Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy via MedWorm.com MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy' source. Fri, 27 Jan 2012 19:28:04 +0100 List of Reviewers Volume 8, 2011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454229&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011004297%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454229 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 12:39:47 +0100 5454229 Editorial Board http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454217&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011004339%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454217 Tue, 29 Nov 2011 12:39:47 +0100 5454217 Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) establishes an Antitumor PDT Expert Committee http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454228&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100425X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The 5th CSCO-Nanfang Forum on Tumor Biological Therapy and Molecular Targeted Therapy and the 10th National Symposium on Advances in Comprehensive Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment was held in Guangzhou China on August 21, 2011. During the meeting, Dr. Shukui Qin, the Executive Director of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), announced the birth of CSCO Antitumor PDT Expert Committee. Drs. Rongcheng Luo and Ying Gu are appointed as the Chairmen of the committee. Drs. Xiaoshan Feng, Yuxian Bai, Nanzheng Zhang, Guoliang Xu and Libo Li are appointed as Vice Chairmen. In addition, the Committee consists of another 24 members. Currently, there are over a dozen oncology expert and specialty committees under the CSCO organization. The addition of a PDT committee reflects the growing interest... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454228 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454228 Prospective evaluation of 110 patients following ultrasound-guided photodynamic therapy for deep seated pathologies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454219&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011004194%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: This study on 110 patients with deep-seated pathologies undergoing interstitial photodynamic therapy provided further evidence that PDT is a useful modality in the management of these pathologies that are otherwise resistant to conventional treatments, and with minimal side effects. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454219 Tue, 20 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454219 In vitro photodynamic inactivation of Candida spp. by different doses of low power laser light http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454224&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011004224%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study evaluated the efficacy of PDT in photoinactivation of Candida species using methylene blue (MB) and irradiation with a diode laser (660nm, 40mW). Suspensions of Candida species were obtained containing 106cfu/ml, transferred to 96-holes plates and exposed to 03 doses of laser light (60J/cm2, 120J/cm2, 180J/cm2) in the presence of MB. Additional suspensions were treated with only the MB, the laser light or with 0.85% saline (control groups). After the treatments, 1μl aliquot of the suspensions was plated in duplicate on SDA. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24–48h and after this period there was the counting of colonies (cfu/ml). The three evaluated doses determined meaningful inactivation of Candida spp. (p (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454224 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454224 Successful treatment of refractory facial acne using repeat short-cycle ALA-PDT: Case study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454226&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003991%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Summary: Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological disorder. Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT)-mediated with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or methyl aminolevulinic acid (MAL) has been successfully used in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the feasibility of using a repeat weekly short-cycle ALA-PDT to treat severe facial acne lesions refractory to systemic retinoid and antibiotics. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454226 Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454226 Editorial Board http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155869&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011004029%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155869 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 08:35:35 +0100 5155869 Bioimpedance for pain monitoring during cutaneous photodynamic therapy: Preliminary study http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454220&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003929%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Bioimpedance spectroscopy can provide valuable data for real-time observation of changes in skin, and may contribute to an increased understanding of the mechanisms responsible for induction of pain during topical PDT. Future studies are needed. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454220 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454220 BMLA 2011, May 19th and 20th Woburn, UK http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454227&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100398X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The 2011 annual conference of the British Medical Laser Association, with its PDPDT interest group, took place in the splendid setting of Woburn Abbey. The local organisers, Peter Mahaffey and Sue Walker, are to be congratulated for this well orchestrated event. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454227 Mon, 08 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454227 Foslip®-based photodynamic therapy as a means to improve wound healing http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454222&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003942%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Topical application of low dose Foslip® in a collagen matrix followed by illumination considerably accelerates wound healing. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454222 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454222 Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for lung cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155870&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003875%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Summary: Clinical PDT began in the early 1980s and lung cancer was one of the first indications for which the procedure was tried. Initially patients with advanced inoperable cancer and major bronchial obstruction were targeted with the objective of relief of airway obstruction and symptom palliation.In the past 30 years, assisted by progress in imaging methods and advances of technological developments, PDT indications have expanded to incorporate a multitude of lung cancer presentations which this review aims to display.Locally advanced and early stage endobronchial cancer continues to be the major indications albeit with a more precise diagnostic and guided illumination devices. Peripheral parenchymal disease has been a technical challenge but there is still ongoing development. Multifo... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155870 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155870 Championing photoantimicrobial discovery http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155878&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003954%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Mike Hamblin's recent letter regarding the putative use of photoantimicrobials in wounds and/or skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) was, as one would expect, a well-informed, balanced piece which made a very good case in favour of clinical adoption. However, the move from laboratory bench to hospital bedside for the anti-infective application appears to be taking considerably longer than was the case for anticancer PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155878 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155878 Reply to “Championing photoantimicrobial discovery” http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155879&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003966%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Mark Wainwright's reply (ref) to the letter written by Hamblin and Dai makes some interesting and relevant points relating to the choice of a photosensitizer for potential clinical trials of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for surgical site infections. Dr Wainwright discusses the relative merits and disadvantages of different members of the phenothiazinium dye family related to the parent compound methylene blue (MB). He agrees that the compounds with increased methylation on the basic molecular framework of the phenothiazinium dye such as new methylene blue (NMB), methyl methylene blue (MMB) and dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) are more powerful photosensitizing agents against both bacteria (and other microorganisms) as well as mammalian cells. However he then asserts that these derivatives have ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155879 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155879 Indocyanine green-based photodynamic therapy with 785nm light emitting diode for oral squamous cancer cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454225&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003930%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: Using ICG-PDT with 785nm LED light, the LED is regarded as a satisfying light source since cancer treatments in the oral region do not require focusing and increased depth of penetration due to longer wavelength enhances treatment effectiveness. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454225 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454225 Porphyrins in urine after administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid as a potential tumor marker http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454223&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003917%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusion: These results suggest that UP as a precursor of heme detected in the urine of tumor-bearing mice after ALA administration is a potential marker of tumor development. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454223 Thu, 02 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454223 Low dose hypericin-PDT induces complete tumor regression in BALB/c mice bearing CT26 colon carcinoma http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454218&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003905%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Conclusions: Not only drug concentrations and light doses seem to determine the efficiency of tumor eradication, but also the localization of hypericin at the time of irradiation. Targets in our low-dose PDT protocol are exclusively the vessels. The advantage of this low-dose PDT beside less drug and light exposure of the animals is reduced skin damage, faster healing of the lesions and induction of an antitumoral immune response. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454218 Mon, 30 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454218 Effect of photodynamic therapy and endostatin on human glioma xenografts in nude mice http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5454221&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003899%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endostar (a recombinant human endostatin) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on gliomas. To establish glioma xenografts, human U251 glioma cells were injected into the brain of nude mice. Mice with MRI-confirmed glioma received hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)-mediated PDT, daily injection of endostar or their combination, respectively. After treatment, tumor volume, the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A and apoptosis marker, and animal survival were examined. PDT and endostar treatment can prolong survival. Changes in induction of apoptosis, tumor growth and survival were more significant in PDT+endostar group. After PDT, HIF-1α and VEGF-A expressions were markedly increased. After endostar treatment, HIF-1α and VEGF-A expre... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5454221 Fri, 20 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5454221 The application of photosensitisers to tropical pathogens in the blood supply http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5155871&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003887%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Summary: The onset of the HIV pandemic led both to significant alterations in blood collection and screening practice and to the development of more sophisticated methods of inactivation of infectious agents from the blood supply. Photodynamic (i.e. light activated) pathogen inactivation is one such method currently in limited use in various European states. The approach is based on the generation of a burst of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in the activation of several cell death mechanisms. However, its application to tropical pathogens is perhaps less appreciated, despite the fact that the efficacies of photoantimicrobial agents such as methylene blue were originally reported following screening against organisms such as Trypanosoma cruzi and viruses such as those respo... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5155871 Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5155871 Optical coherence tomography of the tongue papillae for patients suffering from taste disorders following chemoradiotherapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719323&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003620%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: In vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a relatively new, non-invasive method for assessment of the oral cavity epithelium. The penetration depth of approximately 2mm allows visualization of tongue papillae structures and assesses their geometry. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719323 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719323 Risk assessment of oral epithelium thickness using in vivo OCT http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719322&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000408%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Tobacco and alcohol consumption are identified as one of the main risk factors for developing oral cancer. The oral mucosa is known to be directly affected by these factors leading to changes on the cellular and sub-cellular levels. Identification of early structural changes in the oral mucosa can help in predicting premalignant and malignant changes. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719322 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719322 Optical coherence tomography-guided photodynamic therapy for skin cancer: Case series http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719321&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000391%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Guiding and monitoring treatment during and after photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin cancer is often difficult. Objectives: We investigated the applicability of in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) in guiding and monitoring PDT in patients with skin cancer. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719321 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719321 The management of periorbital skin tumours using surface illumination photodynamic therapy: Case series http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719320&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100038X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Objective: The purpose of this prospective case series was to assess the outcome following photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) involving the periorbital skin. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719320 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719320 Single fiber reflectance measurements of cervical lymph nodes for identifying metastasis from oral carcinoma http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719319&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000378%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Ultrasound fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can confirm/exclude metastasis in the neck of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). Metastasis can alter the physiological parameters within lymph nodes. These changes will lead to a lower blood volume (BV) and saturation levels (StO2), which can be detected by single fiber reflectance measurements (SFRM). This pilot study investigated if SFRM can be used in FNAC in the diagnosis of metastasis. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719319 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719319 Qualitative optical coherence tomography for normal and pathologic skin lesions http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719318&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000366%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: The pre-clinical application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) on ex vivo skin lesions has validated this tool structurally and metrically. However, knowledge of in vivo normal and pathological skin architectural and morphological properties would be of significant interest in dermatological practice. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719318 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719318 Optical diagnostics: An update on the most commonly applied techniques in the head and neck http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719317&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000354%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: While Histopathology remains the gold standard for tissue diagnosis, several new diagnostic techniques are being developed that rely on physical and biochemical changes that precede and mirror malignant change within tissue. The technique involves the use of novel optical techniques, which have an advantage of being simple non-invasive methods of tissue interrogation. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719317 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719317 Optical coherence tomography for classification of oral mucosal lesions http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719316&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000342%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Not having to take a biopsy of oral mucosal lesions can be a great relief for patients. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows non-invasive imaging of epithelial layers and subsequently of epithelial lesions. The aim of this study is to establish whether OCT can aid in clinical diagnosis and in the decision of taking a biopsy or not. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719316 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719316 Non-invasive monitoring of photodynamic therapy of oral cancers by fluorescence differential path-length spectroscopy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719315&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000330%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: In vivo monitoring of the three essential constituents of photodynamic therapy (light, oxygen, and photosensitizer) is an important step to understand the procedure and eventually individualize treatment parameters. Classical spectroscopic techniques can provide information about tissue oxygen supply and photosensitizer content, but are often limited by variation in tissue optical properties during PDT. Fluorescence differential path-length spectroscopy (FDPS) makes use of specialized probe geometry to account for the effect of the local absorption coefficient on the collected reflectance and fluorescence. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719315 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719315 Monitoring photodynamic therapy using quantitative reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopic measurements performed with a single optical fiber http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719314&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000329%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study presents novel advancements of these methods for single fiber optical probes. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719314 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719314 Clinical observation of early laryngeal cancer photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719313&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000317%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Objective: To observe the cure rate and adverse reaction of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with early laryngeal cancer. Methods: 45 patients with early laryngeal cancer were diagnosed pathologically as having squamous carcinoma in two hospicals from March 2002 to August 2009. The enrolled patients were treated with intravenous administration of PHOTOFRIN or PHOTOSAN as the photosensitizer at the dose of 2mg/kg. After 48h, 630nm laser irradiation was performed through optical fiber that passed through the biopsy channel of a flexible endoscope. After 24h, the necrotic tissue was removed, and the primary sites and other newly identified sites were subjected to a second irradiation and then the residual necrotic tissue was removed according to the patients’ condition. Endoscope exam... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719313 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719313 Micro-vascularoscopy: A valuable technique for localised optical tissue assessment? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719312&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000305%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe the instrument, its applications in clinical and pre-clinical research and report a longitudinal gingival capillary validation study to establish normal vascular behaviour and lay the foundation for future disease interpretation. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719312 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:54 +0100 4719312 Longitudinal oral mucosal tissue imaging using co-localised optical coherence tomography and micro-vascular imaging http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719311&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000299%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, non-contact high resolution imaging technology, utilising near infra-red rather than ionising radiation or ultrasound to image biological tissues at millimetre depths. In vivo Head & Neck applications are developing, challenges include the ability to analyse images and capture reproducible imaging data. Oral splints were designed and trailed to allow reproducible imaging of the same gingival region of interest, following patterns of volumetric change and facilitating co-localised micro-vascular assessment over a three-month period. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719311 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:53 +0100 4719311 In vivo quantification of photosensitizer concentration using optical spectroscopy: Influence of formulation (foscan, foslip, fospeg) and location (liver, lip, tongue) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719310&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011000287%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In vivo measurement of local photosensitizer concentrations may allow optimisation of PDT. Fluorescence differential path length spectroscopy (FPDS) is a non-invasive optical technique which has been shown to accurately quantify the concentration of PEG-mTHPC (Foscan®) in the rat liver. Our aim in this study was (1) to investigate the effect of different liposomal mTHPC formulations (Fospeg® and Foslip®) and (2) the effect of measurement location on FDPS performance. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719310 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:53 +0100 4719310 Photodynamic therapy combined with bevacizumab injection for the treatment of pterygium http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719309&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003577%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Pterygium is a common external ocular disease in the south part of Russia. The prevalence of pterygium increases with age and is also higher in people living in steppe. In severe cases, visual loss may occur due to astigmatism and visual axis obstruction. Aggressive, rapidly growing pterygium can distort the corneal topography, and, in advanced cases, can obscure the optical center of the cornea. However, no reliable medical treatment exists to reduce or even prevent pterygium progression.Aim: To evaluate the effect of combined photodynamic therapy (PDT), anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on vascularization of pterygium. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719309 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:53 +0100 4719309 Photodynamic therapy using Photosens for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719308&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003565%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSCR) is a disease in which a chronic serous detachment of the neurosensory retina occurs over an area of leakage from the choriocapillaris through the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719308 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:53 +0100 4719308 Porphycene–apidaecin conjugate: A new broad spectrum antimicrobial agent http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719307&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003553%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the use of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are two very promising strategies to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria. Recently, we demonstrated that the conjugation of a porphyrin photosensitizer with Apidaecin 1b, a small peptide belonging to the Pro-Arg rich AMPs family, provides a potent antimicrobial agent with broad spectrum activity. Porphycenes are structural isomers of porphyrins with 10-fold higher absorption coefficient in the red part of the spectrum, and excellent photochemical and photodynamic properties. Therefore, in an attempt to improve the potential application of the photosensitizer–peptide conjugates, we extended our studies to a porphycene–apidaecin conjugate, in which the porhycene is linked to the N-terminus of Apidaecin. (So... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719307 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719307 Efficacy of the novel finished formulation of the photosensitizer Photolon® applied for photodynamic therapy of chronic marginal gingivitis and chronic periodontitis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719306&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003541%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PDT with topically applied photosensitizer Photolon® in patients with chronic marginal gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719306 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719306 Photodynamic inactivation enhanced by special biomaterial on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719305&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100353X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: The increasing worldwide occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a considerable concern. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections have become a serious problem in many countries. Different genotypes of SCCmec (Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec) usually have different resistant patterns, characteristics, and different clinical significance. These different genotypes were hard to treat and worthwhile to develop an effective alternative antimicrobial technique for the treatment. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been used as an alternative method to treat MRSA infections. However, the concentration of photosensitizer was still high. To decrease the concentration of photosensitizer used in PDI, a compound X (CX, submitted to patent application) ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719305 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719305 Photodynamic effect in vitro of hypericin on yeasts and evaluation of its photocytotoxicity in keratinocytes and fibroblasts http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719304&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003528%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Hypericin (Hyp) is a potent natural photosensitizer that is being considered for the new generation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro fungicidal effect of PDT using Hyp as photosensitizer on various yeast strains. Photocytotoxicity of Hyp in keratinocytes (HaCaT) and dermal fibroblasts (hNDF) was evaluated to determine possible side-effects. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719304 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719304 Photodynamic Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus using a water-soluble formulation of curcumin as photosensitizer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719303&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003516%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: For its molecular weight of 368gmol−1 curcumin represents a promising photosensitizer for the use in Photodynamic Inactivation of microorganisms (PDI). However, poor water solubility and limited stability of curcumin at physiological pH impedes its application against bacterial infections. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719303 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719303 PDT effect on Pythiosis—In vitro and in vivo investigation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719302&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003504%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, the in vitro effects of PDT on Pythium insidiosum were evaluated using several concentrations of photosensitizers and light doses. The photosensitizers concentrations ranged from 1 to 25mg/mL for Photogem® and from 0.7 to 1.3mg/mL for Photodithazine®, and light doses ranged from 30 to 70J/cm2. Control assays were employed with photosensitizers and light alone, as well as, the culture of the pathogen without any treatment. All treatments and control assays were carried out at Sabouraud Dextrose agar plates. Results were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and by monitoring of pathogen growth in culture. Best PDT protocols showed a decrease of more than 90% in the pathogen growth, especially using Photodithazine®. Presently, the PDT effect has been under investigation... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719302 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:52 +0100 4719302 Novel cationic-charged methylene blue derivatives for antimicrobial PDT http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719301&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003498%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes At present, we move to the end of the golden age of antibiotics. Many classes of bacteria and fungi have become multi-antibiotic resistant; a rising number of infections by these multi-resistant microbes can be recorded every year. For example, more than 20% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Europe are reported as methicillin resistant and cause serious nosocominal infections. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719301 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719301 In vitro optimization of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for eradication of mixed species biofilms representative of chronic rhinosinusitis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719300&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003486%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition of the sinus cavities that is associated with antibiotic-resistant polymicrobial biofilm infections. Approximately 20% of CRS sufferers are refractory to antibiotic and surgical treatments. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) could represent a treatment alternative for CRS. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719300 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719300 Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus strains to photoinactivation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719299&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003474%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria has caused an urgent need for the development of alternative therapeutics. Methods: The phototoxic effect of protoporphyrin diarginate (PPArg2) and toluidine blue O (TBO) on the viability of eight Staphylococcus aureus strains was examined in the present study. A difference in the sensitivity of the strains was found. Additionally, the level of endogenously produced porphyrins as well as carotenoids content was determined. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719299 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719299 Finding molecular mechanism of response to photodynamic inactivation of bacteria http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719298&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003462%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: In our previous work we observed that Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates (both MRSA and MSSA) differently respond to photodynamic inactivation (PDI) with the use of porphyrin compounds. In our attempts to determine the molecular marker of strain-dependent response to PDI, we found that biofilm producing strains were killed less efficiently in comparison to non biofilm-producing strains, whereas efflux pumps, e.g., NorA had no influence on the efficacy of photokilling. As cytotoxic effect of PDI against bacterial cells is a consequence of reactive oxygen species action, we further examined if the antioxidant enzymes status influences the response of bacterial cells to PDI. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719298 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719298 Comparison of photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans biofilm cells by two distinct porphyrin derivatives and blue light http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719297&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003450%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes On medicine area biofilms are a serious problem since they are the leading cause of all human microbial infections. Between fungi, Candida albicans is the main specie able to form biofilm causing mucocutaneous infections to deep seated mycoses especially in immunocompromised patients. In this case, invasive infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The emergence of antifungal resistance led to a decrease in the efficacy of the conventional therapy. The use of photosensitizer and light, known as PDIM (Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms) as an anti-microbial topical agent against superficial and cutaneous diseases should represent an attractive method of eliminating microorganisms. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719297 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719297 Bactericidal effect of photodynamic therapy with Indocyanine Green on Staphylococcus aureus http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719296&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003449%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study assessed optimum parameters for PDT with 809-nm laser and its suitable photosensitizer Indocyanine Green (ICG) to kill Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719296 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719296 Photodynamic Therapy of trachea and main bronchi cancer employing the photodynamic action of the photosensitisers of second generation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719295&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003437%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes For Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to be carried out photosensitisers of second generation (photoditazene, radochlorine, photolone) as well as made in Russia Milon-Lachta semiconductor lasers with the wave length of 662nm were used (power density 300J/cm2). The treatment was carried out in complex for 11 patients aged from 39 to 72.8 patients were stated to have inoperable tumors and they received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, however after the treatment recurrence of the disease took place. One of the patients had adenocystic cancer of trachea. After PDT no signs of disease incurrence were found during 3 subsequent years of observation. One woman after pneumonectomy who had the incurrence of malignant carcinoid of her only lung for 4 years to follow had preserved quite appropriate lumina of ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719295 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:51 +0100 4719295 Non-thermal cardiac ablation with photosensitization reaction in right atrial isthmus of porcine heart http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719294&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003425%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we demonstrated the myocardial electrical conduction block by photosensitization reaction under catheter intervention in cavo-tricuspid isthmus of porcine right atrium. A newly developed laser catheter containing an optical fiber and an optical window on the tip of the catheter was used to deliver the laser light to myocardial tissue. About 15min after the intravenous injection of talaporfin sodium (2.5–5.0mg/kg) to pigs, the red laser light (λ=663nm, CW) with the spot size of 1.4mm was delivered through the laser catheter to the isthmus between inferior vena cava (IVC) and tricuspid annulus (TA) at the output power of 200–600mW. The electrophysiological analysis was conducted using 20-bipole diagnostic catheter positioned around the TA to confirm the electrical conduct... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719294 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719294 Photodynamic therapy for cholangiocarcinoma by percutaneous transhepatic access http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719293&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003413%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The prognosis of patients with cholangiocarcinomas is very poor and the first symptom is mechanical jaundice. The percutaneous transhepatic drainage is used in the first stage of treatment. It seemed to be an attractive idea to deliver light directly through the drainage. For doing that it was necessary to determine the possibility of tumor radiation by the semiconductor laser through the catheter wall. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719293 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719293 Cellular phenotype and photosensitiser uptake as determinants of the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for biliary tract cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719292&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003401%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: PDT using Photofrin® and Foscan® currently represents the most effective palliative treatment for inoperable hilar biliary tract cancer (hBTC). It is presently unknown, whether the cellular phenotype influences the efficiency of PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719292 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719292 Functional analysis of Fospeg in photodynamic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma cell models http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719291&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003395%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. More than 600,000 people die of hepatocellular carcinoma each year. Although several treatment options are available for HCC, their application is mostly restricted to early diagnosed cases or includes liver transplantation, which is rarely available due to donor scarcity. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719291 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719291 Histopathological study of necrosis after PDT using a bacteriochlorin with light absorption spectrum in 749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719290&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003383%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic Therapy is a treatment of cancer and other pathologies that induces cell death by combined effect of a photosensitizer (PS), irradiation in a proper wavelength light and of molecular oxygen presence. However, it has a limited penetration. Luzitin® is a new photosensitizer that promises to increase the penetration of PDT noninvasively, because it has absorption at 749nm. However, its treatment parameters have not yet established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the best conditions for using this photosensitizer in PDT by a histopathological analysis of necrosis resulting from PDT treatment in rats liver tissue photosensitized by luzitin® in different conditions. 16 normal male rats were randomly shared into 4 groups with 4 animals each, a control (without ir... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719290 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719290 Photodynamic therapy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719289&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003371%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction and rational of local tumor ablation in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CC): Cholangiocarcinoma are characterized by a usually slow growth rate and a low propensity for metastasis. Because of late symptoms and their close proximity to important vascular structures in the hilum of the liver and their tendency to grow into perineural tissue, however, these tumors are only seldom curative resectable at time of diagnosis. About 80% of hilar CCs exhibit predominantly a longitudinal growth pattern along the biliary tree, most as highly desmoplastic tumors with infiltration of adjacent nerve plexus and lymphatics. Most hilar CCs are locally confined, and 10–20% show distant metastases (liver, peritoneum) at the time of diagnosis. Nevertheless, 70–80% of hilar CCs are nonresectable beca... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719289 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:50 +0100 4719289 Photodynamic therapy for precancer and early stage cancer of the uterine cervix with fertility preservation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719288&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100336X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The number of the patients with dysplasia and CIS of the uterine cervix has been increasing recently, especially in the younger ages who need fertility preservation. Although cervical conization is standard therapy for dysplasia and CIS, the significant increase in the obstetrical risks such as premature delivery after conization has been reported. On the other hand, PDT is an excellent procedure to treat CIN3 by photochemical reaction generated by laser irradiation to the lesion after injection of tumor-specific photosensitizer. We have developed protocol and applied PDT to CIN3 and early stage cervical cancer since 1989. PDT using Porfimer sodium and Excimer Dye Laser was performed for 520 cases (146 dysplasia, 342 CIS, 4 AIS, 24 MIC, 1 MIAC, 2 invasive SCC, and 1 invasive adenoca.) 97% ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719288 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719288 The cases of Concurrent Chemo-Photodynamic therapy (CCPDT) for the uterine endometrial cancer in young women desiring fertility http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719287&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003358%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new method for superficial cancer lesions. We have performed the photodynamic therapy with chemotherapy, which can remove the selective lesions and preserving fertility at the same time. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719287 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719287 Photosens PDT at the treatment of virus-associated precancer and non-invasive cervical cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719286&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003346%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Aim: To develop the treatment of virus-associated cervical precancerous lesions and non-invasive cervical cancer using photodynamic therapy (PDT). Materials and methods: PDT of the uterine cervix was performed on 90 women aged 22–76. Complex investigation was carried out using clinical, endoscopic, ultrasonic and morphological examinations, edification anti-viral activity was made. PDT Photosens, SSC “NIOPIK”, Russia (0.2% solution of mixture sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine 0,3mg/kg, intravenously). 20 women with CIN II and 70 women with CIN III. Consequently all women were tested for the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) using polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). “High-risk” virus types (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 58) were found in 90% patients. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photod... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719286 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719286 The clinical experiences of Concurrent Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy (CCPDT) in the uterine cervical cancer staged 1B1 and 1B2, especially young women desiring fertility http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719285&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003334%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy have been used as the intervention of cervical cancer. However, these approaches are inefficient in restoring patients’ fertility. So, we have tried to find another method to maintain their fertility. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719285 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719285 Protoporphyrin IX production and photobleaching during treatment of condyloma by HPV with methyl aminolevulinate http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719284&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003322%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Condyloma acuminatum is an epidermal manifestation attributed to the Human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Porphyrin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative method in the dermatological and recently, in the gynecological area. After application of a photosensitizer, dysplastic cells may be destroyed when light of a certain wavelength mediates local cytotoxic effects caused by reactive oxygen species, especially singlet oxygen. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719284 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719284 Photodynamic therapy of vulvar pointed condyloma in women http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719283&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003310%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: More then 50% of sexual active population are infected by human papilloma virus (HPV) during lifetime. Such diseases as genital condyloma, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and malignancies of cervix, vulva, vagina and perianal zone are considered as the consequences of HPV virus infection. Surgery, laser ablation and cryodestruction are usually applied for the treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is alternative and small invasive method in the treatment of HPV associated diseases. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719283 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719283 Comparative in vitro investigations of photodynamic and photothermal therapies versus chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719282&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003292%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Chemotherapy is a standard method for breast cancer treatment. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are the most recent therapeutic modalities in the field of cancer treatment. Their major advantages over chemotherapy are better selectivity of tumor tissue destruction, lack of systemic complications, and the possibility of harmless repetitive applications. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719282 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719282 Optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of tongue papillae in healthy individuals http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719281&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003280%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Although there have been several investigations involving the morphological features and the pathological changes in tongue papillae, highly accurate and sensitive tools in which morphology, volume and geometry of tongue papillae can be easily identified have not been developed yet. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719281 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719281 Minimal interventions for vascular anomalies http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719280&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003279%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Photodynamic therapy has proved its successfulness in the management of variety of pathologies involving the human body. Our aim in this prospective clinical study is to assess the outcome following interstitial photodynamic therapy for patients with vascular anomalies. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719280 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719280 The role of photodynamic therapy in multidisciplinary oncological care http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719279&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003267%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains an attractive therapeutic option in oncology. In principle, administration of the photosensitiser, followed by light application to the target ‘lesional’ area leads to a photochemical reaction. Several hours later, selective damage to the target tissue ensues. Photodynamic therapy is widely used in oncology both for primary curative treatment and palliation/salvage therapy. We review the role of photodynamic therapy in multidisciplinary oncological care. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719279 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719279 Comparison of cryotherapy and photodynamic therapy in treatment of oral leukoplakia http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719278&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003255%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Oral leukoplakia is a pre-malignant lesion of the oral mucosa. The aim of this study is to compare the curative effects of photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy in the treatment of oral leukoplakia. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719278 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719278 Assessment of quality of life in patients undergoing photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719277&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003243%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: The assessment of quality of life in patients undergoing photodynamic therapy (PDT) is dependent on many variables. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life in patients undergoing PDT for head and neck pathologies. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719277 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719277 Apoptotic biomarker of topical photosan-mediated photodynamic therapy on DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch precancerous lesions http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719276&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003231%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Based on our previous study that we have found that topical-photosan photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel with very effective treatment modality for hamster buccal pouches precancerous lesions using a 640-nm light-emitting diode (LED) Wonderlight. All the 14 precancerous lesions showed a complete histologically confirmed response to the lesions after an average of 3.79 PDT treatments. Normal and precancerous pouch mucosae in other hamsters received 17 or 19 treatments of topical photosan-PDT showed no cumulative side effects. No recurrence of the lesions was found in these PDT-treated hamsters after a follow-up period of 70 weeks. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719276 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:49 +0100 4719276 Phenytoin treatment reduce 5-ALA induced PpIX accumulation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719275&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100322X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Tumor-related seizures often appear in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) which necessitate a treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AED). We investigated whether the two commonly used AEDs phenytoin and levetiracetam influence the 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation in vitro. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719275 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719275 Maximising protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation with the hydroxypyridinone iron chelator CP94 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719274&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003218%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Maximising the accumulation of the photosensitiser protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) within different cell types would be clinically useful. Dermatological PpIX-induced PDT regimes produce good clinical outcomes with excellent cosmesis but this currently only applies when the lesion remains superficial. Also, as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of primary brain tumours, PDT can be used to destroy tumour cells unreachable by surgical resection and any improvements in this application could be vitally important. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719274 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719274 Fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy for protoporphyrin IX quantifiaction in tissue-like media http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719273&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003206%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: PpIX induced by administration of ALA is being successfully employed for tissue diagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of, for example, brain malignancies. To guide tissue biopsy by fluorescence during stereotaxy and ensure taking biopsies from the vital tumour, correct quantification of the PpIX accumulation is required. However, the detected fluorescence intensity is influenced by the varying optical properties of the surrounding tissue and thus needs to be corrected in order to determine the PpIX concentration. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719273 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719273 A novel mutual prodrug-induced, and quantitatively and selectively enhanced PpIX accumulation in brain tumors http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719272&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100319X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The overall goal of this study is to develop a strategy that can selectively enhance protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation in brain tumors to increase the efficacy and safety of PDT. This strategy exploits a novel mutual prodrug (upon in vivo cleavage, three biologically active components, a PpIX precursor ALA, a differentiating agent and a chemotherapeutic agent, are released) to promote PpIX synthesis. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719272 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719272 5-ALA induced protoporphyrin IX synthesis and responsiveness to photodynamic therapy in meningioma cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719271&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003188%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Even though meningiomas are slow growing brain tumors with good clinical prognosis, recrudescence and infiltration of surrounding bone and dura can occur when surgical tumour removal is incomplete. Fluorescence-guided resection using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are new approaches to improve meningioma treatment. The goal of this study was to investigate 5-ALA induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) synthesis in human meningioma cells. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719271 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719271 Ultra low fluence rate PTD study on glioma and glia cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719270&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003176%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The work studied the effectiveness of repetitive low fluence rate photodynamic therapy (PDT) affecting glioma and glia cells. A sterile mini-incubator equipped with an LED fixed within a Lipofundin-filled spheroid glass was developed to perform the studies. Its functionality was first confirmed via MTT tests of cell incubation. The system was then used to perform 5-ALA (0.5mM) PDT studies for the cell line of human glioma (Hs683) using ultra low fluence rate of 0.5mW/cm2 and a total fluence (energy density) of 12.5J/cm2. The survival rate of 23.5% was achieved. The same fluence rate was applied on the human glia cell line (SVG p12) with total fluences of 3, 6, 12.5J/cm2. The results show that the glia cells are affected by none of these ALA-PDT settings. In the repetitive PDT studies on gl... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719270 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719270 Results of intraoperative photodynamic therapy in complex with the fluorescent diagnostics to treat the brain metastasis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719269&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003164%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: The brain metastases are the most common form of brain tumor in adults, diseases with an unfavorable prognosis. It was diagnosed 14–16 new cases for 100,000 population per year. On microscopic level brain metastases had diffusion infiltrative growth. Disadvantages of surgery—impossibility of radical resection, high frequency of recurrence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in complex with fluorescent diagnostics (FD) can improve results of treatment patients with brain metastases. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719269 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:48 +0100 4719269 Protoporphyrin IX kinetics for interstitial photodynamic therapy dosimetry of malignant glioma http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719268&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003152%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Photodynamic therapy for brain malignancies employing 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX has demonstrated median survival in the range of 15 months. The observation of some patients surviving several years is intriguing and warrants further investigation. The importance of the PpIX distribution for an effective therapy remains to be elucidated. Here, we present a clinical procedure for interstitial PDT in which the therapeutic light delivery is supplemented by measurements of the absolute PpIX concentration, the PpIX fluorescence and PpIX photobleaching in vivo. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719268 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719268 Photodynamic treatment of a malignant peripheral nerve sheeth tumor (MPNST) of the scull base: A case report http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719267&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003140%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) rare lesions derived from the mesenchymal cells of the neural crest. MPNSTs represent approximately 6% of all malignant soft-tissue tumors and 10% of all MPNSTs are located in the head and neck region. The optimum treatment is combined surgical excision with radiotherapy because of the tumor's high recurrence rate (18–76%) and 5-year survival rate (23–67%). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719267 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719267 Evaluation of a radiosensitizing effect of 5-aminolevlunic acid for malignant gliomas http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719266&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003139%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we investigate possibility of 5-ALA as a radiosensitizer for malignant gliomas. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719266 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719266 The history of photodynamic therapy in Innsbruck http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719265&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003127%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of dermatological pathologies has a long tradition, whereas the treatment of brain tumors started in 1971. We will review the development of PDT in neurosurgery in Innsbruck, which began in 1982 and was carried on to the first treatment in 1985. Intra-operative diagnosis (PDD) and fluorescence guided resection (FGR) followed 1998, which was only possible from switching from the first generation sensitizer HPD (Photofrin, Photosan) to a chlorine derivative (FOSCAN). Over 120 patients were treated with HPD mediated PDT and over 30 patients with the second generation PS FOSCAN following the concept “to see and to treat”. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719265 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719265 Intracellular photodynamic therapy with novel photosensitisers loaded nanoparticule http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719264&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003115%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic thereapy (PDT) is based on the use of photosentisicer and light to produce reactive oxygen species, which cause death of target cancer cells. Finding a suitable photosensitiser is crucial in improving the efficiency of PDT. Our aim is to develop phthalocyanine as a novel photosensitiser and polymeric nanoparticules (NP) as delivery systems for the PDT. For this purpose, a series of phthalocyanines were synthesized and encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticules. NPs were prepared by solvent emulsion method and characterized by Zeta-sizer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Loading capacity and efficiency together with hydrophobic/hydrophilic characters of NP have been investigated. Preliminary results showed that application above-mentioned system in PDT studies with mesothel... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719264 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719264 Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles based on water-soluble Purpurin-18-N-methyl-d-glucamine http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719263&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003103%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We have synthesized a new type of water soluble ionic photosensitizer Purpurin-18-N-methyl-d-glucamine. And it was transformed into a small gold nanoparticles stabilized by the photosensitizer without adding any particular reducing agents and surfactants. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719263 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719263 Targeted PDT with phthalocyanine nanoparticles http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719262&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003097%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Nanoparticles (NPs) of highly hydrophobic photosensitizers (PSs) do not have photodynamic activity almost, while molecules of such PSs are very active often. This enables the targeted delivery of photosensitizer by means of NPs laser ablation. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719262 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:47 +0100 4719262 Synthesis of dextran/Fe3O4 nanoparticles for thermolysing oral cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719261&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003085%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The goal of this study is to treat oral cancer with the thermal effects of magnetic nanoparticles induced by radio frequency (RF). The particles were prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method with hydrazine hydrate. The size of the synthesized particles was about 23nm confirmed by TEM and DLS. It was verified having cubic inverse spinel structure of Fe3O4 with the XRD pattern. From FT-IR spectroscopy, the absorption peaks of C–O and C–H bonds at wavelengths 1010 and 2918cm−1, respectively indicate that dextran is part of the synthesized nanoparticles. Such nanoparticles in liquid form (50mg/mL in double distill water) were exposed by a 42-kHz RF system for 20min resulting in a temperature increase of 6.1°C. To perform oral cancer study the nanoparticles (100mg) were first dispe... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719261 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719261 Synthesis and characterization of porphyrin-patterned superparamagnetic nanoparticles: Application for nanophotodynamic therapy (NPDT) of cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719260&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003073%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive cancer treatment based on the administration of photosensitizer, followed by light irradiation. To improve the efficiency of photosensitizers, we have developed the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles porphyrin. Indeed, nanoparticles penetrate easily the cancer cells by a process of passive endocytosis (EPR effect). This process circumvents the problems of multiple resistances acquired by cancer cells. Such magnetic nanoparticles carrying a photosensitive drug should help to develop molecular platforms to double efficiency by combining the lethal effect photocytotoxic drugs with magnetic properties of the carrier (thermotherapy). Our attention was focused particularly on the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized in aqueous medium by t... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719260 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719260 Photodynamic therapy with silicon nanoparticles http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719259&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003061%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The central idea of this study is that silicon nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in liquids are able to act as photosensitizers producing singlet oxygen and resulting in microbe cell killing, opening potential antiseptics or disinfectant therapies. As a demonstration of validity of this idea, we present preliminary results of photodynamic activity and generation of singlet oxygen using silicon nanoparticles in solution. Nanoparticles were produced by ultrashort laser ablation in liquids, which was originally introduced for the fabrication of plasmonics (noble metal) nanoparticles. The femtosecond laser ablation regime offers several key advantages over conventional nanosecond or microsecond ablations, enabling a fine control of nanocluster parameters even in the absence of chemical ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719259 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719259 Peptide-conjugated nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy targeting neuropilin-1 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719258&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100305X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we have designed and photophysically characterized a multifunctional nanoparticle consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting peptides and encapsulated photodynamic therapy and imaging agents. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719258 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719258 Intraperitoneal photodynamic therapy mediated by a fullerene in a mouse model of abdominal dissemination of colon adenocarcinoma http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719257&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003048%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Functionalized fullerenes represent a new class of photosensitizer (PS) that is being investigated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various diseases. Their advantages over traditional PS comprise high photostability and a tendency to produce Type I reactive oxygen species, while their disadvantage is considered to be low absorption in the red/NIR spectrum where tissue penetration is maximal. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719257 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719257 In vivo toxicological evaluation of magnetite nanoparticles http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719256&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003036%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The development of nanomaterials not only provides many benefits to diverse scientific fields but also poses potential risks to humans and the environment. For the successful application of nanomaterials in biosciences, it is essential to understand the biological fate and potential toxicity of these nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo potential toxicity of biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles to enable their diverse applications in life science, such as drug development, protein detection, and gene delivery. Biocompatible magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) of size ranged from 5nm to 20nm were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. For in vivo study, experimental animals, rats, were used. Where intraperitoneal administration of different doses of magnetite n... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719256 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:46 +0100 4719256 Polymeric nanoparticles as an efficient delivery system for phthalocyanine based photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719255&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003024%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging modality for the treatment of a variety of oncological, cardiovascular, dermatological, and ophthalmic diseases. PDT is based on the concept that light-sensitive species or photosensitizers can be preferentially localized in tumor tissues upon systemic administration. When such photosensitizers are irradiated with an appropriate wavelength of light, the excited molecules can transfer their energy to molecular oxygen in the surroundings, which is normally in its triplet ground state. This results in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen (1O2) or free radicals. ROS are responsible for oxidizing various cellular compartments including plasma, mitochondria, lysosomal, and nuclear membranes, etc., resulting in irreversib... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719255 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719255 In vitro photodynamic efficiency of mTHPC-loaded Lipidots® http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719254&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003012%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: The widespread clinical use of photodynamic therapy to treat cancers is especially limited by a lack of selectivity of the photosensitizers to the tumor region, resulting not only in low local drug doses in cancer cells, but also in an unwanted photosensitivity of healthy tissue. In this European project , fully biodegradable lipid nanoparticles (LNP) called Lipidots® and patented by CEA , have been developed to deliver various photosensitizers (chlorins, phthalocyanines). In order to obtain a specific delivery, these nanoparticles will be functionalized by grafting antibodies targeting receptors overexpressed in cancer cells. The first part of our study was to check the lack of cytotoxic effect without light exposure and to assess the photodynamic efficiency of the selected... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719254 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719254 In vitro investigation for high efficiency PPIX-PDT with nonviral vector, HVJ-E http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719253&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011003000%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Effective accumulation of photosensitizers in cancer cells is necessary to improve the therapeutic benefit of photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, photosensitizers have the problem with low uptake efficiency. In order to solve this problem, technological development of drug delivery system (DDS) is required. Hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) vector is one of the adequate DDS career. We developed the new treatment method which is the combination of PDT and new DDS by HVJ-E to realize highly effective PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719253 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719253 Fluorescent diagnosis: Novel method to detection of metastatic lymph node lesions in patients with breast cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719252&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002997%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of intraoperative fluorescent detection (IFD) of metastatic LN lesions in surgical treatment of breast cancer (BC). Materials and methods: The study included 51 female patients aged 54.9±12.6 with BC. A preparation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (Alasens, SSC “NIOPIK”, Russia), a precursor of endogenous protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in cancer cells, was administered per os 3h before operation at a dose of 30mg/kg. In each patient 6–18 lymph nodes were removed. A total of 384 lymph nodes were studied. Fluorescent diagnosis was performed using fluorescent lamp and spectroscopy laser analyzer LESA-01-Biospec (Russia). Removed LNs were macroscopically assessed and their fluorescent zones were labeled for further histopathologic examination. (Source: Phot... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719252 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719252 EtNBS-based photodynamic therapy for the treatment of hypoxic and otherwise therapeutically unresponsive cancer cell populations http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719251&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002985%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Despite the progress over the past decades in detecting and treating cancer, treatment-resistant metastatic disease remains the major cause of cancer-related deaths. Physiological resistance mechanisms, such as hypoxia and acidosis, can lead to substantially reduced therapeutic efficacy and the emergence of treatment-resistant disease. This paradigm is problematic in ovarian cancer, where despite extensive surgery and chemotherapy, therapeutically resistant recurrent disease forces patients to face a dismal five-year survival rate of 30%. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719251 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719251 Enhanced antitumor efficacy in vivo of PEGylated dual-effect liposome containing doxorubicin and Ce6 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719250&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002973%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we developed a PEGylated dual-effect liposome with chlorine e6 (Ce6) encapsulated in the lipid bilayer and doxorubicin (Dox) in the interior. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719250 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719250 Multiple excitation autofluorescence spectra for pattern recognition of colonic tissues http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719249&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002961%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study is to evaluate the potential of using multiple excitation autofluorescence spectral features and a pattern recognition method to classify colonic tissues. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719249 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:45 +0100 4719249 Accuracy and validity of sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer by using photosensitizer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719248&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100295X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We examined the efficacy and safety of SLN biopsy by using Talaporfin sodium (Laserphyrin) comparing with current methods for totally 20 cases of breast cancer operation for 1 year (2004–2005). After 5 years operation, we verify accuracy and validity of this method. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719248 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719248 Fractionated ALA-PDT in PAM212 cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719247&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002948%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using the protoporpyrin IX (PpIX) precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is significantly improved by applying light fractionation with a long dark interval. The illumination parameters are important and suggest the involvement of a cellular mechanism. In the present study we investigated the response of cells in vitro to light fractionation in search of the cellular mechanism. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719247 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719247 Prevention of severe photosensitivity after m-THPC IPDT with a natural antioxidant agent http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719246&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002936%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photosensitivity is the major concern in photodynamic therapy. Natural products rich in antioxidant compounds have been proposed to act as scavengers. In the present study this hypothesis was tested in a prostate cancer animal model. To treat prostate cancer, interstitial photodynamic therapy with m-THPC encapsulated in liposomes (Fospeg) was implemented and three different energy doses 10, 15 and 30J were used. The irradiation of a 652nm high brightness diode laser was set constant in 145mW. The major drawback of these treatment schemes was that 90% of the animals developed photosensitivity, resembling exaggerated sunburn, characterized by erythema and edema. P. halepensis bark extract, a natural product rich in antioxidant agents was chosen to be tested for its potential to prevent photo... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719246 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719246 Image processing in autofluorescence imaging of prencacerous and cancerous skin changes http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719245&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002924%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Autofluorescence imaging and photodynamic diagnostics are new methods of optical analysis of the neoplasmatic tissues. New optical systems used in AFL imaging and PDD allowed to get pictures with high resolution, so gave a chance to search smaller changes and not visible in white light diagnostics. Autofluorescence imaging is based on natural phenomenon of endogenous porphyrin absorption in tissue with fast metabolism. Excitation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) absorbed in neoplasmatic tissues allowed to show areas with the highest concentration of PPIX and with the highest emission peak in 630nm. Pictures taken with autofluorescence imaging systems are saved as colors maps where hyperkeratotic areas are visible as shades of red color and healthy tissue as shades of green. In our studies we ob... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719245 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719245 Interstitial photodynamic therapy and laser hyperthermia in patients with intradermal metastases of breast cancer http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719244&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002912%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Objectives: To optimize and improve treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer in the skin and subcutaneous fat by acting on the past with PDT and laser hyperthermia with low patronage of healthy tissue. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719244 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719244 Temoporfin PDT partial response of multiple head-and-neck skin epitheliomas: Implication of warfarin http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719243&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002900%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Temoporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to treat multiple non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) relapsing after standard treatments that cannot be treated otherwise, and has led to promising cure rates and aesthetic results. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719243 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719243 Treatment of acne: Photodynamic therapy and micropeeling http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719242&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002894%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Emerging problems with conventional antibiotic, retinoid and hormonal acne treatments, and their related side effects, have created a demand for safer treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new acne treatment protocol based on aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) and micropeeling. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719242 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719242 PDT, the treatment of choice for elderly patients with superficial tumors of moderate/big dimensions and/or aktinic keratosis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719241&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002882%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present here our clinic experience, as well as some changes we have introduced in the standard use of PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719241 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:44 +0100 4719241 Italian dermatological experience on non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) with Temoporfin-PDT http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719240&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002870%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Temoporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used to treat multiple non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) relapsing after standard treatments that cannot be treated otherwise, and has led to promising cure rates and aesthetic results. We have also successfully treated a number of patients eligible for Temoporfin PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719240 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:43 +0100 4719240 In vivo noninvasive evaluation of basal cell carcinoma response to MAL-PDT by reflectance confocal microscopy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719239&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002869%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL) is an approved noninvasive treatment option for BCC. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive, in vivo imaging technique for microscopic analysis of skin lesions in vivo and may provide a noninvasive modality for the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719239 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:43 +0100 4719239 Black tattoo inks in skin—A hazardous chemical cocktail? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719238&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002857%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: Black tattoo inks mainly consist of Carbon Black—a significant strong sorptive phase for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are known to produce singlet oxygen. There is currently no information available whether PAHs may stay in skin together with Carbon Black. Due to missing control and regulation of tattoo inks, the black inks may also contain other impurities. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719238 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:43 +0100 4719238 A novel finished formulation of the photosensitizer Photolon® for topical application. Evaluation of the efficacy in patients with basal-cell carcinoma of the skin http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719237&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002845%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PDT with topically applied photosensitizer Photolon® in patients with basal-cell carcinoma of the skin. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719237 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:43 +0100 4719237 A new 5-ALA-patch for the photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719236&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002833%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: To overcome a lack of consistency in dosing and time-consumption of PDT procedures, a 5-ALA-patch (8mg 5-ALA) has been developed. Methods: In clinical studies, pharmacokinetics, PPIX-fluorescence and 5-ALA-patch application time (0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h) were investigated. In phase III studies (versus placebo-PDT (A) and versus cryosurgery and placebo-PDT (B)) the efficacy, safety and cosmetic outcome were evaluated. 449 patients (mild to moderate AK lesions) were enrolled. The 5-ALA-patch was applied for 4h without preparation of the lesion, followed by illumination (λ 630±3nm (37J/cm2)). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719236 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719236 Light-emitting diode based illumination system for in vitro photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719235&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002821%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop a light-emitting diode (LED) based illumination system, which can be used as an alternative light source for in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719235 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719235 Light distribution in turbid media for photodynamic therapy dosimetry applications: An empirical approach http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719234&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100281X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study we have developed and empirical method to determine light distribution in optical phantoms. Our method involves direct measurements of light inside a turbid sample to construct the iso-fluence curves. We used fat emulsion as optical phantom and an isotropic probe to collect the light within the medium and a HeNe laser was used as light source. Different beam geometries were used to evaluate light distribution and the condition of point source was used to recover the other sources geometries. Comparison between experimental measurements and mathematical simulations showed that our method can be used to infer the profile of light distribution for any geometry of illumination since we have previously performed simple measurements in the sample for point beam. In vivo experiments... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719234 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719234 Investigation of the ultrashort laser ablation in liver for increased ALA penetration http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719233&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002808%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes A limiting factor of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the superficial volume of treatment, mainly due to the limited penetration of topical photosensitization. The aim of this study was investigate if a laser micromachining producing micro-pores at tissue surface could entrance ALA penetration and resulting in an increase of treatment depth. Laser micromachining at ultrashort regime was performed at the tissue surface of rat livers. Conventional ALA-PDT was performed and the induced depth of necrosis with or without laser micromachining compared. The micromachining laser ablation performed in liver before the PDT treatment has resulted in an increase of depth of the necrosis. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719233 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719233 In vivo real time fluorescence microscopy and single fiber spectroscopy during ALA-PDT http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719232&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002791%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The availability of oxygen is crucial for successful PDT treatment. However, vascular responses to PDT influence the oxygen supply, causing uncertainties in treatment outcome. Long pathlength spectroscopy methods did not show significant vascular effects. However, small volume spectroscopy is advantageous in revealing very local effects. We have performed a pre-clinical experiment to locally monitor vessel diameter, blood flow and saturation during PDT with a combination of real-time fluorescence microscopy and single fiber spectroscopy (SFS) measurements. A relation between vascular responses and SFS measurements hands us a non-invasive method to monitor local vascular effects during PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719232 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719232 In vivo light dosimetry for HPPH-mediated pleural PDT—An update http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719231&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100278X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The relationship between light fluence (rate) delivered to patients undergoing pleural PDT as a function of treatment time, treatment volume and surface area was studied. The accuracy of treatment delivery was analyzed as a function of the calibration accuracies of each isotropic detector and the calibration integrating sphere. The patients studied here were enrolled in a Phase I clinical trial of HPPH-mediated PDT for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with pleural effusion. Patients were administered 4mg/kg body weight HPPH 24–48h before the surgery. A fluence of 15–60J/cm2 at 661nm was prescribed. Fluence rate (mW/cm2) and cumulative fluence (J/cm2) were monitored at 7 different sites during the entire light treatment delivery. In vivo light dosimetry was measured using iso... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719231 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719231 Analysis of the feasibility of the use of white LED and Photogem® in photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719230&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002778%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a white light source for PDT, through in vitro study of photosensitizer photodegradation and analysis of light propagation in turbid phantoms. The light source used was a white LED; Photogem® (Russia) was used as photosensitizer, and to simulate the in vitro response of biological tissue cellular membrane, a surfactant was added to the aqueous solution, which was illuminated for 60 minutes and the degradation was followed using fluorescence spectroscopy. For analysis of light penetration depth a turbid phantom based on fat emulsion was used. To collect light intensity data inside the turbid medium, we used an isotropic probe coupled to a spectrophotometer. A translation stage allowed probe displacement within the phantom and light intensity w... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719230 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719230 A theoretical fluence rate profile model to design a spiral, spatially optimized fiber optic blanket for intra-operative photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719229&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002766%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Current photodynamic therapy treatment of malignant pleural or intra-peritoneal diseases uses a point source that compromises dose uniformity. While recent blanket prototypes using a single side-emitting fiber optic have improved uniformity, they are limited by intensity decay along fiber length. We develop a theoretical fluence rate distribution model to optimize the spacing of a new rectangular, spiral design for the fiber optic. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719229 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719229 Potential sensitizers for two-photon photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719228&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002754%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Two-photon photodynamic therapy has the advantages of being highly localized in its effects and allows for deeper tissue penetration, when compared to one-photon photodynamic therapy. N-alkylated 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones, with a donor-pi-acceptor-pi-donor structure, have the potential to be useful two-photon sensitizers. We have measured two-photon cross sections (using femtosecond excitation), fluorescence quantum yields, fluorescence lifetimes, and X-ray crystal structures for a number of these compounds. Most two-photon cross sections are comparable to or larger than that of Rhodamine B. However, the fluorescence quantum yields are low (all less than 10%) and the fluorescence lifetimes are less than 1ns (with one exception), suggesting that there may be a significant energy tran... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719228 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100 4719228 Model for photodynamic therapy outcome prediction using fluorescence information in vivo http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719227&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002742%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality for malignant and pre-malignant lesions. One of its difficulties is eventual incomplete elimination of lesions, especially for cancer treatment, because of difficulties as oxygen depletion and proper delivery of light and photosensitizer (PS). Additionally, reactive oxygen species destroy part of local PS, reducing effectiveness of treatment. Since we correlate PS fluorescence and damage extent (evaluated as depth of necrosis), our aim is to achieve a model (rat healthy liver models, initially) that predicts depth of necrosis obtained by PDT using tissue optical characteristics, light fluence, fluence rate, and fluorescence collected during treatment. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719227 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:41 +0100 4719227 An optical-tip anti-charring system for photodynamic-therapy laser irradiation in blood via a catheter http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719226&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002730%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We studied optical changes at a boundary between blood and optical window of a laser catheter-tip during the therapeutic laser irradiation in blood (λ=663nm, CW). The stability of the therapeutic laser irradiation in blood may be restricted by optical changes of a blood layer at the laser catheter-tip. The goal of this study is to construct an anti-charring system for the therapeutic laser irradiation in blood by means of a pre-charring detection and therapeutic-laser power control. The therapeutic-laser-irradiated red-blood-cell shapes were microscopically observed (ex vivo). A round formation, aggregation, and hemolysis were found until blood charring occurrence. We measured a time-history of diffuse-reflected light power from the therapeutic-laser-irradiated blood layer simulating a bo... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719226 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:40 +0100 4719226 Conjugation of targeting peptides to chlorophyll-a based photosensitizer (HPPH) altered its pharmacokinetics with enhanced tumor-imaging and photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719225&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002729%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes No Abstract (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719225 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:40 +0100 4719225 Tumour selectivity in a phase I clinical trial of photochemical internalization with PC-A11 (Amphinex®+bleomycin) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719224&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002717%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present three case reports with subcutaneous tumours in the first clinical trial of PCI that strongly suggest that selectivity is possible. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719224 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:40 +0100 4719224 Tumor selectivity and photodynamic treatment efficacy of chlorin p6-histamine conjugate in Hamster cheek pouch tumor model http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719223&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002705%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: We have investigated the pharmacokinetics and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin-p6-histamine conjugate in Hamster cheek pouch model. The study is motivated by our previous study wherein we have shown enhanced cellular uptake of Cp6-his as compared to free Cp6 and the consequent improvement in PDT efficacy in human oral carcinoma cell line. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719223 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:40 +0100 4719223 Quantitative, multi-scale fluorescence imaging reveals rapid tumor permeation and intracellular delivery of liposome-associated bevacizumab http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719222&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002699%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present sub-cellular resolution image mosaics of intracellular antibody delivery in an orthotopic model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The significance of this work is the introduction of a new paradigm for neutralizing (1) intracellular cytokines prior to their systemic release, and (2) internalized RTKs involved in intracrine (intracellular autocrine) signaling. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719222 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719222 Optimization of a two-photon-activated porphyrin PDT agent incorporating imaging and targeting moieties for the treatment of head and neck cancers http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719221&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002687%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We have recently demonstrated effective PDT treatment depths of at least 2cm by irradiating tumors through the bodies of SCID mice from the side opposite the tumor with porphyrin sensitizers designed to maximize their two-photon absorption in the NIR. Both small cell (SC) and non-small cell (NSC) lung cancer xenografts exhibited excellent regression over the first week to 10 days and several “cures” were noted where the tumor completely disappeared and did not re-grow during the following two months. Mice exhibiting tumor regression showed excellent healing of the irradiation site. Internal organs were harvested post-PDT, and no PDT-induced damage could be discerned. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719221 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719221 In vitro and in vivo SST2 receptor targeted photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719220&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002675%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established treatment modality, used mainly as an anti-cancer therapy, which is mediated by the interaction of a photosensitizer, light and oxygen. For the treatment of pathologies in critical anatomical sites, improved targeting of the photosensitizer is necessary to prevent damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Here we report on a novel dual approach of targeted PDT (vascular and cellular targeting) utilising the known expression of neuropeptide receptor somatostatin (SST2) on tumor and vascular cells and tissues. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719220 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719220 Temoporfin and its liposomal formulations Foslip and Fospeg—Properties and behaviour http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719219&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002663%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background and objectives: The selective killing of neoplastic cells without significant damage to the cells of healthy tissues represents the main goal of all cancer therapies. Over years, the approved drug Foscan® (with temoporfin (mTHPC) as the active pharmaceutical ingredient) is successfully in use for the palliative treatment of head and neck cancer. Temoporfin, a m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin based photosensitizer, is photoactivable and thus used in the photodynamic cancer therapy, where light is applied to activate the substance and damage the cancer tissue selectively. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719219 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719219 Synthesis of chlorin-based fatty acid conjugate as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719218&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002651%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to cancer treatment that requires the combination of photosensitizer (PS), tissue oxygen, and light. Many PSs have been developed for the PDT; however, very few have made in clinical trials because improved drugs that are more selective and that can be used conveniently and without sustained skin photosensitivity are needed. Tumor targeting drug delivery is another attractive strategy in cancer treatment. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719218 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719218 Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of BODIPY dyes, a new class of photosensitizers http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719217&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100264X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: BODIPY is the acronym of boron-dipyrromethene. The BODIPY dyes have been largely applied as fluorescent dyes, sensitizers for solar cells, nonlinear optical materials and many others. This class of compounds is characterized by quite high extinction coefficients (ɛ), high resistance to photobleaching and normally by high quantum efficiencies of fluorescence (Φfl). Following chemical structural modifications the fluorescence observed upon irradiation can be inhibited thus the production of singlet oxygen (1O2) increases. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719217 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719217 Synthesis of phthalocyanines (Pcs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719216&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002638%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: The project aims at developing a targeted nano-carrier doped with photosensitizer (m-THPC and phthalocyanine) for cancer-specific PDT and getting its preclinical proof of concept to improve current PDT practice. The expected output is an optimal combination of lipid nanoparticles (LNP) fully biodegradable recently patented by CEA , a targeting moiety and the associated specifications of laser irradiation for two different types of cancer. Osteosarcoma, and head, and neck squamous cell carcinoma will serve as generic models of cancer. This combination will enhance the therapeutic effect by focusing the treatment on the desired site, and simultaneously improving the comfort of the patient by reducing current limitations like photodamage or photosensitivity. (Source: ... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719216 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719216 Squaraine dyes as PDT sensitizers: Specific functionalization for biological targeting http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719215&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002626%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Reactive oxygen species and singlet oxygen sensitization is a topic of major interest in the development of efficient PDT agents. Among the large number of known photosensitizers, squaraines have been successfully employed for their unique optical properties, since they possess an intense one- and two-photon absorption band in the transparency window of biological tissue (600–900nm). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719215 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719215 Rgeioselective bromination of chlorins and bacteriochlorins: A key approach for developing multifunctional agents for tumor imaging and photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719214&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002614%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an FDA approved cancer treatment modality requiring three critical elements. In order for the photodynamic process to occur: a drug that can be activated by light (a photosensitizer, PS), light and oxygen. Our laboratory has investigated the utility of the naturally occurring chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll analogs for PS for phototherapy and tumor imaging. We are taking advantages of the high tumor avidity nature of PSs and using them as vehicles to deliver various imaging agents (nuclear, optical, and MR) to the tumor site. Furthermore, our goals include improving the target-specificity of these bifunctional agents by conjugating them with tumor targeting moiety which is known to bind to receptors which are over-expression in certain tumors... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719214 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719214 Photophysical and biological studies of zinc(ii) phthalocyanine derivatives http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719213&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002602%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study compares these three compounds concerning their phototoxicity in HEp-2 tumor cell line and the photodynamic efficiency that was obtained using the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and uric acid as chemical actinometers. The inhibitory median concentration (IC50, μg/mL) obtained with a range of concentrations of the photosensitizers incubated by 2h followed by 16.2J/cm2 irradiation dose at 630nm was 7.5 (Zn–Pc4), 42 (Zn–Pc4b) and 33 (Zn–Pc4d). The photodynamic activities measured using the BSA tryptophan fluorescence decay constants (min−1) obtained were: 14±3, (Zn–Pc4), 3.0±0.1 (Zn–Pc4b) and 2.4±0.2 (Zn–Pc4d) and the uric acid 1.30±0.10 (Zn–Pc4), 1.20±0.05 (Zn–Pc4b) and 1.15±0.04 (Zn–Pc4d). As a general trend the results showed a good correlation between the... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719213 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719213 Photodynamic effect of novel octaphosphante porphyrin evaluated by Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719212&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002596%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy are the vessels that allow for the transfer and translation of light energy into a type II chemical reaction. The reactive end products of this pathway results in a rapid cyto and vasculo toxicity. The minimum requirement for a photosensitizer are the ability to generate singlet oxygen with high efficiency on exposure to light and no normal tissue toxicity in the absence of light. However, to be applicable to specific therapeutic needs, a photosensitizer must have many additional characteristics. The most commonly employed photosensitizer in clinical PDT is haematoporphyrin derivative. The main disadvantages of this are that it is not water soluble and has high cutaneous photosensitivity. As the number of areas of PDT applic... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719212 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:39 +0100 4719212 In vitro and in vivo photocytotoxicity of boron dipyrromethene difluoride for photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719211&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002584%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In conclusion, iodinated BODIPY structures such as compound 5 have promising potential to be developed as new PDT agents for cancer treatment. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719211 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719211 Discovery and development of novel thiaza and thioxa Type 1 photosensitizers http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719210&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002572%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background and significance As part of our program directed toward promising phototherapeutic agents, we have focused our efforts on the development of novel photosensitizers that operate via Type 1 mechanism that will complement PDT (Type 2) agents. Type 1 photosensitizers operate via reactive intermediates generated upon photoexcitation; the presence of oxygen is not a requirement. Thus, the potential advantage of Type 1 agents is their ability to operate under hypoxic conditions. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719210 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719210 Development of high content screening methods for photosensitizer analysis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719209&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002560%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Further development of PDT requires the testing and screening of large numbers of potential photosensitizers. Advances in the synthetic chemistry of porphyrins and their bioconjugates have put larger numbers of potential drug candidates into reach and now allows QSAR studies. This requires appropriate test methods to rapidly evaluate the candidates molecules in various cell biological settings. Towards this end we have undertaken a comprehensive program to develop HCA methods for photosensitizers. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719209 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719209 Covalently linked photoactive cisplatin conjugates for a combined chemotoxic and photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719208&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002559%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: So far, only a few reports about combined photo- and chemotoxic therapies have been published. Most of them show synergistic effects. Furthermore, there are several reports about covalently linked conjugates of a photosensitizer (PS) with a cisplatin analog. Unfortunately, only prolonged light exposure allowed these conjugates to be phototoxic in the lower micromolar range. In our work, cationic porphyrins have been selected due to their water solubility, cellular and nuclear uptake as the PS of choice. In addition, the central metal within the porphyrin allows to tune the visible absorption bands of the PS. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719208 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719208 Conception and synthesis of new two-photon photosensitizers for application to photo dynamic therapy (PDT) http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719207&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002547%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Nowadays, one of the principal limitations of PDT is the weak penetration of light in human tissues. The optimal depth is reached in the physiological optical window (700–1100nm) which corresponds to the combined minimum absorption of the skin main constituents (water, haemoglobin, melanin, etc). However, the minimal energy needed for the excitation of oxygen from its ground triplet state to the singlet excited state is around 1.6eV which means only radiations with wavelength shorter than 780nm may prove efficient. Only a part of the optical window may be exploited by classical photosensitizers. Two-photon absorption base PDT could provide an interesting alternative by allowing both excitation of photosensitizers within the optical window and sufficient energy for singlet oxygen producti... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719207 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719207 Complexes of tetrapyrrolic photosensitizers with biomacromolecules: Parameters important for therapeutic efficacy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719206&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002535%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Tetrapyrrole-based compounds are widely used in the search of efficacious photosensitizers (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer and other disorders. A major requirement for a high potency of these compounds is their interaction with biomacromolecules in the body. These interactions are critical for targeted delivery of PS to the site of the disease and for drug release and metabolism. Moreover, the microenvironment of the PS may strongly influence the formation of reactive oxygen species, the key mediators of PDT-induced tumor cell death. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719206 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719206 Comparative studies of photophysical and biological properties of hypericin and hypericin-glucamine http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719205&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002523%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study compares these two compounds, Hy and HyG concerning their phototoxicity in HEp-2 tumor cell line, the photodynamic efficiency using uric acid as chemical actinometers and fluorescent quantum yield (Φ). The inhibitory median concentration (IC50, μg/mL) obtained with a range of concentrations of the photosensitizers incubated by 2h followed by 16.2J/cm2 irradiation dose at 630nm were 0.061±0.003 (Hy) and 0.43±0.05 (HyG). The photodynamic activities measured using the uric acid were 26±5 (Hy) and 9.0±1.0 (HyG). The fluorescent quantum yield was 0.051±0.008 (Hy) and 0.069±0.001 (HyG). The results showed that the phototoxicity has decreased seven fold the photodynamic efficiency assessed by uric acid was reduced three fold for HyG while the fluorescent quantum yield had a sli... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719205 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719205 Carbohydrate-conjugated porphyrin oligomers for two photon photodynamic therapy: Synthesis and photobiological evaluation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719204&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002511%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes An important limitation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) arises from the fact that the penetration depth of typical radiation wavelengths employed for linear excitation is confined near the surface ( (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719204 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719204 Biological activity and photophysical properties of novel chlorin-based photosensitizers http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719203&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100250X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This report summarizes the results of a preliminary investigation of six novel chlorin derivatives synthesized with the aim of improving the photosensitizing effect. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719203 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719203 FosPeg®-mediated photocytotoxicity suppresses cancer cell growth through down-regulation of MEK pathways http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719202&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002493%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background and objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the top 10 cancers highly prevalent in Hong Kong and South China. MEK pathway is one of the major pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Foscan® (Biolitec AG), m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC)-based photosensitizing drug, has been used in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of head and neck cancers. FosPeg® (Biolitec AG) is a new formulation of mTHPC contained in pegylated liposomes with optimized distribution properties. In this in vitro study, the potential of FosPeg® PDT on human NPC cells was investigated. Effects of FosPeg®-mediated phototoxicity on MEK, JNK and ERK1/2 proteins were also elucidated. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719202 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719202 Vascular effect of photodynamic therapy using a chorioallantoic membrane model http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719201&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002481%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this study, we use the CAM model to investigate the PDT vascular effect with distinct protocols of photosensitizer type and concentration, drug-light interval, and illumination parameters. We will present the results obtained for Photogem and Photodithazine that were topically administrated, ranging the incubation period and concentration between 20 and 40min and 0.5 and 10μg/cm2, respectively. Using an irradiance of 100mW/cm2, light doses between 10 and 30J/cm2 were used, at 635nm (Photogem) and 660nm (Photodithazine). The vascular response is recorded and image processing allows a qualitative and quantitative analysis of vessel distribution. The pixels correspondent to the vessels were defined as black and the remaining structures at the image remain as white pixels. An algorithm was... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719201 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:38 +0100 4719201 Photo-toxic effects of near-infrared light irradiation with indocyanine green on rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719200&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS157210001100247X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction: Indocyanine green (ICG) exhibits strong maximum absorption at around 810nm which will be an advantage for its use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have previously reported that PDT with ICG injection and near-infrared light irradiation produced a therapeutic effect on hind-limb motor function in a rat model of metastatic spinal cancer using rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro photo-toxic effects of PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719200 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719200 Grp78-targeting cytotoxin potentiates Photofrin-PDT in prostate cancer cell lines http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719199&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002468%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Introduction/background: Glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident chaperone, is a key regulator of the ER stress response signaling. Extensive data indicate that Grp78 is overexpressed in various cancer cell lines, and contributes to the invasion and metastasis in many human cancers. Moreover, the enhanced Grp78 expression is detected in response to different ER-stress inducing anticancer therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). The aim of this study was to determine whether the therapy combining Photofrin-PDT with subtilase cytotoxin (SubA), the protease that specifically cleaves and inactivates Grp78, is superior to any of the treatment modalities applied separately. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719199 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719199 Tricationic porphycene derivative Py3MeO–TBPo mediated photodynamic effects on tumour HeLa cells http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719198&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002456%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Background: In this communication we analyze the photobiological properties of the tricationic 2,7,12-tris(α-pyridinio-p-tolyl)–17-(p-(methoxymethyl)phenyl) porphycene (Py3MeO–TBPo) on HeLa cells. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719198 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719198 TPCS2a based bleomycin photochemical internalization in normal hamster cheek pouch http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719197&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002444%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study compares photodynamic therapy (PDT) with PCI of bleomycin on normal hamster cheek pouch, using the photosensitiser TPCS2a (Amphinex®, PCI Biotech AS, Norway) prior to studies comparing PCI on normal mucosa with the effect on a transplanted cancer. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719197 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719197 Study on the interaction between photodynamic therapy and a PI3K pathway inhibitor http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719196&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002432%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This study focused on understanding the effects of PDT on PI3K pathway and how the interaction between PDT and PI3K pathway inhibition affects cell death and survival. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719196 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719196 Curcumin as a photosensitizer: Studies on different cell lines http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719195&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002420%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The powdered rhizome of the perennial herb Curcuma longa has been successfully used for centuries in the traditional ayurvedic South East Asian medicine as wound healing and anti-inflammatory remedy. The main component of the extract is a yellowish compound named curcumin (diferuloylmethane). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy) Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719195 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719195 Influence of photodynamic therapy in mammary carcinogenesis http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719194&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002419%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that has been developing rapidly in recent years. The mechanism of PDT causing tissue damage involves a complex interaction between the cell, the photosensitizer (PS) and light. Dosimetry in PDT is important for the safety and effectiveness of the technique. The aim of this study was to correlate the distribution of light with the type of cell death in tumors using underdosing. For that, we used 28 Sprague–Dawley rats that received a single dose of DMBA (80mg/kg by gavage). The animals were divided into four groups: G1-control, G2, G3 and G4 will be treated with PDT using an interstitial fiber optic lighting, power 200mW/cm light dose of 50J/cm2, 100J/cm2 and 150J/cm2, respectively. The photosensitizer used was Photogem intraperitoneally... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719194 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719194 Model for effects of a broad threshold dose distribution for multi-session of photodynamic therapy http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719193&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002407%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a theoretical model to describe the expected effects caused by successive PDT sessions in a bulky tumor. Supposing a partial PDT response of a hypothetical tumor, and considering the existence of a threshold dose distribution within the tumor tissue, represented by a modified Gaussian distribution, we applied a one dimensional light-tissue model. We simulated the tumor response after two PDT applications. Whether there is a continuous distribution of threshold values, a single PDT session does not induce the killing of all cells. The cell fraction left behind promotes a tumor regrowth with different threshold dose distribution. This simple model points out one possible relation between the concept of threshold dose, and the existence of a variety of cells in a tumor mass. We per... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719193 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:37 +0100 4719193 Heme carrier protein 1 involves a cancer specific porphyrin accumulation http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4719192&cid=s_38630_72_f&fid=38630&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdpdt-journal.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS1572100011002390%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Backgrounds and aims: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of chemotherapies for neoplasm, which uses a cancer specific porphyrins accumulation. In this therapy, singlet oxygen is produced by the reaction between laser and a cancer specific accumulated porphyrins to involve cellular apoptosis. However, the reason why porphyrins were particularly accumulated to cancer cells has still remained unknown. We hypothesize that a cancer specific over-expression of heme carrier protein 1 (HCP-1) involve these porphyrins accumulation: HCP-1 was reported to transport porphyrin ring including substrates such as heme in the duodenum. To elucidate this possibility, we examined the effect of RNAi for HCP-1 on cellular porphyrins incorporation in gastric cancer cell-lines besides gastric normal cells. Moreov... Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4719192 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:36 +0100 4719192