MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Nutrition in Clinical Practice' source. Fri, 19 Mar 2010 15:58:45 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247580&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 20130151 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247580 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247579&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130152%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chan LN PMID: 20130152 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247579 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247578&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130153%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Skipper A PMID: 20130153 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247578 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247577&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ukleja A Gastrointestinal (GI) motility disturbances are common in critically ill patients. GI tract dysmotility has been linked to increased permeability of intestinal mucosa and bacterial translocation, contributing to systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A key issue in providing nutrition to critically ill patients is intolerance of enteral feeding as a result of impaired GI motility. Remarkable progress has been made in the understanding of the regulation of GI motility in critical illness. Predominant motility abnormalities seen in ICU patients include antral hypomotility, delayed gastric emptying, and reduced migrating motor complexes. The diagnosis of motility disturbances can be challenging to establish in critically... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247577 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247576&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fraser RJ, Bryant L Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients, and providing enteral feeding to those who cannot eat is considered best practice. Enteral feeding is often unsuccessful when there is delayed gastric emptying. Recent research has given additional insight into the mechanisms underlying delayed gastric emptying. Pharmacological strategies to improve the success of feeding include prokinetic drugs such as metoclopramide and erythromycin alone or in combination. When drug treatment fails, either parenteral nutrition or direct small intestinal feeding is indicated. Simpler methods to access the duodenum and distal small bowel for feed delivery are under investigation. This review summarizes current understanding of the mechanisms underly... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247576 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247575&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Btaiche IF, Chan LN, Pleva M, Kraft MD Critically ill patients who are subjected to high stress or with severe injury can rapidly break down their body protein and energy stores. Unless adequate nutrition is provided, malnutrition and protein wasting may occur, which can negatively affect patient outcome. Enteral nutrition (EN) is the mainstay of nutrition support therapy in patients with a functional gastrointestinal (GI) tract who cannot take adequate oral nutrition. EN in critically ill patients provides the benefits of maintaining gut functionality, integrity, and immunity as well as decreasing infectious complications. However, the ability to provide timely and adequate EN to critically ill patients is often hindered by GI motility disorders and complications associated w... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247575 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247574&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Doley J Despite our knowledge of how to prevent pressure ulcers, and improvements in treatment, pressure ulcers remain prevalent and impose a significant burden on financial and labor resources in the healthcare industry. Although there is no known role for specific nutrients in the prevention of pressure ulcers, undernutrition is a risk factor, and nutrition therapy plays a crucial role in pressure ulcer treatment. Limitations in research make it difficult to develop evidence-based nutrition guidelines, so it is important that clinicians conduct a comprehensive assessment that includes weight and intake history, biochemical data, and comorbidities as well as symptoms that may affect the intake, absorption, or excretion of nutrients. These data, combined with clinical judgment... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247574 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247573&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stechmiller JK Optimal wound healing requires adequate nutrition. Nutrition deficiencies impede the normal processes that allow progression through stages of wound healing. Malnutrition has also been related to decreased wound tensile strength and increased infection rates. Malnourished patients can develop pressure ulcers, infections, and delayed wound healing that result in chronic nonhealing wounds. Chronic wounds are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for many patients and therefore constitute a serious clinical concern. Because most patients with chronic skin ulcers suffer micronutrient status alterations and malnutrition to some degree, current nutrition therapies are aimed at correcting nutrition deficiencies responsible for delayed wound healing. This revie... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247573 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247572&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130159%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal growth failure is not an inevitable consequence of premature birth. The clinical evidence supports previous nutrient recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics. Promptly providing premature infants with parenteral nutrition, including calories greater than the basal energy requirement, can produce postnatal growth that remains above the 10th percentile of intrauterine growth. PMID: 20130159 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247572 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247572 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247571&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: , Delegge M, Wooley JA, Guenter P, Wright S, Brill J, Andris D, Wagner P, Filibeck D, PMID: 20130160 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247571 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247570&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mullin GE, Clarke JO PMID: 20130161 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247570 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247570 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247569&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kutlu A, Oztürk S, Taskapan O, Onem Y, Kiralp MZ, Ozçakar L PMID: 20130162 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247569 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247569 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3247568&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20130163%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 20130163 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3247568 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3247568 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060190&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955543%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19955543 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060190 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060189&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955544%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the rationale for use of modified enteral formulas in both chronic and acute pulmonary disease, reviews the available studies evaluating the efficacy of these formulas, and provides overall recommendations for the use of specialized enteral formulas in individuals with pulmonary disease. PMID: 19955544 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060189 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060188&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955545%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leinum CJ, Dopp JM, Morgan BJ Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a medical condition that has increasingly recognized adverse health effects. Obesity is the primary risk factor for the development of SDB and contributes to cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities in this population. However, accumulating evidence suggests that SDB may be related to the development of these abnormalities independent of obesity. Periodic apneas and hypopneas during sleep result in intermittent hypoxemia, arousals, and sleep disturbances. These pathophysiologic characteristics of SDB are likely mechanisms underlying cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities including hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, altered adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance, and glucose int... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060188 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060187&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955546%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cranganu A, Camporeale J Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer, and is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Notable carcinogens involved in the development of lung cancer include smoking, secondhand smoke, and radon. Lung cancer is divided into 2 major types: non-small-cell lung cancer, the most prevalent, and small-cell lung cancer. Treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or a combination of the same. Medical nutrition therapy is often required for nutrition-related side effects of cancer treatment, which include but are not limited to anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and esophagitis. The best protection against lung cancer is avoidance of airborne carcinogens and increased consumption of fruits and vege... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060187 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060186&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955547%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guarneri M, Mercado N, Suhar C In the United States, $2.5 trillion is spent on healthcare annually. Seven chronic diseases account for half of all this expense. Of these 7, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, and diabetes mellitus are largely preventable. Integrative cardiology programs that focus on risk-factor modification through lifestyle change combined with early detection and advanced lipid management offer a new paradigm to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. PMID: 19955547 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060186 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060185&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gura KM Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) is often viewed as the stepchild of parenteral nutrition (PN) infused via a central venous catheter. Anecdotal reports suggest that there has been increased interest in PPN in the United States and even more so in Europe because of improvements in catheter design and infusion technology, both of which have the potential to decrease complications such as infusion phlebitis. PPN, like PN via a central venous catheter, contains dextrose, amino acids, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals, but in more limited capacity. One of the perceived benefits of PPN is the relative ease in establishing peripheral access, which may prevent delays in establishing nutrition support. PPN is intended for short-term use or supplementation. In most insta... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060185 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060184&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955549%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In this study, sliding-scale NPH insulin was demonstrated to be a safe and effective management strategy for blood glucose control in continuously tube-fed patients; NPH insulin resulted in better blood glucose control compared with insulin aspart. PMID: 19955549 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060184 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060183&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955550%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous enteral access device placement in obese patients is generally safe, and a body mass index >/=30 kg/m(2) alone should not be a procedural contraindication. Adherence to safe enteral access placement techniques and close periprocedure follow-up should occur in obese patients, especially those weighing >250 pounds (>113 kg). More research is needed to fully evaluate the efficacy of enteral access in this population. PMID: 19955550 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060183 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060182&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955551%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The incidence of inappropriate PN prescription was low when NSTs were closely involved in patient care. Availability of written guidelines and continuous oversight of NSTs promoted appropriate PN usage. PMID: 19955551 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060182 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060181&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955552%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The physical stability of iron sucrose in PN is time and concentration dependent. Concentrations >0.25 mg/dL showed increasing particulate and should not be added to PN. However, iron sucrose is chemically stable in PN solutions. PMID: 19955552 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060181 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3060180&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19955553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mullin GE, Turnbull LK, Kines K PMID: 19955553 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3060180 Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3060180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915494&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841241%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19841241 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915494 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915493&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841242%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Seres DS PMID: 19841242 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915493 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915492&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841243%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mullin GE PMID: 19841243 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915492 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915491&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841244%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kiefer D, Pitluk J, Klunk K Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), more recently known as integrative health or integrative medicine, is a diverse field comprising numerous treatments and practitioners of various levels of training. This review defines several of the main CAM modalities and reviews some of the research relevant to their clinical application. The goal is to provide healthcare providers with a basic understanding of CAM to start the incorporation of proven treatments into their clinical practice as well as guide them to working with CAM providers; ultimately, such knowledge is a fundamental part of a collaborative approach to optimal patient health and wellness. PMID: 19841244 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915491 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915490&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841245%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Potenza MV, Mechanick JI The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic derangements that are associated with primary disturbances in adipose tissue. Abnormal visceral fat accumulates from physical inactivity and excess calories in genetically susceptible individuals. This increased adipocyte mass acts as an endocrine organ and communicates with other organ systems via increases in inflammatory cytokines. The resulting disorders define MS as increased waist circumference, decreased serum high-density lipoprotein, and increased serum triglyceride levels, hypertension, and insulin resistance. MS accounts for the majority of cardiovascular disease risk in the U.S. population. Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet, have been shown to improve these metabolic ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915490 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915490 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915489&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841246%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mark JD Asthma in children and young adults is a complex disease with many different phenotypic expressions. Diagnosis is often made based on history and lung function including measuring airway reversibility. However, in children younger than 6 years of age, the diagnosis is more difficult because many children wheeze in the first 4-6 years of life, especially with viral infections. For those children, asthma treatment is often started empirically. Those who go on to develop chronic asthma most likely have a genetic predisposition and exposure to various environmental factors resulting in chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. There are established national guidelines for diagnosing and treating asthma in children and adults. For persistent asthma, it is recomme... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915489 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915488&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841247%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lloyd KB, Hornsby LB Women often seek alternative treatment options such as herbs, dietary supplements, and vitamins and minerals to treat women's health issues across the lifespan. Women may use complementary and alternative supplements for dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, infertility, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, and symptoms of menopause. In general, there is a deficit of well-designed, randomized, controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative medicine for these indications, which makes it difficult to provide evidence-based recommendations. This review outlines the evidence for efficacy and safety that is currently available for dietary supplement use by women to manage health conditions specific to the female patient. ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915488 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915487&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sorkness RL Complementary and alternative medicine is used commonly for respiratory diseases. This review summarizes data that identify potential links between dietary intake and asthma, and results of interventional trials of herbal substances for the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute bronchitis. PMID: 19841248 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915487 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915486&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841249%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hardy G, Puzovic M Intravenous lipid emulsions (IVLE) are an important source of energy and essential fatty acids and their incorporation into pediatric and adult parenteral nutrition (PN) regimens has revolutionized nutrition therapy. However, their clinical use has not been without risk, and will continue to remain so because of the intravenous route of administration. Pharmaceutical and microbiological concerns are centered around the methods of compounding all-in-one (AIO) admixtures, but these can be largely minimized with today's technologies and advanced understanding of aseptic principles. Modern lipid products, based on olive, coconut, and/or fish oils, have demonstrable formulation and clinical benefits over traditional soybean and safflower IVLE and, when combined i... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915486 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915484&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841250%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions. NHRs receiving EN were mainly afflicted with neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, functional impairments, and a high incidence of pressure sores. The mortality rate was low compared with others reported in literature. The low EN use among NHRs in our study may suggest a limited use in advanced dementia and at end-stage of life. PMID: 19841250 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915484 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915483&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841251%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mullin GE, Turnbull L, Kines K, Mullin GE PMID: 19841251 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915483 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2915482&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19841252%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zemel BS PMID: 19841252 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2915482 Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2915482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614195&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605795%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McClave SA PMID: 19605795 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614195 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:29 +0100 2614195 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614194&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605796%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Van Way CW PMID: 19605796 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614194 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:27 +0100 2614194 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614193&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605797%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dudrick SJ PMID: 19605797 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614193 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:25 +0100 2614193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614192&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605798%26dopt%3DAbstract This article is an overview of United States Pharmacopeia Chapter <797>, with special emphasis on parenteral nutrition. PMID: 19605798 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614192 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:22 +0100 2614192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614191&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605799%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mirtallo JM, Hawksworth K, Payne B Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a complex therapy that requires expertise and experience to avoid errors in prescribing and management. Because of care coordination issues, one medical center has developed and implemented a Web-based application to manage PN patients. PN orders have already been programmed into the physician order entry system, but the nutrition support service (NSS) consult and daily PN management have been performed using paper forms. The Web system is developed for ease of use by clinicians and accessibility at any computer within the medical center. The database consists of 12 tables interrelated by the patient medical record number, admission number, or location. The NSS consult is the main table used to navigate to the oth... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614191 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:20 +0100 2614191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614190&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605800%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miller SJ Two-compartment premixed parenteral nutrition (PN) products are heavily promoted in the United States. These products may present safety advantages over PN solutions mixed by a local pharmacy, although clinical data to support this assertion are scarce. Multicompartment products can be labor-saving for pharmacy and therefore may be cost-effective for some institutions. Before adopting such products for use, an institution must determine that standardized PN solutions are acceptable for many or most of their patients compared with customized PN compounded specifically for individual patients. A larger selection of premixed products is available in Europe and some other parts of the world compared with the United States. Availability of a broader selection of products ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614190 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:18 +0100 2614190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614189&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605801%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fuhrman MP Intradialytic parenteral nutrition and intraperitoneal nutrition are methods to provide supplemental nutrition support to patients with chronic kidney disease (also referred to as end-stage renal disease) while they are receiving dialytic therapy. There has been considerable controversy over indications and benefits of intradialytic parenteral nutrition and intraperitoneal nutrition. A major stumbling block had been problematic reimbursement for the therapy under Medicare. Medicare Part D has alleviated some of the reimbursement obstacles and has increased interest in reexamining the benefits and burdens of supplemental nutrition support therapies for patients receiving dialysis. PMID: 19605801 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614189 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:15 +0100 2614189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614188&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605802%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews the available literature on parenteral nutrition in children and provides suggestions on prevention and management of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease. Some of the issues discussed in this article include glucose infusion rates, cycling of parenteral nutrition, copper and manganese toxicity, and the provision of glutamine, selenium, and carnitine. PMID: 19605802 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614188 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:13 +0100 2614188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614187&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605803%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Waitzberg DL, Torrinhas RS Current evidence indicates that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid found in fish oil, can prevent the development of inflammatory diseases by affecting different steps of the immune response. The capacity of omega-3 PUFAs to modulate synthesis of eicosanoids, activity of nuclear receptor and nuclear transcription factors, and production of resolvins may also mitigate inflammatory processes already present. Parenteral infusion of omega-3 PUFAs is advantageous, particularly in severely ill patients, because the fatty acids are rapidly incorporated by cells. In addition, when fatty acids are given parenterally, there are no losses from digestion and absorption as there are with entera... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614187 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:10 +0100 2614187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614186&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605804%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The definition of quality criteria and their standards is an efficient method of providing a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the clinical care of patients receiving PN. It detects areas for improvement and assists in developing a methodology to work efficiently. PMID: 19605804 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614186 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:08 +0100 2614186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614185&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19605805%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huhmann MB, August DA This review article, the second in a series of articles to examine the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) Guidelines for the Use of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition in Adult and Pediatric Patients, evaluates the evidence related to the use of nutrition support in surgical oncology patients. Cancer patients develop complex nutrition issues. Nutrition support may be indicated in malnourished cancer patients undergoing surgery, depending on individual patient characteristics. As with the first article in this series, this article provides background concerning nutrition issues in cancer patients, as well as discusses the role of nutrition support in the care of surgical cancer patients. The goal of this review is to enrich the... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614185 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 16:26:05 +0100 2614185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2561952&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19564627%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The frequency of hyperglycemia in non-ICU PN patients is high according to either evaluation criterion. A method is described for using events to characterize hyperglycemia, which may be more useful than traditional methods in clinical decision making and identification of need for process improvements. These data suggest the need to develop better methods for BG control in non-ICU PN patients. (Nutr Clin Pract. XXXX;xx:xx-xx). PMID: 19564627 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2561952 Sun, 28 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2561952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536707&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483059%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moore FA, Moore EE PMID: 19483059 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536707 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536706&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483060%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McClave SA, Heyland DK Provision of enteral nutrition (EN) to critically ill patients early upon admission to the intensive care unit exerts a beneficial physiologic effect that downregulates systemic immune responses, reduces oxidative stress, and improves patient outcome. Adding specific pharmaconutrient agents to EN in certain patient populations has a synergistic effect, magnifying the degree of this favorable physiologic response. In contrast, failure to provide enteral nutrients creates a physiologic profile that exacerbates oxidative stress and increases the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Unfortunately, parenteral nutrition (PN) in the form and manner currently provided in North America does not appear to mimic the same physiologic response seen with EN. In th... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536706 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536705&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483061%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koretz RL Those who read the medical literature should understand the principles of evidence-based medicine. Even randomized trials can contain design or interpretative flaws that allow bias to produce, or exaggerate the size of, beneficial effects. Such problems beset the literature of enteral nutrition (EN). Investigators who have compared EN with parenteral nutrition (PN) have alleged that EN produces fewer adverse events, but such studies do not assess the absolute value of either therapy, and data exist suggesting that PN causes net harm. Trials comparing EN with no nutrition therapy have not yielded convincing evidence of efficacy because the study designs have failed to use methods to prevent bias from interfering with the observations. This same problem exists with tri... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536705 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536704&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483062%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guenter P, Hicks RW, Simmons D Enteral misconnections are defined as inadvertent connections between enteral feeding systems and nonenteral systems such as intravascular lines, peritoneal dialysis catheters, tracheostomy tube cuffs, medical gas tubing, and so on. Sentinel event data and causative factors are outlined along with potential solutions to prevent such medical errors. The solutions can be grouped into 3 areas: (1) education, awareness, and human factors; (2) purchasing strategies; and (3) design changes. Updates on safety innovations and programs are presented. PMID: 19483062 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536704 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536703&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483063%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brantley SL In developing the evidence-based Enteral Nutrition Practice Recommendations, the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.) formed a task force to address the many aspects of safety in the delivery and provision of enteral nutrition support. This recently published document provides healthcare professionals with recommendations that are derived from evidence-based practice. The development and use of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is a recent, significant contribution for the dissemination of evidence-based medicine. This involves the review of scientific literature along with clinical skill and knowledge to generate specific recommendations assisting healthcare providers and patients with decisions regarding appropriate healthcare. A p... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536703 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536702&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483064%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen Y, Peterson SJ In the last few decades, there has been tremendous advancement in the area of enteral nutrition formulas. Enteral nutrition makes it possible to provide important substrates for those who cannot or will not meet daily requirements via oral intake but who have an intact digestive system. Numerous enteral nutrition formulas are currently available, with a large portion of them targeting specific disease conditions, thus making it a daunting task at times for a clinician to sort through all the possibilities and decide on the most appropriate formula. This review provides a close examination of various enteral formula categories and presents proposed mechanisms of specialized ingredients, followed by a thorough evidence-based analysis of existing literature be... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536702 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536701&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483065%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Joeckel RJ, Phillips SK Because every child has individual needs, there are a variety of infant and pediatric formulas from which to choose. Not only are there several categories of formulas including milk protein-based, soy protein-based, hydrolyzed protein, and amino acid-based, but there are differences between products within each category. Research is being done in the area of formula design for the prevention or treatment of disease. In this article, the authors review types of formulas and their indications for use for infants and children, and review current literature on formula trends. PMID: 19483065 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536701 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536700&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483066%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Groh-Wargo S, Sapsford A The delivery of a preterm baby is a nutrition emergency. Growth and the accumulation of nutrient reserves are higher during the third trimester of pregnancy than at any other time during the life cycle. Enteral nutrition is the preferred mode of support and human milk the preferred source of enteral nutrition. Human milk is highly digestible and contains many anti-infective components, which confer a lower risk of infection. The mother of a preterm infant requires education, equipment, and encouragement to successfully initiate and sustain lactation. Human milk requires nutrient fortification to meet the protein and mineral needs of the rapidly growing preterm infant. Commercial human milk fortifiers are available. If human milk is unavailable or the v... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536700 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536699&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483067%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mehta NM The pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) environment poses unique challenges to achieving enteral nutrition (EN) goals for the critically ill child. Nutrition support in the PICU is often in conflict with the complexity of care provided to acutely ill children. A significant proportion of eligible patients do not receive optimal enteral nutrition for avoidable reasons. Early institution of EN is recommended and the gastric route is preferred because of ease of administration and reduced costs compared with the transpyloric route. In patients with poor gastric emptying or in cases where a trial of gastric feeding has failed, transpyloric or postpyloric feeding may be used to decrease the risk of aspiration and to improve enteral feed tolerance. However, there is no evi... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536699 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536698&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483068%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In patients who undergo GI surgery and receive nutritional supplements after discharge from hospital, little evidence of clinical benefit was found, principally through lack of robust data. All the studies were under-powered or not specifically designed to show benefit during this period. It is recommended that nutritional supplements be offered to malnourished patients or those at high risk of poor dietary intake at discharge from hospital. PMID: 19483068 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536698 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536697&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483069%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ney DM, Weiss JM, Kind AJ, Robbins J The risk for disordered oropharyngeal swallowing (dysphagia) increases with age. Loss of swallowing function can have devastating health implications, including dehydration, malnutrition, pneumonia, and reduced quality of life. Age-related changes increase risk for dysphagia. First, natural, healthy aging takes its toll on head and neck anatomy and physiologic and neural mechanisms underpinning swallowing function. This progression of change contributes to alterations in the swallowing in healthy older adults and is termed presbyphagia, naturally diminishing functional reserve. Second, disease prevalence increases with age, and dysphagia is a comorbidity of many age-related diseases and/or their treatments. Sensory changes, medication, sarc... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536697 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536696&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19483070%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The use of a spoon-thick consistency reduced the risk of aspiration compared with the liquid consistency. Clinical assessment was useful to predict aspiration, although the probability of dysphagia in the presence of a negative clinical assessment (29%) is a reason for concern. PMID: 19483070 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536696 Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536708&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19461006%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that consuming 960 mg/d of EPA and 600 mg/d of DHA can lower CRP. (Nutr Clin Pract. XXXX;xx:xx-xx). PMID: 19461006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536708 Wed, 20 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2536709&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19407141%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to assess whether reducing the timeframe for steady-state conditions to 2, 3, or 4 minutes when using indirect calorimetry was significantly different from the widely accepted 5-minute steady-state protocol in patients recovering from traumatic brain injury. Indirect calorimetry using an open-circuit calorimeter was used to measure resting energy expenditure in 20 spontaneously breathing patients with traumatic brain injury. Each patient underwent repeated measurements once per day at various stages of his or her recovery. Bland-Altman methods comparison was used for statistical analysis. In total, 124 measurements were recorded, of which 59% met 5-minute, 70% met 4-minute, 76% met 3-minute, and 84% met 2-minute steady-state conditions. Mean within-patient coefficient of v... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2536709 Wed, 29 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2536709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312540&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321891%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chernoff R PMID: 19321891 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312540 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312540 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312538&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321892%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marian M, Sacks G The aging population worldwide is increasing. Although many older adults are living longer, healthier lives, aging is also associated with a variety of physiologic and psychological changes that influence nutrition status and the need for medical care. Many factors increase the risk for poor nutrient intake among older adults. Suboptimal micronutrient intake for particular vitamins and minerals is reported to be common. PMID: 19321892 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312538 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312538 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312536&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321893%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fuhrman MP The increasing numbers of older (>65 years) Americans will increase the demand for home health services including support services (nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, durable medical equipment, and respiratory therapy), infusion therapies, palliative care, and hospice. The unique characteristics and specific needs of this population must be addressed to optimize patient outcomes. The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition has established standards for clinicians providing nutrition support in the home and provides practice guidelines for nutrition support and geriatrics. Certification in gerontological care is available for dietitians, pharmacists, physicians, and nurses. The key to optimal care for older adults is to find the conflue... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312536 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312536 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312534&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321894%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Monturo C Debate over withdrawal or withholding of artificial nutrition appeared a distant discussion until the furor over the Schiavo case and a Papal Allocation reignited this ethical dilemma. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the bioethical opinion regarding artificial nutrition, as published in the Hastings Center Report from 1971 until 2007. A clinical and religious history of the evolution and use of artificial nutrition prefaces the review containing common themes and categories framed within a chronology of bioethical and legal events. Finally, an interpretative philosophical discussion is offered on the resurgence of the ethical dilemma concerning withdrawal or withholding of artificial nutrition. Through a combination of classic content analysis a... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312534 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312532&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321895%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Delegge MH Dementia is a common diagnosis and accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. In the United States, the practice of medicine commonly dictated that dementia patients with dysphagia should receive a feeding tube. A review of the evidence in 1999 was completed to understand the validity of the premise of an improvement in a dementia patient's survival, quality of life, malnutrition, and comorbid diseases with tube feeding. The available literature reviewed was sparse. The retrospective and prospective observational studies noted no improvement in the above-mentioned outcomes in dementia patients with the use of tube feeding. Interestingly, a recent retrospective review denoted that dementia patients had no worse survival than patients with other diseases receiv... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312532 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312530&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321896%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: von Drygalski A, Andris DA Bariatric surgery for morbid obesity is rapidly gaining popularity. Restrictive and/or malabsorptive surgical interventions result in dramatic weight loss with significantly decreased obesity-related morbidity and mortality. Anemia, which may affect as many as two-thirds of these patients, is of concern and generally thought to be caused by iron deficiency. Although iron deficiency in this population may be frequent given pouch hypoacidity, defunctionalized small bowel, and red meat intolerance, it may not account for all anemias seen. First, there is increasing evidence that obesity creates a state of chronic inflammation. Both iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic inflammation present with low serum iron levels. Most studies reporting anemia... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312530 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312528&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321897%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Minocha A Gut flora and probiotics have potential to affect health and disease far beyond the gut. There is increasing evidence that probiotics have beneficial effects in preventing a wide range of conditions and improving health. Randomized, double-blind studies have provided evidence of the effectiveness of probiotics for preventing various diarrheal illnesses as well as allergic disorders. Evidence for their efficacy for use in the prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections is also mounting. In addition, probiotics may be useful for preventing respiratory infections, dental caries, necrotizing enterocolitis, and certain aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. Data also suggest that probiotics may promote good health in day care and work sett... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312528 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312526&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321898%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the importance of nutrition and metabolic support for the neonate undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and the immediate postoperative nutrition needs of such a patient. Also, this article uses a case study to examine the feeding methodology used at one particular institution after neonatal cardiac surgery. The purpose of the case study is to provide an illustration of the many factors and obstacles that clinicians often face in the provision and timing of nutrition support. PMID: 19321898 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312526 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312524&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321899%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Davidson PG, Touger-Decker R Oropharyngeal cancer is associated with lifestyle factors, including tobacco use, dietary habits, and alcohol consumption. Oropharyngeal cancers are one of the 10 most common types of cancers worldwide, and it is estimated that oropharyngeal cancers will have affected 30,990 men and women in the United States with a total of 7430 deaths in 2008. The National Cancer Institute defines chemoprevention as "the use of drugs, vitamins, or other agents to try to reduce the risk of, or delay the development or reccurrence of, cancer." Chemopreventive agents such as antioxidants are derived from dietary sources, including fruits and vegetables. This review addresses the chemopreventive role of dietary intake of fruits and vegetables in the development of or... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312524 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312522&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321900%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moreira TV, McQuiggan M Critically ill patients may experience delayed gastric emptying. Patients receiving enteral feeding are monitored closely to detect a delay of gastric emptying, assess feeding tolerance, and prevent aspiration pneumonia. The most common practice for assessing gastric emptying is to measure the aspirated gastric residual volume; however, this is an unreliable method that lacks standardization, fails to differentiate normal digestive secretions from enteral formula, and results in unnecessary interruptions of enteral nutrition. The aim of this review is to identify an alternative method to assess gastric emptying, which should be reliable, sensitive, harmless, feasible, and inexpensive. Several techniques are discussed: scintigraphy, paracetamol absorptio... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312522 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312520&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321901%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Age and ASA physical status are risk factors for malnutrition. In patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, NRS 2002 predicted development of complications better than the SGA. Malnutrition also increased length of hospital stay. PMID: 19321901 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312520 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2312518&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19321902%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Follow-up data provide further evidence that the "cut and push" method is a safe and cost-effective method for removing 15 Fr PEG tubes in adult patients and that an abdominal radiograph is not routinely required. PMID: 19321902 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2312518 Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2312518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2228037&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chong VH PMID: 19244155 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2228037 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2228037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223586&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19244143 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223586 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223585&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244144%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sherman PM, Ossa JC, Johnson-Henry K Probiotics are defined as living organisms that, when administered in sufficient numbers, are of benefit to the host. Current evidence indicates that varying probiotic strains mediate their effects by a variety of different effects that are dependent on the dosage employed as well as the route and frequency of delivery. Some probiotics act in the lumen of the gut by elaborating antibacterial molecules such as bacteriocins; others enhance the mucosal barrier by increasing the production of innate immune molecules, including goblet cell-derived mucins and trefoil factors and defensins produced by intestinal Paneth cells; and other probiotics mediate their beneficial effects by promoting adaptive immune responses (secretory immune globulin A, ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223585 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223584&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244145%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Imhoff A, Karpa K Due to morbidity, mortality, and high costs associated with eradicating Clostridium difficile once this organism causes colitis, this bacterium has been termed one of the most ecologically relevant microorganisms of the present day. Symptoms associated with C. difficile diarrhea often first present during or shortly after a course of antibiotic therapy. During the past 5 years, the virulence of this organism has increased. C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD) has reached epidemic proportions in some hospital settings, prompting Medicare to propose adding CDAD to the list of hospital-acquired conditions for which reimbursements may be cut. Thus, it is imperative that effective preventive strategies be implemented in hospitals to decrease CDAD infections. It ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223584 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223583&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244146%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rohde CL, Bartolini V, Jones N Antimicrobials are effective agents used to combat virulent bacterial, yeast, and fungal infections that may otherwise cause rampant disease leading to skyrocketing social/economic costs and possible epidemic morbidity and mortality rates. Antibiotics are designed to attack specific bacterial pathogens but, in the process, indiscreetly reduce the number of beneficial human microbiota that is part of the gut-associated lymphatic tissue. Broad-spectrum antibiotics can upset this uniquely balanced gut ratio, allowing pathogens to propagate in a largely unrestrained environment, which may result in antibiotic-induced diarrhea. Critical illness, age, immunosuppression, exposure to nosocomial microorganisms, and the length of hospitalization are additi... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223583 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223582&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244147%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the rationale and reviews the existing clinical data regarding the role of probiotics in the management of diverticular disease. PMID: 19244147 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223582 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223581&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244148%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koretz RL It has been proposed that probiotics can favorably influence the course of critically ill patients. To address this question, a limited systematic review was undertaken (MEDLINE search for articles published in English) to identify randomized, controlled trials that compared a group of critically ill patients taking probiotics with a group that did not. Ten such trials, mostly with high risks of methodologic bias, were identified. When the data were combined, the probiotics did not appear to influence mortality or duration of hospitalization. However, the recipients of the probiotics had fewer infectious episodes (absolute risk difference-21%). This effect was seen particularly in trials employing one combination of probiotic agents (Pediococcus pentosaceus, Leuconos... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223581 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223580&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244149%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wallace B Probiotics are live microorganisms that produce a benefit to the host when provided in adequate amounts from food or supplements. There is an increased interest in the use of probiotics in the management and treatment of complex medical conditions. Recommendations for probiotic supplementation in the pediatric population are often conflicting due to limited research in many pediatric disease states. Research on single and multistrain probiotics has shown promise for some pediatric populations. This review discusses the research available for probiotic supplementation for children with irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, diarrhea, short bowel syndrome, human immunodeficiency virus, and food allergies. Probiotic safety also is discussed. PMID: 19244149 [PubM... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223580 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223579&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244150%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dunn SP, Bleske B, Dorsch M, Macaulay T, Van Tassell B, Vardeny O Nutrition impairment commonly occurs in patients with heart failure and affects disease progression. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are associated with early mortality, particularly in patients classified as cachectic. Guideline-based therapies approved for heart failure, such as loop diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone antagonists, and beta-adrenergic blockers, can lead to electrolyte abnormalities and predispose to some vitamin and micronutrient deficits. Clinical trial evidence in support of supplementary vitamin and mineral therapies for heart failure patients is limited with the exception of documented calcium and possibly vitamin D, thiamine,... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223579 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223578&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Danner E, Joeckel R, Michalak S, Phillips S, Goday PS Growth velocity assessment is a means for tracking growth in infants and children over time. With the revision of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts in 2000 and the introduction of the World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts in 2006, there is a need for an updated growth velocity reference to provide data that better align with these current charts. In this article, the authors provide data on weight velocity for males and females from birth through 20 years using the WHO data and the revised CDC data. Weight velocity charts can be especially useful when patients are seen within short time intervals and can be used to set weight goals for children requiring nutrition support and for chi... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223578 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223577&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244152%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: These findings do not support a significant effect of psyllium fiber supplementation on ADMA. PMID: 19244152 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223577 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223577 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223576&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244153%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Smoking was independently associated with poor nutrition status in hospitalized patients. This may partly explain the poor clinical outcome associated with smoking. PMID: 19244153 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223576 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223575&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244154%26dopt%3DAbstract This article discusses the role, mechanism, and the available updated evidence supporting use of this treatment to induce and maintain remission of Crohn's disease. It also highlights the importance of the team approach in achieving success using this treatment. Future research-related topics are briefly summarized. PMID: 19244154 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223575 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223574&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chong VH PMID: 19244155 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223574 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2223573&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19244156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kejariwal D, Bromley D, Miao Y PMID: 19244156 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2223573 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2223573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2011879&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferguson M, Isenring E, Bauer J, Banks M, Capra S PMID: 19033227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2011879 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2011879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992175&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033215%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tappenden KA PMID: 19033215 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992175 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:02:05 +0100 1992175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992174&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033216%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goday P PMID: 19033216 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992174 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:02:02 +0100 1992174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992173&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033217%26dopt%3DAbstract This article provides an overview of ASD and the GFCF diet, a summary and critique of current research findings, recommendations for future research, and practical advice for families to use in deciding if a trial of the GFCF diet is in the best interest of their child and family. PMID: 19033217 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992173 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:58 +0100 1992173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992172&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033218%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zupec-Kania BA, Spellman E Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological condition in the world, with an estimated prevalence of 1% of the population. The highest incidence occurs in childhood and in the elderly, with lower levels in early adulthood. Traditional epilepsy management includes pharmacological treatment, epilepsy surgery, and vagal nerve stimulation. Despite these therapies, 25% of children continue to have uncontrolled seizures. The ketogenic diet (KD), which has been in use since 1921, is a treatment option for many of these children. A meta-analysis of 19 studies with a combined sample of 1084 pediatric patients was completed in 1998 by Blue Cross Blue Shield. Estimates of the overall efficacy of the KD in controlling seizures were reported as follows: 16% b... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992172 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:53 +0100 1992172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992171&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033219%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mascarenhas MR, Meyers R, Konek S The nutrition care of children who are neurologically impaired is a challenge for the nutrition care team. Many factors should be considered in the assessment and development of a nutrition plan. That these children can have significant abnormalities in nutrition status, growth, and body composition should be kept in mind. Energy needs are often hard to assess. For this reason, monitoring of weight status over time provides the best indicator of energy requirements. Protein needs are not increased for the healthy child who is neurologically impaired. Nutrition rehabilitation usually corrects micronutrient deficiencies when they are found. Nutrition assessment is a key component of the care of these children. Height assessment can be difficult,... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992171 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:51 +0100 1992171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992170&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033220%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cook AM, Peppard A, Magnuson B The provision of adequate nutrition support for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a clinical challenge for decades. The primary and secondary injuries create unique metabolic derangements along with accompanying issues such as optimal timing and route of nutrition, appropriate fluid and electrolytes, drug administration, rehabilitation, and dysphagia. Enteral nutrition is clearly established as the preferential route of nutrition support for this population vs parenteral nutrition. There appears to be a consensus on early initiation of enteral nutrition, but less definitive are recommendations on advancement timing and formula components. Nutrition therapies should include exact fluid resuscitation goals specific for TBI and str... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992170 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:42 +0100 1992170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992169&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033221%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Children undergoing HSCT who receive nutrition support (predominantly parenteral nutrition), experience ARF, and require RRT are at risk for hypervitaminosis A and toxicity. PMID: 19033221 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992169 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:32 +0100 1992169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992168&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033222%26dopt%3DAbstract This study determined whether nutrition outcomes of neonates who were receiving neonatal intensive care were improved with the implementation of a fully functioning multidisciplinary team that included a registered dietitian. A medical record review was conducted of neonates with birth weights of 1500 g or less who were cared for in Sanford Children's Hospital neonatal intensive care unit from January 1 to December 31, 2001 (prior to functioning multidisciplinary team establishment) and January 1 to December 31, 2004 (subsequent to establishment of a multidisciplinary team). Data from charts in the 2 time periods were examined for differences in nutrition outcomes. Outcome variables included length of stay, birth weight, discharge weight, weight gained for specified time periods, weight at... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992168 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:24 +0100 1992168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992167&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033223%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The results support that SGA is simple and may predict the patient's outcomes in the ICU. PMID: 19033223 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992167 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:13 +0100 1992167 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992166&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033224%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The proportion of patients meeting clinical practice guidelines compares favorably to similar studies. In some cases, patients' clinical conditions or unit HOB angle protocol explained not meeting guidelines. However, there were cases where reasons for not meeting guidelines were unknown. PMID: 19033224 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992166 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:01:05 +0100 1992166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992165&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033225%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Nasal bridling is a simple, cost-effective practice that may reduce the rate of nasoenteric tube dislodgement. The use of 1/8-in umbilical tape may be more effective and safer than 8-Fr red rubber catheters for this purpose. PMID: 19033225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992165 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:00:57 +0100 1992165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992164&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Furlano RI, Sidler M, Haack H Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is a well-established procedure in adults as well as in pediatric patients who cannot be orally fed. However, potential serious complications may occur. The buried bumper syndrome is a well-recognized long-term complication of PEG. Overgrowth of gastric mucosa over the inner bumper of the tube will cause mechanical failure of formula delivery, rendering the tube useless. However, published experience in children with buried bumper syndrome is very scarce. In the authors' clinic, 76 PEG tubes were placed from 2001 to 2008, and buried bumper syndrome occurred in 1 patient. The authors report on their experience with buried bumper syndrome, an adapted safe endoscopic removal technique, as well ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992164 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:00:51 +0100 1992164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992163&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033227%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferguson M, Isenring E, Bauer J, Banks M, Capra S PMID: 19033227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992163 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:00:47 +0100 1992163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992162&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19033228%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huhmann MB, August DA PMID: 19033228 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992162 Thu, 27 Nov 2008 14:00:42 +0100 1992162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873406&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849549%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tappenden KA PMID: 18849549 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873406 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873405&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849550%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roberts WC PMID: 18849550 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873405 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873404&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849551%26dopt%3DAbstract This article highlights key nutrients and lifestyle factors in preventing cardiovascular disease and identifies practical applications for clinicians. PMID: 18849551 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873404 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873403&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849552%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beich KR, Yancy C Optimal care of patients with heart failure requires a multifaceted approach that includes guideline-driven, evidence-based therapies, intensive patient education, careful initial and follow-up assessment, and appropriately constructed nutrition prescriptions. Central to the construct of the nutrition prescription is advice regarding sodium consumption. It is intuitively and generally agreed upon that sodium restriction is appropriate for patients with heart failure, despite the lack of evidence-based research studies. Whereas limiting sodium is most appropriate for the hypertensive patient at risk for developing heart failure and the patient who is overtly volume overloaded, less certainty exists regarding the sodium prescription for patients with diagnosed ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873403 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873402&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wooley JA Heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem in the United States that puts a significant burden on both patients and the healthcare system. The prevalence of malnutrition in HF patients is well-known and correlates with a dramatic decline in quality of life and disease progression, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The implication of HF on micronutrient status is underrecognized in the quest to offer "best practice" medical, device, and surgical interventions to this population. The micronutrient thiamin is of particular interest in the management of HF for several reasons: (a) HF is a disease of the elderly whose micronutrient status is in need of attention; (b) HF patients tend to have inadequate nutrient intake, which has been asso... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873402 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873401&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dimaria-Ghalili RA Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is increasingly performed in adults aged 65 and older. Older adults are vulnerable to undernutrition, and as they undergo coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, their nutrition status must be considered carefully. The present review focuses on nutrition risk factors unique to older adults who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. PMID: 18849554 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873401 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873400&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849555%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews gut perfusion during normal states and during circulatory shock as well as alterations in perfusion when enteral feeding is provided. Pharmaconutrients studied during ischemia and reperfusion are discussed. PMID: 18849555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873400 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873399&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849556%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Widlicka A Cardiovascular disease is a common preexisting condition among hospitalized patients. Acute myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery account for 2 of the most common reasons patients are admitted to the intensive care unit. Determining how and when to feed these patients is a constant challenge presented to nutrition support practitioners. Enteral nutrition has emerged as the preferred route of feeding particularly in critical illness. By providing enteral nutrition instead of parenteral nutrition, the natural physiologic pathway is being followed and gut immunity preserved. However, obstacles such as upper gastrointestinal intolerance, hypoperfusion vasopressor support, and glycemic control make the task of initiating feeds a challenge. Once a patient has successf... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873399 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873398&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849557%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kight CE The primary indication for an esophagectomy is esophageal cancer or Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia. Patients undergoing esophagectomy often present with dysphagia, side effects from chemotherapy, decreased appetite, and weight loss. Esophagectomy is a major surgery involving the abdomen, neck, and/or chest requiring 5 to 7 days of NPO status to allow healing of the anastomosis between the upper esophagus and new esophageal conduit (usually the stomach). Placement of a feeding jejunostomy preoperatively or at time of surgery provides enteral access for patients who will experience eating challenges and a slow transition back to a normal diet, challenges that often lead to weight loss in the postoperative period. Supplemental tube feeding given nocturnall... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873398 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873397&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849558%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smoke A, Delegge MH Lymphatic injury leading to leakage of chyle is a potential complication that may arise from trauma or surgery in the chest, abdomen, or neck. Although the incidence of chyle leak post surgery is low (1%-4%), this complication can present significant challenges. Multiple approaches to the treatment of chyle leak have emerged, including nutrition, surgical, and pharmacological therapies. Although there are strong feelings among clinicians about the use of bowel rest, parenteral nutrition, or a low-fat enteral formula for the treatment of chyle leak, definitive evidence supporting one nutrition therapy over another does not exist. The lack of a clear consensus on the optimal management of chyle leaks makes this an area that is ripe for prospective analysis. ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873397 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873396&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849559%26dopt%3DAbstract This article will discuss the current challenges facing clinicians regarding these 3 issues-probiotics, enteral nutrition support, and glycemic control-and future directions in HSCT. PMID: 18849559 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873396 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873395&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849560%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The energy requirement in pediatric SJS/TEN patients is less than that following burn injury. The application of a 30% factor to MREE is supported in SJS/TEN and thermal injury. PMID: 18849560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873395 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873394&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849561%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Crohn's disease patients have improvements in an index that measures both inflammation and nutrition (PINI) with infliximab therapy. Increases in plasma folate suggest improvement in enterocyte function and/or increased oral intake. The increase in respiratory quotient suggests decreased lipolysis and the lack of a starvation state. It was unclear whether weight gain was predominantly fat or lean muscle mass. These finding also support the use of PINI in Crohn's patients as an overall marker of inflammation and nutrition, and as a measure of response to infliximab therapy. PMID: 18849561 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873394 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1873393&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18849562%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Anemia in CF is associated with poor lung function and vitamin deficiency. Although anemia was often incompletely evaluated, iron deficiency was common. Recognition and complete evaluation of anemia might be important for continued improvement of care in CF. PMID: 18849562 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1873393 Wed, 01 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1873393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1694101&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18686362%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hasse JM PMID: 18686362 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1694101 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1694101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1689374&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682590%26dopt%3DAbstract This article recalls the development of the MNA with its short form (MNA-SF) and reviews the literature, focusing on the most recent publications. Specific features of the application of the MNA in different settings (community, nursing home, hospital) are considered. Minor shortcomings of the tool, such as the resources and the cooperation necessary for completion of the MNA, are discussed. Future options for the adaptation of this valuable tool are briefly characterized. PMID: 18682590 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1689374 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1689374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686797&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tappenden KA PMID: 18682586 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686797 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686796&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682587%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Charney P Interest in nutrition screening has increased rapidly due to regulatory requirements as well as the known adverse impact of nutrition deficits on outcomes of hospitalization. Screening programs now in use in acute care are often complex and difficult to administer. Current interest in evaluation of all aspects of healthcare using evidence-based methods requires that nutrition screening programs be thoroughly evaluated. Clinicians attempting to evaluate evidence in support of different methods to identify patients who might have nutrition problems are often confronted with research that blurs the distinction between screening and assessment. Therefore, before identifying methods to conduct nutrition screening, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the di... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686796 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686795&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682588%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Anthony PS There is agreement among international nutrition organizations and healthcare accrediting organizations that nutrition screening is essential to identify patients needing further nutrition assessment to determine appropriate nutrition intervention. Numerous nutrition screening tools are used in hospitals, but many, if not most, have never been validated for the care setting, patient population, or outcome they strive to identify. Thus, it is unclear if they appropriately identify patients who truly need further nutrition assessment and, potentially, intervention. Several nutrition screening tools reported in the literature have been validated in a variety of care settings and patient populations and have been shown to achieve the desired outcome. These tools include... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686795 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686794&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682589%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thomas DR Assessment of nutrition status is necessary in long-term care settings for both optimal patient care and to meet regulatory standards. Careful nutrition assessment leads to development of an individual plan of care to optimize nutrition status. Although the Minimum Data Set is mandated as the nutrition assessment tool in long-term care settings, published studies show that the use of the Minimum Data Set to assess nutrition status is problematic. Two types of nutrition assessment instruments have been developed. The first type aims to identify those at risk for malnutrition but is not used to diagnose clinical malnutrition, whereas the second type has been designed to diagnose malnutrition. A number of commonly used nutrition assessment tools have not been validated ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686794 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686793&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682590%26dopt%3DAbstract This article recalls the development of the MNA with its short form (MNA-SF) and reviews the literature, focusing on the most recent publications. Specific features of the application of the MNA in different settings (community, nursing home, hospital) are considered. Minor shortcomings of the tool, such as the resources and the cooperation necessary for completion of the MNA, are discussed. Future options for the adaptation of this valuable tool are briefly characterized. PMID: 18682590 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686793 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686792&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682591%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ness-Abramof R, Apovian CM The obesity epidemic is a major public health problem worldwide. Adult obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Measurement of abdominal obesity is strongly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, cardiovascular events, and mortality. Although waist circumference is a crude measurement, it correlates with obesity and visceral fat amount, and is a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. A normal waist circumference differs for specific ethnic groups due to different cardiometabolic risk. For example, Asians have increased cardiometabolic risk at lower body mass indexes and with lower waist circumferences than other populations. One criterion for the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, according to different study groups,... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686792 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686791&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682592%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Makhija S, Baker J Many methods of evaluating malnutrition have been proposed that combine multiple components such as dietary and medical history, amount of weight loss, biochemical variables, and anthropometry. The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), first described by Baker et al in 1982, SGA was introduced to assess the patient for malnutrition at the bedside, without the need for precise body composition analysis. Since it was developed, the SGA has been used in various different patient populations, including surgical and oncology patients. It remains the most reliable and efficient method of nutrition assessment. The authors present a review of the SGA and how it has been used in a variety of areas within medicine. PMID: 18682592 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutri... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686791 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686790&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682593%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keith JN Bedside nutrition assessment remains an essential skill for the practicing clinician to master as the nutrition status of our patients directly influences clinical outcomes and mortality rates. Dr Charles E. Butterworth Jr's initial report of malnutrition in hospitalized patients, the so-called "skeleton in the closet," riveted the medical community. Two other studies in the 1970s published prevalence rates of hospital malnutrition of 48% in adult medical patients and 50% in adult surgical patients. Even more disturbing, 75% of patients at risk for malnutrition on admission had worsening nutrition parameters during their hospitalization. These findings led to a search to find an integrated bedside nutrition assessment tool to identify malnutrition in hospitalized pati... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686790 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686789&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682594%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chima CS, Dietz-Seher C, Kushner-Benson S The Joint Commission-accredited acute care hospitals are required to screen patients for nutrition risk, but criteria and procedures in use have not been described. The purpose of this study was to survey managers of clinical nutrition services in acute care hospitals regarding procedures for screening for nutrition risk. Members of the Clinical Nutrition Management Dietetic Practice Group were surveyed using an e-mailed link to an electronic survey. Of 1668 members contacted, 522 usable surveys were completed (31%). Most respondents (84%) reported that nursing staff had primary responsibility for nutrition screening; 10% used nutrition services staff; 4% used a computerized system. Where nursing staff did nutrition screening (n = 441)... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686789 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686788&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682595%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The Luft Ruler was the only method that presented minor mean differences in relation to the gold standard in both gender and age strata. The other estimates are not recommended because of high frequency of relevant errors. PMID: 18682595 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686788 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686787&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682596%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hallikainen M, Huikko L, Kontra K, Nissinen M, Piironen V, Miettinen T, Gylling H Hepatobiliary complications are common during parenteral nutrition. Lipid moiety in commercially available solutions contains plant sterols. It is not known whether plant sterols in parenteral nutrition interfere with hepatic function in adults. We detected how different amounts of plant sterols in parenteral nutrition solution affected serum plant sterol concentrations and liver enzymes during a 1.5-year follow-up in a patient with short bowel syndrome. Serum lipid, plant sterol, and liver enzyme levels were measured regularly during the transition from Intralipid (100% soy-based intravenous fat emulsion) to ClinOleic (an olive oil-based intravenous fat emulsion with 80% olive oil, 20% soy oil a... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686787 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1686786&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18682597%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Casey L, Lee KH, Rosychuk R, Turner J, Huynh HQ Prediction of outcomes in pediatric intestinal failure is challenging but essential to guide intestinal rehabilitation and transplantation decisions. This review of intestinal failure patients spanning 10 years examines clinical details in relation to outcome to identify factors that may refine predictive accuracy. A search was conducted to identify all children with intestinal failure managed at Stollery Children's Hospital between January 1994 and December 2003. They were divided into 3 groups: early death occurring </=30 days of age, parenteral nutrition dependence for 30-100 days, and parenteral nutrition dependence for >100 days. The long-term group was divided according to outcome: death or adaptation. Demographics, d... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1686786 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1686786 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1606639&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18613342%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hasse JM PMID: 18613342 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1606639 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1606639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577641&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595856%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tappenden KA PMID: 18595856 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577641 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577640&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595857%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McClave SA PMID: 18595857 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577640 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577639&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595858%26dopt%3DAbstract This article summarizes the proposed pathophysiology of and treatment options for irritable bowel syndrome. PMID: 18595858 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577639 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577638&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595859%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McOmber MA, Shulman RJ Functional gastrointestinal disorders continue to be a prevalent set of conditions faced by the healthcare team and have a significant emotional and economic impact. In this review, the authors highlight some of the common functional disorders seen in pediatric patients (functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain) as well as one of the more intriguing (cyclic vomiting). The most recent Pediatric Rome Working Group has modified the definitions of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Current studies have used these categorizations to understand better the epidemiology, etiology, and treatment options for these disorders. As more data are available, children and their families will be offered a better understanding of the co... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577638 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577637&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595860%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heitkemper MM, Jarrett ME Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional GI disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with alterations in defecation or stool frequency and consistency. In Western industrialized countries, women seek health care services for their symptoms more frequently than men. The cause of IBS is likely multifactorial involving altered motility, visceral hypersensitivity, and dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. Many patients note that their symptoms are exacerbated by diet and stress, and women frequently report menstrual cycle fluctuations in symptoms. Current approaches to IBS management include behavioral management therapies such as dietary intake changes and stress reduction cognitive restructuring. Drug therapies are targ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577637 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577636&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595861%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wald A, Rakel D Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common conditions seen in primary care settings. Despite this, there is no consensus as to the pathogenesis of this disorder or a consistently effective therapeutic regimen for many patients. This has encouraged the use of various alternative therapies from behavioral or complementary medicine. This review will address the evidence for alternative therapies, including the following: cognitive behavior therapy, hypnosis, elimination diets based on food antibody testing, nutrition supplements (such as fiber, probiotics, and prebiotics), and, finally, peppermint, l-glutamine, zinc, and cromolyn sodium. The review also explores the evidence for and the therapeutic ramifications of the hypothesis that increased intes... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577636 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577635&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595862%26dopt%3DAbstract This article reviews dietary and lifestyle factors that contribute to the physiology and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and modification of these factors as an adjunctive therapy. PMID: 18595862 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577635 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577634&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595863%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Issa M, Binion DG Nutrition and Crohn's disease (CD) are intertwined because of the central role of nutrition in the care of patients with CD, specifically the theories regarding a dietary contribution to pathogenesis and formal studies investigating the primary role of nutrition as therapy for CD. Perhaps one of the most important studies evaluating the role of nutrition therapy and bowel rest in the management of CD was performed by Greenberg and colleagues in 1988. This pivotal study attempted to define the role of bowel rest as an independent variable in the management of hospitalized patients with active CD unresponsive to the traditional medical therapy that was available at the time. As the first randomized controlled trial evaluating nutrition intervention in CD, it sh... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577634 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577633&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595864%26dopt%3DAbstract This article revisits the Greenberg paper and discusses some of these innovations in nutrition. PMID: 18595864 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577633 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577632&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595865%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The CO(2) sensor is a helpful bedside tool to use in conjunction with clinical methods during NFT insertions. However, there is insufficient evidence to abandon the use of radiographs to confirm tube placement. PMID: 18595865 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577632 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577631&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595866%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kejariwal D, Aravinthan A, Bromley D, Miao Y Buried bumper syndrome (BBS) occurs due to the overgrowth of gastric mucosa over the inner bumper of a gastrostomy tube. Various therapeutic approaches have been described for the management of BBS. However, no standardized clinical protocol deals with this complication. The authors describe their experience of dealing with BBS. Case notes of the patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) between February 2002 and December 2007 at their institute were reviewed retrospectively, and cases of BBS were analyzed. During this 71-month period, 356 PEG procedures were preformed. Seven patients with BBS were identified from the case note review (incidence of 1.97%). Attempts at endoscopic removal of the buried bumper were ... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577631 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577630&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595867%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Via M, Scurlock C, Raikhelkar J, Luozzo GD, Mechanick JI Insulin resistance is common and often multifactorial in acutely critically ill patients. At our institution, glycemic control is achieved in these patients using an intravenous insulin protocol. The authors present a case in which a patient developed severe insulin resistance following surgical repair of a thoracic aorta aneurysm. Postoperatively, the patient required 2110 units of insulin over 40 hours while receiving pressors and glucocorticoids. After the administration of intravenous chromium at 3 mug/h, the blood sugar normalized and insulin therapy was discontinued. This case represents a unique approach using intravenous chromium to achieve glycemic control in a patient with extreme insulin resistance and acute c... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577630 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577629&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595868%26dopt%3DAbstract This article describes the development of the study, results of the study, and use of the information for future certification in nutrition support. A list of the elements required for competent practice was gleaned from a variety of sources. A rating scale was developed to measure the importance of elements required for competent practice and frequency of practice. From this, an online survey instrument was prepared. Surveys were sent to 5964 NSPs; a total of 891 surveys were completed (return rate of 16.8%). There was 98% agreement among the disciplines of the perceived importance of the elements required of competent entry-level NSP practice; that the survey either completely or adequately described these elements; and that it reflected practice by region as well as among various discip... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577629 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1577628&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18595869%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kapoor S PMID: 18595869 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1577628 Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1577628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1554788&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18390787%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Huhmann MB, August DA It is clear that cancer patients develop complex nutrition issues. Nutrition support may or may not be indicated in these patients depending on individual patient characteristics. This review article, the first in a series of articles to examine the A.S.P.E.N. Guidelines for the Use of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition in Adult and Pediatric Patients Cancer Guidelines, evaluates the evidence related to the use of nutrition screening and nutrition assessment in cancer patients. This first article will provide background concerning nutrition issues in cancer patients as well as discuss the role of nutrition screening and nutrition assessment in the care of cancer patients. The goal of this review is to enrich the discussion contained in the Clinical Guidelin... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1554788 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1554788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1554787&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18390789%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 18390789 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutrition in Clinical Practice) Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1554787 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1554787 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1361474&cid=s_36825_28_f&fid=36825&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18390778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Whitmire SJ Alterations in sodium and water balance are commonplace and often occur concurrently. Dysnatremias (hyponatremia and hypernatremia) merely reflect a relative excess or deficit of plasma water in relation to plasma sodium. There is no predictable relationship between plasma sodium concentration, extracellular fluid volume, and total body sodium content. Evaluation and management of dysnatremias rely on an understanding of key terminology, normal body fluid composition and distribution, and regulation of water and sodium balance, combined with a directed history and physical and appropriate laboratory tests. Enteral and parenteral nutrition regimens can be modified to help restore normal plasma sodium concentrations. Response to treatment requires close monitoring to... Nutrition in Clinical Practice journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1361474 Tue, 01 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1361474