MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Occupational and Environmental Medicine' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 08:40:42 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590603&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F153%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Cadmium appears to be associated with overall cancer mortality in men and women, but the specific cancers associated differ between men and women, suggesting avenues for future research. Limitations of the study include the possibility of uncontrolled confounding by cigarette smoking or other factors, and the limited number of deaths due to some cancers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590603 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590602&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F150%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The timing of this significant decline in the UK incidence of chromate attributed ACD, and the greater decline in workers potentially exposed to cement strongly suggests that the EU Directive2003/53/EC was successful in reducing exposure to chromate in cement in the UK. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590602 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590601&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F147%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A graded dose–response trend between distance to lines and odds of stillbirth was not found, but the likelihood of term stillbirth was elevated for residences within 25 m of power transmission lines. Residential proximity to transmission lines is unlikely to be associated with stillbirth, but more research is needed to rule out a possible link. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590601 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590600&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F140%3Frss%3D1 The objective of the current study was to perform a systematic literature review of work-related infectious disease to assist in the identification of occupational infectious disease risks. A literature search of papers on work-related infectious disease published between 1999 and 2008 yielded 1239 papers of which 242 met the selection criteria and were included in the review. The results of the systematic literature review were arranged in a matrix of occupational groups and exposure pathways. Increased risk from infectious diseases appeared to be concentrated in specific professions. Healthcare workers, workers in contact with animals, laboratory workers and refuse workers seem to have the highest risk of infection by a variety of pathogens. However, pathogens reported to be associated w... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590600 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590600 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590599&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F133%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The traffic policy in Rome was effective in reducing traffic-related air pollution, but most of the health gains were found in well-off residents. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590599 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590598&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F126%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These results could suggest a role for early life biological exposures in the development of haematological cancers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590598 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590597&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F119%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Urinary pesticide residues reveal high environmental exposure among children in rural Nicaragua. The quantitative parental pesticide use indices as proxies for children's exposures during different periods may be useful for the evaluation of developmental health effects. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590597 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590596&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F113%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Modelled TCDD exposure does not explain the previously reported increased risks for cancer mortality in this cohort except for a possible association with NHL. A small increase in ischaemic heart disease was observed, however we cannot exclude that this finding was due to residual confounding. Although risk estimates for some of the rarer outcomes were still rather imprecise, we do not expect more precise estimates from longer follow-up of this cohort due to the long time-span since last exposure to TCDD. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590596 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590595&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F107%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions An inflammatory tendency during an exposure period of 4 years seems to reverse 1 year after cessation of exposure to endotoxins from a single species. Lung function improved significantly among workers exposed to low levels of endotoxin but not among the highly exposed workers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590595 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590594&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F99%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Occupational endotoxin exposure has a protective effect on allergic sensitisation and hay fever but increases the risk for organic dust toxic syndrome and chronic bronchitis. Endotoxin's protective effects are most clearly observed among agricultural workers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590594 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590593&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F93%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The increase in TDA during the shift is a suitable biomarker for exposure to TDI during the same shift. Further research is needed to evaluate the use of start of week or end of week post-shift TDA in urine as biomarker since TDA was found to accumulate during the working week and thus the moment of sampling will clearly influence the result. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590593 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590592&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F87%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Consistencies by sex and exposure level make a strong case for a link between exposure to inorganic lead and cancers of the kidney and pancreas. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590592 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5590591&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F2%2F81%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The study confirmed strong associations between exposure to chrysotile asbestos and lung cancer and asbestosis, in which clear exposure–response relationships were observed. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5590591 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5590591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491300&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F79%3Frss%3D1 In many occupations, it is difficult to avoid imposing heavy loads on the back (eg, lifting and moving patients in healthcare). Therefore, it is not surprising that emphasis has been given to optimising lifting techniques and ways to manually handle patients and objects to prevent back pain and injuries. More skilled workers are supposed to cope better with adverse ergonomic conditions, resulting in less strain on the back, less back pain and consequently, less back pain-related disability. This has led to a strong belief that it is useful to advise employees or organise training for them on correct manual material handling (MMH) techniques and to provide them with assistive devices. Therefore, we wanted to determine the effectiveness of MMH advice and training and the provision of assisti... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491300 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491299&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F71%3Frss%3D1 Experts disagree about the optimal classification of upper limb disorders (ULDs). To explore whether differences in associations with occupational risk factors offer a basis for choosing between case definitions in aetiological research and surveillance, we analysed previously published research. Eligible reports (those with estimates of relative risk (RR) for >1 case definition relative to identical exposures were identified from systematic reviews of ULD and occupation and by hand-searching five peer-review journals published between January 1990 and June 2010. We abstracted details by anatomical site of the case and exposure definitions employed and paired estimates of RR, for alternative case definitions with identical occupational exposures. Pairs of case definitions were typically... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491299 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491298&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F62%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Metabolites of glycol ethers and chlorinated solvents were present at low levels in the urine of pregnant women. Most metabolites were associated with occupational exposure. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491298 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491297&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F56%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These results suggest that the risk of heat-related mortality is distributed across a wide range of different causes, and that targeting of preventative actions based on pre-existing disease is unlikely to be efficient. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491297 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491296&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F48%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study provides evidence of an elevated prevalence of allergic symptoms with increasing years of veterinary study, suggesting that contact with animals, more specifically contact to farm animals, is a risk factor for the development of symptoms. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491296 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491295&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F41%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Chimney sweeps are exposed to high levels of toxic substances in the occupation, but excess alcohol and smoking habits were also observed, and the results must be interpreted cautiously. However, group-level data on tobacco smoking indicated that the lung cancer excess only to some extent could be explained by smoking habits, and the increased mortality from oesophageal cancer and ischaemic heart disease among chimney sweeps employed >30 years is less likely to be caused by excess alcohol habits. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491295 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491294&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F35%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions HCPs are at risk of developing WRA from exposure to cleaning substances. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491294 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491293&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F29%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Psychosocial workplace interventions for LBP should prioritise jobs in which there are high physical ergonomic exposures. Future studies of LBP should examine the interactions between physical ergonomic risk factors. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491293 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491292&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F21%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Two short counselling sessions by an OP combining advice on meeting workplace barriers and enhancing physical activity had a substantial effect on important prognostic factors for LBP patients with moderate to severe symptoms diagnosed in outpatient rheumatological clinics. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN13071157 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491292 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491291&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F12%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Among employees with relatively mild LBP, both interventions reduced pain, but the effects on SA and PI were minor. Exercise improved HRQoL. The effect sizes were rather small. Trial registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00908102. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491291 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491290&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F5%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These results indicate that p,p'-DDE can affect hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis function in humans. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491290 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491289&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F3%3Frss%3D1 High ambient temperatures are hazardous, with a significant body of research documenting increases in morbidity and mortality during hot weather.1 And yet, every heat-related death is preventable. Improving understanding of who is most vulnerable, where they are located and early warning systems that effectively communicate the risks of hot temperatures could decrease the current health burden and increase resilience to a warmer world. Surprisingly, understanding is limited of the characteristics that increase vulnerability.1 Gasparrini et al (this issue) provide a comprehensive analysis of specific causes of death that were increased during hot weather in regions of England and Wales. Overall mortality increased 2.1% per degree Celsius above a heat threshold identified for each region. Fo... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491289 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5491288&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F69%2F1%2F1%3Frss%3D1 In most industrialised countries, the institutions managing the healthcare system are increasingly concerned by rising trends in disability and work loss due to low back pain (LBP). From a public health perspective, a health problem such as LBP, that affects 30%–45% of the adult population annually, would certainly demand primary prevention programs. Although such programs have proven helpful for other prevalent conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, they have not yet been shown to be effective for LBP in spite of a quarter of a century of effort and scientific trials.1 2 While these negative results are not a compelling reason to abandon well-designed multidimensional prevention programs, they do provide public health authorities and medical professionals with a strong incentiv... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5491288 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5491288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394353&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F934%3Frss%3D1 This study was carried out in an Indian village and involved 442 randomly selected subjects. All the... (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394353 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394352&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F928%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Quantitative and ratings-based job exposure measures were each associated with CTS. Obesity increased the association between frequency of exertion and CTS. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394352 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394351&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F920%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Associations were found between sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and PM2.5 at a resolution of 10x10 km. The authors present a model to adjust for uncontrolled confounding of smoking that can be readily adapted to exposures measured at different spatial resolutions. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394351 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394350&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F914%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Cleaning work in places with high demand for disinfection, high cleaning standards and use of cleaning products containing respiratory irritants is associated with higher risk of asthma symptoms. This suggests irritants have an important role in cleaning-related asthma. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394350 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394349&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F908%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The observed CWP prevalence substantially exceeded predicted levels in central Appalachia. However, the increased prevalence was not explained by the measured levels of dust exposures. Likely contributing factors include mine size and low seam mining, which may be associated with higher exposure to silica. Further study is needed to characterise the responsible factors for the elevated CWP rates in central Appalachia. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394349 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394349 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394348&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F902%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Women working nights and longer hours may be vulnerable to deficits in vitamin D status and associated health hazards. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394348 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394347&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F895%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our nationwide study does not indicate that occupational exposure to mercury increases the risk of hospital admissions for neurological, Parkinson's or renal diseases. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394347 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394346&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F888%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This population-based study showed substantial differences in occupational exposure patterns between men and women, even within the same occupation. Thus, the influence of gender should not be overlooked in occupational health research. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394346 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394346 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394345&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F883%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Elevated COPD mortality among cotton workers is consistent with previous reports of adverse respiratory effects of cotton dust. The higher rate of COPD deaths among silk workers was unexpected. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394345 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394345 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394344&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F876%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This epidemiological study suggests cast-house workers in the aluminium industry are exposed to respiratory hazards. Exposure–response relationships could not be demonstrated but this study supports preventive measures in the work environment with a focus on (peak) exposures to irritants. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394344 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394344 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394343&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F870%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Hyperhomocysteinemia in chronically exposed workers was primarily induced by vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. This metabolic change might be associated with renal dysfunction in chromate processing workers after long term exposure. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394343 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394343 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394342&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F863%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Exposure to SiC and crystalline silica may contribute to OLD development among SiC industry workers in different time windows, and possibly through different mechanisms. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394342 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5394341&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F12%2F861%3Frss%3D1 A job is a complex physical, social and economic construct with dimensions at multiple levels of workplace and societal organisation. Hazardous occupational exposures arise from all of the dimensions.1 Occupational epidemiology typically focuses on physical and work organisational exposures, while social epidemiology focuses on socio-demographic characteristics and social exposures. The important study ‘Gender differences in occupational exposure patterns’ by Eng and colleagues (see page 888) combined elements of both disciplines and conducted a population-based survey to evaluate the full range of jobs in New Zealand and found systematic differences in the reporting of occupational exposures by women and men.2 Additionally, Eng and colleagues analysed the occupational exposure... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5394341 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5394341 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300838&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F860%3Frss%3D1 About 70–75% percent of all pneumoconiosis diseases occurring worldwide are from China. There are more than 10 000 new cases of pneumoconiosis every year in China and coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) accounts for 50% of the cases.1 The number of unreported cases is estimated to be 10 times higher than the officially reported number. As the coal industry plays a very important role in China, the status of pneumoconiosis cases and occupational health services in Xinjiang Uyghur's Autonomous Region is alarming. There were 3687 pneumoconiosis cases diagnosed between 1985 and 2006, including 2942 CWP and silicosis cases, which accounted for 79.8% of all cases. Among all the pneumoconiosis cases, there were 2644 stage I, 841 stage II and 202 stage III cases. The morbidity rate of pneumoc... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300838 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300837&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F856%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In this population no effects of occupational exposure to bioaerosols were found, probably because of good working conditions. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300837 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300836&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F849%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Microorganisms are transported from animal sheds and barns into farm dwellings. Therefore, children living in these environments are exposed when indoors and when visiting animal sheds and barns. Indoor exposure may also contribute to the protective effect of the farm environment. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300836 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300835&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F842%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion DPβE69 carriage and high exposure to beryllium appear to contribute individually to the development of BeS and CBD. Among workers at a beryllium-using facility, the magnitude of risk associated with either elevated beryllium exposure or carriage of DPβE69 alone appears to be similar. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300835 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300834&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F837%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The analysis suggests that workers' compensation claim rates between 1991 and 2008 were driven by (in order of magnitude) a strong negative long term growth trend, periodic seasonal trends and business cycle fluctuations proxied by the Ontario unemployment rate. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300834 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300833&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F832%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion While confirming the established relationship between asbestos exposure and pleuropulmonary and peritoneal cancers, this study also suggests a causal relationship between asbestos exposure and colorectal cancer. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300833 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300832&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F826%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The association between occupational endotoxin exposure and wheeze in agricultural workers was significantly modified by genetic variants in CD14 and MD2. Our study suggests that carriers of the functional CD14/-260 C allele are more responsive to endotoxin exposure than T allele homozygotes. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300832 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300831&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F818%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions SSW programs were created to prepare youth for transition into the workforce after high school. This first study suggests that students in SSW programs working only one job are no more likely to be injured at work compared with other-working teens. However, being enrolled in SSW programs is not protective against work injury, which would have been expected based on the philosophy of these programs. Furthermore, when students work multiple jobs, those enrolled in SSW programs are more likely to be severely injured. Possible explanations are provided. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300831 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300830&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F813%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study is one of the first to show a convergence in youth and adult workers' compensation claims in a North American jurisdiction. Ruling out work-related factors increases the possibility that systemic interventions may have contributed to the convergence. This provides policy makers in occupational health and safety with empirical data to guide targeting of resources. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300830 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300829&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F806%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Work of poor psychosocial quality does not bestow the same mental health benefits as employment in jobs with high psychosocial quality. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300829 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300828&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F799%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We observed small cross-shift changes in lung function and inflammatory markers among cement production workers, indicating that inflammatory effects may occur at exposure levels well below 1 mg/m3. However, because the associations between these acute changes and personal exposure measurements were weak and as the long-term consequences are unknown, these findings should be tested in a follow-up study. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300828 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300827&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F791%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions High SEP is associated with lower onset of work disability owing to mental disorders, as well as return to work and lower rates of recurrence. However, the socio-economic advantage is diagnosis-specific. SEP predicted neither the onset and recovery from disability owing to bipolar disorders and reaction to severe stress and adjustment disorders, nor recovery from disability owing to anxiety disorders. SEP should be taken into account in the attempts to reduce long-term work disability owing to mental disorders. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300827 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300826&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F789%3Frss%3D1 Virtanen et al's study1 in this issue of OEM (see page791) finds that being in a less advantaged socioeconomic position (SEP) in a cohort study of Finnish public sector workers is associated with an increased risk of the onset of disability for a range of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and substance use disorders but not bipolar disorders and adjustment disorders. Less advantaged SEP was also associated with slower return to work, except for anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders and adjustment disorders. Of great importance is that less advantaged SEP also predicted a greater risk of recurrence of work disability. The large population studied, the good response rate and the excellent access to register data incre... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300826 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5300825&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F11%2F787%3Frss%3D1 In this issue of the journal, Van Dyke and colleagues have shown that the supra-typic genetic marker, HLA-DPB1(E69), has an additive and independent contribution with beryllium exposure to cell-mediated beryllium sensitisation and chronic beryllium disease in a cohort at a US nuclear weapons plant.1 This finding of statistical independence between required beryllium exposure and genetic characteristics is quantitatively consistent with an earlier finding in a small beryllia ceramics operation,2 and is extended by a concurrent publication in a second, larger nuclear weapons plant population.3 In the latter case–control study, Van Dyke et al showed that the subset of rare HLA-DPB1(E69) alleles (non-*02), most with greater electronegativity in the antigen-binding groove,4 conferred much... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5300825 Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5300825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216489&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F786%3Frss%3D1 Fujishiro et al1 have recently published data on the association of job demands and control with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). The combined effect of demands and control (strain) was analysed using five different strain definitions: a quadrant term (median splits of demands and control), combinations of tertiles of demands and control, an additive term (demands minus control), a quotient term (the ratio) and a multiplicative term (the product). The first three terms are linear combinations of demands and control, which are less informative than the corresponding linear combination based on regression analyses of the mutually adjusted effects of demands and control. The quotient term implies interaction between demands and control but does not examine if there is one, its siz... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216489 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216488&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F783%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These data support the hypothesis that the GSTM1 null genotype is a risk factor for increased acute respiratory and systemic inflammatory response to inhaled CCRE. These data are consistent with other observations that the GSTM1 null genotype is associated with increased respiratory, systemic and cardiovascular effects linked to ambient air particulate matter exposure and indicate that the GSTM1 null genotype should be considered a risk factor for adverse health effects associated with exposure to environmental endotoxin. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216488 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216488 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216487&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F777%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The mean preshift BAA on Friday was significantly higher than that on Monday, implying that the more days of exposures, the higher the accumulation. Since accumulation occurred with low-level exposure to 2-BE, it is recommended that urine samples be collected at the end of the working week. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216487 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216486&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F771%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Home dampness is a risk factor for asthma and wheeze among children, especially for those with the TNF-308 A allele. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216486 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216485&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F765%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion We found good agreement between measured spatial contrasts in outdoor NO2 in 1999–2000 and 2007. LUR models predicted spatial contrast 8 years in the past (2007 model) and 8 years in the future (1999–2000 model) well. This supports the use of LUR models in epidemiological studies with health data available for a later or earlier timepoint. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216485 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216484&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F759%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Due to these low sensitivity and specificity values, we have concluded that, currently, the unique set of SELDI-TOF derived biomarkers does not possess the qualities that would allow it to differentiate between a CBD patient and a BeS patient using serum protein biomarkers. Future refinements in sample collection or proteomic technology may be needed to improve biomarker discovery. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216484 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216483&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F753%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Fit workers had better work ability, and both fit workers and workers with higher work ability were at lower risk of starting an episode of sick leave. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216483 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216482&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F746%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The poorer lung function and higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms among workers in gas-fuelled kitchens compared to those in electricity-powered kitchens may be associated with exposure to higher concentrations of toxic air pollutants generated during gas cooking. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216482 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216481&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F739%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study provides important insights for developing effective intervention strategies in the field of occupational medicine. Use of a model based approach enables investigation of those parameters most likely to impact on the effectiveness and costs of interventions for work related diseases. Our case study highlights the importance of considering different perspectives (of employers, society and employees) in assessing and sharing the costs and benefits of interventions. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216481 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216480&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F734%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A work history of manual handling of loads >20 kg showed a strong association with hip osteoarthritis in all age groups except the youngest. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216480 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216479&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F729%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The association between sickness absence of more than 30 days over 3 years and future long-term self-rated health appears to differ little by occupational position. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216479 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216478&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F723%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions For cadmium, the lack of statistical significance of most results, potential confounding and the absence of clear dose–response relations suggest that an association with RCC is unlikely to be causal. In the case of lead, however, the elevated risk in the category of highest cumulative exposure is noteworthy and justifies further investigation. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216478 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216477&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F717%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In our study, we found higher CHD incidence rates for manual workers, professionals and administrators, and the self-employed, compared to non-manual workers. When the entire spectrum of job categories is considered, the job strain model helped explain the CHD excess risk for manual workers but not for other occupational classes. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216477 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216476&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F709%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Employment in the dry cleaning industry and occupational exposure to PCE are associated with an increased risk for ESRD and for cancer at several sites. The employment duration findings for oesophageal cancer and hypertensive ESRD further support an association with PCE exposure instead of lifestyle or socioeconomic factors. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216476 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5216475&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F10%2F707%3Frss%3D1 Many studies have documented the adverse effects of hazardous working conditions on the health of occupational populations. Occupational injuries and work-related disorders contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality in the workforce as well as in the general population. Adequate control measures in the workplace are required to prevent work-related burden of disease. The progress in occupational health has been documented, among others, by a steady reduction in chemical exposure at the workplace1 as well as a decline in excess mortality attributable to work.2 In more recent years, the economic consequences of illness and disease have emerged as a key area of research, whereby cost of illness studies have invariably reported that the disease of interest will result in considerable ... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5216475 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5216475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123599&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F706%3Frss%3D1 Zanardi and coworkers report increased proportional mortality ratios of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) among male and female textile workers in England and Wales during the years 1979–1990.1 Most previous studies have observed a decreased mortality of circulatory system diseases among textile workers. In 2004, a meta-analysis of five studies revealed standardised mortality ratio (SMR) of 0.85 for men (95% CI 0.79 to 0.91) and 0.94 for women (95% CI 0.81 to 1.06) when the comparison groups originated from the total population on national or subnational levels.2 However, a study of male textile workers in Rhode Island (USA) observed an increased proportional mortality ratio of IHD (PMR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.09).3 Furthermore, self-employed men in Danish textile industry had an increase... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123599 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123598&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F703%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Differences in psychosocial work environments in terms of emotional demands, reward at work, management quality and role conflicts, explained roughly 30% of women's excess long-term sickness absence risk. Assuming women and men had identical working conditions would leave the larger part of the gender difference in long-term sickness absence from work unexplained. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123598 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123597&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F694%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Despite some limitations in this study, the incidence of childhood cancer does appear to be associated with parental exposure during the prenatal period. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123597 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123596&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F686%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions While amount and duration of use are important determinants of RF dose in the brain, their impact can be substantially modified by communication system, frequency band and location in the brain. It is important to take these into account in analyses of risk of brain tumours from RF exposure from mobile phones. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123596 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123595&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F682%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The results indicate a relationship between work in sisal brushing departments and the development of obstructive lung disorders. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123595 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123594&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F674%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Participatory ergonomics was not effective in reducing exposure to psychosocial and physical risk factors for low back pain and neck pain among a large group of workers. Trial registration ISRCTN27472278. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123594 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123593&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F666%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Occupational exposure to workload or noise modifies CHD risk differently depending on which definition of MetS is used. In the presence of physical workload or noise, hypertension and blood glucose were the best predictors. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123593 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123592&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F659%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The use of lifting devices was higher in nursing homes than in hospitals. Individual and organisational factors seem to play a substantial role in the successful implementation of lifting devices in healthcare. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123592 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123591&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F653%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study showed that coke oven workers with chronic exposure to PAHs may develop immunological alteration. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation induced by PAHs may partly explain the alteration in immunological parameters. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123591 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123590&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F647%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Time off work provides a quantifiable measure of the effect of HIV on overall morbidity. HIV/AIDS affects both labour supply (increased time off work) and demand for health services (increased medical absence). The effects occur soon after seroconversion and stabilise before reaching very high levels in the period prior to death. Occupational health services are an important setting to identify HIV-infected men early. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123590 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123589&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F641%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Placental transport of cadmium is limited. However, prenatal cadmium exposure may have a detrimental effect on head circumference at birth and child growth in the first 3 years of life. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123589 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123588&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F631%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions There were suggestions of an increased risk of glioma in long-term mobile phone users with high RF exposure and of similar, but apparently much smaller, increases in meningioma risk. The uncertainty of these results requires that they be replicated before a causal interpretation can be made. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123588 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5123587&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F9%2F629%3Frss%3D1 With more than 4.6 billion mobile phone subscribers globally, increasing use of mobile phones by younger people and a rise in the number of other sources of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), there continues to be public concern about the risk of cancer and other adverse health outcomes.1 This edition of Occupational and Environmental Medicine contains the two most recent papers from the Interphone study, the multicentre case control study of adult brain tumours and mobile phone use. One paper presents the results for 553 glioma and 676 meningioma cases and their controls for which the authors estimated the total cumulative specific energy (TCSE) of RF-EMF at the estimated tumour centre.2 The results suggest a trend of increasing ORs for glioma with increasing estimated cumula... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5123587 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5123587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004615&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F628%3Frss%3D1 The red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (Acarina: Mesostigmata), is a temporary blood-sucking ectoparasite of poultry and other avian species, with a worldwide distribution. It can occasionally bite mammals, including humans, and cause dermatitis. Medical textbooks frequently cite itching and cutaneous lesions resulting from red-mite bites as a normal occurrence in subjects working in close conjunction with poultry. In fact, D. gallinae is one of the most common pests and a major cause of economic loss in the poultry industry, with a farm prevalence of up to 90%.1 In the literature, red-mite dermatitis (RMD) is generally regarded as an urban hygiene issue. Not only do red-mite attack data for humans working in infested poultry premises generally go unreported, but the health and economic import... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004615 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004614&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F625%3Frss%3D1 Discussion Farmers in Thailand as well as their families are exposed to pesticides in the spraying season and dermal exposure is an important route. The main route of exposure for farmers' families seems to be through transfer from the farmer to family members or contamination of the home environment, rather than family members helping or playing on the farm. Showering or washing immediately after pesticide spraying greatly reduces the potential exposure of family members to pesticide residues. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004614 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004613&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F618%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The findings for asbestos and silica were essentially confirmatory, supporting evidence for their early effects on lung cancer from a large body of literature. The effect of straight MWF on larynx cancer was less clear. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004613 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004612&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F611%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Occupational exposure to disinfecting/cleaning agents is common and high in hospitals. A large underestimation of self-reported exposure and a lack of knowledge of product components was observed. Our results show the relevance of expert assessment in epidemiological studies to limit measurement bias. This work underlines the need for health education programmes on the occupational risks induced by these types of products. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004612 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004611&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F605%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study supports using NE raters to estimate the intensity of literature-based mechanical exposure metrics using a common set of scales which can be applied across epidemiologic studies. We would need to average the ratings of at least five NE raters to have an acceptable level of reliability (>0.7). These metrics may be useful to quantify the relationship between workplace mechanical exposure and low back pain in a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004611 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004610&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F599%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study provided somewhat reassuring evidence that softwood dust does not increase the risk of lung cancer, but future studies should evaluate exposure to hardwood dusts. Suggestive evidence for an inverse association may be attributable to the presence of endotoxin in the wood dust, but the lack of a dose-response relationship suggests a non-causal relationship. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004610 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004609&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F593%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Consistent with early studies, fiber exposures in the North Carolina plants were much higher than in South Carolina plant. Use of the predicted size-specific TEM exposures by plant and department based on the Poisson model predictions should reduce exposure. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004609 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004608&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F590%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion While hand/wrist pain and low back pain are general risk factors for LTSA, neck/shoulder pain is a specific risk factor among white-collar workers. This study suggests the potential for preventing future LTSA through interventions to manage or reduce musculoskeletal pain. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004608 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004607&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F582%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Current and long-term full-time work were associated with shorter rTL, with differences of similar magnitude to smoking and history of heart disease or diabetes. Longitudinal data with specific stress measures are needed to further evaluate the impact of work schedule on rTL. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004607 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004606&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F575%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The results suggest the importance of these transient risk factors, particularly floor contamination, on rate of slipping in limited-service restaurant workers. Stable characteristics, such as slip-resistant shoes, reduced the effects of transient exposures. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004606 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004605&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F570%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These findings suggest that perceived job insecurity can lead to adverse health effects in both permanent and temporary employees. Policies should aim to improve work-related well-being by reducing job insecurity. Efforts towards ‘flexicurity’ are important, but it is equally important to remember that a significant proportion of employees with a permanent contract experience job insecurity. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004605 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004604&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F562%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study suggests that ageing participants experienced an increased risk of developing oxidative DNA injury after exposure to secondary, but not primary, ambient pollutants. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004604 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004604 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004603&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F557%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Exposure to TCP may increase the risk of behavioural impairment in children. The potential neurotoxicity of these chemicals should be considered in public health efforts to reduce environmental exposures/contamination, especially in countries where organochlorine pesticides are still commonly used. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004603 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004603 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5004602&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F8%2F551%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Short-term changes in ambient PM10 largely attributable to biomass burning are associated with increased levels of exhaled NO. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5004602 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5004602 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909255&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F550%3Frss%3D1 Neasham D, Sifi A, Nielsen KR, et al. Occupation and risk of lymphoma: a multicentre prospective cohort study (EPIC). Occup Environ Med 2011;68:77–81. The following sentence: "Centres in France (n=61 996), Oxford (n=42 518), and Utrecht (n=15 174) did not collect job questionnaire information, therefore the current cohort size is 348 555", should have been: "In Spain, Greece, Denmark, Germany, 4 Italian centers (Turin, Varese, Florence, Ragusa), and in 1 UK center (Cambridge), the lifestyle questionnaire included several questions on the occupational history of the participants, while other centres did not collect job questionnaire information. Therefore the current analytical cohort size, after exclusion of missing values, is 218 968 subjects". Table 1 below should replace the origi... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909255 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909254&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F547%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These mortality rates are much lower than expected, given the historical production and use of, and high exposure to, asbestos in South Africa. Possible reasons for this are discussed, including the effect of HIV which has been instrumental in reducing the life expectancy of South Africans in the last two decades. Asbestos-exposed individuals may not live long enough to develop mesothelioma. Competing causes of death need to be taken into account when constructing models to predict mesothelioma mortality rates. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909254 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909253&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F542%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Low grade silicosis cannot be excluded in workers with normal chest radiographs (ILO 0/0). In relatively highly exposed construction workers, a sevenfold increased risk of simple (nodular) silicosis was found. Emphysema on HRCT was associated with current or former smokers, but not with exposure, and contributed to reduced diffusion capacity. Airflow limitation was mainly determined by current smoking and was not associated with simple (nodular) silicosis. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909253 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909252&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F537%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Although correlations between algorithm scores and urinary levels were quite good (ie, correlations between 0.4 and 0.8), exposure misclassification would still bias relative risk estimates in the AHS towards the null and diminish study power. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909252 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909251&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F531%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The authors found the mortality impact of persistence of extreme high temperatures to increase proportionally to the length of the heat episode in addition to the effects of temperature based on the temperature–mortality relationship. Thus, the additional effect of persistent extreme heat was found to be important to incorporate for models of mortality related to ambient temperatures to avoid negatively biased attributed risks, especially for cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, the effects associated with non-extreme temperatures may decline as the pool of fragile individuals shrink as well as due to acclimatisation/adaptation. However, a similar decline was not observed for the effects associated with extreme heat episodes. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicin... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909251 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909250&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F525%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions These data, using an island-wide spatial analysis, suggest that urban areas have a greater adaptive capability than rural areas, plausibly because people in urban areas have a higher socio-economic status and more medical resources. Social inequality across urban and rural townships is apparent and developing customised adaptation programmes for vulnerable regions to cope with heat and cold event should be prioritised. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909250 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909249&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F518%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Our results suggest an effect of aircraft noise on the use of antihypertensive medication, but this effect did not hold for all countries. Results were more consistent across countries for the increased use of anxiolytics in relation to aircraft noise. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909249 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909248&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F510%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Historical audiometric data combined with noise monitoring data can be used to better understand the effectiveness of HCPs. Regular collection and maintenance of quality data should be encouraged and used to monitor the effectiveness of these interventions. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909248 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909247&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F502%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In the present study, no association was found between the software-recorded duration of computer use at work and the onset of severe arm–wrist–hand and neck–shoulder symptoms using an exposure window of 3 months. In contrast, a positive association was found between the self-reported duration of computer use at work and the onset of severe arm–wrist–hand and neck–shoulder symptoms. The different findings for recorded and self-reported computer duration could not be explained satisfactorily. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909247 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909247 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909246&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F494%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Whether our findings indicate avoidance or residual confounding, it would be prudent for future studies of occupation and the incidence or recurrence of asthma in adult life to adjust for any previous history of hay fever/allergic rhinitis. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909246 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909245&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F487%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions In the absence of DPβE69, DRβE71 is a risk factor for CBD and BeS. DPβE69 and DRβE71 are adjacent to other amino acids that are also negatively charged, suggesting that the positively charged Be2+ modifies the local environment of the epitopes in a way that promotes interactions between peptides and T cells and results in CBD. Finally, the protective effect of the DPB1*0201 positive haplotype may involve particular polymorphisms outside of the DPB1 gene. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909245 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909245 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909244&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F479%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These results support the long-term effectiveness of the intervention. The reduction in many psychosocial factors in the experimental hospital may have clinical significance since most health indicators also improved in this hospital. These results support the whole process of the intervention given that significant improvements in psychosocial factors and health problems were observed in the experimental hospital but not in the control hospital. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909244 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909243&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F474%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This is the first report providing evidence that occupational exposure to PAHs is associated with altered cardiac autonomic function. Acute exposure to PAHs may be an important predictor of cardiovascular disease risk in the work environment. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909243 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909242&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F467%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Working with biofuel at an energy plant does not generally enhance the prevalence of respiratory symptoms. However, the exposure level to micro-organisms has an impact on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms among biofuel workers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909242 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909242 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4909241&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F7%2F465%3Frss%3D1 The results of a large prospective study of computer users show little association between input device use and musculoskeletal outcomes. Ordinarily, this study would simply be one more addition to the already large body of literature examining associations between computer use and musculoskeletal outcomes and one more citation included in the ‘negative association’ column of review papers. This is not an ordinary study, however. Unique to this investigation was its use of newly developed memory resident computer registration software that allows for the automated collection of computer and mouse activity over months or years. Using data collected with this software, IJmker et al1 observed no association between computer and mouse use and severe distal upper extremity or neck&n... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4909241 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4909241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818444&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F457%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Protracted exposure to low-dose gamma radiation is significantly associated with leukaemia. Our estimate agreed well with the leukaemia risk observed among exposed adults in the Life Span Study (LSS) of atomic bomb survivors, providing increased confidence in the current understanding of leukaemia risk from ionising radiation. However, unlike the estimates obtained from the LSS, our model provides a precise, quantitative summary of the direct estimates of excess risk from studies of protracted radiation exposures. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818444 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818443&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F452%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Proxy reporting of occupation introduces a statistically significant degree of error in classification. The effects of occupational misclassification by proxy reporting in retrospective occupational epidemiological studies based on questionnaire data should be considered. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818443 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818442&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F446%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our findings suggest an association between respiratory mortality in the elderly and Saharan dust outbreaks. We found no evidence of an effect modification of dust events on the concentration–response relationship between PM10 and daily deaths. Further work should be carried out to clarify the mechanism of action. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818442 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818441&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F438%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions We found no evidence for an increased risk of LBW, SGA and preterm delivery at the relatively low level exposure to THMs and particularly brominated THMs in Cretan drinking water. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818441 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818440&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F430%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions A 40-year antecedent prenatal exposure and concurrent levels of PCBs and DDE are associated with the expression of aromatase and 17-α-hydroxylase genes. Prenatal exposures to organochlorines may instigate long-term alterations of gene expression. Mechanisms of prenatal induction of persistent gene-expression alterations are speculated to be epigenetic in nature. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818440 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818439&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F425%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Exposures to silica and formaldehyde, although not widespread among the cohort, may have increased lung cancer risk. Silica is an established human lung carcinogen, whereas there is only weak prior evidence supporting an association with formaldehyde. Both exposures warrant consideration as potential lung carcinogens in textile manufacturing. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818439 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818438&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F419%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our results do not support an association between TCDD exposure and markers of humoral immunity except possibly C4. Interestingly, decreased levels of C4 have been linked to lymphoma risk, which provides some support to the putative link between TCDD and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818438 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818437&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F414%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Monitoring daily occupational noise exposure inside hearing protection with ongoing administrative feedback apparently reduces the risk of occupational NIHL in industrial workers. Longer follow-up of these workers will help determine the significance of the intervention effect. Intervention studies for the prevention of NIHL need to include appropriate control groups. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818437 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818436&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F408%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Identification and treatment of common mental disorders may reduce the economic burden of long term psychiatric sickness absence. Our results suggest that public health and clinical services should focus on the identification of workers with elevated mental health symptoms. Studies are needed of the efficacy of early identification and management of mental health symptoms for the prevention of long spells of sickness absence. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818436 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818435&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F400%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Early intervention in employees with mild to severe depressive complaints and high risk of future long-term sickness absence proved to be effective in preventing/reducing both sickness absence and depressive complaints. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818435 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818434&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F391%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Evidence from this relatively large case-control study suggests that exposures to certain chlorinated solvents may be associated with increased incidence of multiple myeloma; however, the study is limited by relatively low participation (52%) among controls. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818434 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818433&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F389%3Frss%3D1 There is a newly mounting body of evidence of the health effects to exposure from long-range transported particulate matter (PM) from the Sahara regions in areas such as southern Europe and the Caribbean. In these areas, during episodes of ‘Saharan winds,’ increased total mortality,1 and respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalisations2–5 have been associated with increased PM levels. The paper from Zauli et al in this issue of OEM6 further adds to this evidence (see page 446), suggesting also an increase in respiratory mortality for older people on those days. But, within the current and future public health and policy agenda, what is the relevance of this thin and not yet fully consistent new literature? First, the area contributes to the growing field of research into t... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818433 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818432&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F387-b%3Frss%3D1 The assessment of detrimental health risks for humans, due to exposures from ionising radiation sources such as -rays, x-rays and neutrons, which penetrate deeply into the human body, has been an endeavour which has increased in magnitude and effort over the last century. Solid cancer and leukaemia incidence and mortality have emerged as having radiation as an important proven risk factor from the many indicators of cellular damage and health effects that have been investigated to date. Studies on survivors of the World War II atomic bombings over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, who were exposed mainly to -rays and neutrons, continue to provide valuable radiation epidemiological data and quantitative assessments of the radiation related solid cancer and leukaemia risks.1 The cohort of the atomic b... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818432 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4818431&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F6%2F387-a%3Frss%3D1 As this issue of OEM goes to press, the situation at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant damaged by the March, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan is classified at the highest level of severity on to the International Nuclear Event Scale—a value of 7, also given to the Chernobyl accident.1 An editorial and a review article in this issue of the Journal2 3 (see pages 387 and 457) and a complementary review and editorial we published in 20094 5 highlight both the progress that has been made in understanding the risks associated with exposure to ionising radiation and the considerable uncertainties that remain to be resolved. Most of what we know about the health risks of ionising radiation comes from long-term studies of the survivors of the nuclear bombings at Hiroshima and Naga... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4818431 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4818431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691407&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F386%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691407 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691406&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F379%3Frss%3D1 Several epidemiological studies suggested an association between the risk of bladder cancer and the exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs), the main disinfection by-products (DBPs) of chlorinated water. A previous pooled analysis of case-control studies from North America and Europe estimated a summarized dose-response relation. For policy guidance of drinking water disinfection in Europe and because major differences exist in water disinfection practices and DBPs occurrence between both continents, specific risk estimates for bladder cancer in relation to DBPs exposure for European populations were needed. We conducted a pooled and a two-stage random-effect meta-analyses of three European case-control studies from France, Finland, and Spain (5467 individuals: 2381 cases and 3086 controls). In... Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691406 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691405&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F375%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691405 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691404&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F366%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Contrary to previous literature, this study shows that people living in advantaged neighbourhoods were more exposed to road traffic noise in their residential environment than their deprived counterparts. This case study demonstrates the need to systematically perform sensitivity analyses with multiple socioeconomic characteristics to avoid incorrect inferences about an environmental injustice situation and the complexity of effectively controlling for spatial autocorrelation when fixed and random components of the model are correlated. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691404 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691403&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F361%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The constructed JEM successfully differentiated beryllium exposures across jobs and over time. This is the only quantitative JEM containing exposure estimates (average and peak) for the entire plant history. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691403 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691402&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F354%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion This study provides evidence that lung cancer risk is elevated at levels near the current US Occupational Safety and Health Administration beryllium exposure limit of 2.0 µg/m3 DWA for workers. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691402 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691401&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F345%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These findings reaffirm that lung cancer and CBD, and suggest that COPD and nervous system and urinary tract cancers, are related to beryllium exposure. Cigarette smoking and exposure to other lung carcinogens are unlikely to explain these elevations. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691401 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691400&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F339%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions The results suggested that exposure to TETRA signals is not responsible for symptoms reported by some users, although exposure to a continuous wave signal may affect symptoms. Clinical trial number ISRCTN 73321766. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691400 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691399&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F332%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Certain occupations were associated with higher concentrations of PCBs, suggesting that these compounds may account for some increased risks found in previous studies. The lack of association between work in agriculture and concentrations of OC pesticides is consistent with occupation playing a lesser role than diet in influencing OC concentrations. Occupational studies on the relationships among exposure to industrial agents and EPC risk may need to consider adjusting for exposure to PCBs. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691399 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691398&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F327%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion The risk of obesity among male shift workers was visually and statistically demonstrated. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691398 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691397&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F319%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Blue-collar jobs and low levels of job control were associated with the development of subclinical atherosclerosis. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691397 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691396&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F312%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Exposure to crystalline silica in Vermont granite workers was associated with increased mortality from silicosis and other non-malignant respiratory disease, but there was no evidence that increased lung cancer mortality in the cohort was due to exposure. Mortality from malignant and non-malignant kidney disease was not significantly increased or associated with exposure. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691396 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691395&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F310%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691395 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4691394&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F5%2F309%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4691394 Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4691394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564598&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F308%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564598 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564597&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F302%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Subjects with occupational asthma screened by a medical surveillance programme have a better outcome both at the time of diagnosis and 2 years after removal from exposure, with lower compensation costs compared to controls. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564597 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564597 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564596&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F296%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Cumulative exposure to decreasing ambient and apparent temperature may increase blood pressure. These findings suggest that an increase in blood pressure could be a mechanism behind cold-related, but not heat-related, cardiovascular mortality. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564596 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564596 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564595&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F291%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Modest elevations in exposure to some traffic-related air pollutants during the year of birth are associated with new onset asthma assessed at age 7. That significant associations were revealed in spite of a limited sample size emphasises the strengths of a high-risk birth cohort model, along with individual air pollution exposure estimates and well-characterised data on covariates and outcomes. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564595 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564595 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564594&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F286%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion Occupational exposure to and consumption of herbs containing ALAs increases the risk of renal failure in Chinese herbalists. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564594 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564593&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F279%3Frss%3D1 Conclusion These results provide support for the use of slip-resistant shoes and measures to increase COF as preventive interventions to reduce slips, falls and injuries. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564593 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564592&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F273%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our findings suggest that men working outdoors have a lower risk for Parkinson's disease. Further studies of measured vitamin D levels in outdoor workers are warranted to clarify a potential inverse association between vitamin D and the risk for Parkinson's disease. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564592 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564591&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F265%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions This study shows that the WS intervention was not cost-effective for improving recovery but was cost-effective for reducing pain intensity, although this reduction was not clinically significant. The WSPA intervention was not cost-effective compared with usual care. Trial registration number ISRCTN87019406. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564591 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564590&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F257%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions On the basis of associations undistorted by smoking and adjusted for covariates, the BMDL5 of CdU for low-molecular-weight proteinuria induced by occupational exposure to Cd can be reliably estimated between 5.5 and 6.6 µg/g creatinine. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564590 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564589&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F250%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Potential explanations for these results include a normal physiological response in which urine cadmium levels reflect renal filtration, the impact of adjustment for urine dilution with creatinine in models of kidney outcomes, and cadmium-related hyperfiltration. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564589 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564588&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F239%3Frss%3D1 Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that some component(s) of MWF may be carcinogenic to the bladder. Our results also corroborate many other previously reported associations between bladder cancer risk and various occupations. More detailed analyses using information from the study's job-specific questionnaires may help to identify MWF components that may be carcinogenic, and other bladder carcinogens associated with a variety of occupations. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564588 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4564587&cid=s_22774_48_f&fid=22774&url=http%3A%2F%2Foem.bmj.com%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fshort%2F68%2F4%2F238%3Frss%3D1 (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Occupational and Environmental Medicine journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4564587 Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4564587