Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia via MedWorm.com

Family and the protection from use of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs in adolescents, National School Health Survey

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sun, 16 Oct 2011 06:52:51 +0100

This study evaluates the relation between the use of tobacco, alcoholic beverages and illicit drugs and family protective factors. Data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE) were analyzed in a sample of 60,973 students at the freshman year of high school, from public and private schools of Brazilian state capitals. Most adolescents lived with both their parents and about a third lived in households only with their mothers. Half the parents or responsible parties are aware of what adolescents do in their free time. Living with both parents is a protective factor for smoking, drinking, and drug use. Family supervision is also important for the prevention of such behavior. Sharing a meal with parents or responsible parties most days of the week and the fact that the parents know what...

Família e proteção ao uso de tabaco, álcool e drogas em adolescentes, Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde dos Escolares

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

Temporal variation in the prevalence of weight and obesity excess in adults: Brazil, 2006 to 2009

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

This study aims at describing the trends in overweight and obesity prevalence rates from 2006 to 2009, by means of telephone surveys in 27 Brazilian cities, with a population aged 18 years or older. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated by the reported height and weight; overweight and obesity were considered as BMI >25 kg/m² and >30 kg/m², respectively. Temporal variation in overweight and obesity prevalence is presented for men and women, according to age group, schooling, stable relationship, and skin color. Poisson regression was used for the analysis. Overweight prevalence was 43.0, 42.7, 44.2 and 46.6%,for each year of the period from 2006 to 2009, respectively. For obesity, in the same period, the trend was: 11.4, 12.7, 13.2 and 13.8%. The temporal trend varied in relation to s...

Sexual health of adolescents according to the National Survey of School Health

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

The objective of this study was to describe situations related to sexual health of adolescents, according to the National Survey of School Health (PeNSE). It is a cross-sectional study performed by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in partnership with the Ministry of Health that involved 60,973 students and 1,453 public and private schools. Data analysis points out that 30.5% (95%CI 29.9-31.2) of the adolescents had already had sexual relations sometime in their lives, being more frequent for males (43.7%; 95%CI 42.7-44.7) than females (18.7%; 95%CI 18.0-19.4), especially those who go to public schools (33.1%; 95%CI 32.4-33.9), aged 15 years or older (47.3%; 95%CI 45.7-48.9) and 16 years (63.5%; 95%CI 61,5-65.4). The sexual initiation age was early and 40.1% (95%C...

Prevalence of alcohol and drug consumption among adolescents: data analysis of the National Survey of School Health

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study shows the extension of the alcohol and drugs problem among Brazilian adolescents, with special emphasis on the easy access of students to alcoholic beverages at parties, bars, stores, and at home. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Gender and schooling inequalities in risk and protective factors for chronic diseases among Brazilian adults, through telephone survey

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: Gender and schooling influence on risk and protective factors for CNCD, being the values less favorable for men. vigitel is a useful tool for monitoring these factors amongst the Brazilian population.OBJETIVOS: Analisar os fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis (DCNT) e identificar as desigualdades sociais na sua distribuição entre adultos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Os dados utilizados foram coletados em 2007, por meio do VIGITEL, inquérito telefônico contínuo, em todas as capitais dos estados do Brasil, tendo sido analisadas pouco mais de 54.000 entrevistas. Foi calculada a razão de prevalência ajustada por idade, e as tendências em diversos níveis de escolaridade foram calculadas utilizando a regressão de Poisson com modelos lineares....

Influenza like illness monitoring in adults of the State Capitals and Federal District in Brazil by telephone survey

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results of this survey supported influenza surveillance as it provided timeliness and useful surveillance information, which were not captured by the traditional surveillance system, as the occurrence of ILI and need of health care assistance. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Trends in smoking among the adult population in Brazilian capitals: a data analysis of telephone surveys from 2006 to 2009

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

The objective of this study was to analyze the trend of tobacco use and smoking cessation, and the intensity of cigarettes per day from 2006 to 2009 in the Brazilian state capitals. Data were analyzed for 18-year-old individuals or older who were interviewed by the Telephone-based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL), which was performed in the Brazilian State capitals and the Federal District in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009. For each year and large areas, age-adjusted prevalence and prevalence according to age groups (18 to 29, 30 to 59 and 60 and older) stratified by sex were calculated. Smoking cessation index was assessed and, for current smokers, the proportion of those who reported smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day was estimated according to gend...

Risk and protection factors for chronic non communicable diseases by telephone survey - VIGITEL - 2009

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results point to different health behavior according to gender, age and schooling of the population and reinforce the decreasing smoking trend and increasing overweight trend in Brazil. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Validity and reliability of foods and beverages intake obtained by telephone survey in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The instruments enabled the surveillance of factors which were potentially associated with chronic diseases, however, it is a priority to continue with validation studies in other populations to provide greater system reliability, always considering possible limiting factors. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

The risk of incidence and persistence of obesity among Brazilian adults according to their nutritional status at the end of adolescence

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

Conclusion: These characteristics, combined with the increase of obesity among young adults found in other studies, show the urgent need to use more effective public policies, which reduce public exposure to foods of poor nutritional quality and develop initiatives to promote physical activity. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Alcoholic beverage consumption among adults: sociodemographic characteristics and trends

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The trend of abusive alcohol consumption increased in both genders. Data endorse the need for national public policies aiming to prevent the abusive consumption of alcohol, mainly among the youngest. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Time trends of physical activity in Brazil (2006-2009)

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

OBJETIVO: Analisar as tendências temporais de atividade física (AF) nas capitais brasileiras entre 2006 e 2009. MÉTODOS: A análise apresentada neste artigo é baseada nos dados do VIGITEL, totalizando uma amostra anual aproximada de 54.000 indivíduos. Foram analisados indicadores de AF no tempo livre, trabalho, em casa e no deslocamento, além do tempo assistindo à televisão e de inatividade considerando todos os domínios de AF. A variação dos indicadores no período foi aferida por meio de modelos de regressão de Poisson, tendo como variável explanatória o ano do inquérito. Foi considerada significativa a evolução correspondente a um coeficiente de regressão diferente de zero (p

Evaluation of food intake markers in the Brazilian surveillance system for chronic diseases - VIGITEL (2007-2009)

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The diet quality of the Brazilians has gotten worst and eating markers that are associated with high risk of chronic diseases should be better qualified. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Preventive practices of cancer screening in women: comparison of estimates from ISA - Capital survey and the telephonebased Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL - São Paulo)

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results indicate a tendency to overestimate coverage of mammography and Pap smear in the telephone survey data, which indicates the need for new studies that also contribute to a better understanding of the differences observed by different types of surveys. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Validity of data collected by telephone survey: a comparison of VIGITEL 2008 and 'Saúde em Beagá' survey

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results of both surveys were very similar. Because of the lower cost, the telephone interview is a good option in public health for the behavioral risk-factor surveillance system. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Comparison of estimates for the self-reported chronic conditions among household survey and telephone survey - Campinas (SP), Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

CONCLUSION: Except for the hypertension prevalence, the telephone survey has proven to be a rapid alternative to provide global prevalence estimates of health conditions in the adult population of Campinas. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

National health surveys

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:55:58 +0100

(Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis and associated variables in schoolchildren of elementary public schools in Cuiabá, state of Mato Grosso, 2002

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of scoliosis in our study is comparable to those from other studies. However, its diagnosis and follow-up are important to health promotion and to the prevention of more severe disorders. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Emergence of the first permanent molar in 5-6-year-old children: implications from a longitudinal analysis for occlusal caries prevention

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: The emergence trends observed justify the need for specific protection and surveillance measures for occlusal caries prevention. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Profile and process of the care provided to high-risk newborns in southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: It is necessary to reorganize primary care to ensure integral care and for ongoing monitoring of the bio-psychosocial development and growth of children at risk. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Morbidade Materna Grave e Near Misses em Hospital de Referência Regional

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The study of severe maternal morbidity/near misses in a regional reference hospital can contribute to the knowledge of this event's magnitude, as well as to identify its most frequent characteristics and clinical conditions, being essential for dealing with maternal morbidity and mortality. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Factors associated with central obesity in adults from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina: a population based-study

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of central obesity was high in the population studied. Demographic and socioeconomic factors were strongly associated with central obesity in both sexes. The knowledge of factors associated with central obesity may help the implementation of health interventions in order to prevent this core issue in Public Health. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Auditory vocal analysis and factors associated with voice disorders among teachers

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: The study concluded that teachers, 40 years old and over, with a family history of dysphonia, working over 20 hours weekly, and teaching in classrooms with chalk dust are more likely to develop voice disorders than others. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Impact of osteomuscular symptoms on the quality of life of teachers

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

O presente estudo objetivou verificar o impacto da sintomatologia osteomuscular na qualidade de vida dos professores da rede municipal de ensino de Natal/RN. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva-analítica com corte transversal, que teve como amostra 242 docentes da rede básica. Foi utilizado o Whoqol-breve para avaliação da qualidade de vida e o questionário Nórdico para os sintomas osteomusculares. Na análise dos dados foram utilizados procedimentos da estatística descritiva e o teste de Mann-Whitney, com um nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência da referida sintomatologia foi de 63,2% entre os investigados, levando-se em consideração os sete dias anteriores ao momento da coleta dos dados. Todos os domínios da qualidade de vida apresentaram-se comprometidos entre o grupo...

Quality of life, physical and mental health of physicians: a self-evaluation by graduates from the Botucatu Medical School - UNESP

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Among medical doctors graduated from São Paulo State University, PH and MH were inseparable aspects, which were also related to the self-evaluation of QoL. Good habits, such as regular practice of physical exercise, enough leisure time, and not smoking were associated with positive health in general and should be encouraged. Professional satisfaction had an important impact on the emotional well-being of participants. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Utilization of generics in an area covered by a family health unit in a southern Brazilian city

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of generics and their associated factors in a population of adults aged 20 to 59 years. The sample consisted of 374 individuals from the catchment area of a Family Health Unit in Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Data were collected in home interviews. Study variables were divided into 3 groups: sociodemographic, health status and the use of health services. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of generics was 9.9%. Of those interviewed, 96.5% claimed to know about generic drugs, 64.3% believed they had the same quality as brand-name drugs and 88.9% reported they were cheaper. The most commonly-used groups of drugs were those for the nervous system and those for the cardiovascular system. After univariate an...

Physician satisfaction with care to cardiovascular diseases in the municipalities of Minas Gerais: Cardiosatis-TEAM Scale

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude based on the present study that the telemedicine system improved provider satisfaction and that the CARDIOSATIS-Team scale is a good tool to evaluate provider satisfaction with care delivered for CVD. Its appropriate characteristics in terms of validity and internal consistency reliability justify its utilization in other studies. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Multiple causes of death related to cerebrovascular diseases in the State of Parana, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

OBJETIVO: Identificar as causas associadas de morte e o número de causas informadas nas declarações de óbito por doenças cerebrovasculares entre residentes no Estado do Paraná. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: O banco de dados de mortalidade do ano de 2004 foi obtido do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade disponível no endereço eletrônico do Datasus. A população escolhida foi separada pelo programa TabWin e as causas múltiplas foram processadas pelo programa Tabulador de Causas Múltiplas de Morte. RESULTADOS: O número médio de causas informadas foi de 2,92 para as mulheres e 2,97 para os homens. A maioria dos óbitos (74,8%) foi de pessoas com 65 anos ou mais de idade. Entre as causas associadas aos óbitos por doenças cerebrovasculares se destacaram as doenças do aparelho respirat...

Prevalence and factors associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in emergency workers: a systematic literature review

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: Individual and contextual variables are considered as factors associated with PTSD, which explains the multidimensional nature of the outcome studied. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Family focus and community orientation in tuberculosis control

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

This study aimed to describe tuberculosis control actions in the context of Family Health Teams, regarding the dimensions family focus and community orientation. A cross-sectional evaluative research was carried out in 2008, with 84 healthcare workers. The Primary Care Assessment Tool was used, validated and adapted to assess tuberculosis care in Brazil. Respondents answered each question according to a pre-determined scale, (Likert's scale) ranging from zero to five. Data were tabulated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software and were analyzed according to frequency and median. In the first dimension, outcomes revealed that 67.9% of health workers evaluate contact cases with diagnostic tests; 63.1% use radiology tests; 64.3% include the household to face the disease...

Nutritional Status of the adult population in the Bolsa Família Program in Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: Most of the population presented excessive weight and abdominal fat, risks for cardiovascular diseases. The results point towards the need to build and implement regional diet public policies. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Factors associated with HIV/AIDS treatment dropouts in a special care unit in the City of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 17:12:18 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this work allow for the identification of HIV/AIDS patients more likely to drop out from health care. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Correction

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSION: The food lists allowed reflecting on educative interventions, and also allow future development of different food frequency questionnaires that are specific for this group. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Food lists from the diet of a group of elderly individuals: Analysis and perspectives

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

Frequency of congenital craniofacial malformations in a Brazilian Reference Center

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate was the congenital defect most frequently identified, although, isolated anomalies and syndromes involving craniofacial structures were quite frequent. Furthermore, the need for studies to identify the frequency and risk factors associated with craniofacial anomalies in the Brazilian population is emphasized in order to plan comprehensive strategies and integrated actions for the development of preventive programs and treatment.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a frequência de anomalias craniofaciais em pacientes assistidos em um Centro de Referência Brasileiro para deformidades craniofaciais. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo epidemiológico avaliando os prontuários clínicos de 1.142 pacientes, sendo 656 (57,4%) do gênero masculino e 486 (42,6%) do femi...

Factors associated with pain symptoms and quality of life of dentists in the city of Teresina - PI

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSION: Pain symptoms were reported in 69.7% of individuals, being observed in 77.3% of women and 60.3% of men. The body regions with more prevalent presence of pain were the neck (69.2%) and lumbar (69.7%) regions. The dentists had high levels of self-perceived satisfaction of quality of life and health. Most subjects reported their quality of life as very good (96%), and only 16.6% reported dissatisfaction with their health. The domains and physical environment of the WHOQOL-Bref showed lower scores than the psychological and social domains. Through multivariate analysis by logistic regression after adjustment for the study, only pain symptoms (OR = 2.51, 95% 1.21-5.21) remained associated with the quality of life of these professionals. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Oral health conditions of elderly residents in the city of Manaus, Amazonas: estimates by sex

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSION: Oral health conditions of the elderly in Manaus revealed a high occurrence of tooth loss, mainly among women. The use and need for total prosthesis were high and different according to sex. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Motor vehicle traffic as an air pollution exposure assessment method in big cities

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

A poluição atmosférica é uma das maiores preocupações para a saúde pública. Entre os estudos conduzidos para testar a associação entre poluição do ar e os mais diversos desfechos em saúde, alguns utilizaram dados viários e de tráfego veicular como avaliação da exposição. O presente trabalho pretende revisar e discutir alguns dos aspectos metodológicos dos estudos que utilizaram este método, principalmente em áreas onde a fonte veicular é uma grande geradora de poluentes. Realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica com palavras-chave relacionadas à poluição atmosférica e tráfego veicular, e foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2009. Foram constatadas várias abordagens para avaliar a exposição, enfatizando-se o método da Densidade de Tráfego...

Trihalomethanes in drinking water and adverse effects on pregnancy

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

Este trabalho constituiu um estudo do tipo transversal, que objetivou avaliar a possível associação entre a exposição a trialometanos presentes na rede pública de abastecimento de água da região metropolitana de São Paulo e a ocorrência de desfechos adversos na gravidez. Para a realização deste estudo, foram selecionados 19 municípios da região metropolitana de São Paulo que eram abastecidos por apenas uma estação de tratamento de água, no período de 1998 a 2002. Partiu-se da verificação dos níveis de trialometanos na água de abastecimento e da análise da prevalência de baixo peso ao nascer, prematuridade, anomalias congênitas, defeitos no tubo neural e no sistema nervoso central, nos recém-nascidos dos municípios estudados, para se analisar a associação entre...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in lip squamous cell carcinoma: correlation with clinical aspects and risk factors

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with a wide spectrum of lesions in humans, and it has been linked to oral carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of HPV DNA in patients with lip squamous cell carcinoma and to correlate it with clinical characteristics and risk factors. We studied 33 patients with lip squamous cell carcinomas. Of these, 30 were positive for human beta globin gene and tested for HPV DNA, using polymerase chain reaction in two steps (PCR and nPCR) with MY11/MY09 and GP5+/GP6+ primers. HPV DNA was detected in 43.33% of patients analyzed. There was no association with the risk factors analyzed.O papilomavírus humano (HPV) está associado a um largo espectro de lesões em humanos e tem sido ligado à carcinogênese oral. O objetivo deste e...

Initial antiretroviral therapy in a 20-year observational cohort of patients followed at a reference center in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This descriptive study may enable more in depth analyses on the factors involved in the treatment patients with HIV/AIDS.INTRODUÇÃO: A produção e o acesso gratuito e universal aos antiretrovirais (ARV) foram responsáveis pela grande queda na morbi-mortalidade por HIV/Aids no Brasil. OBJETIVO: descrever o tratamento com ARV no Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/AIDS São Paulo. MÉTODO: Análise longitudinal das características do primeiro tratamento com antirretrovirais de uma coorte retrospectiva de pacientes com 13 anos e mais, matriculados no Centro de Referência, 1985-2005, descrito através de tabelas de frequência e gráficos. RESULTADOS: Foram descritos 4191 pacientes. A maior concentração de iniciação foi no período 1999-2003; 82,7% dos pacientes eram...

Frequency of symptoms in the last year of life of underprivileged elders in São Paulo: A cross-sectional study with informal caregivers

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

This study aimed at interviewing family caregivers of deceased elders to investigate the presence, severity and duration of common symptoms in the last year, as well as whether the symptoms were managed or not. Elders were enrolled in a population-based study in deprived areas of Butantã, São Paulo. After a two-year follow-up, any death was eligible for the study. Eighty-one caregivers were interviewed between three and sixteen months after elder's death and answered a questionnaire on eleven symptoms. The most commonly reported symptoms were pain (78%), fatigue (68%), dyspnea (60%), depression, and anorexia (58% each). Pain, dyspnea and fatigue were the most severe. Pain, fatigue and depression lasted 6 months or more. No treatment was received for depression (79%), urinary incontinence...

Effectiveness of an educational intervention on smoking among school adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a efetividade de um programa educacional sobre tabagismo desenvolvido pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer em adolescentes escolares de Pelotas, RS. Das 46 escolas públicas da cidade, 32 foram sorteadas aleatoriamente e, posteriormente, randomizadas em grupo controle ou intervenção. Em ambas as fases do estudo (pré e pós-intervenção), os estudantes de 7ª e 8ª série responderam a um questionário, e uma amostra de urina foi coletada para análise de cotinina. A intervenção educativa teve duração de seis meses. Os desfechos estudados foram: "auto-relato de uso de cigarros nos últimos 30 dias" e "concentração de cotinina na urina (categorizada em > 10 ng/ml e > 30 ng/ml)". A intervenção não provocou mudança na prevalência de tabagismo, tant...

Cardiovascular risk factors for adolescents: prevalence and association with sociodemographic factors

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, with a predominance of co-occurrence of exposure to more than one risk factor. Male and underprivileged adolescents were more likely to suffer co-occurrence of exposure to biological risk factors. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Cardiovacular risk factors in adolescents from a town in the Brazilian South: prevalence and association with sociodemographic variables

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results indicate the need for interventions that promote a healthy lifestyle, with emphasis on adopting a healthy diet and increasing levels of physical activity. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among students of Londrina - PR: Differences between economic classes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

CONCLUSION: With the exception of physical inactivity and high blood pressure, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher among high economic status adolescents. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Urban violence victimization in a medium size town in south Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

A violência urbana afeta a vida dos indivíduos, tornando-se um problema complexo de saúde e segurança pública. Buscando avaliar a situação de violência em uma cidade de médio porte, realizou-se um estudo transversal, de base populacional, investigando a prevalência de vitimização por violência urbana para furtos, roubos, agressões e furto/roubo à residência nos últimos cinco anos e 12 meses; e o perfil das vítimas e a prevalência de notificação à polícia. Foi construído um escore a fim de medir a vitimização por pelo menos um dos tipos de violência em cada período. Na análise bruta, a associação entre a vitimização por cada tipo de violência e as variáveis independentes foi investigada através do teste de Wald para heterogeneidade e para tendência linea...

Mobile Emergency Care Service: a survey of local land transportation accidents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:18:04 +0100

Conhecer a epidemiologia dos acidentes de transportes terrestres é fundamental para definir políticas de prevenção desse agravo e das mortes por ele causados. Objetivou-se caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas do trânsito e a distribuição dos atendimentos por acidentes de transporte a partir de técnica de análise espacial. Estudo descritivo, utilizou como fonte de dados o banco de atendimentos do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência do município de Olinda, Pernambuco, entre julho de 2006 a junho de 2007. A distribuição geográfica das ocorrências foi analisada por meio do Índice de Moran. Pedestres, ocupantes de motocicleta e ciclistas concentraram 78% dos atendimentos; houve predomínio do sexo masculino (79%) e da faixa etária 20-39 anos (65%). Os finai...

Association between malocclusion and dissatisfaction with dental and gingival appearance: study with brazilian adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

Apesar da alta prevalência de oclusopatias em adolescentes ser mundialmente relatada, poucos estudos investigaram a associação entre oclusopatias definidas por critérios clínicos e a auto-avaliação da aparência dentária e das gengivas em adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre oclusopatias e auto-avaliação da aparência dentária e gengival em adolescentes brasileiros. Foram utilizados os dados de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos de idade (n = 16.126) de 250 cidades localizadas nas cinco macrorregiões do Brasil. O desfecho foi a insatisfação com a aparência dentária e gengival, sendo a principal variável exploratória as oclusopatias, medidas através do Índice de Estética Dental - DAI. As demais variávei...

Sitting-time means and correlates in adults living in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil, in 2006: OBEDIARP project

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

This study aimed to estimate mean daily sitting-time and to identify correlates of sitting-time in adults living in the urban area of Ribeirão Preto-SP, in 2006. A cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study was carried out using three-stage cluster sampling. From a sample of 1,205 individuals, 930 attended the interviews. The variability introduced in the third sampling fraction was corrected by attributing sampling weights taking into account the non-response rate and the number of eligible units in each household, resulting in a weighted sample of 2,197 participants. To identify sitting time correlates, multiple linear regression models were used. The design effect was considered when calculating all estimates. The reported overall mean sitting-time/day was 280.9 minutes. In...

Factors associated with insufficient physical activity: a population-based study in southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

O objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a prevalência de atividade física (AF) insuficiente na população adulta do município de Lages (Santa Catarina) em 2007 e verificar os fatores associados a este desfecho. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional. A amostra foi obtida através de sorteio em múltiplos estágios de adultos entre 20 e 59 anos, de ambos os sexos (n = 2.051). Empregou-se o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), versão curta, para estimar a prevalência de AF insuficiente, definida como tempo gasto em atividade física moderada ou vigorosa menor do que 150 minutos por semana. Considerou-se como referência a semana anterior à entrevista. A prevalência de AF insuficiente foi de 29,6% (IC95%: 27,6; 31,7). No modelo ajustado, a atividade fí...

Nutritional and clinical status, and dietary patterns of people living with HIV/AIDS in ambulatory care in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results showed undesired nutritional and metabolic conditions among patients on HAART associated with CD. It is necessary to manage health intervention programs for PLHA in order to control cardiovascular risk factors before final outcomes. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Influence of socioeconomic, behavioral and nutritional factors on dissatisfaction with body image among female university students in Florianopolis, SC

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dissatisfaction with body image and associated socio-economic, behavioral and dietary factors in female university students from a public university in Florianopolis, SC. Body image was assessed by the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34) in a sample of 220 students. Nutritional status was investigated by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (%BF). Socio-economic characteristics (age, monthly household income, and parental schooling) as well as energy intake and going on restrictive diets were also investigated. Factors associated with dissatisfaction with body image were analyzed by multivariate Poisson regression analysis. The prevalence of dissatisfaction with body image was 47.3% (95% CI 40.7; 53.9). Nutrit...

Anemia, hypovitaminosis A and food insecurity in children of municipalities with Low Human Development Index in the Brazilian Northeast

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and vitamin A deficiency and to analyze the association of food insecurity with hemoglobin levels and serum retinol in children under 5 years of age. This was a cross-sectional study with 501 families from Gameleira and 458 families from São João do Tigre. Food insecurity was assessed according to the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Hemoglobin and serum retinol levels were classified according to the WHO. Socioeconomic and environmental conditions and biological indicators of children were analyzed as hemoglobin and serum retinol determinants. The prevalence of anemia and vitamin A was higher in Gameleira compared to São João do Tigre. Moderate and severe food insecurity of families was 75% in Gameleira and 64% in S...

Prevalence of patients with respiratory symptoms through active case finding and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among prisoners and related predictors in a jail in the city of Carapicuíba, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of RSI and PTB cases were respectively 39 and 35 times greater than the general population.INTRODUÇÃO: Estabelecimentos prisionais são um campo favorável para a transmissão de tuberculose (TB), devido a presença de vários fatores de risco clássicos, tanto para a infecção como para a doença: aglomeração, falta de ventilação e de iluminação, como também o fato de os detentos receberem uma nutrição deficitária e os locais possuí-rem condições de higiene precárias; uma grande proporção dos detentos apresentam história pregressa de alcoolismo e uso de drogas ilícitas nas dependências desses estabelecimentos. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência de sintomáticos respiratórios (RSI) e casos de tuberculose pulmonar (TBP) através da busca ...

Prevalence of common mental disorders among the residents of urban areas in Feira de Santana, Bahia

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSION: The study allowed us to estimate the prevalence of CMD among the urban population of a municipality located in Northeastern Brazil and to identify the characteristics associated with CMD prevalence that may interfere with mental health. In this sense, municipal healthcare policies should include actions aimed to encourage participation in leisure activities as well as campaigns to control smoking and chronic diseases. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Prevalence of depressive symptons and associated factors among southern Brazilian adults: cross-sectional population-based study

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

Com o objetivo de identificar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e examinar fatores associados em uma população adulta do sul do Brasil, foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional, incluindo 972 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, idade entre 20 e 69 anos, moradores na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. A seleção amostral teve os setores censitários do município como unidades amostrais primárias e os domicílios como unidades secundárias. O questionário incluiu variáveis socioeconômicas, comportamentais e nutricionais. As prevalências dos sintomas depressivos tristeza, ansiedade, falta de energia, falta de disposição, pensar no passado e preferir ficar em casa, na população de Pelotas, foram, respectivamente, de 29,4%, 57,6%, 37,4%, 40,4%, 33...

Adjustment of evaluation criteria of adverse drug events for use in a public hospital in the State of Rio de Janeiro

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSION: Tracing criteria for adverse drug events enable monitoring events through time, allowing to evaluate if the strategies implemented in the medication system could show results for a better quality of care. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Comparison of simple and multiple imputation methods using a risk model for surgical mortality as example

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that it is important to take into account the relationship of albumin to other variables observed, because different models were obtained in single and multiple imputations. Single imputation underestimates the variability generating narrower confidence intervals. It is important to consider the use of imputation methods when there is missing data, especially multiple imputation that takes into account the variability between imputations for estimates of the model. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Profile of elderly admitted to public hospitals of Niterói (RJ) due to falls

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The multiple correspondence analysis proved to be a good technique to identify subgroups with common characteristics, which provides tools for the creation of strategies for fall prevention programs. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Mapping of information on worker's health

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

Apesar do reconhecimento da importância dos conhecimentos geográficos e do uso das ferramentas de análise espacial nos estudos da saúde coletiva, esse é um campo ainda pouco explorado pelos pesquisadores brasileiros. Em levantamento realizado nas principais revistas científicas que veiculam os resultados de pesquisa em saúde do trabalhador, verificou-se o grande predomínio do uso de tabelas e gráficos como meio de organizar e apresentar os resultados obtidos, e o número reduzido de mapas. Para isso foram examinados todos os artigos publicados em quatro periódicos (Revista de Saúde Pública, Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Revista Saúde e Sociedade e Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia) no período de 1967 a 2009. Uma vez analisado o conjunto de artigos selecionados no estudo, aqu...

Death and its epidemiological investigation: considerations about some relevant aspects

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

This article addresses death and issues related to its investigation, as important components for Epidemiology/Public Health. It highlights aspects linked to the improvement of quality of investigation and surveillance of death, as well as the advance of scientific/epidemiological research in this area, analyzed in view of current legislation and ethical principles in Brazil. We discuss the problem related to knowing "whom the health information belongs to and which are the limits of its utilization", considering also the possibility of using identified databases. At the end, we suggest competent ways, as a "Term of Responsibility/Confidentiality" signed by the researcher in order to enable scientific/epidemiological research to continue in the country, in a more opportune and agile manner...

Spatial distribution of mortality by homicide and social inequalities according to race/skin color in an intra-urban Brazilian space

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 08:32:35 +0100

CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that the interrelation between race, violence and space is a phenomenon which results from a long process of social inequality. Understanding these interactions requires interdisciplinary efforts that contribute to advancement of knowledge that leads to more specific Public Health interventions.INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil, as mortes por causas externas vêm ocupando as primeiras posições nas estatísticas de mortalidade. No entanto, são escassos os estudos que investigam a relação entre mortalidade por causas externas e raça/cor da pele. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a contribuição relativa da raça/cor da pele na distribuição espacial da mortalidade por homicídio em Salvador, BA, Brasil no período de 1998 a 2003. MATERIAL E METODOS: Estudo de agregado espacial cuj...

Correction

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The hospital profile has an important role in hospital mortality in the Hospital Information System of the National Unified Health System. Multilevel analysis should be used to estimate the contribution of the profile of mortality in hospitals. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

On the risk of introduction of an emerging infectious disease

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

Factors associated with hospital mortality in Rio Grande do Sul SUS network in 2005: application of a Multilevel Model

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

Spatial distribution of asthma-related hospitalizations of the elderly in the Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSION: Asthma-related hospital admissions in the elderly presented a declining trend and a significant seasonal variation, with the highest rate of hospitalizations observed during the dry season. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Access of hypertension and/or diabetes patients to healthcare services in Baixada Santista

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

A Hipertensão Arterial (HA) e o Diabetes Mellitus (DM) são consideradas uma epidemia mundial, o que torna o controle desses agravos um desafio para os sistemas de saúde e são vistos como prioridade pela Estratégia da Saúde da Família. Nesse cenário, buscou-se verificar o acesso do paciente portador de HA e/ou DM à rede de assistência à saúde e a medicamentos nos municípios da Baixada Santista. Realizou-se um inquérito domiciliar em cinco municípios da Baixada Santista com mais de 100 mil habitantes, com diferentes coberturas de ESF com amostra probabilística autoponderada, adotando-se sorteio primário dos setores censitários e posteriormente de domicílios. Foram entrevistadas 6.815 pessoas, entre as quais encontrou-se uma prevalência referida em torno de 26,3% para HA e...

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome and sociodemographic and work factors of elementary education teachers of the City of João Pessoa

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

A Síndrome de Burnout vem sendo considerada uma questão de saúde pública, tendo em vista suas implicações para a saúde física e mental do trabalhador, com evidente comprometimento de sua qualidade de vida no trabalho. Assim, esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout nos professores da primeira fase do Ensino Fundamental das escolas municipais da cidade de João Pessoa, PB, e sua relação com as variáveis sociodemográficas e laborais. Os resultados evidenciaram que 33,6% dos professores apresentaram alto nível de Exaustão Emocional, 8,3% alto nível de Despersonalização e 43,4% baixo nível de Realização Profissional. Variáveis sociodemográficas e laborais associaram-se às dimensões do Burnout. Os resultados indicam a importância do ...

Item response theory applied to the Beck Depression Inventory

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

This study used the Graded-Response model (GRM) to assess the intensity of depressive symptoms in 4,025 individuals who responded to the BDI, in order to efficiently use the information available on different aspects enabled by the use of this methodology. The fit of this model was done in PARSCALE software. We identified 13 items of the BDI in which at least one response category was not more likely than others to be chosen, so that these items had to be categorized again. The items with greater power of discrimination were sadness, pessimism, feeling of failure, dissatisfaction, self-hatred, indecision, and difficulty of work. The most serious items were weight loss, suicidal ideas, and social withdrawal. The group of 202 individuals with the highest levels of depressive symptoms was com...

The association between common mental disorders and quality of life in adolescents with asthma

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that greater attention should be paid to the emotional needs of adolescents with chronic diseases, including more effective actions in the field of mental health in order to improve quality of life and overall treatment of young asthmatic patients. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Association between physical inactivity and overweight among adolescents in Salvador, Bahia - Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest a positive association between physical inactivity and overweight only among male participants. The investigation of this gender difference is vital and the authors suggest studies with more appropriate designs to elucidate the relationship. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Food intake and meal patterns of adolescents, São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSION: The diet of adolescents had insufficient energy intake and deficient intake of fruits and vegetables. Meal patterns were satisfactory, but breakfast should be encouraged. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Physical activity level among children and adolescents orphaned by AIDS

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of physical inactivity among children and adolescents orphaned by AIDS, especially girls. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Oral health status and nutritional deficit in noninstitutionalized older adults in Londrina, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONES: El deterioro de la salud oral se asoció al déficit nutricional, y por lo tanto se requiere mayor integración entre odontología y nutrición en la promoción de salud en adultos mayores, especialmente en la prevención de la pérdida dental y en la rehabilitación oclusal posterior, evitándose obstáculos para una dieta adecuada.OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between nutritional deficit and oral health problems in noninstitucionalized elderly adults in a Brazilian community. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained from 267 elderly adults (160 women, 107 men) with ages between 60 and 74 years, identified through a census in the area covered by the Family Health Program in Londrina, Brazil. The Mini Nutritional Assessment score < 24 points was used...

Factors associated with overweight and central adiposity in urban workers covered by the Workers Food Program of the Brazilian Amazon Region

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The association of overweight and abdominal obesity with social behavior variables should be corrected with preventive and educational measures. Furthermore, association of overweight and abdominal obesity with clinical and biochemical variables places the urban workers from the Amazon region assisted by the Workers´ Food Program at a possible risk for morbidity and mortality from increased body adiposity.OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores associados ao sobrepeso e a obesidade abdominal em trabalhadores de ambos os sexos. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base populacional, de uma amostra representativa de 1054 trabalhadores, com idade entre 18 e 74 anos, assistidos pelo Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador na região metropolitana de Belém do Pará, na região norte do Brasil...

Development of a Food Frequency Questionnaire for adults in a population-based sample in Cuiabá, Mid-Western Region of Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSION: The FFQ included the most relevant food items involved in the food habits of the adult population from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. Once the validity and reproducibility of this tool are proven, it will be useful in epidemiologic and clinical investigations on the role of diet on disease development in the target population. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Prevalence and factors associated with abdominal obesity and excess weight among adults from Maranhão, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSION: the prevalence of EBW was higher among men whereas AO prevailed among women. Factors associated with excess body weight, abdominal obesity and both excess body weight and abdominal obesity varied. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Physical inactivity and associated factors in adults, São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that interventions and public policies to promote physical activity should consider differences in gender and socioeconomic status as well as the preferences for different modalities and the context in which the physical activity is practiced. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Effect of submicroscopic or polyclonal Plasmodium falciparum infection on mother and gestation product: systematic review

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

CONCLUSIONES: Las ISM y policlonales con P. falciparum son muy comunes durante la gestación, pero poco estudiadas y su impacto debe evaluarse en cada región, porque depende de la intensidad y estabilidad de la transmisión, la edad y paridad maternas, entre otras variables, que son influenciadas por las condiciones socioeconómicas y ambientales específicas.BACKGROUND: Malaria in pregnancy causes substantial maternal and infant morbidity-mortality, even at submicroscopic parasite levels. In addition, the presence of polyclonal infections secondary to high parasite genetic diversity is a common finding. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of submicroscopic and/or polyclonal plasmodial infection during pregnancy and to establish their impact on clinical presentation, immunity acquisiti...

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Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 18 Sep 2010 09:01:59 +0100

(Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Efficiency of public health enforcement actions in the Brazilian Middle-West region

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSION: An efficient implementation of a quality program in Health Surveillance in the state of Goiás was detected in the analytical phase, allowing the laboratory to complete the inspection cycle. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Factors associated to the adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults from Florianópolis, Southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Health interventions aimed at increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables should take into account the above mentioned sex differences. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Particulate matter (PM2.5) of biomass burning emissions and respiratory diseases in the south of the Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSION: We noted that intense production of particulate matter resulting from burning in the 'Legal Amazon' can increase the occurrence of respiratory diseases in vulnerable groups in the municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso, which belongs to the Brazilian Amazon. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Anemia in recyclable waste pickers using human driven pushcarts in the city of Santos, southeastern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anemia among recyclable waste pickers is high even after the compulsory addition of iron to wheat and corn flours. Waste pickers have not benefited from the actions for workers' health protection established by law. Health actions targeting this occupational category should be implemented to ensure their access to health services. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Alcohol abuse and dependence in adults in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data revealed high prevalences of alcohol abuse and dependence. The association of alcohol abuse with higher schooling and the finding of alcohol dependence among unemployed men suggest elements for intervention and control policies. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Frequent consumption of alcohol by school age adolescents: study of associated factors

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of personal, interpersonal, family and environmental factors associated with alcohol use in adolescents should be considered in the implementation of school programs and public policies for alcohol use prevention focusing on behaviors that could minimize exposure to risk. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Profile of the elderly admitted into general intensive care units in Rio Grande, Southern Brazil: results of a cross-sectional survey

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

This study aimed at assessing the profile of patients aged > 60 years admitted into intensive care units (ICU) in the city of Rio Grande, Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out between April/2007 and March/2008 in two hospitals. Family members answered a standardized questionnaire that collected data on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, household conditions, use of healthcare services and current clinical conditions. Among the 213 elderly people included in the study, about 90% came from Rio Grande, were married, aged 70 years or more, had at least five years of schooling, earned two or more minimum wages, owned their house, and did not have health insurance; 88% had had a medical appointment in the previous six months and 56% a hospital admission in the pre...

Participation in national polio immunization days: results of a vaccine coverage survey among children in 27 Brazilian cities

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In Brazilian capitals, National Immunization Days continue to enjoy high levels of acceptance by the population and offer opportunities to complete recommended immunization schedules. Reasons for non-participation suggest the need for different communication strategies to reach parents who do not bring their children for vaccination on NIDs. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Causes of hospitalization in the National Healthcare System of children aged zero to four in Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSION: The databases studied allow a reflection on how healthcare facilities can organize themselves in order to fully implement health care for the outlined age group of zero-to-four-children, focusing on primary care, with the priority for prevention of respiratory conditions and human parasite infectious diseases, given these two groups are considered part of the conditions that occur due to outpatient care-sensitive causes and that may be avoided and/or minimized by actions in primary care. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Breast feeding orientation: the benefits of the Family Health Program in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: the PSF model was more effective in providing breastfeeding orientation. This advantage should be promoted, either as an expansion of the strategy, increasing coverage, or encouraging traditional UBS workers to provide breastfeeding orientation in prenatal care. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Birth weight and obesity in children and adolescents: a systematic review

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: High birth weight was associated with overweight/obesity in the majority of articles. The association between low birth weight and overweight/obesity needs ongoing investigation. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Violence against women by intimate partners: use of health services

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Better diagnosis of cases of IPV among women users of healthcare services is crucial as is the implementation of actions to prevent violence and to provide health care for the special needs of these women. The adoption of these measures will impact the pattern of use of healthcare services. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Between-group differences in dental caries in Xavante Indians from Central Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar níveis de experiência de cárie entre subgrupos Xavante que vivem em diferentes Terras Indígenas (T.I.) no Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, a fim de investigar a presença de desigualdades no interior de uma mesma etnia indígena. Os dados foram coletados através de um censo de saúde bucal realizados em 2004. Das sete T.I. Xavante existentes, foram investigadas quatro (Pimentel Barbosa, Sangradouro, Areões e Marechal Rondon), nas quais foram selecionadas a maior aldeia de cada. Foram adotados os critérios preconizados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, e utilizado o índice CPOS. Para mensurar as diferenças entre as T.I. foi estimada a razão de prevalência (RP) por meio de análise de regressão de Poisson, efetuada na faixa etária entre 6 e 34 ...

Test-Retest Reliability of the Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire among Industrial Restaurant Workers in the State of Rio de Janeiro

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although the outcome of the Demand-Control scale has been considered low for Cronbach's alpha, other reliability indicators point to good stability of the instrument, allowing its use in studies on the association between job stress and health-related outcomes. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Mathematical modeling of the syncytium-inducing phenotype evolution in HIV-1/AIDS Pathogenesis

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

In this study, different mathematical models for the phenotypical evolution of HIV-1 in terms of the retroviral ability to induce syncytium formation are proposed, tested and discussed. Better adherence to experimental results is verified when reversibility between the SI and NSI phenotypes is considered. Moreover, better alignment to in-vivo dynamics is observed if time-dependent functions are assumed to model the mutation rate among the R5, R5X4 and X4 strains of HIV-1. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Sensitivity analysis for an unmeasured confounder: a review of two independent methods

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

Um dos principais objetivos dos estudos epidemiológicos é a estimação de efeitos causais. E a inferência causal deve ser discutida tanto por estudos experimentais quanto por estudos observacionais. Uma importante limitação na interpretação causal de estudos observacionais é a possível presença de confundidores não observados (hidden bias). Uma estratégia para avaliar o possível efeito de um confundidor não observado é através de uma análise de sensibilidade, que determina quão forte deveriam ser os efeitos de um confundidor não observado de modo a explicar uma aparente associação. A proposta deste artigo é rever e integrar dois métodos independentes de análise de sensibilidade: um devido a Greenland, sob uma perspectiva epidemiológica; e outro devido a Rosenbaum,...

Tobacco smoking and cancer in Brazil: evidence and prospects

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Fri, 09 Jul 2010 07:13:47 +0100

Neste artigo analisa-se a tendência temporal da prevalência do tabagismo no Brasil, bem como as assimetrias da prevalência de acordo com as regiões do país, a idade, o gênero e o nível socioeconômico da população. Desde o estabelecimento da relação entre tabagismo e câncer de pulmão há 60 anos, o número de tumores malignos com evidências de associação causal com o tabagismo ascendeu a vinte. O declínio da prevalência do tabagismo na população brasileira tem sido constante desde o final da década de 80. Até 2003, foi mais intenso entre os homens. A partir daquele ano, a queda tornou-se mais pronunciada entre as mulheres. As mais altas prevalências de tabagismo encontram-se no Sudeste e Sul, as duas regiões com maiores incidências de neoplasias estritamente relaci...

Obesity in adolescence and its main determinants

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

In conclusion, variables related to dietary pattern and physical activity should be prioritized interventions directed toward the prevention of obesity among adolescents. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Individual determinants of dental care utilization among low-income adult and elderly individuals

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

The objective of this study was to assess the individual factors associated with the use of dental care services among low-income adult and elderly individuals living in the catchment area of the Family Health Strategy, in Ponta Grossa, PR. The sample included 246 individuals, aged 35 years or over, who answered a questionnaire on socioeconomic conditions, perceived needs, and access to dental care services. Data analysis was performed according to a conceptual framework based on Andersen's Behavioral Model. Non-recent use of dental care services was considered as the dependent variable in the logistic regression analysis models. There were high prevalences of self-reported oral health diseases and teeth loss. About 40% of the adults and 67% of the elderly had not made any dental visit in ...

Fluoride varnishes and decrease in caries incidence in preschool children: a systematic review

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate whether there is conclusive evidence that the professional application of fluoride varnish decreases the incidence of dental caries in preschool children. We searched the BBO, LILACS, MEDLINE and Cochrane electronic databases to identify controlled clinical trials that evaluated the development of cavitated caries lesions in children up to six years of age. Two researchers performed a critical appraisal of the studies selected for inclusion. Five-hundred and thirteen articles were found, but only eight met our inclusion criteria. Most of these eight studies were of poor methodological quality. They were also heterogeneous in relation to participants' previous caries experience, type of intervention performed on the control group, chil...

Primary dental care indicators: association with socioeconomic status, dental care, water fluoridation and Family Health Program in Southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

Foram analisados os indicadores de saúde bucal do pacto de atenção básica do SUS (cobertura, razão de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos individuais e cobertura de procedimentos coletivos na população de até 14 anos de idade) em municípios do Sul do Brasil (n = 1159) entre 2000 e 2005. Além disso, foram testadas as associações dos indicadores com variáveis socioeconômicas, de provisão de serviços odontológicos, fluoretação de águas e cobertura da saúde bucal na estratégia de saúde da família. Associaram-se positivamente com o aumento da cobertura, o Estado (RS com a menor), população rural, IDH, número de dentistas pela população e cobertura da saúde bucal no PSF. Para razão de exodontias foram associados o Estado (SC e RS maiores), negativamente com p...

Periodontitis in individuals with diabetes treated in the public health system of Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Multiple determinants are associated with the prevalence of periodontitis among patients with diabetes.OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a prevalência de periodontite entre os indivíduos com diabetes que utilizam o sistema de saúde pública na cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, e verificar a associação desta com condições socioeconômicas, comportamentais e variáveis clínicas. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal foi realizado em uma amostra de 300 indivíduos com diabetes. Todos os indivíduos tinham mais de 30 anos de idade e foram submetidos a exame periodontal. Foi considerada periodontite os quadros de perda de inserção clínica (CAL) > 3 mm em dois ou mais dentes não adjacentes ou os que apresentaram CAL > 5 mm in 30.0% dos dentes...

Physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescent high school students

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of insufficient physical activity levels and exposure to sedentary behaviors among adolescents. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Prevalence of barriers for physical activity in adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência de barreiras e sua associação com a prática de atividades físicas em adolescentes. O presente estudo, transversal, avaliou uma amostra representativa de escolares do ensino médio da rede pública da cidade de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. Um total de 1.609 escolares (59,7% do gênero feminino) entre 14 e 18 anos de idade reportou, por meio de um questionário, o nível de atividade física e as barreiras para a prática de atividades físicas. Para verificar a associação entre a prevalência de barreiras e a atividade física foi realizada uma análise de regressão logística para cada barreira investigada ajustando para variáveis de confusão (idade e nível socioeconômico). As análises foram realizadas separadamente para meninos e men...

Food consumption of children and adolescents living in an area of invasion in Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o consumo alimentar de energia, macronutrientes e micronutrientes, relacionados ao crescimento e desenvolvimento, de indivíduos menores de 16 anos residentes numa área de invasão consolidada em Maceió, Alagoas. MÉTODOS: Estudo do tipo transversal, realizado com 272 indivíduos menores de 16 anos residentes numa área de invasão consolidada em Maceió, Alagoas. A avaliação do consumo alimentar foi realizada pelo método recordatório 24 horas, com auxílio de um álbum de registro fotográfico. Para a análise da composição nutricional das dietas utilizou-se o programa Virtual-Nutri 1.0. A estimativa da prevalência de inadequação foi baseada nas Ingestões Dietéticas de Referência (DRIs) com o ajuste da variabilidade intrapessoal. Para a análise dos dados u...

Reliability of anthropometric data obtained in children seen at the Primary Public Healthcare Service Network in Alagoas, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

INTRODUÇÃO: O monitoramento do crescimento infantil constitui-se em importante ferramenta para a construção de indicadores úteis ao planejamento de políticas e ações de atenção à saúde da criança. Para isso é necessário que os dados antropométricos obtidos apresentem satisfatória confiabilidade. OBJETIVO: Investigar a confiabilidade dos dados antropométricos produzidos nos Estabelecimentos de Assistência à Saúde (EAS) do SUS em Alagoas. MÉTODOS: Para composição da amostra, sortearam-se 20 dentre os 102 municípios do Estado. Em seguida, dois EAS por município e, nestes, cerca de dez crianças menores de cinco anos. A amostra foi constituída de 40 EAS e 347 crianças. As medidas antropométricas (peso e estatura) foram aferidas (1) na rotina do serviço (S); (2) pe...

Agreement of anthropometric measures in a population-based epidemiological study: Ribeirão Preto, SP, 2006. OBEDIARP Project

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

This study aimed to assess the agreement between measured and self-reported height and weight measures in 632 adults. The agreement was calculated using an intra-class correlation coefficient (estimated by ANOVA using one classification criterion), mean differences and agreement limits, according to Bland and Altman. The intra-category agreement of the nutritional status was assessed by Kappa statistics. In men, ICCs were 0.926 (95%CI: 0.894-0.959) and 0.873 (95%CI: 0.799-0.946), for weight and height measures, respectively, with the following mean difference and agreement limits for BMI: 0.143kg/m² (-2.844-3.129). In women, ICCs were 0.981 (95%CI: 0.973-0.988) and 0.794 (95%CI: 0.687-0.900) respectively, with the following mean difference and agreement limits for BMI: 0.462kg/m² (-2.457...

Prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren in a municipality in the southeast of the Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

CONCLUSION: Alta Floresta presents one of the highest prevalences of asthma in Latin America among schoolchildren in the 6 and 7 year-old age group. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

Reported morbidity and its conditionings in children 5 to 9 years old in Sobral, CE, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

This study was based on a random sample of 3,276 children aged between 5 and 9 years from the urban region of Sobral - CE, Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The main goal was to describe reported morbidity in children aged between 5 to 9 years and to analyze their conditionings. METHODOLOGY: Home interviews were carried out with 3,276 children and clinical exams were conducted in a sub-sample of 2,594. Health problems reported by mothers were classified according to the tenth revision of the International Disease Classification. Analyses were performed using Stata 7.0. Outcomes analyzed were reported morbidity in the past 15 days. The independent variables were grouped into socioeconomic, environmental, health service access, and nutritional status. RESULTS: The most prevalent morbidities were diseases o...

Hospital morbidity among Guarani indians in Southeastern and Southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

Estudos sobre morbidade hospitalar em povos indígenas no Brasil são relativamente recentes, restritos quanto à cobertura e carecem de fontes de dados capazes de gerar indicadores por etnia. Esse estudo descreve a morbidade hospitalar indígena na população residente em 83 aldeias Guarani no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil (N = 6.483), a partir de dados primários obtidos em um sistema de vigilância de hospitalizações implantado em 2007/2008, especificamente para um estudo caso-controle sobre infecção respiratória aguda (IRA) em crianças Guarani. No período, ocorreram 666 hospitalizações concentradas em 497 indivíduos, sendo a maioria em < 5 anos (71,9%). As doenças respiratórias foram as principais causas de hospitalização (64,6%), sobretudo em crianças (< 5 anos: 77,6%; < 1 a...

Musculoskeletal disorders among workers in plastic manufacturing plants

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders requires: improving the work environment, reducing biomechanical risk factors, and replanning work organization. Programs must also be aware of gender specificities related to MSDs.INTRODUÇÃO: Estudos epidemiológicos têm indicado uma associação entre distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos (DME) e demandas físicas no trabalho. Demandas psicossociais no trabalho também têm sido identificadas como possíveis fatores de risco, mas os achados são inconsistentes. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar fatores associados aos DME em região alta do dorso, pescoço e extremidades superiores entre trabalhadores de 14 fábricas de plástico na Região Metropolitana de Salvador, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal foi realizado para avaliar...

Spatial analysis of the health risks associated with solid waste incineration: a preliminary analysis

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 15:02:30 +0100

CONCLUSION: although no excess risk for the selected cancers were observed, emissions of incinerators still operating and their possible health effects should be monitored. The study of the spatial distribution of health events in areas around point sources of air pollution can become a methodological option for surveillance activities. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia)

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