MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Obesity' source. Tue, 07 Feb 2012 06:15:23 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659053&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301901%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to assess preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for obesity medications among people seeking weight loss in the United States and United Kingdom. An online survey was developed based on literature review, clinician interviews, and profiles of available therapies. Participants indicated their preference for hypothetical treatments which varied by seven attributes: percentage of weight loss, long-term health risk reduction, time to noticeable weight loss, delivery mode, side effects, lifestyle modification, and cost; 502 obese participants completed the survey (mean BMI 37.12 kg/m(2) (±4.63); 73.5% female; 47.7 (±12.9) years of age). The participants deemed weight loss of >21 kg (United Kingdom) and >28 kg (United State) as "acceptable". All treatment attributes w... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659053 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659052&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301902%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, it seems that Visser's et al. model, including only BMI, with Brozek's equation, is a fast, noninvasive, and valid method to assess body composition in white postmenopausal women in clinical practice and research. PMID: 22301902 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659052 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659051&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22301903%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yalamanchi SK, Sam S, Cardenas MO, Holaday LW, Urbanek M, Dunaif A Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic disease characterized by heritable reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Genetic variants associated with the reproductive phenotype have been mapped to the fibrillin-3 (FBN3) gene and to a novel transcription factor-7-like 2 (TCF7L2) locus (rs11196236 G). The association of these genetic variants with metabolic phenotypes was investigated in 31 PCOS and 18 control women of European ancestry. The insulinogenic index during an oral glucose tolerance test (ΔI30/ΔG30) and insulin secretion rates at the maximal dose during a graded-glucose infusion (ISRmax) were used as indexes of insulin secretion. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) and insu... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659051 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5659051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639854&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282165%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22282165 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639854 Mon, 30 Jan 2012 06:00:12 +0100 5639854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639856&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282108%26dopt%3DAbstract This study hypothesized that coping strategies are significantly associated with depressed mood above and beyond demographic factors and frequency of weight-related stigma, with specific coping strategies differing between racial groups. Severely-obese bariatric surgery-seeking adults (N=234, 91 African-American) completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Stigmatizing Situations Inventory (SSI). Two hierarchical linear regressions were conducted separately for African-Americans and Caucasians. For both racial groups, age, sex, body mass index, years overweight, annual income and education level did not account for a significant portion of the variance in BDI scores. The frequency of stigmatizing situations and coping strategies significantly explained 16.4% and 33.2% respectively of... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639856 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639855&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282109%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Richmond TK, Walls CE, Bryn Austin S Abstract Our objective was to determine if sexual orientation groups differ in accuracy of body mass index (BMI kg/m(2)) calculated from self-reported height and weight and if weight status modifies possible differences. Using gender-stratified multiple linear regression to analyze Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n=12,197) we examined the association of sexual orientation with BMI calculated from self-reported height and weight (self-reported BMI) , controlling for BMI calculated from objectively measured height and weight (objectively measured BMI) as well as demographic, health, and behavioral variables. We tested for effect modification of the relationship between sexual orientation and self-reported... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639855 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639865&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Błogowski W, Ratajczak MZ, Zyżniewska-Banaszak E, Dołęgowska B, Starzyńska T Abstract It has been more than 30 years since adipose tissue (AT) has been recognized as a central modulator orchestrating sophisticated process termed "immunometabolism". Nonetheless, despite its unique involvement in the regulation of immune and endocrine homeostasis, recent studies demonstrated that AT also contains significant number of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) that may be there "settling down" throughout life. In this article we will focus on presenting the current concepts regarding endocrine, immunological, and molecular mechanisms that may contribute to and regulate bone marrow (BM)-derived HSPCs homing into AT environment, as well as, highlight various structural a... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639865 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639864&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282044%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lawman HG, Wilson DK Abstract Disparities in the prevalence of obesity in youth place minority and low socioeconomic status youth at increased risk for the development of chronic disease, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Contributing factors to the increases in obesity include a decline in positive health behaviors, such as making healthy dietary choices, engaging in physical activity, and limiting sedentary behaviors. Family and physical environmental contextual factors related to health behaviors are increasingly the focus of health behavior interventions in line with the bioecological model that encourages a system-focused perspective on understanding health behavior influences. Physical environmental characteristics, such as home and neighborhood charact... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639864 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639863&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282045%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lear SA, Chockalingam A, Kohli S, Richardson CG, Humphries KH Abstract South Asians have a higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) that remains largely unexplained. We hypothesized that the increased CVD risk in South Asians compared to Europeans is mediated through higher levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in South Asians compared to total body fat and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT). South Asians (207) and Europeans (201) underwent assessment for demographics, body fat, and risk factors. Linear regression models were created by sex for each risk factor to explore mediation effects of total body fat, SAT, and VAT adjusted for age, income, smoking, and BMI (menopausal status for women). Mediation was based on changes in the ethnicity β coefficient du... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639863 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639862&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282046%26dopt%3DAbstract This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the general community. IS was measured with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS) and BF with the insulinogenic index during 75-g 2-h oral glucose-tolerance tests (OGTTs). We studied 611 females and 361 males with normal glycemia according to both fasting and 2-h glucose (85 ± 0.3 mg/dl (means ± SE) in females and 89 ± 0.4 in males (P < 0.0001), and 93 ± 1 in females and 89 ± 1 in males (P = 0.005), respectively). Females were younger (37 ± 1 years) than males (40 ± 1, P < 0.0001), but no difference was found in mean BMI (BMI = 25.8 ± 0.2 kg/m(2) in both). Student's two-sample t-test was used for simple comparison between and within genders, multiple linear regressions to a... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639862 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639861&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282047%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the inhibitory effect of sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate, on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells was investigated. Sulforaphane decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets stained with Oil Red O and inhibited the elevation of triglycerides in the adipocytes (half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 7.3 µmol/l). The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), major transcription factors for adipocyte differentiation, was significantly reduced by sulforaphane. The major effects of sulforaphane on the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation occurred during the early stage of adipogenesis. Thus, the expression of C/EBPβ, an early-stage biomarker of adipogenesis, decreased in a concentration-dependent manner whe... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639861 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639860&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282048%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kaul S, Rothney MP, Peters DM, Wacker WK, Davis CE, Shapiro MD, Ergun DL Abstract Obesity is the major risk factor for metabolic syndrome and through it diabetes as well as cardiovascular disease. Visceral fat (VF) rather than subcutaneous fat (SF) is the major predictor of adverse events. Currently, the reference standard for measuring VF is abdominal X-ray computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), requiring highly used clinical equipment. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) can accurately measure body composition with high-precision, low X-ray exposure, and short-scanning time. The purpose of this study was to validate a new fully automated method whereby abdominal VF can be measured by DXA. Furthermore, we explored the association between DXA-deri... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639860 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639859&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282049%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, VLCD-induced weight loss in obese T2DM patients is accompanied by a substantial decrease in pericardial fat volume, which is sustained even after subsequent weight regain. PMID: 22282049 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639859 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639858&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282050%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Merkestein M, Brans MA, Luijendijk MC, de Jong JW, Egecioglu E, Dickson SL, Adan RA Abstract Food anticipatory activity (FAA) is displayed in rats when access to food is restricted to a specific time frame of their circadian phase, a behavior thought to reflect both hunger and the motivation to eat. Rats also display FAA in a feeding schedule with ad libitum access to normal chow, but limited availability of a palatable meal, which is thought to involve mainly motivational aspects. The orexigenic hormone ghrelin has been implicated in FAA in rodents with restricted access to chow. Because ghrelin plays an important role not only in the control of food intake, but also in reward, we sought to determine the role of ghrelin in anticipation to a palatable meal. Plasma ghrelin ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639858 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639857&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22282051%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association between sleep duration and BMI in young adults, and, specifically, in possible gender differences. The population-based sample included 955 young men and 1051 young women (mean age = 25.3 years, s.d. = 1.7) who participated in Project EAT-III (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults)-III. In 2008-2009, study participants completed a survey, on which they reported their weight, height, and typical bed and awakening times. Gender-specific regression models estimated cross-sectional associations between sleep duration and weight status, adjusting for age, race, SES, family structure, depressive symptoms, physical activity, and sedentary and dietary behaviors. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, an hour increase in sleep was associated with a -... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639857 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5639857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621819&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Drincic AT, Armas LA, Van Diest EE, Heaney RP Abstract Vitamin D status is known to be poor in obese individuals; there is no consensus as to the reason. Cross-sectional study of the relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and body size in the baseline data from unsupplemented adults entering two study cohorts in our research unit, N = 686. Regression analyses of body size variables against serum 25(OH)D concentration, using both linear and hyperbolic models. The fit to a hyperbolic model of 25(OH)D against body weight completely removed the obesity-related component of inter-individual variability in serum 25(OH)D concentration. The hyperbolic fit using total body weight was significantly better than any linear model, and specifically better tha... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621819 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621818&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262155%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Borel AL, Nazare JA, Smith J, Alméras N, Tremblay A, Bergeron J, Poirier P, Després JP Abstract Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk. The study examined whether changes in cardiometabolic risk markers after a 1-year lifestyle intervention in viscerally obese men were associated with changes in VAT or with changes in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT). The relative contributions of changes in global adiposity vs. changes in cardiorespiratory fitness to changes in VAT were also quantified. One hundred and forty four men were selected on the basis of an increased waist circumference (≥90 cm) associated with dyslipidemia (triglycerides ≥1.69 and/or high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol <1.03 mmol/l); 1... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621818 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621817&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262156%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McGee J, Kotsopoulos J, Lubinski J, Lynch HT, Rosen B, Tung N, Kim-Sing C, Karlan B, Foulkes WD, Ainsworth P, Ghadirian P, Senter L, Eisen A, Sun P, Narod SA Abstract Studies conducted among women in the general population suggest that various anthropometric measures, including height and weight, may be associated with the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Whether such an association exists among women who carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation has not been evaluated. Thus, we investigated the association between height, weight, changes in body weight, and BMI, and the risk of developing ovarian cancer among 938 women carrying a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. A matched case-control study was conducted in 469 pairs of women carrying a deleterious mutation in either BRCA1 (n = 403 pairs... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621817 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621816&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klein S, Fabbrini E, Patterson BW, Polonsky KS, Schiavon CA, Correa JL, Salles JE, Wajchenberg BL, Cohen R Abstract Gastric bypass surgery causes resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which has led to the hypothesis that upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract diversion, itself, improves glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to determine whether UGI tract bypass without gastric exclusion has therapeutic effects in patients with T2DM. We performed a prospective trial to assess glucose and β-cell response to an oral glucose load before and at 6, 9, and 12 months after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery. Thirty-five overweight or obese adults (BMI: 27.0 ± 4.0 kg/m(2)) with T2DM and 35 sex-, age-, race-, and BMI-matched subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) we... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621816 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621815&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pemu PE, Anderson L, Gee BE, Ofili EO, Ghosh S Abstract Progenitor cells (PCs) are key components of vasculogenic remodeling and hematopoietic development. Decreases in the number and function of angiogenic progenitors have been observed in coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetic vasculopathy. Several recent studies have also demonstrated a close relationship between increased visceral fat and cardiovascular disease, implying an association between obesity and vascular dysfunction. However, very little is known about the role of PCs in obesity. We generated whole genome expression profiles of cultured PCs from 18 obese and 6 lean African-American women on Agilent microarrays and analyzed the data through bioinformatic pathway analysis using multiple databases a... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621815 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621814&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262159%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated if the effect of dietary macronutrient composition on adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (ATLPL) and skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase (SMLPL) predicted the long-term (over 4 years) changes in body weight and composition in free-living adults. Using a crossover design, 39 healthy subjects (n = 24 normal weight, n = 7 overweight, n = 8 obese) each followed a 2-week isocaloric high-carbohydrate (HC; 55% CHO:25% fat) and high-fat (HF; 30% CHO:50% fat) diet. On day 15 of each diet, biopsies were performed in the fasted state and 6 h after a meal. Body weight and composition were measured annually over 4 years. The outcomes for body weight, fat mass and % body fat were assessed using a linear two-stage mixed model. The mean (±SEM) increase in body weight and fat mass over ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621814 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621813&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Amati F, Pennant M, Azuma K, Dubé JJ, Toledo FG, Rossi AP, Kelley DE, Goodpaster BH Abstract It is well known that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with insulin resistance (IR). Considerable debate remains concerning the potential positive effect of thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (TSAT). Our objective was to observe whether VAT and TSAT are opposite, synergistic or additive for both peripheral and hepatic IR. Fifty-two volunteers (21 male/31 female) between 30 and 75 years old were recruited from the general population. All subjects were sedentary overweight or obese (mean BMI 33.0 ± 3.4 kg/m(2)). Insulin sensitivity was determined by a 4-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with stable isotope tracer dilution. Total body fat and lean body mass were determin... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621813 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621812&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Blatt AD, Williams RA, Roe LS, Rolls BJ Abstract Pre-portioned entrées are commonly consumed to help control portion size and limit energy intake. The influence of entrée characteristics on energy intake, however, has not been well studied. We determined how the effects of energy content and energy density (ED, kcal/g) of pre-portioned entrées combine to influence daily energy intake. In a crossover design, 68 non-dieting adults (28 men and 40 women) were provided with breakfast, lunch, and dinner on 1 day a week for 4 weeks. Each meal included a compulsory, manipulated pre-portioned entrée followed by a variety of unmanipulated discretionary foods that were consumed ad libitum. Across conditions, the entrées were varied in both energy content and ED between a standar... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621812 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621811&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bleich SN, Bennett WL, Gudzune KA, Cooper LA Abstract Using a national cross-sectional survey of 500 primary care physicians conducted between 9 February and 1 March 2011, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of physician BMI on obesity care, physician self-efficacy, perceptions of role-modeling weight-related health behaviors, and perceptions of patient trust in weight loss advice. We found that physicians with normal BMI were more likely to engage their obese patients in weight loss discussions as compared to overweight/obese physicians (30% vs. 18%, P = 0.010). Physicians with normal BMI had greater confidence in their ability to provide diet (53% vs. 37%, P = 0.002) and exercise counseling (56% vs. 38%, P = 0.001) to their obese patients. A higher perce... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621811 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621810&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262163%26dopt%3DAbstract This study attempts to replicate the finding in a survey of over 1,000,000 individuals in the United States. The Gallup Organization conducted a proprietary survey between 2008 through 2010 where 1,062,271 randomly selected individuals in the United States participated in a telephone interview. Survey questions included height and weight, from which BMI was computed, questions about pain conditions in the past year, and a question about pain experience yesterday. Only 19.2% of the sample was classified as Low-Normal BMI, 21.4 were classified as Overweight, and the remainder was in the three categories of Obese. BMI and pain yesterday were reliably associated when demographic variables were controlled: the overweight group reported 20% higher rates of pain than Low-Normal group, 68% higher ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621810 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621809&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22262164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Prince SA, Kristjansson EA, Russell K, Billette JM, Sawada MC, Ali A, Tremblay MS, Prud'homme D Abstract In Canada, there is limited research examining the associations between objectively measured neighborhood environments and physical activity (PA) and obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between variables from built and social environments and PA and overweight/obesity across 86 Ottawa, Canada neighborhoods. Individual-level data including self-reported leisure-time PA (LTPA), height, and weight were examined in a sample of 4,727 adults from four combined cycles (years 2001/03/05/07) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Data on neighborhood characteristics were obtained from the Ottawa Neighbourhood Study (ONS); a large study ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621809 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621821&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22257982%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mantovan Fardin N, Oyama LM, Campos RR Abstract There is evidence that obesity is associated with increased sympathetic activity and hypertension. However, the mechanisms responsible for these changes are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cardiovascular function and the baroreceptor reflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (rSNA) in rats exposed to a high-fat diet over different periods (10 and 20 weeks) compared to control rats. Serum leptin levels were assessed for all time points. Male Wistar rats weighing 150g to 180g were used. Four groups of rats were studied: control 10 weeks (Ct10), obese 10 weeks (Ob10), control 20weeks (Ct20) and obese 20 weeks (Ob20). Blood pressure (BP) and rSNA were recorded in urethane... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621821 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621821 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621823&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22252034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morris DL, Oatmen KE, Wang T, Delproposto JL, Lumeng CN Abstract Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) accumulate in fat during obesity and resemble foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that common mechanisms underlie both inflammatory conditions. CX(3)CR1 and its ligand fractalkine/CX(3)CL1 contribute to macrophage recruitment and inflammation in atherosclerosis, but their role in obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation is unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that CX(3)CR1 regulates ATM trafficking to epididymal fat and contributes to the development of adipose tissue inflammation during diet-induced obesity. Cx(3)cl1 and Cx(3)cr1 expression was induced specifically in epididymal fat from mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). CX(3)CR1 was detected on multip... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621823 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621823 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621822&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22252049%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, overweight, moderate, and extreme obesity are associated with higher odds of asthma in children and adolescents, although the association varies widely with race/ethnicity. Increasing BMI among youth with asthma is associated with higher consumption of corticosteroids and emergency department visits. PMID: 22252049 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621822 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621824&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22249214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gomes de Lima J, Nóbrega LH, Barbosa Câmara de Souza A PMID: 22249214 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621824 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5621824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600579&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22245983%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Epstein LH, Carr KA, Lin H, Fletcher KD, Roemmich JN Abstract The relative reinforcing value of food (RRV(food)) is positively associated with energy consumed and overweight status. One hypothesis relating these variables is that food reinforcement is related to BMI through usual energy intake. Using a sample of two hundred fifty-two adults of varying weight and body mass index (BMI) levels, results showed that usual energy intake mediated the relationship between RRV(food) and BMI (estimated indirect effect = 0.0027, bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals 0.0002 - 0.0068, effect ratio = 0.34), controlling for age, sex, minority status, education and reinforcing value of reading (RRV(reading)). Laboratory and usual energy intake were correlated (r = 0.24, p < 0.001), ind... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600579 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600579 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600588&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240720%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schüssler P, Kluge M, Yassouridis A, Dresler M, Uhr M, Steiger A Abstract The neuropeptide ghrelin is a major signal for food intake in various species including humans. After exogenous ghrelin administration, food intake and body weight increase in rodents. In normal human subjects, ghrelin administration increases self-rated appetite and calorie intake and prompts the imagination of favorite meals. It is unclear so far whether ghrelin levels are affected by external cues such as sight of food. We investigated the influence of pictures showing food compared to neutral pictures on ghrelin levels in young normal male subjects (n = 8). The study consisted of two consecutive sessions with a one-week interval. During each session, blood for later analysis of plasma concentrat... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600588 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600586&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240721%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to determine whether human genetic variation in 5 common CD36 polymorphisms is associated with oral fat perception of Italian salad dressings, self-reported acceptance of high-fat foods and obesity in African-American adults (n = 317). Ratings of perceived oiliness, fat content, and creaminess were assessed on a 170-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) in response to salad dressings that were 5%, 35%, and 55% fat-by-weight content. Acceptance of added fats and oils and high-fat foods was self-reported and anthropometric measures were taken in the laboratory. DNA was isolated from saliva and genotyped at 5 CD36 polymorphisms. Three polymorphisms, rs1761667, rs3840546, and rs1527483 were associated with the outcomes. Participants with the A/A genotype at rs1761667 r... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600586 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600585&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240722%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yang J, Eliasson B, Smith U, Cushman SW, Sherman AS Abstract Early studies reported that the size of adipose cells correlates with insulin resistance. However, a recent study comparing moderately obese, sensitive and resistant subjects, with comparable BMI (~30), did not detect any significant difference in the size of the large cells, but rather a smaller proportion of large cells in the resistant subjects, suggesting impaired adipogenesis. We hypothesize that a decreased proportion, rather than the size, of large adipose cells is also associated with insulin resistance in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients. Thirty-five leaner (BMI 18-34) subjects who were relatively healthy were recruited. Insulin sensitivity was measured by the euglycemic, hyperinsulinem... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600585 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600584&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240723%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liedtke S, Schmidt ME, Vrieling A, Lukanova A, Becker S, Kaaks R, Zaineddin AK, Buck K, Benner A, Chang-Claude J, Steindorf K Abstract Being overweight or obese increases the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. A potential reason may be the frequently observed positive association of BMI with endogenous sex hormones and its negative association with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a woman's body fat distribution shows a BMI-independent association with these breast cancer-related biomarkers. Performing cross-sectional analyses among 1,180 postmenopausal women, we assessed whether associations of surrogates for an abdominal (waist circumference; waist-to-hip ratio, WHR) and gluteofemoral (hip circumference) fat dis... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600584 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600583&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240724%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wein LM, Yang Y, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD Abstract To address growing concerns over childhood obesity, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently recommended that children undergo obesity screening beginning at age 6. An Expert Committee recommends starting at age 2. Analysis is needed to assess these recommendations and investigate whether there are better alternatives. We model the age- and sex-specific population-wide distribution of BMI through age 18 using National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) data. The impact of treatment on BMI is estimated using the targeted systematic review performed to aid the USPSTF. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes at age 40 are estimated from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We fix the screening... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600583 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600582&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240725%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Domoff SE, Hinman NG, Koball AM, Storfer-Isser A, Carhart VL, Baik KD, Carels RA Abstract Weight-loss reality shows, a popular form of television programming, portray obese individuals and their struggles to lose weight. While the media is believed to reinforce obesity stereotypes and contribute to weight stigma, it is not yet known whether weight-loss reality shows have any effect on weight bias. The goal of this investigation was to examine how exposure to 40-min of The Biggest Loser impacted participants' levels of weight bias. Fifty-nine participants (majority of whom were white females) were randomly assigned to either an experimental (one episode of The Biggest Loser) or control (one episode of a nature reality show) condition. Levels of weight bias were measured by ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600582 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600582 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600581&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Micklesfield LK, Goedecke JH, Punyanitya M, Wilson KE, Kelly TL Abstract Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with adverse health effects including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. We developed a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement of visceral adipose tissue (DXA-VAT) as a low cost and low radiation alternative to computed tomography (CT). DXA-VAT was compared to VAT assessed using CT by an expert reader (E-VAT). In addition, the same CT slice was also read by a clinical radiographer (C-VAT) and a best-fit anthropomorphic and demographic VAT model (A-VAT) was developed. Whole body DXA, CT at L4-L5, and anthropometry were measured on 272 black and white South African women (age 29 ± 8 years, BMI 28 ± 7 kg/m(2), waist circumference (WC) 89 ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600581 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600581 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600580&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22240727%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated core temperature in obese and lean individuals at rest, during 20-min exercise, during sleep, and after food consumption. Twelve lean (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)) and twelve obese (30.0-39.9 kg/m(2)) healthy participants, ages 25-40 years old, were admitted overnight in a clinical research unit. Females were measured in the follicular menstrual phase. Core temperature was measured every minute for 24 h using the CorTemp system, a pill-sized sensor that measures core temperature while in the gastrointestinal tract and delivers the measurement via a radio signal to an external recorder. Core temperature did not differ significantly between the obese and lean individuals at rest, postmeals, during exercise, or during sleep (P > 0.5), but core temperature averaged over the en... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600580 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5600580 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578302&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222925%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Azrad M, Gower BA, Hunter GR, Nagy TR Abstract Lower serum concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with increased risk for several obesity-related diseases in women including hormone-sensitive cancers, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Previous investigations have reported that body composition, specifically central obesity, and/or higher insulin concentrations are key factors associated with lower SHBG in overweight and obese women; however, these studies were limited by their cross-sectional design. We hypothesized that intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), a fat depot linked with an abnormal metabolic profile, is inversely and independently associated with SHBG. Therefore, we determined the longitudinal associ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578302 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578301&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmidt ME, Haines J, O'Brien A, McDonald J, Price S, Sherry B, Taveras EM Abstract Screen-media use among young children is highly prevalent, disproportionately high among children from lower-income families and racial/ethnic minorities, and may have adverse effects on obesity risk. Few systematic reviews have examined early intervention strategies to limit TV or total screen time; none have examined strategies to discourage parents from putting TVs in their children's bedrooms or remove TVs if they are already there. In order to identify strategies to reduce TV viewing or total screen time among children <12 years of age, we conducted a systematic review of seven electronic databases to June 2011, using the terms "intervention" and "television," "media," or "screen ti... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578301 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5578300&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222927%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated that low cardiorespiratory fitness and elevated hepatic triglyceride content are features of type 2 diabetes in youth. Furthermore, cardiorespiratory fitness and hepatic triglyceride are associated with insulin sensitivity in youth. Taken together, these data suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness and hepatic steatosis are potential clinical biomarkers for type 2 diabetes among youth. PMID: 22222927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5578300 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5578300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550224&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193969%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22193969 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550224 Thu, 29 Dec 2011 19:38:02 +0100 5550224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550229&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193919%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), antithrombin-III (ATIII), fibrinogen, and white blood cell (WBC) levels in severely obese patients. We analyzed various plasma parameters implicated in the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathway from 34 severely obese patients before and 1, 6, and 12 months after gastric bypass. In obese people, ATIII, fibrinogen, and WBC levels were in the upper limit of the normal range, and all were higher and significantly different from nonobese people. After bariatric surgery, the ATIII level continued to be high during the first month and increased until 12 months, while fibrinogen decreased only at that time. PAI-1 plasma protein and PAI-1 mRNA levels in liver and adipose tissue... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550229 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550228&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193920%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, higher amounts of total LTPA should be encouraged to prevent obesity. Among those willing to participate in vigorous LTPA, and for whom such activities are not contraindicated, vigorous LPTA should be encouraged. PMID: 22193920 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550228 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550227&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193921%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the effect of a high-fat diet on renal function and morphology in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a phenotype designed to mimic metabolic syndrome. High-fat diet induced increase (P < 0.05) in blood pressure, body weight, and renal lipid deposition in these rats. This increase in body weight was accompanied by elevations (P < 0.05) of blood glucose and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, a decrease (P < 0.05) in adiponectin and increases (P < 0.05) in plasma monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) along with renal macrophage infiltration. These pathophysiological perturbations were attenuated (P < 0.05) by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction by treatment with cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP). Further effects of CoPP included increased (P < 0.05) renal expres... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550227 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550226&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193922%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that in PWS subjects there is no predisposition to develop thrombotic events in association with EPCR gene alteration and demonstrates substantial differences regarding metabolic and inflammatory profile between PWS and non-PWS obese children, with further impairment in adults with PWS. PMID: 22193922 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550226 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5550225&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22193923%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explored reported barriers to treatment completion in a sample of adolescents and their parents who either completed or did not complete family-based cognitive behavioral lifestyle intervention for overweight and obese adolescents. The sample comprises 56 overweight or obese adolescents (52% female) aged 11.5-18.9 years (mean = 14.5, s.d. = 1.8) and a parent. 57% of families did not complete treatment and maintenance phases of the intervention. A telephone-administered questionnaire assessing barriers to participation was completed by 96% of adolescents and 91% of parent completers and 100% of adolescents and 94% of parent noncompleters. Adolescents and parents most commonly reported barriers to participation related to research demands, treatment approach, program components/st... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5550225 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5550225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534840&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22187042%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scroyen I, Frederix L, Lijnen HR Abstract To evaluate a potential role of Axl, the high affinity receptor of GAS6, (growth arrest specific protein 6) in adiposity, murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) derived from mice with genetic deficiency of Axl (Axl(-/-)) or wild-type littermates (Axl(+/+)) were differentiated into mature adipocytes. In addition, Axl(-/-) and Axl(+/+) mice were kept on standard fat diet (SFD) or on high fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks.Deficiency of Axl in MEF did not affect differentiation, as shown by a similar uptake of Oil Red O and expression of the adipogenic markers aP2 and PPAR at the end of the differentiation. In the first 7 weeks of HFD feeding, Axl(-/-) mice gained less weight than their wild-type littermates. Weight gain for both genotypes on... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534840 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534847&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173571%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this longitudinal study was to identify independent associations of the hormone milieu with fat distribution in postmenopausal women. Fifty-three healthy postmenopausal women, either using or not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were evaluated at baseline and 2 years. The main outcomes were intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, and total thigh fat analyzed by computed tomography scanning and leg fat and total body fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum estradiol, estrone, estrone sulfate, total testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and cortisol were assessed. On average, in all women combined, IAAT increased by 10% (10.5 cm(... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534847 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534846&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173572%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to distinguish between time constant factors from factors that are likely to change over time to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms explaining the correlation in sibling BMI. We exploit data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) over 1999-2007 estimating the correlation in BMI for adult siblings who currently live in separate households but grew-up in the same household and adolescent siblings currently living in the same household to isolate the influence of factors that change over time. The findings indicate that time constant factors explain some of the overall correlation in sibling BMI for both cohorts of siblings. Factors that change over time only significantly impact on the overall correlation in BMI for adolescent siblings suggesting if there i... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534846 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534845&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173573%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Trost SG, Fees BS, Haar SJ, Murray AD, Crowe LK Abstract The purpose of this study was to derive ActiGraph cut-points for sedentary (SED), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in toddlers and evaluate their validity in an independent sample. The predictive validity of established preschool cut-points were also evaluated and compared. Twenty-two toddlers (mean age = 2.1 years ± 0.4 years) wore an ActiGraph accelerometer during a videotaped 20-min play period. Videos were subsequently coded for physical activity (PA) intensity using the modified Children's Activity Rating Scale (CARS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to determine cut-points. Predictive validity was assessed in an ind... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534845 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534844&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173574%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to examine the association between insulin sensitivity and protein carbonyls, a systemic marker of oxidative stress, in healthy, nondiabetic women, and to determine if the relationship differed with race. Subjects were 25 African-Americans (AA, BMI 28.4 ± 6.2 kg/m(2), range 18.8-42.6 kg/m(2); age 33.1 ± 13.5 years, range 18-58 years) and 28 European-Americans (EA, BMI 26.2 ± 5.9 kg/m(2), range 18.7-48.4 kg/m(2); age 31.6 ± 12.4 years, range 19-58 years). Insulin sensitivity was determined using an intravenous glucose tolerance test incorporating [6,6-(2)H(2)]-glucose, and a two-compartment mathematical model. Multiple linear regression results indicated that insulin sensitivity was inversely associated with protein carbonyls in AA (standardized regressio... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534844 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534843&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173575%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bachman JL, Raynor HA Abstract Eating frequency has been inversely related to BMI but the impact of eating frequency on weight loss is unclear. This randomized controlled trial pilot study examined the effect of eating frequency on hunger, energy intake, and weight loss during a 6-month behavioral weight loss intervention. Participants (age: 51.0 ± 9.9 years, BMI: 35.5 ± 4.8 kg/m(2), 57.8% female, 94.1% white) were randomized to one of two eating frequency prescriptions: Three meal (n = 25): three eating bouts/day; or grazing (n = 26): eat at least 100 kcals every 2-3 h. Both groups attended 20 sessions and had identical dietary (1,200-1,500 kcals/day, <30% kcals from fat) and physical activity goals (200 min/week). Assessments were conducted at 0, 3, and 6 months. Us... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534843 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534842&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173576%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang LN, Gamo Y, Sinclair R, Mitchell SE, Morgan DG, Clapham JC, Speakman JR Abstract The endocannabinoids have been recognized as an important system involved in the regulation of energy balance. Rimonabant (SR141716), a selective inverse agonist of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), has been shown to cause weight loss. However, its suppressive impact on food intake is transient, indicating a likely additional effect on energy expenditure. To examine the effects of rimonabant on components of energy balance, we administered rimonabant or its vehicle to diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6 mice once daily for 30 days, by oral gavage. Rimonabant induced a persistent weight reduction and a significant decrease in body fatness across all depots. In addition to transiently reduced foo... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534842 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534841&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22173577%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examined the association of the Val66Met polymorphism with BMI in Koreans (n = 20,270) from three independent epidemiological cohorts. All three studies observed a consistent association of this polymorphism with BMI, and their combined analysis demonstrated a robust correlation (β = -0.17 ± 0.03 and P = 5.6 × 10(-8)). We also examined the effect of smoking on the link between Val66Met and BMI. The association of Val66Met with BMI was statistically significant only in the smoking group, reflecting a possible interaction between smoking and the BDNF polymorphism for BMI. Thus, we have confirmed BDNF as a genetic risk factor for BMI in an Asian population and hypothesize that the Val66Met mutation influences individual differences in BMI. In addition, smoking might inter... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534841 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534850&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22158004%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the relationships between elevated BMI (≥85th and ≥95th percentiles for age and sex) and the highest quintile of waist circumference (WC) with CVD risk factors, including fasting triglyceride (TGL), high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL), total cholesterol (TC), non-HDL cholesterol, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 3,644 3- to 6-year-old children included in the 1999-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Results showed that 20% (highest quintile) of the sample had a TC >170 mg/dl, LDL >109 mg/dl, TGL >103 mg/dl, non-HDL >128 mg/dl, CRP >0.13 mg/dl, WC >57.2 cm, and HDL <42 mg/dl. Increased BMI and WC were associated with increased CRP levels in non-Hispanic black boys and girls, Hispanic boys, and non-Hispanic ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534850 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534849&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22158005%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to examine associations of ever being overweight during 1-24 months, based on the older Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and WHO cutpoints, with risk of obesity at age 5 years. From well-child visits to a Massachusetts multi-site group practice during 1980-2008, we studied 15,488 children with length/height and weight measurements at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, and at 5 years. The main exposures were ever being overweight during 1-24 months using each of three cutpoints: CDC WFL ≥95th percentile, WHO WFL or BMI ≥97.7th percentile. The main outcome was obesity at 5 years (CDC BMI ≥95th percentile). We calculated multivariable odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and year. At 5 years, 10.8% of participants were obese... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534849 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5534848&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22158006%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Trottier MD, Naaz A, Kacynski K, Yenumula PR, Fraker PJ Abstract Class III obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and a variety of changes in immune function. Yet surprisingly little was known about the status of neutrophils that represent the first line of immune defense. The aim of this study was to assess key functions of neutrophils from class III obese patients, namely phagocytosis, superoxide production, chemotaxis, and response to endotoxin challenge, and compare their responses with lean controls. Thirty obese patients (BMI 48.8 ± 6.6 kg/m(2)) with comorbidities such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, etc. and nine lean (BMI between 20 and 25) subjects were enrolled in the study. Neutrophils from class III obese patients phagocytosed Escher... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5534848 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5534848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5475353&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134198%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined 5-year trends in BMI among obese primary care patients to determine whether obesity-related education such as nutrition counseling or a weight management program was associated with declines in BMI. Veterans with BMI ≥30 kg/m(2) and ≥1 primary care visits in fiscal year 2002 were identified from the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) national databases. Outpatient visits from fiscal year 2002-2006 for nutrition counseling, exercise, or weight management were grouped into five categories varying in intensity and duration: (i) intense-and-sustained, (ii) intense-only, (iii) irregular, (iv) limited, and (v) no counseling. Generalized estimating equation assessed associations between obesity-related counseling and BMI trend (annual rate of BMI change fiscal year 2002-2006) ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5475353 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5475353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5475352&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134199%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of Study 2 included testing the RFPM's ability to accurately estimate EI in free-living adults (N = 50) over 6 days, and energy and nutrient intake in laboratory-based meals. The RFPM did not differ significantly from DLW at estimating free-living EI (-152 ± 694 kcal/day, P = 0.16). During laboratory-based meals, estimating energy and macronutrient intake with the RFPM did not differ significantly compared to directly weighed intake. PMID: 22134199 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5475352 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5475352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5475351&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134200%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pritchett CE, Hajnal A Abstract The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been implicated in the regulation of appetite by acting as an anorexigenic gut-brain signal. The postprandial release of GLP-1 can be blunted in obese humans and animals. However, it remains unknown whether obesogenic diets with varying fat and carbohydrate content may differentially influence the effectiveness of GLP-1 feedback. To investigate this, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard (low fat) chow diet, or one of two high-energy diets varying in fat content (45 or 60 kcal%) for 28 weeks. Intake of sucrose and fructose solutions, two commonly added sugars in the Western diet, was then tested in nondeprived rats following administration of the GLP-1 receptor agonist, Exendin-... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5475351 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5475351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5475350&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22134201%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we examine the breadth of succination of tissue proteins in the db/db type 2 model of diabetes. We also determined the extent of succination in epididymal adipocytes of type 1 (Akita, streptozotocin (STZ)) and type 2 (ob/ob, db/db) diabetic mice, in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, and in the adipose tissue of ground squirrels in various stages of hibernation. While succination was not increased in most tissues (brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle) in the db/db model of diabetes, it was increased in all adipose beds of type 2 diabetic and DIO mice in comparison to their controls. Succination was not increased in adipocytes of type 1 diabetic mice. Adipose tissue from hibernating (HIB) 13-lined ground squirrels was also studied to determine if obesity in the absence of... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5475350 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5475350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439986&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108705%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22108705 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439986 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:36:39 +0100 5439986 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439985&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duncan DT PMID: 22108706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439985 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:36:29 +0100 5439985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439984&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22108707 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439984 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:36:20 +0100 5439984 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439983&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22108708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22108708 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439983 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:36:11 +0100 5439983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439991&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095112%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Johnson W, Chumlea WC, Czerwinski SA, Demerath EW Abstract The body adiposity index (BAI; hip circumference (cm)/height (m)(1.5) - 18) has recently been shown to demonstrate a stronger correlation with percentage body fat (%fat) than that between the BMI and %fat in Mexican-American adults. Here, we compare the concordance between %fat from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and BAI, and between %fat and BMI, in European-American adults (n = 623). Agreement between BAI, BMI, and %fat was assessed using Lin's concordance coefficients (ρ(c)), where values <0.90 are considered poor. In the sample as a whole, the agreement between BAI and %fat (ρ(c) = 0.752) was far better than that between BMI and %fat (ρ(c) = 0.445) but was nonetheless relatively poor. There were l... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439991 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439990&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095113%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, BAI was able to catch differences in adiposity in a sample of FPLD2 patients. It also correlated better with leptin levels than BMI. Therefore, we provide further evidence that BAI may become a more reliable indicator of fat mass content than the currently available measurements. PMID: 22095113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439990 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439989&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Scherag A, Kleber M, Boes T, Kolbe AL, Ruth A, Grallert H, Illig T, Heid IM, Toschke AM, Grau K, Sørensen TI, Hebebrand J, Hinney A, Reinehr T Abstract Genome-wide association analyses (GWAS) contributed to the detection of a number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity. However, little is known about the impact of the obesity-risk alleles on weight loss-related phenotypes after lifestyle interventions. A recent meta-analysis of GWAS reported five genomic loci near or in the genes FTO, MC4R, TMEM18, SDCCAG8, TNKS/MSRA that were associated with obesity in children and adolescents. Here, we analyzed the effect of the 10 SNPs representative of the five loci on measures of weight loss and cardiometabolic risk after a 1-year lifestyle intervention i... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439989 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439989 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439988&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095115%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Islam A, Civitarese AE, Hesslink RL, Gallaher DD Abstract Dietary interventions that reduce accumulation of body fat are of great interest. Consumption of viscous dietary fibers cause well-known positive metabolic effects, such as reductions in the postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. However, their effect on body composition and fuel utilization has not been previously studied. To examine this, rats were fed a viscous nonfermentable dietary fiber, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), for 6 weeks. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and fat pad weight. Plasma adipokines, AMP kinase activation, and enzyme and mRNA analysis of key regulators of energetics in liver and soleus muscle were measured. The HPMC diet significantly lo... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439988 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5439987&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095116%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to assess effects of structure, mode of consumption of food, and additional drinking of water on fullness and thirst. In study 1, 20 subjects (BMI 22.5 ± 0.5 kg/m(2); age 21.4 ± 3 years) underwent consumption conditions; SEW: solids to eat + 750 ml water to drink; LEW: liquefied soup to eat including 500 ml water + 250 ml water separately to drink; LDW: the same as LEW but served as drinks; SE, LE, and LD: the same as previous but without water to drink. In study 2, a subset of subjects underwent consumption conditions: solid carbohydrate, solid protein, solid fat: the same as SEW, but for each macronutrient separately; liquefied carbohydrate, liquefied protein, liquefied fat: the same as LEW, but for each macronutrient separately. Appetite, insulin concentration, gluco... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5439987 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5439987 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5420883&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076594%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Levine MD, Cheng Y, Marcus MD, Kalarchian MA Abstract Postpartum weight retention contributes to obesity risk in women. Given that most women who quit smoking as a result of pregnancy will resume smoking within 6 months postpartum and that there is a robust association between smoking and weight, we sought to evaluate postpartum weight retention as a function of postpartum smoking status among women who had quit smoking during pregnancy. Women (N = 183) with biochemically confirmed cigarette abstinence at the end of pregnancy were recruited between February 2003 and November 2006. Women self-reported demographic information and weight before pregnancy. Smoking status and weight were documented at the end of pregnancy and at 6, 12, and 24 weeks postpartum. Breastfeeding was... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5420883 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5420883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5420882&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shikany JM, Thomas AS, O McCubrey R, Beasley TM, Allison DB Abstract The possible effects on body weight of chewing gum on a regular schedule have not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We conducted an 8-week RCT in 201 overweight and obese adults to test the hypothesis that receiving printed material on good nutrition and chewing gum for a minimum of 90 min/day (n = 102) would lead to greater weight loss than receiving printed nutrition information only (n = 99). Changes in BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure were secondary outcomes. Adherence to the gum-chewing protocol in the intervention group was >95%. In the intention-to-treat analysis, there were virtually no changes in weight or BMI in either group between baseline and the end of the in... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5420882 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5420882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5420881&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22076596%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of exenatide on BMI (primary endpoint) and cardiometabolic risk factors in nondiabetic youth with extreme obesity. Twelve children and adolescents (age 9-16 years old) with extreme obesity (BMI ≥1.2 times the 95th percentile or BMI ≥35 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in a 6-month, randomized, open-label, crossover, clinical trial consisting of two, 3-month phases: (i) a control phase of lifestyle modification and (ii) a drug phase of lifestyle modification plus exenatide. Participants were equally randomized to phase-order (i.e., starting with control or drug therapy) then crossed-over to the other treatment. BMI, body fat percentage, blood pressure, lipids, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), adipokines, plasma biomarkers of endoth... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5420881 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5420881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379745&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22051940%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumanyika SK, Fassbender JE, Sarwer DB, Phipps E, Allison KC, Localio R, Morales KH, Wesby L, Harralson T, Kessler R, Tan-Torres S, Han X, Tsai AG, Wadden TA Abstract The Think Health! study evaluated a behavioral weight loss program adapted from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention to assist primary care providers (PCPs) and auxiliary staff acting as lifestyle coaches (LCs) in offering weight loss counseling to their patients. In a randomized trial conducted at five clinical sites, study participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio within each site to either "Basic Plus" (n = 137), which offered PCP counseling every 4 months plus monthly LC visits during the first year of treatment, or "Basic" (n = 124), which offered only PCP counseling ever... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379745 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379744&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22051941%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Allison DB, Gadde KM, Garvey WT, Peterson CA, Schwiers ML, Najarian T, Tam PY, Troupin B, Day WW Abstract A 56-week randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate safety and efficacy of a controlled-release combination of phentermine and topiramate (PHEN/TPM CR) for weight loss (WL) and metabolic improvements. Men and women with class II and III obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) were randomized to placebo, PHEN/TPM CR 3.75/23 mg, or PHEN/TPM CR 15/92 mg, added to a reduced-energy diet. Primary end points were percent WL and proportions of patients achieving 5% WL. Secondary end points included waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), fasting glucose, and lipid measures. In the primary analysis (randomized patients with at least one postbaseli... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379744 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5379746&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22046616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22046616 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5379746 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5379746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361259&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031040%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031040 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361259 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 19:05:44 +0100 5361259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361258&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031041%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031041 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361258 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 19:05:33 +0100 5361258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361257&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031042%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031042 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361257 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 19:05:23 +0100 5361257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361256&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031043%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22031043 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361256 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 19:05:13 +0100 5361256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361264&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030985%26dopt%3DAbstract This study found no independent association between overweight and school performance among primary school children. Results showed strong confounding by parental educational level. PMID: 22030985 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361264 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5361264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361263&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Williams PT Abstract Vigorous physical activity (running) has been shown to attenuate the association between diet and body weight. Walking is the most popular physical activity, but is a moderate-intensity physical activity because it requires less than sixfold the energy expenditure of sitting at rest. We therefore examined whether reported distance walked per week affected the relationship of diet to BMI and circumferences of the waist, hip, and chest in 30,014 female and 7,133 male participants of the National Walkers' Health Study. Reported meat and fruit intakes served as indicators of high-risk diets for weight gain. The analyses showed that higher meat and lower fruit intake were significantly and consistently associated with greater BMI and waist circumference at ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361263 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5361263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361262&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030987%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meisel SF, Walker C, Wardle J Abstract Genetic testing for obesity risk is increasingly available to the public but few studies have examined motivational or affective reactions. Here we report findings from a "vignette" study investigating reactions to "higher-risk" and "average-risk" results for the obesity-related FTO gene in two groups: a panel sample of individuals with weight concerns, for whom testing may have treatment implications (n = 306, mean age = 45 years, mean BMI = 35) and a student sample (n = 395, mean age = 25 years, mean BMI = 23), for whom testing would have implications for obesity prevention. Participants were given FTO gene information that described higher-risk alleles as linked with modest weight gain and slightly higher risk of obesity. They resp... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361262 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5361262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361261&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030988%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to investigate the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block structure of a region surrounding the candidate rs9939609 SNP and determine the best single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) combination that explains the higher proportion of variability observed in children with severe obesity, including obese subjects from families with a very high occurrence of obesity. A sliding window approach pointed to a block containing the rs1477196/rs17817449/rs9939609 haplotype (P value 3.1 × 10(-8)). Carriers of the GGA combination had an increased risk of obesity (odds ratio (OR) 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41-3.04, P = 2.0 × 10(-4)) with respect to those individuals with the reference ATT haplotype. A further SNP, rs9921255, also showed association with obesity (P = 8.3 × 10(-4), ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361261 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5361261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5361260&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22030989%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Honors MA, Hargrave SL, Kinzig KP Abstract Consumption of a high-fat (HF) diet results in insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Weight loss is often recommended to reverse these metabolic alterations and the use of a high-protein (HP), low-carbohydrate diet is encouraged. In lean rats, consumption of a HP diet improves glycemic control. However, it is unknown whether this diet has a similar effectiveness in rodents with impaired glucose tolerance. Rats were fed a HF or a chow (CH) diet for 6 weeks and then switched to a HP diet or a CH or pair-fed (PF) to the amount of kcals consumed per day by the HP group. Following the diet switch, body weight gain was attenuated as compared to HF rats, and similar between HP, CH, and PF rats. Despite similar weight progression, H... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5361260 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5361260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345198&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016090%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Matsuo T, Nakata Y, Murotake Y, Hotta K, Tanaka K Abstract Effects of gene variants in the fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene (primarily rs9939609) on weight loss induced by lifestyle intervention are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether FTO gene variations are associated with weight-reduction and changes in metabolic risk factors in response to a 14-week calorie restriction. In total, 204 Japanese women (aged 24-66 years; BMI ≥25 kg/m(2)) enrolled as subjects and attended dietary lectures instructing them on how to consume a nutritionally balanced diet of 1,200 kcal/day. Fat mass, both at baseline (P = 0.100) and after the intervention (P = 0.020), was higher in subjects with the AA genotype (n = 15; 7.3%) than in those with TT (n = 11... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345198 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345198 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345192&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016091%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we hypothesized that the motor cortex exhibits a distinct physical activity-associated gene expression profile, which may underlie changes in weight associated with movement. Using DNA microarrays we profiled gene expression in the motor cortex of a group of 14 female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with a wide range of stable physical activity levels. We found that neuronal growth factor signaling and nutrient sensing transcripts in the brain were highly correlated with physical activity. A follow-up of AKT3 expression changes (a gene at the apex of neuronal survival and nutrient sensing) revealed increased protein levels of total AKT, phosphorylated AKT, and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), one of AKT's main downstream effectors. In addition, we successfully validated three other ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345192 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345192 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345191&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016092%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xia MF, Yan HM, He WY, Li XM, Li CL, Yao XZ, Li RK, Zeng MS, Gao X Abstract Accurate measures of liver fat content are essential for investigating the role of hepatic steatosis in the pathophysiology of multiple metabolic disorders. No traditional imaging methods can accurately quantify liver fat content. [(1)H]-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is restricted in large-scale studies because of the practical and technological issues. Previous attempts on computer-aided ultrasound quantification of liver fat content varied in method, and the ultrasound quantitative parameters measured from different ultrasound machines were hardly comparable. We aimed to establish and validate a simple and propagable method for quantitative assessment of liver fat content based on the com... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345191 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345191 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345190&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016093%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McGee TL, Grima MT, Hewson ID, Jones KM, Duke EB, Dixon JB Abstract Eating behaviors impact satiety and caloric intake so should be considered in any weight-loss program. A novel custom-made oral device has been designed to be worn in the upper palate while eating in order to slow eating-rate and aid weight loss. The aim of this study was to assess the device's potential impact on weight-loss and gain first impressions among overweight/obese Australians. Twenty participants (M: 6, F: 14, mean age 36 years, BMI 27-33 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in a 4-month open-label trial. Each received a device and nutritionist-delivered diet plan. Weight, compliance, and acceptability were assessed fortnightly. Anthropometry, biochemical and clinical outcomes were measured at baseline and 16... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345190 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345189&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016094%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a higher WC is associated with an increased risk of HF independent of BMI in community-living older men and women. PMID: 22016094 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345189 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345188&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016095%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Leone N, Courbon D, Berr C, Barberger-Gateau P, Tzourio C, Alpérovitch A, Zureik M Abstract Whereas global obesity assessed by BMI has been related to asthma risk, little is known as to the potential implication of abdominal adiposity in this relationship. In the elderly, in whom asthma remains poorly studied, abdominal adiposity tends to increase at the expense of muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between abdominal adiposity, assessed by waist circumference (WC), and prevalence and incidence of asthma in a large elderly cohort. Cross-sectional analysis was based on 7,643 participants aged ≥65 years including 592 (7.7%) with lifetime physician-diagnosed asthma. Longitudinal analysis involved 6,267 baseline nonasthmatics followed-u... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345188 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345187&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pagoto SL, Schneider KL, Bodenlos JS, Appelhans BM, Whited MC, Ma Y, Lemon SC Abstract Recent studies suggest a possible link between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obesity risk, which would have implications for the development of obesity-related diseases in this population. The present study examined the association between PTSD and obesity and whether this association differed by sex in a representative sample of the US population. A secondary objective was to determine whether the association between PTSD and obesity was mediated by binge eating disorder (BED). Data were from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), which comprises three nationally representative cross-sectional surveys that were conducted between 2001 and 2003. Logistic re... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345187 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345186&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Diane A, Pierce WD, Heth CD, Russell JC, Richard D, Proctor SD Abstract We hypothesized that obese-prone genotype and history of food restriction confer a survival advantage to genetically obese animals under environmental challenge. Male juvenile JCR:LA-cp rats, obese-prone and lean-prone, were exposed to 1.5 h daily meals and 22.5-h voluntary wheel running, a procedure inducing activity anorexia (AA). One week before the AA challenge, obese-prone rats were freely fed (obese-FF), or pair fed (obese-PF) to lean-prone, free-feeding rats (lean-FF). Animals were removed from protocol at 75% of initial body weight (starvation criterion) or after 14 days (survival criterion). AA challenge induced weight loss in all rats, but percent weight loss was more rapid and sustained in l... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345186 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345185&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016098%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raymond NC, Peterson RE, Bartholome LT, Raatz SK, Jensen MD, Levine JA Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in energy intake or energy expenditure that distinguish overweight/obese women with and without binge eating disorder (BED). Seventeen overweight/obese women with BED and 17 overweight/obese controls completed random 24-h dietary recall interviews, and had total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) assessed by the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique with concurrent food log data collection. Participants received two baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans and had basal metabolic rate (BMR) and thermic effect of food (TEF) measured using indirect calorimetry. Results indicated no between group differences in TDEE,... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345185 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345184&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016099%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Rubin RR, Wing RR, Walkup MP, Fabricatore AN, Coday M, Van Dorsten B, Mount DL, Ewing LJ Abstract Depressed individuals are frequently excluded from weight loss trials because of fears that weight reduction may precipitate mood disorders, as well as concerns that depressed participants will not lose weight satisfactorily. The present study examined participants in the Look AHEAD study to determine whether moderate weight loss would be associated with incident symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation, and whether symptoms of depression at baseline would limit weight loss at 1 year. Overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 5,145) were randomly assigned to an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) or a usual care group, Diabetes Suppo... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345184 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345183&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Haas MJ, Mazza AD, Wong NC, Mooradian AD Abstract Obesity is associated with increased serum endocannabinoid (EC) levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the primary protein component of HDL is expressed primarily in the liver and small intestine. To determine whether ECs regulate apo A-I gene expression directly, the effect of the obesity-associated ECs anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol on apo A-I gene expression was examined in the hepatocyte cell line HepG2 and the intestinal cell line Caco-2. Apo A-I protein secretion was suppressed nearly 50% by anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines. Anandamide treatment suppressed both apo A-I mRNA and apo A-I gene promoter activi... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345183 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345182&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016101%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bemelmans RH, van der Graaf Y, Nathoe HM, Wassink AM, Vernooij JW, Spiering W, Visseren FL Abstract Abdominal obesity is characterized by sympathetic nerve activation (SNA), probably mediated by elevated insulin and leptin levels. Resting heart rate (RHR) is a marker of sympathetic tone, and independently associated with cardiovascular events and death in various populations. We investigated and quantified the relation between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and RHR in patients with vascular disease. In 3,723 patients with manifest vascular disease, visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue was measured with ultrasonography. RHR was obtained from an electrocardiogram (ECG). The association between quartiles of VAT and RHR was quantified using linear regression analysis with adjus... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345182 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345181&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22016102%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of our study were to determine whether there is a bidirectional relationship between obesity and symptoms of depression in younger adults and whether this relationship varies with sociodemographic factors. We used data from 7,980 participants in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 to examine whether baseline depressive symptoms (score ≥ 10 on a seven-item subscale of the CES-D) in 1992, predicted adjusted percent change in BMI between 1992 and 1994. We then examined whether obesity in 1992 predicted the development of symptoms of depression in 1994, after adjustment for confounders. We found that the presence of baseline depressive symptoms was not prospectively associated with increase in percent BMI, except in Hispanic women. Additionally, baseline obesity was... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345181 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345217&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996656%26dopt%3DAbstract This study also examined whether weight stereotypes and intentions to befriend these peers are related to intentions to help. Fifty-one children, aged 4-8, were interviewed about their stereotypes and behavioral intentions. Findings revealed that children were less likely to help overweight than average weight peers. Children who did not hold positive stereotypes about thinness and those who chose to play with overweight peers were more likely to help peers who are overweight. Results suggest that weight prejudice is pervasive and that children who are overweight might not be offered aid in classroom settings, highlighting the need for early intervention. PMID: 21996656 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345217 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345216&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996657%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we sought to compare which measurement-BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)-is most strongly associated with development of colon adenomas, a precursor of colon cancer, and to investigate differences in this association between racial groups. We confirmed the strong association between WHR, as a measure of central obesity, and development of colon neoplasia. In our overall analysis, patients in the highest WHR quartile showed a substantial increase in risk of colon adenomas compared to patients in the lowest WHR quartile (odds ratio (OR) = 1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-2.71, P(trend) = 0.0017). In stratified analyses, we noted that strongly associated obesity measures in European Americans were WC (OR = 2.38, 95% ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345216 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345216 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345215&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996658%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yumi M, Toru N, Shuichiro Y, Yoshihiko T, Tetsuji Y, Tetsuya M, Mitsuhiko N Abstract The relationships between metabolic risk factors and abdominal fat distribution determined using computed tomography (CT) are poorly defined in large populations. We investigated the cutoff values of the visceral fat area (VFA) to detect subjects with multiple risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) by sex and age groups, and attempted to examine whether sex- and age-specific cutoff values are needed. The subjects of this study were 11,561 Japanese men and women who participated in the Hitachi Health Study, received CT examination, and answered questionnaires on lifestyles between 2004 and 2009. VFA and waist circumference were measured using CT. The VFA cutoff values yielding an 80% sensi... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345215 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345214&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stults-Kolehmainen MA, Stanforth PR, Bartholomew JB Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether quantity of fat is different across the central (i.e., android, trunk) and peripheral (i.e., arm, leg, and gynoid) regions among young African-American (AA), Asian (AS), Hispanic (HI), and non-Hispanic white (NHW) women. A cohort of 1,161 women (18-30 years) from university physical activity classes were assessed for body composition via dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The mean total body fat percent (TBF%, , range = 11.4-54.4%) indicates sufficient variability for the aims. A linear mixed model (LMM) revealed an ethnicity by region fat% interaction (P < 0.0001). Differences existed between ethnicities for each region fat% (all P's < 0.0001) except be... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345214 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345213&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996660%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zeigler CC, Persson GR, Wondimu B, Marcus C, Sobko T, Modéer T Abstract To test the hypothesis whether microbiota in oral biofilm is linked with obesity in adolescents we designed this cross-sectional study. Obese adolescents (n = 29) with a mean age of 14.7 years and normal weight subjects (n = 58) matched by age and gender were examined with respect to visible plaque index (VPI%) and gingival inflammation (bleeding on probing (BOP%)). Stimulated saliva was collected. They answered a questionnaire concerning medical history, medication, oral hygiene habits, smoking habits, and sociodemographic background. Microbiological samples taken from the gingival crevice was analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. The sum of bacterial cells in subgingival biofilm ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345213 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345212&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kiernan M, Moore SD, Schoffman DE, Lee K, King AC, Taylor CB, Kiernan NE, Perri MG Abstract Social support could be a powerful weight-loss treatment moderator or mediator but is rarely assessed. We assessed the psychometric properties, initial levels, and predictive validity of a measure of perceived social support and sabotage from friends and family for healthy eating and physical activity (eight subscales). Overweight/obese women randomized to one of two 6-month, group-based behavioral weight-loss programs (N = 267; mean BMI 32.1 ± 3.5; 66.3% White) completed subscales at baseline, and weight loss was assessed at 6 months. Internal consistency, discriminant validity, and content validity were excellent for support subscales and adequate for sabotage subscales; qualitat... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345212 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345211&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996662%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vachharajani V, Cunningham C, Yoza B, Carson Jr J, Vachharajani TJ, McCall C Abstract Obesity increases circulating cell-endothelial cell interactions; an early marker of inflammation in laboratory model of sepsis, but little is known about the effect of different adipokines. Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory adipokine secreted by adipocytes. Adiponectin deficiency is implicated in exaggerated proinflammatory phenotype in both obesity and sepsis via increased proinflammatory cytokine expression. However the effect of adiponectin deficiency on circulating cell-endothelial cell interactions in polymicrobial sepsis is unknown. Furthermore although brain dysfunction in septic patients is a known predictor of death, the pathophysiology involved is unknown. In the current stud... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345211 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345210&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996663%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association of habitual sleep quantity and quality with the self-reported pattern of eating behavior in 53 healthy urban adults with parental history of type 2 diabetes (30 F/23 M; mean (s.d.) age: 27 (4) years; BMI: 23.9 (2.3) kg/m(2)) while taking into consideration the amount of their everyday physical activity. Participants completed 13 (3) days of sleep and physical activity monitoring by wrist actigraphy and waist accelerometry while following their usual lifestyle at home. Overnight laboratory polysomnography was used to screen for sleep disorders. Subjective sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Eating behavior was assessed using the original 51-item and the revised 18-item version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire including meas... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345210 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345209&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tryggestad JB, Thompson DM, Copeland KC, Short KR Abstract The childhood obesity epidemic is expected to increase cardiovascular disease risk, but the impact of obesity on vascular function in children is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of obesity and maturation on vascular function in normal weight (BMI: 25-75 percentile) and obese (BMI: ≥95 percentile) children ages 8-18 years old. Large and small artery elasticity (LAEI and SAEI, respectively), measured by diastolic radial pulsewave contour analysis, and reactive hyperemia index (RHI), measured by peripheral arterial tonometry, were obtained, along with anthropometric and biochemical outcomes, in 61 normal weight and 62 obese children. SAEI and LAEI increased with age and we... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345209 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345208&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996665%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the relationship between habitual sleep curtailment and physical activity in adults with parental history of type 2 diabetes. Forty-eight young urban adults with parental history of type 2 diabetes (27 F/21 M; mean (s.d.) age 26 (4) years; BMI 23.8 (2.5) kg/m(2)) each completed 13 (2) days of sleep and physical activity monitoring by wrist actigraphy and waist accelerometry while following their usual lifestyle at home. Laboratory polysomnography was used to screen for sleep disorders. The primary outcome of the study was the comparison of total daily activity counts between participants with habitual sleep <6 vs. ≥6 h/night. Secondary measures included daily time spent sedentary and in light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. Short sleepers had no sleep abnormali... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345208 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345207&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996666%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu Y Abstract Both body weight and educational attainment have risen in the United States. Empirical evidence regarding educational differences in obesity (BMI ≥30) is inconsistent. According to some widely cited claims, these differences have declined since the 1970s, and the most educated have experienced the greatest gain in obesity. Prior research was limited in grouping college graduates with nongraduates, combining men and women in the same analysis, and using self-reported rather than measured anthropometric information. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), we address these issues and examine changing educational differences in obesity from 1971-1980 to 1999-2006 for non-Hispanic whites and blacks in two separate age groups (25-44 ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345207 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345207 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345204&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996667%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vaanholt LM, Magee V, Speakman JR Abstract The effectiveness of caloric restriction (CR) as a treatment for obesity varies considerably between individuals. Reasons for this interindividual variation in weight loss in response to CR may lie in pre-existing individual differences and/or individual differences in compensatory responses. Here we studied the responses of 127 MF1 mice to 30% CR over four weeks, and investigated whether pre-existing differences or compensatory changes in body temperature, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and behavior explained the variation observed in body mass (BM) and fat mass (FM) changes. Mice showed considerable variation in BM loss (36-1%), and in the type of tissue lost (FM or fat free mass, FFM). About 50% of the variation in BM and FM loss... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345204 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345201&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996668%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined baseline status and short-term changes in anxiety, depression, anger, disruptive behavior, and self-concept in 37 adolescents (mean age 16.6 ± 1.3). Participants completed the Beck Youth Inventories (BYI) at inclusion and (on average) 4 months after undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Internalizing (anxiety and depression) and externalizing (anger and disruptive behavior) symptoms were higher at baseline than gender-specific norms. One fifth had a very low self-concept. Four months after surgery, the adolescents showed significantly fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression and significantly improved self-concept from baseline. Anger and disruptive behavior showed no significant changes. An analysis of clinically meaningful changes was conducted, and besides the... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345201 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345200&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996669%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sohn MW, Budiman-Mak E, Oh EH, Park MS, Stuck RM, Stone NJ, Pearce WB Abstract The association between BMI and amputation risk is not currently well known. We used data for a cohort of diabetic patients treated in the US Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System in 2003. Men aged <65 years at the end of follow-up were examined for their amputation risk and amputation-free survival during the next 5 years (2004-2008). Compared to overweight individuals (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), the risks of amputation and treatment failure (amputation or death) were higher for patients with BMI <25 kg/m(2) and were lower for those with BMI ≥30 kg/m(2). Individuals with BMI ≥40 kg/m(2) were only half as likely to experience any (hazard ratios (HR) = 0.49; 95% confidence interva... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345200 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5345199&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21996670%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lajunen HR, Kaprio J, Rose RJ, Pulkkinen L, Silventoinen K Abstract To investigate how parental education modifies genetic and environmental influences on variation in BMI during adolescence, self-reported BMI at 11-12, 14, and 17 years of age was collected from a population sample of 2,432 complete Finnish twin pairs born in 1983-1987. Based on parental report, twins were divided to those with high (both parents high school graduates), mixed level (one parent a graduate, the other not), and limited (neither parent a graduate) parental education. Genetic and environmental influences on variation in BMI in different education classes were modeled using twin analysis. Heritability of BMI among 11-12-year-olds with high parental education was 85-87% whereas it was 61-68% if p... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5345199 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5345199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297493&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21979390%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the association between measures of adiposity and self-reported periodontal disease, using data from 36,910 healthy male participants of the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) who were free of periodontal disease at baseline and followed for ≤20 years (1986-2006). Self-reported height, weight, and periodontal disease data were collected at baseline, weight and periodontal disease were additionally collected on biennial follow-up questionnaires and waist and hip circumference were self-reported in 1987. These self-reported measures have been previously validated. The multivariable adjusted associations between BMI (kg/m(2)), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and first report of periodontal disease diagnosis were evaluated using time-varying Cox model... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297493 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297492&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21979391%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we show for the first time that adipose RAS overactivation causes glucose intolerance and systemic insulin resistance. The mechanisms appear to be via reduced skeletal muscle glucose uptake, at least in part due to Ang II-induced, NADPH oxidase and NFκB-dependent increases in WAT inflammation. PMID: 21979391 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297492 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297492 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297491&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21979392%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gaborit B, Kober F, Jacquier A, Moro PJ, Flavian A, Quilici J, Cuisset T, Simeoni U, Cozzone P, Alessi MC, Clément K, Bernard M, Dutour A Abstract Epicardial fat (EF) is an active ectopic fat depot, which has been associated with coronary atherosclerosis, and which could early influence endothelial function. We thus investigated the relationship between EF and endothelium-dependent vasoreactivity of the coronary microcirculation, in highly selected healthy volunteers. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was determined by measuring coronary sinus flow with velocity-encoded cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3T. We measured MBF at baseline and in response to sympathetic stimulation by cold pressor testing (CPT) in 30 healthy volunteers with normal left ventricular (LV) functi... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297491 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297491 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280327&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21720438%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the short-term effectiveness of a multidisciplinary residential obesity treatment program by describing changes in body weight, related measures, and gross motor co-ordination. Secondarily, it was examined to what extent the amount of relative weight loss achieved by overweight and obese (OW/OB) participants explained the projected improvement in gross motor co-ordination. Thirty-six OW/OB children (aged 10.5 ± 1.4 years, 12 girls and 24 boys) were recruited at the Zeepreventorium VZW (De Haan, Belgium), where they followed a specific program consisting of moderate dietary restriction, psychological support, and physical activity. For reference purposes, an additional group of 36 age- and gender-matched healthy-weight (HW) children was included in the study. Anthropom... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280327 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280326&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21946395%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21946395 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280326 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280325&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959341%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we demonstrate that pharmacologic depletion of the antioxidant glutathione in mice prevents diet-induced obesity, increases energy expenditure and locomotor activity, and enhances insulin sensitivity. These observations support a beneficial role of ROS in glucose homeostasis and warrant further research to define the regulation of metabolism and energy balance by ROS. PMID: 21959341 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280325 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280324&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959342%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined cross-sectional relationships with obesity and prospective relationships with weight gain using the data from 299 participants of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS), all of whom were free of diabetes at baseline. Four urinary F(2)-IsoPs were assayed in stored baseline urine samples using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry: iPF(2α)-III, 2,3-dinor-iPF(2α)-III, iPF(2α)-VI, and 8,12-iso-iPF(2α)-VI (F(2)-IsoP 1-4, respectively). Baseline F(2)-IsoPs were positively associated with baseline measures of obesity; the strongest associations were found with two F(2)-IsoPs: odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for overall and abdominal obesity were 1.74 (1.26-2.40) and 1.63 (1.18-2.24) for F(2)-IsoP2 and 1.47 (1.12-1.94) and 1.64 (1.22-2.20) for F(2)... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280324 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280323&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959343%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, neither IPA nor SED was associated with abdominal obesity among inactive men and women. PMID: 21959343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280323 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280322&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959344%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the relationship between SES and obesity using two indicators of SES: education or possession assets. Using the cross-sectional 2008 National Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru (ENDES 2008), we investigated this relationship in women aged 15-49 years living in rural and urban settings. Descriptive, linear and logistic regressions analyses were conducted accounting for the multistage nature of the sampling design. The overall prevalence of obesity in this study was 14.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.3-14.8); 8.4% (95% CI: 7.5-9.3) in rural areas and 16.2% (95% CI: 15.2-17.2) in urban areas. Wealthier women were more likely to be obese, and this association was stronger in rural areas. Conversely, more educated women were less likely to be obese, especially... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280322 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280321&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959345%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, among overweight and obese persons with diabetes, an ILI that reduced weight was associated with an increased NT-proBNP. PMID: 21959345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280321 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280320&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959346%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates effects of insulin on regional adipose tissue lipolysis and lactate levels in upper-body overweight/obese (UBO), lower-body overweight/obese (LBO), and lean women. The microdialysis technique was used to assess adipose tissue glycerol and lactate concentrations in abdominal and femoral fat during a 5-h basal period and a 2-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. The main findings were that the antilipolytic effect of insulin was attenuated in abdominal fat of UBO (glycerol reduction, abd (%): UBO 40.4 (-14 to 66), LBO 46.0 (-8 to 66), lean 66.2 (2-78), ANOVA, P < 0.05), and in femoral fat in both obese groups (glycerol reduction, fem (%): UBO 44.4 (35-67), LBO 44.4 (0-63), lean 65.0 (43-79), ANOVA, P < 0.05). Further, abdominal fat insulin-mediated increase in la... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280320 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280319&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959347%26dopt%3DAbstract This study confirms the mechanisms of simultaneous activities of intrinsic coagulation factors and impaired fibrinolysis predisposing obese subjects to thrombosis. PMID: 21959347 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280319 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5280318&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959348%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Griffiths C, Gately P, Marchant PR, Cooke CB Abstract Research suggests that there has been a leveling off in obesity prevalence occurring in the child population. However, a concern with the evidence base is that all of the studies have relied upon the use of BMI. The purpose of this study was to compare waist circumference (WC), BMI, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) data in three different sample of children (total number: 14,697) typically aged 11-12 years. Obesity prevalence defined by BMI did not change significantly between measurement years (2005 boys 20.6%, girls 18.0%; 2006 boys 19.3%, girls 17.3%; 2007 boys 19.8%, girls 16.4%). Obesity prevalence defined by WC was considerably higher especially, in girls (2005 boys 26.3%, girls 35.6%; 2006 boys 20.3%, girls 28.2%... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5280318 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5280318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260610&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938072%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: St-Onge MP, Salinardi T, Herron-Rubin K, Black RM Abstract Mannooligosaccharides (MOS), extracted from coffee, have been shown to promote a decrease in body fat when consumed as part of free-living, weight-maintaining diets. Our objective was to determine if MOS consumption (4 g/day), in conjunction with a weight-loss diet, would lead to greater reductions in adipose tissue compartments than placebo. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled weight-loss study in which 60 overweight men and women consumed study beverages and received weekly group counseling for 12 weeks. Weight and blood pressure were measured weekly, and adipose tissue distribution was assessed at baseline and at end point using magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 54 subjects completed the study. ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260610 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5260610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260609&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938073%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the unique contributions of LOC and episode size to negative affect surrounding eating episodes in binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity. Twenty-two obese adults with (n = 9) and without (n = 13) BED completed daily records of eating patterns and mood using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Linear mixed modeling revealed that across groups, greater premeal self-reported LOC was associated with higher premeal negative affect independent of episode size. For individuals with BED, greater premeal self-reported LOC was associated with higher postmeal negative affect, regardless of the amount of food eaten, whereas for obese controls, the combination of LOC and consumption of large amounts of food was associated with lower postmeal negative affect. Results indicate th... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260609 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5260609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260608&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938074%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, weight loss is effective in treating obese children with SDB. At baseline, a link exists between inflammation and SDB. Oxidative stress is reflected by UA at baseline and the concentration decreases after treatment according to improvements in SDB. PMID: 21938074 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260608 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5260608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260607&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938075%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Villareal DT, Smith GI, Shah K, Mittendorfer B Abstract Although weight loss ameliorates many of the metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity, there has been reluctance to prescribe weight loss in obese, older individuals because of the fear that it will cause debilitating loss of muscle mass and impair physical function. To gain insight into the mechanisms responsible for the weight loss-induced changes in muscle mass, we measured the rate of muscle protein synthesis (by using stable isotope labeled tracer methodology) during basal, postabsorptive conditions and during mixed meal ingestion in eight obese, older adults: (i) before weight loss therapy, (ii) ~3 months after starting the weight loss intervention (i.e., during the active weight loss phase), when subject... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260607 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5260607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5260606&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938076%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kyulo NL, Knutsen SF, Fraser GE, Singh PN Abstract The effect of overweight and obesity on the risk of fatal disease tends to attenuate with age. To evaluate whether this effect is partly attributable to disease-related weight loss, we examined the prebaseline history of weight loss and diseases associated with weight loss among adults enrolled in a cohort study. We conducted an analysis of 7,855 adult cohort members of the Adventist Health Study (AHS) I who had provided anthropometric data on surveys at baseline and 17 years prior to baseline. Among adults in the recommended range of BMI (19-25 kg/m(2)) at baseline we found that: (i) the prevalence of prebaseline weight loss of 5 kg/m(2) from an overweight or obese state was 20.4% and increased with age (12.6% for <65 ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5260606 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5260606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5231113&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21918578%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kennaway DJ, Owens JA, Voultsios A, Wight N Abstract Clock(δ19)+MEL mutant mice, which retain melatonin rhythmicity, but lack peripheral tissue rhythmicity have impaired glucose tolerance, but reduced plasma free fatty acids, increased plasma adiponectin, and improved insulin sensitivity. Here, we report their response to a high-fat diet and adipocyte rhythmicity and function. The diet increased epigonadal fat weight similarly (twofold) in both wild-type and Clock(δ19)+MEL mice. The Clock(δ19) mutation abolished rhythmicity of Per2, Rev erbα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (Pparγ ) mRNA in epigonadal fat, but not Bmal1 mRNA, and reduced Rev erbα mRNA by 59 and 70% compared to the wild-type mice on the control and high-fat diets, respectively. The mu... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5231113 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5231113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5219056&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901024%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined how these beverages associate with regional abdominal adiposity measures, specifically visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In a cross-sectional analysis of 791 non-Hispanic white men and women aged 18-70 we examined how beverage consumption habits obtained from a food frequency questionnaire associate with overall and abdominal adiposity measures from MRI. With increasing frequency of SSB intake, we observed increases in waist circumference (WC) and the proportion of visceral to subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (VAT%), with no change in total body fat (TBF%) or BMI. Greater frequency of diet beverage intake was associated with greater WC, BMI, and TBF%, but was not associated with variation in visceral adiposity We conclude that increased frequency of SSB consumption is associa... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5219056 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5219056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5219055&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901025%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this work confirms the inflammatory nature of obesity and is the first to report that obesity is associated with reduced endothelial cell numbers in the bone marrow of humans. These effects of obesity may be a potential mechanism for impaired tissue repair in obese patients. PMID: 21901025 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5219055 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5219055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5219054&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21904299%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigate whether there are differences in the RORγ1 and PPARγ2 expression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from morbid obesity (MO) individuals either insulin resistant (high-IR MO) or insulin sensitivity (low-IR MO). Our results indicate for the first time in human the RORγ1 mRNA and protein expression levels and activation with coactivator, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) were higher in the VAT from high-IR MO. In contrast, PPARγ2 expression and activation were higher in the VAT from low-IR MO. In this way, we have also found a positive association between RORγ1 mRNA and protein expression with many components of metabolic syndrome, with a strong dependence of insulin and HOMA... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5219054 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5219054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5219057&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21881620%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lam YY, Mitchell AJ, Holmes AJ, Denyer GS, Gummesson A, Caterson ID, Hunt NH, Storlien LH PMID: 21881620 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5219057 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5219057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176205&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21874026%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 21874026 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176205 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 16:28:17 +0100 5176205 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176204&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21874027%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schulze MB, Stefan N PMID: 21874027 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176204 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 16:28:13 +0100 5176204 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176203&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21874028%26dopt%3DAbstract Response to "weight loss, blood pressure reduction, and aortic stiffness: an old dilemma revisited". Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011 Sep;19(9):1730 Authors: Rider OJ, Tayal U, Francis JM, Ali MK, Robinson M, Byrne JP, Clarke K, Neubauer S PMID: 21874028 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176203 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 16:28:08 +0100 5176203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176215&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869755%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Müller MJ, Bosy-Westphal A, Lagerpusch M, Heymsfield SB Abstract Balance methods reveal changes in body energy, nitrogen, macro- and micronutrients as well as fluid in response to different feeding regimens. Under metabolic ward conditions, where physical activity is restricted and activity and food intake are controlled, the errors of estimates of energy intake, energy expenditure, and energy losses are about 2, 4, and 2%, respectively. Balance techniques can be used to validate techniques of in vivo body composition analysis (BCA). This is necessary since immediate and transient changes in body composition in response to a change in diet adversely affect the validity of techniques by violating the assumptions underlying standard methods (i.e., a constant composition or ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176215 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176215 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176214&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869756%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, in obese men, a short and easy-to-perform low intensity training program restored diastolic function and cardiac synchrony and improved body composition without weight loss. PMID: 21869756 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176214 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176213&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869757%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu R, Liu X, Arguelles LM, Patwari PP, Zee PC, Chervin RD, Ouyang F, Christoffel KK, Zhang S, Hong X, Wang G, Xu X, Wang X Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and body composition and to estimate the genetic contribution of sleep duration and body composition in a Chinese twin population. This cross-sectional analysis included 738 men and 511 women aged 21-72 year. Anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of body composition were used. Sleep duration was obtained from a standard sleep questionnaire. Multiple regression models were used to examine the association between sleep duration and body composition measures. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the heritability of sleep durati... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176213 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176212&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869758%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Foucault AS, Mathé V, Lafont R, Even P, Dioh W, Veillet S, Tomé D, Huneau JF, Hermier D, Quignard-Boulangé A Abstract Besides their well-known effect in the molting control in insects, ecdysteroids are steroid hormones that display potential pharmacologic and metabolic properties in mammals. The most common ecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is found in many plants such as quinoa. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of quinoa extract (Q) enriched in 20E supplementation to prevent the onset of diet-induced obesity and to regulate the expression of adipocyte-specific genes in mice. Mice were fed a standard low-fat (LF) or a high-fat (HF) diet with or without supplementation by 20E-enriched Q or pure 20E for 3 weeks. Supplementation with Q reduce... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176212 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176211&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869759%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Couturier J, Patel SG, Iyer D, Balasubramanyam A, Lewis DE Abstract Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and HIV-associated lipodystrophy are associated with abnormalities in adipocyte growth and differentiation. In persons with these conditions, adipose depots contain increased numbers of macrophages, but the origins of these cells and their specific effects are uncertain. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)-derived monocytes, but not T cells, cocultured via transwells with primary subcutaneous preadipocytes, increased proliferation (approximately twofold) and reduced differentiation (~50%) of preadipocytes. Gene expression analyses in proliferating preadipocytes (i.e., prior to hormonal induction of terminal differentiation) revealed that monocytes down-regulated mRNA levels ... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176211 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176211 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176210&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vicente-Rodríguez G, Rey-López JP, Mesana MI, Poortvliet E, Ortega FB, Polito A, Nagy E, Widhalm K, Sjöström M, Moreno LA Abstract To increase knowledge about reliability and intermethods agreement for body fat (BF) is of interest for assessment, interpretation, and comparison purposes. It was aimed to examine intra- and inter-rater reliability, interday variability, and degree of agreement for BF using air-displacement plethysmography (Bod-Pod), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and skinfold measurements in European adolescents. Fifty-four adolescents (25 females) from Zaragoza and 30 (14 females) from Stockholm, aged 13-17 years participated in this study. Two trained raters in each center assessed BF with Bod-Pod, DXA, B... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176210 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176210 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176209&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869761%26dopt%3DAbstract This report assessed the secular trends in the care of overweight and investigated the secular association between obesity with care of overweight in primary care and self-care of overweight. Cross-sectional evaluation of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) and the Continuous NHANES (1999-2008) was employed; the total sample comprised 31,039 nonpregnant adults aged 20-90 years. The relationship between diagnosed overweight, and directed weight loss with time and obesity was assessed. Despite the combined secular increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI >25.0 kg/m(2)) between 1994 and 2008 (56.1-69.1%), there was no secular change in the odds of being diagnosed overweight by a physician when adjusted for covariates; however, ove... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176209 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176209 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176208&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869762%26dopt%3DAbstract This study suggests that including text messages in obesity interventions is acceptable to obese adolescents as a means of supporting their weight loss efforts, and it highlights the need for such messages to be carefully constructed. PMID: 21869762 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obesity) Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176208 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176208 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5176207&cid=s_36416_164_f&fid=36416&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21869763%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined an ethnically diverse cohort of healthy, exclusively prepubertal children (N = 123; F = 57, M = 66; age 8.04 ± 0.77 years) to examine differences in insulin sensitivity and ectopic and visceral fat deposition between obese and nonobese youth. Obesity was categorized by age- and sex-adjusted BMI z-scores (nonobese = z-score <2 (N = 94) and obese = z-score ≥2 (N = 29)). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by both a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (S(i)) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs) from soleus and intrahepatic lipids (IHLs) were assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by magnetic resonance imaging, and total body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiom... Obesity journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5176207 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5176207