts of a samp... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636222 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636222 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617944&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258415%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes estimated rates of self-reported prepregnancy contraceptive use among white, black, and Hispanic teen females aged 15-19 years with unintended pregnancies resulting in live births. Approximately one half (50.1%) of these teens were not using any method of birth control when they got pregnant, and of these, nearly one third (31.4%) believed they could not get pregnant at the time; 21.0% used a highly effective contraceptive method (although less than 1% used one of the most effective methods, such as an intrauterine device [IUD]); 24.2% used the moderately effective method of condoms; and 5.1% used the least effective methods, such as rhythm and withdrawal. To decrease teen birth rates, efforts are needed to reduce or delay the onset of sexual activity, provide factual... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617944 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617943&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258416%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Although endemic measles transmission has been interrupted in the United States, importations of this highly infectious virus continue. On March 28, 2009, a physician notified the Pennsylvania Department of Health (PADOH) of a measles case involving an unvaccinated child. Within 5 days, four additional cases were reported to PADOH and the Allegheny County Health Department. All five infected persons had been in the same hospital emergency department (ED) on March 10; one of them was a physician who worked in the ED. To find the source patient, PADOH reviewed electronic records of patients evaluated in the ED on March 10 for fever and rash. This identified a child who arrived recently from India, was treated for viral exanthema, and discharged. On April 3, PADOH ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617943 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617942&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258417%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Mercury exposure has been reported among users of skin-lightening creams produced outside the United States but not among nonusers in their households. Mercury exposure can result in irreversible renal and central nervous system damage or death. In March 2010, coordinators of a health study notified members of a Mexican-American family in California with four study participants that they had elevated blood mercury levels and also notified the local health department, which in turn asked the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) to investigate. CDPH interviewed the four study participants and a fifth household member and identified unlabeled skin-lightening creams with mercury content measured at 2.0%-5.7% by weight as the likely source of mercury exposur... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617942 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617941&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22258418%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract GeoSentinel (the surveillance program of the International Society of Travel Medicine and CDC) has identified 32 cases of suspected acute muscular sarcocystosis in travelers returning from Tioman Island off the east coast of peninsular Malaysia. All the patients traveled to Tioman Island during the summer of 2011. Within days or weeks of returning home, all experienced fever and muscle pain, often severe and prolonged. All had peripheral eosinophilia, and most had elevated serum creatinine phosphokinase levels. Most were tested for acute trichinosis and toxoplasmosis by serology, and all of these tests were negative. Approximately half of the patients were identified in Germany; others were reported elsewhere in Europe, and in North America and Asia. Muscle biop... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617941 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617948&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237028%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Alaska's postneonatal mortality rate of 3.4 deaths per 1,000 live births during 2006-2008 was 48% higher than the 2007 U.S. rate of 2.3 per 1,000. Among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) infants, the Alaska rate of 8.0 per 1,000 was 70% higher than the U.S. rate of 4.7. The Alaska Division of Public Health analyzed a linked birth-infant death file for 1989-2009 to examine temporal trends in postneonatal mortality in Alaska, specifically in the Alaska Native (AN) population. Overall and non-Alaska Native (non-AN) rates declined during the entire period, but no significant trends in AN-specific mortality were apparent. Infant mortality review committee findings indicated a decline during 1992-2007 among all postneonatal deaths attributed to sudden infant death... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617948 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617947&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237029%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes investigations of 180 randomly selected HBV cases reported during June 2008-November 2009. Approximately two thirds (67%) of patients were Asian, and the most commonly reported reason for HBV testing was the patient's birth country or race/ethnicity (27%). In 70% of cases, the clinician did not know of any patient risk factors. Sixty-nine percent of clinicians stated that they counseled their patients about notifying close contacts about their infection, and 75% counseled about transmission and prevention. Sixty-two percent did not know their patient's hepatitis A vaccination status despite recommendations. This surveillance effort provided quantitative data on health disparities useful for identifying opportunities for outreach and education, and it showed that not ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617947 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617946&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237030%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In 2007, approximately 27,000 unintentional drug overdose deaths occurred in the United States, one death every 19 minutes. Prescription drug abuse is the fastest growing drug problem in the United States. The increase in unintentional drug overdose death rates in recent years has been driven by increased use of a class of prescription drugs called opioid analgesics. Since 2003, more overdose deaths have involved opioid analgesics than heroin and cocaine combined. In addition, for every unintentional overdose death related to an opioid analgesic, nine persons are admitted for substance abuse treatment, 35 visit emergency departments, 161 report drug abuse or dependence, and 461 report nonmedical uses of opioid analgesics. Implementing strategies that target thos... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617946 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617945&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22237031%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Binge drinking is reported by one in six U.S. adults, and those who binge drink tend to do so frequently and with high intensity. Implications for Public Health Practice: More widespread implementation of Community Guide-recommended interventions (e.g., measures controlling access to alcohol and increasing prices) could reduce the frequency, intensity, and ultimately the prevalence of binge drinking, as well as the health and social costs related to it. PMID: 22237031 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617945 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575338&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217621%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the characteristics and clinical courses of 13 severely ill residents with suspected or confirmed influenza; 10 were hospitalized, and seven died. Diagnosis is challenging in this population, and clinicians should consider influenza in patients with neurologic and neurodevelopmental conditions who have respiratory illness or a decline in baseline medical status when influenza is circulating in the community. Prompt testing, early and aggressive antiviral treatment, and antiviral chemoprophylaxis are important for these patients. When influenza is suspected, antiviral treatment should be given as soon as possible after symptom onset, ideally within 48 hours. Treatment should not wait for laboratory confirmation of influenza. During outbreaks, antiviral chemoprophylaxi... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575338 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575337&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217622%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the patient's clinical course and the associated public health investigation. This is the third report of human rabies in the United States acquired in Haiti since 2000 and highlights the importance of obtaining a detailed history for patients who have traveled from a rabies-endemic country and the value of consultation with medical and public health professionals regarding any animal bites. PMID: 22217622 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575337 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575336&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217623%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that survey, which found that 55% of jails did not receive A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine during the pandemic period, whereas only 14% of federal prisons and 11% of state prisons did not receive the vaccine. Greater inclusion of correctional facilities, especially smaller facilities, in pandemic preparedness planning might better protect correctional facility populations and the community as a whole in the event of future influenza pandemics. PMID: 22217623 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575336 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575335&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract From August 17 to December 23, 2011, CDC received reports of 12 human infections with influenza A (H3N2)v viruses that have the matrix (M) gene from the influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus (formerly called swine-origin influenza A [H3N2] and pandemic influenza A [H1N1] 2009 viruses, respectively). The 12 cases occurred in five states (Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia), and 11 were in children. Six of the 12 patients had no identified recent exposure to swine. Three of the 12 patients were hospitalized, and all have recovered fully. PMID: 22217624 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575335 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5575334&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217625%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On October 24, 2011, the North Carolina Division of Public Health (NCDPH) was notified of four Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections among persons who had attended the 2011 North Carolina State Fair, held October 13-23 in Raleigh. Approximately 1 million visitors had attended the fair. PMID: 22217625 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5575334 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5575334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543773&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22189891%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On September 29, 2011, the United Network for Organ Sharing notified CDC of two patients who tested positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection approximately 6 months after receiving kidney transplants from a deceased donor. Before transplantation, the donor had tested negative for HCV antibody by the organ procurement organization. Tissue also was procured from the donor for possible transplantation. The tissue bank performed an HCV antibody test on the donor's serum specimen that was negative and nucleic acid testing (NAT) that was positive, but misread as negative. Retesting of the donor specimen during the investigation confirmed the NAT results as positive. Donated tissue included 43 musculoskeletal grafts and one cardiopulmonary patch, which were distri... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543773 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543772&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22189892%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of the assessment, which found that in 2010, states reported a need for 304 more full-time equivalent (FTE) employees working in food safety to reach full program capacity, with the greatest demand for master's degree-level epidemiologists (50% of demand). Barriers to investigating foodborne outbreaks reported most often by states included delayed notification of the outbreak (reported by 41 states), lack of a sufficient number of foodborne safety staff members (29 states), lower prioritization of investigations (27 states), lack of ability to pay overtime (20 states), and lack of adequate epidemiology expertise (12 states). Strategies should be developed to increase the number of food safety staff members and enhance their training opportunities, address... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543772 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543772 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543771&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22189893%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On October 25, 2011, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended routine use of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (HPV4; Gardasil, Merck & Co. Inc.) in males aged 11 or 12 years. ACIP also recommended vaccination with HPV4 for males aged 13 through 21 years who have not been vaccinated previously or who have not completed the 3-dose series; males aged 22 through 26 years may be vaccinated. These recommendations replace the October 2009 ACIP guidance that HPV4 may be given to males aged 9 through 26 years. For these recommendations, ACIP considered information on vaccine efficacy (including data available since October 2009, on prevention of grade 2 or 3 anal intraepithelial neoplasia [AIN2/3], a precursor of anal cancer)... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543771 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543771 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543770&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22189894%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes these recommendations and provides the rationale used by ACIP to inform their decision making. PMID: 22189894 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543770 Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543770 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523700&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22169977%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, overall, the prevalence of obesity in grades K-8 decreased 5.5%, from 21.9% in 2006-07 to 20.7% in 2010-11. Obesity decreased significantly among children in all age groups and in all socioeconomic and racial/ethnic populations; however, the decrease was smaller among black (1.9%) and Hispanic (3.4%) children than among Asian/Pacific Islander (7.6%) and white (12.5%) children. Despite the decreases in obesity, continued public health interventions are needed to further reduce the prevalence of obesity and to eliminate disparities among schoolchildren in New York City. PMID: 22169977 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523700 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523705&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22157882%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that among adults with arthritis 1) prevalence of no LTPA is significantly higher compared with adults without arthritis in every state and the District of Columbia (DC), 2) the disparity in prevalence of no LTPA between adults with and without arthritis is large (median: 53% disparity gap), 3) 23 (45%) states had an age-standardized prevalence of no LTPA ≥30.0%, and 4) adults with arthritis reporting no LTPA comprised a substantial proportion (median: 35.2%) of all adults reporting no LTPA in each state. To reduce the prevalence of no LTPA among all adults, physical activity promotion initiatives should include interventions such as targeted health communication campaigns and community-based group exercise programs proven ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523705 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523704&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22157883%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes U.S. influenza activity* since October 2 and updates the previous summary. PMID: 22157883 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523704 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523701&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22157884%26dopt%3DAbstract This report provides CDC recommendations for using the INH-RPT regimen. The new regimen is recommended as an equal alternative to the 9-month INH regimen for otherwise healthy patients aged ≥12 years who have LTBI and factors that are predictive of TB developing (e.g., recent exposure to contagious TB). The new regimen also can be considered for other categories of patients when it offers practical advantages. Although the INH-RPT regimen was well tolerated in treatment trials, monitoring for adverse effects is recommended. Severe adverse effects should be reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC. PMID: 22157884 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523701 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487617&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract During 2003-2009, substantial progress was made toward the previous goal of measles elimination in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region (EUR) by 2010. However, since late 2009, measles virus transmission has increased, and outbreaks have become widespread. In 2011, measles outbreaks have been reported in 36 of 53 EUR member states; a total of 26,074 measles cases had been reported regionwide as of October 26. France reported the largest number of cases (approximately 14,000), predominantly among older children and young adults who had not been vaccinated or whose vaccination history was unknown. Overall, the primary reason for the increased transmission and outbreaks of measles in EUR is failure to vaccinate susceptible populations. Eliminating me... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487617 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487616&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129995%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes progress in the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in LAC, where it was first introduced in 2006 in Brazil, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela; by January 2011, it was included in the national immunization schedules of 14 countries in LAC. Estimated national rotavirus vaccine coverage (2 doses of the monovalent vaccine or 3 doses of the pentavalent vaccine) among children aged <1 year in 2010 ranged from 49% to 98% (median: 89%) in the 11 LAC countries with vaccine introduction before 2010. Of the 14 countries that had introduced rotavirus vaccine into their national immunization programs, 13 participate in a hospital-based rotavirus surveillance network. Data from some countries in this network and from other monitoring efforts in LAC countries h... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487616 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487615&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129996%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On November 20, 2011, CDC confirmed three cases of swine-origin triple reassortant influenza A (H3N2) (S-OtrH3N2) virus infection in children in two counties in Iowa. None of the children were hospitalized, and each has recovered from a mild episode of febrile respiratory illness. All three were in contact with one another, and none had a known recent exposure to swine. No additional human infections with this virus have been detected in Iowa, and no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of this S-OtrH3N2 virus exists; surveillance is ongoing. PMID: 22129996 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487615 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487614&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129997%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Prevalence of HIV testing and linkage to care are high but warrant continued effort. Increasing the percentages of HIV-infected persons who remain in HIV care, achieve viral suppression, and receive prevention counseling requires additional effort. Implications for Public Health Practice: Public health officials and HIV care providers should improve engagement at each step in the continuum of HIV care and monitor progress in every community using laboratory reports of viral load and CD4 test results. PMID: 22129997 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487614 Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5487614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450932&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108537%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of updated analyses of data collected by national blood transfusion services during 2008--2010 and reported to CDC, which indicated that, since 2007 1) legislative frameworks supporting a national blood policy were established in two countries, are under development in two countries, and are being updated in one country; 2) the number of whole blood units collected had increased in 11 countries; 3) the percentage of collections from voluntary nonremunerated donors† had increased in five countries; and 4) the proportion of collected units reactive for HIV§ had decreased in 12 countries. Countries supported by PEPFAR continue to make progress toward improving safe and adequate supplies of blood. Continued government commitment is critical for ensuring qu... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450932 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5450932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450931&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108538%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, in 2010, the median number of times per day that high school students consumed fruits and vegetables was 1.2 for both. For vegetables, the median number of times per day was lower for non-Hispanic black students (1.0) and Hispanic students (1.1) than non-Hispanic white students (1.4). Overall, 28.5% of high school students consumed fruit <1 time daily, and 33.2% of high school students consumed vegetables <1 time daily. The infrequent fruit and vegetable consumption by high school students highlights the need for effective strategies to increase consumption. Policy and environmental approaches to provide greater access to and availability of fruits and vegetables are among the strategies that schools and commun... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450931 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5450931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450934&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22089967%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that although the number of adults with diagnosed diabetes reporting VI increased, the age-adjusted percentage of adults with diagnosed diabetes who reported VI declined significantly, from 23.7% in 1997 to 16.7% in 2010. During this 14-year period, age-adjusted VI prevalence declined significantly among most categories of adults with diabetes: men, women, whites, Hispanics, those with some college or higher education, and those diagnosed with diabetes for ≥3 years. Prevalence also declined among those aged ≥45 years. The percentage of adults with diagnosed diabetes and self-reported VI who reported having consulted an eye-care provider in the past year remained constant at approximately 63%. Continued efforts are need... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450934 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5450934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450933&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22089968%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On June 6, 2011, the Section of Epidemiology (SOE) of the Alaska Division of Public Health was notified of a case of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in southeast Alaska. In collaboration with local partners, SOE investigated and identified a total of eight confirmed and 13 probable PSP cases that occurred during May--June 2011. Warnings to avoid noncommercially harvested shellfish were broadcast on local radio and television and displayed at beaches and in post offices, government offices, and businesses throughout the region. Commercially harvested shellfish, which are tested for the presence of PSP-causing toxins, were safe. Because the risk for PSP is unpredictable, persons who consume noncommercially harvested Alaskan shellfish should know that they are ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450933 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5450933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409529&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22071589%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, in 2010, 68.8% of adult smokers wanted to stop smoking, 52.4% had made a quit attempt in the past year, 6.2% had recently quit, 48.3% had been advised by a health professional to quit, and 31.7% had used counseling and/or medications when they tried to quit. The prevalence of quit attempts increased during 2001--2010 among smokers aged 25--64 years, but not among other age groups. Health-care providers should identify smokers and offer them brief cessation advice at each visit; counseling and medication should be offered to patients willing to make a quit attempt. PMID: 22071589 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409529 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409528&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22071590%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the status of vaccination coverage globally and regionally in 2010 and progress toward meeting the GIVS goal. In 2010, 130 (67%) countries had achieved 90% DTP3 coverage, and an estimated 85% of infants worldwide had received at least 3 doses of DTP vaccine. However, 19.3 million children were not fully vaccinated and remained at risk for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis and other vaccine-preventable causes of morbidity and mortality; approximately 50% of these children live in India, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Despite the overall improvement in vaccination coverage during the past 37 years, routine vaccination programs need to be strengthened globally, especially in countries with the greatest numbers of unvaccinated children. PMID: 2207159... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409528 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409527&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22071591%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates previous reports (1,4) and describes polio eradication activities and progress in Afghanistan and Pakistan during January 2010--September 2011, as of October 31, 2011, and planned activities during 2011--2012 to address challenges to polio eradication. In Afghanistan, WPV transmission during 2010--2011 predominantly occurred in the conflict-affected South Region and the adjacent Farah Province of the West Region. During 2010, 25 WPV cases were confirmed in Afghanistan, compared with 38 in 2009; 42 WPV cases were confirmed during January--September 2011, compared with 19 for the same period in 2010. In Pakistan, WPV transmission during 2010--2011occurred both in conflict-affected, inaccessible areas along the common border with Afghanistan and in accessible areas; 144 WP... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409527 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5409526&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22071592%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Herpes zoster vaccine (Zostavax, Merck & Co., Inc.) was licensed and recommended in 2006 for prevention of herpes zoster among adults aged 60 years and older. In March 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of Zostavax in adults aged 50 through 59 years. In June 2011, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) declined to recommend the vaccine for adults aged 50 through 59 years and reaffirmed its current recommendation that herpes zoster vaccine be routinely recommended for adults aged 60 years and older. PMID: 22071592 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5409526 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5409526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375094&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048728%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On March 12, 2010, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) published recommendations for use of a newly licensed, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to replace the 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) for all children and for a supplemental dose for those aged 14 through 59 months. PCV is given routinely to children at ages 2, 4, and 6 months, and a booster dose is given at 12--15 months. PCV13 includes antigens of six pneumococcal serotypes in addition to those in PCV7. Children only vaccinated with PCV7 are susceptible to those six serotypes, which can cause invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and death. During 2010 and 2011, CDC evaluated available data to assess the occurrence of PCV13-type IPD cases and PCV13 vaccination coverage among chil... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375094 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375093&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048729%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates previous reports and summarizes progress toward polio eradication in India during January 2010--September 2011. Throughout India, the most recent confirmed WPV type 3 (WPV3) case occurred on October 22, 2010, in Jharkhand, and the most recent confirmed WPV type 1 (WPV1) case occurred on January 13, 2011, in West Bengal; WPV2 has not been reported in India since 1999. Importation of WPV into India is a risk, and undetected low-level WPV transmission is a possibility, requiring high vaccination coverage in all states, continued focus on children in migrant and underserved populations, sensitive surveillance for prompt detection of any WPV, and preparedness to mount a robust emergency vaccination campaign in response to any WPV cases. PMID: 22048729 [PubMed - in proces... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375093 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375092&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048730%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The epidemic of overdoses of OPR has continued to worsen. Wide variation among states in the nonmedical use of OPR and overdose rates cannot be explained by underlying demographic differences in state populations but is related to wide variations in OPR prescribing. Implications for Public Health Practice: Health-care providers should only use OPRs in carefully screened and monitored patients when non-OPR treatments are insufficient to manage pain. Insurers and prescription drug monitoring programs can identify and take action to reduce both inappropriate and illegal prescribing. Third-party payers can limit reimbursement in ways that reduce inappropriate prescribing, discourage efforts to obtain OPR from multiple health-care providers, and improve clinical care. Changes in ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375092 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375099&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031216%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In September 2010, the Pennsylvania Department of Health was notified of a cluster of invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections among residents of a skilled nursing facility specializing in neurologic and pulmonary care. The Montgomery County Health Department, the Pennsylvania Department of Health, and CDC conducted an investigation to identify additional cases and GAS carriers, assess risk factors and infection prevention practices, implement control measures, and prevent further infections. The investigators determined that, during October 12, 2009--September 22, 2010, 10 residents at the facility had noninvasive GAS infection, and 13 had invasive GAS infection; two residents with invasive infection died. An additional seven culture-confirmed GAS infect... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375099 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375098&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031217%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates published and previously unpublished data and describes progress towards global eradication of dracunculiasis since January 2010. The number of indigenous cases of dracunculiasis worldwide decreased 44%, from 3,185 cases in 2009 to 1,793 in 2010. As of June 2011, dracunculiasis remained endemic in three countries (Ethiopia, Mali, and South Sudan). Of the 814 cases that occurred during January--June 2011, a total of 801 (98%) were reported from 358 villages in South Sudan. By October 2010, Ghana had gone 12 months without an indigenous case, thereby interrupting transmission; Ethiopia and Mali are close to interrupting transmission, as indicated by the small and declining numbers of cases in these two countries. An outbreak of 10 cases was discovered in Chad in 2010. The... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375098 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375097&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031218%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Effective November 30, 2011, CDC will no longer provide investigational pentavalent (ABCDE) botulinum toxoid (PBT) for vaccination of workers at risk for occupational exposure to botulinum serotypes A, B, C, D, and E. This change might affect persons working in public health laboratories, research facilities, and manufacturing institutions who work with botulinum toxin or neurotoxin-producing species of Clostridium. CDC's decision is based on an assessment of the available data, which indicate a decline in immunogenicity of some of the toxin serotypes. The occurrence of moderate local reactions related to annual booster doses also has increased, which was noted in the 1990s at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases and resulted in a cha... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375097 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375096&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031219%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In February 2011, three residents of a retirement community in Illinois were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis. The admitting physicians ordered testing of stool specimens for several pathogens, including rotavirus. The hospital laboratory detected rotavirus antigen in specimens from each patient, and the hospital infection control practitioner reported that information to the Cook County Department of Public Health. Two additional residents were hospitalized for rotavirus gastroenteritis shortly thereafter. The health department sent stool specimens from the five patients to CDC for testing for rotavirus and norovirus. Rotavirus was detected in each specimen; norovirus was not detected. During a subsequent investigation, all available residents were querie... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375096 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375095&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031220%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract During 2002--2009, rates of newly diagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increased from 65 to 113 cases per 100,000 population among persons aged 15--24 years in Massachusetts. Accordingly, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) and CDC interviewed persons aged 18--24 years with HCV infection reported to MDPH during July 1--December 31, 2010, to elicit detailed information regarding demographic, clinical, and risk characteristics. PMID: 22031220 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375095 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375105&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012113%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that assessment, which determined that, although 47.6% of persons aged ≥2 years meet the criteria to limit their daily sodium intake to 1,500 mg, the usual daily sodium intake for 98.6% of those persons was >1,500 mg. Moreover, for 88.2% of the remaining U.S. population, daily sodium intake was greater than the recommended <2,300 mg. New population-based strategies and increased public health and private efforts will be needed to meet the Dietary Guidelines recommendations. PMID: 22012113 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375105 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375104&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On January 27, 2011, a West Virginia county health department was notified of a cluster of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) cases detected by a local hospital (hospital A). CRKP infections frequently are resistant to a majority of antimicrobial agents and have an increased risk for morbidity and mortality. The West Virginia Bureau for Public Health (WVBPH) conducted field investigations to identify all cases, characterize risk factors for infection, and abstract data for a matched case-control study. Nineteen case-patients and 38 control patients were identified. Infection with CRKP was associated with admission from or prior stay at a local long-term--care facility (LTCF A). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis indicated that all fi... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375104 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375103&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012115%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that assessment, which indicated a 17.5% increase from 40 states in 2007 to 47 states in 2010 with fully operational general communicable disease (GCD) electronic surveillance systems, a 211.5% increase from 13 to 39 states in the number of systems that were interoperable, a 22.4% increase from 23 to 34 states in the number with integrated systems, and a 20.0% increase to 42 states with the capacity to receive electronic laboratory reports (ELRs). New Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services rules for meaningful use of health information technology encourage data exchange between electronic health record systems and public health agencies, including submission of ELRs. To meet national goals for health information exchange to improve population healt... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375103 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375102&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012116%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes data considered and conclusions made by ACIP and provides guidance for implementing its recommendations. PMID: 22012116 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375102 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375101&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012117%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved revised prescribing information and patient labeling from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals for the monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1, marketed as Rotarix) and revised prescribing information and patient labeling from Merck & Co. for the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5, marketed as RotaTeq) to include history of intussusception as a contraindication. FDA approved the revisions for RV1 in February 2011 and for RV5 in July 2011. In its rotavirus vaccination recommendations, CDC is updating the contraindications for rotavirus vaccine (RV1 and RV5) to include history of intussusception. Previously, CDC had considered history of intussusception a precaution but not a contraindication. PMID: 22012117 [PubMed - i... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375101 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375100&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22012118%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On July 22, 2011, a pediatric infectious disease physician reported a culture-confirmed case of Yersinia enterocolitica infection to the Allegheny County Health Department (ACHD), Pennsylvania. Two additional cases in Allegheny County with onset around the same time were identified by Pennsylvania's version of the National Electronic Disease Surveillance System aberration detection algorithm, which routinely evaluates disease reports, searching for unusual events. During March--August for the 3-year period 2008--2010, three cases of Y. enterocolitica infection had been reported in Allegheny County and a total of five in southwestern Pennsylvania. Subsequent review of the surveillance data identified 16 culture-confirmed patients with symptom onset during March 2... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375100 Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375110&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993341%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which determined that, although self-reported CHD prevalence declined overall, substantial differences in prevalence existed by age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and state of residence. These data can enable state and national health agencies to monitor CHD prevalence as a measure of progress toward meeting the Healthy People 2020 objective to reduce the U.S. rate of CHD deaths 20% from the 2007 baseline. PMID: 21993341 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375110 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375109&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993342%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the progress toward HPV vaccine introduction in the Americas, focusing on countries that have introduced the vaccine in national or regional immunization programs. As of January 2011, four countries in the Americas had introduced HPV vaccine. Overcoming issues related to financing and delivery of HPV vaccine remains a key public health challenge to more widespread implementation of HPV vaccination in the Americas. PMID: 21993342 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375109 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375109 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375108&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993343%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the implementation of the viral hepatitis surveillance system in Pakistan and summarizes major findings from June 2010 through March 2011. A total of 712 cases of viral hepatitis were reported; newly reported HCV infection accounted for 53.2% of reported cases, followed by acute hepatitis A (19.8%), acute hepatitis E (12.2%), and newly reported HBV infection (10.8%). A history of health-care--related exposures, particularly receipt of therapeutic injections and infusions, commonly were reported by persons infected with HBV and HCV, and most patients reported drinking unboiled water. These findings point to the need for improved provider and community education about risks associated with unsafe injections, strengthening infection control practices in health facilities... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375108 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375107&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In April 2011, the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY-D) (Menactra, Sanofi Pasteur) as a 2-dose primary series among children aged 9 through 23 months. Vaccination with meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4) is not recommended for children aged <2 years because of low immunogenicity and short duration of protection in this age group. PMID: 21993344 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375107 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5375106&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993345%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On April 22, 2011, the Q fever bacterium Coxiella burnetii was detected in a goat placenta collected from a farm in Washington, where 14 of 50 (28%) pregnant does had aborted since January. A county health alert advised health-care providers to ask patients with symptoms compatible with Q fever (e.g., fever, headache, chills, and myalgia) about exposure to goats, and the owners of the farm informed purchasers of their goats that C. burnetii had been detected in their herd. On May 25, the county health department reported a symptomatic patient with antibodies to C. burnetii who had purchased goats from the farm in February. On May 27, a report from Montana identified a child seropositive for C. burnetii whose family had purchased goats from the Washington farm in... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5375106 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5375106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293334&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21976115%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that an estimated 173,285 persons aged ≤19 years were treated in EDs annually for nonfatal TBIs related to sports and recreation activities. From 2001 to 2009, the number of annual TBI-related ED visits increased significantly, from 153,375 to 248,418, with the highest rates among males aged 10--19 years. By increasing awareness of TBI risks from sports and recreation, employing proper technique and protective equipment, and quickly responding to injuries, the incidence, severity, and long-term negative health effects of TBIs among children and adolescents can be reduced. PMID: 21976115 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293334 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293333&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21976116%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which identified 584 cases of illness or injury associated with pool chemicals in the six SENSOR-Pesticides states and indicated an estimated national total of 28,071 cases (based on 688 NEISS cases) during that period. For the 77% of state cases and 49% of NEISS cases that had sufficient information to determine factors contributing to illness or injury, the most common contributing factors included mixing incompatible products, spills and splashes of chemicals, lack of appropriate PPE use, and dust clouds or fumes generated by opening a chemical container. Adhering to existing CDC recommendations can prevent some of the reported illnesses and injuries, but additional measures (e.g., improving package design to limit the release of dust ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293333 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293332&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21976117%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is aimed at expanding access to health care and lowering cost barriers to seeking and receiving care, particularly high-value preventive care. The legislation requires Medicare and all qualified commercial health plans (except grandfathered individual and employer-sponsored plans) to cover routine preventive services graded A and B by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) at no cost to the consumer, along with recommended immunizations and additional preventive care and screenings for women. In 2009, Colorado passed a law with similar USPTF A and B service coverage requirements. To determine how Colorado health plans had interpreted the state and federal law, the Colorado Department of Public Heal... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293332 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293331&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21976118%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Rates of self-reported alcohol-impaired driving have declined substantially in recent years. However, rates remain disproportionally high among young men, binge drinkers, and those who do not always wear a seat belt. Implications for Public Health: States and communities should continue current evidence-based strategies, such as sobriety checkpoints and enforcement of 0.08 g/dL blood alcohol concentration laws to deter the public from driving while impaired. Additionally, all states should consider requiring ignition interlocks on the vehicles of all persons convicted of alcohol-impaired driving. States without primary seatbelt laws should consider enacting them to reduce fatalities in alcohol-impaired driving crashes. PMID: 21976118 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Mor... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293331 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293330&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21976119%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Listeriosis is caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a gram-positive bacillus common in the environment and acquired by humans primarily through consumption of contaminated food. Infection causes a spectrum of illness, ranging from febrile gastroenteritis to invasive disease, including sepsis and meningoencephalitis. Invasive listeriosis occurs predominantly in older adults and persons with impaired immune systems. Listeriosis in pregnant women is typically a mild "flu-like" illness, but can result in fetal loss, premature labor, or neonatal infection. Listeriosis is treated with antibiotics. On September 2, 2011, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) notified CDC of seven cases of listeriosis reported since August 28. On average, Colorado... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293330 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272397&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956405%26dopt%3DAbstract This report highlights HEV68 as an increasingly recognized cause of respiratory illness. Clinicians should be aware of HEV68 as one of many causes of viral respiratory disease and should report clusters of unexplained respiratory illness to the appropriate public health agency. PMID: 21956405 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272397 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272396&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956406%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which found that, overall, age-adjusted cigarette smoking prevalence among working adults was 19.6% and was highest among those with less than a high school education (28.4%), those with no health insurance (28.6%), those living below the federal poverty level (27.7%), and those aged 18--24 years (23.8%). Substantial differences in smoking prevalence were observed across industry and occupation groups. By industry, age-adjusted cigarette smoking prevalence among working adults ranged from 9.7% in education services to 30.0% in mining; by occupation group, prevalence ranged from 8.7% in education, training, and library to 31.4% in construction and extraction. Although some progress has been made in reducing smoking prevalence among working... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272396 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272395&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956407%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that assessment, which determined that 1,327 2009 H1N1 hospitalizations were reported, compared with an average of 435 seasonal influenza hospitalizations during three previous influenza seasons, and 25.5% of 2009 H1N1 hospitalizations resulted in severe illness (intensive-care unit [ICU] admission or death), compared with 14.0% of seasonal influenza hospitalizations. In addition, 2009 H1N1 disproportionately affected racial/ethnic minorities, pregnant women, and residents of Salt Lake County (the state's most densely populated county). During the 4-month "spring wave" of the H1N1 pandemic, a greater percentage of hospitalizations (30.9%) resulted in severe illness than during the 9-month "fall wave" (23.0%). Surveillance for influenza hospitalizations... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272395 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272394&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21956408%26dopt%3DAbstract This report provides an update on MCV1 coverage, progress in implementing MCV2, and measles outbreak surveillance activities conducted in eight states during 2006--2010. India has initiated implementation of a measles mortality reduction strategy, but the pace of implementation is variable across states. Strong national and state leadership and commitment to rapid reduction of measles mortality are essential to achieve the full benefits of this strategy. PMID: 21956408 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272394 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272401&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937972%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is a wingless, reddish-brown insect that requires blood meals from humans, other mammals, or birds to survive. Bed bugs are not considered to be disease vectors, but they can reduce quality of life by causing anxiety, discomfort, and sleeplessness. Bed bug populations and infestations are increasing in the United States and internationally. Bed bug infestations often are treated with insecticides, but insecticide resistance is a problem, and excessive use of insecticides or use of insecticides contrary to label directions can raise the potential for human toxicity. To assess the frequency of illness from insecticides used to control bed bugs, relevant cases from 2003--2010 were sought from the Sentinel Event Notification Sy... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272401 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272400&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937973%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In April 2008, the Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) of CDC was informed by the Alaska Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS) of a large number of Alaska Native (AN) children living in a remote region of Alaska who required full mouth dental rehabilitations (FMDRs), including extractions and/or restorations of multiple carious teeth performed under general anesthesia. In this remote region, approximately 400 FMDRs were performed in AN children aged <6 years in 2007; the region has approximately 600 births per year. Dental caries can cause pain, which can affect children's normal growth and development. AIP and Alaska DHSS conducted an investigation of dental caries and associated risk factors among children in the remote region. A convenience sampl... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272400 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272399&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937974%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On July 8, 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an expanded age indication for the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) Boostrix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium). Originally, Boostrix was licensed in 2005 for persons aged 10 through 18 years, but in 2008, FDA approved an expanded age indication for Boostrix to include persons aged 19 through 64 years. FDA has now expanded the age indication to include persons aged 65 years and older. Boostrix is now licensed for use in persons aged 10 years and older as a single-dose booster vaccination. This notice summarizes the indications for use of Boostrix. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for Tdap vaccin... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272399 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272398&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21937975%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On August 26, 2011, California public health officials notified CDC of a suspected measles case in an unvaccinated male refugee aged 15 years from Burma (the index patient), who had lived in an urban area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, which is experiencing ongoing measles outbreaks. Currently, approximately 92,000 such refugees are living in urban communities in Malaysia. Resettlement programs in the United States and other countries are ongoing. The health and vaccination status of urban refugees are largely unknown. PMID: 21937975 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272398 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224462&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918492%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the 115 cases of influenza-associated pediatric mortality reported to CDC that occurred from September 1, 2010, through August 31, 2011. Deaths occurred in 33 states. Nearly half of the deaths (46%) occurred in children aged <5 years. Of the children who died, 49% had no known Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)--defined* high-risk medical conditions, and 35% died at home or in the emergency department. Of the 74 children aged ≥6 months for whom vaccination data were available, 17 (23%) had been fully vaccinated. ACIP recommends that all children aged ≥6 months receive vaccination against influenza annually. These findings underscore the importance of vaccinating children to prevent influenza virus infection and its potentially severe complicat... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224462 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224461&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918493%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes influenza activity in the United States and worldwide since the last update. PMID: 21918493 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224461 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224460&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918494%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of these analyses. From 1999 to 2008, decreases in lung cancer incidence were observed among men in 35 states and among women in six states. Regionally, the lowest rates and most rapid rate of decline in lung cancer were concentrated among states in the West, correlating with low smoking prevalence and high ratios of former smokers to ever smokers. Further reductions in smoking prevalence are critical to continue the decline in lung cancer incidence. PMID: 21918494 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224460 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224460 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224459&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918495%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that 49.7% of U.S. adults aged ≥20 years (an estimated 107.3 million persons) have at least one of the three risk factors. To reduce the prevalence of CVD risk factors among persons in the United States, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, in collaboration with nonprofit and private organizations, is launching Million Hearts, a multifaceted combination of evidence-based interventions and strategies aimed at preventing 1 million heart attacks and strokes over the next 5 years. PMID: 21918495 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224459 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224459 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214758&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900871%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, during 2006--2010, a total of 10 chemical suicide incidents were reported from six states, resulting in the deaths of nine suicide victims and injuries to four law enforcement officers. When responding to suspected chemical suicide incidents, emergency responders must take precautions to ensure both their safety and the safety of any bystanders in the immediate vicinity. PMID: 21900871 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214758 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214757&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900872%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, among 347 severely ill pregnant women, 75 died from 2009 H1N1, and 272 were admitted to an intensive-care unit (ICU) and survived. Women who survived received antiviral treatment sooner after symptom onset than women who died. Pregnant women with severe influenza who delivered during their influenza hospitalization were more likely to deliver preterm and low birth weight infants than those in the general U.S. population; infants born after their mother's influenza hospitalization discharge were more likely to be small for gestational age. These data document the severe effects of 2009 H1N1 on pregnant women and their infants, emphasize the importance of vaccinating pregnant women against influenza, and demonstrate the v... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214757 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214756&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900873%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Foodborne agents cause an estimated 48 million illnesses annually in the United States, including 9.4 million illnesses from known pathogens. CDC collects data on foodborne disease outbreaks submitted from all states and territories through the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System. During 2008, the most recent year for which data are finalized, 1,034 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported, which resulted in 23,152 cases of illness, 1,276 hospitalizations, and 22 deaths. Among the 479 outbreaks with a laboratory-confirmed single etiologic agent reported, norovirus was the most common, accounting for 49% of outbreaks and 46% of illnesses. Salmonella was the second most common, accounting for 23% of outbreaks and 31% of illnesses. Among the 218 outbrea... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214756 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214755&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900874%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Each year in the United States, an estimated 75,000--125,000 hospitalizations related to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)occur among children aged <1 year, and RSV infection results in approximately 1.5 million outpatient visits among children aged <5 years. In the United States, RSV season begins in the fall, peaks in winter, and ends in the late winter and early spring. However, the exact timing and duration vary from year to year and by geographic region. To describe trends in RSV seasonality, data from the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) were used to determine the onset, offset, and peak of the July 2010--June 2011 RSV season, and for an aggregate analysis of the four most recent RSV seasons (July 2007--June 2011). ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214755 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214754&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900875%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: During 2005--2010, an overall decrease was observed in the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults; however, the amount and direction of change has not been consistent year-to-year. Implications for Public Health Practice: Enhanced efforts are needed to accelerate the decline in cigarette smoking among adults. Population-based prevention strategies, such as tobacco taxes, media campaigns, and smoke-free policies, in concert with clinical cessation interventions, can help decrease cigarette smoking and reduce the health burden and economic impact of tobacco-related diseases in the United States. PMID: 21900875 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214754 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214753&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21900876%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes two cases of febrile respiratory illness caused by swine-origin influenza A (H3N2) viruses identified on August 19 and August 26, 2011, and the current investigations. No epidemiologic link between the two cases has been identified, and although investigations are ongoing, no additional confirmed human infections with this virus have been detected. These viruses are similar to eight other swine-origin influenza A (H3N2) viruses identified from previous human infections over the past 2 years, but are unique in that one of the eight gene segments (matrix [M] gene) is from the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus. The acquisition of the M gene in these two swine-origin influenza A (H3N2) viruses indicates that they are "reassortants" because they contain genes of the swine-orig... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214753 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214763&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881545%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that antibiotic prescribing rates for persons aged ≤14 years who had visited physician offices decreased 24% from 300 antibiotic courses per 1,000 office visits in 1993--1994 to 229 antibiotic courses per 1,000 office visits in 2007--2008. Among the five acute respiratory infections (ARIs) examined, antibiotic prescribing rates decreased 26% for pharyngitis and 19% for nonspecific upper respiratory infection (common cold); prescribing rates for otitis media, bronchitis, and sinusitis did not change significantly. Although the overall antibiotic prescribing rate for persons aged ≤14 years has decreased, the rate remains inappropriately high. Further efforts are needed to decrease inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for pe... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214763 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214762&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881546%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the 2010 NIS coverage estimates for children born during January 2007--July 2009. Nationally, vaccination coverage increased in 2010 compared with 2009 for ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), from 90.0% to 91.5%; ≥4 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), from 80.4% to 83.3%; the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), from 60.8% to 64.1%; ≥2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), from 46.6% to 49.7%; rotavirus vaccine, from 43.9% to 59.2%; and the full series of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, from 54.8% to 66.8%. Coverage for poliovirus vaccine (93.3%), MMR (91.5%), ≥3 doses HepB (91.8%), and varicella vaccine (90.4%) continued to be at or above the national health objective targets of 90% for these vaccines.* The percen... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214762 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214761&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881547%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract In late December 2010, a male resident of Wisconsin, aged 70 years, sought treatment for progressive right shoulder pain, tremors, abnormal behavior, and dysphagia at an emergency department (ED). He was admitted for observation and treated with benzodiazepines and haloperidol, a neuroleptic, for presumed alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The next day, he had rhabdomyolysis, fever, and rigidity, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome was diagnosed. The neuroleptic was discontinued, but the patient's clinical status worsened, with encephalopathy, respiratory failure, acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and episodes of cardiac arrest. With continued clinical deterioration, additional causes were considered, including rabies. On hospital day 12, rabies virus antigen... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214761 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214760&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract The publication of three recent studies showing that circumcision of adult, African, heterosexual men reduces their risk for acquiring human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted infections has stimulated interest in the practice of routine newborn male circumcision (NMC) and the benefits it might confer for HIV prevention. In the United States, rates of in-hospital NMC increased from 48.3% during 1988--1991 to 61.1% during 1997--2000. To monitor trends in in-hospital NMC during 1999--2010, CDC used three independent data sources (the National Hospital Discharge Survey [NHDS] from the National Center for Health Statistics, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample [NIS] from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Charge Data Mast... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214760 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214759&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881549%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On June 20, 2011, an emergency department (ED) physician reported five epidemiologically linked measles cases to the Indiana State Department of Health. The subsequent investigation identified a total of 14 confirmed cases in northeast Indiana. Of these, 10 were laboratory-confirmed, and four were among household contacts of persons with laboratory-confirmed measles. Of the 14 patients, 13 were unvaccinated persons in the same extended family. The nonfamily member was a child aged 23 months who had received 1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine 4 months before illness onset. Four of the 14 patients were males; median age was 11.5 years (range: 15 months--27 years). One patient was a woman in week 32 of pregnancy who was hospitalized for acute pneumonitis... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214759 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170315&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21866084%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that coverage increased for all three of the routinely administered adolescent vaccines: Tdap from 55.6% to 68.7%, MenACWY from 53.6% to 62.7%, (among females) ≥1 dose of HPV from 44.3% to 48.7%, and ≥3 doses of HPV from 26.7% to 32.0%. Vaccination coverage varied widely among states; three states (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Washington) had coverage of >65% for ≥1 dose of all three vaccines (Tdap, MenACWY, and HPV). Continued evaluation of vaccination-promoting initiatives, including state vaccination-financing policies, is needed to understand their impact on adolescent vaccination and to promote effective practices. PMID: 21866084 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170315 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170314&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21866085%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Preemptive state tobacco control legislation prohibits localities from enacting tobacco control laws that are more stringent than state law. State preemption provisions can preclude any type of local tobacco control policy. The three broad types of state preemption tracked by CDC include preemption of local policies that restrict 1) smoking in workplaces and public places, 2) tobacco advertising, and 3) youth access to tobacco products. A Healthy People 2020 objective (TU-16) calls for eliminating state laws that preempt any type of local tobacco control law. A previous study reported that the number of states that preempt local smoking restrictions in one or more of three settings (government worksites, private-sector worksites, and restaurants) has decreased s... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170314 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170313&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21866086%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract This document provides updated guidance for the use of influenza vaccines in the United States for the 2011--12 influenza season. In 2010, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) first recommended annual influenza vaccination for all persons aged ≥6 months in the United States. Vaccination of all persons aged ≥6 months continues to be recommended. Information is presented in this report regarding vaccine strains for the 2011--12 influenza season, the vaccination schedule for children aged 6 months through 8 years, and considerations regarding vaccination of persons with egg allergy. Availability of a new Food and Drug Administration (FDA)--approved intradermally administered influenza vaccine formulation for adults aged 18 through 64 years is... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170313 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170312&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21866087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Refugee camps in Dadaab, Kenya, currently are receiving Somali refugees fleeing famine and armed conflict at a rate of approximately 1,400 refugees per day. New arrivals are at an elevated risk for mortality because of severe famine in Somalia, the dangerous journey, and overcrowding in the camps. PMID: 21866087 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170312 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147115&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21849963%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that survey, which indicated that overall influenza vaccination coverage among HCP was 63.5% during the 2010--11 influenza season, similar to coverage for the 2009--10 season. Among HCP who reported working at a facility where vaccination was required by their employer, 98.1% were vaccinated. Among HCP without such an employer requirement but who were offered vaccination onsite, greater coverage was associated with a personal reminder from the employer to get vaccinated (69.9%), vaccination availability at no cost (67.9%), and vaccination availability for >1 day (68.8%). Influenza vaccination of HCP is needed to protect patients from HCP-transmitted disease. Maximizing influenza vaccination for all HCP is an important part of any comprehensive infec... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147115 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147114&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21849964%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Women are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality from influenza during pregnancy. Vaccinating pregnant women for influenza can protect both the women and their infants, especially infants aged <6 months who are not old enough to receive influenza vaccination. Since 2004, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have recommended inactivated influenza vaccine for all women who are pregnant during influenza season, regardless of trimester. Before 2009, estimated influenza vaccination coverage among pregnant women had been consistently low (approximately 15%). However, vaccination levels increased substantially in response to the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic to nearly 50%. To estimate ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147114 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147113&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21849965%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract Legionnaires disease (LD), a serious, sometimes lethal pneumonia, and Pontiac fever (PF), an influenza-like, self-limited illness, are the two most common forms of legionellosis, which is caused by Legionella bacteria. Legionellosis cases are reported to CDC through the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS) and a Supplemental Legionnaires Disease Surveillance System (SLDSS) designed to manage surveillance data on travel-related cases and enhance outbreak detection. For this report, cases reported to NNDSS during 2000--2009 from the 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC) were assessed, and crude and age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 persons were calculated. U.S. legionellosis cases reported annually increased 217%, from 1,110 in 2000... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147113 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147112&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21849966%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abstract On March 29, 2011, CDC was notified about a possible transplant-associated hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a liver transplant recipient with no known risk factors for HBV infection. An investigation was begun to learn if other recipients of organs or tissues from the donor had been infected with HBV and to investigate potential sources of the donor's infection. PMID: 21849966 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147112 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136335&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21832975%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes data collected from heterosexuals in 24 MSAs with a high prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) that participated in NHBS during 2006--2007. Of 14,837 heterosexuals aged 18--50 years who were interviewed and tested, 2.0% were HIV infected. HIV prevalence was higher among those with lower socioeconomic status (SES). For example, HIV prevalence was 2.8% among participants with less than a high school education compared with 1.2% among those with more than a high school education, 2.6% among participants who were unemployed compared with 1.0% among those who were employed, and 2.3% among participants with annual household incomes at or below the poverty level compared with 1.0% among those with incomes above the poverty level. This association between H... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136335 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136334&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21832976%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: In August 2010, CDC confirmed a case of rabies in a migrant farm worker, aged 19 years, hospitalized in Louisiana with encephalitis. The man developed acute neurologic symptoms at the end of July, shortly after arriving in the United States from Michoacán, Mexico. Despite supportive care, his condition deteriorated, and he died on August 21. Antemortem diagnostic testing confirmed the diagnosis of rabies, and samples collected at autopsy were positive for a vampire bat rabies virus variant. The patient's mother reported that he had been bitten by a bat in July in Mexico but had not sought medical care. Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) was offered to 27 of the patient's contacts in Louisiana and to 68 health-care workers involved in his care. Although bats have become the prim... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136334 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136333&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21832977%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates GPEI progress in Nigeria during January 2010--June 2011 and describes activities required to interrupt transmission. In Nigeria, confirmed WPV cases decreased 95%, from 388 in 2009 to 21 in 2010; cVDPV2 cases decreased 82%, from 154 in 2009 to 27 in 2010. However, as of July 26, 2011, Nigeria had reported 24 WPV cases (including one WPV/cVDPV2 coinfection) and 11 cVDPV2 cases during January--June 2011, compared with six WPV cases and 10 cVDPV2 cases during January--June 2010. Despite substantial progress, immunization activities and surveillance sensitivity will need to be enhanced further to interrupt WPV transmission in Nigeria by the end of 2011. PMID: 21832977 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136333 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136340&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814163%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes surveillance data reported to CDC in 2010 for WNV and other nationally notifiable arboviruses (excluding dengue, which is reported separately). In 2010, 40 states and the District of Columbia (DC) reported 1,021 cases of WNV disease. Of these, 629 (62%) were classified as WNV neuroinvasive disease, for a national incidence of 0.20 per 100,000 population. States with the highest incidence were Arizona (1.60), New Mexico (1.03), Nebraska (0.55), and Colorado (0.51). After WNV, the next most commonly reported cause of neuroinvasive arboviral disease was California serogroup viruses (CALV), with 68 cases, followed by eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), 10 cases, St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), eight cases, and Powassan virus (POWV), eight cases. WNV and other ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136340 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136340 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136339&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a leading cause of unintentional poisoning deaths in the United States. CO is an odorless, colorless gas that usually remains undetectable until exposure results in injury or death. CO poisoning is preventable; nonetheless, unintentional, non--fire-related CO poisoning is responsible for approximately 15,000 emergency department visits and nearly 500 deaths annually in the United States. National estimates of CO exposures have been based on secondary data sources, such as hospital administrative records, and are limited to exposures treated within the health-care system. To describe more completely the national burden of CO exposure and risk factors associated with vulnerable populations, CDC used data from the National Poison Data System (N... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136339 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136339 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136338&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814165%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes data supporting the extended age indication for MenACWY-CRM and the interchangeability of the two licensed meningococcal conjugate vaccines. PMID: 21814165 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136338 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136338 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136337&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814166%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Most U.S. hospitals have policies and practices that do not conform to international recommendations for best practices in maternity care and interfere with mothers' abilities to breastfeed. Implications for Public Health Practice: Hospitals providing maternity care should adopt evidence-based practices to support breastfeeding. Public health agencies can set quality standards for maternity care and help hospitals achieve Baby-Friendly designation. Because nearly all births in the United States occur in hospitals, improvements in hospital policies and practices could increase rates of exclusive and continued breastfeeding nationwide, contributing to improved child health, including lower rates of obesity. PMID: 21814166 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136337 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136337 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5136336&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814167%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis. PMID: 21814167 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5136336 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5136336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087458&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21796095%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results. In Oregon, 37.7% of mothers reported that their children had received an influenza vaccination during the most recent influenza season. Factors positively associated with recent influenza vaccination in the multivariable-adjusted model were children's influenza vaccination in the previous year, children's receipt of all recommended immunizations, children's uninterrupted health insurance coverage, and mothers' unmarried status. The only factor negatively associated with vaccination was use of a family doctor rather than a pediatrician for well-child visits. The concern about vaccinations most commonly identified by mothers of children who had not received an influenza vaccination during the most recent influenza season (33.9%) was the opinion that too ma... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087458 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087458 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087448&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21796096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is categorized into two types, HIV-1 and HIV-2. Worldwide, most HIV infections are HIV-1, whereas HIV-2 largely has been confined to persons in or from West Africa. HIV-1 and HIV-2 have the same routes of transmission, and both can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); however, HIV-2 infections should be differentiated from HIV-1 infections because they are less likely to cause AIDS and their clinical management differs. CDC's current surveillance case definition for HIV infection applies to both variants of HIV but lacks criteria for differentiating between HIV-1 and HIV-2. To enumerate and describe HIV-2 cases reported in the United States, a working case definition was developed. During 1988--June 2010, a total of 242 HIV-2 ca... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087448 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5087421&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21796097%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the LF elimination program in Togo, one of the 39 LF-endemic countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region. Togo's approach to interrupt LF transmission included screening for infection to identify LF-endemic districts and mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin and albendazole in LF-endemic districts. MDA coverage and the impact of MDAs on the prevalence of infection were monitored throughout the program. In 2000, seven of 35 districts were LF-endemic, with baseline prevalence rates ranging from 1% to 22%. By 2009, MDAs had been conducted at least six times in each LF-endemic district. At that time, the decision was made to stop MDAs because reported drug coverage in LF-endemic districts exceeded 80% and no microfilaremia was detected in person... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5087421 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5087421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037554&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21753743%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates a previous report with the latest TUTD findings. In 2010, the number of onscreen tobacco incidents in youth-rated (G, PG, or PG-13) movies continued a downward trend, decreasing 71.6% from 2,093 incidents in 2005 to 595 in 2010. Similarly, the average number of incidents per youth-rated movie decreased 66.2%, from 20.1 in 2005 to 6.8 in 2010. The degree of decline, however, varied substantially by motion picture company. The three companies with published policies designed to reduce tobacco use in their movies had an average decrease in tobacco incidents of 95.8%, compared with an average decrease of 41.7% among the three major motion picture companies and independents without policies. This finding indicates that an enforceable policy aimed at reducing tobacco use in y... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037554 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037553&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21753744%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that study, which indicated that 90% of those in the study had a pretravel health-care appointment, 57% sought travel advice on the Internet, and 24% used mosquito repellent several times a day; neither pretravel knowledge nor mosquito-avoidance practices were significantly associated with absence of DENV infection. Clinicians should be vigilant for dengue among travelers returning from Haiti and other areas where DENV is endemic or likely to be endemic and should report suspected cases of dengue to public health authorities. PMID: 21753744 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037553 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037552&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21753745%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: In July 2009, local, regional, state, and federal public health officials investigated a cryptosporidiosis outbreak at a youth summer camp in North Carolina. The investigation identified 46 laboratory-confirmed and probable cryptosporidiosis cases at the camp. Analyses of data from a retrospective cohort study of staff members revealed that eating ham from a sandwich bar that included camp-grown raw produce and sharing a cabin with an ill person were significantly associated with illness. Cryptosporidium isolates from stool specimens of livestock and humans at the camp were of the identical Cryptosporidium parvum subtype, IIaA17G2R1, indicating that zoonotic transmission had occurred, and suggesting a link not implicated by traditional epidemiologic methods. This investigati... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037552 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037551&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21753746%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Methyl bromide (MeBr) is a toxic gas used to fumigate agricultural fields and some produce. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) requires MeBr fumigation of grapes imported from Chile to prevent invasion by the Chilean false red mite, Brevipalpus chilensis. In 2010, two workers were exposed intermittently to MeBr over several months as part of their job inspecting produce at a cold-storage facility in Carson, California. Both workers had disabling neurologic symptoms (e.g., ataxia, memory difficulties, and dizziness) and elevated serum bromide concentrations. An environmental investigation revealed the potential for MeBr to accumulate in enclosed areas during the transportation and storage of fumigated grapes. Some MeBr air concentrations measured at a single point in t... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037551 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037559&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21734633%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, from 2003 to 2009, the number of annual deaths in which medical examiner testing showed lethal concentrations of one or more drugs increased 61.0%, from 1,804 to 2,905, and the death rate increased 47.5%, from 10.6 to 15.7 per 100,000 population. During 2003--2009, death rates increased for all substances except cocaine and heroin. The death rate for prescription drugs increased 84.2%, from 7.3 to 13.4 per 100,000 population. The greatest increase was observed in the death rate from oxycodone (264.6%), followed by alprazolam (233.8%) and methadone (79.2%). By 2009, the number of deaths involving prescription drugs was four times the number involving illicit drugs. These findings indicate the need to strengthen intervent... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037559 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037558&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21734634%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes trends in cephalosporin susceptibility among N. gonorrhoeae isolates in the United States during 2000--2010 using data from the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP). During that period, the percentage of isolates with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to cephalosporins (≥0.25 µg/mL for cefixime and ≥0.125 µg/mL for ceftriaxone) increased from 0.2% in 2000 to 1.4% in 2010 for cefixime and from 0.1% in 2000 to 0.3% in 2010 for ceftriaxone. Although cephalosporins remain an effective treatment for gonococcal infections, health-care providers should be vigilant for treatment failure and are requested to report its occurrence to state and local health departments. State and local public health departments should promote maintenance of labor... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037558 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037557&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21734635%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes that assessment and the resulting updated guidance. These updated recommendations state that postpartum women should not use combined hormonal contraceptives during the first 21 days after delivery because of the high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) during this period. During 21--42 days postpartum, women without risk factors for VTE generally can initiate combined hormonal contraceptives, but women with risk factors for VTE (e.g., previous VTE or recent cesarean delivery) generally should not use these methods. After 42 days postpartum, no restrictions on the use of combined hormonal contraceptives based on postpartum status apply. PMID: 21734635 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037557 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037556&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21734636%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: CRC incidence and mortality have declined in recent years throughout the United States, and CRC screening has increased. Implications for Public Health Practice: Continued declines in incidence and mortality are expected as past and current public health emphasis on the importance of CRC screening become evident with the increase in screening. To ensure these gains continue, CRC screening should be accessible and used as recommended by all eligible persons in the United States. PMID: 21734636 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037556 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037555&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21734637%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: In January and April 2011, CDC provided antitoxin for treatment of two persons with toxin type A botulism associated with consumption of potato soup produced by two companies. On January 28, 2011, an Ohio resident, aged 29 years, was hospitalized after 5 days of progressive dizziness, blurred vision, dysphagia, and difficulty breathing. The patient required mechanical ventilation and botulism antitoxin. On January 18, he had tasted potato soup from a bulging plastic container, noted a bad taste, and discarded the remainder. The soup had been purchased on December 7, 2010, from the refrigerated section of a local grocer, but it had been kept unrefrigerated for 42 days. He was hospitalized for 57 days and then was transferred with residual weakness to a rehabilitation facility... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037555 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037563&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21716197%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aircraft crashes are the second leading cause of occupational deaths in Alaska; during the 1990s, a total of 108 fatal aviation crashes resulted in 155 occupational fatalities. To update data and identify risk factors for occupational death from aircraft crashes, CDC reviewed data from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and the Alaska Occupational Injury Surveillance System. During 2000--2010, a total of 90 occupational fatalities occurred as a result of 54 crashes, an average of five fatal aircraft crashes and eight fatalities per year. Among those crashes, 21 (39%) were associated with intended takeoffs or landings at landing sites not registered with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Fifteen crashes (28%) were associated with weather, including poor ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037563 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037562&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21716198%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lead exposure can result in acute or chronic adverse effects in multiple organ systems, ranging from subclinical changes in function to symptomatic, life-threatening toxicity. Despite improvements in public health policies and substantial reductions in blood lead levels (BLLs) in adults, lead exposure remains an important health problem worldwide. Approximately 95% of all elevated BLLs reported among adults in the United States are work-related, and recent research has raised concerns regarding the toxicity of BLLs as low as 5 μg/dL. CDC's state-based Adult Blood Lead Epidemiology and Surveillance (ABLES) program tracks laboratory-reported elevated BLLs. To update rate trends and identify industry subsectors and nonoccupational activities with high lead exposures, CDC colle... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037562 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037561&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21716199%26dopt%3DAbstract This report updates previous surveillance summaries and describes VDPVs detected worldwide during July 2009--March 2011 and reported as of June 20, 2011. Three new outbreaks of circulating VDPVs (cVDPVs), ranging in size from six to 16 cases, were identified in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, and India; three previously identified outbreaks in Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and Somalia continued through late 2010 or into 2011 and resulted in 355, 37, and 13 total cases, respectively; two countries experienced importations of cVDPVs from Nigeria; nine newly identified paralyzed immunodeficient persons in seven middle-income and developing countries were found to excrete VDPVs; and VDPVs were found among persons and environmental samples in 15 countries. With the use of alternate OPV fo... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037561 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037560&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21716200%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: In January 2011, measles was diagnosed in three New Zealand residents recently returned from a 17-day trip to Singapore and the Philippines. On January 11, they had flown on a 7.5-hour flight from Singapore to Brisbane, Australia, remained in a transit lounge for 9.5 hours, and then continued on a 4-hour flight to Auckland, New Zealand. Searches in Australia and New Zealand for secondary cases among passengers on either flight resulted in the identification of three cases among passengers on the Singapore-to-Brisbane flight and five cases among passengers on the Brisbane-to-Auckland flight. PMID: 21716200 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037560 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037566&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21697804%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that effort. Annual progress reports designed to provide data specific to ETI indicated that 2,786,739 HIV tests were conducted, of which 29,503 (1.1%) were positive and 18,432 (0.7%) resulted in new HIV diagnoses. Blacks accounted for 1,411,780 (60%) of tests and 11,638 (70%) of new HIV diagnoses. Clinical settings comprised at least 75% of the 1,331 testing venues and accounted for 90% of all tests and 81% of all new HIV diagnoses. Based on follow-up data available for 16,885 persons with new HIV diagnoses, 12,711 (75.3%) were linked successfully to HIV primary care. Through expanded HIV testing activities, substantial numbers of persons previously unaware of their HIV infection were identified and linked to care. Health departments should continue to... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037566 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037565&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21697805%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Since 2006, CDC has recommended routine, opt-out human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening for patients in health-care settings with a prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection of ≥0.1%. Before September 2007, the Washington State Department of Corrections (WADOC) only provided HIV testing to inmates on request. In September 2007, WADOC began routine HIV opt-in screening in which inmates were notified that HIV screening would be performed during the prison intake medical evaluation if they consented. In March 2010, WADOC switched to a routine opt-out HIV screening model in which inmates are notified that HIV screening will be performed unless they decline. To assess the proportion of inmates screened and the number of infections diagnosed during the use of the three HIV t... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037565 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037564&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21697806%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Worldwide, a child born in 1955 had an average life expectancy at birth of only 48 years. By 2000, the average life expectancy at birth had increased to 66 years and, if past trends continue, is projected to rise to 73 years by 2025. These improvements in longevity have resulted from improved living conditions overall, advances in medical science, and a number of population-level interventions. However, major disparities persist. During the past decade, in low-income countries, average life expectancy at birth increased from 55 to 57 years (3.6%), while increasing from 78 to 80 years (2.6%) in high-income countries. Analogous to the recent MMWR report highlighting 10 public health achievements that occurred in the United States over the first 10 years of the new century, thi... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037564 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945360&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21681173%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that among students nationwide in grades 9--12, 15.3% met the aerobic objective, 51.0% met the muscle-strengthening objective, and 12.2% met the objective for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities. To improve youth physical activity participation, efforts are needed among CDC, state and local public health agencies, schools, and other public health partners that promote physical activity. PMID: 21681173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945360 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945359&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21681174%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Milk and 100% fruit juice are a source of water and provide key nutrients such as calcium and vitamin C (1). Other beverages, referred to as sugar drinks or sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), also are a source of water but have poor nutritional value. SSBs are the largest source of added sugars in the diet of U.S. youths, and the increased caloric intake resulting from these beverages is one factor contributing to the prevalence of obesity among adolescents in the United States (2,3). To determine the extent to which U.S. adolescents consume different types of beverages and variations in consumption by sex and race/ethnicity, CDC analyzed data from the 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (NYPANS). NYPANS included a school-based survey conducted by CDC th... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945359 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945358&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21681175%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, for adults overall, a doctor's office was the most common place (39.8%) for receipt of the 2010--11 influenza vaccine, with stores (e.g., supermarkets or drug stores) (18.4%) and workplaces (17.4%) the next most common. For those aged 18--49 years and 50--64 years, a workplace was the second most common place of vaccination (25.7% and 21.1%, respectively). Persons aged ≥65 years who were not vaccinated at a doctor's office were most likely (24.3%) to have been vaccinated at a store. The results indicate that both medical and nonmedical settings are common places for adults to receive influenza vaccinations, that a doctor's office is the most important medical setting, and that workplaces and stores are important nonme... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945358 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945357&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21681176%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: On April 25, 2011, the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention was notified of a suspected case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in a man aged 70 years with no recent out-of-state travel. The Maine resident went to a community hospital in early April with a 5-day history of fatigue, decreased appetite, weakness, chills, myalgias, and progressive shortness of breath. On examination, he was hypoxic and tachypneic. The patient was admitted with laboratory evidence of acute renal insufficiency, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia, and appearance of diffuse bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph. Two days later, he was transferred to a tertiary-care facility for management of respiratory failure with hypoxemia and worsening renal insufficiency. The next day, he was... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945357 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945365&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21659980%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that investigation, which found that, based on 3,339 cases documented in the 2008 National Electronic Surveillance System All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) database, an estimated 234,094 nonfatal bathroom injuries were treated in U.S. EDs. Injury rates increased with age, and most injuries (81.1%) were caused by falls. All persons, but especially older adults, should be aware of bathroom activities that are associated with a high risk for injury and of environmental modifications that might reduce that risk. PMID: 21659980 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945365 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945364&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21659981%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of a web-based survey distributed to uveitis, retinal, and pediatric ophthalmology specialists nationwide to collect epidemiologic, demographic, and clinical information on patients with OT. A total of 68 patients were newly diagnosed with OT from September 2009 through September 2010. Among the 44 patients for whom demographic information was available, the median patient age was 8.5 years (range: 1--60 years), and 25 patients (57%) lived in the South at the time of diagnosis. Among 30 patients with reported clinical data, the most common symptom was vision loss, reported by 25 (83%) patients; of these, 17 (68%) suffered permanent vision loss. The results of this first national level survey demonstrate that OT transmission continues to occur in the United... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945364 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945363&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21659982%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: The 2010--11 influenza season was unusual because it followed the 2009 influenza A pandemic (H1N1) season and it was the first season the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended influenza vaccination of all persons aged ≥6 months (1). The season also was notable because a record number of seasonal influenza vaccine doses (approximately 163 million) were distributed in the United States (2). To provide preliminary state-specific influenza vaccination coverage estimates, CDC analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for adults aged ≥18 years and National Immunization Survey (NIS) data for children aged 6 months--17 years collected September 2010 through March 2011. By February 28, the preliminary national vaccination coverage ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945363 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945362&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21659983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Transmission of dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), a waterborne, parasitic disease targeted for eradication, was thought to have been interrupted in Chad since 2000, when the last case was reported. However, in 2010, 10 cases were confirmed by the Chad Ministry of Public Health (Minist�re de la Sant� Publique [MSP]) and the World Health Organization (WHO) during field investigations in which rumored cases were investigated and nearby villages were actively searched for additional cases. Because patients were not prevented from contaminating water sources, new cases were expected in 2011. During January--February 2011, MSP, WHO, and CDC conducted an investigation to gather additional information to guide prevention and response activities before the 2011 transmission s... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945362 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4945361&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21659984%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The incidence of STEC O157 infection has declined to reach the 2010 national health objective target of ≥1 case per 100,000. This success, as well as marked declines since 1996--1998 in overall incidence of six key foodborne infections, demonstrates the feasibility of preventing foodborne illnesses. Implications for Public Health Practice: Salmonella infection should be targeted because it has not declined significantly in more than a decade, and other data indicate that it is one of the most common foodborne infections, resulting in an estimated $365 million in direct medical costs annually. The prevention measures that reduced STEC O157 infection need to be applied more broadly to reduce Salmonella and other infections. Effective measures from farm to table include prevent... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4945361 Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4945361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894288&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21637182%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, in the first 14 years, sharp increases were reported in the number of new AIDS diagnoses and deaths among persons aged ≥13 years, reaching highs of 75,457 in 1992 and 50,628 in 1995, respectively. With introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, AIDS diagnoses and deaths declined substantially from 1995 to 1998 and remained stable from 1999 to 2008 at an average of 38,279 AIDS diagnoses and 17,489 deaths per year, respectively. Despite the decline in AIDS cases and deaths, at the end of 2008 an estimated 1,178,350 persons were living with HIV, including 236,400 (20.1%) whose infection was undiagnosed. These findings underscore the importance of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy focus on reducing HIV risk be... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894288 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894287&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21637183%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, of 7,271 MSM interviewed and tested who did not report a previous positive HIV test, 61% had been tested for HIV infection during the past 12 months; among these, 7% had a new, positive HIV test result when tested as part of NHBS. Given the high prevalence of new HIV infection among MSM who had been tested during the past year, sexually active MSM might benefit from more frequent HIV testing (e.g., every 3 to 6 months). PMID: 21637183 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894287 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894286&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21637184%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes data from school assessment surveys submitted to CDC by 48 federal immunization program grantees (including 47 states and the District of Columbia) for the 2009--10 school year to describe vaccination coverage and exemption rates (2). For that period, 17 grantees reported coverage of ?95% for four vaccines (poliovirus, DTP/DTaP/DT, MMR, and HepB) and four grantees reported coverage of ≥95% for 2 doses of varicella vaccine. Total exemption rates, including medical, religious, and philosophical exemptions, ranged from <1% to 6.2% across grantees, and 15 grantees reported exemption rates <1%. Survey methods for vaccination coverage and exemption rates varied among grantees, making comparisons difficult and limiting the use of school assessment surveys to report ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894286 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894285&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21637185%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes influenza activity in the United States during the 2010--11 influenza season (October 3, 2010--May 21, 2011) and describes the components of the 2011--12 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine. PMID: 21637185 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894285 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894285 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894294&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617629%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: The World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) requires health warnings on tobacco product packages sold in countries that ratified the WHO FCTC treaty (1). These warnings are expected to 1) describe the harmful effects of tobacco use; 2) be approved by the appropriate national authority; 3) appear on at least 30%, and ideally 50% or more, of the package's principal display areas; 4) be large, clear, visible, and legible in the country's principal language(s); 5) have multiple, rotating messages; and 6) preferably use pictures or pictograms. To assess the effects of cigarette package health warnings on interest in quitting smoking among smokers of manufactured cigarettes aged ≥15 years, this report examines 2008--2010 data from the Globa... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894294 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894293&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617630%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen belonging to the California serogroup of bunyaviruses. Although JCV is widely distributed throughout temperate North America, reports of human JCV infection in the United States are rare. This is the first report of human JCV infection detected in Montana, one of only 15 cases reported in the United States since 2004, when JCV became reportable. On May 26, 2009, a man aged 51 years with no travel history outside of Montana went to a local emergency department immediately following onset of fever, severe frontal headache, dizziness, left-sided numbness, and tingling. His blood pressure was elevated. Stroke was ruled out, oxygen was administered, medication was prescribed for hypertension, and the patient was s... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894293 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894292&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617631%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, approximately two thirds (64.3%) of U.S. adults met minimum physical activity guidelines through nonoccupational physical activity. When occupational physical activity (defined as reported work activity of mostly walking or heavy labor) was considered, an additional 6.5% of adults likely met the guidelines. The increase was greatest for Hispanic men (14.4%) and men with less than a high school education (15.9%). Public health agencies conducting surveillance of population physical activity levels also should consider including occupational physical activity, which will help to identify demographic groups for targeted programs that increase physical activity. PMID: 21617631 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894292 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894291&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617632%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes new data on the persistence of neutralizing antibodies following primary vaccination with JE-VC and the safety and immunogenicity of a booster dose of JE-VC. The report also provides updated guidance to health-care personnel regarding use of a booster dose of JE-VC for U.S. travelers and laboratory personnel. ACIP recommends that if the primary series of JE-VC was administered >1 year previously, a booster dose may be given before potential JE virus exposure. PMID: 21617632 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894291 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894290&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617633%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Inactivated mouse brain--derived Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine (JE-MB [manufactured as JE-Vax]), the only JE vaccine that is licensed for use in children in the United States, is no longer available. This notice provides updated information regarding options for obtaining JE vaccine for U.S. children. PMID: 21617633 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894290 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4894289&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21617634%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Measles is a highly contagious, acute viral illness that can lead to serious complications and death. Endemic or sustained measles transmission has not occurred in the United States since the late 1990s, despite continued importations (1). During 2001--2008, a median of 56 (range: 37--140) measles cases were reported to CDC annually (2); during the first 19 weeks of 2011, 118 cases of measles were reported, the highest number reported for this period since 1996. Of the 118 cases, 105 (89%) were associated with importation from other countries, including 46 importations (34 among U.S. residents traveling abroad and 12 among foreign visitors). Among those 46 cases, 40 (87%) were importations from the World Health Organization (WHO) European and South-East Asia regions. Of the ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4894289 Thu, 26 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4894289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850440&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Acute otitis externa (AOE) (swimmer's ear) is inflammation of the external auditory canal most often caused by bacterial infection. AOE is characterized by pain, tenderness, redness, and swelling of the external ear canal, and occasionally, purulent exudate. AOE is associated with water exposure (e.g., recreational water activities, bathing, and excessive sweating) and warm, humid environments (1--5). Because the overall burden and epidemiology of AOE in the United States have not been well described, data from national ambulatory-care and emergency department (ED) databases were analyzed to characterize the incidence, demographics, and seasonality of AOE and associated health-care costs. The analysis showed that in 2007, an estimated 2.4 million U.S. health-care visits (8.1... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850440 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850439&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597453%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that eye-care cost or lack of insurance (39.8%) and perception of no need (34.6%) were the most common reasons given for not seeking eye care. Among those aged 40--64 years, cost or lack of health insurance was the most common reason (42.8%); among those aged ≥65 years, the most common reason was no need (43.8%). Identifying the reasons for unmet eye-care needs might enable development of targeted interventions to improve vision health among those with moderate-to-severe visual impairment. PMID: 21597453 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850439 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850438&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597454%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicted that, overall, arthritis affected 35.6% of adults with obesity. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education level, adults with obesity and arthritis were 44% more likely to be physically inactive compared with persons with obesity but without arthritis. Among states, the median prevalence of arthritis among adults with obesity was 35.6%. In every state/area except Guam, the prevalence of physical inactivity among adults with obesity was at least 5 percentage points higher (range: 5.4--15.9 percentage points) among persons with arthritis than those without arthritis. Arthritis might be a special barrier to increasing physical activity among many adults with obesity. Safe and effective self-management educatio... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850438 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850437&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597455%26dopt%3DAbstract This report assesses advances in public health during the first 10 years of the 21st century. Public health scientists at CDC were asked to nominate noteworthy public health achievements that occurred in the United States during 2001--2010. From those nominations, 10 achievements, not ranked in any order, have been summarized in this report. PMID: 21597455 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850437 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850436&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597456%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the subsequent investigation, which identified 35 persons who had ingested, inhaled, or injected "bath salts" and visited a Michigan ED during November 13, 2010--March 31, 2011. Among the 35 patients, the most common signs and symptoms of toxicity were agitation (23 patients [66%]), tachycardia (22 [63%]), and delusions/hallucinations (14 [40%]). Seventeen patients were hospitalized, and one was dead upon arrival at the ED. The coordinated efforts of public health agencies, health-care providers, poison control centers, and law enforcement agencies enabled rapid identification of this emerging health problem. Mitigation of the problem required the execution of an emergency public health order to remove the toxic "bath salts" from the marketplace. Lessons from the Mic... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850436 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850435&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21597457%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: CDC is collaborating with state and local public health departments in an ongoing investigation of human Salmonella Typhimurium infections associated with African dwarf frogs (ADFs) (1). ADFs are aquatic frogs of the genus Hymenochirus commonly kept in home aquariums as pets. From April 1, 2009 to May 10, 2011, a total of 224 human infections with a unique strain of S. Typhimurium were reported from 42 states. The isolates are indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis. This outbreak likely includes considerably more than the 224 laboratory-confirmed cases reported to CDC; only an estimated 3% of Salmonella infections are laboratory confirmed and reported to surveillance systems (2). Surveillance for additi... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850435 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850444&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21566557%26dopt%3DAbstract This report presents statistics on firearm homicides and firearm suicides for major metropolitan areas and cities, with an emphasis on youths aged 10--19 years in recognition of the importance of early prevention efforts. It integrates analyses conducted by CDC in response to requests for detailed information, arising from a heightened focus on urban violence by the media, the public, and policymakers over the past year. Firearm homicides and suicides and annual rates were tabulated for the 50 largest U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) and their central cities for 2006--2007, using data from the National Vital Statistics System and the U.S. Census Bureau. Firearm homicide rates in approximately two thirds of the MSAs exceeded the national rate, and 86% of cities had rates higher th... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850444 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850443&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21566558%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the laboratory and epidemiologic findings associated with this reduced susceptibility to azithromycin. In San Diego County, clinicians treating cephalosporin-allergic patients with a 2 g dose of azithromycin for uncomplicated gonorrhea are advised to obtain tests of cure 3 weeks after treatment and to recommend sexual abstinence until a negative test result for gonorrhea is achieved. Continued surveillance for antibiotic resistance and effective control efforts are critical for gonorrhea prevention. PMID: 21566558 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850443 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850442&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21566559%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) was launched in 1988. By 2006, transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus (WPV) was interrupted in all but four countries (Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Nigeria). Subsequently, 39 previously polio-free countries experienced outbreaks following importation of WPV, and transmission became reestablished in Angola, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Sudan. This update summarizes progress toward polio eradication during 2010 and the first quarter of 2011. Worldwide, 1,291 WPV cases were reported in 2010, a 19% decrease from 2009; WPV type 3 (WPV3) cases decreased 92%, but WPV type 1 (WPV1) cases increased 145%. During 2010, 232 (18%) WPV cases were reported from the four polio-endemic countries; 159 (12%) cases wer... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850442 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4850441&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21566560%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: The Summary of Notifiable Diseases--- United States, 2009 contains the official statistics, in tabular and graphic form, for the reported occurrence of nationally notifiable infectious diseases in the United States for 2009. Unless otherwise noted, the data are final totals for 2009 reported as of June 30, 2010. These statistics are collected and compiled from reports sent by state health departments and territories to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), which is operated by CDC in collaboration with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE). The Summary is available at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/summary.html. This site also includes Summary publications from previous years. PMID: 21566560 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb ... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4850441 Thu, 12 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4850441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4795610&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21544042%26dopt%3DAbstract This report describes results of both efforts, which revealed continued increases in rates of newly reported HCV infection among persons aged 15--24 years. These cases were reported from all areas of the state, occurred predominantly among non-Hispanic white persons, and were equally distributed among males and females. Of cases with available risk data, injection drug use (IDU) was the most common risk factor for HCV transmission. The increase in case reports appears to represent an epidemic of HCV infection related to IDU among new populations of adolescents and young adults in Massachusetts. The findings indicate the need for enhanced surveillance of HCV infection and intensified hepatitis C prevention efforts targeting adolescents and young adults. PMID: 21544042 [PubMed - in proce... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4795610 Thu, 05 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4795610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4795609&cid=s_28386_54_f&fid=28386&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21544043%26dopt%3DAbstract This report characterizes events leading to GMW fatalities and differences in fatality characteristics across demographic groups among GMWs, based on an evaluation of 2003--2008 data from the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) program. The report also identifies workplace interventions that might reduce the incidence of fatal injuries. Major events leading to GMW occupational fatalities included transportation incidents (31%), contact with objects and equipment (25%), falls (23%), and traumatic acute exposures to harmful substances or environments (e.g., electrocution and drowning) (16%). To reduce the incidence of such fatalities, employers, trade and worker associations, and policy makers should focus on effective, tar... MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4795609 Thu, 05 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4795609