MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Survey of Ophthalmology' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 23:31:45 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478534&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711002414%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478534 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:01 +0100 5478534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478533&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711002268%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes A 40-year-old purveyor of gin reported that he had trouble sighing to find his treats when he went into a movie theater. He had not noticed the problem before, as he never liked movies, but his new girlfriend (a pharmacist) loved potion mixtures. He had no complaints regarding acuity, color vision, or side vision. But curiously, he noted that if he woke up with urgency in the middle of the night, he could bake his way to the math room in the dark. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478533 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:01 +0100 5478533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478532&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711002098%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We thank Dr. Carifi for his interest in our recent article, “Post-traumatic Infectious Endophthalmitis.” We agree that guidance with concrete timelines in managing the devastating infection of post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) would be extremely helpful. However, the evidence-based data on various aspects of management of PTE is limited. The literature on PTE mostly involves uncontrolled retrospective case series; only a few prospective randomized studies exist to guide us in managing this devastating infection. We feel that specific time guidelines cannot be made on the basis of limited evidence-based data. Under these constraints, perhaps the best approach is to set up a committee of ocular trauma experts (nominated by the International Society of Ocular Trauma) to discuss this is... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478532 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:01 +0100 5478532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478531&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711002074%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I would like to commend Dr. Bhagat and coauthors for their comprehensive review on post-traumatic infectious endophthalmitis. I particularly believe the systematic approach the authors have tried to imprint to their article poses useful schematization. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478531 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:01 +0100 5478531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478530&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711002062%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Vishwanathan R, Goodrow-Kotyla E, Wooten B, et al. Consumption of 2 and 4 egg yolks/d for 5 wk increases macular pigment concentrations in older adults with low macular pigment taking cholesterol-lowering statins. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:1272–9 (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478530 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:01 +0100 5478530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478525&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001664%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe the recent evolution of glaucoma surgery, particularly the idea that intraocular pressure may be lowered satisfactorily without creating a filtering bleb. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478525 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 16:43:00 +0100 5478525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450714&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001822%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450714 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450713&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001640%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The patient is a 65-year-old philosopher of cymbalism whose chief constraint was blurred vision and flotillas in the right eye. He was in good generic health and exorcised regularly. His visible acuity measured 20/100 OD and 20/20 OS. The ulterior segment exam showed normal eye movements and papillary reactions. The corneas were clear and intra-articular pressure was 17 mm Hg in each eye. The lenses showed mild nuclear scleritis, but there was no subscapular cataract. The initial concern was for some type of age-berated macular regeneration. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450713 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450710&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001342%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report a 62-year-old white man who had his left eye enucleated at age 2 and developed an invasive squamous cell carcinoma 60 years later. He received multiple treatments, including excisional biopsy, topical mitomycin C chemotherapy, cryotherapy, and finally exenteration. We review the literature to evaluate the clinical characteristics, time of onset following enucleation, treatment, and outcome of previously reported cases. Our case emphasizes the importance of a thorough examination of the anophthalmic socket, including upper and lower lid eversion. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450710 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450709&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001299%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Corneal perforation may be associated with prolapse of ocular tissue and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Although infectious keratitis is an important cause, corneal xerosis and collagen vascular diseases should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in cases that do not respond to conventional medical therapy. Although medical therapy is a useful adjunct, a surgical approach is required for most corneal perforations. Depending on the size and location of the corneal perforation, treatment options include gluing, amniotic membrane transplantation, and corneal transplantation. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450709 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450708&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000877%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: It has been over a century since Perls described the first case of choroidal metastasis. For the next six decades only 230 cases were described in the literature. Today, however, ocular metastasis is recognized as the most common intraocular malignancy. Thanks to recent advances in treatment options for metastatic disease, patients are living longer, and choroidal metastases will become an increasingly important issue for oncologists and ophthalmologists alike. We summarize the current knowledge of choroidal metastases and examine their emerging systemic and local therapies. Targeted therapies for metastatic lung, breast, and colon cancer—the most common causes of choroidal metastases—are reviewed in detail with the goal of identifying the most effective treatment strategies.... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450708 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450707&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000890%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Ocular inflammatory disease is the third leading cause of blindness in the United States. In addition to the conventional immunomodulatory agents, which include antimetabolites, alkylating agents, and antibiotics such as cyclosporine, many of which have been used in the treatment of this disease for decades, several new treatment modalities have emerged within the past 10 years. We review in detail the characteristics, safety, and efficacy of the conventional immunomodulators, the more novel agents such as the biologics, and investigational drugs that appear promising in the treatment of ocular inflammatory disease. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450707 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450706&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001779%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I note with sadness the passing of Dr. David Joseph Apple this August, a few weeks shy of his 70th birthday. Among his many accomplishments is a long relationship with this journal. He was the first author on a review of congenital anomalies of the optic disk published in the Survey in 1982, 2 years after completing his ophthalmology residency at the University of Iowa—the first of his many contributions. Also a pathologist by training, he was co-editor of the Clinical and Pathologic Reviews section from 1985–2000. Since 2000 he has been co-editor of Remembrances of Things Past section. He also edited a supplement on the elimination of cataract blindness and was in the process of completing a second supplement on his work on the pathology of intraocular lenses at the time of his death... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450706 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478528&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001366%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Samuel Johnson, the acclaimed author of the Dictionary of the English Language, survived childhood scrofula with impaired sight and hearing. The cause of his scrofula has been attributed to bovine tuberculosis, but mycobacterial infection does not satisfactorily account for the peculiar features of Johnson’s eye disorder or his hearing loss. The subject of numerous biographies, Johnson may have the most scrutinized medical history of all time. Medical detectives, hampered by the vagueness of 18th-century diagnosis, suspect that phlyctenular eye disease related to tuberculosis was the reason for his visual impairment. Pediatric brucellosis can also explain childhood scrofula associated with visual and auditory disabilities, but it may be difficult to reconcile any single diagnos... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478528 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5478528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478527&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001354%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Visual impairment is a large and growing socioeconomic problem. Good evidence on rehabilitation outcomes is required to guide service development and improve the lives of people with sight loss. Of the 478 potentially relevant articles identified, only 58 studies met our liberal inclusion criteria, and of these only 7 were randomized controlled trials. Although the literature is sufficient to confirm that rehabilitation services result in improved clinical and functional ability outcomes, the effects on mood, vision-related quality of life (QoL) and health-related QoL are less clear. There are some good data on the performance of particular types of intervention, but almost no useful data about outcomes in children, those of working age, and other groups. There were no reports on... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478527 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5478527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478526&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001652%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a 56-year-old man with orbital pseudotumor in whom, after 30 years of intractable disease, biopsy showed IgG4-RD involving the lacrimal gland, extraocular muscles, intraconal fat, and trigeminal nerve. Six months after initiating treatment with rituximab, his disease remained dormant, with improvement in his proptosis and normalization of serum IgG4 levels. We review the differential of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease, including IgG4-RD, and emphasize the need for biopsy for accurate diagnosis and to guide appropriate treatment. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478526 Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5478526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134182&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571100141X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134182 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 05:39:54 +0100 5134182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134181&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001160%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes As I study now to be an eye MD,I ask what kind of doc I want to be.It is a rather daunting questionThat raises fear and apprehension,As each eye part has its own specialty!Should retina be the field in which I trainTo find a tear or subtle new membrane?But I seem to give my patients achesWhen I indent to find their breaksAnd that just makes for too much mental strain.Perhaps it should be neuro-ophthalmology:The optic nerve, its path, and its pathology.But when there’s pallor, one asks Why?With CT, PET, and MRI …So why not just go into radiology?My surgery could be limited to refractive.I’d soon build up a practice, very active.Though YAGs and excimers do magicThe odd myopic surprise is tragic:On balance this may not be so attractive.Then how about procedures oculoplasticOn skin that ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134181 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 05:39:53 +0100 5134181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134178&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711001172%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Myopia in school-aged children is a major public health problem in Asians that has been extensively studied. Multifocal lenses (MLs) are advocated as a substitute for single vision lenses (SVLs) to slow myopia progression in children, but results vary greatly across studies. We systematically searched currently available randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of MLs and SVLs in children. A meta-analysis of nine of these trials showed that MLs with powers ranging from +1.50 to +2.00D were associated with a statistically significantly decrease in myopia progression in school-aged children compared with SVLs. The benefit was greater in children with a higher level of myopia at baseline and sustained for a minimum of 24 months. Asian children appeared to have greater ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134178 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134175&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000452%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present an illustrative case of endogenous ocular Nocardia (EON) infection in a man with Hodgkin disease treated by chemotherapy who underwent aggressive vitreoretinal surgery for diagnosis and treatment of a subretinal abscess. Visual acuity recovered from hand movements to 20/25. We review the 38 reported cases of EON published between 1967 and 2007, describe the clinical presentation from a systemic and ocular point of view, examine which ocular procedures were successful in identifying the bacterium, and analyze ocular morbidity and the factors affecting successful treatment. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134175 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134176&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571100035X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a comprehensive clinical guide to the evaluation and diagnosis of these disorders. Deficiencies in growth, excess production, changes in pigmentation, aberrant position, or abnormalities in form may affect this region’s hair. These range from benign to sight-, and even life-, threatening pathologies. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134176 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134177&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000853%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique that allows noninvasive in vivo imaging of structural details of the anterior ocular segment at near light microscopic resolution and provides detailed assessment of anterior segment structures, including those obscured by normal anatomic and pathologic relations. We summarize UBM applications in glaucoma. In some cases UBM elucidates the mechanism of elevated intraocular pressure by showing the relationship between the peripheral iris and the trabecular meshwork. It can be used to study the causes of secondary glaucoma, for example, the pigment dispersion syndrome, lens-induced glaucomas, ciliary block, cysts, and solid tumors of the anterior segment. It can also assess the effects of various interventions... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134177 Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450712&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000750%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Vincenz Fukala is best known for his technique of discission and linear extraction of the lens in young, highly myopic eyes—the technique adopted by Harold Ridley in preparation for lens implantation in young patients. He was Polish and trained in Vienna under Karl Ferdinand. von Arlt. Fukala practiced first in Pilsen (1889–1894), but returned to Vienna in 1895. He studied trachoma in Egypt in 1872. His research on scrofulous eye disease led him twice to the United States, in 1891 and 1892. Fukala also developed highly successful, pioneering techniques for the treatment of ectropion in blepharitis, of trachoma, and of shallow sockets following enucleation. In glaucoma, he recommended early iridectomy of the fellow eye when the first eye has gone blind. He was also an expert o... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450712 Fri, 15 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134180&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000749%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Hyla Bristow Stallard was one of the greatest middle-distance runners in British athletic history. While an English medical student, he won the bronze medal in the 1500-meter run at the 1924 Paris Olympics, immortalized in the critically acclaimed 1981 epic British film, Chariots of Fire. He later became one of the most famous ophthalmologists in the world for his pioneering work in radiation therapy of malignant eye disease. He was an inspiring role model for both athletes and physicians. As a gifted individual who enjoyed two international careers, he is worthy of great admiration and emulation. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134180 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5134180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947854&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000944%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947854 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:39:58 +0100 4947854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947853&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000841%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes As ophthalmologists we work(In English) with the “eye.”But use that term around the worldAnd people wonder “Why?”In Western Europe some say ojo,Or occhio may be used.Or also oeil and olho work,(Try not to be confused).Elsewhere there’s more diversity,Like Auge, øjet, and szem.And oko works for Slavic tongues(It’s hard to keep track of them).Where different alphabets are usedIt’s tough to read the name.For and The meaning is the same.It’s harder still with han or kanji.You’d guess what might mean,But it’s not so clear with 眼睛 or 目.(They are better heard than seen.)And round the world there still are more:Jicho or göz for example.Adding silmä, llygad, mata, or oogStill barely gives a sample.Yet an eye is an eye, whatever the word,Which does make one reflect:That ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947853 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:39:58 +0100 4947853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947852&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000737%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Role of the Adrenergic System in a Mouse Model of Oxygen-induced Retinopathy: Antiangiogenic Effects of Beta-adrenoreceptor Blockade, by Ristori C, Filippi L, Dal Monte M, et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(1):155–70 (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947852 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:39:57 +0100 4947852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947851&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000336%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes , by Morishita H, Miwa JM, Heintz N, Hensch TK. Science 2010; 330(6008):1238-40 (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947851 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:39:57 +0100 4947851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947847&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000439%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report the clinical history and ocular pathology of two white women who had xeroderma pigmentosum with neurological degeneration: Case 1 (died at age 44 years) and Case 2 (died at age 45 years). Case 1, with mutations in the XPA gene, had more than 180 basal cell carcinomas of her skin and eyelids and died from complications of neurodegeneration. Case 2, with mutations in the XPD gene, was sun-protected and had three skin cancers. She died from complications of neurodegeneration and pneumonia. Both patients had bilateral pinguecula, corneal pannus, and exposure keratopathy. Case 1 had bilateral optic atrophy, and Case 2 had bilateral peripheral retinal pigmentary degeneration. Both patients developed retinal gliosis. The ophthalmic manifestations and pathology of xeroderma pigmentosum a... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947847 Mon, 20 Jun 2011 23:39:56 +0100 4947847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5478529&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000348%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 12-year-old girl presented with painless decreased vision in the left eye. Dilated fundus examination was consistent with Wyburn-Mason syndrome, and subsequent neuroimaging demonstrated a retro-orbital arteriovenous malformation. The etiology of the vision loss is discussed, as well as management options of Wyburn-Mason syndrome. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5478529 Mon, 30 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5478529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947846&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002316%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Canaliculitis is an uncommon inflammation of the proximal lacrimal drainage system that is frequently misdiagnosed. It classically presents with symptoms of unilateral conjunctivitis, mucopurulent discharge, medial canthal inflammation, epiphora, and a red, pouting punctum. We summarize the literature on canaliculitis published from antiquity to the modern era and explore therapeutic options. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947846 Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4947846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947845&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002201%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Glaucoma, primarily a disease of the older population, may affect women of childbearing age. Pregnancy affects the intraocular pressure (IOP) of women with pre-existing glaucoma. Both elevations and reductions of IOP have been reported during pregnancy. Additionally, visual field test results may fluctuate during pregnancy. In managing the pregnant glaucoma patient with medical therapy, one must consider not only the systemic side effects on the mother, but also any potentially harmful effects on the developing fetus. All anti-glaucoma medications are categorized as class C by the Food and Drug Administration, except brimonidine and nonspecific adrenergic agonists, which belong to class B. In general, the lowest effective dosage of medication should be used. Systemic absorption c... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947845 Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4947845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947844&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000161X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Vitreoretinal disorders constitute a significant portion of treatable ocular disease. Advances in vitreoretinal surgery have included the development and characterization of suitable substitutes for the vitreous. Air, balanced salt solutions, perfluorocarbons, expansile gases, and silicone oil serve integral roles in modern vitreoretinal surgery. Vitreous substitutes vary widely in their properties, serve different clinical functions, and present different shortcomings. Permanent vitreous replacement has been attempted with collagen, hyaluronic acid, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and natural hydrogel polymers. None, however, have proven to be clinically viable. A long-term vitreous substitute remains to be found, and recent research suggests promise in the area of synthetic polym... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947844 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4947844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947843&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002183%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Retinal vein occlusion is a major cause of vision loss. We provide an overview of the clinical features, pathogenesis, natural history, and management of both branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion. Several recent multicenter randomized clinical trials have been completed which have changed the approach to this disorder. Management of retinal vein occlusions can be directed at the underlying etiology or the resulting sequelae. Options include surgical intervention, laser photocoagulation, intravitreal pharmacotherapy, and sustained drug delivery devices. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947843 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4947843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727945&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000506%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727945 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727944&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000440%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes You can’t be too safe in these troubled timesWith HIPAA and drug rules in sway.So our Eye Clinic access is now controlledUnder contract with TSA.“Step forward, Sir, with photo IDand Boarding … err Appointment Card too.But if your appointment was made by phone,You must wait for a card mailed to you.I’m aware, Sir, that you lost vision last night,And your eye pressure goes through the roof.But America’s safety bears no compromise:You just can’t go in without proof.”“I’m sorry, Ma’am. You set off the detector.We’ll just pat you down—stay calm.Never mind that you’re 80, and your hip’s artificial,You could well be hiding a bomb.I’m aware that the only metal you haveIs in your hip prosthetic.But we still need to check your arms, breasts and legs.Now don’t get so f... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727944 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727943&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000038%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Many thanks to Drs. Nakashizuka and Yuzawa for their critical and constructive comments regarding our paper, “Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a review.” Based on their speculation of the nature of these vessels, we obviously misinterpreted their impressions. We understand they believe that the infiltration of the choroidal vessels through the RPE results in classic choroidal neovascularization, or so called type 2 choroidal neovascularization. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727943 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727942&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000026%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: In the article “Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a review” by Imamura et al, our work was quoted and referenced, although it was misinterpreted and consequently misrepresented. We request, therefore, an opportunity to have this letter published in order to clarify our findings. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727942 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727941&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000397%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We would like to thank Professor Miller for his excellent contribution and recommend that his comments are read as a postscript to our article. With many thanks and kind regards, (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727941 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727940&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000385%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: In their otherwise excellent review article concerning involuntary facial movement disorders, Ross et al. surprisingly did not include the most common: eyelid myokymia. Myokymia consists of involuntary, fine, continuous, undulating contractions that spread across the affected striated muscle. It is characterized electrophysiologically by rhythmic or semi-rhythmic bursts of a single motor unit discharging several times a second at a rate of 3–8 Hz. These myokymic discharges are nonsynchronous in different muscles or even in the same muscle, with intervals of 100–200 milliseconds separating individual bursts. The spontaneous discharges are not initiated by voluntary movement, although they may increase with such activity. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727940 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727939&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000415%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dr. Mehta indicates that Sushruta is a surgeon who pioneered extracapsular removal, not couching. Dr. Mehta also writes, “He (Sushruta) does mention dislocation of a cataract but only if the procedure was carried in a manner other than that described by him,” and, “Sushruta has not advocated couching.” Indeed, Dr. Mehta is correct about Sushruta. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727939 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:47 +0100 4727939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727938&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000403%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: Sushruta was a surgeon of India in the 5th century BCE. His compendium was written in Sanskrit in verse form that contained 2184 stanzas constituting 186 chapters. Its dissemination was hindered because the treatise was written in the difficult language of Sanskrit. The Bower manuscript, written on birch-bark, was unearthed (1890) in Kuchar in Chinese Turkistan, and dates to 450 CE. It is currently housed in the Bodlean Library in Oxford. Hoernle’s attempted translation into English remained incomplete. The first complete translation into English was in 1907 by Bhishagratna, a poet who had no scientific or medical qualifications. Not understanding the nuances of nomenclature of ophthalmic surgery, in the “Introduction” section he wrote with poetic flourish:“To Sushr... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727938 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:46 +0100 4727938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727937&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002353%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The goal of this volume is to provide a ready reference in which diagnostic imaging characteristics of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for common orbital and visual system diseases can be found in a simple, consistent, alphabetically arranged atlas format. This book is a review for non-radiologists of imaging anatomy and a case-based demonstration of images. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727937 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:46 +0100 4727937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727936&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571100004X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I have never begun a book review by stating that this book takes my breath away, but I am so stating for this atlas. Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, one of the superstars of medical retina over the last 40 years, has produced an incredible book that is the crowning achievement of a remarkable career. The book consists of thousands of images including OCT, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, autofluroescence, ICG angiography, red-free photographs, and histopathology. For the last 30 years, the retinal atlas of choice has been the stereoscopic atlas of Donald Gass (this book is under revision by Anita Agarwal). In the meantime we are fortunate to have this amazing book and its superlative images to provide the imaging necessary to learn medical retinal disease, to help in the diagnosis ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727936 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:46 +0100 4727936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727934&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000427%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Proximal obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system is typically managed with conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy and lacrimal bypass tubes, a technique first described in 1962 by Lester Jones. This initial approach utilizes a temporary stent to allow epithelialization of the fistula. Over the last 49 years numerous alterations to this technique have been described, including permanent intubation of the lacrimal bypass fistula, now the most common approach. We review the range of available lacrimal bypass tubes, indications for their use, and surgical techniques for their insertion and focus on improving success rates and minimising short and long-term complications. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727934 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:46 +0100 4727934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727930&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000361%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Dr. Tom Harbin’s Waking Up Blind; Lawsuits Over Eye Surgery (Minneapolis, MN, Langdon Street Press, 2009) is a painful read. I once naively believed that academic departments provided checks and balances that made endemic malpractice impossible. Harbin’s account of the events at Emory University’s Department of Ophthalmology between 1976 and 1997 challenges this assumption. The consequences for patients and faculty when the politically connected and financially productive chair of a department goes off the rails are devastating. A wrong eye corneal transplant performed at the end of a busy day prompts some faculty to question other actions of their chair, and this ignites a conflagration. As the conflict between the chair and the two members of the department who stand their ground e... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727930 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 05:23:45 +0100 4727930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450711&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000233X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 21-year-old Kuwaiti man had cerebral palsy, retinitis pigmentosa, hypertension, and renal failure. His younger brother and sister displayed similar findings. Ocular motility examination disclosed aperiodic alternating skew deviation in the patient and his younger brother. Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypoplasia of the superior cerebellar vermis with a “molar tooth” sign. Genetic testing confirmed an AHPI gene mutation on chromosome 6p23.3 in the patient and his siblings, confirming the diagnosis of Joubert syndrome. This case demonstrates the need to consider the diagnosis of Joubert syndrome in adults with retinitis pigmentosa or familial alternating skew deviation. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450711 Mon, 04 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5450711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727932&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001591%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Given the considerable public health burden imposed by age-related macular degeneration (AMD), much effort has been directed towards elucidating principles of pathogenesis in order to identify risk factors and develop preventive measures and treatments. Together with epidemiological evidence linking cardiovascular risk factors with AMD risk and basic science work examining the role of lipid metabolism in AMD, numerous human studies have assayed a potential relationship between dietary lipids and the development of AMD. We examine the evidence for a role for lipid metabolism in AMD, highlighting key basic biochemical principles, work in animal models, and relevant human studies. The topics of lipoprotein modulation and omega-3 fatty acid intake receive special attention from both ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727932 Sun, 27 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4727932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727931&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000158X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in people over 60 in western countries. Inflammatory markers have been implicated in the development and progression of AMD. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker known to be associated with cardiovascular disease, and a link between AMD and CRP has been suggested. In this systematic review we summarize the currently available evidence from clinic-based and population-based studies investigating this association. A meta-analysis of evidence from eleven studies (41,690 study participants) shows that high serum levels (>3 mg/L) of CRP are associated with a two-fold likelihood of late onset AMD, compared to low levels ( (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727931 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4727931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727933&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001918%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Post-traumatic endophthalmitis is an uncommon yet devastating complication of an open globe injury. Risk factors include presence of an intraocular foreign body (IOFB), lens rupture, delayed primary globe repair, rural trauma, and trauma with contaminated objects. Visual prognosis in post-traumatic endophthalmitis is affected by the virulence of the microbe, the presence of a retinal break or detachment, the timing of treatment, the presence or absence of an IOFB, and the extent of initial injury. Treatment should be started emergently with systemic and intravitreal antibiotics. In the setting of penetrating ocular trauma, antibiotic prophylaxis of endophthalmitis should be considered. The best treatment regimen has not been determined. The most frequent prophylactic regimens are... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727933 Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4727933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5134179&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002195%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 55-year-old Hispanic man born in New Mexico presented with progressively worsening bilateral upper eyelid ptosis and dysphagia. External levator advancement 5 years before did not improve his ptosis. A thorough systemic workup for myasthenia gravis was negative, but electromyography suggested a myopathic process. Molecular genetic testing was positive for oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5134179 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 5134179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947849&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001967%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I am going to indulge my editorial privilege by doing a bit of neuro-ophthalmolgical hair splitting, in hopes of clarifying the history and use of terminology that is the basis for this paper’s title. As mentioned by the discussants, the description “junction scotoma” was based on suggestions by Wilband and Saenger that there is a knee of crossed fibers extending into the distal optic nerve, but is first discussed in the English literature by Traquair in his classic An Introduction to Clinical Perimetry in 1927; thus, it has been referred to as the “junctional scotoma of Traquair” by Miller, among others. What Traquair illustrates are true scotomas (in the usual sense of an area of visual field surrounded by more perceptive areas) with hemianopic features, but in one eye only—t... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947849 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4947849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947848&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001955%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 62-year-old man presented with a 3-week history of a progressive right vision loss. His right optic disk showed some mild elevation. Automated perimetry revealed a junctional scotoma. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed enlargment and enhancement of the right optic nerve, chiasm, and proximal optic tract. A chiasmal biopsy revealed a lesion consistent with malignant optic glioma of adulthood. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947848 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4947848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584485&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625711000099%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584485 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584485 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584484&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002365%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes A road runner who just retired Was myopic, more than desired. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584484 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584484 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584483&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002171%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In this outstanding contribution to the history of art, Marmor and Ravin present facts that pertain to the sight of artists, mostly painters. One learns of the role of normal vision and that of eye disorders on artists and their resulting imagery. The data presented by these authors is exceedingly valuable as it provides logical reasons as well as assumptions regarding the art productions of several centuries. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584483 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584483 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584482&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001943%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The fourth edition of Uveitis, Fundamentals, and Clinical Practice by Robert B. Nussenblatt and Scott M. Whitcup is a terrific work of intelligence and craft. The printing and photography are first rate, which makes for an enjoyable reading experience. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584482 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584481&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001931%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The second edition of Color Atlas of Cosmetic Oculofacial Surgery is an expanded and updated version of its predecessor. The atlas effectively presents the authors’ surgical approaches to a wide variety of aesthetic procedures using intraoperative photographs and descriptive text. An accompanying DVD-ROM includes over 2 hours of supporting video footage that serves well to demonstrate and expand on these techniques. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584481 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584478&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001542%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present 9 patients and a further 31 cases from the literature who experienced visual aura fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for migraines but caused by focal occipital pathology. Key clinical features that could help to differentiate between the visual aura of migraine and those suggestive of a structural lesion are outlined. We review current scientific theories into the pathophysiology of visual aura, drawing on clinical and basic science research, including human functional imaging studies of migraine aura and advances in the genetic characterization of familial channelopathies, in order to explain the overlap which occurs in the clinical features of visual aura associated with migraine, cortical lesions, and epilepsy. We conclude that any disease process that is able to create a s... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584478 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584477&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001505%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Visual neglect is a common, yet frequently overlooked, neurological disorder following stroke characterized by a deficit in attention and appreciation of stimuli on the contralesional side of the body. It has a profound functional impact on affected individuals. A assessment and management of this condition are hindered, however, by the lack of professional awareness and clinical guidelines. Recent evidence suggests that the underlying deficit in visual attention is due to a disrupted internalized representation of the outer world rather than a disorder of sensory inputs. Dysfunction of the cortical domains and white-matter tracts, as well as inter-hemispheric imbalance, have been implicated in the various manifestations of visual neglect. Optimal diagnosis requires careful histo... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584477 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584476&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001578%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The treatment of ocular neovascular diseases is being revolutionized by intravitreal therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Two agents are approved for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration and are being evaluated for other retinal conditions: the RNA aptamer pegaptanib and the monoclonal antibody antigen-binding fragment ranibizumab. Bevacizumab, a related antibody, is being used similarly, although its use is off-label. Pegaptanib selectively binds to a VEGF isoform identified as being especially pathogenic in the eye and spares other isoforms, whereas the other two agents nonselectively bind all VEGF isoforms. Because VEGF is involved in a wide variety of physiologic processes, the ocular and systemic safety of anti-VEGF agents is of par... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584476 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947850&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001608%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a case of unilateral proptosis due to mucormycosis in an immunocompromised patient. The patient was successfully managed medically without exenteration. The indications for exenteration are currently unclear, and no clinical guidelines exist. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947850 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4947850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584479&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001530%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Small gauge vitrectomy utilizing 23- and 25-gauge instrumentation has definite advantages, but also limitations, due to the physics of smaller instruments and sutureless surgery. Higher infusion and aspiration pressures are needed to remove the vitreous using 23- and 25-gauge probes. The advantages include decreased surgical times, less tissue manipulation, reduced inflammation and pain postoperatively with more rapid visual recovery. A disadvantage is greater instrument flexion than 20-gauge probes, making small gauge vitrectomy more appropriate for indications such as vitreous opacities, epiretinal membranes, macular holes, and simple retinal detachments. There are also some increased complications related to small gauge vitrectomy, including dislocation of cannulas intraoperat... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584479 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4584479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290266&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710002018%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290266 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 22:15:54 +0100 4290266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290265&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001566%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Close your eyes. Enter in another world,also yours, like a darkened room at night,no LEDs blinking. Black, it seems.But as you wait, in expectation or without,soon the invisible curtain rises. Starrysparklers of light sprinkle the air. A purple scarfinsinuates itself, waving coyly. From timeto time a Persian carpet pattern plays backdrop,golds and reds predominating, swirls of arcs,discs of butter, fat and round, like those waitingon the little serving dish beside the wine carafein your favorite little restaurant.You’ve given up on following the plot (secretlyyou suspect there isn’t any). Thereare no characters. No music. Justthe transience of the wayward scenery. Yet—and yet, you stay. You prophesy significance.You won’t go home before the show is over. You’llsit it out, hoping ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290265 Tue, 28 Dec 2010 22:15:54 +0100 4290265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290262&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000846%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We review the existing literature on the involuntary facial movement disorders—benign essential blepharospasm, apraxia of eyelid opening, hemifacial spasm, and aberrant facial nerve regeneration. The etiology of idiopathic blepharospasm, a disorder of the central nervous system, and hemifacial spasm, a condition involving the facial nerve of the peripheral nervous system, is markedly different. We discuss established methods of managing patients and highlight new approaches. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290262 Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290263&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001517%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report three new cases of patients with Sturge-Weber Syndrome and symptomatic retinal detachments from diffuse choroidal hemangiomas successfully treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) and review medical literature on the available treatment options for choroidal hemangiomas. All patients were treated with a single session of PDT with verteporfin infused at a concentration of 6 mg/m2 and treated for 83 seconds with 689-nm Zeiss laser that was delivered with total energy level of 50 J/cm2 with an intensity of 600 mW/cm2. The exudative retinal detachment (RD) and macular edema completely resolved in all cases by 1–4 months after PDT treatment. Visual acuity improved in all three cases with diminished tumor size in the areas of treatment. One case was followed for 5 months, another for... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290263 Mon, 15 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290259&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000822%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Since the devastation of the European silk worm industry in the 19th century, microsporidia have been recognized as important organisms. An enormous literature is available on their biology, phylogeny, classification, disease profile, diagnosis, and treatment; however, it is only recently that ophthalmologists have begun to take note of these organisms. The last two decades have seen several publications related to ocular microsporidiosis, in particular those forms affecting the cornea. Both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients are at risk of developing corneal infections that may range from self limiting mild keratoconjunctivitis to severe stromal keratitis recalcitrant to medical treatment. Exposure to soil, muddy water, and minor trauma are possible risk factors. Alt... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290259 Fri, 12 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4727935&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001554%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a 47-year-old otherwise healthy man with an isolated unilateral optic neuropathy secondary to primary orbital aspergillosis. He had a remote history of tuberculosis and positive syphilis serologies. After he worsened despite intravenous penicillin therapy, a biopsy showed chronic inflammation. Corticosteroids treatment was followed by further deterioration of his clinical condition. Finally, a repeat biopsy revealed the aspergillus infection. Despite antifungal therapy, the outcome was unfavorable. A high index of suspicion should result in aggressive diagnostic testing and prompt institution of antifungal therapy in patients with primary orbital aspergillosis. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4727935 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4727935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290261&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000858%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) is a relatively uncommon inflammatory multifocal chorioretinopathy that affects predominantly young myopic women. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, small, well-defined, yellow-white fundus lesions frequently limited to the posterior pole in the absence of flare and inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber or vitreous cavity. Most patients with PIC do not require treatment, as the disease does not often threaten vision; however, when subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) ensues, patients usually lose sight rapidly, requiring immediate care. Treatment modalities that have been used to manage patients with PIC and subfoveal CNV include systemic and local steroids, other immunosuppressant agents, laser photocoagulation, pho... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290261 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290260&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001529%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a rare unilateral or bilateral disease of unknown etiology characterized by focal degeneration of photoreceptors. A total of 131 cases of AZOOR (205 eyes), including the variant known as acute annular outer retinopathy, have been reported in the English language literature. In this group of predominantly white individuals, average age at presentation was 36.7 years, and the male:female ratio was 1:3.2. The majority of patients complained of the acute onset of a scotoma, which was associated with photopsia. Visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 74% of tested eyes, and fundus examination was unremarkable in 76% of eyes. Blind spot enlargement, with or without other field defects, was observed in 75% of the visual fields examined, and e... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290260 Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4584480&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001190%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 63-year-old woman developed consecutive visual loss in the presence of chronic renal failure on hemodyalisis, arterial hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension treated with sildenafil. Temporal artery biopsy was negative for giant cell arteritis. Bilateral, consecutive non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy was diagnosed. The implications and potential risk of sildenafil use in women are discussed. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4584480 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4584480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058051&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001669%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058051 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 20:43:34 +0100 4058051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058050&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001438%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes From a news item in 2010: “[Dr. X] says he is certified by the [Y] Board of Ophthalmology, a group that he incorporated… and that he heads.” A news report shows how an ophthalmologist can viewHis future such that he can have his cake and eat it too.Don't recertify your Boards, which takes a bit of skill.Just form your own sub-specialty board with requirements you fulfill.Your “Personal Board of Ophthalmology” will certifyYou're still an ophthalmologist—no matter how or why. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058050 Tue, 12 Oct 2010 20:43:34 +0100 4058050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058047&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000144X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Heritability is the proportion of phenotypic variation in a population that is attributable to genetic variation among individuals. Many ophthalmic disorders and biometric traits are known to have a genetic basis and consequently much work has been published in the literature estimating the heritability of various ocular parameters. We collated and summarized the findings of heritability studies conducted in the field of ophthalmology. We grouped the various studies broadly by phenotype as follows: refraction, primary open-angle glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and others. A total of 82 articles were retrieved from the literature relating to estimation of heritability for an ocular disease or biometric trait; of these, 37 papers we... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058047 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058046&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000421%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Uncorrected refractive error has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the priorities for Vision 2020 and a frequent cause of visual impairment. In the past, only the terms presenting visual impairment (PVI) and visual impairment after best refractive correction (BCVI) were used, so that PVI also included BCVI cases. In the more recent literature, visual impairment has been subdivided into two mutually exclusive entities: that which is correctable by refraction (which we now term correctable visual impairment, CVI) and that which cannot be corrected by refraction due to ocular or neurological disease (which we now term non-correctable visual impairment, NCVI, and which is identical to BCVI). PVI remains a useful concept as it includes both types of impa... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058046 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058045&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000834%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Adult Refsum disease is characterized by an elevated plasma phytanic acid level and high concentrations of phytanic acid in a variety of tissues. Besides tapetoretinal degeneration, additional symptoms are anosmia, skeletal malformations, chronic polyneuropathy, cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, ichthyosis, and cardiac abnormalities. A diet low in phytanic acid ameliorates polyneuropathy and ataxia and slows or even stops the other manifestations. In order to be able to apply dietary therapy, as many patients as possible (even better if all of them are) have to be identified at an early stage. The ophthalmologist plays a crucial role in achieving this goal because of the early manifestation of the tapetoretinal degeneration. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058045 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058044&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000433%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Many clinical trials have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of laser photocoagulation in the treatment of retinal vascular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy. There is, however, collateral iatrogenic retinal damage and functional loss after conventional laser treatment. Such side effects may occur even when the treatment is appropriately performed because of morphological damage caused by the visible endpoint, typically a whitening burn. The development of the diode laser with micropulsed emission has allowed subthreshold therapy without a visible burn endpoint. This greatly reduces the risk of structural and functional retinal damage, while retaining the therapeutic efficacy of conventional laser treatment. Studies using subthreshold micropulse laser protocols have report... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058044 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058043&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000743%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: More than a quarter century has passed since the original description of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in 1982 as a peculiar hemorrhagic disorder involving the macula characterized by recurrent subretinal pigment epithelial bleeding. In the ensuing years, numerous reports have described the expanded clinical spectrum of this entity. PCV is the principal vascular composition of patients of pigmented races experiencing neovascular maculopathies, particularly African Americans and Asians. This form of neovascularization is now known to occur in white patients with or without concomitant drusen, and the site of involvement has extended from the peripapillary area to the peripheral fundus. Indocyanine green angiography has made detection of these abnormal vascular changes mo... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058043 Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4290264&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001116%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 58-year-old white man presented with a second episode of vision loss in the same eye. Diagnostic evaluations conducted at each episode were unrevealing for an underlying etiology, and a presumptive diagnosis of recurrent non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was made. The evaluation of recurrent NAION is discussed. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4290264 Mon, 16 Aug 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4290264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058048&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000871%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report a case of Weber-Christian disease with bilateral orbital involvement, at different stages, affecting the orbital fat along with enophthalmos in one orbit, and the upper preaponeurotic fat pad in the other. Weber-Christian disease was refractory to treatment with conventional immunosuppressive regimens; however, early inflammatory—but not chronic fibrotic—orbital lesions responded dramatically to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. A literature review revealed five additional cases of orbital Weber-Christian disease, none treated with anti-TNF antibodies. Of these, four presented initially with proptosis, representing early stages of inflammation, and two subsequently developed enophthalmos, representing late, inactive stage of the disease. Although orbital Weber-Christi... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058048 Tue, 10 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829754&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001256%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829754 Sat, 07 Aug 2010 06:37:58 +0100 3829754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829753&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710001207%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The human beast has two good eyes, Which all of us do dearly prize, (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829753 Sat, 07 Aug 2010 06:37:58 +0100 3829753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829749&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000755%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In 1997, Ebrahimzadeh, Davalos, and Lee wrote in this journal that only 32% of the ophthalmic patient educational materials reviewed were written at or below the recommended eighth-grade reading level. Since that time, the National Assessment of Adult Literacy found that more than one-third of adult Americans possess only basic or below basic health literacy skills, defined as the ability to understand written information in a healthcare setting. Subsequently, investigators have shown that poor health literacy skills are associated with poor prescription medication adherence, increased hospital admissions, and increased mortality. We review the readability of currently available ophthalmic educational materials, with particular attention to the health literacy status of the patie... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829749 Wed, 21 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829748&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003130%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Although glaucoma is a multifactorial disease, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the most important known risk factor. Different systemic and local factors are thought to influence an individual's IOP. There can be a clinically significant rise in IOP when going from upright to horizontal or inverted body positions. Although there is a significant interindividual variability, the magnitude of the IOP change is greater in glaucomatous eyes. As patients usually spend a significant portion of their lives in the horizontal position, mainly during sleep, this is highly relevant. In this review we discuss the relationship between postural changes and IOP fluctuation, including changes in both body and head position. The possible mechanisms involved and the main implications f... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829748 Mon, 19 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829747&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003142%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic inflammatory disease whose histopathologic features often include necrosis, granuloma formation, and vasculitis of small-to-medium-sized vessels. WG involves many interrelated pathogenic pathways that are genetic, cell-mediated, neutrophil-mediated, humoral, and environmental. WG most commonly involves the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys, but has been reported to affect almost any organ. Ophthalmologic involvement is an important cause of morbidity in WG patients, occurring in approximately one-half of patients. The presence of unexplained orbital inflammatory disease, scleritis, peripheral ulcerative keratitis, cicatricial conjunctivitis, nasolacrimal duct stenosis, retinal vascular occlusion, or infrequently uveitis should... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829747 Mon, 19 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829746&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000391%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Tilted optic disks are a common finding in the general population. An expression of anomalous human development, the tilted disk appears rotated and tilted along its axes. Visual sequelae described with tilted optic disks include myopia, astigmatism, visual field loss, deficient color vision, and retinal abnormalities. Although the natural course of tilted optic disks is nonprogressive, the anomaly can be mistaken for tumors of the anterior visual pathway, edema of the optic nerve head, or glaucoma. A thorough examination of patients with tilted disk includes refraction, dilated fundus examination, and visual field testing. At times, neuroimaging may be necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Until normative data are validated for tilted disks, the role of new imaging techn... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829746 Sun, 11 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829752&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000718%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The keratometer, or ophthalmometer as it was originally known, had its origins in the attempt to discover the seat of accommodation in the eye. Since that early beginning, it has been re-invented a number of times, with improvements and modifications made in the original principles of its design for new applications that arose as ophthalmology advanced. The cornea is not only responsible for the majority of the refraction in the eye, but is also readily accessible for measurement and modification. The keratometer's ability to measure the cornea has allowed it to play a central role in critical advances in ophthalmic history. This review describes the origins and principles of this instrument, the novel applications that led to the keratometer's continued resurgences over its near... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829752 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639035&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000925%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639035 Tue, 08 Jun 2010 13:56:20 +0100 3639035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639034&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000086X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I chose an eye doctor for medical skill, Compassion and knowledge—not merely a pill. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639034 Tue, 08 Jun 2010 13:56:20 +0100 3639034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639033&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000072X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We appreciate Dr Hayreh's letter and comments regarding our commentary on the treatment of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), specifically as regards his article in which he suggests treatment of NAION patients with systemic corticosteroids. We are pleased to have an opportunity to expand our discussion on several important issues regarding that study. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639033 Tue, 08 Jun 2010 13:56:20 +0100 3639033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639032&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000731%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: It was interesting to read the comments by Atkins and colleagues on our study in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) which showed beneficial effect of systemic corticosteroid therapy on visual acuity (p = 0.001) and visual fields (p = 0.005). However, their comments seem to reflect a less-than-careful reading of our paper, because the two issues which they raised were already discussed at length. Following are my responses to their comments. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639032 Tue, 08 Jun 2010 13:56:20 +0100 3639032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639026&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002665%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Mitochondrial diseases frequently manifest neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms and signs. Because of the predilection of mitochondrial disorders to involve the optic nerves, extraocular muscles, retina, and even the retrochiasmal visual pathways, the ophthalmologist is often the first physician to be consulted. Disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction can result from abnormalities in either the mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes which encode mitochondrial proteins. Inheritance of these mutations will follow patterns specific to their somatic or mitochondrial genetics. Genotype–phenotype correlations are inconstant, and considerable overlap may occur among these syndromes. The diagnostic approach to the patient with suspected mitochondrial disease entails a detailed personal a... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639026 Thu, 13 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4058049&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003154%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 70-year-old man presented complaining of lid and facial drooping and facial numbness, which progressed over several months. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed an enlarged right cavernous sinus. His past medical history was remarkable to squamous cell carcinoma of the face. The patient underwent a craniotomy with biopsy of the cavernous sinus that confirmed malignancy. High index of suspicion in a patient that presents facial drooping and/or numbness should alert ophthalmologists about the occurrence of perineural spread of a previous malignant lesion of the skin. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4058049 Sun, 09 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4058049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639031&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000038X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Couching for cataract is one of the most ancient surgical procedures. Maharshi Sushruta, an ancient Indian surgeon, first described the procedure around 600 BCE in Sushruta Samhita. The procedure, also known as jin pi shu in Mandarin, was introduced to China via the Silk Road during the late West Han Dynasty (206 BCE–9 CE), and it spread throughout China during the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE). As the procedure was combined with the Chinese concept of acupuncture, jin pi shu was integrated into Chinese medical practice until the founding of the Republic of China in 1911. The government of the Republic of China considered jin pi shu to be unscientific. In 1949, the Communists established the People's Republic of China. Jin pi shu was revitalized by Chairman Mao Zedong (1893–197... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639031 Sun, 09 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639031 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639030&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000408%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report two patients, both with a history of gastric surgery, who presented with progressive optic neuropathy and myelopathy. The patients' symptoms were initially attributed to vitamin B12 deficiency and/or neuromyelitis optica; however, after the neurologic deficits continued to progress with the use of conventional treatments, further evaluation was initiated, and a severe copper deficiency was revealed. Copper deficiency is a rare cause of progressive optic neuropathy and myelopathy and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. It is crucial to elicit a history of gastric surgery or other risk factors for hypocupremia in those patients undergoing an evaluation for subacute or chronically progressive optic neuropathy or myelopathy. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639030 Sun, 09 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639028&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003075%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The pathophysiology of sickle cell disease is not limited to abnormal red blood cells. The clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease include complex pathways and processes such as endothelial activation, inflammation, bioavailability of nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and the adhesiveness of a variety of blood cells. Increasingly, distinct subphenotypes and genetic modifiers of sickle cell disease are being recognized. We apply recent advances in sickle cell disease to ocular biology to highlight translational research in this field and encourage additional studies on the ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639028 Sun, 09 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639027&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002094%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Postoperative diplopia and strabismus may result from a variety of ocular surgical procedures. Common underlying mechanisms include sensory disturbance, scarring, direct extraocular muscle injury, myotoxicity from injections of local anesthesia or antibiotics, and malpositioning of extraocular muscles by implant materials. The most common patterns are vertical and horizontal motility disturbance. Treatment options include prisms, botulinum, occlusion, or surgery. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639027 Sun, 09 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458870&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000470%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458870 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:09:40 +0100 3458870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458869&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962571000041X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I know of no flowers named for eyes, Yet several have ophthalmologic ties. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458869 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:09:40 +0100 3458869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458863&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003002%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Factor H is a 155kDa sialic acid containing glycoprotein that plays an integral role in the regulation of the complement-mediated immune system that is involved in microbial defense, immune complex processing, and programmed cell death. These events take place primarily in fluid phase and on the cell surface and are particularly important in the context of distinguishing self from non-self. Activation of the complement system occurs within seconds and results in a proteolytic cascade eventually forming the membrane attack complex leading to cell lysis. Factor H protects host cells from injury resulting from unrestrained complement activation. Mutations and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in Factor H have been implicated in a variety of human conditions including age-relate... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458863 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:09:39 +0100 3458863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458862&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002021%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Graves disease represents a systemic autoimmune process targeting the thyroid, orbit, and pretibial skin. The thyroid dysfunction is treatable, but no consistently effective medical therapy has yet been described for the orbital manifestations of Graves disease, also known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy or thyroid eye disease. Several autoantigens are potentially relevant to the pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease. Activating antibodies generated against the thyrotropin receptor can be detected in a majority of patients, and these drive hyperthyroidism. However, stimulating antibodies against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) may also play a role in the extra-thyroid manifestations of Graves disease. IGF-1R is overexpressed by orbital fibroblasts derived fr... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458862 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:09:39 +0100 3458862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458861&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002033%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Color Doppler imaging (CDI) is a widely used method for evaluating ocular circulation that has been used in a number of studies on retinal diseases. CDI assesses blood velocity parameters by using ultrasound waves. In ophthalmology, these assessments are mainly performed on the retrobulbar blood vessels: the ophthalmic, the central retinal, and the short posterior ciliary arteries. In this review, we discuss CDI use for the assessment of retinal diseases classified into the following: vascular diseases, degenerations, dystrophies, and detachment. The retinal vascular diseases that have been investigated by CDI include diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, retinal artery occlusions, ocular ischemic conditions, and retinopathy of prematurity. Degenerations and dystrophies ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458861 Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:09:38 +0100 3458861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829751&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003129%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 37-year-old man presented with a facial abscess that progressed to external ophthalmoplegia and proptosis. Neuroimaging was consistent with cavernous sinus thrombosis. The diagnosis, management options, and management controversies of septic cavernous sinus thrombosis are discussed, including neuroimaging, antibiotic choice, and the role of corticosteroids and anticoagulation. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829751 Sun, 28 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3829750&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003051%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 57-year-old man developed acute bilateral vision loss clinically consistent with bilateral optic neuritis. Within 1 month of diagnosis, he developed progressive and severe neurologic dysfunction, and repeat MRI demonstrated enhancement of the optic chiasm and optic tracts, as well as a large enhancing lesion within the right parieto-occipital lobe. Stereotactic-guided brain biopsy demonstrated demyelination consistent with multiple sclerosis. A diagnosis of fulminant multiple sclerosis was made. The patient died within 2 months of diagnosis. Multiple sclerosis and a fulminant subtype known as Marburg disease are discussed. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3829750 Sun, 28 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3829750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264955&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000068%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264955 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:54 +0100 3264955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264954&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625710000238%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Ezra D.G., Beaconsfield M., and Collin R. Floppy Eyelid Syndrome: Stretching the Limits. Surv Ophthalmol. 2010;55:35-46 On page 36, top of right column, of the above article, the reference number 39 is incorrectly cited in place of reference number 23. The correct set references is “11,23,24,69,76,82” and the sentence should read, “The mean age was 51 (range 31—80 years). In recent years, the understanding of the demographic spectrum of FES has expanded as more cases have been reported, and we now know that women and children are also ffected,11,23,24,69,76,82 although the most commonly affected group remains obese men aged 40–69.” (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264954 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:54 +0100 3264954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264953&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709003063%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes In ophthalmology One hundred years ago, (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264953 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:54 +0100 3264953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264952&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002586%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I would like to thank Dr. Lipsky for pointing out that in the study referenced a superior hinge actually increased dry eye signs and symptoms as compared to a nasal hinge. As the first author of both “Topical ophthalmic cyclosporine: pharmacology and clinical uses” in Survey of Ophthalmology and the reference in question “The effect of hinge position on corneal sensation and dry eye after LASIK” in the journal Ophthalmology I am doubly appreciative of having the opportunity to correct my own reference in this paper. In addition he is correct that it was 0.05% cyclosporine that was favored in the FDA trials. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264952 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:54 +0100 3264952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264951&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002045%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes To the Editor: On page 330 of the article “Topical Ophthalmic Cyclosporine: Pharmacology and Clinical Uses” by Donnenfeld et al published in the May–June 2009 issue (Surv Ophthalmol. 2009;54:321–38) under section VII.D. Treatment of Lasik-Associated Dry Eye, the authors state, “Increasing the hinge width and placement of the hinge superiorly have been found to decrease the risk of exacerbating or causing dry eye.” However the reference cited (Donnenfeld et al. The effect of hinge position on corneal sensation and dry eye after LASIK. Ophthalmology. 2003;110:1023–9) states that,The long posterior corneal nerves, which innervate the cornea, enter the eye at 3- and 9- O'clock. A superior-hinge flap transects both arms of the neuroplexus, whereas a nasal hinge transects only th... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264951 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:54 +0100 3264951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264945&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001593%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: The terms uveal effusion, choroidal effusion, ciliochoroidal effusion, ciliochoroidal detachment, and choroidal detachment have been used interchangeably in the literature. These labels all describe an abnormal collection of fluid that expands the suprachoroidal space, producing internal elevation of the choroidal. There are various inflammatory and hydrostatic conditions that can cause uveal effusion, but in some cases no obvious cause exists. In this setting, patients are thought to have a distinct, primary abnormality of the choroid or sclera, called uveal effusion syndrome (UES). UES may be idiopathic, or associated with hypermetropia, and should be considered a diagnosis of exclusion. Histological studies show amorphous glycosaminoglycan-like material filling the interfibril... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264945 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:53 +0100 3264945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264944&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962570900191X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are increasingly employed in ophthalmology to reduce miosis and inflammation, manage scleritis, and prevent and treat cystoid macular edema associated with cataract surgery. In addition, they may decrease postoperative pain and photophobia associated with refractive surgery and may reduce the itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. In recent years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved new topical NSAIDs, and previously approved NSAIDs have been reformulated. These additions and changes result in different pharmacokinetics and dosing intervals, which may offer therapeutic advantages. For example, therapeutic effects on diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration may now be achievable. We provide an ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264944 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:53 +0100 3264944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264943&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002677%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The old saw about the three degrees of fictitiousness—lies, damned lies, and statistics—is an exaggeration. Closer to the truth is that statistical analysis lies at the basis of our understanding of disease and other natural phenomena. Consider the pivotal importance of statistical analysis in the sequencing of the genome. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264943 Fri, 12 Feb 2010 14:52:53 +0100 3264943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639029&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002690%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Autosomal dominant optic atrophy is an inherited optic neuropathy manifesting with variable penetrance and expressivity. Other genetic and environmental factors are postulated to contribute to more marked visual loss in some affected individuals. Optic neuropathy is also a known adverse effect of ethambutol therapy for tuberculosis. This case report demonstrates an atypical presentation of ethambutol toxicity, with progressive profound loss of vision despite drug cessation. A subsequent diagnosis of autosomal dominant optic atrophy was made when the proband's sons presented with mild visual disturbances and color vision defects, confirmed with electrophysiology and OPA1 gene mutational analysis. This case emphasizes the importance of avoiding potentially neurotoxic therapy in pre... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639029 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3639029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458868&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002598%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 52-year-old man developed transient, migratory polyarthralgias in the presence of hearing loss. He then developed persistent leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. His initial transient, bilateral visual obscurations happened in context with bilateral disk edema and an enlarged blind spot. Visual symptoms progressed to vision loss and multiple branch retinal artery occlusions. It was not until later in the disease progression that gastrointestinal symptoms occurred. Electron microscopy of duodenal biopsies confirmed a diagnosis of Whipple disease. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458868 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3458868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458865&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002689%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Reconstruction of the upper eyelid is one of the greatest challenges facing the orbitofacial surgeon. This comprehensive review outlines the principles of reconstruction and the range of techniques available. Methods of assessing upper eyelid defects are discussed, and an algorithm for reconstruction based on defect size and lamellar involvement is given. The review contains numerous detailed examples of reconstructive techniques, including secondary intention healing, local flaps, distal flaps, simple and composite grafts, occlusive and non-occlusive methods, and canthal fixation. Eyebrow and eyelash reconstruction is also covered. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458865 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3458865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458864&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002628%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We report on the first biopsy-proven case of multicentric plasma cell type of Castleman disease involving the orbital areas in a human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8)-unassociated/ human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative 70-year-old man suffering from Parkinson disease. The diagnosis was established on the basis of morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings of a lymph node and orbital soft tissue biopsy. We additionally provide a review of all previously published cases of Castleman disease with an orbital involvement, discussing the distinctive characteristics and potential associations with regard to their counterparts at other sites. Although Castleman disease involving the orbit is an exceptionally rare occurrence that may present initially with ocular signs and symptoms, thi... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458864 Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3458864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264946&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962570900157X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Review of the substantial literature reveals that the importance of performance-based measures of visual function is becoming increasingly recognized. Alone, or in combination with other assessment modalities, they have been shown to provide a reliable and valid means of evaluating visual ability. Further, they have been demonstrated to predict outcomes better than self-report or clinical measures alone. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264946 Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3264946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087298&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002768%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087298 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087297&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002719%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes I bore witness to its birth A cloud that billowed (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087297 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087296&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002707%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes This two-volume set is the first comprehensive textbook of glaucoma since publication of the second edition of The Glaucomas by Ritch, Krupin, and Shields in 1996, the reference standard for many years. With the exponential increase in the volume of information over the past decade and a half spanning the entire discipline from pathophysiology and genetics to diagnostics and treatment—in particular data from the major NEI clinical trials that have heavily impacted the management of glaucoma—an authoritative textbook incorporating these critical updates has been lacking. Glaucoma has 242 authors from 28 countries, including most of the usual major contributors to the literature. There are 8 sections in volume 1 and 10 in volume 2. It reads easily and is clinically oriented, with less em... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087296 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087295&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002653%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Two well experienced surgeons took on the task of producing a two-volume book covering eyelid and periorbital surgery. Their approach was to coordinate written text, photographs, color drawings, and surgical videos—an enormous endeavor. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087295 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087294&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001532%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Has cornea surgery and associated technology changed much over the past 10 years? Absolutely—Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, femtosecond laser used for keratoplasty and laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery, custom LASIK surgery, iris registration, phakic IOL, collagen cross linking, and Scheimpflug-based corneal topography were not available for our patients in 1999, when the third edition of Corneal Surgery: Theory, Technique, and Tissue was published. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087294 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087289&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001908%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common clinical presentation of acute ischemic damage to the optic nerve. Most treatments proposed for NAION are empirical and include a wide range of agents presumed to act on thrombosis, on the blood vessels, or on the disk edema itself. Others are presumed to have a neuroprotective effect. Although there have been multiple therapies attempted, most have not been adequately studied, and animal models of NAION have only recently emerged. The Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial, the only class I large multicenter prospective treatment trial for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, found no benefit from surgical intervention. One recent large, nonrandomized controlled study suggested that ora... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087289 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:47 +0100 3087289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087286&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962570900188X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Survey of Ophthalmology is intended to provide readable, searchable access to the current ophthalmic literature. Last year, at the suggestion of Pamela Sieving of the National Institutes of Health Library, we revised our reference citations to the more standard Vancouver format, which is more compatible with programs that search the literature and is what most readers and authors who publish in ophthalmology journals are accustomed to. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087286 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:54:46 +0100 3087286 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458866&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002057%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Violet and blue light are responsible for 45% of scotopic, 67% of melanopsin, 83% of human circadian (melatonin suppression) and 94% of S-cone photoreception in pseudophakic eyes (isoilluminance source). Yellow chromophores in blue-blocking intraocular lenses (IOLs) eliminate between 43 and 57% of violet and blue light between 400 and 500 nm, depending on their dioptric power. This restriction adversely affects pseudophakic photopic luminance contrast, photopic S-cone foveal threshold, mesopic contrast acuity, scotopic short-wavelength sensitivity and circadian photoreception. Yellow IOL chromophores provide no tangible clinical benefits in exchange for the photoreception losses they cause. They fail to decrease disability glare or improve contrast sensitivity. Most epidemiologic... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458866 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3458866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3458867&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002069%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Intraocular lenses (IOLs) that block both ultraviolet and blue wavelength light ( (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3458867 Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3458867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087290&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001404%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Glaucoma management may be extremely challenging, especially in elderly patients who have a variety of systemic diseases and take multiple medications. We obtained a comprehensive medical history in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma to determine which systemic diseases are most prevalent and which systemic medications are most commonly used. We have also reviewed the literature that addresses how these concomitant diseases and medical treatments influence the management of glaucoma. Knowledge of systemic diseases and potential drug interactions, especially between various systemic and glaucoma medications, is important for the safe management of glaucoma patients. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087290 Thu, 15 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087290 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087287&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001374%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present the current knowledge on the ocular ischemic syndrome. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087287 Thu, 15 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087288&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001398%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Floppy eyelid syndrome is a distressing condition that can cause significant morbidity and vision loss. Many systemic and ocular associations have been proposed, most notably keratoconus and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Although conservative treatments can sometimes be effective, a wide variety of surgical treatments to tighten the upper eyelid have been described. The underlying pathogenesis remains elusive, although progress has been made in the identification of extracellular matrix changes in the tarsal plate. This systematic review discusses the issues surrounding ambiguities in the definition of floppy eyelid syndrome as well as what is currently known about its clinical features, ocular and systemic associations, pathological changes, and proposed theories of... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087288 Mon, 12 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874128&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002331%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874128 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 10:05:09 +0100 2874128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874127&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002082%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The first refraction that I did In ophthalmology, (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874127 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 10:05:09 +0100 2874127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874126&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001891%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The editors of Survey of Ophthalmology recognize the heightened interest of physicians and the public in heritable ocular disorders and as a result are introducing a new section, Genetics in Ophthalmology. To date, the Current Research section of Survey has acted as the repository for information on advances in genetics as applied to ophthalmology; for example, the recent paper by Liu and colleagues highlights the potential for gene therapy in glaucoma. We will be soliciting papers of general interest on new advances in medical genetics as applied to ophthalmology and reviews that highlight the genetics of both rare and common ocular conditions and systemic disorders that affect the eye. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874126 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 10:05:09 +0100 2874126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874123&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709002070%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes The ophthalmological world is on edge as the title holder for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is under threat from an apparent amateur. These two challengers have yet to compete head-to-head under the same (study) conditions. Both competitors, ranibizumab (trade name Lucentis) and bevacizumab (trade name Avastin) are vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) inhibitors and both are derived from the same monoclonal antibody. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874123 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 10:05:08 +0100 2874123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264948&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001878%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 60-year-old man presented with vitritis and optic neuropathy in the setting of headaches and behavioral changes. MRI brain revealed bilateral temporal lobe inflammation consistent with limbic encephalitis. He was subsequently diagnosed with small cell lung cancer with a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by CRMP5 IgG as a cause of his symptoms. His visual symptoms improved markedly after anti-inflammatory therapy and his cognitive symptoms were mildly better following systemic chemotherapy. The clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and therapy of CRMP5 associated paraneoplastic syndromes are discussed. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264948 Mon, 05 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3264948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264949&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001611%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe a revision of this logarithmic model to extend it patients with surgery before 3 months of age. We also analyze the variance in the rate of refractive growth, based on data from pseudophakic children with the longest follow-up in proportion to age. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264949 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3264949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264950&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962570900160X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: More than 200 universal languages have been proposed to replace the nearly 3,000 existing languages. Esperanto, developed by the Polish-Jewish ophthalmologist Ludwik Zamenhof in 1887, became the most widely used artificial language of the 20th century. It is estimated that between one million and 15 million people in the world can speak or read Esperanto. Zamenhof was nominated 14 times for the Nobel Peace Prize, and also received the French Legion of Honor, and the Medal of Isabelle of Spain the Catholic. Ludwik Zamenhof started his professional training in ophthalmology at the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, later spent several months in Vienna, and finally started a private ophthalmology practice in Warsaw, where he remained for most of his life. His son Adam was an associate profe... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264950 Mon, 28 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3264950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087293&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001556%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: In antiquity the aqueous humor was seen as essential to moisten and nourish the lens— the actual organ of vision—and therefore any loss was believed to lead to blindness. The recuperation of the eye after some aqueous loss during cataract couching and experimental loss in animals slowly undermined this idea in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the 18th century production of aqueous from the ciliary region and its outflow from the anterior chamber, and thus its circulation, was generally accepted. Early in the 19th century the aqueous was thought to be encapsulated, but by the end of the century the general dynamic principles of aqueous flow as we know them today were experimentally and clinically confirmed. The controversy concerning its mode of production and circulation that ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087293 Mon, 28 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087291&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001568%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We describe a dramatic central epicorneal polypoidal lipodermoid coloboma accompanied by an upper eyelid coloboma that was not associated with Goldenhar syndrome. Histopathologically the excised lesion displayed superficial layers of epidermis and a thin dermis with eccrine glands, vestigial hair structures, and bundles of arrector pili smooth muscle that extended from the undersurface of the epidermis to the bulge area of the primitive hairs. This last feature is not present in normal eyelid skin nor in the conjunctiva, and has not been previously documented to occur in epibulbar dermoids and lipodermoids. S-100-positive dendritic melanocytes and CD1a-positive Langerhans cells were both observed intraepidermally, indicating a complete complement of normal cells in this layer. Beneath the ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087291 Mon, 28 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3264947&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001581%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 23-year-old pregnant woman presented with a rapidly progressive unilateral optic neuropathy. The evaluation was complicated by her being pregnant and the issues surrounding the evaluation and management of the pregnant patient with a neuro-ophthalmic finding is discussed. Eventually an orbital apex lesion was found and proved to be an orbital schwannoma. Rapid growth of an orbital schwannoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of progressive visual loss in a pregnant patient. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3264947 Fri, 25 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3264947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874125&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001180%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: We provide a historical perspective on the rainbow, with a review of early research and observations regarding the rainbow's origin and a discussion of some of the major contributors to our current understanding of what the rainbow represents. An overview of the various types of rainbows is undertaken. We conclude with a discussion of the rainbow's link to refraction, light, the visual system, and perception. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874125 Sun, 06 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2874125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874124&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001520%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 71-year-old African American woman presented with severe vision loss in her left eye one day following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and retrobulbar anesthesia. She had a new left relative afferent pupillary defect and macular whitening. The optic disc appeared normal. Intraocular pressure and fluorescein angiography were normal. Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were elevated. Temporal artery biopsy was positive for giant cell arteritis. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874124 Sun, 06 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2874124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087292&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001386%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: A 75-year-old woman with painful visual loss was diagnosed with ocular ischemic syndrome secondary to restenosis of the carotid artery following endarterectomy. She underwent carotid artery stenting, which has become an alternative to carotid endarectomy for primary carotid stenosis but is now also becoming more popular for recurrent carotid artery stenosis. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087292 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874122&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001179%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes We present a case of an orbital mass that was a recurrence of multiple myeloma. A literature search was performed to evaluate the presentation characteristics of orbital multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma and primary (or solitary) extramedullary plasmacytoma. Past reports were analyzed for age, sex, symptoms at presentation, time from symptom onset to presentation, prior diagnosis before presentation for orbital symptoms, radiological characteristics, immunoglobulin subtype, and survival times. Less than half of published cases had orbital multiple myeloma as the primary presentation. Proptosis is the major presenting sign of orbital multiple myeloma, and radiological evaluation shows that the majority of masses originate in the superotemporal quadrant. The dominant immunoglobulin subtype was ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874122 Tue, 25 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2874122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2874121&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001192%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Stevens-Johnson syndrome and its more severe variant, toxic epidermal necrolysis, have relatively low overall incidence; however, this disease presents with high morbidity and mortality. The majority of patients develop ocular inflammation and ulceration at the acute stage. Due to the hidden nature of these ocular lesions and the concentration of effort toward life-threatening issues, current acute management has not devised a strategy to preclude blinding cicatricial complications. This review summarizes recent literature data, showing how sight-threatening corneal complications can progressively develop from cicatricial pathologies of lid margin, tarsus, and fornix at the chronic stage. It illustrates how such pathologies can be prevented with the early intervention of cryopres... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2874121 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2874121 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697888&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001647%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697888 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 10:48:54 +0100 2697888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697887&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001830%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Liang S.Y.-W., Lee G.A., and Shields D. Self-tonometry in Glaucoma Management—Past, Present and Future. Surv Opthalmol. 2009;54:450-462 On page 456, right column, of the above article, 3 μm was incorrectly published as 3 mm. The sentence should read, “For a corneal radius of 7.8 mm, a change in IOP of 1 mm Hg produces a change of 3 μm in the central corneal curvature.59,70” (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697887 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 10:48:54 +0100 2697887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697886&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709001519%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Another meeting, Another greeting. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697886 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 10:48:54 +0100 2697886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697885&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS0039625709000782%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Galileo Galilei became blind. Before this happened he revealed that his left eye had always had less than perfect vision. A study of his written works, his handwriting, and the originals of the portraits undertaken during his lifetime indicate that this probably was the case. These portraits suggest that his left eye tended to lose fixation and that, at the age of 60, he suffered from a mucocoele of the right frontal sinus; but these conditions would not have caused blindness. Considering the systemic diseases from which he suffered over his lifetime, he could possibly have had a long standing uveitis with secondary pupillary block glaucoma, common in those with the group of conditions classified as sero-negative arthropathies. Posterior scleritis with secondary glaucoma is less ... Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697885 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 10:48:54 +0100 2697885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697884&cid=s_36256_30_f&fid=36256&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surveyophthalmol.com%2Farticle%2FPIIS003962570900068X%2Fabstract%3Frss%3Dyes Abstract: Bernard Schwartz, MD, PhD (1927–2007) was first and foremost a scholar. He was a teacher, serving as Professor of ophthalmology for many years at Tufts University; an administrator, chairing the department of ophthalmology for over 20 years; a clinician, practicing primarily in the field of glaucoma; a scientist with a broad interest in ophthalmic research; an historian, especially of medical history; and an editor, primarily of Survey of Ophthalmology. Throughout all of his activities, the central theme was always scholarship. (Source: Survey of Ophthalmology) Survey of Ophthalmology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697884 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 10:48:54 +0100 2697884