MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 09:43:48 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650573&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22294450%26dopt%3DAbstract This study characterizes AhMITE1s in peanut and discusses their use as DNA markers and mutagens for the genetics, genomics and breeding of peanut and its relatives. PMID: 22294450 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650573 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650573 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650575&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22286502%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the double-exponential prior and Student's t prior are modified so that the estimate of the effect for zero-effect QTL can be effectively shrunk toward zero. It is also found that the Student's t prior is virtually the same as the Jeffreys' prior, since both the shape and scale parameters of the scaled inverse Chi-square prior involved in the Student's t prior are estimated very close to zero. Besides the two modified Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm with use of the modified double-exponential prior is also adapted. The results shows that the three new methods perform similarly on true positive rate and false positive rate for QTL detection, and all of them outperform the Bayesian LASSO. PMID: 22286502 [PubMe... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650575 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5650574&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22286503%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we have developed 55 miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) markers that are based on the presence/absence of an element, with over 60% of these 55 MITE insertions associated with wheat genes. We then applied these markers to assess genetic diversity among Triticum and Aegilops species, including diploid (AA, BB and DD genomes), tetraploid (BBAA genome) and hexaploid (BBAADD genome) species. While 18.2% of the MITE markers showed similar insertions in all species indicating that those are fossil insertions, 81.8% of the markers showed polymorphic insertions among species, subspecies, and accessions. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis based on MITE markers revealed that species were clustered based on genus, genome composition, and ploidy level, while 47.13% ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5650574 Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5650574 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636007&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278178%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ingala L, López M, Darino M, Pergolesi MF, Diéguez MJ, Sacco F Abstract In the cross of the durable leaf rust resistant wheat Sinvalocho MA and the susceptible line Gama6, four specific genes were identified: the seedling resistance gene Lr3, the adult plant resistance (APR) genes LrSV1 and LrSV2 coming from Sinvalocho MA, and the seedling resistance gene LrG6 coming from Gama6. Lr3 was previously mapped on 6BL in the same cross. LrSV1 was mapped on chromosome 2DS where resistance genes Lr22a and Lr22b have been reported. Results from rust reaction have shown that LrSV1 from Sinvalocho is not the same allele as Lr22b and an allelism test with Lr22a showed that they could be alleles or closely linked genes. LrSV1 was mapped in an 8.5-cM interval delimited by markers gwm29... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636007 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636010&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274764%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rosewarne GM, Singh RP, Huerta-Espino J, Herrera-Foessel SA, Forrest KL, Hayden MJ, Rebetzke GJ Abstract Leaf rust and stripe rust are important diseases of wheat world-wide and deployment of cultivars with genetic resistance is an effective and environmentally sound control method. The use of minor, additive genes conferring adult plant resistance (APR) has been shown to provide resistance that is durable. The wheat cultivar 'Pastor' originated from the CIMMYT breeding program that focuses on minor gene-based APR to both diseases by selecting and advancing generations alternately under leaf rust and stripe rust pressures. As a consequence, Pastor has good resistance to both rusts and was used as the resistant parent to develop a mapping population by crossing with the sus... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636010 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636009&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274765%26dopt%3DAbstract We present SSR-based genetic maps from a cross between Miscanthus sacchariflorus Robustus and M. sinensis, the progenitors of the promising cellulosic biofuel feedstock Miscanthus × giganteus. cDNA-derived SSR markers were mapped by the two-way pseudo-testcross model due to the high heterozygosity of each parental species. A total of 261 loci were mapped in M. sacchariflorus, spanning 40 linkage groups and 1,998.8 cM, covering an estimated 72.7% of the genome. For M. sinensis, a total of 303 loci were mapped, forming 23 linkage groups and 2,238.3 cM, covering 84.9% of the genome. The use of cDNA-derived SSR loci permitted alignment of the Miscanthus linkage groups to the sorghum chromosomes, revealing a whole genome duplication affecting the Miscanthus lineage after the divergence of ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636009 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636008&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22274766%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Li J, Lindqvist-Kreuze H, Tian Z, Liu J, Song B, Landeo J, Portal L, Gastelo M, Frisancho J, Sanchez L, Meijer D, Xie C, Bonierbale M Abstract A large number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to late blight of potato have been reported with a "conventional" method in which each phenotypic trait reflects the cumulative genetic effects for the duration of the disease process. However, as genes controlling response to disease may have unique contributions with specific temporal features, it is important to consider the phenotype as dynamic. Here, using the net genetic effects evidenced at consecutive time points during disease development, we report the first conditional mapping of QTL underlying late blight resistance in potato under five environments in Peru. ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636008 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5636011&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22270148%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu X, Chen S, Yang J, Zhou S, Zeng L, Han J, Su J, Wang L, Pan Q Abstract The deployment of broad-spectrum resistance genes is the most effective and economic means of controlling blast in rice. The cultivar Er-Ba-Zhan (EBZ) is a widely used donor of blast resistance in South China, with many cultivars derived from it displaying broad-spectrum resistance against blast. Mapping in a set of recombinant inbred lines bred from the cross between EBZ and the highly blast-susceptible cultivar Liangjiangxintuanheigu (LTH) identified in EBZ a blast resistance gene on each of chromosomes 1 (Pish), 6 (Pi2/Pi9) and 12 (Pita/Pita-2). The resistance spectrum and race specificity of the allele at Pi2/Pi9 were both different from those present in other known Pi2/Pi9 carriers. Fine-scale ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5636011 Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5636011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617782&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22252442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Byers RL, Harker DB, Yourstone SM, Maughan PJ, Udall JA Abstract A narrow germplasm base and a complex allotetraploid genome have made the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers difficult in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). To generate sequence for SNP discovery, we conducted a genome reduction experiment (EcoRI, BafI double digest, followed by adapter ligation, biotin-streptavidin purification, and agarose gel separation) on two accessions of G. hirsutum and two accessions of G. barbadense. From the genome reduction experiment, a total of 2.04 million genomic sequence reads were assembled into contigs with an N(50) of 508 bp and analyzed for SNPs. A previously generated assembly of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) provided an additional source for ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617782 Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617782 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5617783&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22246313%26dopt%3DAbstract We report an effective strategy used to fine map BnMs4 and BnRf. The two genes were both defined to a common microsyntenic region with Arabidopsis chromosome 3 using intron polymorphism (IP) markers developed according to Arabidopsis genome information and published genome organization of the A genome. The near-isogenic lines 7365AC (Bnms3ms3ms4ms4Rfrf/Bnms3ms3ms4ms4rfrf) of BnRf and 736512AB (Bnms3ms3Ms4ms4RfRf/Bnms3ms3ms4ms4RfRf) of BnMs4 were constructed to screen developed markers and create genetic linkage maps. Nine polymorphic IP markers (P1-P9) were identified. Of these, P2, P3, P4, and P6 were linked to both BnMs4 and BnRf with genetic distances <0.6 cM. Three simple sequence repeat markers, SR2, SR3, and SR5, were also identified by using public information. Subsequently, all... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5617783 Sat, 14 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5617783 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594122&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22241480%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cárdenas PD, Gajardo HA, Huebert T, Parkin IA, Iniguez-Luy FL, Federico ML Abstract The extent of genome redundancy exhibited by Brassica species provides a model to study the evolutionary fate of multi-copy genes and the effects of polyploidy in economically important crops. Phytoene synthase (PSY) catalyzes the first committed reaction of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, which has been shown to be rate-limiting in Brassica napus seeds. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a single PSY gene (AtPSY) regulates phytoene synthesis in all tissues. Considering that diploid Brassica genomes contain three Arabidopsis-like subgenomes, the objectives of the present work were to determine whether PSY gene families exist in B. napus (AACC) and its diploid progenitor species, Brassica rapa (... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594122 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594122 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594124&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22234605%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to detect the best alleles for plant height and rust tolerance among three connected populations derived from elite material by comparing an analysis per parent and a multipopulation connected analysis. For the studied traits, 17 QTL were detected with the analysis per parent while the additive and dominance models of the multipopulation connected analysis made it possible to detect 33 and 21 QTL, respectively. Favorable alleles have been detected in all parents. Only a few dominance effects were detected and they generally had lower values than the additive effects. The additive model of the multipopulation connected analysis was the most powerful as it made it possible to detect most of the QTL identified in the other analyses and 11 additional QTL. Using ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594124 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594123&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22234606%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vu HQ, Yoshimatsu Y, Khrustaleva LI, Yamauchi N, Shigyo M Abstract To produce alien monosomic addition lines (AMALs) of Allium cepa (genomes CC, 2n = 2x = 16) carrying extrachromosomes from Allium roylei (RR, 2n = 2x = 16), reciprocal backcrossing of allotriploids (2n = 24, CCR) with diploids (2n = 16, CC) and selfing of a single allotriploid were carried out. The chromosome numbers in the BC(2)F(1) and BC(1)F(2) progenies ranged from 16 to 32. Forty-eight plants were recorded to possess 2n = 17 among a total of 169 plants in observation. Through the analyses of isozymes, expressed sequence tag (EST) markers, and karyotypes, all eight possible types of A. cepa-A. roylei monosomic addition lines (CC+1R-CC+8R) could be identified. Seven types of representative ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594123 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594125&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22231024%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 388 wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines from the U.S. Pacific Northwest were investigated for frequencies of Puroindoline D1 alleles and Pinb-2 variants 2 and 3. Results indicated that Pinb-D1b (74.0%) was the predominant genotype among hard wheats (N = 196), the only other hard allele encountered was Pina-D1b (26.0%). Across all varieties, Pinb-2v3 was the predominant genotype (84.5%) compared with Pinb-2v2 (15.5%). However, among 240 winter wheat varieties (124 soft white, 15 club, 68 hard red and 33 hard white varieties), all carried Pinb-2v3. Among spring wheats, Pinb-2v2 and Pinb-2v3 frequencies were more variable (soft white 25.0:75.0, hard red 58.2:41.8 and hard white 40.0:60.0, respectively). Kernel texture variation was analyzed using 247 of the 388 wheat ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594125 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594125 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594127&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228242%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bink MC, Totir LR, Ter Braak CJ, Winkler CR, Boer MP, Smith OS Abstract The common assumption in quantitative trait locus (QTL) linkage mapping studies that parents of multiple connected populations are unrelated is unrealistic for many plant breeding programs. We remove this assumption and propose a Bayesian approach that clusters the alleles of the parents of the current mapping populations from locus-specific identity by descent (IBD) matrices that capture ancestral marker and pedigree information. Moreover, we demonstrate how the parental IBD data can be incorporated into a QTL linkage analysis framework by using two approaches: a Threshold IBD model (TIBD) and a Latent Ancestral Allele Model (LAAM). The TIBD and LAAM models are empirically tested via numerical simulat... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594127 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594127 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594126&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22228243%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a corrected procedure ("M+") that outperforms M. An extensive coalescent simulation was performed to demonstrate more generally the retention of neutral versus selected allelic variation in core subsets assembled with M+. A negative correlation in level of allelic diversity between neutral and selected loci was observed in 42% of simulated data sets. When core collection assembly is guided by neutral marker loci, as is the current common practice, enhanced allelic variation at agronomically important loci should not necessarily be expected. PMID: 22228243 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594126 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594126 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5594128&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22222441%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 1,040 accessions from the publicly available United States Department of Agriculture tall fescue and meadow fescue germplasm collections were investigated. Sequence of the chloroplast genome-located matK gene and the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS) permitted attribution of accessions to the three previously known morphotypes and also revealed the presence of tall fescue sub-species of varying ploidy levels, as well as other closely related species. The majority of accessions were, however, identified as Continental hexaploid tall fescue. Analysis using 34 simple sequence repeat markers was able to further investigate the level of genetic diversity within each hexaploid tall fescue morphotype group. At least two genetically distinct sub-groups of ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5594128 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5594128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574877&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22218676%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sargent DJ, Passey T, Surbanovski N, Lopez Girona E, Kuchta P, Davik J, Harrison R, Passey A, Whitehouse AB, Simpson DW Abstract The linkage maps of the cultivated strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa (2n = 8x = 56) that have been reported to date have been developed predominantly from AFLPs, along with supplementation with transferrable microsatellite (SSR) markers. For the investigation of the inheritance of morphological characters in the cultivated strawberry and for the development of tools for marker-assisted breeding and selection, it is desirable to populate maps of the genome with an abundance of transferrable molecular markers such as microsatellites (SSRs) and gene-specific markers. Exploiting the recent release of the genome sequence of the diploid F. vesca, ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574877 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5574877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574879&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22215248%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lerceteau-Köhler E, Moing A, Guérin G, Renaud C, Petit A, Rothan C, Denoyes B Abstract Fruit quality traits are major breeding targets in the Rosaceae. Several of the major Rosaceae species are current or ancient polyploids. To dissect the inheritance of fruit quality traits in polyploid fleshy fruit species, we used a cultivated strawberry segregating population comprising a 213 full-sibling F1 progeny from a cross between the variety 'Capitola' and the genotype 'CF1116'. We previously developed the most comprehensive strawberry linkage map, which displays seven homoeology groups (HG), including each four homoeology linkage groups (Genetics 179:2045-2060, 2008). The map was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for 19 fruit traits related to fruit development, ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574879 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5574879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574878&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22215249%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to compare the efficiency of the FS-RRS and the FS-S(2)-RRS methods for improving grain yield. We found that the FS-S(2)-RRS method was successful for improving the yield of the population cross under optimum conditions (the regression coefficient over cycles was b = 0.87** Mg ha(-1) cycle(-1)) without losing yield under high pressure of MCB attack (b = 0.07). On the contrary, FS-RRS failed to improve the yield of the population cross under optimum conditions (b = 0.65) and tended to decrease the yield under high levels of MCB attack (b = -0.26). We conclude that for developing high yielding and stable varieties, FS-S(2)-RRS is more efficient than the classical FS-RRS method. PMID: 22215249 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and App... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574878 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5574878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5574880&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang K, Zhang W, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Zheng D, Zhou B, Guo W, Zhang T Abstract In a previous study, we observed that the variations in chromosome size are due to uneven expansion and contraction by comparing the structures and sizes of a pair of homoeologous high-resolution cytogenetic maps of chromosomes 12A and 12D in tetraploid cotton. To reveal the variation at the sequence level, in the present paper, we sequenced two pairs of homoeologous bacterial artificial chromosomes derived from high- to low-variable genomic regions. Comparisons of their sequence variations confirmed that the highly conserved and divergent sequences existed in the distal and pericentric regions, e.g., high- and low-variable genome size regions in these two pairs of cotton homoeologous chromosomes. Se... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5574880 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5574880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557587&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22204023%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang HF, Zong XX, Guan JP, Yang T, Sun XL, Ma Y, Redden R Abstract Genetic diversity and relationships of 802 faba bean (Vicia faba L.) landraces and varieties from different geographical locations of China and abroad were examined using ISSR markers. A total of 212 repeatable amplified bands were generated with 11 ISSR primers, of which 209 were polymorphic. Accessions from North China showed highest genetic diversity, while accessions from central China showed low level of diversity. Chinese spring faba bean germplasm was clearly separated from Chinese winter faba bean, based on principal component analysis and UPGMA clustering analysis. Winter accessions from Zhejiang (East China), Jiangxi (East China), Sichuan (Southwest China) and Guizhou (Southwest China) were quite ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557587 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557586&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22204024%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang M, Jiang N, Jia T, Leach L, Cockram J, Comadran J, Shaw P, Waugh R, Luo Z PMID: 22204024 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557586 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5557588&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22200919%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aimed to identify the role of the genes within the locus that includes a receptor-like kinase (RLK), a laccase and an ion antiporter. Used were near isogeneic lines (NILs) that contrasted at their rhg1 alleles, gene-based markers, and a new Hg type 0 and new recombination events. A syntenic gene cluster on Lg B1 was found. The effectiveness of SNP probes from the RLK for distinguishing homolog sequence variants on LgB1 from alleles at the rhg1 locus on LgG was shown. The resistant allele of the rhg1 locus was shown to be dominant in NILs. None of the recombination events were within the cluster of the three candidate genes. Finally, rhg1 was shown to reduce the plant root development. A model for rhg1 as a dominant multi-gene resistance locus based on the developmental control w... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5557588 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5557588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543662&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22198204%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Harloff HJ, Lemcke S, Mittasch J, Frolov A, Wu JG, Dreyer F, Leckband G, Jung C Abstract We developed two mutant populations of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) using EMS (ethylmethanesulfonate) as a mutagen. The populations were derived from the spring type line YN01-429 and the winter type cultivar Express 617 encompassing 5,361 and 3,488 M(2) plants, respectively. A high-throughput screening protocol was established based on a two-dimensional 8× pooling strategy. Genes of the sinapine biosynthesis pathway were chosen for determining the mutation frequencies and for creating novel genetic variation for rapeseed breeding. The extraction meal of oilseed rape is a rich protein source containing about 40% protein. Its use as an animal feed or human food, however, is limited... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543662 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543661&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22198205%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chhuneja P, Kumar K, Stirnweis D, Hurni S, Keller B, Dhaliwal HS, Singh K Abstract Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is one of the important foliar diseases of wheat that can cause serious yield losses. Breeding for cultivars with diverse resources of resistance is the most promising approach for combating this disease. The diploid A genome progenitor species of wheat are an important resource for new variability for disease resistance genes. An accession of Triticum boeoticum (A(b)A(b)) showed resistance against a number of Bgt isolates, when tested using detached leaf segments. Inheritance studies in a recombinant inbred line population (RIL), developed from crosses of PM resistant T. boeoticum acc. pau5088 with a PM susceptible T. mon... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543661 Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5543663&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186959%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carter AH, Garland-Campbell K, Morris CF, Kidwell KK Abstract Wheat is marketed based on end-use quality characteristics and better knowledge of the underlying genetics of specific quality parameters is essential to enhance the breeding process. A set of 188 recombinant inbred lines from a 'Louise' by 'Penawawa' mapping population was grown in two crop years at two locations in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and data were collected on 17 end-use quality traits using established quality analysis protocols. Using an established genetic linkage map, composite interval mapping was used to identify QTL associated with 16 of the 17 quality traits. QTL were found on 13 of the 21 wheat chromosomes. A large number of QTL were located on chromosomes 3B and 4D and ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5543663 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5543663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5523506&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22170431%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu Z, Zhu J, Cui Y, Liang Y, Wu H, Song W, Liu Q, Yang T, Sun Q, Liu Z Abstract Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. Wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is a valuable genetic resource for improving disease resistance in common wheat. A powdery mildew resistance gene conferring resistance to B. graminis f. sp. tritici isolate E09 at the seedling and adult stages was identified in wild emmer accession IW170 introduced from Israel. An incomplete dominant gene, temporarily designated MlIW170, was responsible for the resistance. Through molecular marker and bulked segregant analyses of an F(2) population and F(3) families derived from a cross between susceptible durum wheat line 81086A and IW... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5523506 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5523506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504087&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159754%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pastina MM, Malosetti M, Gazaffi R, Mollinari M, Margarido GR, Oliveira KM, Pinto LR, Souza AP, van Eeuwijk FA, Garcia AA Abstract Sugarcane-breeding programs take at least 12 years to develop new commercial cultivars. Molecular markers offer a possibility to study the genetic architecture of quantitative traits in sugarcane, and they may be used in marker-assisted selection to speed up artificial selection. Although the performance of sugarcane progenies in breeding programs are commonly evaluated across a range of locations and harvest years, many of the QTL detection methods ignore two- and three-way interactions between QTL, harvest, and location. In this work, a strategy for QTL detection in multi-harvest-location trial data, based on interval mapping and mixed model... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504087 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504086&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159755%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe the development and validation of a diversity arrays technology (DArT) platform for tomato using an introgression line (IL) population consisting of wild Solanum pennellii introgressed into Solanum lycopersicum (cv. M82). A tomato diversity array consisting of 6,912 clones from domesticated tomato and twelve wild tomato/Solanaceous species was constructed. We successfully bin-mapped 990 polymorphic DArT markers together with 108 RFLP markers across the IL population, increasing the number of markers available for each S. pennellii introgression by tenfold on average. A subset of DArT markers from ILs previously associated with increased levels of lycopene and carotene were sequenced, and 44% matched protein coding genes. The bin-map position and or... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504086 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504085&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159756%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of our research were to (1) estimate variance components and heritability for different traits relevant to biogas production in testcrosses (TCs) of maize, (2) study correlations among traits, and (3) discuss strategies to breed maize as a substrate for biogas fermenters. We evaluated 570 TCs of 285 diverse dent maize lines crossed with two flint single-cross testers in six environments. Data were recorded on agronomic and quality traits, including dry matter yield (DMY), methane fermentation yield (MFY), and methane yield (MY), the product of DMY and MFY, as the main target trait. Estimates of variance components showed general combining ability (GCA) to be the major source of variation. Estimates of heritability exceeded 0.67 for all traits and were even much greater in mo... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504085 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504084&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159757%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of our research were to (1) estimate variance components and heritability of LP for agronomic and quality traits relevant to biogas production, (2) study correlations among traits as well as between LP and GCA, and (3) discuss implications for breeding of biogas maize. We evaluated 285 diverse dent maize inbred lines in six environments. Data were recorded on agronomic and quality traits, including dry matter yield (DMY), methane fermentation yield (MFY), and their product, methane yield (MY), as the main target trait. In agreement with observations made for GCA in a companion study, variation in MY was mainly determined by DMY. MFY, which showed moderate correlation with lignin but only weak correlation with starch, revealed only low genotypic variation. Thus, our results f... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504084 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504083&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159758%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Satish K, Gutema Z, Grenier C, Rich PJ, Ejeta G Abstract Striga is a devastating parasitic weed in Africa and parts of Asia. Low Striga germination stimulant activity, a well-known resistance mechanism in sorghum, is controlled by a single recessive gene (lgs). Molecular markers linked to the lgs gene can accelerate development of Striga-resistant cultivars. Using a high density linkage map constructed with 367 markers (DArT and SSRs) and an in vitro assay for germination stimulant activity towards Striga asiatica in 354 recombinant inbred lines derived from SRN39 (low stimulant) × Shanqui Red (high stimulant), we precisely tagged and mapped the lgs gene on SBI-05 between two tightly linked microsatellite markers SB3344 and SB3352 at a distance of 0.5 and 1.5 cM, respe... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504083 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504082&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159759%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Girke A, Schierholt A, Becker HC Abstract Hybrid breeding relies on the combination of parents from two differing heterotic groups. However, the genetic diversity in adapted oilseed rape breeding material is rather limited. Therefore, the use of resynthesized Brassica napus as a distant gene pool was investigated. Hybrids were derived from crosses between 44 resynthesized lines with a diverse genetic background and two male sterile winter oilseed rape tester lines. The hybrids were evaluated together with their parents and check cultivars in 2 years and five locations in Germany. Yield, plant height, seed oil, and protein content were monitored, and genetic distances were estimated with molecular markers (127 polymorphic RFLP fragments). Resynthesized lines varied in yiel... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504082 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504081&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22159825%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie W, Ben-David R, Zeng B, Distelfeld A, Röder MS, Dinoor A, Fahima T Abstract Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide. Wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, the tetraploid ancestor (AABB) of domesticated bread and durum wheat, harbors many important alleles for resistance to various diseases, including powdery mildew. In the current study, two tetraploid wheat mapping populations, derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. Langdon) and wild emmer wheat (accession G-305-3M), were used to identify and map a novel powdery mildew resistance gene. Wild emmer accession G-305-3M was resistant to all 47 Bgt isolates tested, from Israel and Switzerland. Segregation ratios of F(2) pr... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504081 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504081 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504088&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22146986%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferreira JJ, Campa A, Pérez-Vega E, Rodríguez-Suárez C, Giraldez R Abstract Anthracnose and bean common mosaic (BCM) are considered major diseases in common bean crop causing severe yield losses worldwide. This work describes the introgression and pyramiding of genes conferring genetic resistance to BCM and anthracnose local races into line A25, a bean genotype classified as market class fabada. Resistant plants were selected using resistance tests or combining resistance tests and marker-assisted selection. Lines A252, A321, A493, Sanilac BC6-Are, and BRB130 were used as resistance sources. Resistance genes to anthracnose (Co-2 ( C ), Co-2 ( A252 ) and Co-3/9) and/or BCM (I and bc-3) were introgressed in l... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504088 Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504089&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22143275%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Biruma M, Martin T, Fridborg I, Okori P, Dixelius C Abstract The aim of this work was to identify plant resistance genes to the sorghum anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum sublineolum. cDNA-AFLP transcript profiling on two contrasting sorghum genotypes inoculated with C. sublineolum generated about 3,000 informative fragments. In a final set of 126 sequenced genes, 15 were identified as biotic stress related. Seven of the plant-derived genes were selected for functional analysis using a Brome mosaic virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system followed by fungal inoculation and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The candidate set comprised genes encoding resistance proteins (Cs1A, Cs2A), a lipid transfer protein (SbLTP1), a zinc finger-like transcription factor (... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504089 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5504090&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22139140%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, however, a HL-type hybrid variety named HongLian You6 had approximately 75% normal (viable) pollen rather than the expected 50%. To resolve this discrepancy, several fertility segregation populations, including F(2) and BC(1)F(1) derived from the HL-CMS line Yuetai A crossed with the restorer line 9311, were constructed and subjected to genetic analysis. A gametophytic restoration model was discovered to involve two non-allelic nuclear restorer genes, Rf5 and Rf6. The Rf5 had been previously identified using a positional clone strategy. The Rf6 gene represents a new restorer gene locus, which was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 8. The hybrid F(1) plants containing one restorer gene, either Rf5 or Rf6, displayed 50% normal pollen grains with I(2)-KI solution; however, t... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5504090 Sun, 04 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5504090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469587&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22120455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xiao L, Zhao Z, Du D, Yao Y, Xu L, Tang G Abstract The development of yellow-seeded cultivars in Brassica rapa (B. rapa) would improve the quality and quantity of available oil. The identification and mapping of the seed coat color gene may aid in the development of yellow-seeded cultivars and facilitate introgression of the yellow-seeded gene into desirable Brassica napus (B. napus) lines through marker-assisted selection. In the current study, we investigated the inheritance of a yellow-seeded landrace in B. rapa, "Dahuang", originating from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Genetic analysis revealed that the phenotype of the yellow-seeded trait in Dahuang is controlled by one recessive gene, termed Brsc1. Mapping of the Brsc1 gene was subsequently conducted in a BC(1) popula... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469587 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469589&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113590%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, our aim was to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling plant N nutrition using a simple framework of carbon/N plant functioning stemming from crop physiology. This framework was based on efficiency variables which delineated the plant's efficiency to take up and process carbon and N resources. A recombinant inbred line population (LR4) was grown in a glasshouse experiment under two contrasting nitrate concentrations. At low nitrate, symbiotic N(2) fixation was the main N source for plant growth and a QTL with a large effect located on linkage group (LG) 8 affected all the traits. Significantly, efficiency variables were necessary both to precisely localize a second QTL on LG5 and to detect a third QTL involved in epistatic interactions on LG2. At high nitrate, nitra... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469589 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469589 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469588&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22113591%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shirasawa S, Endo T, Nakagomi K, Yamaguchi M, Nishio T Abstract Low temperature at the booting stage of rice causes male sterility resulting in severe yield loss. Cold tolerance has long been an important objective in rice breeding. We identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for cold tolerance on the long arm of chromosome 3 from the cold-tolerant breeding line 'Ukei 840' by using F(2) and BC(1)F(2) populations from crosses between 'Ukei 840' and 'Hitomebore'. The cold tolerance of 'Ukei 840' is derived from the Chinese cultivar 'Lijiangxintuanheigu'. The effect of this QTL on cold tolerance was confirmed by developing 'Hitomebore' chromosome segment substitution lines having 'Lijiangxintuanheigu' alleles on chromosome 3. By producing recombinants in chromosome 3, the ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469588 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469588 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469590&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22109085%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim HJ, Lee HR, Jo KR, Mortazavian SM, Huigen DJ, Evenhuis B, Kessel G, Visser RG, Jacobsen E, Vossen JH Abstract Phytophthora infestans is the causal agent of late blight in potato. The Mexican species Solanum demissum is well known as a good resistance source. Among the 11 R gene differentials, which were introgressed from S. demissum, especially R8 and R9 differentials showed broad spectrum resistance both under laboratory and under field conditions. In order to gather more information about the resistance of the R8 and R9 differentials, F1 and BC1 populations were made by crossing Mastenbroek (Ma) R8 and R9 clones to susceptible plants. Parents and offspring plants were examined for their pathogen recognition specificities using agroinfiltration with known Avr genes, d... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469590 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469590 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469591&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22105913%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marzougui S, Sugimoto K, Yamanouchi U, Shimono M, Hoshino T, Hori K, Kobayashi M, Ishiyama K, Yano M Abstract Seed dormancy-the temporary failure of a viable seed to germinate under favorable conditions-is a complex characteristic influenced by many genes and environmental factors. To detect the genetic factors associated with seed dormancy in rice, we conducted a QTL analysis using chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from a cross between Nona Bokra (strong dormancy) and Koshihikari (weak dormancy). Comparison of the levels of seed dormancy of the CSSLs and their recurrent parent Koshihikari revealed that two chromosomal regions-on the short arms of chromosomes 1 and 6-were involved in the variation in seed dormancy. Further genetic analyses using an F(2)... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469591 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469591 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469592&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22101929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gong L, Paris HS, Nee MH, Stift G, Pachner M, Vollmann J, Lelley T Abstract Genetic relationships among 104 accessions of Cucurbita pepo were assessed from polymorphisms in 134 SSR (microsatellite) and four SCAR loci, yielding a total of 418 alleles, distributed among all 20 linkage groups. Genetic distance values were calculated, a dendrogram constructed, and principal coordinate analyses conducted. The results showed 100 of the accessions as distributed among three clusters representing each of the recognized subspecies, pepo, texana, and fraterna. The remaining four accessions, all having very small, round, striped fruits, assumed central positions between the two cultivated subspecies, pepo and texana, suggesting that they are relicts of undescribed wild ancestors of t... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469592 Sun, 20 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469593&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22101908%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of our study were to compare the accuracy of prediction models employing multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLS), support vector machine regression (SVM), and transcriptome-based distances (D(B)). For a factorial of 7 flint and 14 dent maize lines, the grain yield of the hybrids was assessed and the gene expression of the parental lines was profiled with a 56k microarray. The accuracy of the prediction models was measured by the correlation between predicted and observed yield employing two cross-validation schemes. The first modeled the prediction of hybrids when testcross data are available for both parental lines (type 2 hybrids), and the second modeled the prediction of hybrids when no testcross data for the parental lines were available ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469593 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469594&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22089330%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guo Y, Kong FM, Xu YF, Zhao Y, Liang X, Wang YY, An DG, Li SS Abstract Nutrient use efficiency (NuUE), comprising nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency, is regarded as one of the most important factors for wheat yield. In the present study, six morphological, nine nutrient content and nine nutrient utilization efficiency traits were investigated at the seedling stage using a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), under hydroponic culture of 12 treatments including single nutrient levels and two- and three-nutrient combinations treatments of N, P and K. For the 12 designed treatments, a total of 380 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on 20 chromosomes for the 24 traits were detected. Of these, 87, 149 and 144 QTLs for morphological, nutrient content and nutrient utilizati... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469594 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469594 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408163&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22083356%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Septiningsih EM, Sanchez DL, Singh N, Sendon PM, Pamplona AM, Heuer S, Mackill DJ Abstract Short-term submergence is a recurring problem in many rice production areas. The SUB1 gene, derived from the tolerant variety FR13A, has been transferred to a number of widely grown varieties, allowing them to withstand complete submergence for up to 2 weeks. However, in areas where longer-term submergence occurs, improved varieties having higher tolerance levels are needed. To search for novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from other donors, an F(2:3) population between IR72 and Madabaru, both moderately tolerant varieties, was investigated. After a repeated phenotyping of 466 families under submergence stress, a subset of 80 families selected from the two extreme phenotypic tails... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408163 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408169&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22080217%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, cDNA-AFLP proved to be a cost-effective and highly transferable platform for genome-wide and population-wide gene expression profiling. Because TDFs are anonymous, further validation and interpretation (in silico analysis, qPCR gene profiling) of the eQTL and eQTL hotspots will be facilitated by the increasing availability of cDNA and genomic sequence resources in cotton. PMID: 22080217 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408169 Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408169 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408171&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22075808%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lagunes Espinoza LD, Huguet T, Julier B Abstract Medicago truncatula, as a model species, is useful to study the genetic control of traits of agronomic interest in legumes species. Aerial morphogenesis is a key component of forage and seed yield. It was measured in four mapping populations originating from five parental lines. Single and multi-population quantitative trait locus (QTL) detections were carried out. A large variation was observed within populations and transgressive segregation was noted. Most traits showed high heritabilities in all seasons. Length of primary branches (LPB, cm) was positively correlated to branch elongation rate (BER, cm day(-1)) and aerial dry matter (ADM, g). Flowering time (FT, °C day(-1)) showed negative correlations with length of ma... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408171 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408171 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408170&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22075809%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of our study was to investigate the prediction accuracy of genomic breeding values through cross validation. The study was based on experimental data of six segregating populations from a half-diallel mating design with 788 testcross progenies from an elite maize breeding program. The plants were intensively phenotyped in multi-location field trials and fingerprinted with 960 SNP markers. We used random regression best linear unbiased prediction in combination with fivefold cross validation. The prediction accuracy across populations was higher for grain moisture (0.90) than for grain yield (0.58). The accuracy of genomic selection realized for grain yield corresponds to the precision of phenotyping at unreplicated field trials in 3-4 locations. As for maize up to three gener... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408170 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408170 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408173&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22072100%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to develop a comparative integrated map from two cultivated × cultivated recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping populations and to apply in mapping Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance trait in peanut. A total of 4,576 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from three sources: published SSR markers, newly developed SSR markers from expressed sequence tags (EST) and from bacterial artificial chromosome end-sequences were used for screening polymorphisms. Two cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers were also included to differentiate ahFAD2A alleles and ahFAD2B alleles. A total of 324 markers were anchored on this integrated map covering 1,352.1 cM with 21 linkage groups (LGs). Combining information from duplicated loci between LGs and comparing... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408173 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408172&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22072101%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanyal A, Randal Linder C Abstract Fatty acid composition is an important determinant of seed oil quality. Overall, 72 QTL for 12 fatty acid traits that control seed oil composition were identified in four recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations (Ler-0 × Sha, Ler-0 × Col-4, Ler-2 × Cvi, Ler-0 × No-0) of Arabidopsis thaliana. The identified QTL explained 3.2-79.8% of the phenotypic variance; 33 of the 59 QTL identified in the Ler-0 × Sha and the Ler-0 × Col RIL populations co-located with several a priori candidate genes for seed oil composition. QTL for fatty acids 18:1, 18:2, 22:1, and fatty acids synthesized in plastids was identified in both Ler-0 × Sha and Ler-0 × Col-4 RIL populations, and QTL for 16:0 was identified in the Ler-0 × Sha and... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408172 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408174&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22069119%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferguson ME, Hearne SJ, Close TJ, Wanamaker S, Moskal WA, Town CD, de Young J, Marri PR, Rabbi IY, de Villiers EP Abstract The availability of genomic resources can facilitate progress in plant breeding through the application of advanced molecular technologies for crop improvement. This is particularly important in the case of less researched crops such as cassava, a staple and food security crop for more than 800 million people. Here, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from five drought stressed and well-watered cassava varieties. Two cDNA libraries were developed: one from root tissue (CASR), the other from leaf, stem and stem meristem tissue (CASL). Sequencing generated 706 contigs and 3,430 singletons. These sequences were combined with those from two other... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408174 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408174 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408168&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22083354%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shin JH, Van K, Kim KD, Lee YH, Jun TH, Lee SH Abstract Soybean lipoxygenase genes comprise a multi-gene family, with the seed lipoxygenase isozymes LOX1, LOX2, and LOX3 present in soybean seeds. Among these, the LOX2 isozyme is primarily responsible for the "beany" flavor of most soybean seeds. The variety, Jinpumkong 2, having null alleles (lx1, lx2, and lx3) lacks the three seed lipoxygenases; so, sequence variations between the lipoxygenase-2 genes of Pureunkong (Lx2) and Jinpumkong 2 (lx2) cultivars were examined. One indel, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a 175-bp fragment in the 5'-flanking sequence, and a missense mutation within the coding region were found in Jinpumkong 2. The distribution of the sequence variations was investigated among 90 recombin... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408168 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408168 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408166&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22083355%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we sought to develop a PCR marker for freezing tolerance based on prior evidence of a relationship between size variation in Y(2)K(4) dehydrins and the RFLP. Results confirm the enrichment of Y(2)K(4) sequences of intermediate size (G2 group) in response to recurrent selection and in the D+ progeny. Analysis of genomic sequences revealed significant intron-length polymorphism (ILP) within the G2 group. G2 sequences with a characteristic short intron were more frequently found in D+ genotypes. Amplification using sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers bordering the intron confirmed an increase in the number of fragments with small introns in the D+ progeny and in the ATF5 population obtained after five cycles of recurrent selection for superior TF within th... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408166 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408176&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22065067%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to identify chromosomal regions associated with earliness in wheat. A 227-wheat core collection chosen to be highly contrasted for earliness was characterized for heading date. Experiments were conducted in controlled conditions and in the field for 3 years to break down earliness in the component traits: photoperiod sensitivity, vernalization requirement and narrow-sense earliness. Whole-genome association mapping was carried out using 760 molecular markers and taking into account the five ancestral group structure. We identified 62 markers individually associated to earliness components corresponding to 33 chromosomal regions. In addition, we identified 15 other significant markers and seven more regions by testing marker pair interactions. Co-localizatio... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408176 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5408176 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408177&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22057118%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Ma P, Zhao Z, Zhao G, Tian B, Wang J, Wang G Abstract Deep-seeding tolerant seeds can emerge from deep soil where the moisture is suitable for seed germination. Breeding deep-seeding tolerant cultivars is becoming increasingly important in arid and semi-arid regions. To dissect the quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling deep-seeding tolerance traits, we selected a tolerant maize inbred line 3681-4 and crossed it with the elite inbred line-X178 to generate an F(2) population and the derivative F(2:3) families. A molecular linkage map composed of 179 molecular markers was constructed, and 25 QTL were detected including 10 QTL for sowing at 10 cm depth and 15 QTL for sowing at 20 cm depth. The QTL analysis results confirmed that deep-seeding tolerance was mainly... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408177 Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5408177 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408178&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22052019%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duchêne E, Butterlin G, Dumas V, Merdinoglu D Abstract The genetic determinism of developmental stages in grapevine was studied in the progeny of a cross between grapevine cultivars Riesling and Gewurztraminer by combining ecophysiological modelling, genetic analysis and data mining of the grapevine whole genome sequence. The dates of three phenological stages, budbreak, flowering and veraison, were recorded during four successive years for 120 genotypes in the vineyard. The phenotypic data analysed were the duration of three periods expressed in thermal time (degree-days): 15 February to budbreak (Bud), budbreak to flowering (Flo) and flowering to veraison (Ver). Parental and consensus genetic maps were built using 153 microsatellite markers on 188 individuals. Six indep... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408178 Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5408178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5408175&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22069118%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Berger JD, Buirchell BJ, Luckett DJ, Nelson MN Abstract In contrast to most widespread broad-acre crops, the narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was domesticated very recently, in breeding programmes isolated in both space and time. Whereas domestication was initiated in Central Europe in the early twentieth century, the crop was subsequently industrialized in Australia, which now dominates world production. To investigate the ramifications of these bottlenecks, the genetic diversity of wild (n = 1,248) and domesticated populations (n = 95) was characterized using diversity arrays technology, and adaptation studied using G × E trials (n = 31) comprising all Australian cultivars released from 1967 to 2004 (n = 23). Principal coordinates analysis demons... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5408175 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5408175 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372931&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048639%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Myint KK, Fujita D, Matsumura M, Sonoda T, Yoshimura A, Yasui H Abstract The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is one of the most serious and destructive pests of rice, and can be found throughout the rice-growing areas of Asia. To date, more than 24 major BPH-resistance genes have been reported in several Oryza sativa ssp. indica cultivars and wild relatives. Here, we report the genetic basis of the high level of BPH resistance derived from an Indian rice cultivar, ADR52, which was previously identified as resistant to the whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifera [Horváth]). An F(2) population derived from a cross between ADR52 and a susceptible cultivar, Taichung 65 (T65), was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Antibiosis testing sh... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372931 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372930&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048640%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang D, Liu Y, Guo Y, Yang Q, Ye J, Chen S, Xu M Abstract Stalk rot is one of the most devastating diseases in maize worldwide. In our previous study, two QTLs, a major qRfg1 and a minor qRfg2, were identified in the resistant inbred line '1145' to confer resistance to Gibberella stalk rot. In the present study, we report on fine-mapping of the minor qRfg2 that is located on chromosome 1 and account for ~8.9% of the total phenotypic variation. A total of 22 markers were developed in the qRfg2 region to resolve recombinants. The progeny-test mapping strategy was developed to accurately determine the phenotypes of all recombinants for fine-mapping of the qRfg2 locus. This fine-mapping process was performed from BC(4)F(1) to BC(8)F(1) generations to narrow down the qRfg2 loc... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372930 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372929&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22048641%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodríguez-Suárez C, Giménez MJ, Gutiérrez N, Avila CM, Machado A, Huttner E, Ramírez MC, Martín AC, Castillo A, Kilian A, Martín A, Atienza SG Abstract Diversity arrays technology (DArT) genomic libraries were developed from H. chilense accessions to support robust genotyping of this species and a novel crop comprising H. chilense genome (e.g., tritordeums). Over 11,000 DArT clones were obtained using two complexity reduction methods. A subset of 2,209 DArT markers was identified on the arrays containing these clones as polymorphic between parents and segregating in a population of 92 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) developed from the cross between H. chilense accessions H1 and H7. Using the segregation data a high-density map of 1,503 cM was constructed with averag... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372929 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372932&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22045047%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bennett D, Izanloo A, Edwards J, Kuchel H, Chalmers K, Tester M, Reynolds M, Schnurbusch T, Langridge P Abstract In southern Australia, where the climate is predominantly Mediterranean, achieving the correct flowering time in bread wheat minimizes the impact of in-season cyclical and terminal drought. Flag leaf glaucousness has been hypothesized as an important component of drought tolerance but its value and genetic basis in locally adapted germplasm is unknown. From a cross between Kukri and RAC875, a doubled-haploid (DH) population was developed. A genetic linkage map consisting of 456 DArT and SSR markers was used to detect QTL affecting time to ear emergence and Zadoks growth score in seven field experiments. While ear emergence time was similar between the parents, t... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372932 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372934&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22042481%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu Y, Cao Z, Xu F, Huang Y, Chen M, Guo W, Zhou W, Zhu J, Meng J, Zou J, Jiang L Abstract Seed oil production in oilseed rape is greatly affected by the temperature during seed maturation. However, the molecular mechanism of the interaction between genotype and temperature in seed maturation remains largely unknown. We developed two near-isogenic lines (NIL-9 and NIL-1), differing mainly at a QTL region influencing oil content on Brassica napus chromosome C2 (qOC.C2.2) under high temperature during seed maturation. The NILs were treated under different temperatures in a growth chamber after flowering. RNA from developing seeds was extracted on the 25th day after flowering (DAF), and transcriptomes were determined by microarray analysis. Statistical analysis indicated tha... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372934 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372934 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372933&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22042482%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we provide exact formulas for quantifying the change of allele frequencies within marker classes, expectations of marker contrasts and the variance of the marker contrasts under truncation selection, for the general case of two QTL affecting the target trait and a correlated trait. We focused on homozygous lines derived at random from biparental crosses. The effects of linkage between the marker and the QTL under selection as well as the effect of selection on a correlated trait can be quantified with the given formulas. Theoretical results clearly show that depending on the magnitude of QTL effects, high selection intensities can lead to a dramatic reduction in power of QTL detection and that approximations based on the infinitesimal model deviate substantially from exact s... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372933 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372938&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038485%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Walley PG, Carder J, Skipper E, Mathas E, Lynn J, Pink D, Buchanan-Wollaston V Abstract A unique broccoli × broccoli doubled haploid (DH) population has been created from the F(1) of a cross between two DH broccoli lines derived from cultivars Green Duke and Marathon. We genotyped 154 individuals from this population with simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers to create a B. oleracea L. var. italica 'intra-crop' specific framework linkage map. The map is composed of nine linkage groups with a total length of 946.7 cM. Previous published B. oleracea maps have been constructed using diverse crosses between morphotypes of B. oleracea; this map therefore represents a useful breeding resource for the dissection of broccoli specific traits.... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372938 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372937&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038486%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ghanbarnia K, Lydiate DJ, Rimmer SR, Li G, Kutcher HR, Larkan NJ, McVetty PB, Fernando WG Abstract AvrLepR1 of the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans is the avirulence gene that corresponds to Brassica LepR1, a plant gene controlling dominant, race-specific resistance to this pathogen. An in vitro cross between the virulent L. maculans isolate, 87-41, and the avirulent isolate, 99-56, was performed in order to map the AvrLepR1 gene. The disease reactions of the 94 of the resulting F(1) progenies were tested on the canola line ddm-12-6s-1, which carries LepR1. There were 44 avirulent progenies and 50 virulent progenies suggesting a 1:1 segregation ratio and that the avirulence of 99-56 on ddm-12-6s-1 is controlled by a single gene. Tetrad analysis also indicat... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372937 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372936&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038487%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, high-resolution genetic mapping was carried out using an F(2:3) segregating population derived from two Ae. tauschii accessions, the resistant PI 268210 (original donor of Gb3 in the hexaploid wheat germplasm line 'Largo') and susceptible AL8/78. Molecular markers were developed by exploring bin-mapped wheat RFLPs, SSRs, ESTs and the Ae. tauschii physical map (BAC contigs). Wheat EST and Ae. tauschii BAC end sequences located in the deletion bin 7DL3-0.82-1.00 were used to design STS (sequence tagged site) or CAPS (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence) markers. Forty-five PCR-based markers were developed and mapped to the chromosomal region spanning the Gb3 locus. The greenbug-resistance gene Gb3 now was delimited in an interval of 1.1 cM by two molecular markers (HI067J6... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372936 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372935&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038488%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jena SN, Srivastava A, Rai KM, Ranjan A, Singh SK, Nisar T, Srivastava M, Bag SK, Mantri S, Asif MH, Yadav HK, Tuli R, Sawant SV Abstract Four microsatellite-enriched genomic libraries for CA(15), GA(15), AAG(8) and ATG(8) repeats and transcriptome sequences of five cDNA libraries of Gossypium herbaceum were explored to develop simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 428 unique clones from repeat enriched genomic libraries were mined for 584 genomic SSRs (gSSRs). In addition, 99,780 unigenes from transcriptome sequencing were explored for 8,900 SSR containing sequences with 12,471 expressed SSRs. The present study adds 1,970 expressed SSRs and 263 gSSRs to the public domain for the use of genetic studies of cotton. When 150 gSSRs and 50 expressed SSRs were tested ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372935 Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372941&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038433%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qiu Y, Guo J, Jing S, Zhu L, He G Abstract The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH) has become a severe constraint on rice production. Identification and pyramiding BPH-resistance genes is an economical and effective solution to increase the resistance level of rice varieties. All the BPH-resistance genes identified to date have been from indica rice or wild species. The BPH12 gene in the indica rice accession B14 is derived from the wild species Oryza latifolia. Using an F(2) population from a cross between the indica cultivar 93-11 and B14, we mapped the BPH12 gene to a 1.9-cM region on chromosome 4, flanked by the markers RM16459 and RM1305. In this population, BPH12 appeared to be partially dominant and explained 73.8% of the phenotypic variance in BPH res... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372941 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372939&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038435%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kai H, Takata K, Tsukazaki M, Furusho M, Baba T Abstract PK23-2, a line of six-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) originating from Pakistan, has resistance to Japanese strains I and III of the barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV). To identify the source of resistance in this line, reciprocal crosses were made between the susceptible cultivar Daisen-gold and PK23-2. Genetic analyses in the F(1) generation, F(2) generation, and a doubled haploid population (DH45) derived from the F(1) revealed that PK23-2 harbors one dominant and one recessive resistance genes. A linkage map was constructed using 61 lines of DH45 and 127 DNA markers; this map covered 1268.8 cM in 10 linkage groups. One QTL having a LOD score of 4.07 and explaining 26.8% of the phenotypic variance explained (PV... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372939 Sat, 29 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5372940&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22038434%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pei C, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Francis DM, Yang W Abstract Bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, X. vesicatoria, X. perforans and X. gardneri is one of the most destructive diseases in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growing in tropical and subtropical regions. Exploring resistance genes from diverse germplasm and incorporating them into cultivated varieties are critical for controlling this disease. The S. pimpinellifolium accession PI128216 was reported to carry the Rx4 gene on chromosome 11 conferring hypersensitivity and field resistance to race T3. To facilitate the use of marker-assisted selection in breeding and map-based cloning of the gene, an F(2) population derived from a cross between the susceptible variety OH88119 and the resistant accession... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5372940 Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5372940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338504&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22009288%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang H, Liu X, Zhang Y, Jiang C, Cui D, Liu H, Li D, Wang L, Chen T, Ning L, Ma X, Chen H Abstract Cross-incompatibility genes known as gametophyte factors (ga) are numerous in maize. Many popcorn strains carry these genes and cannot be fertilized by pollen of dent and flint maize strains although the reciprocal crosses are successful. A Chinese popcorn strain SDGa25 carries the strongest allele of Ga1 (Ga1-S) and the majority of Chinese dent and flint maize germplasm are incompatible with SDGa25. The incompatibility is due to pollen tube growth obstruction 2 h after pollination. The pollen tube is arrested in the silk segment 5.5 cm distal to the pollination area and never reaches the ovule. The Ga1-S carried by SDGa25 behaves as a single dominant gene. This ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338504 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338505&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22001910%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Berkman PJ, Skarshewski A, Manoli S, Lorenc MT, Stiller J, Smits L, Lai K, Campbell E, Kubaláková M, Simková H, Batley J, Doležel J, Hernandez P, Edwards D Abstract Complex Triticeae genomes pose a challenge to genome sequencing efforts due to their size and repetitive nature. Genome sequencing can reveal details of conservation and rearrangements between related genomes. We have applied Illumina second generation sequencing technology to sequence and assemble the low copy and unique regions of Triticum aestivum chromosome arm 7BS, followed by the construction of a syntenic build based on gene order in Brachypodium. We have delimited the position of a previously reported translocation between 7BS and 4AL with a resolution of one or a few genes and report approximately ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338505 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338507&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997760%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Belcher AR, Zwonitzer JC, Cruz JS, Krakowsky MD, Chung CL, Nelson R, Arellano C, Balint-Kurti PJ Abstract Maize inbred lines NC292 and NC330 were derived by repeated backcrossing of an elite source of southern leaf blight (SLB) resistance (NC250P) to the SLB-susceptible line B73, with selection for SLB resistance among and within backcross families at each generation. Consequently, while B73 is very SLB susceptible, its sister lines NC292 and NC330 are both SLB resistant. Previously, we identified the 12 introgressions from NC250P that differentiate NC292 and NC330 from B73. The goals of this study were to determine the effects of each introgression on resistance to SLB and to two other foliar fungal diseases of maize, northern leaf blight and gray leaf spot. This was achi... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338507 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338506&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21997761%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we evaluated a population of 191 soybean landraces in five environments to detect molecular markers associated with soybean yield and its components using 1,536 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 209 haplotypes. The analysis revealed that abundant phenotypic and genetic diversity existed in the studied population. This soybean population could be divided into two subpopulations and no or weak relatedness was detected between pair-wise landraces. The level of intra-chromosomal linkage disequilibrium was about 500 kb. Genome-wide association analysis based on the unified mixed model identified 19 SNPs and 5 haplotypes associated with soybean yield and yield components in three or more environments. Nine markers were found co-associated with two or more traits. Many ma... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338506 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338508&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21993634%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao J, Huang J, Chen F, Xu F, Ni X, Xu H, Wang Y, Jiang C, Wang H, Xu A, Huang R, Li D, Meng J Abstract Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for oil content has been previously analyzed in a SG-DH population from a cross between a Chinese cultivar and a European cultivar of Brassica napus. Eight QTL with additive and epistatic effects, and with environmental interactions were evaluated. Here we present an integrated linkage map of this population predominantly based on informative markers derived from Brassica sequences, including 249 orthologous A. thaliana genes, where nearly half (112) are acyl lipid metabolism related genes. Comparative genomic analysis between B. napus and A. thaliana revealed 33 colinearity regions. Each of the conserved A. thaliana segments is present two... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338508 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338509&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21987281%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sliwka J, Jakuczun H, Chmielarz M, Hara-Skrzypiec A, Tomczyńska I, Kilian A, Zimnoch-Guzowska E Abstract Solanum ×  michoacanum (Bitter.) Rydb. is a diploid, 1 EBN (Endosperm Balance Number) nothospecies, a relative of potato originating from the area of Morelia in Michoacán State of Mexico that is believed to be a natural hybrid of S. bulbocastanum × S. pinnatisectum. Both parental species and S. michoacanum have been described as sources of resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. The gene for resistance to potato late blight, Rpi-mch1, originating from S. michoacanum was mapped to the chromosome VII of the potato genome. It confers high level of resistance since the plants possessing it showed only small necrotic lesions or no symptoms of the P. inf... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338509 Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5338509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293188&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21971891%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang WW, Pan JS, He HL, Zhang C, Li Z, Zhao JL, Yuan XJ, Zhu LH, Huang SW, Cai R Abstract The high-density consensus map was constructed based on the GY14 × PI 183967 map from an inter-subspecific cross and the extended S94 × S06 map from an intra-subspecific cross. The consensus map was composed of 1,369 loci, including 1,152 SSR loci, 192 SRAP loci, 21 SCAR loci and one STS locus as well as three gene loci of fruit external quality traits in seven chromosomes, and spanned 700.5 cM, of which 682.7 cM (97.5%) were covered by SSR markers. The average genetic distance and physical interval between loci were 0.51 cM and ~268 kbp, respectively. Additionally, the physical position of the sequence-associated markers aligned along the assembled cucumber genome sequence... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293188 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293189&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21964993%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sala CA, Bulos M, Altieri E, Weston B Abstract Imisun and CLPlus are two imidazolinone (IMI) tolerance traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) determined by the expression of different alleles at the same locus, Ahasl1-1 and Ahasl1-3, respectively. This paper reports the level of tolerance expressed by plants containing both alleles in a homozygous, heterozygous and in a heterozygous stacked state to increasing doses of IMI at the enzyme and whole plant levels. Six genotypes of the Ahasl1 gene were compared with each other in three different genetic backgrounds. These materials were treated at the V2-V4 stage with increasing doses of imazapyr (from 0 to 480 g a.i. ha(-1)) followed by an assessment of the aboveground biomass and herbicide phytotoxicity. The estimated do... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293189 Sun, 02 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272312&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959905%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, the association of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) governing WYMV resistance with molecular markers was established using 164 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from 'Xifeng Wheat' (highly resistant) × 'Zhen 9523' (highly susceptible). Phenotypic data of WYMV resistance of the RILs were collected from 4-year, two-location replicated field trials. A molecular marker-based linkage map, which was comprised of 273 non-redundant loci and represented all the 21 wheat chromosomes, was constructed with the JoinMap 4.0 software. Using the Windows QTL Cartographer V2.5 software, three QTLs associated with WYMV resistance, QYm.njau-3B.1, QYm.njau-5A.1 and QYm.njau-7B.1, were detected on chromosomes 3BS, 5AL, and 7BS, respectively. The favorable allele effects were all contribute... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272312 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272311&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang G, Leonard JM, Ross AS, Peterson CJ, Zemetra RS, Garland Campbell K, Riera-Lizarazu O Abstract Kernel hardness or texture, used to classify wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into soft and hard classes, is a major determinant of milling and baking quality. Wheat genotypes in the soft class that are termed 'extra-soft' (with kernel hardness in the lower end of the spectrum) have been associated with superior end-use quality. In order to better understand the relationship between kernel hardness, milling yield, and various agronomic traits, we performed quantitative trait mapping using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a common soft wheat line and a genotype classified as an 'extra-soft' line. A total of 47 significant quantitative trait loci (... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272311 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272310&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959907%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this work were to determine the relative level and pattern of cross-tolerance to different AHAS-inhibiting herbicides, the mode of inheritance, and the molecular basis of herbicide tolerance in this line. Slight or no symptoms observed after application of different herbicides indicated that RW-B possesses a completely new pattern of tolerance to AHAS-inhibiting herbicides in sunflower. Biomass response to increasing doses of metsulfuron or imazapyr demonstrated a higher level of tolerance in RW-B with respect to Ahasl1-1/Ahasl1-1 and Ahasl1-2/Ahasl1-2 lines. On the basis of genetic analyses and cosegregation test, it was concluded that tolerance to imazapyr in the original population is inherited as a single, partially dominant nuclear gene and that this gene is controll... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272310 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272308&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959909%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shahinnia F, Druka A, Franckowiak J, Morgante M, Waugh R, Stein N Abstract Spike density in barley is under the control of several major genes, as documented previously by genetic analysis of a number of morphological mutants. One such class of mutants affects the rachis internode length leading to dense or compact spikes and the underlying genes were designated dense spike (dsp). We previously delimited two introgressed genomic segments on chromosome 3H (21 SNP loci, 35.5 cM) and 7H (17 SNP loci, 20.34 cM) in BW265, a BC(7)F(3) nearly isogenic line (NIL) of cv. Bowman as potentially containing the dense spike mutant locus dsp.ar, by genotyping 1,536 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in both BW265 and its recurrent parent. Here, the gene was allocated by high-... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272308 Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272309&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21959908%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, gene-specific markers for five of the glycinin genes (Gy1 to Gy5) were developed using three 11S null lines, two A(4) null Japanese cultivars, Enrei and Raiden, and a control cultivar, Harovinton. Whereas gene-specific primers produced the appropriate products in the control cultivar for the Gy1, Gy2, Gy3 and Gy5 genes, they did not amplify in mutants missing the A(1a)B(2), A(2)B(1a), A(1b) B(1b), and A(3)B(4) subunits. However, ecotype targeting induced local lesions in genomes (EcoTILLING) and sequencing analysis revealed that the absence of the A(4) peptide in the mutants is due to the same point mutation as that in Enrei and Raiden. Selection efficiency of the gene-specific primer pairs was tested using a number of breeding lines segregating for the different subunits. P... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272309 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272314&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953207%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Frascaroli E, Canè MA, Pè ME, Pea G, Landi P Abstract In a previous study on a maize (Zea mays L.) population of recombinant inbreds derived from B73 × H99, we identified several quantitative trait loci (QTL) for agronomic traits with high dominance-additive ratio. Then, for four of these QTL, we developed families of near-isogenic lines (NILs) homozygous either for the QTL allele from B73 (BB) or from H99 (HH); for two of these QTL, the NILs' families were produced in two different genetic backgrounds. The present study was conducted to: (1) characterize these QTL for agronomic traits and (2) verify whether their effects were influenced by the genetic background, inbreeding level and plant density (PD). The six NILs' families were tested across 3 years and in three ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272314 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272313&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21953208%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Liu XL, Yang XF, Wang CY, Wang YJ, Zhang H, Ji WQ Abstract The English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), is one of the most important insect pests causing substantial yield losses in wheat production in China and other grain-growing areas in the world. The efficient utilization of wheat genes for resistance to English grain aphid (EGA) provides an efficient, economic and environmentally sound approach to reduce the yield losses. In the present study, the wheat line C273 (Triticum durum AABB, 2n = 4x = 28), is resistant to EGA in greenhouse and field tests. To identify the resistance gene, designated RA-1 temporarily, C273 was crossed with susceptible genotype Poland 305 (T. polonicum, AABB, 2n = 4x = 28). The F(1), F(2) and F(2:3) lines were tested with EGA... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272313 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272316&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947344%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Di Gaspero G, Copetti D, Coleman C, Castellarin SD, Eibach R, Kozma P, Lacombe T, Gambetta G, Zvyagin A, Cindrić P, Kovács L, Morgante M, Testolin R Abstract The Rpv3 locus is a major determinant of downy mildew resistance in grapevine (Vitis spp.). A selective sweep at this locus was revealed by the DNA genotyping of 580 grapevines, which include a highly diverse set of 265 European varieties that predated the spread of North American mildews, 82 accessions of wild species, and 233 registered breeding lines with North American ancestry produced in the past 150 years. Artificial hybridisation and subsequent phenotypic selection favoured a few Rpv3 haplotypes that were introgressed from wild vines and retained in released varieties. Seven conserved haplotypes in five des... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272316 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272315&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947345%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kubota S, Konno I, Kanno A Abstract The genus Asparagus comprises approximately 200 species, some of which are commercially cultivated, such as the garden asparagus (A. officinalis). Many Asparagus species, including A. officinalis, are dioecious and have been grouped into a subgenus distinct from that of hermaphroditic species. Although many interspecific crossings have been attempted to introduce useful traits into A. officinalis, only some of the dioecious species were found to be cross-compatible with A. officinalis. Here, molecular phylogenetic analyses were conducted to determine whether interspecific crossability is proportional to the genetic distance between the crossing pairs and to further clarify the evolutionary history of the Asparagus genus. A clade with all... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272315 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272317&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947325%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang Z, Xia H, Basso B, Lu BR Abstract Hybridization and introgression can play an important role in genetic differentiation and adaptive evolution of plant species. For example, a conspecific feral species may frequently acquire new alleles from its coexisting crops via introgression. However, little is known about this process. We analyzed 24 weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) populations and their coexisting rice cultivars from northern Italy to study their genetic differentiation, outcrossing, and introgression based on microsatellite polymorphisms. A total of 576 maternal plants representing 24 weedy populations were used to estimate their genetic differentiation, and 5,395 progeny (seedlings) derived from 299 families of 15 selected populations were included to ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272317 Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5272318&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21947299%26dopt%3DAbstract ANTHOCYANIN1 from Solanum chilense is more efficient in accumulating anthocyanin metabolites than its Solanum lycopersicum counterpart in association with the ANTHOCYANIN FRUIT phenotype of tomato. Theor Appl Genet. 2011 Sep 23; Authors: Schreiber G, Reuveni M, Evenor D, Oren-Shamir M, Ovadia R, Sapir-Mir M, Bootbool-Man A, Nahon S, Shlomo H, Chen L, Levin I Abstract Anthocyanins are flavonoid metabolites contributing attractive colors and antioxidant qualities to the human diet. Accordingly, there is a growing interest in developing crops enriched with these compounds. Fruits of the cultivated tomato, Solanum (S.) lycopersicum, do not normally produce high levels of anthocyanins. However, several wild tomato species yield anthocyanin-pigmented fruits, and this tra... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5272318 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5272318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5256161&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938472%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gao X, Appelbee MJ, Mekuria GT, Chalmers KJ, Mather DE Abstract Bread is one of the major constituents of the human diet and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal for bread making. The gluten proteins (glutenins and gliadins) are recognised as important components affecting the processing quality of wheat flour. In this research, we investigated a particular glutenin subunit allele in an Australian cultivar, H45. Based on protein and DNA assays, the Glu-B1 allele of H45 seems to be Glu-B1al, an allele that includes a functional duplication of a gene encoding an x-type high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit, and is thought to increase dough strength through overexpression of that subunit. Yet H45 does not have the dough properties that would be expected ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5256161 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5256161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5256160&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938473%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Venuprasad R, Bool ME, Quiatchon L, Atlin GN Abstract A large-effect QTL associated with grain yield in aerobic environments was identified in three genetic backgrounds, Apo/(2)*Swarna, Apo/(2)*IR72, and Vandana/(2)*IR72, using bulk-segregant analysis (BSA). Apo and Vandana are drought-tolerant aerobic-adapted varieties, while Swarna and IR72 are important lowland rice varieties grown on millions of hectares in Asia but perform poorly in aerobic conditions. Two closely linked rice microsatellite (RM) markers, RM510 and RM19367, located on chromosome 6, were found to be associated with yield under aerobic soil conditions in all three backgrounds. The QTL linked to this marker, qDTY6.1 (DTY, grain yield under drought), was mapped to a 2.2 cM region between RM19367 and RM380... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5256160 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5256160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5256159&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938474%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guo Z, Tucker DM, Lu J, Kishore V, Gay G Abstract In comparison to conventional marker-assisted selection (MAS), which utilizes only a subset of genetic markers associated with a trait to predict breeding values (BVs), genome-wide selection (GWS) improves prediction accuracies by incorporating all markers into a model simultaneously. This strategy avoids risks of missing quantitative trait loci (QTL) with small effects. Here, we evaluated the accuracy of prediction for three corn flowering traits days to silking, days to anthesis, and anthesis-silking interval with GWS based on cross-validation experiments using a large data set of 25 nested association mapping populations in maize (Zea mays). We found that GWS via ridge regression-best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP)... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5256159 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5256159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5256158&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21938475%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we report for the first time on the mapping of four QTL for nodal root angle (qRA) in sorghum, in addition to three QTL for root dry weight, two for shoot dry weight, and three for plant leaf area. Phenotyping was done at the six leaf stage for a mapping population (n = 141) developed by crossing two inbred sorghum lines with contrasting root angle. Nodal root angle QTL explained 58.2% of the phenotypic variance and were validated across a range of diverse inbred lines. Three of the four nodal root angle QTL showed homology to previously identified root angle QTL in rice and maize, whereas all four QTL co-located with previously identified QTL for stay-green in sorghum. A putative association between nodal root angle QTL and grain yield was identified through single marker... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5256158 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5256158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5256162&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21935694%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schwander F, Eibach R, Fechter I, Hausmann L, Zyprian E, Töpfer R Abstract A population derived from a cross between grapevine breeding strain Gf.Ga-52-42 and cultivar 'Solaris' consisting of 265 F1-individuals was genetically mapped using SSR markers and screened for downy mildew resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed two strong QTLs on linkage groups (LGs) 18 and 09. The locus on LG 18 was found to be identical with the previously described locus Rpv3 and is transmitted by Gf.Ga-52-42. 'Solaris' transmitted the resistance-related locus on LG 09 explaining up to 50% of the phenotypic variation in the population. This downy mildew resistance locus is named Rpv10 for resistance to Plasmopara viticola. Rpv10 was initially introgressed from Vitis amur... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5256162 Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5256162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224407&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21915709%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Larson SR, Kishii M, Tsujimoto H, Qi L, Chen P, Lazo GR, Jensen KB, Wang RR Abstract Allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28) Leymus triticoides and Leymus cinereus are divergent perennial grasses, which form fertile hybrids. Genetic maps with n = 14 linkage groups (LG) comprised with 1,583 AFLP and 67 heterologous anchor markers were previously used for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in these hybrids, and chromosomes of other Leymus wildryes have been transferred to wheat. However, identifications of the x = 7 homoeologous groups were tenuous and genetic research has been encumbered by a lack of functional, conserved gene marker sequences. Herein, we mapped 350 simple sequence repeats and 26 putative lignin biosynthesis genes from a new Leymus EST library and constru... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224407 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224406&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21915710%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang M, Jiang N, Jia T, Leach L, Cockram J, Waugh R, Ramsay L, Thomas B, Luo Z Abstract Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has become an obvious general approach for studying traits of agricultural importance in higher plants, especially crops. Here, we present a GWAS of 32 morphologic and 10 agronomic traits in a collection of 615 barley cultivars genotyped by genome-wide polymorphisms from a recently developed barley oligonucleotide pool assay. Strong population structure effect related to mixed sampling based on seasonal growth habit and ear row number is present in this barley collection. Comparison of seven statistical approaches in a genome-wide scan for significant associations with or without correction for confounding by population structure, revealed that in re... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224406 Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224410&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21912855%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tabib Ghaffary SM, Faris JD, Friesen TL, Visser RG, van der Lee TA, Robert O, Kema GH Abstract Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola, is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat. We screened five synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHs), 13 wheat varieties that represent the differential set of cultivars and two susceptible checks with a global set of 20 isolates and discovered exceptionally broad STB resistance in SHs. Subsequent development and analyses of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between the SH M3 and the highly susceptible bread wheat cv. Kulm revealed two novel resistance loci on chromosomes 3D and 5A. The 3D resistance was expressed in the seedling and adult plant stages, and it controlled necrosis ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224410 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224409&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21912856%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jun TH, Rouf Mian MA, Michel AP Abstract The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is the most damaging insect pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America. New soybean aphid biotypes have been evolving quickly and at least three confirmed biotypes have been reported in USA. These biotypes are capable of defeating most known aphid resistant soybean genes indicating the need for identification of new genes. Plant Introduction (PI) 567301B was earlier identified to have antixenosis resistance against biotype 1 and 2 of the soybean aphid. Two hundred and three F(7:9) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross of soybean aphid susceptible cultivar Wyandot and resistant PI 567301B were used for mapping aphid resistance genes using the quantitative tr... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224409 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5224408&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21912857%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dolores Vazquez M, James Peterson C, Riera-Lizarazu O, Chen X, Heesacker A, Ammar K, Crossa J, Mundt CC Abstract The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar 'Stephens' has been grown commercially in the USA Pacific Northwest for 30 years. The durable resistance of 'Stephens' to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) was believed to be due to a combination of seedling and adult plant resistance genes. Multilocation field trials, diversity array technology (DArT), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. Recombinant inbred lines were assessed for stripe rust response in eight locations/years, five in 2008 and three in 2009. The data from Mt. Vernon, WA, differed from all other environments, and com... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5224408 Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5224408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214551&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21904845%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhu H, Senalik D, McCown BH, Zeldin EL, Speers J, Hyman J, Bassil N, Hummer K, Simon PW, Zalapa JE Abstract The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a major commercial fruit crop in North America, but limited genetic resources have been developed for the species. Furthermore, the paucity of codominant DNA markers has hampered the advance of genetic research in cranberry and the Ericaceae family in general. Therefore, we used Roche 454 sequencing technology to perform low-coverage whole genome shotgun sequencing of the cranberry cultivar 'HyRed'. After de novo assembly, the obtained sequence covered 266.3 Mb of the estimated 540-590 Mb in cranberry genome. A total of 107,244 SSR loci were detected with an overall density across the genome of 403 SSR/Mb. The... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214551 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214550&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21904846%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahanil S, Ramming D, Cadle-Davidson M, Owens C, Garris A, Myles S, Cadle-Davidson L Abstract The single, dominant powdery mildew resistance locus Ren4 from Vitis romanetii prevents hyphal growth by Erysiphe necator. Previously, we showed that when introgressed into V. vinifera in the modified BC(2) population 03-3004, Ren4 was linked with the simple sequence repeat marker VMC7f2 on chromosome 18-a marker that is associated with multiple disease resistance and seedlessness. However, in the current study, this marker was monomorphic in related breeding populations 05-3010 and 07-3553. To enhance marker-assisted selection at this locus, we developed multiplexed SNP markers using three approaches: conversion of bulked segregant analysis AFLP markers, sequencing of candidate g... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214550 Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214552&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901548%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates the usefulness of sequenced genomes for fine mapping and paves the way for the use of these two loci in barley breeding programs. PMID: 21901548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214552 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214554&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21898052%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined 766 spring barley breeding lines (panel #1) grown in balanced trials and a subset of 384 spring barley breeding lines (panel #2) grown in balanced and unbalanced trials. In panel #1, we detected three major QTL for heading date that have been detected in previous bi-parental mapping studies. Simulation studies showed that population sizes greater than 384 individuals are required to consistently detect QTL. We also showed that unbalanced data sets from panel #2 can be used to detect the three major QTL. However, unbalanced data sets resulted in an increase in the false-positive rate. Interestingly, one-step analysis performed better than two-step analysis in reducing the false-positive rate. The results of this work show that it is possible to use phenotypic data from breeding ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214554 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214553&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21901547%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of our research was to exploit whole genome sequences of 13 rice (Oryza sativa L.) inbred lines to identify non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) and candidate genes for resistance to sheath blight, a disease of worldwide significance. WGS by the Illumina GA IIx platform produced an average 5× coverage with ~700 K variants detected per line when compared to the Nipponbare reference genome. Two filtering strategies were developed to identify nsSNPs between two groups of known resistant and susceptible lines. A total of 333 nsSNPs detected in the resistant lines were absent in the susceptible group. Selected variants associated with resistance were found in 11 of 12 chromosomes. More than 200 genes with selected nsSNPs were assigned to 42 categories based on gene family/gene ontology.... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214553 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214557&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21894466%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the variation in Hin genes and used it to infer the phylogenetic relationships between the genes found in two H. vulgare subspecies (cultivated barley and H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and 10 wild relatives (H. bogdanii, H. brachyantherum, H. bulbosum, H. chilense, H. comosum, H. marinum, H. murinum, H. patagonicum, H. pusillum, and H. roshevitzii). The Hina and Hinb genes of these species were amplified by PCR. We found two Hinb genes in three wild species (H. bogdanii, H. brachyantherum, and H. roshevitzii) and preliminarily named them Hinb-A and Hinb-B. Cluster analysis showed that the 17 Hinb genes present in Hordeum formed two distinct clusters (named A and B). Seven Hinb genes were included in Cluster-A, and 10 Hinb genes were included in Cluster-B. All Hinb-A genes were ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214557 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214556&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21894467%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Uga Y, Hanzawa E, Nagai S, Sasaki K, Yano M, Sato T Abstract Specific Indonesian lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars elongate thick primary roots on the soil surface of paddy fields. To clarify the genetic factors controlling soil-surface rooting, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using 124 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Gemdjah Beton, an Indonesian lowland rice cultivar with soil-surface roots, and Sasanishiki, a Japanese lowland rice cultivar without soil-surface roots. These cultivars and the RILs were tested for soil-surface rooting in a paddy field. We identified four regions of chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 7 that were associated with soil-surface rooting in the field. Among them, one major QTL was located on the long ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214556 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5214555&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21898051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Würschum T, Liu W, Maurer HP, Abel S, Reif JC Abstract Detection of QTL in multiple segregating populations is of high interest as it includes more alleles than mapping in a single biparental population. In addition, such populations are routinely generated in applied plant breeding programs and can thus be used to identify QTL which are of direct relevance for a marker-assisted improvement of elite germplasm. Multiple-line cross QTL mapping and joint linkage association mapping were used for QTL detection. We empirically compared these two different biometrical approaches with regard to QTL detection for important agronomic traits in nine segregating populations of elite rapeseed lines. The plants were intensively phenotyped in multi-location field trials and genotyped w... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5214555 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5214555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5183644&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21877150%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jo KR, Arens M, Kim TY, Jongsma MA, Visser RG, Jacobsen E, Vossen JH Abstract The use of resistant varieties is an important tool in the management of late blight, which threatens potato production worldwide. Clone MaR8 from the Mastenbroek differential set has strong resistance to Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight. The F1 progeny of a cross between the susceptible cultivar Concurrent and MaR8 were assessed for late blight resistance in field trials inoculated with an incompatible P. infestans isolate. A 1:1 segregation of resistance and susceptibility was observed, indicating that the resistance gene referred to as R8, is present in simplex in the tetraploid MaR8 clone. NBS profiling and successive marker sequence comparison to the potato and tomato ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5183644 Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5183644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170182&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21870137%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tam SM, Hays JB, Chetelat RT Abstract In plant breeding, the ability to manipulate genetic (meiotic) recombination would be beneficial for facilitating gene transfer from wild relatives of crop plants. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system helps maintain genetic integrity by correcting base mismatches that arise via DNA synthesis or damage, and antagonizes recombination between homeologous (divergent) DNA sequences. Previous studies have established that the genomes of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and the wild relative S. lycopersicoides are substantially diverged (homeologous) such that recombination between their chromosomes is strongly reduced. Here, we report the effects on homeologous recombination of suppressing endogenous MMR genes in S. lycopersicum via ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170182 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170182 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170183&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21863347%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Elsadr HT, Wright LC, Peter Pauls K, Bett KE Abstract Seed coat post harvest darkening (PHD) represents a problem for producers and consumers of several market classes of dry bean. There are three PHD phenotypes: (1) non-darkening (ND), (2) slow darkening (SD) and (3) regular darkening (RD). The inheritance of PHD was elucidated by evaluating populations derived from crosses among multiple RD, SD and ND genotypes. Results indicate that at least two unlinked major genes control the PHD trait in common bean. Recessive epistasis with three phenotypic classes explains the segregation ratios of populations from crosses between SD and ND parents. One gene, J, is responsible for whether a bean will darken as seeds from plants that are jj do not darken at all. Another gene, sd, in... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170183 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5170184&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21861174%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated the pollen fertility, chromosome number, structure, and behavior linked to various Hanakkori phenotypes to define factors of unstable phenotypic expression in the progeny. Hanakkori phenotypes were categorized into five types. The results of pollen fertility, chromosome number, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for somatic mitosis cells indicated that the off-type plants had lower pollen fertility, aberrant chromosome number, and structures with small chromosome fragments. Observation of chromosomes at meiosis showed that the meiotic division in off-type plants led to appreciably higher abnormalities than in on-type plants. However, polyvalent chromosomes were observed frequently in both on- and off-type plants in diplotene stage of meiosis. We ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5170184 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5170184 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147024&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21858470%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meng F, Han Y, Teng W, Li Y, Li W Abstract Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) results in severe yield loss of soybean in many soybean-growing countries of the world. A few loci have been previously identified to be associated with the aphid resistance in soybean. However, none of them was via isoflavone-mediated antibiosis process. The aim of the present study was to conduct genetic analysis of aphid resistance and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying aphid resistance in a Chinese soybean cultivar with high isoflavone content. One hundred and thirty F(5:6) derived recombinant inbred lines from the 'Zhongdou 27' × 'Jiunong 20' cross were used. Two QTL were directly associated with resistance to aphid as measured by aphid damage index. qRa_1, close t... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147024 Fri, 19 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147027&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21850477%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pavan S, Schiavulli A, Appiano M, Marcotrigiano AR, Cillo F, Visser RG, Bai Y, Lotti C, Ricciardi L Abstract The powdery mildew disease affects several crop species and is also one of the major threats for pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivation all over the world. The recessive gene er1, first described over 60 years ago, is well known in pea breeding, as it still maintains its efficiency as a powdery mildew resistance source. Genetic and phytopathological features of er1 resistance are similar to those of barley, Arabidopsis, and tomato mlo powdery mildew resistance, which is caused by the loss of function of specific members of the MLO gene family. Here, we describe the obtainment of a novel er1 resistant line by experimental mutagenesis with the alkylating agent diethyl su... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147027 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147026&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21850478%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we developed a Magellan × PI 437654 F(7)-RIL population to construct a highly saturated non-redundant linkage map that encompassed 451 SNP and SSR molecular markers and used it to locate genomic regions that govern accumulation of isoflavones in the seeds of soybean. Five QTLs were found that contribute to the concentration of isoflavones, having single or multiple additive effects on isoflavone component traits. We also validated a major locus which alone accounted for up to 10% of the phenotypic variance for glycitein, and 35-37% for genistein, daidzein and the sum of all three soybean isoflavones. This QTL was consistently associated with increased concentration of isoflavones across different locations, years and crosses. It was the most important QTL in terms of net ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147026 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147025&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21850479%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buriev ZT, Saha S, Shermatov SE, Jenkins JN, Abdukarimov A, Stelly DM, Abdurakhmonov IY Abstract The Gossypium MIC-3 (Meloidogyne Induced Cotton-3) gene family is of great interest for molecular evolutionary studies because of its uniqueness to Gossypium species, multi-gene content, clustered localization, and root-knot nematode resistance-associated features. Molecular evolution of the MIC-3 gene family was studied in 15 tetraploid and diploid Gossypium genotypes that collectively represent seven phylogenetically distinct genomes. Synonymous (d(S)) and non-synonymous (d(N)) nucleotide substitution rates suggest that the second of the two exons of the MIC-3 genes has been under strong positive selection pressure, while the first exon has been under strong purifying selecti... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147025 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5147028&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21847624%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of our study were to (i) examine the population structure of a large and diverse set of B. napus inbred lines, (ii) investigate patterns of genetic diversity within and among different germplasm types, (iii) compare the two genomes of B. napus with regard to genetic diversity, and (iv) assess the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Our study was based on 509 B. napus inbred lines genotyped with 89 genome-specific SSR primer combinations. Both a principal coordinate analysis and software STRUCTURE revealed that winter types, spring types, and swedes were assigned to three major clusters. The genetic diversity of winter oilseed rape was lower than the diversity found in other germplasm types. Within winter oilseed rape types, a d... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5147028 Tue, 16 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5147028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133155&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21833553%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Burt C, Nicholson P Introgressions into wheat from related species have been widely used as a source of agronomically beneficial traits. One such example is the introduction of the potent eyespot resistance gene Pch1 from the wild relative Aegilops ventricosa onto chromosome 7DL of wheat. In common with genes carried on many other such introgressions, the use of Pch1 in commercial wheat varieties has been hindered by linkage drag with yield-limiting traits. Attempts to break this linkage have been frustrated by a lack of co-dominant PCR markers suitable for identifying heterozygotes in F(2) populations. We developed conserved orthologous sequence (COS) markers, utilising the Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) genome sequence, to provide co-dominant markers in the Pch1 regi... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133155 Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133155 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133159&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830107%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hao Y, Chen Z, Wang Y, Bland D, Buck J, Brown-Guedira G, Johnson J Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is an important disease of soft red winter wheat in the eastern region of the USA. Pioneer 26R61 has provided effective resistance to stripe rust for 10 years. To elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance, a mapping population of 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed using single-seed descent from a cross between Pioneer 26R61 and the susceptible cultivar AGS 2000. A genetic map with 895 markers covering all 21 chromosomes was used for QTL analysis. One major QTL was detected, explaining up to 56.0% of the mean phenotypic variation, flanked by markers Xbarc124 and Xgwm359, and assigned to the distal 22% of the short arm of wheat chromo... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133159 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133158&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830108%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nanni L, Bitocchi E, Bellucci E, Rossi M, Rau D, Attene G, Gepts P, Papa R Evolutionary studies in plant and animal breeding are aimed at understanding the structure and organization of genetic variations of species. We have identified and characterized a genomic sequence in Phaseolus vulgaris of 1,200 bp (PvSHP1) that is homologous to SHATTERPROOF-1 (SHP1), a gene involved in control of fruit shattering in Arabidopsis thaliana. The PvSHP1 fragment was mapped to chromosome Pv06 in P. vulgaris and is linked to the flower and seed color gene V. Amplification of the PvSHP1 sequence from the most agronomically important legume species showed a high degree of interspecies diversity in the introns within the Phaseoleae, while the coding region was conserved across distant taxa. Seq... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133158 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133157&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830109%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang P, Zhou G, Yu H, Yu S Leaf size is a major determinant of plant architecture and yield potential in crops. A previous study showed that the genomic region of chromosome 1 contains a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for flag leaf size in a set of backcross recombinant inbred lines derived from two elite parental lines (Zhenshan 97 and 93-11). In the present study, the QTL (qFL1) was shown to explain a large proportion of the variation in flag leaf size (leaf length, width and area) in derived populations (BC(2)F(3) and BC(3)F(2)) in multiple environments. Using a large segregating population, we narrowed the location of qFL1 to a 31 kb region containing four predicted genes. Expression of one of these genes, OsFTL1, differed between leaves in near-isogenic lines carry... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133157 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133156&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21830110%26dopt%3DAbstract This study provides a PCR-based method for efficiently identifying LMW-GS genes in bread wheat, which will improve the characterization of complex members of the LMW-GS gene family and facilitate the understanding of their contributions to wheat quality. PMID: 21830110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133156 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133160&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21822942%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wang ML, Sukumaran S, Barkley NA, Chen Z, Chen CY, Guo B, Pittman RN, Stalker HT, Holbrook CC, Pederson GA, Yu J Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important oilseed and nutritional crops in the world. To efficiently utilize the germplasm collection, a peanut mini-core containing 112 accessions was established in the United States. To determine the population structure and its impact on marker-trait association, this mini-core collection was assessed by genotyping 94 accessions with 81 SSR markers and two functional SNP markers from fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2). Seed quality traits (including oil content, fatty acid composition, flavonoids, and resveratrol) were obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography (GC), and high-performance liqu... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133160 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133161&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21822548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ballvora A, Flath K, Lübeck J, Strahwald J, Tacke E, Hofferbert HR, Gebhardt C The obligate biotrophic, soil-borne fungus Synchytrium endobioticum causes wart disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum), which is a serious problem for crop production in countries with moderate climates. S. endobioticum induces hypertrophic cell divisions in plant host tissues leading to the formation of tumor-like structures. Potato wart is a quarantine disease and chemical control is not possible. From 38 S. endobioticum pathotypes occurring in Europe, pathotypes 1, 2, 6 and 18 are the most relevant. Genetic resistance to wart is available but only few current potato varieties are resistant to all four pathotypes. The phenotypic evaluation of wart resistance is laborious, time-consuming and someti... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133161 Fri, 05 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133162&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21814857%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim S, Song YH, Lee JY, Choi SR, Dhandapani V, Jang CS, Lim YP, Han T Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) was studied using inbred parental lines RS1 and SS1 that display strong resistance and severe susceptibility, respectively. F(1), F(2), and BC(1)F(1) populations were evaluated for their responses to downy mildew infection. Resistance to downy mildew was conditioned by a single dominant locus designated BrRHP1. A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker linked to BrRHP1 was identified using bulked segregant analysis and two molecular markers designated BrPERK15A and BrPERK15B were developed. BrPERK15B was polymorphic between the parental lines used to construct the reference linkag... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133162 Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133166&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21811817%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Melchinger AE, Technow F, Dhillon BS Recent progress in genotyping and doubled haploid (DH) techniques has created new opportunities for development of improved selection methods in numerous crops. Assuming a finite number of unlinked loci (ℓ) and a given total number (n) of individuals to be genotyped, we compared, by theory and simulations, three methods of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for gene stacking in DH lines derived from biparental crosses: (1) MAS for high values of the marker score (T, corresponding to the total number of target alleles) in the F(2) generation and subsequently among DH lines derived from the selected F(2) individual (Method 1), (2) MAS for augmented F(2) enrichment and subsequently for T among DH lines from the best carrier F(2) individual (Met... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133166 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133165&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21811818%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yu LX, Lorenz A, Rutkoski J, Singh RP, Bhavani S, Huerta-Espino J, Sorrells ME The recent emergence of wheat stem rust Ug99 and evolution of new races within the lineage threatens global wheat production because they overcome widely deployed stem rust resistance (Sr) genes that had been effective for many years. To identify loci conferring adult plant resistance to races of Ug99 in wheat, we employed an association mapping approach for 276 current spring wheat breeding lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). Breeding lines were genotyped with Diversity Array Technology (DArT) and microsatellite markers. Phenotypic data was collected on these lines for stem rust race Ug99 resistance at the adult plant stage in the stem rust resistance screening... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133165 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133165 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133164&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21811819%26dopt%3DAbstract We report here on an exhaustive in situ collection of wild, weedy and cultivated sorghum assembled in Mali and in Guinea. The extent and pattern of genetic diversity were assessed with 15 SSRs within the cultivated pool (455 accessions), the wild pool (91 wild and weedy forms) and between them. F (ST) and R (ST) statistics, distance-based trees, Bayesian clustering methods, as well as isolation by distance models, were used to infer evolutionary relationships within the wild-weedy-crop complex. Firstly, our analyses highlighted a strong racial structure of genetic diversity within cultivated sorghum (F (ST) = 0.40). Secondly, clustering analyses highlighted the introgressed nature of most of the wild and weedy sorghum and grouped them into two eco-geographical groups. Such closeness betw... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133164 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133164 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133163&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21811820%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Palomares-Rius FJ, Viruel MA, Yuste-Lisbona FJ, López-Sesé AI, Gómez-Guillamón ML A population of recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross between the Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) resistant genotype TGR-1551 and the susceptible Spanish cultivar 'Bola de Oro' has been evaluated for WMV resistance in spring, fall and growth chamber conditions. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses detected one major QTL (wmv) on linkage group (LG) XI close to the microsatellite marker CMN04_35. This QTL controls the resistance to WMV in the three environmental conditions evaluated. Other minor QTLs affecting the severity of viral symptoms were identified, but they were not detected in all the assayed environments. The screening of the marker CMN04_35 in an F(2) progeny, deri... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133163 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086665&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805338%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yan S, Zou G, Li S, Wang H, Liu H, Zhai G, Guo P, Song H, Yan C, Tao Y Rice seed size is an important agronomic trait in determining the yield potential, and four seed size related genes (GS3, GW2, qSW5/GW5 and GIF1) have been cloned in rice so far. However, the relationship among these four genes is still unclear, which will impede the process of gene pyramiding breeding program to some extent. To shade light on the relationship of above four genes, gene expression analysis was performed with GS3-RNAi, GW2-RNAi lines and CSSL of qSW5 at the transcriptional level. The results clearly showed that qSW5 and GW2 positively regulate the expression of GS3. Meanwhile, qSW5 can be down-regulated by repression of GW2 transcription. Additionally, GIF1 expression was found to be positive... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086665 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086664&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21805339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Oliver RE, Jellen EN, Ladizinsky G, Korol AB, Kilian A, Beard JL, Dumlupinar Z, Wisniewski-Morehead NH, Svedin E, Coon M, Redman RR, Maughan PJ, Obert DE, Jackson EW Nutritional benefits of cultivated oat (Avena sativa L., 2n = 6x = 42, AACCDD) are well recognized; however, seed protein levels are modest and resources for genetic improvement are scarce. The wild tetraploid, A. magna Murphy et Terrell (syn A. maroccana Gdgr., 2n = 4x = 28, CCDD), which contains approximately 31% seed protein, was hybridized with cultivated oat to produce a domesticated A. magna. Wild and cultivated accessions were crossed to generate a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Although these materials could be used to develop domesticated, high-protein oat, mapping and quantitative trai... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086664 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086667&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21800142%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sonnante G, Gatto A, Morgese A, Montemurro F, Sarli G, Blanco E, Pignone D An integrated consensus linkage map is proposed for globe artichoke. Maternal and paternal genetic maps were constructed on the basis of an F(1) progeny derived from crossing an artichoke genotype (Mola) with its progenitor, the wild cardoon (Tolfa), using EST-derived SSRs, genomic SSRs, AFLPs, ten genes, and two morphological traits. For most genes, mainly belonging to the chlorogenic acid pathway, new markers were developed. Five of these were SNP markers analyzed through high-resolution melt technology. From the maternal (Mola) and paternal (Tolfa) maps, an integrated map was obtained, containing 337 molecular and one morphological markers ordered in 17 linkage groups (LGs), linked between Mola and T... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086667 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086666&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21800143%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mazarei M, Liu W, Al-Ahmad H, Arelli PR, Pantalone VR, Stewart CN Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most devastating pathogen of soybean. Information about the molecular basis of soybean-SCN interactions is needed to assist future development of effective management tools against this pathogen. Toward this end, soybean transcript abundance was measured using the Affymetrix Soybean Genome Array in a susceptible and a resistant reaction of soybean to SCN infection. Two genetically related soybean sister lines TN02-226 and TN02-275, which are resistant and susceptible, respectively, to the SCN race 2 infection were utilized in these experiments. Pairwise comparisons followed by false discovery rate analysis indicated that the expression levels of 162 transcripts changed signific... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086666 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086670&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792631%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, by using a set of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) and near isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the indica cultivar 9311 and japonica cultivar Nipponbare, a major QTL (qS12) resulting in hybrid male sterility was mapped within ~400 kb region adjacent to the special duplicated segment on the short arm of chromosome 12. Compared to the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, the two sides of the qS12 candidate region were inverted in the indica cultivar 9311. Among 47 of the 111 rice genotypes evaluated by molecular markers, the inverted sides were detected, and found completely homologous to indica cultivar 9311. These results suggested that the two inverted sides protect the sequence in the qS12 regions from recombination. On the short-arm of chromosome 12, two QTLs S-e a... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086670 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086669&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792632%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dobrovolskaya O, Boeuf C, Salse J, Pont C, Sourdille P, Bernard M, Salina E The first microsatellite linkage map of Ae. speltoides Tausch (2n = 2x = 14, SS), which is a wild species with a genome closely related to the B and G genomes of polyploid wheats, was developed based on two F(2) mapping populations using microsatellite (SSR) markers from Ae. speltoides, wheat genomic SSRs (g-SSRs) and EST-derived SSRs. A total of 144 different microsatellite loci were mapped in the Ae. speltoides genome. The transferability of the SSRs markers between the related S, B, and G genomes allowed possible integration of new markers into the T. timopheevii G genome chromosomal maps and map-based comparisons. Thirty-one new microsatellite loci assigned to the genetic framework of the T. ti... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086669 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086668&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21792633%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chaikam V, Negeri A, Dhawan R, Puchaka B, Ji J, Chintamanani S, Gachomo EW, Zillmer A, Doran T, Weil C, Balint-Kurti P, Johal G The partially dominant, autoactive maize disease resistance gene Rp1-D21 causes hypersensitive response (HR) lesions to form spontaneously on leaves and stems in the absence of pathogen recognition. The maize nested association mapping (NAM) population consists of 25 200-line subpopulations each derived from a cross between the maize line B73 and one of 25 diverse inbred lines. By crossing a line carrying the Rp1-D21 gene with lines from three of these subpopulations and assessing the F(1) progeny, we were able to map several novel loci that modify the maize HR, using both single-population quantitative trait locus (QTL) and joint analysis of all thre... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086668 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086671&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21789706%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Shibaya T, Nonoue Y, Ono N, Yamanouchi U, Hori K, Yano M Heading date is the one of the most important traits in rice breeding, because it defines where rice can be cultivated and influences the expression of various agronomic traits. To examine the inhibition of heading by Heading date 2 (Hd2), previously detected on the distal end of chromosome 7's long arm by quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, we developed backcross inbred lines (BILs) from Koshihikari, a leading Japanese cultivar, and Hayamasari, an extremely early heading cultivar. The BILs were cultivated under natural field conditions in Tsukuba Japan, and under long-day (14.5 h), extremely long-day (18 h), and short-day (10 h) conditions. Combinations of several QTLs near Hd1, Hd2, Ghd7, Hd5, and Hd16 were det... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086671 Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5086672&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21785951%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, our goal was to develop 94 SNPs and test them across well-chosen common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm. We validated and accessed SNP diversity at 84 gene-based and 10 non-genic loci using KASPar technology in a panel of 70 genotypes that have been used as parents of mapping populations and have been previously evaluated for SSRs. SNPs exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, an excess of middle frequency polymorphism, and a within-genepool mismatch distribution as expected for populations affected by sudden demographic expansions after domestication bottlenecks. This set of markers was useful for distinguishing Andean and Mesoamerican genotypes but less useful for distinguishing within each gene pool. In summary, slightly greater polymorphism and race structure w... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5086672 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5086672 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037295&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Würschum T, Maurer HP, Kraft T, Janssen G, Nilsson C, Reif JC Recent results indicate that association mapping in populations from applied plant breeding is a powerful tool to detect QTL which are of direct relevance for breeding. The focus of this study was to unravel the genetic architecture of six agronomic traits in sugar beet. To this end, we employed an association mapping approach, based on a very large population of 924 elite sugar beet lines from applied plant breeding, fingerprinted with 677 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers covering the entire genome. We show that in this population linkage disequilibrium decays within a short genetic distance and is sufficient for the detection of QTL with a large effect size. To increase the QTL detection power and the... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037295 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037294&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiang C, Ramchiary N, Ma Y, Jin M, Feng J, Li R, Wang H, Long Y, Choi SR, Zhang C, Cowling WA, Park BS, Lim YP, Meng J Brassica napus (AACC genome) is an important oilseed crop that was formed by the fusion of the diploids B. rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC). The complete genomic sequence of the Brassica A genome will be available soon from the B. rapa genome sequencing project, but it is not clear how informative the A genome sequence in B. rapa (A(r)) will be for predicting the structure and function of the A subgenome in the allotetraploid Brassica species B. napus (A(n)). In this paper, we report the results of structural and functional comparative mapping between the A subgenomes of B. napus and B. rapa based on genetic maps that were anchored with bacterial artificial chro... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037294 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037293&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21761163%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of candidate genes on flowering time. Using a collection of hexaploid wheat composed of 235 lines from diverse geographical origins, we conducted an association study for six candidate genes for flowering time and its components (vernalization sensitivity and earliness per se). The effect on the variation of earliness components of polymorphisms within the copies of each gene was tested in ANOVA models accounting for the underlying genetic structure. The collection was structured in five groups that minimized the residual covariance. Vernalization requirement and lateness tend to increase according to the mean latitude of each group. Heading date for an autumnal sowing was mainly determined by the earliness per se. Except for the Con... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037293 Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037296&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21755339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma H, Kong Z, Fu B, Li N, Zhang L, Jia H, Ma Z Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most serious wheat diseases. The rapid evolution of the pathogen's virulence, due to the heavy use of resistance genes, necessitates the expansion of resistance gene diversity. The common wheat line D57 is highly resistant to powdery mildew. A genetic analysis using an F(2) population derived from the cross of D57 with the susceptible cultivar Yangmai 158 and the derived F(2:3) lines indicated that D57 carries two dominant powdery mildew resistance genes. Based on mapping information of polymorphic markers identified by bulk segregant analysis, these two genes were assigned to chromosomes 5DS and 6DS. Using the F(2:3) lines that segregated in a single-gene m... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037296 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037297&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21751014%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the relationship of PTN to agronomic traits using recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from crosses Reeder/Conan, McNeal/Thatcher and Reeder/McNeal grown under a range of environments, and (2) to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with high PTN. Correlation between PTN and plot weight ranged from r = 0.4-0.6 among the populations based on combined means over years, and was positive in every environment for all crosses (P < 0.05). A genetic map generated for the Reeder/Conan RIL allowed identification of a QTL for PTN consistent over environments, located on chromosome 6B. The QTL on chromosome 6B (QTn.mst-6B) explained 9-17% of the variation of PTN and co-segregated with a QTL for yield in th... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037297 Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037299&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21744228%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated that the chromosomal region surrounding qLTG3-1 was under selection during rice breeding programs in a local region of Japan, Hokkaido. qLTG3-1 is a major quantitative trait loci controlling tolerance to low-temperature at the seed germination stage in rice, termed low-temperature germinability. A clear association between qLTG3-1 alleles and low-temperature germinability was detected among 64 rice cultivars from Hokkaido. The allele with a loss-of-function mutation seemed to be selected during rice breeding programs. Comparison of haplotype patterns along with the short arm of chromosome 3 revealed that the selection of qLTG3-1 alleles was focused on a distinct chromosomal region of at most 130 kb. In the short arm of chromosome 3, two major traits associated with... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037299 Fri, 08 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037298&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21744229%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates that AM can be a useful approach to identify and map novel genomic regions involved in resistance to P. tritici-repentis. PMID: 21744229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics) TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037298 Fri, 08 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037304&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21739137%26dopt%3DAbstract This study is concerned with predicting two quantitative traits, milk yield in dairy cattle and grain yield in wheat, using dense molecular markers as predictors. Two support vector regression (SVR) models, ε-SVR and least-squares SVR, were explored and compared to a widely applied linear regression model, the Bayesian Lasso, the latter assuming additive marker effects. Predictive performance was measured using predictive correlation and mean squared error of prediction. Depending on the kernel function chosen, SVR can model either linear or nonlinear relationships between phenotypes and marker genotypes. For milk yield, where phenotypes were estimated breeding values of bulls (a linear combination of the data), SVR with a Gaussian radial basis function (RBF) kernel had a slightly better ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037304 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037303&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21739138%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xue S, Xu F, Tang M, Zhou Y, Li G, An X, Lin F, Xu H, Jia H, Zhang L, Kong Z, Ma Z Qfhi.nau-5A is a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) against Fusarium graminearum infection in the resistant wheat germplasm Wangshuibai. Genetic analysis using BC(3)F(2) and BC(4)F(2) populations, derived from selfing two near-isogenic lines (NIL) heterozygous at Qfhi.nau-5A that were developed, respectively, with Mianyang 99-323 and PH691 as the recurrent parent, showed that Qfhi.nau-5A inherited like a single dominant gene. This QTL was thus designated as Fhb5. To fine map it, these two backcross populations and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Nanda2419 × Wangshuibai were screened for recombinants occurring between its two flanking markers Xbarc56 and Xbarc100. Nin... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037303 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037302&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21739139%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Silvar C, Casas AM, Igartua E, Ponce-Molina LJ, Gracia MP, Schweizer G, Herz M, Flath K, Waugh R, Kopahnke D, Ordon F Twenty-two landrace-derived inbred lines from the Spanish Barley Core Collection (SBCC) were found to display high levels of resistance to a panel of 27 isolates of the fungus Blumeria graminis that exhibit a wide variety of virulences. Among these lines, SBCC145 showed high overall resistance and a distinctive spectrum of resistance compared with the other lines. Against this background, the main goal of the present work was to investigate the genetic basis underlying such resistance using a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between SBCC145 and the elite spring cultivar Beatrix. The population was genotyped with the 1,536-SNP Illumina GoldenGate ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037302 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5037301&cid=s_36094_50_f&fid=36094&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21739140%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we used three types of wheat-barley species (Hordeum vulgare, H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum, and H. chilense) chromosome addition lines and studied the effect of chromosome 5H of these species on wheat grain characteristics. The 5H chromosome addition lines showed significantly lower grain hardness and higher grain weight than the corresponding wheat parents. The effect of enhancing grain softness was largest in the wheat-H. chilense line regardless of having an increase in grain weight similar to those in the wheat-H. vulgare and wheat-H. spontaneum lines. Our results indicated that chromosome 5H of the Hordeum species plays a role in enhancing grain softness and increasing grain weight in the wheat genetic background, and the extent of effect on grain hardness depends on the ... TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5037301 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5037301