Psychogeriatrics via MedWorm.com

Biting for attention: A case of dental discomfort manifesting in behavioural problems

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThere is a dearth of literature describing behaviour that expresses discomfort caused by poor dentition in patients with dementia. In this paper, we report on a patient whose behaviour only abstrusely pointed to his teeth as the source of discomfort. Although changes to his medication over a 2‐year period had little effect, eventual extraction of his caries brought about an almost immediate resolution of all antisocial behaviour. Clinicians must be mindful that poor dental care is easily meliorated but remains endemic in patients suffering from dementia. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Specific feature of olfactory dysfunction with Alzheimer's disease inspected by the Odor Stick Identification Test

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study suggests that olfactory tests such as the Odor Stick Identification Test for the Japanese can be useful for assessing severity of AD, including cognitive dysfunction. Further investigations will enable us to establish an olfactory assessment method for the screening or diagnosis of AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

The Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and psychogeriatric services

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

A figurative proverb test for dementia: rapid detection of disinhibition, excuse and confabulation, causing discommunication

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Deficits in cognitive inhibition partly explains the difficulties in interactive social communication in dementia. With qualitative analysis, asking the meaning of a proverb can be a brief test applied in a clinical setting to evaluate the stage of dementia, and to illustrate disinhibition, confabulation and excuse, which might cause discommunication and psychosocial maladjustment in demented patients. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Agitated Behaviour in Dementia Scale in Alzheimer's disease: three dimensions of agitated behaviour in dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The Japanese version of the ABID promises to be useful for assessing agitated behaviour in patients with AD. Importantly, understanding these subtypes of agitated behaviour might have implications for individualized treatment plans. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Yamaguchi fox–pigeon imitation test (YFPIT) for dementia in clinical practice

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In conclusion, the YFPIT is a useful test to detect visuomotor deficits in dementia that can differentiate between AD and DLB. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

The association of depression and multimorbidity in the elderly: implications for the assessment of depression

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: There are associations between multimorbidity and depressive symptoms, therefore potentially confounding prevalence rates. As such, causal pathways of these associations should be studied under a longitudinal perspective in future studies. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Recurrent cholecystitis in an elderly mentally retarded patient with pica

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe case of a 64‐year‐old patient with pica and severe mental retardation who was admitted to our hospital for treatment of recurrent cholecystitis is reported. Abdominal ultrasound showed sludge in the gallbladder, but no stones. Abdominal CT revealed a foreign body in the duodenum resembling a suction cup of the type commonly used in kitchens and bathrooms. The object could not be removed because it was deeply embedded in the hypertrophic intestinal mucosa. A nasogastric tube was inserted for feeding, since the object impeded the passage of solid foods. The patient's fever and abdominal pain subsequently resolved, and laboratory data improved. The indwelling feeding tube prevented recurrence of cholecystitis. Since pica is common not only in patients with mental retardation b...

Differentiation between amnestic‐mild cognitive impairment and early‐stage Alzheimer's disease using the Frontal Assessment Battery test

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The present findings suggest that the FAB total score and subtest scores reflecting interference performances (conflicting instructions and go/no‐go) significantly declined in patients with EAD, independent of the disorientation and memory disorder. Such characteristics of neuropsychological screening test scores may be useful to clinicians for differentiating EAD and A‐MCI at bedside. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Lessons from genome‐wide association studies findings in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with a complex genetic background. Recent genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have placed important new contributors into the genetic framework of early‐ and late‐onset forms of this dementia. Besides confirming the major role of classic allelic variants (e.g. apolipoprotein E) in the development of AD, GWAS have thus far implicated over 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms in AD. In this review, we summarize the findings of 16 AD‐based GWAS performed to date whose public registries are available at the National Human Genome Research Institute, with an emphasis on understanding whether the polymorphic markers under consideration support functional implications to the pathophysiological role of the major...

Comparing dementia patients’ nighttime objective movement indicators with staff observations

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Although the agreement rate was low, staff appeared to pay more attention to patients associated with notable events during the day and patients exhibiting variability in distance moved. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Moderating effect of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between chronic medical conditions and psychological well‐being among elderly Malays

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Taken together, these findings indicate that the depressogenic effect of physical illness is decreased by religiosity in chronically ill elderly people. The implications and limitations of the current study are discussed and recommendations for future research are proposed. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Dementia with Lewy Bodies is associated with higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale than is Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The data suggest that depressive symptoms are highly specific symptoms of DLB, independent of other features of this disorder. The GDS could be used as a subsidiary tool in differentiating DLB from AD and is more useful than clinical observations of depression. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Polypharmacy increases the risk of Parkinson's disease in older people in Taiwan: A population‐based study

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Polypharmacy was shown to increase the risk of PD in older people in Taiwan, with risk increasing with the number of medications taken daily. Dementia, stroke, depression, and alcoholism were also associated with an increased risk of PD, whereas there was an inverse correlation between PD and hyperlipidemia. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

A comprehensive strategy for dementia from primary prevention to end‐stage management

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

CAMTA1 T polymorphism is associated with neuropsychological test performance in older adults with cardiovascular disease

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Results indicate that CAMTA1 genotype is associated with cognitive function in older adults with cardiovascular disease, because carriers of the T allele performed more poorly on tests of attention, executive function, and psychomotor speed. Contrary to expectations, there were no differences in memory performance among carriers and non‐carriers of the T allele. Given these mixed findings, further studies are necessary to elucidate the association between CAMTA1 and cognition, particularly gene expression and neuroimaging studies. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Parkinsonism with multiple cysts in the bilateral striata

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe present paper reports on a 68‐year‐old man with a 10‐year history of parkinsonism who developed hallucinations and delusions after admission to an intensive care unit for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. His initial diagnosis was delirium. On the basis of brain computed tomography findings and clinical symptoms, we diagnosed drug‐induced psychosis in parkinsonism with multiple cysts in the bilateral striata. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Depression–dementia medius: Between depression and the manifestation of dementia symptoms

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractDepression and dementia, among the most common conditions in clinical practice, sometimes coexist, sometimes succeed each other, and often confuse clinicians. In the present paper, the clinical concept of ‘depression–dementia medius’ (which includes pseudodementia and depression in Alzheimer's disease as exemplars) is proposed, in reference to Janet's concept of psychological tension. Because psychosomatically complex human lives are always in a state of dynamic equilibrium, it seems sensible to propose that pseudodementia and depression in Alzheimer's disease are located within a spectrum extending from depression without dementia symptoms to dementia without depression. From the Janetian viewpoint, pseudodementia is regarded as uncovered latent dementia as a result of reduc...

Association between brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and executive function in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Of the known BDNF polymorphisms, the C270T SNP may influence executive dysfunction as a non‐memory cognitive impairment in Japanese patients with AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Depressive state, aging, and prevalence of snacking: A preliminary study

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Presenile dementia diagnosed as posterior cortical atrophy

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractPosterior cortical atrophy (PCA) was originally proposed in 1988 based on five cases of dementia presenting characteristic clinical symptoms. The concept of PCA is still not generally accepted. Herein, we present a case of a presenile female with PCA. A 57‐year‐old woman was brought to the hospital by her older sister. The patient's chief complaints were that she could not drive a car safely and had caused numerous traffic accidents. Construction apraxia and unilateral spatial agnosia were detected by neuropsychological tests. The patient could not write a coherent the letter even though she was well educated. In addition, she demonstrated slight memory disturbance and she needed her sister's support in daily life. Magnetic resonance imaging and single photon emission computed ...

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractCreutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a progressive, degenerative, and fatal disease of the central nervous system. It is caused by abnormal accumulation of prion proteins and is characterized mainly by progressive dementia, myoclonus, and cerebellar, pyramidal, and extrapyramidal findings. Psychiatric symptoms may also accompany CJD and are often the first signs of the disease. The incidence of CJD is approximately 1 in 1 000 000. In certain cases, a diagnosis can be made by demonstrating the accumulation of pathological prion proteins. However, in many cultures brain biopsies or post‐mortem evaluations are not welcomed by either the patients or their relatives. In these cases, the importance of additional diagnostic tools increases. Herein, we report on a CJD patient who fir...

Low‐dose aripiprazole resolved complex hallucinations in the left visual field after right occipital infarction (Charles Bonnet syndrome)

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We reported a patient who suffered from complex visual hallucinations with left homonymous hemianopsia. Brain imaging showed an acute haemorrhage infarct at the right occipital lobe. Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) was suspected and aripiprazole was prescribed at 5 mg daily. After 3 weeks, the symptoms of hallucinations and anxiety were relieved. Although some CBS patients might be self‐limited without discomfort, low‐dose aripiprazole can be considered as a safe medication for significantly anxious patients with CBS. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Cell‐based therapy for patients with vascular dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe homeostasis of neuronal cells is maintained by the cerebral circulation and blood–brain barrier. Circulating bone marrow‐derived immature cells, including CD34‐positive (CD34+) cells, have been implicated in homeostasis of the cerebral microvasculature. Decreased levels of circulating CD34+ cells, associated with ageing and/or cardiovascular risk factors, correlate with poor clinical outcomes in patients with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Clinical trials with local transplantation of bone marrow‐derived immature cells for patients with limb ischaemia, including Buerger's disease and arteriosclerosis obliterans, have been shown to improve impaired microcirculation. In the present review, current findings about the correlation between circulating immature c...

Serum homocysteine and physical exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that, even with regular levodopa therapy, Hcy concentrations in PD patients who exercise regularly are significantly lower than in patients who do not exercise and are similar Hcy concentrations in healthy controls. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Subjective experiences of family caregivers of patients with dementia as predictive factors of quality of life

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that subjective experiences of caregivers are more strongly correlated with caregiver QOL than patient‐related variables and are thus powerful determinants of caregiver QOL. These findings suggest that caregiver intervention, which aims to increase QOL, may benefit from the incorporation of strategies to reduce depressive symptoms and burnout. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Protein kinase C stabilizes X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through phosphorylation at Ser87 to suppress apoptotic cell death

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate a role for PKC, through phosphorylation of XIAP at Ser87 and its stabilization, in cell survival under conditions of stress and lend strength to the idea that PKC is crucial in regulating neuronal homeostasis, which may be impaired in AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Survey in Shanghai communities: the public awareness of and attitude towards dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Lack of correct knowledge about dementia and discrimination of dementia are highly prevalent among urban residents in Shanghai. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Antipsychotics and cognitive function

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Exploring strategies to alleviate caregiver burden: Effects of the National Long‐Term Care insurance scheme in Japan

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe ever‐increasing population of older people with disabilities, including dementia, has been accompanied by a corresponding growth in the number of family caregivers, who are themselves at risk of developing mental and physical health problems. As a result, the need for practical and effective approaches for alleviating caregiver burden has become a major public health concern. One approach involves the development of public policy initiatives to allow the caregiver burden to be borne partly by society as a whole, rather than falling solely on individuals. In 2000, Japan introduced a National Long‐Term Care (LTC) insurance scheme that requires adults over the age of 40 years to pay compulsory monthly premiums, with one aim of the program being to reduce caregiver burden. Th...

Erratum

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Post‐stroke depression and apathy: Interactions between functional recovery, lesion location, and emotional response

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We examined one of these emotional responses previously, namely ‘insistence on recovery’, which was believed to be a negative indicator of functional improvement in disabled stroke patients. However, an appropriate level of insistence on recovery may, in fact, be associated with reduced depression and apathy, resulting in enhanced recovery from stroke‐related disabilities. Improvements in physical disabilities (trunk stability or activities of daily living, such as walking) also reduce depression and apathy. Therefore, the experience of PSD/apathy may be intertwined with various initial emotional responses and improvements in physical functioning. Effective treatment of PSD/apathy requires a multidisciplinary approach, such that neuroanatomical/neurobiological, emotional, and physica...

Bipolar disorder and dementia: where is the link?

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractCognitive disorders appearing in the course of bipolar disease have been identified, and recent studies have defined the neuropsychological characteristics of this pathology, which includes attention, executive function, memory and language disorders. However, questions remain concerning the appearance of dementia symptoms over the course of bipolar disorder in certain patients: is it a chance association or is there a connection between bipolar disorders and dementia? If the latter hypothesis is considered, what is the nature of the dementia, which might be considered as a dementia specific to bipolar disorder? Current clinical, neuropsychological and cerebral imaging data are inconclusive, but similarities with frontotemporal dementia might be highlighted. Functional imaging stud...

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of progressive supranuclear palsy in a dementia clinic

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In a dementia clinic, the neuropsychiatric profile in patients with PSP closely resembled those in the FTD group. The present results suggest that PSP should be considered as not only a movement disorder, but also a disorder with a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Clinical profiles of late‐onset semantic dementia, compared with early‐onset semantic dementia and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Visuospatial and constructive skills of LO‐SD patients might be mildly deteriorated compared with EO‐SD patients, whereas other cognitive and behavioural profiles of LO‐SD are similar to EO‐SD. Age‐associated changes in the brain should be considered when we diagnose SD in elderly patients. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Protein synthesis in the posterior cingulate cortex in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The CBF reduction in the PCC in AD was partly caused by neuronal loss in the PCC and partly supported the hypothesis that CBF reduction in the PCC was a result of functional deafferentation by neural degeneration in areas other than the PCC. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effect of Rikkunshi‐to on appetite loss found in elderly dementia patients: a preliminary study

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In the present study, we showed the effect of Rikkunshi‐to in improving appetite loss in elderly dementia patients. The present study suggests that Rikkunshi‐to might be useful in improving functional appetite loss in elderly dementia patients, because there are no serious side‐effects. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Elderly depression and diffusion tensor imaging

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Genetic contribution to the relationship between social role function and depressive symptoms in Japanese elderly twins: a twin study

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We concluded that focusing on a non‐shared environment is an essential approach for maintaining social role function and psychological well‐being. It is suggested that treatments specific to depressive symptoms are more effective than indirect intervention targeting social role function. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Impact of dementia on cancer discovery and pain

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Dementia greatly modifies the cancer discovery process, reduces prevalence of cancer pain and analgesic requirement. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Touch Panel‐type Dementia Assessment Scale: a new computer‐based rating scale for Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The TDAS appears to be a sensitive and comprehensive assessment battery for rating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, and can be substituted for the ADAS‐cog. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Genetic association between clusterin polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease in a Japanese population

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The negative associations were mainly the result of our small sample size. Larger genetic studies in different ethnics and future meta‐analysis are needed to clarify the relationship between the CLU gene and AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Five Alzheimer's disease cases with refractory behavioural psychological symptoms of dementia treated with blonanserin

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy, side‐effects and tolerability of blonanserin for treating refractory behavioural psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The present study was a 12‐week, prospective, structured clinical trial of blonanserin for the treatment of BPSD. The degree of cognitive function, activities of daily living score, and the degree of BPSD were determined using the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Rating Scale for Aggressive Behaviour in the Elderly (RAGE). The severity of extrapyramidal symptoms was assessed using the Drug‐Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms scale (DIEEPS). Five patients were enrolled. These patients met the NINCDS‐ADRDA crit...

Comparing Mini‐Mental State Examination and Attention and Digit Span in elderly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our observations showed attention and short‐term memory were impaired in PCB‐laden elderly patients. Higher exposure level showed lower cognitive functioning in ADS. The MMSE was insensitive to neurotoxins. The present study shows that the selective test has a decisive role in toxic‐related cognitive assessments. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Factors of error and effort in memory intervention for patients with Alzheimer's disease and amnesic syndrome

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Despite the overall advantage of errorless learning, the effortful process was effective in circumscribed situations. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Short‐term effect of combined drug therapy and cognitive stimulation therapy on the cognitive function of Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results suggest that CST is one of the important non‐pharmacological treatment strategies for patients with AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

A case of dementia with Lewy bodies that temporarily showed symptoms similar to Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractWe discuss a case of a 67‐year‐old male with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) that was initially suspected as Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) or another type of encephalopathy, because he showed rapidly progressive deterioration, myoclonus, gait disturbance and a decline in activities of daily living. The present study describes a clinically atypical case with probable DLB and reviews similar cases in the literature, and we propose a rapidly progressive clinical subtype of DLB. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Diagnostic utility of the Key Search Test as a measure of executive functions

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The Key Search test might not be an appropriate measure of executive functions in cognitively impaired individuals. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

The change in electrical energy delivered to aged patients over a course of moderate dose unilateral electroconvulsive therapy

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 01 Sep 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We cannot comment on the safety or effectiveness of moderate dose ECT. We focus instead just on changes in prescribed energy levels. These did not rise quickly in most cases, suggesting that moderate dose ECT cannot be dismissed as a treatment option simply because of the rate of change in electrical stimulation. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Tai Chi exercise versus rehabilitation for the elderly with cerebral vascular disorder: a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Predictors of length of stay in a ward for demented elderly: gender differences

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Characteristics of exploratory eye movements in elderly people: possibility of early diagnosis of dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

The production ratios of AICDε51 and Aβ42 by intramembrane proteolysis of βAPP do not always change in parallel

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Hypothesis of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Overview of non‐pharmacological intervention for dementia and principles of brain‐activating rehabilitation

Psychogeriatrics — Sat, 28 Aug 2010 06:17:50 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Development of the Japanese DOLOPLUS‐2: A pain assessment scale for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Sat, 28 Aug 2010 06:17:50 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Diffuse occipital hypometabolism on [18F]‐FDG PET scans in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies?

Psychogeriatrics — Sat, 28 Aug 2010 06:17:49 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effectiveness of Japanese herbal medicine yokukansan for alleviating psychiatric symptoms after traumatic brain injury

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The Japanese herbal medicine, yokukansan, has been reported to improve behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and activities of daily living in patients with dementia. In the present case report, the authors report the effectiveness of yokukansan in treating psychiatric symptoms after traumatic brain injury. An 85-year-old man, who underwent surgery for hepatic portal cholangiocarcinoma, sustained traumatic brain injury after falling from bed as the result of postoperative delirium. He subsequently presented with psychiatric symptoms, showing markedly impulsive and aggressive behavior. Neuroleptics did not alleviate the symptoms. Ultimately, we succeeded in controlling the symptoms, without adverse effects, by giving the patient yokukansan. Yokukansan shows the potential for red...

Adverse effects of anticholinergic activity on cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The total scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the score of MMSE domain of registration and recall were significantly lower (P < 0.05) and the Functional Assessment Staging (FAST) score, the number of different kinds of prescribed psychotropic medications (the number of prescribed psychotropic medications) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the SAA (+) group than in the SAA ([minus]). These results suggest that a higher number of psychotropic medications prescribed leads to a tendency for SAA to be positive and that anticholinergic activity accelerates Alzheimer's pathology and decreases cognitive function, especially memory in AD patients. We should more prudently prescribe psychotropic medications to AD patients, because the prescribed psychotropic medica...

Clinical psychological tests useful for differentiating depressive state with Alzheimer's disease from major depression of the elderly

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results suggest that the GDS30, Apathy Scale, and CMI are useful for differentiating MD from AD and evaluating their psychological features. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Predictors of outcomes from a ward for demented elderly: gender differences

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: It was observed that there were gender differences among outcome predictors. The outcomes of demented patients were predicted by both complications and condition on admission. Most women did not return to their homes because of the situation in which they received care. It is necessary to establish a clear system for providing care for the demented elderly, especially for women. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Uncinate fasciculus-correlated cognition in Alzheimer's disease: a diffusion tensor imaging study by tractography

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: FA and ADC values might reflect the severity of cognitive dysfunction. The tract-of-interest method might be a useful tool for objectively evaluating DTI parameters in AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effects of music and art education in early life and oral functions on the QOL of the Takarazuka Revue Company OG compared with general elderly females

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results showed that those who have received art education as part of their careers over an extensive period since early life have higher levels of cognitive function, QOL, physical activity, social activity and life satisfaction compared with the general female group; showing that they sense a purpose in life and live with a positive attitude. In contrast, in the general female group, those who have continued to enjoy hobbies have higher levels of cognitive function, QOL, physical activity, social activity and life satisfaction than those who have not, thus showing that they live with a positive attitude. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Pet therapy in elderly patients with mental illness

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Frontal shift of posterior alpha activity is correlated with cognitive impairment in early Alzheimer's disease: A magnetoencephalography–beamformer study

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

CASE REPORT: Psychotic symptoms complicate the clinical differentiation of Parkinson's disease with major depressive disorder from dementia with Lewy bodies

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

MINI‐REVIEW: New national health program against dementia in Japan: The medical center for dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

REVIEW ARTICLE: Prospects of future measures for persons with dementia in Japan

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

REVIEW ARTICLE: Issues facing home‐based medical support services

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

REVIEW ARTICLE: Late‐onset schizophrenic syndromes in socially isolated situations: a comparison of Janzarik's ‘Kontaktmangelparanoid’ and late paraphrenia

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Computerized visuo‐spatial memory test as a supplementary screening test for dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Argyrophilic grain disease with delusions and hallucinations: a pathological study

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Detection of early amnestic mild cognitive impairment without significantly objective memory impairment: a case‐controlled study

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Investigation of responders and non‐responders to long‐term donepezil treatment

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

EDITORIAL: Diagnostic biomarker for early stage of Alzheimer's disease: Current state and view in the future

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Uncinate fasciculus‐correlated cognition in Alzheimer's disease: a diffusion tensor imaging study by tractography

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Dementias and depression late in life: Beyond observed associations to underlying mechanism

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Vascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Histopathologically, numerous senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were remarkably observed in the brain with Alzheimer's disease. At the same time, so much simple atrophy of nerve cells was evident under light microscopy. Electron microscopical observations of serial sections revealed that small blood vessels, including capillaries, had a deep relationship to the amyloid fibrils which formed the senile plaques and they had fallen into degenerative states. The vascular feet of the astroglial cells surrounding small blood vessels showed degenerative features, and many nerve cells in this area either showed various degrees of degeneration or apparently were destroyed. The atrophy of the brain with Alzheimer's disease is considered to be caused by the amyloid angiopathy of small blood v...

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Professor Tsuyoshi Nishimura (1931–2009)

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Relationship between self-rated health and depressive state in elderly people

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Challenging behavior of patients with frontal dysfunction managed successfully with behavioral intervention

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Herein, we report on two clinical cases in which behavioral disturbances occurred due to frontal dysfunction. Both patients were treated successfully with behavioral intervention. In the first case, the patient's challenging behavior of repeatedly entering his wife's workplace and interrupting her work was reduced after the patient's wife changed her response to the behavior and her schedule prior to work to ensure that she spent time with him in the morning. In the second case, the patient's challenging behavior of urinating in the street was reduced by changing his walking route. The successful outcome in both cases suggests that behavioral intervention based on Antecedents, Behavior, and Consequences (ABC) analysis is useful in the management of behavioral disturbance due to frontal dys...

Early symptoms of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease mimicking alcohol-related disorder

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) broadly involves the central nervous system and exhibits a wide variety of symptoms; consequently, patients are frequently misdiagnosed in its early stages with other neuropsychiatric syndromes. In the present paper, the authors report a case of CJD in a patient with alcohol dependence. A 65-year-old woman drank heavily for several years and occasionally had delusions of persecution. After a year of abstinence, she resumed drinking and exhibited behavioral anomalies. She was admitted to an internal medicine ward of a hospital because of an asthmatic attack. She then became unresponsive, bedridden and incontinent, and was moved to the psychotic ward of our hospital. From findings of rapidly progressing dementia, myoclonus, characteristic electroencephalogram,...

Activation syndrome caused by paroxetine in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Activation syndrome is a severe adverse effect caused by antidepressants. It is more frequently induced by paroxetine than by other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, there have been no descriptions of demented patients with activation syndrome derived from paroxetine. Herein, we report on three cases of dementia with Lewy bodies who suffered from activation syndrome induced by paroxetine. These symptoms rapidly disappeared following discontinuation of paroxetine. The present cases lead us to speculate that paroxetine is injurious to patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Expression of neprilysin, somatostatin and the somatostatin sst5 receptor in the hippocampal formation of brains from Alzheimer's disease patients

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results suggest that the origin of the A[beta] accumulated may be correlated with the reduction of the SST neuronal network in AD brains. Activating intrinsic NEP through the SST neuronal system may contribute to a reduction in the risk of AD. Further investigations into the role SST receptors may provide new pharmacotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Comparison of voxel-based specific region analysis of Alzheimer's disease and simple computed tomography evaluation of medial temporal atrophy in psychiatric patients

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Although we cannot conclude that Area/Width from CT scans is a perfect alternative to Z-scores from VSRAD [ge]1.0 because of its lower sensitivity, it was found that we can expect Z-scores [ge]1.0 at an Area/Width ratio [ge]4.0. Further research with a larger sample size and prospective design is required to confirm the usefulness of our CT method in the evaluation of medial temporal atrophy in psychiatric patients. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

The role of psychostimulants in psychogeriatrics: a New Zealand survey

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The prescribing of psychostimulants for depression by New Zealand psychogeriatricians is infrequent and the response rates and side effects observed were both consistent with the published literature. Their use was generally limited to treatment-resistant depression, when standard antidepressants were intolerable, or in complex clinical situations. While not a prominent biological treatment in psychogeriatrics, this class of medication remains a therapeutic option for the frail, the medically ill or those in palliative care situations. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Preliminary application of processed electroencephalogram monitoring to differentiate senile dementia from depression

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In conclusion, the BSI and 95% spectral edge frequency were slightly smaller in dementia patients than in patients with depression. Paroxysmal slow waves may account for the low bispectral index. Thus, BSI monitoring may become a useful tool with which to distinguish AD from depression. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Prevention of psychiatric illness in the elderly, I: Path to prevention of dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disease

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is compromised and believed to be the cause of the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Activity of PP2A is regulated by two endogeneous inhibitor proteins, called as I1PP2A and I2PP2A. Previously, we reported that: (i) I1PP2A and I2PP2A are upregulated with cleavage of I2PP2A holoprotein and translocation of its amino terminal fragment from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in neuronal cells in AD brains; and (ii) translocated I2PP2A colocalized not only with the PP2A catalytic subunit, but also with phosphorylated tau in neuronal cytoplasm. Furthermore, according to preliminary data, the cleavage site of I2PP2A is located between amino acids 175 and 176 of the I2PP2A sequence. Because the sequence from amino acid...

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration and dementia with Lewy bodies: Clinicopathological issues associated with antemortem diagnosis

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Currently, the clinical diagnostic criteria of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are well known to neurologists and psychiatrists. However, the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of these diseases in autopsy series is not always adequate. For example, FTLD is a syndrome rather than a clinicopathological disease entity that is comprised of various pathological substrates, including Pick's disease, FTLD with microtubule-associated protein tau gene mutation, FTLD with tau-negative ubiquitin-positive inclusions (FTLD-U), FTLD-U with progranulin gene mutation, corticobasal degeneration, basophilic inclusion body disease, and neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease. Whether these underlying pathologies can be identified clinically is one of the...

Neuropsychological profile of dementia with Lewy bodies

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) accounts for 10[ndash]25% of all dementia cases in clinical populations and is considered to be the second most common degenerative dementia in elderly people after Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dementia with Lewy bodies is characterized by the presence of cognitive, psychiatric, and motor symptoms. Although the neuropsychological profiles of patients with DLB often differ from those of patients with AD, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of these profiles remain largely unknown. The present paper reviews the neuropsychological profiling of DLB and attempts the neuropsychological differentiation of DLB from AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Neuroimaging studies in patients with Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is characterized by complex formed and recurrent visual hallucinations in psychologically normal people, and is often associated with eye pathology. Many psychiatrists have taken an interest in CBS because this syndrome could provide clues to the mechanisms underlying visual hallucinations. In the present paper, we review previous neuroimaging studies in patients with CBS and summarize the results of these studies. There could be a fundamental dysfunction in the primary and secondary visual cortices in some patients with CBS, and transient cortical activation occurs in the inferior lateral temporal cortex during the appearance of visual hallucinations in CBS patients. External visual stimuli are perceived in the retina and are transmitted to the primary visual...

Pathogenesis and symptomatology of hallucinations (delusions) of organic brain disorder and schizophrenia

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

In this review article, in order to explore the mechanisms underlying the hallucinations/delusions of schizophrenia, we discuss the contribution of the following four questions: (i) can an understanding of dreams contribute to our understanding of the genesis of halluciations and/or delusions; (ii) are the mechanisms underlying psychotropic drug-induced psychoses the same as those underlying the hallucinations and/or delusions in schizophrenia; (iii) does disturbed consciousness contribute to the manifestation of psychotic features; and (iv) are the psychoses caused by organic brain disorders any different to the hallucinations and/or delusions seen in schizophrenia? We conclude that there is a strong association between drug-induced hallucinations or hallucinations associated with organic...

What is 'early onset dementia'?

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

There are two types of dementia with early onset: (i) presenile dementias; and (ii) senile dementias with early onset. Most patients who develop dementia before 65 years of age have Alzheimer's disease (AD). The remainder are likely to have vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia, head injury, alcohol intoxication, or metabolic disorder. Presenile dementias, caused by frontotemporal lobar degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration, usually occur in patients of presenile and are rarely seen in patients of senile age. Although the factors responsible for the accelarted onset of the illness are not fully known, genetic abnormalities appear to be important in some types of presenile dementia, such as frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to ...

Suicide among the elderly in mainland China

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Suicide in mainland China shows unique demographic patterns with age: the over-65 age group has the highest rate of completed suicide, reaching 44.3[ndash]200 per 100 000, which is four to five times higher than the Chinese general population. Rural suicide rates among the elderly are three to five times higher than the urban rates. The gender ratio of suicide in the elderly shows a reversal to those younger than 60 years of age in China. In addition, suicide methods and causes are different from those in Western countries. In the present paper, the profile of suicide among the elderly in China is delineated, including the prevalence, characteristics, underlying reasons and measures of preventing it. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Depression associated with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and the effect of somatotherapy

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: [bull] A total of 13.8% of patients came to be re-diagnosed as having DLB as a consequence of a thorough examination after admission. [bull] Patients with depression associated with DLB were classified into psychotic and non-psychotic clusters. [bull] ECT and TMS are effective and safe therapeutic tools for drug therapy[ndash]resistant depression observed in DLB patients. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Clinical effects of high oral dose of donepezil for patients with Alzheimer's disease in Japan

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The progression of cognitive dysfunction could be inhibited by increasing the dose of donepezil to 10 mg/day. It was suggested that longer-term treatment with 5 mg/day might lead to fewer adverse events when the dose is increased to 10 mg/day. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and medical treatment

Psychogeriatrics — Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Five cases of frontotemporal dementia with behavioral symptoms improved by Yokukansan

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Herein, we present five cases with frontotemporal dementia whose behavioral symptoms were improved by Yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (Kampo). All five patients were prescribed Yokukansan (7.5 g/day) to reduce their symptoms. The patients' symptoms were evaluated comprehensively using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Stereotypy Rating Inventory (SRI) before and 4 weeks after Yokukansan treatment. The mean (± SD) scores on the NPI and the SRI before treatment were 55.6 ± 5.4 and 22.2 ± 6.5, respectively. After treatment, these scores were 30.0 ± 7.8 and 11.6 ± 7.5, respectively. Yokukansan was effective for the treatment of clinical symptoms in all five patients without adverse effects and significant changes in laboratory data. Although antipsychotic drugs have...

Subclinical rhythmic electrographic discharge of adults (SREDA) in a case with spinocerebellar degeneration improved clinically by thyrotropin-releasing hormone

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Herein, we report on a patient with spinocerebellar degeneration who exhibited subclinical rhythmic electrographic discharge of adults (SREDA). Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) improved the clinical symptoms and SREDA was observed only when administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone was discontinued and the symptoms worsened. Furthermore, after resuming administration of taltirelin hydrate, a TRH analog, the improvement in motor function was accompanied by a decrease in delirium. It is plausible that taltirelin hydrate improved the distorted cerebral blood flow, which has been reported previously as the mechanism underlying SREDA, as a consequence of the functional improvement in neurotransmitter systems. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Investigation of the short- and long-term effects of donepezil on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that when a short-term beneficial effect of the donepezil on cognitive functions is seen, long-term effect may also be expected at 2 years. Periodic clinical evaluation and examination of cognitive function is indispensable for effective donepezil treatment. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effect of a companion dog on depression and anxiety levels of elderly residents in a long-term care facility

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results of this small study confirm the results of other studies that AAA visits can make a difference to the depression levels of residents in long-term care facilities. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatric services for outpatients undergoing long-term care at Mental Silver Clinic

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The number of VaD patients was smaller than DLB patients at mental clinic. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effects of aging on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: From these results, we found that the effects of aging on the BPSD in AD were characterized by diurnal rhythm disturbance and psychosis. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Effectiveness of the Takeda Three Colors Combination Test as a screening test for dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 27 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Satisfactory sensitivity and specificity were indicated for both the AD and VaD groups, with sufficient reliability and validity also indicated. Thus, the TTCC is an effective dementia screening test. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Alzheimer's disease and mortality in Japan

Psychogeriatrics — Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Mild cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive impairment

Psychogeriatrics — Fri, 21 Nov 2008 04:21:42 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Subject index

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Author index

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Aripiprazole-associated dystonia in a patient with vascular dementia

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Aripiprazole is a novel atypical antipsychotic agent with unique pharmacological profiles as a partial dopamine receptor agonist. Few extrapyramidal signs have been reported previously following the use of aripiprazole. In the present study, we report on an 84-year-old female patient who suffered from vascular dementia with psychotic symptoms. She was treated with aripiprazole and acute dystonia was noted. This case report highlights the importance of slow titration of aripiprazole and close monitoring for extrapyramidal signs in elderly psychotic patients with vascular dementia. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Treatment of refractory tardive dyskinesia with donepezil in an elderly patient with depression

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological disorder caused by the prolonged administration of dopamine antagonists, usually antipsychotics and especially first-generation antipsychotics. Herein, we report on an elderly patient suffering from TD with depression induced by amoxapine, an antidepressant that antagonizes dopamine receptors. This case report demonstrates the therapeutic effect of donepezil even for TD due to amoxapine, corroborating the view that donepezil is beneficial for the treatment of TD induced by dopamine antagonists. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial is required to confirm the usefulness of donepezil in the treatment of dopamine antagonist-induced TD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Macrophage colony stimulating factor is associated with excretion of amyloid-β peptides from cerebrospinal fluid to peripheral blood

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results indicate that M-CSF deficiency impairs excretion of human-type A[beta]40 from the CSF to blood. We propose that M-CSF may be a novel factor that facilitates the excretion of A[beta] from the CSF to the blood via the BBB. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Preserved priming but insensitivity to perceptual fluency on recognition judgments in Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The findings suggest that perceptually automatic processes in explicit memory judgments and implicit memory processes are different and that the former are specifically impaired in AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Beneficial and adverse effects of pharmacotherapy with risperidone on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In the present study, low doses of risperidone were used for the treatment of BPSD and no serious side-effects were observed. An atypical antipsychotic can be one of the treatment options if a thorough risk assessment of the cardiovascular system is made and informed consent is obtained. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Association between activity level and changes in bodyweight in dementia patients

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Introduction: Bodyweight is routinely used as an important health assessment measure in care facilities. Recently, the integrated circuit (IC) tag monitoring system became available for measuring the distance walked by patients with dementia (PsWD) over an extended period. The main objective of the present study was to examine an association between the distance walked and changes in bodyweight in PsWD.Methods: Monitoring was conducted in a semi-acute dementia care unit in Japan between November 2006 and March 2007. All patients had been diagnosed with dementia and were able to walk independently. Demographic and food intake data were obtained from medical records. Bodyweight was measured weekly. The monitoring system calculated the distance walked. The study was approved by the Ethics Com...

Research on aging using brain imaging and cognitive tests over 6 years in 145 healthy elderly subjects

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results of the BVRT and ECR suggest that enlargement of the Sylvian fissure and atrophy of the temporal lobe are indicators of deterioration of memory. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Erratum

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Attempts to differentiate the patterns of temporal movements in Alzheimer's disease patients from vascular dementia patients by the integrated circuit tag monitoring system

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

How to treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD): Do not treat patients exhibiting symptoms like BPSD with neuroleptics from the beginning

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

The present report details the case of three patients who had symptoms like behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). In all three cases, other factors contributing to the disease were hidden behind the symptoms resembling BPSD. These cases exhibited symptoms like BPSD following acute or subacute onset. Before starting medication with antipsychotic drugs, the underlying causes of the symptoms, especially those with an acute or subacute onset, should be considered. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Role of the home visit medical service for patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) living in the community

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The medical service alone is not enough to provide appropriate care for patients with BPSD who are living in the community. Using the case studies presented herein, we have demonstrated the importance of 'daily life information' for medical intervention. Issues relating to the exacerbation of BPSD and the cooperation of caregivers in the drug monitoring system at home are also considered. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Kampo therapy as an alternative to pharmacotherapy using antipsychotic medicines for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), including aggression, agitation, screaming, wandering, hallucinations, and delusions, occur in 50[ndash]90% of patients with dementia, and have a negative impact on the activity of daily living (ADL) of patients, as well as caregivers. Patients with severe BPSD often require management with antipsychotic medicines. However, an increased mortality rate has been reported in patients with dementia taking antipsychotic medicine and, thus, there is an urgent need to develop safer treatments for BPSD. Kampo medicines are an alternative to antipsychotic medicines and several Kampo medicines have been reported to be effective in the treatment of BPSD. Oren-gedoku-to has been reported to be effective for the treatment of irritability and...

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in dementia with Lewy bodies

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) bother patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and their families so frequently that early diagnosis of DLB before the appearance of prominent cognitive impairment is important. Because BPSD in DLB can be reduced or improved by early intervention, medical intervention is important. Of BPSD in DLB, vivid visual hallucinations and delusions are most important. Other visual cognitive impairments and sleep disturbances, including disorders in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, are also frequently seen. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil chloride, are the first choice for the therapy of BPSD; Yokukansan (a type of Kanpo (traditional Chinese herbal) medicine) is the second choice. When neither treatment is effective, atypica...

Effects of short-term reminiscence therapy on elderly with dementia: A comparison with everyday conversation approaches

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Reminiscence therapy performed over a short period of time in closed groups was shown to be more effective than everyday conversations in the treatment of elderly people with dementia. It is suggested that the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy should be ascertained not only by the verbal fluency tasks, but also by changes in patients' interactions with others through non-verbal communication. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Post-marketing survey of donepezil hydrochloride in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results suggest that donepezil not only improves the cognitive dysfunction of AD patients, but may also relieve BPSD in these patients. Treatment with donepezil was also found to alleviate the burden of caregivers for approximately 60% of patients. Moreover, the results indicate that donepezil is unlikely to trigger potential risks of excessive deterioration of BPSD, which would result in a heavier burden of nursing care. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Relationship between psychiatric symptoms and regional cerebral blood flow in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In the present study, we observed a tendency for decreased brain perfusion in patients with motor retardation. Further studies are necessary to confirm that this trend contributes to the appearance of psychiatric symptoms in patients with mild AD. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Beyond PIB: the next generation of amyloid-imaging ligands

Psychogeriatrics — Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Roles of specialists in psychogeriatrics

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 19:37:23 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 57-61, June 2008. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Differentiating early and late-onset depression with multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:45 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 79-87, June 2008. Abstract Background: Individuals with late-life depression can be divided into two categories, those with early and late-onset depression (EOD and LOD, respectively). It has been reported that LOD has more accentuated subcortical vascular lesions and ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

A case of senile depression diagnosed by N-isopropyl-P-[123I]-iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:40 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 101-103, June 2008. Abstract It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between dementia with depressive mood and depressive pseudodementia (DPD). However, it is important that a differential diagnosis between them is made because cognition and memory disorder in DPD patients ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Reliability and validity of a Comprehensive Environmental Questionnaire for community-living elderly with healthcare needs

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:40 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 66-72, June 2008. Abstract Background: Although environmental factors play an important role in the quality of life of the elderly, no currently available scale is adequate for the comprehensive assessment of the environments of community-living elderly in Japan. The ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:39 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page J15-J18, June 2008. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Increased libido during fluvoxamine treatment

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:32 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 98-100, June 2008. Abstract We treated an 80-year-old man with vascular dementia who developed increased libido induced by fluvoxamine. Sexual stimulation associated with fluvoxamine administration has been rarely reported and the present findings suggest that organic ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Abstracts in japanese

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:31 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page J13-J14, June 2008. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Demented elderly people living at home in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Evaluation of expenditure on care

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:31 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 88-95, June 2008. Abstract Background: The present study investigates family expenditure relating to caring for elderly people with dementia. The study was exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional. Methods: The expenditure of 41 families responsible for caring for ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of delirium in elderly patients

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:30 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 62-65, June 2008. Abstract Background: Despite increasing recognition of delirium as a serious complication of physical illness, little has been reported in this area. Interest has been raised in treatment options other than haloperidol, such as atypical antipsychotic ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Tardive dyskinesia with ziprasidone and citalopram use in an elderly female patient

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:26 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 96-97, June 2008. Abstract Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is occasionally an irreversible condition caused by antipsychotic treatment. Second-generation antipsychotics are considered to have less extrapyramidal effects, including causing TD. Herein, we present a case of TD ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease with diabetes in the Japanese population

Psychogeriatrics — Wed, 04 Jun 2008 05:32:26 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 2, Page 73-78, June 2008. Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of impaired cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in diabetic subjects from Japan. Methods: In the present study, 386 Japanese diabetic subjects aged more than ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

13th Congress of the International Psychogeriatric Association and recent expansion of research into psychogeriatrics

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 28 Feb 2008 20:40:54 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 1-3, March 2008. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Contribution of perospirone and risperidone to reduce delirium in senile patients

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 28 Feb 2008 00:47:22 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 4-7, March 2008. Abstract Background: Serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs) inhibit dopaminergic transmission in the mesolimbic system less than in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, which relates to the extrapyramidal side-effects of these drugs. The SDAs seem to ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Characteristics of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in untreated oldest old Alzheimer's disease*

Psychogeriatrics — Thu, 28 Feb 2008 00:47:10 +0100

Psychogeriatrics, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 8-11, March 2008. Abstract Background: The proportion of the population aged 85 years and older has increased rapidly in Japan, reaching 2.5 million (1.99%) in 2002. Under these circumstances, the number of dementia patients increases annually. However, few studies have ... (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

Psychogeriatrics via MedWorm.com

Biting for attention: A case of dental discomfort manifesting in behavioural problems

Specific feature of olfactory dysfunction with Alzheimer's disease inspected by the Odor Stick Identification Test

The Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and psychogeriatric services

A figurative proverb test for dementia: rapid detection of disinhibition, excuse and confabulation, causing discommunication

Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Agitated Behaviour in Dementia Scale in Alzheimer's disease: three dimensions of agitated behaviour in dementia

Yamaguchi fox–pigeon imitation test (YFPIT) for dementia in clinical practice

The association of depression and multimorbidity in the elderly: implications for the assessment of depression

Recurrent cholecystitis in an elderly mentally retarded patient with pica

Differentiation between amnestic‐mild cognitive impairment and early‐stage Alzheimer's disease using the Frontal Assessment Battery test

Lessons from genome‐wide association studies findings in Alzheimer's disease

Comparing dementia patients’ nighttime objective movement indicators with staff observations

Moderating effect of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between chronic medical conditions and psychological well‐being among elderly Malays

Dementia with Lewy Bodies is associated with higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale than is Alzheimer's disease

Polypharmacy increases the risk of Parkinson's disease in older people in Taiwan: A population‐based study

A comprehensive strategy for dementia from primary prevention to end‐stage management

CAMTA1 T polymorphism is associated with neuropsychological test performance in older adults with cardiovascular disease

Parkinsonism with multiple cysts in the bilateral striata

Depression–dementia medius: Between depression and the manifestation of dementia symptoms

Association between brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and executive function in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease

Depressive state, aging, and prevalence of snacking: A preliminary study

Presenile dementia diagnosed as posterior cortical atrophy

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Low‐dose aripiprazole resolved complex hallucinations in the left visual field after right occipital infarction (Charles Bonnet syndrome)

Cell‐based therapy for patients with vascular dementia

Serum homocysteine and physical exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease

Subjective experiences of family caregivers of patients with dementia as predictive factors of quality of life

Protein kinase C stabilizes X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) through phosphorylation at Ser87 to suppress apoptotic cell death

Survey in Shanghai communities: the public awareness of and attitude towards dementia

Antipsychotics and cognitive function

Exploring strategies to alleviate caregiver burden: Effects of the National Long‐Term Care insurance scheme in Japan

Erratum

Post‐stroke depression and apathy: Interactions between functional recovery, lesion location, and emotional response

Bipolar disorder and dementia: where is the link?

Neuropsychiatric symptoms of progressive supranuclear palsy in a dementia clinic

Clinical profiles of late‐onset semantic dementia, compared with early‐onset semantic dementia and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease

Protein synthesis in the posterior cingulate cortex in Alzheimer's disease

Effect of Rikkunshi‐to on appetite loss found in elderly dementia patients: a preliminary study

Elderly depression and diffusion tensor imaging

Genetic contribution to the relationship between social role function and depressive symptoms in Japanese elderly twins: a twin study

Impact of dementia on cancer discovery and pain

Touch Panel‐type Dementia Assessment Scale: a new computer‐based rating scale for Alzheimer's disease

Genetic association between clusterin polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease in a Japanese population

Five Alzheimer's disease cases with refractory behavioural psychological symptoms of dementia treated with blonanserin

Comparing Mini‐Mental State Examination and Attention and Digit Span in elderly exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans

Factors of error and effort in memory intervention for patients with Alzheimer's disease and amnesic syndrome

Short‐term effect of combined drug therapy and cognitive stimulation therapy on the cognitive function of Alzheimer's disease

A case of dementia with Lewy bodies that temporarily showed symptoms similar to Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Diagnostic utility of the Key Search Test as a measure of executive functions

The change in electrical energy delivered to aged patients over a course of moderate dose unilateral electroconvulsive therapy

Tai Chi exercise versus rehabilitation for the elderly with cerebral vascular disorder: a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial

Predictors of length of stay in a ward for demented elderly: gender differences

Characteristics of exploratory eye movements in elderly people: possibility of early diagnosis of dementia

The production ratios of AICDε51 and Aβ42 by intramembrane proteolysis of βAPP do not always change in parallel

Hypothesis of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

Overview of non‐pharmacological intervention for dementia and principles of brain‐activating rehabilitation

Development of the Japanese DOLOPLUS‐2: A pain assessment scale for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease

Diffuse occipital hypometabolism on [18F]‐FDG PET scans in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies?

Effectiveness of Japanese herbal medicine yokukansan for alleviating psychiatric symptoms after traumatic brain injury

Adverse effects of anticholinergic activity on cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease

Clinical psychological tests useful for differentiating depressive state with Alzheimer's disease from major depression of the elderly

Predictors of outcomes from a ward for demented elderly: gender differences

Uncinate fasciculus-correlated cognition in Alzheimer's disease: a diffusion tensor imaging study by tractography

Effects of music and art education in early life and oral functions on the QOL of the Takarazuka Revue Company OG compared with general elderly females

Pet therapy in elderly patients with mental illness

Frontal shift of posterior alpha activity is correlated with cognitive impairment in early Alzheimer's disease: A magnetoencephalography–beamformer study

CASE REPORT: Psychotic symptoms complicate the clinical differentiation of Parkinson's disease with major depressive disorder from dementia with Lewy bodies

MINI‐REVIEW: New national health program against dementia in Japan: The medical center for dementia

REVIEW ARTICLE: Prospects of future measures for persons with dementia in Japan

REVIEW ARTICLE: Issues facing home‐based medical support services

REVIEW ARTICLE: Late‐onset schizophrenic syndromes in socially isolated situations: a comparison of Janzarik's ‘Kontaktmangelparanoid’ and late paraphrenia

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Computerized visuo‐spatial memory test as a supplementary screening test for dementia

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Argyrophilic grain disease with delusions and hallucinations: a pathological study

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Detection of early amnestic mild cognitive impairment without significantly objective memory impairment: a case‐controlled study

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Investigation of responders and non‐responders to long‐term donepezil treatment

EDITORIAL: Diagnostic biomarker for early stage of Alzheimer's disease: Current state and view in the future

Uncinate fasciculus‐correlated cognition in Alzheimer's disease: a diffusion tensor imaging study by tractography

Dementias and depression late in life: Beyond observed associations to underlying mechanism

Vascular pathology in Alzheimer's disease

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