MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Mass Spectrometry Reviews' source. Thu, 18 Mar 2010 16:26:20 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3362717&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20222147%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harvey DJ This review is the fourth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2006. The review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, method developments, and applications of the technique to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, glycolipids from bacteria, glycosides, and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing, a section on in... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3362717 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3362717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3336166&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20201110%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beverly MB RNA interference (RNAi) has quickly become a well-established laboratory tool for regulating gene expression and is currently being explored for its therapeutic potential. The design and use of double-stranded RNA oligonucleotides as therapeutics to trigger the RNAi mechanism and a greater effort to understand the RNAi pathway itself is driving the development of analytical techniques that can characterize these oligonucleotides. Electrospray (ESI) and MALDI have been used routinely to analyze oligonucleotides and their ability to provide mass and sequence information has made them ideal for this application. Reviewed here is the work done to date on the use of ESI and MALDI for the study of RNAi oligonucleotides as well as the strategies and issues associated with ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3336166 Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3336166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3291378&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20169623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Kampen JJ, Burgers PC, de Groot R, Gruters RA, Luider TM Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an emerging analytical tool for the analysis of molecules with molar masses below 1,000 Da; that is, small molecules. This technique offers rapid analysis, high sensitivity, low sample consumption, a relative high tolerance towards salts and buffers, and the possibility to store sample on the target plate. The successful application of the technique is, however, hampered by low molecular weight (LMW) matrix-derived interference signals and by poor reproducibility of signal intensities during quantitative analyses. In this review, we focus on the biomedical application of MALDI-MS for the analysis of small molecules and discuss its favorable... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3291378 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3291378 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3244815&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20131359%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 20131359 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3244815 Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3244815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3179139&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20077559%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fletcher JS, Lockyer NP, Vickerman JC In principle mass spectral imaging has enormous potential for discovery applications in biology. The chemical specificity of mass spectrometry combined with spatial analysis capabilities of liquid metal cluster beams and the high yields of polyatomic ion beams should present unprecedented ability to spatially locate molecular chemistry in the 100 nm range. However, although metal cluster ion beams have greatly increased yields in the m/z range up to 1000, they still have to be operated under the static limit and even in most favorable cases maximum yields for molecular species from 1 microm pixels are frequently below 20 counts. However, some very impressive molecular imaging analysis has been accomplished under these conditions. Neverthel... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3179139 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3179139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3179140&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20077480%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Patwa T, Li C, Simeone DM, Lubman DM Protein glycosylation plays an important role in a multitude of biological processes such as cell-cell recognition, growth, differentiation, and cell death. It has been shown that specific glycosylation changes are key in disease progression and can have diagnostic value for a variety of disease types such as cancer and inflammation. The complexity of carbohydrate structures and their derivatives makes their study a real challenge. Improving the isolation, separation, and characterization of carbohydrates and their glycoproteins is a subject of increasing scientific interest. With the development of new stationary phases and molecules that have affinity properties for glycoproteins, the isolation and separation of these compounds have advan... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3179140 Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3179140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3075362&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19998353%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19998353 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3075362 Tue, 08 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3075362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968172&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19890938%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Patterson AD, Lanz C, Gonzalez FJ, Idle JR Radiation metabolomics can be defined as the global profiling of biological fluids to uncover latent, endogenous small molecules whose concentrations change in a dose-response manner following exposure to ionizing radiation. In response to the potential threat of nuclear or radiological terrorism, the Center for High-Throughput Minimally Invasive Radiation Biodosimetry was established to develop field-deployable biodosimeters based, in part, on rapid analysis by mass spectrometry of readily and easily obtainable biofluids. In this review, we briefly summarize radiation biology and key events related to actual and potential nuclear disasters, discuss the important contributions the field of mass spectrometry has made to the field of ra... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968172 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2968172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968171&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19890945%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Takahashi N PMID: 19890945 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968171 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2968171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968170&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19890977%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schug KA, Serrano C, Fryčák P This review discusses recent emerging techniques that have been used to couple flow-injection analysis (FIA) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the quantitation of noncovalent binding interactions. Focus is placed predominantly on two such methods. Diffusion-based measurements, developed by Konermann and co-workers, uses controlled-band dispersion prior to ESI-MS to determine diffusion constants and binding constants based on the temporal variation of ligand signal measured in the mass spectrum (an indirect technique). Dynamic titration, developed by Schug and co-workers, is a direct method, where a temporal compositional gradient of a guest molecule is induced in the presence of host in solution to monitor the c... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968170 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2968170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2968169&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19890978%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Headley JV, Du JL, Peru KM, McMartin DW This review of mass spectrometry of sulfonylurea herbicides includes a focus on studies relevant to Canadian Prairie waters. Emphasis is given to data gaps in the literature for the rates of photolysis of selected sulfonylurea herbicides in different water matrices. Specifically, results are evaluated for positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography separation for the study of the photolysis of chlorsulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, and ethametsulfuron-methyl. LC-MS/MS is shown to be the method of choice for the quantification of sulfonylurea herbicides with instrumental detection limits ranging from 1.3 to 7.2 pg (on-column). Tandem mass spectrometry coupled with the... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2968169 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2968169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948523&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19877268%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Laeter J There are several basic characteristics of mass spectrometry that are not always fully appreciated by the science community. These characteristics include the distinction between relative and absolute isotope abundances, and the influence of isotope fractionation on the accuracy of isotopic measurements. These characteristics can be illustrated in the field of nuclear physics with reference to the measurement of nuclear parameters, which involve the use of enriched isotopes, and to test models of s-, r-, and p-process nucleosynthesis. The power of isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) to measure trace elements in primitive meteorites to produce accurate Solar System abundances has been essential to the development of nuclear astrophysics. The variety of mass sp... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948523 Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2759246&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19722247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang D, Li QX This review summarized the applications of mass spectrometric techniques for the analysis of the important flame retardants polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) to understand the environmental sources, fate and toxicity of PBDEs that were briefly discussed to give a general idea for the need of analytical methodologies. Specific performance of various mass spectrometers hyphenated with, for example, gas chromatograph, liquid chromatograph, and inductively coupled plasma (GC/MS, LC/MS, and ICP/MS, respectively) for the analysis of PBDEs was compared with an objective to present the information on the evolution of MS techniques for determining PBDEs in environmental and human samples. GC/electron capture negative ionization quadrupole MS (GC/NCI qMS), GC/high res... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2759246 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2759246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2759245&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19722249%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the numerous ways in which inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has been used for the analysis of environmental samples since it was commercially introduced in 1983. Its multielemental isotopic capability, high sensitivity and wide linear dynamic range makes it ideally suited for environmental analysis. Provided that some care is taken during sample preparation and that appropriate calibration strategies are used to circumvent non-spectroscopic interferences, the technique is readily applicable to the analysis of a wide variety of environmental samples (natural waters, soils, rocks, sediments, vegetation, etc.), using quadrupole, time-of-flight or double-focusing sector-field mass spectrometers. In cases where spectroscopic interferences arising from the sample... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2759245 Sun, 30 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2759245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2742135&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19708013%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boyd B, Bohme D PMID: 19708013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2742135 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2742135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2742134&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19708014%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19708014 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2742134 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2742134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2742133&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19708015%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kushnir MM, Rockwood AL, Bergquist J Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been recognized as a primary methodology for the accurate analysis of endogenous steroid hormones in biological samples. This review focuses on the use of LC-MS/MS in clinical laboratories to assist with the diagnosis of diverse groups of endocrine and metabolic diseases. Described analytical methods use on-line and off-line sample preparation and analytical derivatization to enhance analytical sensitivity, specificity, and clinical utility. Advantages of LC-MS/MS as an analytical technique include high specificity, possibility to simultaneously measure multiple analytes, and the ability to assess the specificity of the analysis in every sample. All described analytical methods w... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2742133 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2742133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2698050&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19672939%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reiner EJ The analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other related compounds requires complex sample preparation and analytical procedures using highly sensitive and selective state-of-the-art instrumentation to meet very stringent data quality objectives. The analytical procedures (extraction, sample preparation), instrumentation (chromatographic separation and detection by mass spectrometry) and screening techniques for the determination of dioxins, furans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls and related compounds with a focus on new approaches and alternate techniques to standard regulatory methods are reviewed. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 19672939 [PubMed - as supplied by ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2698050 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2698050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2698049&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19672951%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Konermann L, Stocks BB, Pan Y, Tong X This review discusses various mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches for exploring structural aspects of proteins in solution. Electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS, in particular, has found fascinating applications in this area. For example, when used in conjunction with solution-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX), ESI-MS is a highly sensitive tool for probing conformational dynamics. The main focus of this article is a technique that is complementary to HDX, that is, the covalent labeling of proteins by hydroxyl radicals. The reactivity of individual amino acid side chains with (.)OH is strongly affected by their degree of solvent exposure. Thus, analysis of the oxidative labeling pattern by peptide mapping and tandem mass spectrometry ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2698049 Mon, 10 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2698049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2640173&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19626583%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Covey TR, Thomson BA, Schneider BB This review of atmospheric pressure ion sources discusses major developments that have occurred since 1991. Advances in the instrumentation and understanding of the key physical principles are the primary focus. Developments with electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and variations encompassing adaptations for surface analysis, ambient air analysis, high throughput, and modification of the ionization mechanism are covered. An important and limiting consequence of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, chemical noise, is discussed as is techniques being employed to ameliorate the problem. Ion transfer and transport from atmospheric pressure into deep vacuum is an area undergoing constant improvement and refinement so is ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2640173 Tue, 21 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2640173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2615540&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19609886%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Müthing J, Distler U Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), composed of a hydrophilic carbohydrate chain and a lipophilic ceramide anchor, play pivotal roles in countless biological processes, including infectious diseases and the development of cancer. Knowledge of the number and sequence of monosaccharides and their anomeric configuration and linkage type, which make up the principal items of the glyco code of biologically active carbohydrate chains, is essential for exploring the function of GSLs. As part of the investigation of the vertebrate glycome, GSL analysis is undergoing rapid expansion owing to the application of novel biochemical and biophysical technologies. Mass spectrometry (MS) takes part in the network of collaborations to further unravel structural and functional a... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2615540 Wed, 15 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2615540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2602912&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19598206%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu X, Wen F, Yang J, Chen L, Wei YQ The brain is unquestionably the most fascinating organ, and the hippocampus is crucial in memory storage and retrieval and plays an important role in stress response. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the seizure origin typically involves the hippocampal formation. Despite tremendous progress, current knowledge falls short of being able to explain its function. An emerging approach toward an improved understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms that underlie functions of the brain and hippocampus is neuroproteomics. Mass spectrometry has been widely used to analyze biological samples, and has evolved into an indispensable tool for proteomics research. In this review, we present a general overview of the application of mass spectrometry ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2602912 Sun, 12 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2602912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2602911&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19598224%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang L For many decades the accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios has remained a very strong interest to many researchers due to its important applications in earth, environmental, biological, archeological, and medical sciences. Traditionally, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has been the technique of choice for achieving the highest accuracy and precision. However, recent developments in multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) have brought a new dimension to this field. In addition to its simple and robust sample introduction, high sample throughput, and high mass resolution, the flat-topped peaks generated by this technique provide for accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios with precision reaching 0.00... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2602911 Sun, 12 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2602911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549031&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19557838%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Becker JS, Zoriy M, Matusch A, Wu B, Salber D, Palm C, Becker JS The distribution analysis of (essential, beneficial, or toxic) metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, and others), metalloids, and non-metals in biological tissues is of key interest in life science. Over the past few years, the development and application of several imaging mass spectrometric techniques has been rapidly growing in biology and medicine. Especially, in brain research metalloproteins are in the focus of targeted therapy approaches of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, or stroke, or tumor growth. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) using double-focusing sector field (LA-ICP-SFMS) or quadrupole-based mass spectrometers (LA-ICP-QMS) has b... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549031 Wed, 24 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549031 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549030&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19557839%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cubbon S, Antonio C, Wilson J, Thomas-Oates J Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), although not a new technique, has enjoyed a recent renaissance with the introduction of robust and reproducible stationary phases. It is consequently finding application in metabolomics studies, which have traditionally relied on the stability of reversed phases (RPs), since the biofluids analyzed are predominantly aqueous and thus contain many polar analytes. HILIC's retention of those polar compounds and use of solvents readily compatible with mass spectrometry have seen its increasing adoption in studies of complex aqueous metabolomes. This review describes the stationary phases and their features, surveys HILIC-LC-MS's role in metabolomics experiments, discusses approaches ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549030 Wed, 24 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549034&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19551693%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boulyga SF The variations in the isotopic composition of calcium caused by fractionation in heterogeneous systems and by nuclear reactions can provide insight into numerous biological, geological, and cosmic processes, and therefore isotopic analysis finds a wide spectrum of applications in cosmo- and geochemistry, paleoclimatic, nutritional, and biomedical studies. The measurement of calcium isotopic abundances in natural samples has challenged the analysts for more than three decades. Practically all Ca isotopes suffer from significant isobaric interferences, whereas low-abundant isotopes can be particularly affected by neighboring major isotopes. The extent of natural variations of stable isotopes appears to be relatively limited, and highly precise techniques are required ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549034 Mon, 22 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549033&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19551695%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kebarle P, Verkerk UH There is an advantage for users of electrospray and nanospray mass spectrometry to have an understanding of the processes involved in the conversion of the ions present in the solution to ions in the gas phase. The following processes are considered: Creation of charge droplets at the capillary tip; Electrical potentials required and possibility of gas discharges; Evolution of charged droplets, due to solvent evaporation and Coulomb explosions, to very small droplets that are the precursors of the gas phase ions; Production of gas phase ions from these droplets via the Ion Evaporation and Charge residue models; Analytical uses of ESIMS of small ions, qualitative and quantitative analysis; Effects of the ESI mechanism on the analysis of proteins and protei... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549033 Mon, 22 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549032&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19551806%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19551806 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549032 Mon, 22 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549035&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19548303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bohme D, Boyd B PMID: 19548303 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549035 Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2549035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472069&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19514079%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sikanen T, Franssila S, Kauppila TJ, Kostiainen R, Kotiaho T, Ketola RA Microfabrication of analytical devices is currently of growing interest and many microfabricated instruments have also entered the field of mass spectrometry (MS). Various (atmospheric pressure) ion sources as well as mass analyzers have been developed exploiting microfabrication techniques. The most common approach thus far has been the miniaturization of the electrospray ion source and its integration with various separation and sampling units. Other ionization techniques, mainly atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and photoionization, have also been subject to miniaturization, though they have not attracted as much attention. Likewise, all common types of mass analyzers have been realized by microf... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472069 Tue, 09 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472144&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19492304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Douglas DJ The use of linear quadrupoles in mass spectrometry as mass filters and ion guides is reviewed. Following a tutorial review of the principles of mass filter operation, methods of mass analysis are reviewed. Discussed are extensions of quadrupole mass filters to higher masses, scanning with frequency sweeps of the quadrupole waveform, operation in higher stability regions, and operation with rectangular or other periodic waveforms. Two relatively new methods of mass analysis the use of "islands of stability" and "mass selective axial ejection" are then reviewed. The optimal electrode geometry for a quadrupole mass filter constructed with round rods is discussed. The use of collisional cooling in quadrupole ion guides is discussed along with ion guides that have axial ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472144 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472127&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19492311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang M, Feng WY, Zhao YL, Chai ZF In the post-genomics era, proteomics has become a central branch in life sciences. An understanding of biological functions will not only rely on protein identification, but also on protein quantification in a living organism. Most of the existing methods for quantitative proteomics are based on isotope labeling combined with molecular mass spectrometry. Recently, a remarkable progress that utilizes inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as an attractive complement to electrospray MS and MALDI MS for protein quantification, especially for absolute quantification, has been achieved. This review will selectively discuss the recent advances of ICP-MS-based technique, which will be expected to further mature and to become one of the... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472127 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472126&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19492348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: March RE The extraordinary story of the three-dimensional radiofrequency quadrupole ion trap, accompanied by a seemingly unintelligible theoretical treatment, is told in some detail because of the quite considerable degree of commercial success that quadrupole technology has achieved. The quadrupole ion trap, often used in conjunction with a quadrupole mass filter, remained a laboratory curiosity until 1979 when, at the American Society for Mass Spectrometry Conference in Seattle, George Stafford, Jr., of Finnigan Corp., learned of the Masters' study of Allison Armitage of a combined quadrupole ion trap/quadrupole mass filter instrument for the observation of electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectra of simple compounds eluting from a gas chromatograph. Stafford dev... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472126 Tue, 02 Jun 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472170&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19479726%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the development of nanoelectrospray emitters, including factors such as geometry and the manner of applying voltage. Designs for emitters that take advantage of multielectrospray are emphasized. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 19479726 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472170 Thu, 28 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472185&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19449334%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahoney CM Cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry (cluster SIMS) has played a critical role in the characterization of polymeric materials over the last decade, allowing for the ability to obtain spatially resolved surface and in-depth molecular information from many polymer systems. With the advent of new molecular sources such as ${\rm C}_{60}; +$, ${\rm Au}_3; +$, ${\rm SF}_5; +$, and ${\rm Bi}_3; +$, there are considerable increases in secondary ion signal as compared to more conventional atomic beams (Ar(+), Cs(+), or Ga(+)). In addition, compositional depth profiling in organic and polymeric systems is now feasible, without the rapid signal decay that is typically observed under atomic bombardment. The premise behind the success of cluster SIMS is that compared to atomi... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472185 Fri, 15 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472224&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19437489%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Møller M, Lund-Andersen C, Rovsing L, Sparre T, Bache N, Roepstorff P, Vorum H The photoneuroendocrine circadian system of the brain consists of (a) specialized photoreceptors in the retina, (b) a circadian generator located in the forebrain that contains "clock genes," (c) specialized nuclei in the forebrain involved in neuroendocrine secretion, and (d) the pineal gland. The circadian generator is a nucleus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The neurons of this nucleus contain "clock genes," the transcription of which exhibits a circadian rhythm. Most circadian rhythms are generated by the neurons of this nucleus and, via neuronal and humoral connections, the SCN controls circadian activity of the brain and peripheral tissues. The endogenous oscillator of the SCN... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472224 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472201&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19437493%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the research relevant to the development of analytical techniques for the in vivo determination of dynamic variation in the concentration levels of metal ions in a living animal. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 19437493 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472201 Tue, 12 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472267&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19431185%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19431185 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472267 Fri, 08 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472299&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19391098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hopkinson AC Amino acid and peptide radical cations, M(.+), are formed by oxidative dissociations of [Cu(auxiliary ligand)(M)](.2+) and [Metal(III)(salen)(M)](+) complexes. The most easily formed radicals contain either an aromatic or basic amino acid residue. Aromatic amino acids have low ionization energies, are easily oxidized and delocalize the charge and spin over the ring systems; basic amino acids facilitate formation of alpha-radicals that have captodative structures in which the charge and spin are formally separated, although feeding back some of the charge onto the amide or carboxyl group adjacent to the radical center through hydrogen bonding enriches the electron-withdrawing properties and is highly stabilizing. DFT calculations located five isomers of His(.+) wit... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472299 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472292&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19391099%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kelly RT, Tolmachev AV, Page JS, Tang K, Smith RD The electrodynamic ion funnel has enabled the manipulation and focusing of ions in a pressure regime (0.1-30 Torr) that has challenged traditional approaches, and provided the basis for much greater mass spectrometer ion transmission efficiencies. The initial ion funnel implementations aimed to efficiently capture ions in the expanding gas jet of an electrospray ionization interface and radially focus them for efficient transfer through a conductance limiting orifice. We review the improvements in fundamental understanding of ion motion in ion funnels, the evolution in its implementations that have brought the ion funnel to its current state of refinement, as well as applications of the ion funnel for purposes such as ion trapp... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472292 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472360&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19367629%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews recent literature on current methodologies based on chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to analyze phenolic compounds with endocrine-disrupting capabilities. For this review we chose alkylphenol ethoxylates, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and their degradation products and halogenated derivatives, which are considered important environmental contaminants. Additionally, some related compounds such as bisphenol diglycidylethers were included. Growing attention has been paid to the mass spectrometric characterization of these compounds and the instrumentation and strategies used for their quantification and confirmation. The current use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methodologies with different mass ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472360 Tue, 14 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472383&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19358229%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hwang H, Zhang J, Chung KA, Leverenz JB, Zabetian CP, Peskind ER, Jankovic J, Su Z, Hancock AM, Pan C, Montine TJ, Pan S, Nutt J, Albin R, Gearing M, Beyer RP, Shi M, Zhang J Protein glycosylation regulates protein function and cellular distribution. Additionally, aberrant protein glycosylations have been recognized to play major roles in human disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Glycoproteomics, a branch of proteomics that catalogs and quantifies glycoproteins, provides a powerful means to systematically profile the glycopeptides or glycoproteins of a complex mixture that are highly enriched in body fluids, and therefore, carry great potential to be diagnostic and/or prognostic markers. Application of this mass spectrometry-based technology to the study of neurod... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472383 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472415&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19353714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu R, McMahon TB Both Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and high-pressure mass spectrometry (HPMS) are very powerful tools in the field of gas phase ion chemistry. Many experimental method developments based on FTICR-MS and HPMS are summarized, including the coupling of a high-pressure external ion source to a FTICR mass spectrometer, blackbody infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD), coupling laser desorption ionization with HPMS, infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD), radiative association and bimolecular routes to gas phase cluster ion formation. An abundance of thermochemical data, such as proton affinities, gas phase acidities, methyl cation affinities and metal cation affinities, have been obtained. Some of these data are the b... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472415 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472425&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19343731%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fridgen TD In this article, the new and exciting techniques of infrared consequence spectroscopy (sometimes called action spectroscopy) of gaseous ions are reviewed. These techniques include vibrational predissociation spectroscopy and infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and they typically complement one another in the systems studied and the information gained. In recent years infrared consequence spectroscopy has provided long-awaited direct evidence into the structures of gaseous ions from organometallic species to strong ionic hydrogen bonded structures to large biomolecules. Much is being learned with respect to the structures of ions without their stabilizing solvent which can be used to better understand the effect of solvent on their structures. This rev... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472425 Thu, 02 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2472456&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19338048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harrison AG Modern soft ionization techniques readily produce protonated or multiply protonated peptides. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of these protonated species is often used as a method to obtain sequence information. In many cases fragmentation occurs at amide bonds. When the charge resides on the C-terminal fragment so-called y ions are produced which are known to be protonated amino acids or truncated peptides. When the charge resides on the N-terminal fragment so-called b ions are produced. Often the sequence of y and b ions are essential for peptide sequencing. The b ions have many possible structures, a knowledge of which is useful in this sequencing. The structures of b ions are reviewed in the following with particular emphasis on the variation of structure ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2472456 Tue, 31 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2472456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2295567&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19326436%26dopt%3DAbstract This article is a review of the mechanisms responsible for collisional activation of ions in mass spectrometers. Part I gives a general introduction to the processes occurring when a projectile ion and neutral target collide. The theoretical background to the physical phenomena of curve-crossing excitation (for electronic and vibrational excitation), impulsive collisions (for direct translational to vibrational energy transfer), and the formation of long-lived collision intermediates is presented. Part II highlights the experimental and computational investigations that have been made into collisional activation for four experimental conditions: high (>100 eV) and intermediate (1-100 eV) center-of-mass collision energies, slow heating collisions (multiple low-energy collisions) and coll... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2295567 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2295567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2295562&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19326442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boyd B, Bohme D PMID: 19326442 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2295562 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2295562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2295573&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19319922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheng KW, Wong CC, Wang M, He QY, Chen F Natural products, and their derivatives and mimics, have contributed to the development of important therapeutics to combat diseases such as infections and cancers over the past decades. The value of natural products to modern drug discovery is still considerable. However, its development is hampered by a lack of a mechanistic understanding of their molecular action, as opposed to the emerging molecule-targeted therapeutics that are tailored to a specific protein target(s). Recent advances in the mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches have the potential to offer unprecedented insights into the molecular action of natural products. Chemical proteomics is established as an invaluable tool for the identification of protein targets of... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2295573 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2295573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2295577&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19306312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brodbelt J PMID: 19306312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2295577 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2295577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2283543&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19301366%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brunner Y, Schvartz D, Couté Y, Sanchez JC Regulated secretory organelles are important subcellular structures of living cells that allow the release in the extracellular space of crucial compounds, such as hormones and neurotransmitters. Therefore, the regulation of biogenesis, trafficking, and exocytosis of regulated secretory organelles has been intensively studied during the last 30 years. However, due to the large number of different regulated secretory organelles, only a few of them have been specifically characterized. New insights into regulated secretory organelles open crucial perspectives for a better comprehension of the mechanisms that govern cell secretion. The combination of subcellular fractionation, protein separation, and mass spectrometry is also possib... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2283543 Thu, 19 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2283543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2283551&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19294683%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Holmes JL, Aubry C This short account outlines the sources of thermochemical data that are important for gas phase ion chemistry. It describes some of the relationships that have been identified for the empirical estimation of enthalpies among neutral molecules, free radicals, and odd and even electron ions. For neutral species, the additivity principle works well and this has been developed to cover a very wide range of structures and isomers. Ionization energies of homologous species depend inversely on molecular size, allowing estimates to be made for missing members. For ions, the effect of a group substitution (such as replacing a hydrogen atom by, e.g., a methyl or hydroxyl group) can easily be estimated, but such results are strongly dependent upon the position of the c... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2283551 Tue, 17 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2283551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2283549&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19294730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lee YH, Lin Q, Boelsterli UA, Chung MC Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases and disorders, but the mechanistic basis often remains enigmatic. The Sod2 mutant mouse, which is sensitized to mitochondrial stress, is an ideal mutant model for studying the role of oxidative stress in a diverse range of complications arising from mitochondrial dysfunction and diminished antioxidant defense. To fully appreciate the widespread molecular consequences under increased oxidative stress, a systems approach utilizing proteomics is able to provide a global overview of the complex biological changes, which a targeted single biomolecular approach cannot address fully. This review focuses on the applications of mass spectrometry and functional prot... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2283549 Tue, 17 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2283549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2283546&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19294735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brodbelt JS, Wilson JJ The development of new ion activation techniques continues to be a dynamic area of scientific discovery, in part to complement the tremendous innovations in ionization methods that have allowed the mass spectrometric analysis of an enormous array of molecules. Ion activation/dissociation provides key information about ion structures, binding energies, and differentiation of isomers, as well as affording a primary means of identifying compounds in mixtures. Numerous new activation methods have emerged over the past two decades in an effort to develop alternatives to collisional activated dissociation, the gold standard for providing structurally diagnostic fragmentation patterns. Collisional activated dissociation does not always offer sufficiently high o... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2283546 Tue, 17 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2283546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2249119&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266564%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19266564 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2249119 Thu, 05 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2249119 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2249118&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19266570%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bohme DK The author provides a brief overview, and shares the extraordinary excitement, of the years of unprecedented discoveries in ion chemistry that followed the first production of fullerene powder in 1990. Various charge states of the buckminsterfullerene ${\rm C}_{60};{n + }$ cation became available by conventional electron-impact ionization of the vapor of this powder and so for mass-spectrometric measurements of ion reactivity. The emphasis here will be on fullerene-ion research performed in the author's own laboratory at York University using electron ionization flow-tube mass spectrometry techniques. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 19266570 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2249118 Thu, 05 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2249118 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2240949&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19263479%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dunn JD, Reid GE, Bruening ML Mass spectrometry is the tool of choice to investigate protein phosphorylation, which plays a vital role in cell regulation and diseases such as cancer. However, low abundances of phosphopeptides and low degrees of phosphorylation typically necessitate isolation and concentration of phosphopeptides prior to MS analysis. This review discusses the enrichment of phosphopeptides with immobilized metal affinity chromatography, reversible covalent binding, and metal oxide affinity chromatography. Capture of phosphopeptides on TiO(2) seems especially promising in terms of selectivity and recovery, but the success of all methods depends on careful selection of binding, washing, and elution solutions. Enrichment techniques are complementary, such that a co... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2240949 Wed, 04 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2240949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2216591&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19241457%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Polfer NC, Oomens J The low density of ions in mass spectrometers generally precludes direct infrared (IR) absorption measurements. The IR spectrum of an ion can nonetheless be obtained by inducing photodissociation of the ion using a high-intensity tunable laser. The emergence of free electron lasers (FELs) and recent breakthroughs in bench-top lasers based on nonlinear optics have now made it possible to routinely record IR spectra of gas-phase ions. As the energy of one IR photon is insufficient to cause dissociation of molecules and strongly bound complexes, two main experimental strategies have been developed to effect photodissociation. In infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IR-MPD) many photons are absorbed resonantly and their energy is stored in the bath of vibrati... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2216591 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2216591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2216590&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19241461%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Resano M, García-Ruiz E, Vanhaecke F Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) is a solid sampling technique in continuous expansion in all types of research fields in which direct multi-elemental or isotopic analysis is required. In particular, this technique shows unique characteristics that made its use recommended in many archaeometric applications, where valuable solid artifacts are often the target samples, because it offers flexibility to achieve spatially resolved information with high detection power and a wide linear range, in a fast and straightforward way, and with minimal sample damage. The current review provides a systematic survey of publications that reported the use of LA-ICPMS in an archaeological context, highlights its mai... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2216590 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2216590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2216589&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19241462%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reilly JP Mass spectrometric identification of all types of molecules relies on the observation and interpretation of ion fragmentation patterns. Peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids that are often found as components of complex biological samples represent particularly important challenges. The most common strategies for fragmenting biomolecular ions include low- and high-energy collisional activation, post-source decay, and electron capture or transfer dissociation. Each of these methods has its own idiosyncrasies and advantages but encounters problems with some types of samples. Novel fragmentation methods that can offer improvements are always desirable. One approach that has been under study for years but is not yet incorporated into a commercial instrumen... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2216589 Tue, 24 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2216589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2194899&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219931%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eyler JR The ability of Paul and Penning traps to contain ions for time periods ranging from milliseconds to minutes allows the trapped ions to be subjected to laser irradiation for extended lengths of time. In this way, relatively low-powered tunable infrared lasers can be used to induce ion fragmentation when a sufficient number of infrared photons are absorbed, a process known as infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD). If ion fragmentation is monitored as a function of laser wavelength, a photodissociation action spectrum can be obtained. The development of widely tunable infrared laser sources, in particular free electron lasers (FELs) and optical parametric oscillators/amplifiers (OPO/As), now allows spectra of trapped ions to be obtained for the entire "chemically... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2194899 Fri, 13 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2194899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2110625&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19145581%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bindila L, Peter-Katalinić J The introduction of micro- and nanochip front end technologies for electrospray mass spectrometry addressed a major challenge in carbohydrate analysis: high sensitivity structural determination and heterogeneity assessment in high dynamic range mixtures of biological origin. Chip-enhanced electrospray ionization was demonstrated to provide reproducible performance irrespective of the type of carbohydrate, while the amenability of chip systems for coupling with different mass spectrometers greatly advance the chip/MS technique as a versatile key tool in glycomic studies. A more accurate representation of the glycan repertoire to include novel biologically-relevant information was achieved in different biological sources, asserting this techniq... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2110625 Wed, 14 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2110625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2089973&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19127566%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rubino FM, Pitton M, Di Fabio D, Colombi A Cancer and degenerative diseases are major causes of morbidity and death, derived from the permanent modification of key biopolymers such as DNA and regulatory proteins by usually smaller, reactive molecules, present in the environment or generated from endogenous and xenobiotic components by the body's own biochemical mechanisms (molecular adducts). In particular, protein adducts with organic electrophiles have been studied for more than 30 [see, e.g., Calleman et al., 1978] years essentially for three purposes: (a) as passive monitors of the mean level of individual exposure to specific chemicals, either endogenously present in the human body or to which the subject is exposed through food or environmental contamination; (b) as quan... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2089973 Tue, 06 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2089973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2074093&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19116944%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vukics V, Guttman A Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites of great structural variety and high medicinal significance. The search for new chemical entities and the quality control of flavonoid containing natural products require easy-to-use but reliable and robust analytical methodologies. For structural elucidation of flavonoids and their glycosides, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS) are the generally used techniques. In phytochemical analyses, however, high amounts of flavonoids are difficult to isolate for NMR, thus low sample volume requiring MS based methods are emerging. This review summarizes and compares currently available methods for structural elucidation of flavonoids by LC-MS and LC-MS(n), and focuses on the identification options of... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2074093 Tue, 30 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2074093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2074092&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19116946%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maurer MH Mass spectrometry has become the gold standard for the identification of proteins in proteomics. In this review, I will discuss the available literature on proteomic experiments that analyze human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain extracellular fluid (ECF), mostly obtained by cerebral microdialysis. Both materials are of high diagnostic value in clinical neurology, for example, in cerebrovascular disorders like stroke, neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), traumatic brain injury and cerebral infectious and inflammatory disease, such as multiple sclerosis. Moreover, there are standard procedures for sampling. In a number of studies in recent years, biomarkers have been proposed in CSF and ECF f... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2074092 Tue, 30 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2074092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2065299&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19107894%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 19107894 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2065299 Tue, 23 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2065299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2046792&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19073015%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mechref Y, Novotny MV PMID: 19073015 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2046792 Mon, 15 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2046792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2046793&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19072760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rabilloud T, Vaezzadeh AR, Potier N, Lelong C, Leize-Wagner E, Chevallet M Proteomics can be defined as the large-scale analysis of proteins. Due to the complexity of biological systems, it is required to concatenate various separation techniques prior to mass spectrometry. These techniques, dealing with proteins or peptides, can rely on chromatography or electrophoresis. In this review, the electrophoretic techniques are under scrutiny. Their principles are recalled, and their applications for peptide and protein separations are presented and critically discussed. In addition, the features that are specific to gel electrophoresis and that interplay with mass spectrometry (i.e., protein detection after electrophoresis, and the process leading from a gel piece to a solution of ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2046793 Fri, 12 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2046793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1990783&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19025966%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang YJ, Martin HG, Myers S, Rodriguez S, Baidoo EE, Keasling JD Metabolic flux analysis via (13)C labeling ((13)C MFA) quantitatively tracks metabolic pathway activity and determines overall enzymatic function in cells. Three core techniques are necessary for (13)C MFA: (1) a steady state cell culture in a defined medium with labeled-carbon substrates; (2) precise measurements of the labeling pattern of targeted metabolites; and (3) evaluation of the data sets obtained from mass spectrometry measurements with a computer model to calculate the metabolic fluxes. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the (13)C-flux analysis technologies, including mini-bioreactor usage for tracer experiments, isotopomer analysis of metabolites via high resolution mass spectrometry (suc... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1990783 Mon, 24 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1990783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1975083&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19016300%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mendoza VL, Vachet RW For many years, amino acid-specific covalent labeling has been a valuable tool to study protein structure and protein interactions, especially for systems that are difficult to study by other means. These covalent labeling methods typically map protein structure and interactions by measuring the differential reactivity of amino acid side chains. The reactivity of amino acids in proteins generally depends on the accessibility of the side chain to the reagent, the inherent reactivity of the label and the reactivity of the amino acid side chain. Peptide mass mapping with ESI- or MALDI-MS and peptide sequencing with tandem MS are typically employed to identify modification sites to provide site-specific structural information. In this review, we describe the ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1975083 Mon, 17 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1975083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1960687&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19004022%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Downard K PMID: 19004022 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1960687 Tue, 11 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1960687 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1945219&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18989895%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bilusich D, Bowie JH In a previous review (Bowie, Brinkworth, & Dua (2002); Mass Spectrom Rev 21:87-107) we described the characteristic backbone cleavages and side chain fragmentations which occur from (M-H)(-) parent anions of underivatized peptides. This work is briefly summarized in the present review. Cys was not described in the previous review: here we describe the Cys characteristic side chain loss of H(2)S, together with its gamma backbone cleavage. These processes are compared with those of the related Ser. All experimental observations are backed up with theoretical studies at the HF/6-31G(d)//AM1 level of theory, a level of theory which we have shown gives good geometries and acceptable relative energies. The negative ion cleavages of a number of post-translati... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1945219 Thu, 06 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1945219 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1939081&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18985755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Renaut J, Bohler S, Hausman JF, Hoffmann L, Sergeant K, Ashan N, Jolivet Y, Dizengremel P Tropospheric ozone is the main atmospheric pollutant that causes damages to trees. The estimation of the threshold for ozone risk assessment depends on the evaluation of the means that this pollutant impacts the plant and, especially, the foliar organs. The available results show that, before any visible symptom appears, carbon assimilation and the underlying metabolic processes are decreased under chronic ozone exposure. By contrast, the catabolic pathways are enhanced, and contribute to the supply of sufficient reducing power necessary to feed the detoxification processes. Reactive oxygen species delivered during ozone exposure serve as toxic compounds and messengers for the signaling s... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1939081 Tue, 04 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1939081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1939080&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18985786%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18985786 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1939080 Tue, 04 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1939080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1934008&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18979527%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wuhrer M, de Boer AR, Deelder AM Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) with mass spectrometry is a versatile technique for structural glycomics. Glycans are retained by hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, and dipole-dipole interactions. Glycopeptides as well as glycans with various modifications and reducing-end labels can be efficiently separated, which often results in the resolution of isobaric species. Chromatography is usually performed with solvent mixtures of organic modifier (often acetonitrile) and volatile (acidic) buffer which are suitable for online-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. When performed at the nano-scale, this results in a detection limit for oligosaccharides of approximately 1 femtomol. Alternatively, glycans may be analyzed by offli... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1934008 Fri, 31 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1934008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1926432&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18973238%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mischak H, Coon JJ, Novak J, Weissinger EM, Schanstra JP, Dominiczak AF Proteome analysis has emerged as a powerful technology to decipher biological processes. One of the main goals is to discover biomarkers for diseases from tissues and body fluids. However, the complexity and wide dynamic range of protein expression present an enormous challenge to separation technologies and mass spectrometry (MS). In this review, we examine the limitations of proteomics, and aim towards the definition of the current key prerequisites. We focus on capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS), because this technique continues to show great promise. We discuss CE-MS from an application point of view, and evaluate its merits and vices for biomarker discovery and clinical app... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1926432 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1926432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1926431&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18973241%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mechref Y, Novotny MV The occurrence of multiple glycosylation sites on a protein, together with the number of glycan structures which could potentially be associated with each site (microheterogeneity) often leads to a large number of structural combinations. These structural variations increase with the molecular size of a protein, thus contributing to the complexity of glycosylation patterns. Resolving such fine structural differences has been instrumentally difficult. The degree of glycoprotein microheterogeneity has been analytically challenging in the identification of unique glycan structures that can be crucial to a distinct biological function. Despite the wealth of information provided by the most powerful mass spectrometric (MS) and tandem MS techniques, they are no... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1926431 Thu, 30 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1926431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1917968&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18956477%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zaia J The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) family of polysaccharides includes the unsulfated hyaluronan and the sulfated heparin, heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate. GAGs are biosynthesized by a series of enzymes, the activities of which are controlled by complex factors. Animal cells alter their responses to different growth conditions by changing the structures of GAGs expressed on their cell surfaces and in extracellular matrices. Because this variation is a means whereby the functions of the limited number of protein gene products in animal genomes is elaborated, the phenotypic and functional assessment of GAG structures expressed spatially and temporally is an important goal in glycomics. On-line mass spectrometric separations are essential for suc... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1917968 Mon, 27 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1917968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1907594&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18949816%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Priego Capote F, Sanchez JC Among post-translational modifications of proteins, non-enzymatic glycation is one of the less frequently studied by experts in proteomics. However, the relevance of protein glycation has been widely shown up in several pathological conditions. In fact, non-enzymatic glycation has been strongly related to hyperglycemic conditions and, thus, to chronic complications associated to diabetes mellitus and renal failure as well as degenerative changes occurring in the course of aging. Two different glycation levels are distinguished whether the structure of the protein is seriously damaged or not. The biochemical and clinical significance of both glycations have been already described. Several reasons have contributed to the lack of highly sensitive and s... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1907594 Thu, 23 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1907594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1907593&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18949817%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Russell SC In recent years a major effort by several groups has been undertaken to identify bacteria by mass spectrometry at the single cell level. The intent of this review is to highlight the recent progress made in the application of single particle mass spectrometry to the analysis of microorganisms. A large portion of the review highlights improvements in the ionization and mass analysis of bio-aerosols, or particles that contain biologically relevant molecules such as peptides or proteins. While these are not direct applications to bacteria, the results have been central to a progression toward single cell mass spectrometry. Developments in single particle matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) are summarized. Recent applications of aerosol laser desorption/... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1907593 Thu, 23 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1907593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1870694&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18844296%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barone R, Sturiale L, Garozzo D Human genetic diseases that affect N-glycosylation result from the defective synthesis of the N-linked sugar moiety (glycan) of glycoproteins. The role of glycans for proper protein folding and biological functions is illustrated in the variety and severity of clinical manifestations shared by congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). This family of inherited metabolic disorders includes defects in the assembly of the oligosaccharide precursor that lead to an under-occupancy of N-glycosylation sites (CDG-I), and defects of glycan remodeling (CDG-II). Mass spectrometry constitutes a key tool for characterization of CDG-I defects by mass resolution of native protein glycoforms that differ for glycosylation-site occupancy. Glycan MS analyses in ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1870694 Thu, 09 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1870694 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1844691&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18825656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harvey DJ This review is the third update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings the topic to the end of 2004. Both fundamental studies and applications are covered. The main topics include methodological developments, matrices, fragmentation of carbohydrates and applications to large polymeric carbohydrates from plants, glycans from glycoproteins and those from various glycolipids. Other topics include the use of MALDI MS to study enzymes related to carbohydrate biosynthesis and degradation, its use in industrial processes, particularly biopharmaceuticals and its use to monitor products of chemical synthesis where glyc... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1844691 Mon, 29 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1844691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1829149&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18814286%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18814286 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1829149 Tue, 23 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1829149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1790275&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18785619%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Laeter JR The 1914 Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Theodore Richards, whose work provided an insight into the history of the birth and evolution of matter as embedded in the atomic weights. However, the secret to unlocking the hieroglyphics contained in the atomic weights is revealed by a study of the relative abundances of the isotopes. A consistent set of internationally accepted atomic weights has been a goal of the scientific community for over a century. Atomic weights were originally determined by chemical stoichiometry-the so-called "Harvard Method," but this methodology has now been superseded by the "physical method," in which the isotopic composition and atomic masses of the isotopes comprising an element are used to calculate the atomic weight with far g... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1790275 Thu, 11 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1790275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1788709&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18785191%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents an overview on the primary biological properties of macrolides and their associated analytical issues, including extraction, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), method validation, and measurement uncertainty. The main techniques that have been used to extract macrolides from various matrices are solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction. Conventional liquid chromatography (LC) with C18 columns plays a dominant role for the determination of macrolides, whereas ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) along with sub-2 microm particle C18 columns reduces run time and improves sensitivity. Mass spectrometry (MS), serving as a universal detection technique, has replaced ultraviolet (UV), fluorometric, and electrochemical detection for multi-mac... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1788709 Wed, 10 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1788709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1788708&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18785239%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Downard KM, Morrissey B, Schwahn AB The role of mass spectrometry to probe characteristics of the influenza virus, and vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus, are reviewed. Genetic and proteomic approaches have been applied which incorporate high resolution mass spectrometry and mass mapping to genotype the virus and establish its evolution in terms of the primary structure of the surface protein antigens. A mass spectrometric immunoassay has been developed and applied to assess the structure and antigenicity of the virus in terms of the hemagglutinin antigen. The quantitation of the hemagglutinin antigen in vaccine preparations has also been conducted that is of importance to their efficacy. Finally, the characterization and quantitation of antiviral drugs against ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1788708 Wed, 10 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1788708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1729362&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18720354%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang Z, Pan H, Chen X Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, have emerged as one of the most promising classes of therapeutics in the biopharmaceutical industry. The need for complete characterization of the quality attributes of these molecules requires sophisticated techniques. Mass spectrometry (MS) has become an essential analytical tool for the structural characterization of therapeutic antibodies, due to its superior resolution over other analytical techniques. It has been widely used in virtually all phases of antibody development. Structural features determined by MS include amino acid sequence, disulfide linkages, carbohydrate structure and profile, and many different post-translational, in-process, and in-storage modifications. In this review, we will discuss va... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1729362 Wed, 20 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1729362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1692153&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18683895%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Perry RH, Cooks RG, Noll RJ Since its introduction, the orbitrap has proven to be a robust mass analyzer that can routinely deliver high resolving power and mass accuracy. Unlike conventional ion traps such as the Paul and Penning traps, the orbitrap uses only electrostatic fields to confine and to analyze injected ion populations. In addition, its relatively low cost, simple design and high space-charge capacity make it suitable for tackling complex scientific problems in which high performance is required. This review begins with a brief account of the set of inventions that led to the orbitrap, followed by a qualitative description of ion capture, ion motion in the trap and modes of detection. Various orbitrap instruments, including the commercially available linear ion tra... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1692153 Wed, 06 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1692153 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686228&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18680189%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barton SJ, Whittaker JC Proteomic technologies are important because they link genes, proteins and disease. The identification of proteins and peptides has been revolutionized in the last decade by the use of mass spectrometry. This method is highly sensitive and much faster than the chemical reactions used previously because it can fragment peptides in seconds rather than in hours or days. Proteins are digested with an enzyme, usually trypsin, and the resulting peptides are fragmented in a tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS). The masses of the fragment ions formed in the MS/MS can be used to identify the sequence of amino acids in the peptides. However, a number of different factors have been found to influence the amount of the various types of fragment ion formed. In this arti... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686228 Mon, 04 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1682990&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18677766%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Headley JV, Peru KM, Barrow MP There is a growing need to develop mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of oil sands naphthenic acids (structural formulae described by C(n)H(2n+z)O(2) where n is the number of carbon atoms and "z" is referred to as the "hydrogen deficiency" and is equal to zero, or is a negative, even integer) present in environmental samples. This interest stems from the need to better understand their contribution to the total acid number of oil sands acids; along with assessing their toxicity in aquatic environments. Negative-ion electrospray ionization has emerged as the analytical technique of choice. For infusion samples, matrix effects are particularly evident for quantification in the presence of salts and co-elutants. However, such effect... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1682990 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1682990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1639051&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18636527%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Franzke B, Geissel H, Münzenberg G Mass and lifetime measurements lead to the discovery and understanding of basic properties of matter. The isotopic nature of the chemical elements, nuclear binding, and the location and strength of nuclear shells are the most outstanding examples leading to the development of the first nuclear models. More recent are the discoveries of new structures of nuclides far from the valley of stability. A new generation of direct mass measurements which allows the exploration of extended areas of the nuclear mass surface with high accuracy has been opened up with the combination of the Experimental Storage Ring ESR and the FRragment Separator FRS at GSI Darmstadt. In-flight separated nuclei are stored in the ring. Their masses are directly deter... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1639051 Thu, 17 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1639051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1639050&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18636536%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pisonero J, Günther D Laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has become a versatile and powerful analytical method for direct solid analysis. The applicability has been demonstrated on a wide variety of samples, where major, minor, and trace element concentrations or isotope ratio determinations have been of interest. The pros and cons of UV-nsec laser ablation have been studied in detail, and indicate that aerosol generation, aerosol transport, and aerosol excitation-ionization within the ICP contribute to fractionation effects, which prevent this method from a more universal application to all matrices and all elements. Recent progresses in IR-fs and UV-fs laser ablation coupled to ICP-MS have been reported, which increase the inter-matri... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1639050 Thu, 17 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1639050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1616000&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18618616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thomas RD The interaction of matter with its environment is the driving force behind the evolution of 99% of the observed matter in the universe. The majority of the visible universe exists in a state of weak ionization, the so called fourth state of matter: plasma. Plasmas are ubiquitous, from those occurring naturally; interstellar molecular clouds, cometary comae, circumstellar shells, to those which are anthropic in origin; flames, combustion engines and fusion reactors. The evolution of these plasmas is driven by the interaction of the plasma constituents, the ions, and the electrons. One of the most important subsets of these reactions is electron-molecular ion recombination. This process is significant for two very important reasons. It is an ionization reducing reactio... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1616000 Thu, 10 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1616000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1615999&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18618655%26dopt%3DAbstract This article aims to summarize the applications of mass spectrometry based technology on the most important and specific biological fluids related to reproduction and gestation. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spectrom. Rev. PMID: 18618655 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1615999 Thu, 10 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1615999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1615998&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18618656%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Baginsky S Proteomics is an essential source of information about biological systems because it generates knowledge about the concentrations, interactions, functions, and catalytic activities of proteins, which are the major structural and functional determinants of cells. In the last few years significant technology development has taken place both at the level of data analysis software and mass spectrometry hardware. Conceptual progress in proteomics has made possible the analysis of entire proteomes at previously unprecedented density and accuracy. New concepts have emerged that comprise quantitative analyses of full proteomes, database-independent protein identification strategies, targeted quantitative proteomics approaches with proteotypic peptides and the systematic ana... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1615998 Thu, 10 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1615998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1543197&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18571797%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18571797 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1543197 Fri, 20 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1543197 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1526179&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18553556%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matteson S Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has developed in the last 30 years many notable applications to the spectrometry of radioisotopes, particularly in radiocarbon dating. The instrumentation science of trace element AMS (TEAMS) that analyzes stable isotopes, also called Accelerator SIMS or MegaSIMS, while unique in many features, has also shared in many of these significant advances and has pushed TEAMS sensitivity to concentration levels surpassing many competing mass spectroscopic technologies. This review examines recent instrumentation developments, the capabilities of the new instrumentation and discernable trends for future development. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 18553556 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectro... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1526179 Fri, 13 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1526179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1526178&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18553564%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nesatyy VJ, Suter MJ Thousands of man-made chemicals are annually released into the environment by agriculture, transport, industries, and other human activities. In general, chemical analysis of environmental samples used to assess the pollution status of a specific ecosystem is complicated by the complexity of the mixture, and in some cases by the very low toxicity thresholds of chemicals present. In that sense, a proteomics approach, capable of detecting subtle changes in the level and structure of individual proteins within the whole proteome in response to the altered surroundings, has obvious applications in the field of ecotoxicology. In addition to identifying new protein biomarkers, it can also help to provide an insight into underlying mechanisms of toxicity. Despite... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1526178 Fri, 13 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1526178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1466048&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18498137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morton VL, Stockley PG, Stonehouse NJ, Ashcroft AE The assembly of viral proteins into a range of macromolecular complexes of strictly defined architecture is one of Nature's wonders. Unraveling the details of these complex structures and the associated self-assembly pathways that lead to their efficient and precise construction will play an important role in the development of anti-viral therapeutics. It will also be important in bio-nanotechnology where there is a plethora of applications for such well-defined macromolecular complexes, including cell-specific drug delivery and as substrates for the formation of novel materials with unique electrical and magnetic properties. Mass spectrometry has the ability not only to measure masses accurately but also to provide vital deta... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1466048 Thu, 22 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1466048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1446065&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18481254%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Righetti PG, Boschetti E The present review covers modern aspects of combinatorial peptide ligand libraries (CPLL), as used to analyze the "low-abundance proteome" in association with mass spectrometry. First, the capturing properties of baits of different lengths (from single amino acid to hexa-peptides) are described to show that a plateau is rapidly reached above a tetra-peptide in length, thus confirming the validity of having adopted hexapeptides for the considered application. The mechanism of interaction with proteins from very complex proteomes and the ability to decrease the dynamic concentration range is demonstrated with the help of mass spectrometry analysis. Examples are given on how treatment with CPLLs dramatically improves the detectability of peptides in mass ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1446065 Wed, 14 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1446065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1439559&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18470926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hellborg R, Skog G In this overview the technique of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and its use are described. AMS is a highly sensitive method of counting atoms. It is used to detect very low concentrations of natural isotopic abundances (typically in the range between 10(-12) and 10(-16)) of both radionuclides and stable nuclides. The main advantages of AMS compared to conventional radiometric methods are the use of smaller samples (mg and even sub-mg size) and shorter measuring times (less than 1 hr). The equipment used for AMS is almost exclusively based on the electrostatic tandem accelerator, although some of the newest systems are based on a slightly different principle. Dedicated accelerators as well as older "nuclear physics machines" can be found in the 80 or so... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1439559 Fri, 09 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1439559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1439558&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18470929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Larsson M PMID: 18470929 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1439558 Fri, 09 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1439558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1416240&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18449916%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18449916 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1416240 Wed, 30 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1416240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1386818&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18421766%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Garrison BJ, Postawa Z Surface based mass spectrometric approaches fill an important niche in the mass analysis portfolio of tools. The particular niche depends on both the underlying physics and chemistry of molecule ejection as well as experimental characteristics. In this article, we use molecular dynamics computer simulations to elucidate the fundamental processes giving rise to ejection of organic molecules in atomic and cluster secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), massive cluster impact (MCI) mass spectrometry, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. This review is aimed at graduate students and experimental researchers. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 18421766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: M... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1386818 Thu, 17 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1386818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1386817&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18421767%26dopt%3DAbstract This article will hopefully stimulate further efforts to construct a comprehensive proteome database of bacterial OMVs that will help us not only to elucidate the biogenesis and functions of OMVs but also to develop diagnostic tools, vaccines, and antibiotics effective against pathogenic bacteria. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 18421767 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1386817 Thu, 17 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1386817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1386816&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18421768%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Castiglioni S, Zuccato E, Chiabrando C, Fanelli R, Bagnati R Residues of illicit drugs have been recently found in urban wastewater and surface water. Their levels reflect the amount of drugs collectively excreted by consumers and can therefore be used to estimate drug abuse. An overview of the most widely used illicit drugs and of the analytical methods used for their detection in wastewater and surface water is presented here. Solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry are the techniques that have been used for these investigations. Instrumental conditions and fragmentation patterns of illicit drugs and their metabolites are described. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev. PMID: 18421768 [PubMed - as supplied by ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1386816 Thu, 17 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1386816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1347376&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18381744%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carpentier SC, Panis B, Vertommen A, Swennen R, Sergeant K, Renaut J, Laukens K, Witters E, Samyn B, Devreese B Biological research has focused in the past on model organisms and most of the functional genomics studies in the field of plant sciences are still performed on model species or species that are characterized to a great extent. However, numerous non-model plants are essential as food, feed, or energy resource. Some features and processes are unique to these plant species or families and cannot be approached via a model plant. The power of all proteomic and transcriptomic methods, that is, high-throughput identification of candidate gene products, tends to be lost in non-model species due to the lack of genomic information or due to the sequence divergence to a relate... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1347376 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1347376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1347377&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18381623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scholten A, Aye TT, Heck AJ Mass spectrometry has evolved in recent years to a well-accepted and increasingly important complementary technique in molecular and structural biology. Here we review the many contributions mass spectrometry based studies have made in recent years in our understanding of the important cyclic nucleotide activated protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase G (PKG). We both describe the characterization of kinase isozymes, substrate phosphorylation, binding partners and post-translational modifications by proteomics based methodologies as well as their structural and functional properties as revealed by native mass spectrometry, H/D exchange MS and ion mobility. Combining all these mass spectrometry based data with other biophysical and biochemical dat... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1347377 Mon, 31 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1347377 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1300316&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18335496%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18335496 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1300316 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1300316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1300315&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18335498%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Temporini C, Calleri E, Massolini G, Caccialanza G The post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins is a common biological mechanism for regulating protein localization, function, and turnover. The direct analysis of modifications is required because they are not coded by genes, and thus are not predictable. Different MS-based proteomic strategies are used for the analysis of PTMs, such as phosphorylation and glycosylation, and are composed of a structural simplification step of the protein followed by specific isolation step to extract the classes of modified peptides (also called "sub-proteomes") before mass spectrometry. This specific isolation step is necessary because PTMs occur at a sub-stoichiometric level and signal suppression of the modified fractions in the mas... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1300315 Tue, 11 Mar 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1300315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1283461&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18320595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mirsaleh-Kohan N, Robertson WD, Compton RN This review presents an overview of electron ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (EITOFMS), beginning with its early development to the employment of modern high-resolution electron ionization sources. The EITOFMS is demonstrated to be ideally suited for analytical and basic chemical physics studies. Studies of the formation of positive ions by electron ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy have been responsible for many of the known ionization potentials of molecules and radicals, as well as accepted bond dissociation energies for ions and neutral molecules. The application of TOFMS has been particularly important in the area of negative ion physics and chemistry. A wide variety of negative ion properties have been disc... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1283461 Tue, 04 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1283461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1231852&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18271009%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gutstein HB, Morris JS, Annangudi SP, Sweedler JV Proteomics, the large-scale study of protein expression in organisms, offers the potential to evaluate global changes in protein expression and their post-translational modifications that take place in response to normal or pathological stimuli. One challenge has been the requirement for substantial amounts of tissue in order to perform comprehensive proteomic characterization. In heterogeneous tissues, such as brain, this has limited the application of proteomic methodologies. Efforts to adapt standard methods of tissue sampling, protein extraction, arraying, and identification are reviewed, with an emphasis on those appropriate to smaller samples ranging in size from several microliters down to single cells. The effects of mi... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1231852 Tue, 12 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1231852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1217952&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18257036%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18257036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1217952 Wed, 06 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1217952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1217951&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18257037%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asmis KR, Sauer J The above article was published in K.T. Asmis and J. Sauer, Mass Spectrometry Reviews 2007, 26:542-562.On p. 558, right column, line 10 from bottom, the reference "(Santambrogio et al., 2007)"should be replaced by "(Santambrogio et al., 2006)."On p. 561, the reference "Santambrogio G, Brümmer M, Wöste L, Döbler J, Sierka M, Sauer J, Meijer G, Asmis KR. 2007. Gas Phase Infrared Spectroscopy of Mass-Selected Vanadium Oxide Cluster Anions. Submitted to J Chem Phys."Should be replaced by "Santambrogio G, Brümmer M, Wöste L, Döbler J, Sierka M, Sauer J, Meijer G, Asmis KR. 2006. Gas Phase Vibrational Spectroscopy of Mass-Selected Vanadium Oxide Cluster Anions. In preparation." PMID: 18257037 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (So... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1217951 Wed, 06 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1217951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1213244&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18247413%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harvey DJ This review is the second update of the original review on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates that was published in 1999. It covers fundamental aspects of the technique as applied to carbohydrates, fragmentation of carbohydrates, studies of specific carbohydrate types such as those from plant cell walls and those attached to proteins and lipids, studies of glycosyl-transferases and glycosidases, and studies where MALDI has been used to monitor products of chemical synthesis. Use of the technique shows a steady annual increase at the expense of older techniques such as FAB. There is an increasing emphasis on its use for examination of biological systems rather than on studies of fundamental aspects and metho... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1213244 Mon, 04 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1213244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199851&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18240151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mondello L, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Dugo G Although comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) has been on the scene for more than 15 years, it is still generally considered a relatively novel technique and is yet far from being fully established. The revolutionary aspect of GC x GC, with respect to classical multidimensional chromatography, is that the entire sample is subjected to two distinct analytical separations. The resulting enhanced separating capacity makes this approach a prime choice when GC analysts are challenged with highly complex mixtures. The combination of a third mass spectrometric dimension to a GC x GC system generates the most powerful analytical tool today for volatile and semi-volatile analytes. The present review is focused on the rather... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199851 Thu, 31 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199852&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18231971%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brouwers EE, Tibben M, Rosing H, Schellens JH, Beijnen JH Metal-based anticancer agents are frequently used in the treatment of a wide variety of cancer types. The monitoring of these anticancer agents in biological samples is important to understand their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and metabolism. In addition, determination of metals originating from anticancer agents is relevant to assess occupational exposure of health care personnel working with these drugs. The high sensitivity of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has resulted in an increased popularity of this technique for the analysis of metal-based anticancer drugs. In addition to the quantitative analysis of the metal of interest in a sample, ICP-MS can be used as an ultrasensitive metal ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199852 Tue, 29 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199858&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17979143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fenyö D, Beavis RC Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has been successfully applied to elucidating biological questions trough the analysis of proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. Here, we review the different approaches for analyzing the data that is generated by MALDI-MS. The first step in the analysis is the processing of the raw data to find peaks that correspond to the analytes. The peaks are characterized by their areas (or heights) and their centroids. The peak area can be used as a measure of the quantity of the analyte, and the centroid can be used to determine the mass of the analyte. The masses are then compared to models of the analyte, and these models are ranked according to how well they fit the data and their signifi... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199858 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199857&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18000882%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thevis M, Thomas A, Schänzer W Insulins' anabolic and anti-catabolic properties have supposedly led to its misuse in sport. Hence, doping control assays were developed to allow the unequivocal identification of synthetic insulin analogs and metabolic products derived from human insulin and its artificial counterparts in urine and plasma specimens. Analyses were based on immunoaffinity purification and subsequent characterization of target analytes by top-down sequencing-based approaches, which were conducted with hybrid tandem mass spectrometers that consisted of either quadrupole-linear ion trap or linear ion trap-orbitrap analyzers. Diagnostic product ions and analytical strategies are presented and discussed in light of the need to unambiguously identify misused drugs ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199857 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199856&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18023079%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schuchardt S, Borlak J Identifying proteins of signaling networks has received much attention, because an array of biological processes are entirely dependent on protein cross-talk and protein-protein interactions. Protein posttranslational modifications (PTM) add an additional layer of complexity, resulting in complex signaling networks. Of particular interest to our working group are the signaling networks of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Ligand binding to the N-terminal residue of the extracellular domain of EGF receptor induces conformational changes, dimerization, and (auto)-phosphorylation of intracellular tyrosine residu... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199856 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199855&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18033735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fang AS, Miao X, Tidswell PW, Towle MH, Goetzinger WK, Kyranos JN In this Section, we review the applications of mass spectrometry for the analysis and purification of new chemical entities (NCEs) for pharmaceutical discovery. Since the speed of synthesis of NCEs has dramatically increased over the last few years, new high throughput analytical techniques have been developed to keep pace with the synthetic developments. In this Section, we review both novel, as well as modifications of commonly used mass spectrometry techniques that have helped increase the speed of the analytical process. Part of the review is devoted to the purification of NCEs, which has undergone significant development in recent years, and the close integral association between characterization and purifi... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199855 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199854&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18058924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18058924 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199854 Tue, 01 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1199854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199853&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18161882%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 18161882 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199853 Thu, 27 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199863&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17654467%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kussmann M, Affolter M, Nagy K, Holst B, Fay LB In modern nutrition research, mass spectrometry has developed into a tool to assess health, sensory as well as quality and safety aspects of food. In this review, we focus on health-related benefits of food components and, accordingly, on biomarkers of exposure (bioavailability) and bioefficacy. Current nutrition research focuses on unraveling the link between dietary patterns, individual foods or food constituents and the physiological effects at cellular, tissue and whole body level after acute and chronic uptake. The bioavailability of bioactive food constituents as well as dose-effect correlations are key information to understand the impact of food on defined health outcomes. Both strongly depend on appropriate analytical to... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199863 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199861&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17680676%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 17680676 [PubMed] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199861 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199860&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17853432%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Godin JP, Fay LB, Hopfgartner G Among the different disciplines covered by mass spectrometry, measurement of (13)C/(12)C isotopic ratio crosses a large section of disciplines from a tool revealing the origin of compounds to more recent approaches such as metabolomics and proteomics. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and molecular mass spectrometry (MS) are the two most mature techniques for (13)C isotopic analysis of compounds, respectively, for high and low-isotopic precision. For the sample introduction, the coupling of gas chromatography (GC) to either IRMS or MS is state of the art technique for targeted isotopic analysis of volatile analytes. However, liquid chromatography (LC) also needs to be considered as a tool for the sample introduction into IRMS or MS for (13)... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199860 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199859&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17854059%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bouchoux G The experimental and theoretical methods of determination of gas-phase basicities, proton affinities and protonation entropies are presented in a tutorial form. Particularities and limitations of these methods when applied to polyfunctional molecules are emphasized. Structural effects during the protonation process in the gas-phase and their consequences on the corresponding thermochemistry are reviewed and classified. The role of the nature of the basic site (protonation on non-bonded electron pairs or on pi-electron systems) and of substituent effects (electrostatic and resonance) are first examined. Then, linear correlations observed between gas-phase basicities and ionization energies or substituent constants are recalled. Hydrogen bonding plays a special part i... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199859 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199872&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17471584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cristoni S, Rubini S, Bernardi LR This review regards the recently developed ionization source named surface-activated chemical ionization (SACI) that employs an interaction with a surface placed at low voltage for the activation of the ionization of sample molecules to increase the sensitivity in the analysis of various compounds of biological and clinical interest. These results are due to the strong chemical noise decrease and the increase of ionization efficiency. This ionization source has been employed for the analysis of various compounds of different molecular mass and polarity (addicted and pharmaceutical drugs, amino acids, steroids, peptides, and proteins). The SACI development theoretical mechanism, benefits, disadvantages, applications, and future developments are... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199872 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199871&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17474122%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lill JR, Ingle ES, Liu PS, Pham V, Sandoval WN State-of-the-art proteomic analysis has recently undergone a rapid evolution; with more high-throughput analytical instrumentation and informatic tools available, sample preparation is becoming one of the rate-limiting steps in protein characterization workflows. Recently several protocols have appeared in the literature that employ microwave irradiation as a tool for the preparation of biological samples for subsequent mass spectrometric characterization. Techniques for microwave-assisted bio-catalyzed reactions (including sample reduction and alkylation, enzymatic and chemical digestion, removal and analysis of post-translational modifications and characterization of enzymes and protein-interaction sites) are described. This rev... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199871 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199867&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17492750%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hardouin J Proteins from biological samples are often identified by mass spectrometry (MS) with the two following "bottom-up" approaches: peptide mass fingerprinting or peptide sequence tag. Nevertheless, these strategies are time-consuming (digestion, liquid chromatography step, desalting step), the N- (or C-) terminal information often lacks and post-translational modifications (PTMs) are hardly observed. The in-source decay (ISD) occurring in a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) source appears an interesting analytical tool to obtain N-terminal sequence, to identify proteins and to characterize PTMs by a "top-down" strategy. The goal of this review deals with the usefulness of the ISD technique in MALDI source in proteomics fields. In the first part, the IS... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199867 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199865&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17546675%26dopt%3DAbstract This article parallels the lives of the two men. It describes how they came to work at the Cavendish, their scientific accomplishments and accolades, and their activities and interactions away from the laboratory. PMID: 17546675 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199865 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199864&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17583569%26dopt%3DAbstract The role of mass spectrometry to study the Oklo-Bangombé natural reactors. Mass Spectrom Rev. 2007 Sep-Oct;26(5):683-712 Authors: De Laeter JR, Hidaka H The discovery of the existence of chain reactions at the Oklo natural reactors in Gabon, Central Africa in 1972 was a triumph for the accuracy of mass spectrometric measurements, in that a 0.5% anomaly in the (235)U/(238)U ratio of certain U ore samples indicated a depletion in (235)U. Mass spectrometric techniques thereafter played a dominant role in determining the nuclear parameters of the reactor zones themselves, and in deciphering the geochemical characteristics of various elements in the U-rich ore and in the surrounding rock strata. The variations in the isotopic composition of a large number of elements, caused by... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199864 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199862&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17654491%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Budzikiewicz H PMID: 17654491 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199862 Sat, 01 Sep 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199874&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17471576%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McDonnell LA, Heeren RM Imaging mass spectrometry combines the chemical specificity and parallel detection of mass spectrometry with microscopic imaging capabilities. The ability to simultaneously obtain images from all analytes detected, from atomic to macromolecular ions, allows the analyst to probe the chemical organization of a sample and to correlate this with physical features. The sensitivity of the ionization step, sample preparation, the spatial resolution, and the speed of the technique are all important parameters that affect the type of information obtained. Recently, significant progress has been made in each of these steps for both secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging of biological samples. Example... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199874 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199873&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17471578%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: MacAleese L, Maître P Gas phase mid-infrared spectroscopy of molecular ions can nowadays be performed with high performance mass spectrometers coupled to free electron lasers (FEL). The wide and continuous tunability of highly intense FELs in the mid-infrared region can be exploited for performing infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy of molecular ions. This review will focus on gas phase IRMPD spectroscopic investigations aiming at probing the structure and the reactivity of transition metal complexes. The performance of infrared spectroscopy for characterizing the coordination mode of polydentate ligands and the spin state of the metal will be illustrated. Infrared spectroscopy has also been exploited to probe the reactivity of metal complexes, and ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199873 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199870&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17474124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Turecek F This review deals with copper complexes of a variety of organic and bioorganic molecules that have been produced as gas-phase ions by electrospray and other ionization methods and studied experimentally by mass spectrometry and theoretically by ab initio and density functional theory computations. Ternary complexes of Cu((II)) allow one to modify the oxidation state and coordination sphere of the copper ion and thus induce novel fragmentations that involve redox and radical-based reactions. Structure elucidation, distinction, and quantitation of leucine and isoleucine isomers in peptides, distinction of enantiomers in chiral compounds, and sensitive detection of antibiotics are some of the highlights of mass spectrometry of ternary copper complexes. Binary copper com... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199870 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199869&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17477355%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beyer MK Studying metal ion solvation, especially hydration, in the gas phase has developed into a field that is dominated by a tight interaction between experiment and theory. Since the studied species carry charge, mass spectrometry is an indispensable tool in all experiments. Whereas gas-phase coordination chemistry and reactions of bare metal ions are reasonably well understood, systems containing a larger number of solvent molecules are still difficult to understand. This review focuses on the rich chemistry of hydrated metal ions in the gas phase, covering coordination chemistry, charge separation in multiply charged systems, as well as intracluster and ion-molecule reactions. Key ideas of metal ion solvation in the gas phase are illustrated with rare-gas solvated metal ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199869 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199868&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17492664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mó O, Yáñez M, Salpin JY, Tortajada J In this review, we present a general overview on the studies carried out on Ni(+-)- and Ni(2+)-containing systems in the gas phase since 1996. We have focused our attention in the determination of binding energies in parallel with an analysis of the structure and bonding of the complexes formed by the interaction of Ni(+) with one ligand, or in clusters where this metal ion binds several identical or different ligands. Solvation of Ni(2+) by different ligands is also discussed, together with the theoretical information available of doubly charged Ni-containing species. The final section of this review is devoted to an analysis of the gas-phase uni- and bimolecular reactivity of Ni(+) and Ni(2+) complexes. PMID: 17492664 ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199868 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199866&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17523146%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asmis KR, Sauer J A corner stone in the study of the size-dependent properties of cluster ions in the gas phase is their structural characterization. Over the last 10 years, significant progress has been in this research field because of significant advances in the gas phase vibrational spectroscopy of mass-selected ions. Using a combination of modern experimental and quantum chemical approaches, it is now in most cases possible to uniquely identify the geometric structure of cluster ions, based on the comparison of the experimental and simulated infrared spectra. In this article, we highlight the progress made in this research area by reviewing recent infrared photodissociation (IR-PD) experiments on small and medium sized (up to 30 atoms) vanadium oxide ions. PMID: 17523... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199866 Sun, 01 Jul 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199884&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17160998%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tamvakopoulos C The study of pharmacologically active peptides is central to the understanding of disease and development of novel therapies. It would be advantageous to monitor the fate of bioactive peptides in biological fluids and tissues following their in vivo administration (exogenous administration) or the modulation of endogenous factors (e.g., peptide hormones) affected by the administration of a pharmacological agent. Measurement of administered compounds (small molecules) in plasma is a mature field. However, measurement of pharmacologically active peptides presents particular problems for quantitative mass spectrometry, including challenges from selectivity and sensitivity perspectives. Current approaches towards peptide quantification in biological fluids include ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199884 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199880&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17405133%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Greis KD Robust methods that monitor enzyme activity and inhibitor potency are crucial to drug discovery and development. Over the past 20 years, mass spectrometric methods have increasingly been used to measure enzyme activity and kinetics. However, for rapid screening of inhibitory compounds, various forms of fluorescence and chemiluminscence readout have continued to dominate the market. As the sensitivity, speed, and miniaturization of mass spectrometry methods continue to advance, opportunities to couple mass spectrometry with screening will continue to come to the forefront. To appreciate the tremendous potential for MS-based screening assays, it becomes necessary to understand the current state of capabilities in this arena. Thus, this review is intended to capture how ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199880 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199879&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17405143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang X, Wei D, Yap Y, Li L, Guo S, Chen F Many "omics" techniques have been developed for one goal: biomarker discovery and early diagnosis of human cancers. A comprehensive review of mass spectrometry-based "omics" approaches performed on various biological samples for molecular diagnosis of human cancers is presented in this article. Furthermore, the existing and potential problems/solutions (both de facto experimental and bioinformatic challenges), and future prospects have been extensively discussed. Although the use of present omic methods as diagnostic tools are still in their infant stage and consequently not ready for immediate clinical use, it can be envisaged that the "omics"-based cancer diagnostics will gradually enter into the clinic in next 10 years as an import... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199879 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199878&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17405144%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prakash C, Shaffer CL, Nedderman A With the dramatic increase in the number of new chemical entities (NCEs) arising from combinatorial chemistry and modern high-throughput bioassays, novel bioanalytical techniques are required for the rapid determination of the metabolic stability and metabolites of these NCEs. Knowledge of the metabolic site(s) of the NCEs in early drug discovery is essential for selecting compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic credentials and aiding medicinal chemists in modifying metabolic "soft spots". In development, elucidation of biotransformation pathways of a drug candidate by identifying its circulatory and excretory metabolites is vitally important to understand its physiological effects. Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199878 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199877&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17405153%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Drabik A, Bierczynska-Krzysik A, Bodzon-Kulakowska A, Suder P, Kotlinska J, Silberring J This review provides an outline of the most important proteomic applications in the study of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's (HD), and prion diseases, and also discusses advances in cancer and addiction. One of the scopes is to illustrate the potential of proteomics in the biomarkers discovery of these diseases. Finally, this article comments the advantages and drawbacks of the most commonly used techniques and methods for samples preparation. PMID: 17405153 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199877 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199876&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17407130%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bharti A, Ma PC, Salgia R Lung cancer is a devastating illness with an overall poor prognosis. To effectively address this disease, early detection and novel therapeutics are required. Early detection of lung cancer is challenging, in part because of the lack of adequate tumor biomarkers. The goal of this review is to summarize the knowledge of current biomarkers in lung cancer, with a focus on important serum biomarkers. The current knowledge on the known serum cytokines and tumor biomarkers of lung cancer will be presented. Emerging trends and new findings in the search for novel diagnostic and therapeutic tumor biomarkers using proteomics technologies and platforms are emphasized, including recent advances in mass spectrometry to facilitate tumor biomarker discovery program... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199876 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199875&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17410555%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Srebalus Barnes CA, Lim A Therapeutic proteins produced using recombinant DNA technologies are generally complex, heterogeneous, and subject to a variety of enzymatic or chemical modifications during expression, purification, and long-term storage. The use of mass spectrometry (MS) for the evaluation of recombinant protein sequence and structure provides detailed information regarding amino acid modifications and sequence alterations that have the potential to affect the safety and activity of therapeutic protein products. General MS approaches for the characterization of recombinant therapeutic protein products will be reviewed with particular attention given to the standard MS tools available in most biotechnology laboratories. A number of recent examples will be used to ill... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199875 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1199875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199889&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17043988%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murphy DM This review explores some of the design choices made with single particle mass spectrometers. Different instruments have used various configurations of inlets, particle sizing techniques, ionization lasers, mass spectrometers, and other components. Systematic bias against non-spherical particles probably exceeds a factor of 2 for all instruments. An ionization laser tradeoff is the relatively poor beam quality and reliability of an excimer laser versus the longer wavelengths and slower response time of an Nd-YAG laser. Single particle instruments can make special demands on the speed and dynamic range of the mass spectrometers. This review explains some of the choices made for instruments that were developed for different types of measurements in the atmosphere. Some... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199889 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199887&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17099890%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferguson EE Mass spectrometry played a key role in the development of the understanding of the earth's ionosphere. Of primary importance was its use for in situ atmospheric measurements of the ion and neutral composition of the atmosphere. Mass spectrometry has also played an essential role in the laboratory measurement of critical ionospheric molecular processes. Examples of both are given. PMID: 17099890 [PubMed] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199887 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199886&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17111346%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petrie S, Bohme DK We review the detection history, observation, distribution, and reactivity of molecular ions in extraterrestrial space, with particular (though not exclusive) reference to interstellar monocations. The diversity of interstellar ion chemistry is highlighted with reaction examples, drawn from the authors' own laboratories and elsewhere, and attempt to provide an overview of this broad and increasingly divergent field. Emphasis is given to the role of ions in the synthesis of molecules, including their ability to catalyze the transformation of neutral molecules. PMID: 17111346 [PubMed] (Source: Mass Spectrometry Reviews) Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199886 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199885&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17154155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Gouw J, Warneke C Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) allows real-time measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air with a high sensitivity and a fast time response. The use of PTR-MS in atmospheric research has expanded rapidly in recent years, and much has been learned about the instrument response and specificity of the technique in the analysis of air from different regions of the atmosphere. This paper aims to review the progress that has been made. The theory of operation is described and allows the response of the instrument to be described for different operating conditions. More accurate determinations of the instrument response involve calibrations using standard mixtures, and some results are shown. Much has been learned about the spec... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199885 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1199883&cid=s_36814_67_f&fid=36814&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17216629%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here a summary of some of the efforts that have been made in the laboratory to understand the processes responsible for chemical processing of the primary ions formed in Titan's ionosphere, into the ions observed by in situ sampling. The presence of significant hydrocarbons and the colder temperatures of Titan's ionosphere lead to a much greater complexity in the ion chemistry of Titan than is apparent in the ion chemistry of Earth. A review of all the ion-molecule chemistry investigated in laboratory studies relevant to Titan is included as a table. The complexity of some of the hydrocarbon ion structures formed in just three reactive ion-molecule sequences from the primary ions has required a new experimental methodology which is discussed. PMID: 17216629 [PubMed] (Source: ... Mass Spectrometry Reviews journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1199883 Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1199883