MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Pediatric Exercise Science' source. Sat, 10 Oct 2009 19:35:55 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537969&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556620%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Armstrong N, Barker AR The pulmonary oxygen uptake (pVO2) kinetic response at the onset of exercise provides a noninvasive window into the metabolic activity of the muscle and a valuable means of increasing our understanding of developmental muscle metabolism. However, to date only limited research has been devoted to investigating the pVO2 kinetic response during exercise in children and adolescents. From the rigorous studies that have been conducted, both age- and sex-related differences have been identified. Specifically, children display a faster exponential rise in the phase II pVO2 kinetics, which are purported to reflect the rise in muscle O2 consumption, during moderate, heavy and very heavy intensity exercise compared with adults. Furthermore, for heavy and very heavy... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537969 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537966&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556621%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the effect of a 6-week school-based pedometer intervention for children. It compared the number of step counts between group- and individual-based step goal conditions over time, and compared the number of goal attainments between the two step goal conditions by physical activity levels. Ninety-nine 4th-grade students' (50 boys, 49 girls) data were analyzed. Overall step counts continued to increase over time, increasing about 19% from baseline. Different step goal conditions produced similar effects on children's physical activity levels across all time points. The number of goal attainments was higher for low active children with individual-based step goals than those with group-based step goals. Using pedometers in school is promising for enhancing physical activity ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537966 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537963&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556622%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to verify the effect of the exercise mode on slow component of VO2 (VO2SC) in children aged 11-12 years during severe-intensity exercise. After determination of the lactate threshold (LT) and peak VO2 (VO2peak) in both cycling (CE) and running exercise (TR), fourteen active boys completed a series of "square-wave" transitions of 6-min duration at 75%? [75%? = LT + 0.75 3 (VO2peak-LT)] to determine the VO2 kinetics. The VO2SC was significantly higher in CE (180.5 +/- 155.8 ml . min-1) than in TR (113.0 +/- 84.2 ml . min-1). We can conclude that, although a VO2SC does indeed develop during TR in children, its magnitude is considerably lower than in CE during severe-intensity exercise. PMID: 19556622 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537963 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537963 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537960&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556623%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jago R, McMurray RG, Bassin S, Pyle L, Bruecker S, Jakicic JM, Moe E, Murray T, Volpe SL Two pilot studies were conducted to examine whether 6th grade students can achieve moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from 1) activity-based physical education (AB-PE) with 585 participants and 2) a curricular-based (CB-PE) program with 1,544 participants and randomly sampled heart rates during lessons. AB-PE participants spent between 54-66% with a heart rate >140 bpm. CB-PE participants spent between 49-58% with a heart rate >140 bpm. Girls' mean heart rate was 3.7 bpm lower than the boys. PE can be readily modified so that students spend more than 50% of time in MVPA. < PMID: 19556623 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537960 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537960 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537957&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsiotra GD, Nevill AM, Lane AM, Koutedakis Y We investigated whether children with suspected Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD+) demonstrate different physical fitness levels compared with their normal peers (DCD-). Randomly recruited Greek children (n = 177) were assessed for body mass index (BMI), flexibility (SR), vertical jump (VJ), hand strength (HS), 40m dash, aerobic power, and motor proficiency. ANCOVA revealed a motor proficiency (i.e., DCD group) effect for BMI (p < .01), VJ (p < .01), and 40m speed (p < .01), with DCD+ children demonstrating lower values than DCD-. Differences between DCD+ and DCD- were also obtained in log-transformed HS (p < .01). These findings suggest that intervention strategies for managing DCD should also aim at physical fi... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537957 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537957 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537954&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556625%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined correlates of objectively measured physical activity (PA) in a diverse sample of preschool children (age 3-5 years; n = 331). Accelerometer min.hr?1 of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and nonsedentary activity (NSA) were the outcome measures. Correlations among potential correlates and PA ranged from r= -0.12-0.26. Correlates in the final MVPA model were age, race, sex, BMI Z score, and parent perception of athletic competence, explaining 37% of the variance. The NSA model included the latter two variables, explaining 35% of the variance. Demographic factors were correlates of PA; parent perceptions of children's. PMID: 19556625 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537954 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537951&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grontved A, Pedersen GS, Andersen LB, Kristensen PL, Moller NC, Froberg K Independent associations between personal- and demographic characteristics and physical activity in 3-6 year old children attending preschool were identified in this study. Boys spent a larger proportion of the time on moderate-and-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; p < .001) and had a higher total physical activity level compared with girls (p < .001). The 3-4 year old children spent less time on MVPA and had a lower total physical activity level compared with both 4-5 (p < .01) and 5-6 year old children (p < .001). The individual preschool, gender and age of preschool children were strong predictors of physical activity (R2-total model=(0.36-0.39)) during preschool attendance. PMID: 1955... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537951 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537948&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556627%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, allometric models provide a valuable insight into the most appropriate body size and shape characteristics associated with children's physical performances and at the same time ensure valid inference when investigating group/population differences (e.g., between gender and maturation status). PMID: 19556627 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537948 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537945&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19556628%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mota J, Almeida M, Santos R, Ribeiro JC, Santos MP Specific behavior context such as type of PA (organized vs. nonorganized) might be associated with different environmental correlates. The main goal of this cross-sectional survey was to examine perceived environmental associations with type of adolescents' physical activity (PA) choices (organized and nonorganized). A sample of this study comprised 425 girls with mean age of 14.5 years-old. Environmental variables and PA were assessed by questionnaire, which allowed to define the type (organized or nonorganized) of PA. No associations were found between environmental perceptions and the participation in organized activities. However, different dimensions of environmental variables such as accessibilities to facilities (p -/+ ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537945 Thu, 30 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2537945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537997&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowland T PMID: 19411706 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537997 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537997 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537995&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411707%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Slinger J, van Breda E, Kuipers H The article presents the current performance capacity in 11-15 year old Dutch adolescents who participated in an incremental cycle test (n = 509) and or in a shuttle run test (N = 1,198). Cycle test results increased significantly with age in both genders, also after normalization to body weight. Shuttle run test results increased significantly with age only in boys. Compared with previous data, the absolute performance capacity in the cycle tests was comparable to data from 15 years ago, whereas the performance capacity normalized to kg body weight and the shuttle run test results seem to be fairly lower compared with the former data. PMID: 19411707 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537995 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537993&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411708%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosa JS, Schwindt CD, Oliver SR, Leu SY, Flores RL, Galassetti PR Leukocytosis contributes to exercise-induced immune modulation, which is a mechanism of cardiovascular protection. However, this process is poorly defined in children. We therefore measured leukocytes in 45 healthy, 18 overweight, 16 type 1 diabetic, and 8 asthmatic children at pre, end-, and 30-min postexercise (30-min intermittent or 6-min continuous). In all groups, total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes increased at end-exercise, but returned to baseline by 30-min postexercise, including neutrophils, previously reported to remain elevated for at least some exercise formats. This highly preserved pattern indicates the importance of the adaptive response to physical stress across multiple he... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537993 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537993 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537991&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nuzzo JL, Cavill MJ, Triplett NT, McBride JM The primary purpose of this investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of lower-body strength and vertical jump performance in overweight male (n = 8) and female (n = 13) adolescents. Maximal strength was tested in the leg press and isometric squat. Kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed in vertical jumps at various loads. When compared with females, males demonstrated significantly greater (p < .05) absolute maximal strength in the leg press. However, when maximal strength was expressed relative to body mass, no significant difference was observed. There were no significant differences between males and females in vertical jump performance at body mass. PMID: 19411709 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: P... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537991 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537991 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537988&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411710%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guerra M, Gine-Garriga M, Fernhall B The Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) has not been used to assess individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and it is unknown if it is reliable in this population. We investigated the reliability of the WAnT in 19 adolescents with DS (age = 14.8 yrs; weight = 52.7 kg; height = 146.3 cm). Participants completed, on separate days, two standards WAnT using a resistance of 0.7 Nm x body weight (kg) in individuals > 14 years old, and 0.5 Nm x body weight (kg) in participants < 14 years of age. Data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), dependent t tests and Bland-Altman plots. There was a significant difference between days for peak power (210.37 W vs. 236.26 W; ICC = 0.93), but not for mean power (158.72 vs. 168.71 W; ICC = ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537988 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537985&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411711%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Voss C, Sandercock G The aim of this study was to determine if maximal effort, evidenced by peak HR was attained during the 20m shuttle-run test in a naturalistic setting. Shuttle-run test performance and peak HR were measured in 208 volunteers (11-16 years). Peak HR was 196 (95% confidence interval (C.I.) 194-198 bpm). The relationship between test performance and peak HR was assessed by regression. There was a weak, but statistically significant relationship between test performance and peak HR (R2 = .029, p = .029) but with such a low coefficient of determination (less than 5% criterion), poor performances were not associated with low peak HR values or underestimation of maximal performance. Peak HR values (196 bpm) were higher than cited criterion values (185 bpm) for maxi... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537985 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537985 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537982&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411712%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were to identify the independent effect of physical activity and fitness on insulin dynamics in a cohort of European-, African-, and Hispanic-American children (n = 215) age 7-12 years and to determine if racial/ethnic in insulin dynamics could be statistically explained by racial/ethnic differences in physical activity or fitness. An intravenous glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling were used to derive the insulin sensitivity index (SI) and acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg). Fitness was assessed as VO2-170 and physical activity by accelerometer. Multiple regression models were tested for contributions of fitness and physical activity to SI and AIRg. Fitness was a stronger predictor of SI and AIRg than physical activity regardless of ethnicity; rac... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537982 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537979&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411713%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lemaitre F, Carturan D, Tourney-Chollet C, Gardette B Doppler ultrasonic detection of circulating venous bubbles after a scuba dive is a useful index of decompression safety in adults, since a relationship between bubbles and the risk of decompression sickness has been documented. No study, however, has investigated circulating venous bubbles in young recreational divers after their usual dives. The aim of this study was to determine whether these bubbles would be detected in children who performed a single dive without any modification in their diving habits. Ten young recreational divers (13.1 +/- 2.3 years) performed their usual air dive. They were Doppler-monitored 20 min before the dive (12 +/- 3 m for 26 +/- 7 min) and for 60 min after surfacing, at 20-min intervals. No ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537979 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537976&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411714%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Durant N, Kerr J, Harris SK, Saelens BE, Norman GJ, Sallis JF Few studies have explored barriers to physical activity in parks and streets among children, adolescents, and their parents. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new survey of barriers to physical activity in neighborhood parks and streets. Adolescents and parents of children and adolescents completed surveys twice. Two barrier subscales (environment and safety) emerged that applied to both locations and all participant groups. Results generally supported acceptable, internal consistency as well as construct validity, but test-retest reliabilities were lower than desired. These scales may be used to improve understanding of perceptions of barriers to physical activity in neighb... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537976 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2537972&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19411715%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zuniga J, Housh TJ, Mielke M, Camic CL, Hendrix CR, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Schmidt RJ The purpose of this study was to cross-validate the fat-free weight (FFW) equations derived on nonathletic children and adolescents for estimating mean power (MP) and peak power (PP) in high school wrestlers. One hundred and three male high school wrestlers performed the Wingate Anaerobic Test to estimate MP and PP, as well as underwater weighing to determine FFW. The following equations were used to estimate the MP and PP of the wrestlers in the current study.MP (w) = 9.3 (FFW) - 109.8 EQ.1. PP (W) = 14.1 (FFW) - 162.1 EQ. 2. The results in the current study indicated that as percent of the mean values, the equation that predicted MP resulted in a substantially greater total error (TE; 19.9% ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2537972 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2537972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136513&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Eliakim A, Nemet D The diagnosis of Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency in children with short stature is complex, and in certain cases, might be very difficult. Most of the provocative tests used to evaluate GH deficiency use pharmacological agents. The artificial nature of the pharmacological tests and the possibility that these tests might not always reflect GH secretion under normal physiological conditions provides the impetus for a more physiologic test. Exercise is one of the important GH releasing physiological stimuli. This review will summarize the current knowledge on the methods for performing laboratory exercise provocation test for GH secretion in children. In addition to recommendations of more standardized exercise protocols and environmental considerations, we will... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136513 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136512&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168915%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined from childhood to adulthood: (1) the effects of countermovement (use of stretch-shortening cycle-SSC) and arm-swing (AS) on vertical jumping (VJ) performance and (2) the ability to use the SSC and AS during VJ. Male basketball players (n = 106) were divided according to their age into: children (12.0 +/- 0.23), young adolescents (14.5 +/- 0.41), old adolescents (16.9 +/- 0.27), and adults (21.9 +/- 0.32). Each participant executed three maximal squat jumps (SJ), countermovement jumps without arms (CMJ) and with arms (CMJA). The contribution of SSC and AS was calculated by the augmentation (difference and percent change) in performance between CMJ and SJ, and CMJA and CMJ, respectively. CMJA performance was significantly (p < .05) higher than CMJ and SJ, and CMJ was h... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136512 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136511&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168916%26dopt%3DAbstract This study tested the effect of a structured aerobic exercise program on anger expression in healthy overweight children. Overweight sedentary children were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise program or a no-exercise control condition. All children completed the Pediatric Anger Expression Scale at baseline and posttest. Anger Out and Anger Expression scores were lower for the exercise condition at posttest. Fitness improvements contributed significantly to final models, and points earned for adherence correlated negatively with posttest Anger Out. An aerobic exercise program might be an effective strategy to reduce anger expression, including reduction of aggressive behavior, in overweight children. PMID: 19168916 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136511 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136510&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Berntsen S, Wisloff T, Nafstad P, Nystad W Little is known about the association between physical activity and lung function in childhood. We conducted a survey including parental reports of the child's participation in physical activity and measurements of lung function. The associations between physical activity and lung function were estimated by linear regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders in 2,537 children (9 to 10 years). Using the linear model in exploring the effect of physical activity on lung function with those who were physical active less than once a week as the reference category, showed that forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was highest among those who were physical active >/= 4 times a week also when adjusting for potential confounders... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136510 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136509&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nichols DL, Sanborn CF, Essery EV, Clark RA, Letendre JD The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of jumping activities and nutrition education on bone accretion in prepubescents. Fourth-grade children were divided into four groups: jumping (n = 61), nutrition (n = 9), jumping plus nutrition (n = 14), and control (n = 28). Interventions spanned the fourth and fifth grade academic years. Assessments were gathered at 0, 8 and 20 months. Baseline BMD values were (mean +/- SD): lumbar (0.752 +/- 0.095 g/cm2), neck (0.794 +/- 0.089 g/cm2) and total (0.907 +/- 0.060 g/cm2). There was a significant increase in BMD over time. However, the interventions produced no significant effects. Twice weekly jumping and/or biweekly nutrition education did not influence bone acc... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136509 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136508&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168919%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roche DM, Edmunds S, Cable T, Didi M, Stratton G No studies to date have evaluated the relationship between exercise and microvascular function in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Twenty-nine complication free children and adolescents with T1DM were assessed for skin microvascular reactivity, aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and physical activity. VO2peak but not physical activity was significantly and independently associated with maximal hyperemia of the skin microcirculation (p < .01). No significant associations were found between venoarteriolar reflex (VAR) vasoconstriction and VO2peak or physical activity. Aerobic fitness may be an important indicator or mediator of effective microvascular endothelial function in youth with T1DM. PMID: 19168919 [PubMed - in pr... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136508 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136507&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168920%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Honas JJ, Washburn RA, Smith BK, Greene JL, Cook-Wiens G, Donnelly JE The aim of this investigation was to develop an equation to estimate physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) during a 10-min physically active academic lesson using The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) and demographic information. PAEE (portable indirect calorimeter) and physical activity (SOFIT) were simultaneously assessed in 38, 2nd through 5th grade children. PAEE and SOFIT were 3.04 +/- 1.1 (kcal/min) and 3.8 +/- 0.4 (score), respectively. PAEE was predicted from SOFIT score and body weight [PAEE (kcal/min) = (1.384*SOFIT + 0.084*weight (kg)-5.126), R = .81, SEE = 1.23 kcal/min]. PAEE measured by indirect calorimeter and predicted from SOFIT and body weight were 3.04 +/- 1.1 (kc... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136507 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136506&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168921%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Atkin AJ, Gorely T, Biddle SJ, Marshall SJ, Cameron N The present study examined physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns of adolescents between 15.30h and 18.30h. The sample for this study is 1,484 (boys: n = 561; girls: n = 923). Boys and girls reported 21 and 19 min of physical activity and 24 and 26 min of homework respectively during this period. Technology-based sedentary behavior (TV viewing, computer and video game use) was significantly higher in boys than girls (boys = 50 mins; girls = 35 mins; p < .05). The most prevalent behaviors after school are technology-based sedentary behavior, homework and physical activity. During these hours, engagement in physical activity does not appear to displace time spent doing homework. PMID: 19168921 [PubMed - in p... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136506 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2136505&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19168922%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Faigenbaum AD, Ratamess NA, McFarland J, Kaczmarek J, Coraggio MJ, Kang J, Hoffman JR The purpose of this study was to assess the lifting performance of boys (N = 12; age 11.3 +/- 0.8 yr), teens (N = 13; age 13.6 +/- 0.6 yr), and men (N = 17; age 21.4 +/- 2.1 yr) to various rest interval (RI) lengths on the bench press exercise. Each subject performed 3 sets with a 10 repetition maximum load and a 1, 2, and 3 min RI between sets. Significant differences in lifting performance between age groups were observed within each RI for selected sets with boys and teens performing significantly more total repetitions than adults following protocols with 1 min (27.9 +/- 3.1, 26.9 +/- 3.9, and 18.2 +/- 4.1, respectively), 2 min (29.6 +/- 1.0, 27.8 +/- 3.5, and 21.4 +/- .1, respectively) a... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2136505 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2136505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722283&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714116%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raudsepp L, Neissaar I, Kull M The purpose of this study was to examine the stability of sedentary behaviors and physical activity in Estonian school children aged 11-12 year at the beginning of the study. In addition, the consequence of changes in sedentary behaviors on a change in physical activity was investigated. Adolescents (N = 345) completed the 3-Day Physical Activity Recall on four occasions over a 22-month period. Results indicated the curvilinear changes in sedentary behaviors and physical activity across time. There was a significant decrease in physical activity and an increase in sedentary behaviors across three years. Stability coefficients indicated a moderate differential stability of the sedentary behaviors (ranged from 0.31 to 0.64) and physical activity (r... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722283 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722283 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722282&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714117%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed at demonstrating the asymmetry in volume between the dominant and nondominant upper limbs in tennis players, controlled for maturity status. Upper limb volumes on both sides were calculated in 72 tennis players and 84 control subjects, using the truncated cone method. The participants' maturity status was determined using the predicted age at peak height velocity (PHV). The results showed significant larger side-to-side asymmetry in volume in tennis groups than in control groups. These findings suggested that, even before PHV, specific-sport adaptations occurred in the dominant upper limb in tennis players. PMID: 18714117 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722282 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722282 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722281&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714118%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duncan MJ, Woodfield L, Al-Nakeeb Y, Nevill AM The purpose of this study was to compare physical activity levels between white and South Asian children in the UK. The data were obtained from 606, 11-14 year old schoolchildren (397 white; 209 Asian). Physical activity was assessed using the 'four by one day' recall questionnaire from which the time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity was calculated. Boys were significantly more active than girls (p = .0001), and white children reported significantly greater physical activity than south Asian children (p = .001). Mean +/- SD of time spent in moderate and vigorous activity was 90.2 +/- 65.4 mins and 68.2 +/- 49.3 mins for white and south Asian children and 103.5 +/- 63.4 mins and 65.6 +/- 53.5 mins for boys and girls... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722281 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722281 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722280&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714119%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Korff T, Jensen JL When performing skillful movement muscular and nonmuscular forces act in concert to produce a resultant force that complies with the goal of the task. Nonmuscular forces are directly dependent on the anthropometry of the performer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of age-related changes in relative anthropometric characteristics between 5 and 10 years of age on muscular power production during pedaling. A secondary purpose was to determine the dependence of this effect on movement speed. A torque-driven model of two-legged pedaling was used to track experimental kinematics and forces obtained from 6 experienced adult cyclists pedaling at 60 and 120 rpm. Relative anthropometric characteristics were modified to simulate pedaling for childr... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722280 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722279&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dorsey KB, Herrin J, Krumholz HM An algorithm was developed to describe how physical activity (PA) patterns relate to overall motion counts. Thirty-five children wore an accelerometer (7-days). Each motion count was compared with the mean of surrounding counts within 21 min. Counts per minute similar to the mean were grouped into bouts. Counts that differed by more than 20% of the coefficient of variations (based on the mean and SD of the 21 min period) indicated transitions between bouts. Children with more daily motion had more and longer moderate (MPA) and vigorous (VPA) bouts, higher counts during MPA bouts, and more transitions from VPA to VPA bouts. In addition to differences in PA levels, highly active and less active children perform PA differently. PMID: 18714120 ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722279 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722278&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714121%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McMinn AM, van Sluijs EM, Wedderkopp N, Frobert K, Griffin SJ Cross-sectional associations between sociocultural factors and objectively-measured physical activity in a sample of 397 children (aged 9) and 213 adolescents (aged 15) were investigated. Associations with children's physical activity were found for mothers' physical activity (Beta = 80, p < .01), parental participation (Beta = 67, p = .01), mother's age (Beta=-8, p < .01) and, in girls, fathers' physical activity (Beta=73, p = .045; R2 for final model: 10.6%). No sociocultural factors were significantly associated with adolescents' physical activity. Parental factors might be important targets for interventions to increase children's physical activity but other factors may have greater influence. For adolesce... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722278 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722277&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714122%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McGuigan MR, Al Dayel A, Tod D, Foster C, Newton RU, Pettigrew S The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the OMNI Resistance Exercise scale (OMNI-RES) for monitoring the intensity of different modes of resistance training in children who are overweight or obese. Sixty-one children (mean age = 9.7 +/- 1.4 years) performed three resistance training sessions every week for 4 weeks. Each session consisted of three sets of 3-15 repetitions of eight different resistance exercises. OMNI-RES RPE measures (0-10) were obtained following each set and following the end of the exercise session. There was a significant difference between average RPE (1.68 +/- 0.61) and Session RPE (3.10 +/- 1.18) during the 4 weeks of training (p < .05). There was no significant change in... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722277 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722276&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714123%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Foley L, Prapavessis H, Maddison R, Burke S, McGowan E, Gillanders L Two studies were conducted to predict physical activity in school-aged children. Study 1 tested the utility of an integrated model in predicting physical activity (PA) intention and behavior-the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-efficacy theory. Six hundred and forty-five New Zealand children (aged 11-13 years) completed measures corresponding to the integrated model and a self-reported measure of PA one week later. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm were the two strongest predictors of intentions. Task efficacy and barrier efficacy were the two strongest predictors of PA. A second study (Study 2) was conducted to determine whether the self-efficacy measures could discriminate obje... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722276 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1722275&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18714124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lubans DR, Morgan PJ, Callister R, Collins CE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pedometer step counts and estimated VO2max as determined by a submaximal exercise test. Participants (N = 115; 65 girls, 50 boys) wore pedometers for five days and completed the Queen's College Step Test (QCST). Based on these results participants were classified as HIGH, MOD, or LOW cardiorespiratory fitness. Boys accumulated more steps per day (p < .05) than girls (12,766 +/- 4,923 versus 10,887 +/- 2,656). The relationship between estimated VO2max and mean steps/day was moderate (r = .34, p < .01). Participants classified as having HIGH fitness levels accumulated more steps/day than LOW-fit adolescents (p < .05). The results from this study suggest that e... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1722275 Fri, 01 Aug 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1722275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1555774&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579897%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined forearm vasodilatation during mental challenge and exercise in 72 obese children (OC; age = 10 +/- 0.1 years) homozygous with polymorphism in the allele 27 of the beta-2-adrenoceptors: Gln27 (n = 61) and Glu27 (n = 11). Forearm blood flow was recorded during 3 min of each using the Stroop color-word test (MS) and handgrip isometric exercise. Baseline hemodynamic and vascular measurements were similar. During the MS, peak forearm vascular conductance was significantly greater in group Glu27 (Delta = 0.35 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .042). Similar results were found during exercise (Delta = 0.64 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.13 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .035). Glu27 OC increased muscle vasodilatory responsiveness upon the MS and exercise. PMID: 18579897 [... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1555774 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1555774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1555773&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579898%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hehaghan J, McWhannell N, Foxweather L, Cable NT, Batterham AM, Stratton G, George KP This exploratory trial evaluates the effect of a structured exercise (STEX) or lifestyle intervention (PASS) program upon cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors in children. Sixty-one schoolchildren were randomly assigned by school to an intervention or control (CON) condition. The effect of the STEX (compared with CON) was a mean benefit of -0.018 mm for average maximum carotid intimamedia thickness. The PASS intervention did not result in clinically important effects, and no other substantial changes were observed. Relatively high probability of clinically beneficial effects of the STEX intervention suggests that a larger, definitive randomized trial with longer follow-up is warranted. ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1555773 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1555773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549524&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579893%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowland T "Scientists and others tend to be quite fond of neat, clear-cut patterns. Nature is not. Nature is inherently messy." Denis Noble, 2006. PMID: 18579893 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549524 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549523&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579894%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed sweat electrolyte concentration and losses in asthmatic children during exercise in the heat. Eleven asthmatics (AG; 11 +/- 2 years old) and 11 nonasthmatics (CG; 10 +/- 1 year old) underwent a maximal progressive cycleergometer test. During a second session, participants cycled in the heat (35 degrees C, 60% RH) of a climatic chamber for 30 min at 50-60% of maximal workload. Sweat was collected using sweat patches attached to the dorsal region. No differences were observed in sweat [Na+] (AG = 35 +/- 12.9 and CG = 43.4 +/- 18 mmol/L) and [Cl-] (AG = 27.3 +/- 10.4 and CG = 38.5 +/- 19.1 mmol/L). There was no difference in sweat Na+ losses (AG = 0.47 +/- 0.36 and CG = 0.66 +/- 0.68 mmol/kg/h) and Cl- losses (AG = 0.37 +/- 0.29 and CG = 0.59 +/- 0.62 mmol/kg/h) between gr... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549523 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549522&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579895%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the patterning of acute affective responses to prescribed and self-selected exercise intensities in a young adolescent population. Twenty-two young adolescents (13.3 +/- .33 years) completed a maximal exercise test to identify ventilatory threshold (VT). Participants then completed two prescribed intensities (one set above and one below the VT) and a self-selected intensity. Pre-, during, and postexercise affective valence was measured. Results revealed that during exercise, affective valence assessed by the Feeling Scale (FS) remained positive in the self-selected and low-intensity conditions but declined in the high-intensity condition. Postexercise FS responses rebounded to preexercise levels, eradicating divergent trends that occurred during exercise. PMID: 1857... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549522 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549521&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579896%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Altintas A, Asci FH The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity and pubertal status differences in the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem of Turkish adolescents. The current study also aimed to investigate the gender differences in the physical self-esteem. The pubertal status of participants was determined by a self-report questionnaire. The Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile and a weekly activity checklist were administered to 803 adolescents (Mage = 13.10 +/- 0.93). Analysis revealed significant main effects of physical activity on the multiple dimensions of physical self-esteem for both boys and girls. Follow-up analysis indicated that physically active boys and girls scored higher on almost all subscales of physical self-esteem... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549521 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549520&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579897%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined forearm vasodilatation during mental challenge and exercise in 72 obese children (OC; age = 10 +/- 0.1 years) homozygous with polymorphism in the allele 27 of the B 2-adrenoceptors: Gln27 (n = 61) and Glu27 (n = 11). Forearm blood flow was recorded during 3 min of each using the Stroop color-word test (MS) and handgrip isometric exercise. Baseline hemodynamic and vascular measurements were similar. During the MS, peak forearm vascular conductance was significantly greater in group Glu27 (? = 0.35 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .042). Similar results were found during exercise (? = 0.64 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.13 +/- 0.1 units, respectively, p = .035). Glu27 OC increased muscle vasodilatory responsiveness upon the MS and exercise. PMID: 18579897 [PubMed - in... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549520 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549519&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579898%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hehaghan J, McWhannell N, Foxweather L, Cable NT, Batterham AM, Stratton G, George KP This exploratory trial evaluates the effect of a structured exercise (STEX) or lifestyle intervention (PASS) program upon cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors in children. Sixty-one schoolchildren were randomly assigned by school to an intervention or control (CON) condition. The effect of the STEX (compared with CON) was a mean benefit of -0.018 mm for average maximum carotid intimamedia thickness. The PASS intervention did not result in clinically important effects, and no other substantial changes were observed. Relatively high probability of clinically beneficial effects of the STEX intervention suggests that a larger, definitive randomized trial with longer follow-up is warranted. ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549519 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549518&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579899%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sun DX, Schmidt G, Teo-Koh SM This is a validation study of the RT3 accelerometer for measuring physical activities of children in simulated free-living conditions. Twenty-five children age 12-14 years completed indoor testing, and 18 of them completed outdoor testing. Activity counts from the RT3 accelerometer estimated activity energy expenditure (AEE) and the Cosmed K4b2 analyzer measured oxygen uptake. Correlations were found between activity counts and metabolic cost (r = .95, p < .001), metabolic cost and RT3 estimated AEE (r = .96, p < .001) in the indoor test, activity counts and RT3 estimated AEE (r = .97, p < .001) in the outdoor test, and activity counts and metabolic cost when all activities were combined (r = .77, p < .001). Results indicate that the R... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549518 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549517&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579900%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sirard JR, Pfeiffer KA, Dowda M, Pate RR The purpose of this study was to identify racial differences in physical activity (PA), fitness, and BMI in female 8th-grade sports participants and nonparticipants. Girls from 31 South Carolina middle schools (N = 1,903, 48% White; mean age = 13.6 +/- 0.63) reported PA and previous year sports-team participation, completed a submaximal fitness test, and had height and weight measured. Sports team participation was positively associated with PA and negatively associated with television viewing and BMI, in a dose-response manner. Compared with Whites, African-Americans reported less PA and more television viewing, and had greater BMI scores. Whereas PA intervention programs that incorporate a sports-team component could benefit all girls... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549517 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1549516&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18579901%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wiebe PN, Blimkie CJ, Farpour-Lambert N, Briody J, Marsh D, Kemp A, Cowell C, Howman-Giles R Few studies have explored osteogenic potential of prepubertal populations. We conducted a 28-week school-based exercise trial of single-leg drop-landing exercise with 42 prepubertal girls (6 to 10 years) randomly assigned to control (C), low-drop (LD) or high-drop (HD) exercise groups. The latter two groups performed single-leg drop-landings (3 sessions/week-1 and 50 landings/session-1) from 14 cm(LD) and 28 cm(HD) using the nondominant leg. Osteogenic responses were assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Single-leg peak ground-reaction impact forces (PGRIF) in a subsample ranged from 2.5 to 4.4 x body-weight (BW). No differences (p > .05) were observed among groups ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1549516 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1549516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333657&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364530%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kremers SP, Brug J Internal reliability, convergent validity, and construct validity of the Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI) were examined with respect to physical activity (Study 1) and sedentary behavior (Study 2) among children and adolescents. Internal reliabilities of the SRHI proved to be high in both studies. The SRHI correlated significantly with behavioral frequency measures, as well as with known cognitive associates of these behaviors. Moreover, theory-based moderating influences of habit on the attitude-intention and intention-behavior relationships were identified. The study provides early evidence to support the concept of habit as being important in dealing with physical activity in children. PMID: 18364530 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Sci... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333657 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333656&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364531%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tammik K, Matlep M, Ereline J, Gapeyeva H, Paasuke M Isometric voluntary force production and relaxation capacity of the quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle was compared between 12 children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) and healthy controls, age 10-11 years. Children with CP had less (p < .05) maximal voluntary-contraction force, voluntary activation, and rate of force development than controls. Visual reaction to contraction did not differ significantly in measured groups, whereas the reaction time to relaxation and halfrelaxation time were longer (p < .05) in children with CP. The authors concluded that in children with CP, the capacity for rapid voluntary force production and relaxation is reduced to a greater extent than isometric maximal force. PMID: 1836... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333656 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333655&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364532%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rubin DA, McMurray RG, Harrell JS Differences in insulin concentrations between normal weight or overweight adolescents (n = 437) were determined depending on their habitual physical activity (PA) and aerobic power (pVO2max). Tertiles were computed for PA (survey) and pVO2max (submaximal predicted cycle test). Independent of their weight, adolescents in the upper 2 tertiles for vigorous PA had lower insulin concentrations than those in the bottom tertile (p < .05). Adolescents in the top tertile for pVO2max expressed per kg fat-free mass also had lower insulin concentrations than those in the medium and bottom tertiles (p = .002). In youth, vigorous physical activity and aerobic power are associated with fasting insulin independent of weight status. PMID: 18364532 [PubM... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333655 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333654&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364533%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fonseca RM, de Franca NM, Van Praagh E The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between health-related physical fitness and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents. One hundred forty-four adolescents (65 boys and 79 girls) between 15 and 18 years of age were recruited to this cross-sectional study. Subjects were evaluated in aerobic fitness, muscular fitness, flexibility, body composition, and maturation. BMD of the lumbar spine, total body, and proximal femur were measured by a dual-energy X-ray absorptionmeter. Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression analyses were used (p < .05). Lean body mass (LBM) and abdominal muscular fitness explained 35-40% of proximal femur BMD in whole group and boys' total body BMD (43%); however, VO2... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333654 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333653&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364534%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to assess bone strength using quantitative ultrasound (QUS, Sunlight Omnisense) in pre- and early-pubertal normal weight (NW, % body fat =20, n = 28), and overweight (OW, % body fat =25, n = 15) boys. Groups were similar in chronological and skeletal age, sexual maturity, sports participation, and calcium intake. Leisure-time physical activity was lower in OW boys. Radial speed of sound (SOS) was similar in the two groups. Tibial SOS, however, was significantly lower in OW compared with NW (3,554 +/- 109 vs. 3,646 +/- 71 m.s-1, respectively). Among pre- and early- pubertal boys, higher adiposity appears to be associated with lower bone SOS in the lower extremities. PMID: 18364534 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333653 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333652&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364535%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arngrimsson SA, Sveinsson T, Johannsson E The purpose of this study was to validate an equation that has been used to predict peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and, if invalid, to develop a new equation predicting VO2peak from performance on a cycle ergometer test. Forty-five 9- and 15-year-old children underwent a VO2peak test and were randomized into developmental (DEV) and cross-validation (C-V) groups. The equation under validation, which requires knowledge of resting energy expenditure (REE), underestimated VO2peak (p < .05), but once adjusted with a new parameter calculated in DEV, it cross-validated well (rYY' = .98, SE = .18 L . min-1). The accuracy of a new prediction equation built in DEV, not using REE, was confirmed in C-V (rYY' = .98, SE = .17 L . min-1) and the slo... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333652 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333651&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364536%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyzes trends in CVD risk factors and aerobic performance. Two cross-sectional studies were performed including 138 (58 boys and 80 girls) in 1998 and 110 (44 boys and 66 girls) in 2003 adolescents. Although in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) boys performed better than girls, they had lower body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol (TC) than girls. The data also showed a significant year effect (p = .000) for CRF in both boys and girls. The sex-age group interaction was not significant (p > .05). This cross-sectional study revealed a marked low CRF level over time in both boys and girls. PMID: 18364536 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333651 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333650&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364537%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated children's after-school activity and associations with body mass index (BMI) and family circumstance. One thousand two hundred thirty-four parents and 854 children (age 8-13 years) completed activity diaries for the 2 hours after school. Parents reported children as more active than children reported themselves. Boys were reported to be more active than girls. Activity levels were generally not associated with BMI or family circumstance with the exception of cultural background. Parent-reported mean child METs were higher for mothers born in Australia (3.3 vs. 3.0; p = .02). Child-reported mean METs were higher for fathers born in Australia (2.9 vs. 2.6; p = .04) and where English was their main language (2.9 vs. 2.3, p = .003). PMID: 18364537 [PubMed - in proce... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333650 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1333649&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18364538%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Eck M, Dallmeijer AJ, Beckerman H, van den Hoven PA, Voorman JM, Becher JG The purpose of this study was to describe the physical activity level of adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and to investigate the associated factors. The physical activity level was measured by means of a questionnaire filled in by the parents of 72 adolescents with CP (12-16 years of age) and expressed in METs. Older age, female gender, and hip dysplasia were significantly associated with a lower level of physical activity. Eighty-nine percent were not physically active enough according to the Dutch norm. Physical activity needs to be promoted, especially among older adolescents with CP (age 14-16 years), girls, and adolescents with hip dysplasia. PMID: 18364538 [PubMed - in process] (Source... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1333649 Fri, 01 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1333649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253041&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089905%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, metabolism is not affected by a moderate caffeine dose in children or adults. The same dose has a similar effect on BP in both groups. The effect on HR was different, however, with a significant (p < .05) lowering in children in CAF versus PL, with no adult effects. PMID: 18089905 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253041 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253040&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wickel EE, Eisenmann JC The age-related decline in physical activity during adolescence is well documented; however, little is known about differences in physical activity among early, average, and late maturing adolescents. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between maturity status and physical activity among 167 adolescents who were 13-14 years old. The maturity offset was derived and biological maturity groups were created. Habitual physical activity was determined with a pedometer over a 7-day period. No significant maturity-group differences were found for physical activity. The results of this study did not demonstrate significant differences in physical activity as determined by a pedometer among early, average, and late maturing 13- to 14-year-ol... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253040 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253039&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089907%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study of 239 primary school children, there were no significant differences in daily activity levels, body composition, or estimated dietary energy intake between those who walk to school (WALK) and those who travel by car (CAR; p < .05). WALK children were more active between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. and 4 p.m. than CAR children (p < .05). In addition, there were no significant differences in the main analysis when participants were subgrouped by gender and age. PMID: 18089907 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253039 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253039 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253038&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089908%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Heyman E, Toutain C, Delamarche P, Berthon P, Briard D, Youssef H, Dekerdanet M, Gratas-Delamarche A Sixteen postmenarcheal Type 1 diabetic adolescent girls were randomized into training (involving aerobic and strength exercises) and nontraining groups. Body composition (skinfold thickness), aerobic fitness (PWC170), plasma lipids, serum apolipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), leptin, and adiponectin were assessed before and after the 6-month period. After the 6-month period, fat mass and leptin increased significantly in the nontraining group but not in the training group. Conversely, in the latter group, fat-free mass increased (P < .01). Moreover, PWC170 improved and apolipoproteinB:apolipoproteinA-1 ratio decreased with physical training (P < .05). Thus, physical training r... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253038 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253038 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253037&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089909%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowe DA, Raedeke TD, Wiersma LD, Mahar MT The purpose of the study was to investigate the measurement properties of questionnaires associated with the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model. Data were collected from 296 children in Grades 5-8 using several existing questionnaires corresponding to YPAP model components, a physical activity questionnaire, and 6 consecutive days of pedometer data. Internal validity of the questionnaires was tested using confirmatory factor analyses, and external validity was investigated via correlations with physical activity and body composition. Initial model fit of the questionnaires ranged from poor to very good. After item removal, all scales demonstrated good fit. Correlations with percentage body fat and objectively measured physi... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253037 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253037 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253036&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089910%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether active commuting to and from school was associated with more frequent walking and cycling to other neighborhood destinations. Parents reported on free-time physical activity and frequency of active commuting among 1,643 South Australians (9-15 years), as well as their perceptions of risk associated with active commuting in the neighborhood. Groups were formed on the basis of active and motorized transport to and from school and compared on the frequency of walking and cycling to other neighborhood destinations. Those who actively commuted between home and school were approximately 30% more likely to actively commute to other neighborhood destinations, independent of age, free-time physical activity, and neighborhood risk. Active commuting to and from school is p... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253036 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253036 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253035&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089911%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suuriniemi M, Suominen H, Mahonen A, Alen M, Cheng S This follow-up study confirms our previous findings that the ER-alpha PvuII polymorphism (Pp) modulates the association between exercise and bone mass. The differences in bone properties of girls with consistently low physical activity (LLPA) and consistently high physical activity (HHPA) were evident only in those bearing the heterozygote ER-alpha genotype (Pp). In particular, areal bone mineral density of the total femur, bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density of the femoral neck, and bone mineral content and cortical thickness of the tibia shaft were significantly (p < .05) lower in the Pp girls with LLPA than in their HHPA counterparts. These findings might partly explain the genetic basis of human variat... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253035 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253034&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089912%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared the cardiovascular responses and energy costs of new and traditional screen based entertainments, as played by twenty 9- to 12-year-old children. Playing traditional electronic games resulted in little change to heart rate or energy expenditure compared with watching a DVD. In contrast, playing an active-input game resulted in a 59% increase in heart rate (p < .001) and a 224% increase in energy expenditure (p < .001) for boys and girls. The average heart rate of 130 bpm and energy expenditure of 0.13 kcal . min-1 . kg-1 achieved during active-input game use equates with moderate intensity activities such as basketball and jogging. Active-input electronic games might provide children with opportunities to engage with technology and be physically active at the same... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253034 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253033&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18089913%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provided further support for the relationship between PSPs and physical activity and the relationship between maturation and aspects of PSPs. In this age group, maturation does not appear to be related to physical activity or the PSPs most strongly influential on physical activity behavior. PMID: 18089913 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253033 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253032&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18095402%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowland T PMID: 18095402 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253032 Thu, 01 Nov 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253051&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019584%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowland T PMID: 18019584 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253051 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253050&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019585%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowlands AV Accelerometry is frequently used to assess physical activity in children. The number of articles in this area has increased dramatically in the last 10 years. The aim of this article is to provide a contemporary overview of accelerometry research in children. Specifically, the review addresses the choice of monitor, choice of epoch, when and for how long activity should be measured, the lack of consensus over how to define a complete day of activity data, issues of compliance, methods for the calibration of activity output, and the richness of data available from accelerometry. PMID: 18019585 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253050 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253049&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019586%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hartman E, Visscher C, Houwen S The aim of this study was to measure physical fitness of deaf Dutch elementary school children compared with hearing children and to investigate the influence of age on physical fitness. Deaf children were physically less fit than hearing children. Overall, physical fitness increased with age in deaf children, but no significant differences were found between the age groups of 9-10 years and 11-12 years on most of the Eurofit items. The difference in performance between deaf and hearing children, favoring the latter, increased with age in handgrip strength and the 20-m endurance shuttle run. More attention should be paid to developing and maintaining an adequate level of physical fitness in deaf children. PMID: 18019586 [PubMed - indexed for... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253049 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253048&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019587%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyzes the relationships between leisure time physical activity (LTPA), sedentary behaviors, socioeconomic status, and perceived environmental variables. The sample comprised 815 girls and 746 boys. In girls, non-LTPA participants reported significantly more screen time. Girls with safety concerns were more likely to be in the non-LTPA group (OR = 0.60) and those who agreed with the importance of aesthetics were more likely to be in the active-LTPA group (OR = 1.59). In girls, an increase of 1 hr of TV watching was a significant predictor of non-LTPA (OR = 0.38). LTPA for girls, but not for boys, seems to be influenced by certain modifiable factors of the built environment, as well as by time watching TV. PMID: 18019587 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exe... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253048 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253047&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019588%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stone MR, Esliger DW, Tremblay MS The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of age and leg length on the energy-expenditure predictions of five activity monitors. Participants (N=86, ages 8-40 years) performed three progressive bouts of treadmill activity ranging from 4 to 12 km/hr. Differences between measured energy expenditure (VO2) and activity-monitor-predicted energy expenditure were assessed across five leg length categories to determine the influence of leg length. Accelerometer counts or pedometer steps along with age, weight, and leg length accounted for 85-94% of measured energy expenditure. The addition of age and leg length as predictor variables explained a larger amount of variance in energy expenditure across all speeds. Differences in leg length a... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253047 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253046&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019589%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dowda M, Pate RR, Sallis JF, Freedson PS, Taylor WC, Sirard JR, Trost SG Parents and 531 students (46% males, 78% white) completed equivalent questionnaires. Agreement between student and parent responses to questions about hypothesized physical activity (PA) correlates was assessed. Relationships between hypothesized correlates and an objective measure of student's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a subset of 177 students were also investigated. Agreement between student and parent ranged from r = .34 to .64 for PA correlates. Spearman correlations between MVPA and PA correlates ranged from--.04 to .21 for student report and--.14 to .32 for parent report, and there were no statistical differences for 8 out of 9 correlations between parent and student. Parents ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253046 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253045&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019590%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Almuzaini KS The main purpose of the present study was to determine isokinetic strength and endurance, isometric strength, and anaerobic power for untrained healthy Saudi children and adolescents. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the effects of age in relation to anthropometric characteristics on strength and anaerobic performances. Forty-four (untrained) 11- to 19-year-old boys were grouped by age: 11-13 years, 14-16 years, and 17-19 years. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements, a flexibility test, a vertical jump test, a grip strength test, isokinetic strength measurements (Cybex Norm), and a Wingate anaerobic power test. One-way ANOVA results indicated age-related increases in muscle strength and power. High correlation coefficients that were found amo... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253045 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253044&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019591%26dopt%3DAbstract This study sought to quantify the energy expenditure and physical activity associated with playing the "new generation" active and nonactive console-based video games in 21 children ages 10-14 years. Energy expenditure (kcal) derived from oxygen consumption (VO2) was continuously assessed while children played nonactive and active console video games. Physical activity was assessed continuously using the Actigraph accelerometer. Significant (p < .001) increases from baseline were found for energy expenditure (129-400%), heart rate (43-84%), and activity counts (122-1288 versus 0-23) when playing the active console video games. Playing active console video games over short periods of time is similar in intensity to light to moderate traditional physical activities such as walking, skippi... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253044 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253043&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019592%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Knecht SK, Mays WA, Gerdes YM, Claytor RP, Knilans TK The aim of this study was to provide a normal reference for arm-leg blood pressure gradients in normal pediatric and young-adult patients before and after exercise. We assessed 216 normal participants by physical or echocardiographic exam, maximally tested using the James Cycle Protocol, with arm and leg blood pressures taken pre- and postexercise. Arm-leg gradients significantly increased from -5 mmHg at rest to 4, 2, and 1 mmHg 1, 3, and 4 min postexercise (p < .05). There was a small, statistically significant increase in arm-leg blood pressure with exercise, which is probably clinically insignificant. These data serve as a normal reference. PMID: 18019592 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253043 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253042&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18019593%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the specific exercise program appeared to provide positive benefits for adolescents suffering from recurrent nonspecific low back pain. Further evaluation is required to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercise rehabilitation program in relation to other interventions and to assess the long-term effectiveness. PMID: 18019593 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253042 Wed, 01 Aug 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253061&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603136%26dopt%3DAbstract This article represents a response to an editorial piece written in Pediatric Exercise Science over 10 years ago by Thomas Rowland in which he debated fitness testing and asked whether the "horse" of fitness testing in schools was dead. Here, the authors revisit the debate and consider the progress that has been made with regard to fitness testing in schools in recent years. On the basis of findings from the literature and some of their research, the authors suggest that accepting the fact that the horse is dead would not be a bad thing. Their advice is certainly to pull tightly on the reigns, slow the horse down, and not allow fitness testing to dominate schools' efforts to promote physical activity. PMID: 17603136 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253061 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253060&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Botcazou M, Jacob C, Gratas-Delamarche A, Vincent S, Bentué-Ferrer D, Delamarche P, Zouhal H The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of sex on plasma catecholamine responses to sprint exercise in adolescents and adults. Thirty-six untrained participants took part in this study-9 girls and 10 boys (Tanner Stage 4) and 9 women and 8 men. Each participant performed a 6-s sprint test on a cycle ergometer. Plasma adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) concentrations were determined successively at rest (A0 and NA0), immediately after the 6-s sprint test (AEX and NAEX), and after 5 min of recovery (A5 and NA5). Peak power, expressed in absolute values or relative to body weight and fat-free mass, was significantly higher in boys than in girls and higher in men than i... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253060 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253059&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603138%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Welk GJ, Eisenmann JC, Schaben J, Trost SG, Dale D The unique physical and movement characteristics of children necessitate the development of accelerometer equations and cut points that are population specific. The purpose of this study is to develop an ecologically valid cut point for the Biotrainer Pro monitor that reflects a threshold for moderate-intensity physical activity in elementary school children. A sample of 30 children (ages 8-12) wore a Biotrainer monitor while completing a series of 7 movement tasks (calibration phase) and while participating in an organized group activity (cross-validation phase). Videotapes from each session were processed using a computerized direct-observation technique to provide a criterion measure of physical activity. Analyses involved ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253059 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253058&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603139%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marinov B, Mandadzhieva S, Kostianev S The aim of this article was to assess the oxygen-uptake efficiency slope (OUES) throughout the age span of 7 to 18 years. One hundred fourteen healthy children (58 boys and 56 girls) exercised on a treadmill by means of a modified Balke protocol. The OUES grew in a nonlinear pattern with age, and it appeared to be significantly higher in boys than in girls. There was a very strong correlation between OUES and VO2peak (r = .92), and there was a small difference between the values of OUES calculated for different exercise intensities. Stepwise-regression analysis outlined body surface area (BSA) and sex as main determinants of OUES. OUES is an objective measure of exercise capacity that does not require a maximal effort but is considerably ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253058 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253057&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603140%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ozmen T, Ryildirim NU, Yuktasir B, Beets MW The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a school-based cardiovascular-fitness-training program in children with mental retardation (MR). Thirty boys (8-15 years old) with mild to moderate mental retardation were randomly divided into 2 groups--experimental (EX) and control (CN). The EX group underwent 10 weeks of training 3 times/week for a duration of 1 hr/session at 60-80% peak heart rate. At Week 10, significant increases in 20-m shuttle-run-test (20-MST) laps were observed for the EX group. No improvements were found in percent body fat. No changes were observed for the CN. The school-based training program might prove useful in improving the cardiovascular fitness of children with MR. PMID: 17603140 [PubMed -... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253057 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253056&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603141%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined achievement goal orientation patterns and their impact on student motivation in physical education running programs. Participants included 533 fifth graders. They completed questionnaires assessing their achievement goal orientations, expectancy beliefs, task values, and intentions for future participation in running. They also completed a timed, 1-mile run. Data revealed 4 goal orientation patterns: low task/low ego, low task/high ego, high task/low ego, and high task/high ego. Students in the high-task/low-ego and high-task/high-ego groups demonstrated higher levels of motivation in running than those in the low-task/low-ego and low-task/high-ego groups. PMID: 17603141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253056 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253055&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603142%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buchheit M, Solano R, Millet GP The aim of the present investigation was to compare the accuracy of the heart-rate (HR) deflection point (HRDP) and the second HR variability threshold (HRVTh2) to predict anaerobic threshold in boys. HRDP was determined from slope trends of successive linear regressions. HRVTh2 was determined from the high frequency's peak and power-density trends. The second ventilatory threshold (VTh2) corresponding to the first decrease in PETCO2, with an increase in VE /VCO2, was used as the reference measure of AnT. Results show that VO2 and HR were similar at HRDP, HRVTh2, and VTh2. HRVTh2 and HRDP were highly correlated. It appears that HRVTh2 is a good alternative to HRDP for assessing anaerobic threshold. HRVTh2 and HRDP might rely on similar mechanism... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253055 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253054&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603143%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, daily step counts were recorded for 4 consecutive days in 129 four- and five-year-old children. To compare daily Yamax Digiwalker step counts with minutes of engagement in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), concurrent accelerometer data were collected in a random subsample (n = 76). The average daily step count was 9,980 (+/- 2,605). Step counts and MVPA minutes were strongly correlated (r = .73, p < .001). The daily step count of 13,874, equating to 1-hr MVPA engagement, was reached by 8% of the children. Daily step counts in preschool children give valid information on physical activity levels-daily step counts in preschoolers are low. PMID: 17603143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253054 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253053&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603144%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: D'Alessandro C, Morelli E, Evangelisti I, Galetta F, Franzoni F, Lazzeri D, Piazza M, Cupisti A The aim of this study was to investigate the body composition and dietary intake of competitive club-level rhythmic gymnasts, who represent the larger cohort of the sport's practitioners. Fifty-five rhythmic gymnasts and 55 nonathlete females (13-19 years of age) were seen individually to collect a dietary recall and to take anthropometric data and bioelectric-impedance analysis. Gymnasts had lower body-mass index and lesser skinfold thickness, although middle arm-muscle circumference was similar in the 2 groups. Gymnasts had lower body-fat measures but normal levels of fat-free mass (FFM) and body-cellular mass. Gymnasts had better dietary habits than the age-matched controls. Low ... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253053 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253052&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17603145%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Raustorp A, Svenson K, Perlinger T Tracking refers to the tendency for individuals to maintain their rank in a group over time. The authors explored tracking of pedometer-determined physical activity. In October of 2000, 2003, and 2005, data of physical activity as steps per day were collected with sealed Yamax SW-200 pedometers (Tokyo, Japan) for 4 consecutive schooldays in 97 (46 boys and 51 girls) Swedish adolescents (mean age 12.7 in 2000). In general, tracking of pedometer-determined physical activity was low to moderate during adolescence. A sex difference, with boys expressing higher tracking, was seen. Moderate tracking was seen in the individuals who, according to recommendations, were insufficiently active. PMID: 17603145 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: P... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253052 Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100 1253052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253071&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554152%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rowland T PMID: 17554152 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pediatric Exercise Science) Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253071 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253070&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554153%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moore JB, Hanes JC, Barbeau P, Gutin B, Treviño RP, Yin Z The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) is a validated self-report measure of physical activity widely used to assess physical activity in children (8-14 years of age). To date, however, the instrument has been validated in largely White Canadian samples. The purpose of the present article is to determine the psychometric properties of the PAQ-C for African American, European American, and Hispanic children. Two studies were conducted in which independent samples were administered the PAQ-C, along with varying indices of cardiovascular fitness, fatness, and psychological measures related to physical activity. Results showed that the reliability and validity of the PAQ-C varied by race and tha... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253070 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253069&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cairney J, Hay JA, Faught BE, Flouris A, Klentrou P It is not known whether children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than children without the disorder, or whether this relationship varies by age and gender. These issues are examined using a cross-sectional assessment of children 9-14 years of age (N = 549). Participants were screened for DCD using the short form Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP-SF). A BOTMP-SF age-adjusted standard score at or below the 10th percentile rank on the BOTMP-SF was required to classify a diagnosis for probable DCD. CRF was determined from each participant's predicted peak-aerobic power using the Léger 20-m shuttle-run test. Children with DCD report lower CRF than ch... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253069 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253068&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554155%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether feedback or feedback plus physical activity information could increase the number of pedometer steps taken during 1 school week. One hundred seventy-seven students (mean age 9.124 +/- 1.11 years) in three elementary schools participated. Schools were randomly assigned to control (CON), feedback (FB), or feedback plus information (FB+I) groups. Children wore pedometers during school time for 5 consecutive weekdays. The total steps of the groups were recorded at the end of each school day, with students in the FB and FB+I groups free to view their step counts. In addition, the FB+I group received information and ideas about how they could increase their daily steps. The CON group received no step-count feedback or information. Students in the FB+I group achieved s... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253068 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253067&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554156%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the nature of the relationship between precompetitive state anxiety (CSAI-2C), subjective (race position) and objective (satisfaction) performance outcomes, and self-rated causal attributions (CDS-IIC) for performance in competitive child swimmers. Race position, subjective satisfaction, self-confidence, and, to a lesser extent, cognitive state anxiety (but not somatic state anxiety) were associated with the attributions provided by the children for their swimming performance. The study partially supported the self-serving bias hypothesis; winners used the ego-enhancing attributional strategy, but the losers did not use an ego-protecting attributional style. Age but not gender appeared to influence the attributions provided in achievement situations. PMID: 17554... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253067 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253066&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kelly LA, Reilly JJ, Jackson DM, Montgomery C, Grant S, Paton JY Tracking of total physical activity (PA), moderate to vigorous activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior was assessed in 42 young children (mean age at baseline 3.8 years) over a 2-year period using the Actigraph accelerometer. Tracking was analyzed using Spearman rank correlations, percentage agreements, and kappa statistics. Spearman rank correlations were r = .35 (p = .002) for total PA, r = .37 (p = .002) for MVPA, and r = .35 (p = .002) for sedentary behavior. Percentage agreements for PA, MVPA, and sedentary behavior were 38, 41, and 26 respectively. Kappa statistics for PA, MVPA, and sedentary behavior ranged from poor to fair. Results suggest low levels of tracking of total physical activity, MVPA, and sede... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253066 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253065&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hartwig TB, Naughton G Despite widespread encouragement for children to participate in sport, the efficacy of early sporting pathways remains underexplored. We compared a rotational junior-sport model combining skills from rugby, cricket, and netball with a modified games model. Motion analysis was used to quantify movement. Results revealed no differences between sporting models in relative percent time spent stationary (p = .32), walking (p = .89), jogging (p = .45), and fast running (p = .06). The rotational model had a greater number of skill-development opportunities per minute (median = 3.4) compared with the modified games model (median = 1.1, p = .001). Promising results from varied and rotational skill exposure warrant further elucidation. PMID: 17554158 [PubMed -... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253065 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253064&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jürimäe J, Haljaste K, Cicchella A, Lätt E, Purge P, Leppik A, Jürimäe T The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the energy cost of swimming, body composition, and technical parameters on swimming performance in young swimmers. Twenty-nine swimmers, 15 prepubertal (11.9 +/- 0.3 years; Tanner Stages 1-2) and 14 pubertal (14.3 +/- 1.4 years; Tanner Stages 3-4) boys participated in the study. The energy cost of swimming (Cs) and stroking parameters were assessed over maximal 400-m front-crawl swimming in a 25-m swimming pool. The backward extrapolation technique was used to evaluate peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). A stroke index (SI; m2 . s(-1) . cycles(-1)) was calculated by multiplying the swimming speed by the stroke length. VO2pea... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253064 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253063&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554160%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week aerobic-exercise training program on ventilatory threshold and ventilatory efficiency in overweight children. Twenty overweight children (BMI > 85th percentile) performed a graded cycle exercise test at baseline and were then randomly assigned to 8 weeks of stationary cycling (n = 10) or a nonexercising control group (n = 10). Ventilatory variables were examined at ventilatory threshold (VT), which was determined via the Dmax method. After 8 weeks, significant improvements occurred in the exercise group compared with the control group for oxygen uptake at VT (exercise = 1.03 +/- 0.13 to 1.32 +/- 0.12 L/min vs. control = 1.20 +/- 0.10 to 1.11 +/- 0.10 L/min, p < .05) and ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxide (VE... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253063 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1253062&cid=s_36867_33_f&fid=36867&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17554161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thomas NE, Cooper SM, Williams SP, Baker JS, Davies B The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between aerobic fitness (AF), fatness, and coronary-heart-disease (CHD) risk factors in 12- to 13-year-olds. The data were obtained from 208 schoolchildren (100 boys; 108 girls) ages 12.9 +/- 0.3 years. Measurements included AF, indices of obesity, blood pressure, blood lipids and lipoproteins, fibrinogen, homocysteine, and C-reactive protein. An inverse relationship was found between AF and fatness (p <or= .05). Fatness was related to a greater number of CHD risk factors than fitness was (p <or= .05). Further analysis revealed fatness to be an independent predictor of triglyceride and blood-pressure levels (p <or= .05). Our findings indicate that, for young pe... Pediatric Exercise Science journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1253062 Thu, 01 Feb 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1253062