MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'The American Journal on Addictions' source. Fri, 31 Dec 2010 11:03:20 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090534&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958844%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ducharme LJ, Knudsen HK, Abraham AJ, Roman PM Counselor attitudes toward evidence-based practices, such as motivational incentives/contingency management (MI/CM), are important in bridging the gap between research and practice. Mailed surveys from 1,959 substance abuse treatment counselors showed ambivalence toward MI/CM and strong disagreement with using monetary rewards for achievement of treatment goals. Attitudes were associated with counselors' educational attainment, a 12-step treatment ideology, affiliation with NIDA's Clinical Trials Network, and working in opioid treatment programs. Exposure to MI/CM via training was more strongly associated with attitudes when counselors worked in programs that had adopted MI/CM. While there is substantial resistance to MI/CM, dissem... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090534 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:29:20 +0100 4090534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090533&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958845%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the relationship between STIs and substance use. Of the 54,623 respondents, 1%  reported a past-year STI. STI was associated with alcohol abuse/dependence (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.3), and marijuana use (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0); but not with past-year alcohol use, cocaine use, nonmedical use of prescription opioids, or past-month binge or heavy drinking. A diagnosis of an STI should prompt clinicians to screen for substance use, in particular, alcohol abuse/dependence and marijuana use. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-6). PMID: 20958845 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090533 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:28:56 +0100 4090533 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090532&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958846%26dopt%3DAbstract This study confirms that the sooner MA-dependent people are able to quit using and the longer that they are able to stay abstinent, the more likely it is that their craving for MA will decrease over time. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1-5). PMID: 20958846 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090532 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:28:27 +0100 4090532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4090529&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20958848%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Smith RC, Frank C, Gardiner JC, Lamerato L, Rost KM Multidisciplinary experts created a behaviorally defined preliminary criterion standard definition of probable prescription opioid misuse (PPOM) that could be rated from material found in administrative, pharmacy, and electronic health record databases. They then derived a scoring system to identify PPOM patients requiring referral to a specialist. Experts next rated cases of misuse and nonmisuse. Rater no. 1 correctly differentiated 37 of 40 cases (92.5%); kappa coefficient was .79 (CI: .57, 1.00). Rater no. 2 correctly identified 39 of 40 cases (97.5%); kappa was .94 (CI: .81, 1.00). Kappa for comparing raters was .73 (CI: .49, .98). This preliminary study demonstrates that multidisciplinary raters can use behaviorally base... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4090529 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 04:27:27 +0100 4090529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246035&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132115%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miller SI PMID: 20132115 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246035 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246034&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132116%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McCance-Katz EF, Mandell TW PMID: 20132116 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246034 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246034 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246033&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132117%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McCance-Katz EF, Sullivan LE, Nallani S Drug interactions are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Methadone and buprenorphine are frequently prescribed for the treatment of opioid addiction. Patients needing treatment with these medications often have co-occurring medical and mental illnesses that require medication treatment. The abuse of illicit substances is also common in opioid-addicted individuals. These clinical realities place patients being treated with methadone and buprenorphine at risk for potentially toxic drug interactions. A substantial literature has accumulated on drug interactions between either methadone or buprenorphine with other medications when ingested concomitantly by humans. This review summarizes current literature in this area. (Am J Addict ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246033 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246033 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246032&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132118%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the results of a study designed to examine the interaction between buprenorphine and the nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) didanosine (ddI), lamivudine (3TC), and tenofovir (TDF). Opioid-dependent, buprenorphine/naloxone-maintained, HIV-negative volunteers (n = 27) participated in two 24-hour sessions to determine (1) pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine alone and (2) pharmacokinetics of both buprenorphine and either ddI, 3TC, or TDF. Among buprenorphine/naloxone-maintained study participants, no significant changes in buprenorphine pharmacokinetics were observed following ddI, 3TC, or TDF administration. Buprenorphine had no significant effect on NRTI concentrations. Concomitant use of buprenorphine with ddI, 3TC, or TDF results in neither a significant pharmaco... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246032 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246032 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246031&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132119%26dopt%3DAbstract This study was conducted to determine whether drug interactions of clinical importance occur between buprenorphine, an opioid partial agonist medication used in treatment of opioid dependence, and the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) nevirapine. Opioid-dependent, buprenorphine/naloxone-maintained, HIV-negative volunteers (n = 7) participated in 24-hour sessions to determine the pharmacokinetics of buprenorphine alone and of buprenorphine and nevirapine following administration of 200 mg nevirapine daily for 15 days. Opiate withdrawal symptoms, cognitive effects, and adverse events were determined prior to and following nevirapine administration. Modest decreases were observed for AUC for buprenorphine and its metabolites. There was a trend for more rapid clearance of b... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246031 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246031 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246030&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132120%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McCance-Katz EF, Rainey PM, Moody DE The effect of chronic cocaine use on buprenorphine pharmacokinetics was investigated to identify drug interactions and potential toxicities. In a retrospective analysis, pharmacokinetics were compared for 16 studies completed on subjects who were regular cocaine users and 74 studies on subjects who used cocaine only occasionally or not at all. All participants were stably maintained on buprenorphine/naloxone 16/4 mg daily. Participants who used cocaine regularly had lower buprenorphine exposure (AUC 34% lower; C(max) 27% lower and C(24) 37% lower; p </= .001 for all comparisons). Regular cocaine users were younger (p = .0007), and used more heroin (p = .004) and cocaine (p < .0001). Regular cocaine use may result in lower buprenorphin... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246030 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246029&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132121%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we investigated whether a similar drug interaction occurred between cocaine and methadone. In a retrospective analysis, methadone pharmacokinetics were compared for those who were either regular cocaine users (N = 16) or with intermittent or no cocaine use (N = 23). Participants who used cocaine regularly showed a significant decrease in C(min) (p = .04) and a trend for decreased AUC (p = .09) and more rapid methadone clearance (p = .08). Regular cocaine use may adversely impact treatment outcomes for opioid dependence in those receiving methadone maintenance by decreasing methadone exposure. (Am J Addict 2009;19:47-52). PMID: 20132121 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246029 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246028&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132122%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sullivan LE, Moore BA, O'Connor PG, Barry DT, Chawarski MC, Schottenfeld RS, Fiellin DA Cocaine use in patients receiving methadone is associated with worse treatment outcomes. The association between cocaine use and office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment outcomes is not known. We evaluated the association between baseline and in-treatment cocaine use, treatment retention, and urine toxicology results in 162 patients enrolled in a 24-week trial of primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone maintenance. Patients with baseline cocaine metabolite-negative urine toxicology tests compared with those with cocaine metabolite-positive tests had more mean weeks of treatment retention (18.3 vs. 15.8, p = .04), a greater percentage completed 24 weeks of treatment (50% vs. 33... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246028 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246027&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132123%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lintzeris N, Nielsen S Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are widely used by heroin users not in treatment, and by patients in methadone and buprenorphine (BPN) treatment. This review examines the epidemiology of BZD use by opioid users, and the range of harms that are associated with BZD use in this group, including the association of BZD use with opioid-related mortality. Preclinical and clinical data regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between methadone, buprenorphine, and BZDs are reviewed. An overview of treatment approaches for managing BZD use in this population is presented, including strategies for minimizing abuse and addressing BZD dependence. (Am J Addict 2009;19:59-72). PMID: 20132123 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246027 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246025&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132124%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Maxwell JC, McCance-Katz EF Abuse of prescription opioids is a growing problem. The number of methadone pain pills distributed now exceeds liquid methadone used in opioid treatment, and the increases in buprenorphine indicators provide evidence of the need to monitor and intervene to decrease the abuse of this drug. The need for additional and improved data to track trends is discussed, along with findings as to the characteristics of the users and combinations of drugs. Data on toxicities related to methadone or buprenorphine, particularly in combination with other prescribed drugs, are presented and clinical implications and considerations are offered. These findings underscore the need for physicians to be aware of potential toxicities and to educate their patients regardin... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246025 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246024&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132125%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Boyer EW, McCance-Katz EF, Marcus S Recent years have seen very large increases in the prescribing of methadone and buprenorphine formulations for treatment of opioid addiction as well as the increasing utilization of methadone for the treatment of chronic pain. Coincident with the rise in the prescribing of these drugs has been a substantial increase in pediatric opioid toxicities and adverse events. This review will address the current state of methadone- and buprenorphine-related adverse events in children in the United States. We will also discuss treatment of opioid toxicity in pediatric populations and make recommendations aimed at reducing these occurrences. (Am J Addict 2009;19:89-95). PMID: 20132125 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246024 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3246023&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20132126%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Khalsa JH, Elkashef A Today substance dependence is one of the major public health problems in the world with millions of people abusing legal and illegal drugs. In addition, almost one-third of the world's population suffers with one or more infections. Both drugs of abuse and infections are associated with serious medical and health consequences, some of which may be exacerbated by the occurrence of pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic interactions between medications used in the treatment of these conditions when they co-occur. This review briefly discusses issues surrounding clinical management related to drug interactions experienced by substance abusing patients. The emphasis of this paper is on the research needed to further study the extent, nature, and underlying mo... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3246023 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3246023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948625&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874165%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barry D, Clarke M, Petry NM Obesity is a major public health problem and notoriously difficult to treat. There are many parallels between obesity/overeating and addictions to alcohol and drugs. This paper discusses similarities between obesity and addictive disorders, including common personality characteristics, disruptive behavior syndromes, and brain mechanisms. Although there are important differences between overeating and other addictive behaviors, an addiction model of overeating may effectively inform prevention and treatment of obesity. PMID: 19874165 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948625 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948624&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874166%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates the potential heterogeneity of ecstasy or MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine) users. Data came from the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression procedures were used to identify subtypes of ecstasy users. Approximately 1.6% (n = 562) of adult participants (N = 43,093) reported lifetime ecstasy use. LCA identified three subtypes of ecstasy users. Class 1 exhibited pervasive use of most drug classes (ecstasy-polydrug users, 37%). Class 2 reported a high rate of use of marijuana and cocaine and a moderate use of amphetamines (ecstasy-marijuana-stimulant users, 29%). Class 3 was characterized by a high rate of use of marijuana and a low use of primarily p... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948624 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948623&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874167%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schreiber L, Odlaug BL, Kim SW, Grant JE This analysis compares the characteristics of adult pathological gamblers with and without a problem gambling parent. A sample of 517 individuals with current DSM-IV pathological gambling was categorized based on presence of a parental problem gambler. Groups were compared on clinical characteristics, gambling severity, gambling-related problems, and psychiatric comorbidity. Although the groups were similar on most measures, pathological gamblers with at least one problem gambling parent were more likely to have a father with an alcohol abuse/dependence problem; have financial and legal problems; and report daily nicotine use. Females with a problem gambling parent had significantly earlier onset of gambling behavior, were significantly... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948623 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948622&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874168%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the influence of the psychiatric comorbidity of MMT patients on their quality of life. A total of 193 middle-aged patients in long-term MMT were assessed for current and lifetime Axis I psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, and personality disorders using the MINI, the CIDI-SAM, and the SIDP-IV. Quality of life (Qol) was assessed using the EQ-5D. Psychiatric comorbidity was documented in 78% of the patients. Mood disorders (60%) and anxiety disorders (46%) were the most common diagnoses. Additional substance use disorders were diagnosed in 70% of the MMT patients. While a probable personality disorder was documented for 65% of the patients, 66 of these patients actually showed an antisocial personality disorder. Qol was severely diminished to a level comparabl... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948622 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948621&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874169%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De La Garza R, Ashbrook LH, Evans SE, Jacobsen CA, Kalechstein AD, Newton TF It has long been postulated that stress increases the risk of drug abuse and relapse. The principal goal of this project was to evaluate the effects of verbal recall of a recent stress experience (specifically meaningful to each individual) on physiological and subjective measures in cocaine-addicted participants. Subjects described a recent stressful non-drug-related experience and a neutral non-stressful experience, and then completed mood and drug effect questionnaires, while heart rate and blood pressure were recorded. Participants (N = 25) were predominantly African American and male. As a group, participants used cocaine for more than 15 years and approximately 18 of the last 30 days, and a majo... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948621 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948620&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pedersen MU, Hesse M Predicting relapse after alcoholism treatment can be useful in targeting patients for aftercare services. However, a valid and practical instrument for predicting relapse risk does not exist. Based on a prospective study of alcoholism treatment, we developed the Risk of Alcoholic Relapse Scale (RARS) using items taken from the Addiction Severity Index and some basic demographic information. The RARS was cross-validated using two non-overlapping samples, and tested for its ability to predict relapse across different models of treatment. The RARS predicted relapse to drinking within 6 months after alcoholism treatment in both the original and the validation sample, and in a second validation sample it predicted admission to new treatment 3 years after treatm... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948620 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948619&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874171%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tremblay KA, Bona JM, Kranzler HR Given inconsistent findings in published studies, we examined whether a personal lifetime history of alcohol dependence (AD) or a parental history of alcoholism affected preference for sweet solutions. Ninety-three alcohol-dependent subjects rated the intensity and hedonic value of five different sucrose solutions, which was compared with similar data from 122 subjects screened to exclude alcohol dependence. The effect of a family history of alcoholism (FH) was examined in the AD group. Neither the diagnosis of AD nor a family history of alcoholism was associated with ratings of sweetness intensity or sweet preference. These findings do not support the hypothesis that sucrose preference is positively associated with either a personal lifetime ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948619 Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948639&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang YL, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Farrer LA, Pearson D, Cubells JF Chronic use of cocaine is associated with a variety of behavioral symptoms. The current report describes the assessment of cocaine-related behavioral symptoms (CRB) using the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms of Cocaine-Induced Psychosis (SAPS-CIP). The CRB section, one of the three domains in the SAPS-CIP, consists of sub-domains, including Aggressive/Agitated Behavior, Repetitive/Stereotyped Behavior, and Unusual Social or Sexual Behavior. Severity scores are assigned according to operational criteria, and range from 0 (not present) to 5 (severe). We interviewed 261 unrelated cocaine-abusing adults using the SAPS-CIP, and 243 of them met criteria for inclusion in the study. The proportion of subjects... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948639 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948638&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874152%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the uses of diverted methadone and buprenorphine among opiate-addicted individuals recruited from new admissions to methadone programs and from out-of-treatment individuals recruited from the streets. Self-report data regarding diversion were obtained from surveys and semi-structured qualitative interviews. Approximately 16% (n = 84) of the total sample (N = 515) reported using diverted (street) methadone two-three times per week for six months or more, and for an average of 7.8 days (SD = 10.3) within the past month. The group reporting lifetime use of diverted methadone as compared to the group that did not report such use was less likely to use heroin and cocaine in the 30 days prior to admission (ps <.01) and had lower ASI Drug Composite scores (p <.05). Parti... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948638 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948637&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874153%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmitz JM, Lindsay JA, Green CE, Herin DV, Stotts AL, Gerard Moeller F This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the effects of high-dose (100 mg/d) naltrexone versus placebo in a sample of 87 randomized subjects with both cocaine and alcohol dependence. Medication conditions were crossed with two behavioral therapy platforms that examined whether adding contingency management (CM) that targeted cocaine abstinence would enhance naltrexone effects compared to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) without CM. Primary outcome measures for cocaine (urine screens) and alcohol use (timeline followback) were collected thrice-weekly during 12 weeks of treatment. Retention in treatment and medication compliance rates were low. Rates of cocaine use and drinks per da... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948637 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948636&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874154%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Klanecky AK, Salvi S, McChargue DE The current study examined childhood sexual abuse (CSA) as a potential moderator of the "gateway theory" association of cigarette use onset and college drug use. Covariate adjusted hierarchical regressions showed that CSA history interacted with age of first cigarette to predict total 12-month illicit drug use frequency (Delta R(2) =.048, F(10, 76) = 4.041, Mse = 8.812, p =.021). Simple effects revealed that age of first cigarette predicted drug use frequency in individuals with CSA histories (p =.045) rather than non-CSA individuals (p =.103). Exploratory analyses further revealed that the CSA moderation was carried primarily by those exposed to forced/coerced CSA events. Implications of the findings are discussed. PMID: 19874154 [PubMed... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948636 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948635&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874155%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the effects of tobacco Purchase, Use and Possession (PUP) laws on student perceptions of adolescent tobacco use within towns and schools. Twenty-four towns were randomly assigned into two conditions, the experimental condition (E PUP) involved efforts to increase both PUP law enforcement and reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco, whereas the control condition (C) focused only on efforts to reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco. A hierarchical linear modeling analytical approach was selected due to the multilevel data and nested design. The present study found that over time, youth in the experimental PUP condition observed less youth tobacco usage at school and in their town, and perceived lower rates of tobacco among their peers at sc... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948635 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948634&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874156%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study we present the addiction severity profile in a sample of 202 cocaine addicts, using the composite scores for each area of the EuropASI (European version of the ASI), which are compared with the severity ratings obtained through interviewers' subjective assessments. The results showed that the areas of the EuropASI which reflected the greatest severity according to the composite scores were, in the following order: employment/support, family/social situation, use of alcohol and psychiatric state. The results obtained with the composite scores show discrepancies with those obtained from the severity rating. Statistically significant differences were found in the areas of alcohol (Z = -6.205; p < 0.001), drugs (Z = -11.902; p < 0.001), family/social (Z = -6.915; p < 0.0... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948634 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948633&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874157%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barry DT, Beitel M, Cutter CJ, Garnet B, Joshi D, Schottenfeld RS, Rounsaville BJ We surveyed 150 methadone maintenance treatment program (MMTP) patients about pain, pain treatment utilization, perceived efficacy of prior pain treatment, and interest in pursuing pain treatment at the MMTP. Respondents with chronic severe pain (CSP) (ie, pain lasting at least six months with moderate to severe pain intensity or significant pain interference) and "some pain" (ie, pain reported in the previous week but not CSP) endorsed similar rates of past-week and lifetime allopathic or standard medical (with the exception of lifetime medical use of non-opiate medication) and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) utilization for pain reduction. Prior pain treatments were perceived to be... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948633 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948632&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dixon LB, Medoff D, Goldberg R, Lucksted A, Kreyenbuhl J, DiClemente C, Potts W, Leith J, Brown C, Adams C, Afful J We tested whether implementing the "5 A's" (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) at six mental health centers reduces smoking among persons with serious mental illness. One hundred and fifty six patients were evaluated just before initiating the 5 A's and after six and 12 months. A delayed control condition evaluated 148 patients six months before 5 A's implementation, just before and then after six months. Six months of the 5 A's produced no effect. Modest cessation and reduction benefits were noted after 12 months. Implementing the 5 A's at community mental health centers may have modest benefit after twelve months. PMID: 19874158 [PubMed - in process] (So... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948632 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948631&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874159%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Adler L, Wilens T, Zhang S, Durell T, Walker D, Schuh L, Jin L, Feldman P, Trzepacz P This post hoc analysis compared the safety of atomoxetine treatment of ADHD in adults with or without comorbid alcohol abuse/dependence. Study completion rates in patients receiving atomoxetine were comparable between heavy drinkers (60.9%) and patients with no alcohol-use disorder (71.0%) but lower in nonheavy drinkers (35.7%); however, there was no significant difference in discontinuation rates due to adverse events or lack of efficacy among these groups. Alcohol-use disorder patients, especially heavy drinkers, generally experienced the greatest frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events in both the atomoxetine and placebo groups. Vital signs and measures of hepatic function were not ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948631 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948630&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874160%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined social support in pathological gamblers and its relationship with treatment outcomes. Low baseline social support was associated with increased severity of gambling, family, and psychiatric problems and poorer post-treatment outcomes. Further, social support assessed post-treatment was significantly related to severity of gambling problems at the 12-month follow-up. These findings demonstrate that social support plays an important role in moderating outcomes, and enhancing social support may be an important aspect of effective gambling treatments. PMID: 19874160 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948630 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948629&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bonn-Miller MO, Zvolensky MJ The present investigation examined marijuana use, abuse, and dependence in relation to self-reported marijuana use behaviors and motives, as well as concurrent cigarette and problematic alcohol use among a sample of young adult current marijuana users (n = 200; 44.5% women; M(age) = 21.48, SD = 6.54). Preliminary results broadly indicated that more severe forms of marijuana use (eg, dependence) were associated with a more problematic pattern of marijuana use behavior, polysubstance use, and greater motivation to use marijuana for multiple reasons. Results are discussed in relation to better understanding the underlying nature of marijuana use and its disorders among young adults. PMID: 19874161 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journa... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948629 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948628&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874162%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Basu D, Banerjee A, Harish T, Mattoo SK Dextropropoxyphene (DPP), a weak opioid, is often abused as a psychoactive substance. In this retrospective chart review to document, characterize and put in perspective the often-obtained history of epileptic seizures in patients with DPP abuse, we analyzed the case files of all patients with DPP abuse registered in our center (a tertiary-care drug de-addiction clinic in north India) from May 1, 2001 until April 30, 2007 and those with use of other opioids during the same period. Non-drug-related seizures were excluded from analysis. Out of 312 patients with DPP abuse, 63 (20.2%) had epileptic seizures related to DPP use, in contrast to 0.4% -4.2% of other opioid users. The seizures were mostly characterized as generalized tonic-clonic ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948628 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948627&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874163%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates the association between cigarette use and current mood/anxiety disorders among pregnant opioid-dependent patients. Pregnant methadone-maintained women (N = 122) completed the Addiction Severity Index and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Participants were categorized based on past 30 days cigarette use: no (n = 15) and any smoking (n = 107); this latter group was then subdivided into light (one to ten cigarettes/day; n = 55), and heavy smokers (11+ cigarettes/day; n = 52). Any smoking was significantly associated with any current mood/anxiety disorder (p < 0.001), any current mood disorder (p = 0.007), and any current anxiety disorder (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between specific level of cigarette use and mood/anxiety disorders. T... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948627 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2948626&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19874164%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fisk JE, Montgomery C The present study investigated aspects of sleep quality in ecstasy and cannabis users. Two-hundred and twenty seven participants (117 ecstasy/polydrug users, 53 cannabis users and 57 drug naive participants) took part. The participants completed measures of daytime sleepiness, and indicators of sleep quality. The results demonstrated that ecstasy/polydrug users viewed themselves as being more evening types and having poorer sleep quality than cannabis users and drug naive participants. They were also more likely to have missed a night's sleep. The reported differences in sleep type may reflect ecstasy-related serotonergic dysfunction resulting in problems with shifting circadian rhythms. PMID: 19874164 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2948626 Tue, 01 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2948626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528428&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444729%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Niehaus JL, Cruz-Bermudez ND, Kauer JA The development of drug addiction progresses along a continuum from acute drug use to compulsive use and drug seeking behavior. Many researchers have focused on identifying the physiological mechanisms involved in drug addiction in order to develop effective pharmacotherapies. Neuroplasticity, the putative mechanism underlying learning and memory, is modified by drugs of abuse and may contribute to the development of the eventual addicted state. Innovative treatments directly targeting these drug-induced changes in brain reward components and circuits may be efficacious in reducing drug use and relapse. PMID: 19444729 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528428 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:34 +0100 2528428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528426&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mysels D There is increasing evidence that the kappa-opiate receptor, in addition to the mu-opiate receptor, plays an important role in substance use pathophysiology and behavior. As dopamine activity is upregulated through chronic substance use, kappa receptor activity, mediated through the peptide dynorphin, is upregulated in parallel. Dynorphin causes dysphoria and decreased locomotion, and the upregulation of its activity on the kappa receptor likely dampens the excitation caused by increased dopaminergic activity. This feedback mechanism may have significant clinical implications for treating drug dependent patients in various stages of their pathology. PMID: 19444730 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528426 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:32 +0100 2528426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528424&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444731%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Graff FS, Morgan TJ, Epstein EE, McCrady BS, Cook SM, Jensen NK, Kelly S Reviews of the dropout literature note significant attrition from addiction treatment. However, consistent predictors have not been identified and few studies have examined factors related to retention and engagement for women in gender-specific treatment. The current study consisted of 102 women and their partners randomized to individual or couples outpatient alcoholism treatment. Women attended more treatment sessions if they were assigned to individual treatment, older, had fewer symptoms of alcohol dependence, had more satisfying marital relationships, had spouses who drank, and had matched preference for treatment condition. Women were more engaged in treatment (ie, completed more assigned homework)... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528424 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:29 +0100 2528424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528422&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444732%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined HIV risk behaviors in heroin (n = 27) and oxycodone (n = 23) users seeking inpatient detoxification at a private psychiatric hospital. Drug use histories were similar, except oxycodone users used marijuana more frequently. Injection drug risk occurred exclusively among heroin users. The rates of sexual activity (66%), unprotected intercourse (69%), sex while intoxicated (74%), and sex with strangers (24%) were similar, but more oxycodone users had multiple partners (39% vs. 6%, p < .05). HIV prevention efforts should target both heroin and oxycodone users. PMID: 19444732 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528422 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:26 +0100 2528422 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528420&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444733%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Newton TF, De La Garza R, Kalechstein AD, Tziortzis D, Jacobsen CA A variety of preclinical models have been constructed to emphasize unique aspects of addiction-like behavior. These include Negative Reinforcement ("Pain Avoidance"), Positive Reinforcement ("Pleasure Seeking"), Incentive Salience ("Craving"), Stimulus Response Learning ("Habits"), and Inhibitory Control Dysfunction ("Impulsivity"). We used a survey to better understand why methamphetamine-dependent research volunteers (N = 73) continue to use methamphetamine, or relapse to methamphetamine use after a period of cessation of use. All participants met DSM-IV criteria for methamphetamine abuse or dependence, and did not meet criteria for other current Axis I psychiatric disorders or dependence on other drugs of ab... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528420 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:23 +0100 2528420 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528418&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444734%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined, in an independent sample, a previously observed association between moderate cannabis use and improved retention in naltrexone treatment. Opioid dependent patients (N = 63), admitted for inpatient detoxification and induction onto oral naltrexone, and randomized into a six-month trial of intensive behavioral therapy (Behavioral Naltrexone Therapy) versus a control behavioral therapy (Compliance Enhancement), were classified into three levels of cannabis use during treatment based on biweekly urine toxicology: abstinent (0% cannabis positive urine samples); intermittent use (1% to 79% cannabis positive samples); and consistent use (80% or greater cannabis positive samples). Intermittent cannabis users showed superior retention in naltrexone treatment (median days retain... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528418 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:21 +0100 2528418 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528416&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444735%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marshall EC, Vujanovic AA, Kutz A, Gibson L, Leyro T, Zvolensky MJ The present investigation examined intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for quitting among daily cigarette smokers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as compared to clinical daily smokers with other anxiety and mood disorders (AM) and daily smokers with no current Axis I psychopathology (C) prior to a self-guided quit attempt. It was hypothesized that (1) the PTSD group would report greater intrinsic (ie, self-control and health concerns) reasons for quitting smoking, and (2) among those with PTSD, anxiety sensitivity (fear of anxiety; AS) would predict greater intrinsic reasons for quitting smoking. Participants were 143 (58.7% female; M(age) = 29.66 years, SD = 11.88) daily cigarette smokers. Partially cons... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528416 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:18 +0100 2528416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528414&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444736%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines smoking behavior in a sample of 231 opioid-dependent clients entering therapeutic community treatment, and investigates the relationship between smoking behavior and drug treatment outcomes. We applied regression analyses for selected Addiction Severity Index composites (alcohol, drug, medical, psychiatric), including factors for smoking (number of cigarettes per day, expired-air carbon monoxide level, nicotine dependence), time (baseline, 6 and 12-month), and smoking-by-time interaction. This study confirmed a high smoking prevalence (95%) among opioid users. Among participants interviewed at all time points (n = 206), 13% shifted from smoking to non-smoking status at some time after admission. Participants who reported a greater number of cigarettes were more likely t... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528414 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:15 +0100 2528414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528412&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444738%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sepehrmanesh Z, Ahmadvand A PMID: 19444738 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528412 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:12 +0100 2528412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528410&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444739%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mowla A, Asadipooya K PMID: 19444739 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528410 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:10 +0100 2528410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2528408&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19444740%26dopt%3DAbstract Comment on "Outcomes of DATA certification trainings for the provision of buprenorphine treatment in the Veterans Health Administration". Am J Addict. 2009 Jul-Aug;18(4):336; author reply 337-8 Authors: Small MD PMID: 19444740 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2528408 Sat, 27 Jun 2009 12:39:07 +0100 2528408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302856&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340636%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sewell RA, Poling J, Sofuoglu M The prevalence of both alcohol and cannabis use and the high morbidity associated with motor vehicle crashes has lead to a plethora of research on the link between the two. Drunk drivers are involved in 25% of motor vehicle fatalities, and many accidents involve drivers who test positive for cannabis. Cannabis and alcohol acutely impair several driving-related skills in a dose-related fashion, but the effects of cannabis vary more between individuals than they do with alcohol because of tolerance, differences in smoking technique, and different absorptions of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana. Detrimental effects of cannabis use vary in a dose-related fashion, and are more pronounced with highly automatic dr... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302856 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:43:27 +0100 2302856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302855&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340637%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigated the unique effect of gender on individual alcohol problems by controlling both consumption and intoxication in a sample of 1,331 undergraduate drinkers. Gender independently influenced the risk of experiencing seven of nine negative consequences: (a) being female increased risk for tolerance, blacking out, passing out, drinking after promising not to, and getting injured; (b) being male increased risk for damaging property and going to school drunk. Gender patterns should be explored in a wider set of alcohol-related problems. PMID: 19340637 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302855 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:43:21 +0100 2302855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302854&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340638%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Singh SM, Basu D, Kohli A, Prabhakar S Event-related-potentials (especially P300) and cognitive functioning as potential endophenotypes have not been studied in opioid dependence. We compared auditory P300 and cognitive functions in opioid-dependent men, their brothers and normal controls in an exploratory study with a view to find shared genetic factors in the development of opioid dependence. Twenty abstinent opioid-dependent males, their brothers and twenty matched controls were administered Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), digit span test, trail making test-B, and auditory event-related potentials (P300) from an oddball task were recorded. The opioid dependent group performed the worst, the brothers group was intermediate, and the control group performed the best on tes... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302854 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:43:10 +0100 2302854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302853&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340639%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu LT, Blazer DG, Patkar AA, Stitzer ML, Wakim PG, Brooner RK We investigated the presence of DSM-IV subtyping for dependence on cocaine and amphetamines (with versus without physical dependence) among outpatient stimulant users enrolled in a multisite study of the Clinical Trials Network (CTN). Three mutually exclusive groups were identified: primary cocaine users (n = 287), primary amphetamine users (n = 99), and dual users (cocaine and amphetamines; n = 29). Distinct subtypes were examined with latent class and logistic regression procedures. Cocaine users were distinct from amphetamine users in age and race/ethnicity. There were four distinct classes of primary cocaine users: non-dependence (15%), compulsive use (14%), tolerance and compulsive use (15%), and physiological ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302853 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:42:55 +0100 2302853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302852&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340640%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Toneatto T, Brands B, Selby P The efficacy of naltrexone as a treatment for concurrent alcohol abuse or dependence and pathological gambling was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Fifty-two, mostly male, subjects were recruited from the community and received 11 weeks of medication during which cognitive-behavioral counseling was also provided. No significant group differences were found on any alcohol or gambling variable (ie, frequency, quantity, expenditures) at post-treatment or at the one year follow-up. However, a strong time effect was found suggesting that treatment, in general, was effective. The use of naltrexone to treat concurrent alcohol use and gambling problems was not supported. PMID: 19340640 [PubMed - in process] (Source: T... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302852 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:42:41 +0100 2302852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302851&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340641%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the effect of the co-occurrence of multiple categories of maltreatment on adolescent alcohol use. Data were from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health which used a nationally representative sample of adolescents (n = 14,078). Among those reporting any maltreatment, over one-third had experienced more than one type of maltreatment. Logistic regression models found that all types or combinations of types of maltreatment except physical-abuse-only were strongly associated with adolescent alcohol use, controlling for age, gender, race, and parental alcoholism. These results add to accumulating evidence that child maltreatment has a deleterious impact on adolescent alcohol use. PMID: 19340641 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addiction... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302851 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:42:26 +0100 2302851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302850&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340642%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook JS, Brook DW, Zhang C, Cohen P This 24-year community longitudinal study provides important information regarding parent-child conflict in adolescence (mean ages 14-16), vulnerable personality attributes and peer deviance in the twenties (mean age 22), and marital conflict and partner's illicit drug use in the late twenties and early thirties (mean ages 27-32) as related to a later diagnosis of substance use disorders (SUDs) in the thirties (mean ages 32-37). A community-based sample was interviewed between 1975 and 2007. Results based in structural equation modeling indicated that a weak parent-child bond was related to the development of drug-conducive personality traits, which was associated with the selection of drug-using peers and partners, which in turn, predicted... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302850 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:42:08 +0100 2302850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302849&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340643%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the effects of messages on altering risky gambling behavior in college students. While playing a chance-based computerized game with play money, three groups of participants either viewed occasional accurate messages that correctly described the contingencies of the game, neutral messages unrelated to the contingencies, or no messages. Participants in the accurate message condition spent overall less money gambling, played fewer trials in the final phase of the game when all trials resulted in losses, and were more likely to quit the game while they still had money remaining in the bank. The findings suggest that "reminders" about the random nature of games and the overall negative rate of return might lead to more responsible gaming. PMID: 19340643 [PubMed - in pro... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302849 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:42:00 +0100 2302849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302848&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340644%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wood E, Lai C, Marshall BD, Kerr T PMID: 19340644 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302848 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:41:56 +0100 2302848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302847&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19340645%26dopt%3DAbstract Response to "Methadone Maintenance vs. Methadone Taper during Pregnancy" Paper. Am J Addict. 2009 May-Jun;18(3):250; author reply 251 Authors: Newman R PMID: 19340645 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302847 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:41:41 +0100 2302847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192117&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Streltzer J, Ziegler P, Johnson B Guidelines for the use of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain have recently been proposed by the American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry. Older guidelines proposed by American pain organizations had the effect of liberalizing opioid prescription. In recent years, dramatic increases in prescribed opioids have been followed by equally dramatic rises in morbidity and mortality from prescription opioids. In addition, new research has increased knowledge of the long-term effects of opioids. These new guidelines propose increased caution in regard to opioid prescription for chronic pain. PMID: 19219659 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192117 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192117 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192116&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219660%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wunsch MJ, Nakamoto K, Behonick G, Massello W In rural Virginia, drug overdose deaths increased 300% from 1997 to 2003. Polydrug deaths predominate (57.9%) in this review of 893 medical examiner cases. Prescription opioids (74.0%), antidepressants (49.0%), and benzodiazepines (39.3%) were more prevalent than illicit drugs. Two-thirds of decedents were 35-54 years old; 37% were female. When compared to western Virginia metropolitan cases, polydrug abuse was more common, specific medication combinations were found, the death rate per population was higher, and fewer illicit drugs were detected. These rural prescription overdose deaths differ from urban illicit drug deaths, suggesting the need for different strategies in prevention, treatment, and intervention by clinicians and p... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192116 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192115&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Back SE, Waldrop AE, Brady KT A significant proportion of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) meet criteria for comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This comorbidity confers a more complicated clinical presentation that carries with it formidable treatment challenges for practitioners. The current study examined sources of difficulty and gratification among clinicians (N = 423) from four national organizations who completed an anonymous questionnaire. As expected, the findings revealed that comorbid SUD/PTSD was rated as significantly more difficult to treat than either disorder alone. The most common challenges associated with treating SUD/PTSD patients included knowing how to best prioritize and integrate treatment components, patient self-destructivene... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192115 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192114&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219662%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assesses the impact of the 1993 NIH Revitalization Act on the inclusion and subgroup analysis of women and minorities in trials of FDA-approved smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Female representation, while commensurate with population levels, declined significantly for trials that began recruitment after 1993(M = 47.2% vs. M = 53.9%), and fewer than half reported analyses by gender. Minorities continued to be under-represented in later trials; however, significant improvement in representation (M = 16.1% vs. M = 10%) and analysis by race occurred. Industry-sponsored studies had lower minority representation than NIH funded studies. Recommendations are offered to improve subgroup analyses and minority inclusion. PMID: 19219662 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Th... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192114 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192114 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192113&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219663%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cherpitel CJ, Ye Y A risk function analysis of data is reported from the 2005 National Alcohol Survey on average daily volume of alcohol and frequency of consuming five or more drinks per day with reporting any injury during the preceding year, an injury that was treated, or an injury that was treated in the emergency room (ER). Data suggest the association of alcohol and injury based on ER studies is not representative of all injuries, and should be taken into account in deriving estimates of risk of injury related to alcohol and alcohol-attributable fractions based on ER studies. PMID: 19219663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192113 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192113 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192112&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219664%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kirisci L, Tarter R, Mezzich A, Ridenour T, Reynolds M, Vanyukov M Employing a prospective paradigm, this investigation derived the childhood phenotype and the environtype associated with risk for cannabis use disorder. Two hundred and sixteen boys were evaluated between age 10-12 on a comprehensive protocol using self, mother, and teacher reports and followed-up at ages 19 and 22 to determine the presence of cannabis use disorder. The Transmissible Liability Index (TLI) and Non-Transmissible Liability Index (NTLI) were derived using item response theory. Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the indexes, singly and in combination, to predict cannabis use disorder. The TLI and NTLI together predicted with 70% and 75% accuracy cannabis use disorder manif... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192112 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192112 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192111&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219665%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hamilton JD, Nguyen QX, Gerber RM, Rubio NB Preclinical and uncontrolled human studies have suggested the possible efficacy of second-generation antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, in treating cocaine dependence. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 48 cocaine-dependent subjects received olanzapine or identical-appearing placebo for 16 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of cocaine-negative weekly urine screens during treatment. Secondary measures included scores on a Craving Questionnaire, Addiction Severity Index subscales, and extrapyramidal symptom scales. Olanzapine and placebo did not differ on any outcome measure. Both olanzapine and placebo subjects frequently reported side effects, but no unexpected ones. We... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192111 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192110&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219666%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carpenter KM, McDowell D, Brooks DJ, Cheng WY, Levin FR The present study investigated the efficacy of nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release for treating cannabis dependence. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, piggy back design was employed to assess if nefazodone and bupropion-sustained release increased the probability of abstinence from cannabis and reduced the severity of cannabis dependence and cannabis withdrawal symptoms during a 13-week outpatient treatment program. One-hundred and six participants (Mean = 32 years; females n = 25) were randomized to one of three medication conditions (nefazodone, bupropion-sustained release, or placebo) and participated in a weekly, individually based coping skills therapy program. Results indicated an increased probability of a... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192110 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192109&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219667%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the association between sexual risk behavior and co-administration of methamphetamine with other drugs in a sample of 341 HIV-positive MSM. Those who reported methamphetamine co-administration in the past two months (65%) reported significantly more unprotected anal and oral sex and a greater number of casual, anonymous, and paid sex partners in this timeframe compared to men who used methamphetamine alone. Two primary patterns of co-administration were identified: 1) drug combinations motivated by sexual performance and enhancement (eg, methamphetamine, poppers, sildenafil); and 2) "party drug" combinations (eg, methamphetamine, GHB, ketamine). Implications for further research and possible applications to risk-reduction interventions are discussed. PMID: 19219667 ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192109 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192109 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192108&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219668%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Buydens-Branchey L, Branchey M, Hibbeln JR Low levels of some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could influence behaviors leading to the abuse of substances through their actions on serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms. Because substance abusers tend to have poor dietary habits, the possibility that a deficient intake of n-3 PUFAs, available from dietary sources only, and subsequent low n-3 plasma levels would predict their relapse rates was explored. Thirty-five patients admitted to substance abuse clinics were enrolled and followed for one year. Dietary questionnaires and blood samples were collected at baseline and on a quarterly basis, and relapse rates monitored on a monthly basis. Six patients dropped out shortly after study entry, 11 relapsed in the course of the ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192108 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192107&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219669%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the ability of several baseline variables to predict treatment outcome in a pharmacotherapy trial that included 164 participants who were both cocaine- and alcohol-dependent and were selected for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Predictor variables included results from the baseline Addiction Severity Index (ASI), initial Urine Drug Screen results, cocaine and alcohol craving and cocaine and alcohol withdrawal symptoms at the start of treatment. Successful treatment was defined as four continuous weeks of self-reported cocaine abstinence verified by urine drug screens. In respect to demographic characteristics, there were no significant differences between patients who achieved four weeks of abstinence from cocaine and those who did not. Baseline variables ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192107 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192107 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192106&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219670%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Westermeyer J, Canive J, Thuras P, Thompson J, Crosby RD, Garrard J The purpose of this analysis was to compare substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, severity, comorbidity, and course in 362 American Indian veterans. The sample was drawn from communities in the north central and southwestern areas of the United States, structured to over-sample women and to include half-rural/half-urban residents. Instruments used in the study included current demography, military history, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule/Quick Version, Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test modified to include alcohol and drugs (MAST/AD), Brief Symptom Inventory, Posttraumatic Checklist, and a treatment algorithm. Univariate analyses showed that women had lower scores on the MAST/AD, reported lower symptom lev... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192106 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192105&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219671%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McLeish AC, Zvolensky MJ, Del Ben KS, Burke RS The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the moderating role of anxiety sensitivity (AS) in the relation between smoking rate and panic vulnerability variables among a community-based sample of adults. Results indicated that the interaction between AS and smoking rate significantly predicted anxious arousal, agoraphobic avoidance, and anticipatory anxiety. Specifically, participants who reported higher levels of AS and heavier smoking rates reported the highest levels of panic vulnerability. These data suggest that this combination of high AS and heavier smoking is particularly problematic in regard to panic symptoms. PMID: 19219671 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192105 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2192104&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19219672%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abrantes AM, Strong DR, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Niaura R, Kahler CW, Brown RA PMID: 19219672 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2192104 Thu, 01 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2192104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2007585&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034741%26dopt%3DAbstract Concordance between cigarette smoking and the modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire in controlled studies of ADHD. Am J Addict. 2008 Nov-Dec;17(6):491-6 Authors: Wilens TE, Vitulano M, Upadhyaya H, Adamson J, Parcell T, Westerberg D, Biederman J Our objective was to compare scores on a smoking questionnaire to a diagnosis of cigarette smoking. As part of follow-ups in studies of ADHD, we assessed for cigarette smoking using structured interviews and the modified Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (mFTQ). Data were obtained from 162 subjects (mean = 19.2 yrs). ROC analysis and kappa coefficients revealed that a cutoff score of 3 on the mFTQ showed the strongest agreement with a full diagnosis of cigarette smoking (kappa = 0.68). Clinicians and researchers using the mF... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2007585 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2007585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2007584&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034743%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Edwards HB, Upadhyaya HP, Carpenter MJ PMID: 19034743 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2007584 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 2007584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992981&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034736%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gordon AJ, Liberto J, Granda S, Salmon-Cox S, Andree T, McNicholas L Despite the high numbers of veterans with opioid dependence, few receive pharmacologic treatment for this disorder. The adoption of buprenorphine treatment within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has been slow. To expand capacity for buprenorphine treatment, the VHA sponsored two eight-hour credentialing courses for the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000. We sought to describe the outcomes of such training. Following the training sessions, 29 participants (18 physicians) were highly satisfied with course content and affirmed their intention to prescribe buprenorphine; after nine-month follow-up, two physicians were prescribing. We conclude that providing credentialing courses, while popular, did not... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992981 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992981 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992980&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034737%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Suh JJ, Pettinati HM, Kampman KM, O'Brien CP Recently, we reported that naltrexone at 150 mg/day significantly decreased cocaine and alcohol use for men but not women with co-occurring cocaine and alcohol dependence. The present study is an exploratory investigation of predictors that explain the different gender responses to naltrexone, with a particular focus on differential predictors of treatment attrition. No significant predictors were associated with treatment discontinuation in men. Women, however, were more likely to discontinue treatment when reporting severe pre-treatment psychiatric problems or nausea while in treatment. Further research on the impact of pre-treatment and in-treatment gender differences with naltrexone is warranted. PMID: 19034737 [PubMed - in ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992980 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992979&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034738%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Handley ED, Chassin L Parenting adolescents with externalizing symptomatology has been repeatedly shown to be stress-inducing for parents. One possible coping strategy for parents dealing with this chronic stress may be drinking. The current study extended previous research by examining the prospective relations between adolescents' externalizing behaviors and parents' negative affect and alcohol consumption. Additionally, the present study tested whether this mediated effect is a function of parental social support. Adolescents' externalizing symptoms prospectively predicted mothers' negative affect. Interestingly, however, mothers' negative affect prospectively predicted mothers' drinking only for those mothers with low social support. Furthermore, the mediated effect (Wave ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992979 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992978&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034739%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stump MJ, Smith JE Posttraumatic growth (PTG)-namely, the experience of positive change in oneself or one's life following trauma-is particularly relevant for homeless women because they have greater trauma exposure than the general population, as well as higher rates of substance use. The present study examined PTG and substance use in this population. Fifty homeless women with trauma histories participated. In line with predictions, more current substance use was related to less PTG, more reliance on avoidant coping once approach coping was accounted for, and greater PTSD symptomatology. Levels of growth were comparable to those found in samples with less trauma exposure. PMID: 19034739 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992978 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992977&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034740%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dempsey JP, Back SE, Waldrop AE, Jenkins L, Brady KT Although common, the use of cash incentives to compensate drug-addicted participants is controversial. This is particularly true given concerns that cash incentives might precipitate relapse, as is commonly believed. The following investigation examined whether cash versus money order compensation differentially influenced drug use among 34 non-treatment-seeking, cocaine-dependent individuals. Consistent with past evidence, results did not suggest that form of compensation was associated with likelihood of continued cocaine use or dollar amount of cocaine consumed after participation. Findings do not support commonly held concerns that cash incentives increase the risk of relapse following research participation. PMID: 1... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992977 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992977 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992976&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034741%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wilens TE, Vitulano M, Upadhyaya H, Adamson J, Parcell T, Westerberg D, Biederman J Our objective was to compare scores on a smoking questionnaire to a diagnosis of cigarette smoking. As part of follow-ups in studies of ADHD, we assessed for cigarette smoking using structured interviews and the modified Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (mFTQ). Data were obtained from 162 subjects (mean = 19.2 yrs). ROC analysis and kappa coefficients revealed that a cutoff score of 3 on the mFTQ showed the strongest agreement with a full diagnosis of cigarette smoking (kappa = 0.68). Clinicians and researchers using the mFTQ in adolescents and young adults should consider a cutoff score of 3 to be indicative of cigarette smoking. PMID: 19034741 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992976 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992976 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992975&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034742%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the longitudinal pathways from marijuana use in the familial environment (parents and siblings) and non-familial environment (peers and significant other), throughout adolescence and young adulthood, to the participants' own marijuana use in their fourth decade of life (n = 586). Longitudinal pathways to marijuana use were assessed using structural equation modeling. Familial factors were mediated by non-familial factors; sibling marijuana use also had a direct effect on the participants' marijuana use. In the non-familial environment, significant other marijuana use had only a direct effect, while peer marijuana use had direct as well as indirect effects on the participants' marijuana use. Results illustrate the importance of both modeling and selection effects in contributing... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992975 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992975 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992974&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034743%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Edwards HB, Upadhyaya HP, Carpenter MJ PMID: 19034743 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992974 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992974 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992973&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034744%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19034744 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992973 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992972&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034745%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19034745 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992972 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1992971&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19034746%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 19034746 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1992971 Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1992971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765447&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770076%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined sex differences in alcohol-associated smoking urge and smoking patterns to elucidate factors contributing to the co-use of alcohol and cigarettes. Participants were 39 (22M, 17F) binge-drinking tobacco chippers. Although men and women showed similar alcohol-smoking patterns and similar alcohol-induced smoking urges, a positive association between these factors was observed only in men. The lack of relationship in women suggests that co-use of these substances may be due to exteroceptive factors beyond the pharmacological effects of alcohol potentiating smoking urge. PMID: 18770076 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765447 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765446&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770077%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu LT, Ringwalt CL, Mannelli P, Patkar AA We investigated the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of past-year DSM-IV hallucinogen use disorders (HUDs) among past-year users of MDMA and other hallucinogens from a sample of Americans 18 or older (n = 37,227). Users were categorized as MDMA users and other hallucinogen users. Overall, one in five (20%) MDMA users and about one in six (16%) other hallucinogen users reported at least one clinical feature of HUDs. Among MDMA users, prevalence of hallucinogen abuse, subthreshold dependence, and dependence was 4.9%, 11.9%, and 3.6%, respectively. The majority with hallucinogen abuse displayed subthreshold dependence. Most with hallucinogen dependence exhibited abuse. Subthreshold hallucinogen dependence is relatively prevalent and r... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765446 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765445&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770078%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goldstein BI, Birmaher B, Axelson DA, Goldstein TR, Esposito-Smythers C, Strober MA, Hunt J, Leonard H, Gill MK, Iyengar S, Grimm C, Yang M, Ryan ND, Keller MB Cigarette smoking among adults with bipolar disorder (BP) correlates with psychosis, substance use disorders (SUD), and suicidality. Little is known regarding smoking among youths with BP. Youths with BP (n = 441) were divided into three smoking groups: Never, Ever, and Daily. Twenty-five percent reported any smoking (11% daily, 14% ever). Ever and Daily subjects had significantly greater lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts, physical abuse, conduct disorder, and SUD compared to Never subjects. Daily heavy smokers had greater prevalence of SUD and suicide attempts, and worse depression versus daily light smokers. Smo... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765445 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765444&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770079%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared five groups of participants: those receiving either three-day methadone-assisted withdrawal (MAW) alone (n = 67), three-day MAW followed by methadone maintenance (MM) (n = 8), seven-day MAW alone (n = 28), seven-day MAW followed by MM (n = 20), or a continuous MM sample (n = 52) enrolled between 1995-2001 in an urban drug treatment center. On average, patients in the three MM groups remained in treatment longer, attended more obstetrical visits, and more often delivered at the program hospital than patients in the two MAW alone groups. Given the poor maternal MAW outcomes, methadone maintenance should be considered as the primary treatment approach for opioid-dependent pregnant women. PMID: 18770079 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765444 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765443&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770080%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fairbairn CE, Dundon WD, Xie H, Plebani JG, Kampman KM, Lynch KG While much research has suggested that the integrity of the blind is compromised in psychotropic drug trials, little research has been conducted on blinding in substance abuse trials. The current study examines the integrity of the blind in an outpatient pharmacotherapy trial investigating the effectiveness of amantadine and propranolol in treating cocaine addiction. Results suggest that neither nurses (N = 174, kappa = 0.08, p = 0.22) nor participants (N = 163, kappa = 0.09, p = 0.26) could accurately predict treatment assignment. Furthermore, nurses' perceptions of treatment assignment were significantly related to trial completion, medication compliance, and cocaine use--results that may have training implicat... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765443 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765442&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770081%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wickwire EM, Burke RS, Brown SA, Parker JD, May RK The present study examined the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of a brief self-report measure of gambling behavior, the National Opinion Research Center DSM-IV Screen for Gambling Problems (NODS). Participants were 157 consecutively enrolled male military veterans taking part in substance use disorder treatment. The NODS displayed good internal consistency. Concurrent and discriminant validity were demonstrated by comparing scores on the NODS to scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen and to a measure of medical problems, respectively. Overall, the NODS appears to be a reliable, valid, and clinically useful measure of gambling problems among patients in substance use disorder treatment programs. PMID: 18770081... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765442 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765441&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770082%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schwartz RP, Kelly SM, O'Grady KE, Mitchell SG, Peterson JA, Reisinger HS, Agar MH, Brown BS Attitudes and beliefs about drug abuse treatment have long been known to shape response to that treatment. Two major pharmacological alternatives are available for opioid dependence: methadone, which has been available for the past 40 years, and buprenorphine, a recently introduced medication. This mixed-methods study examined the attitudes of opioid-dependent individuals toward methadone and buprenorphine. A total of 195 participants (n = 140 who were enrolling in one of six Baltimore area methadone programs and n = 55 who were out-of-treatment) were administered the Attitudes toward Methadone and toward Buprenorphine Scales, and a subset (n = 46) received an ethnographic interview. T... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765441 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765440&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770083%26dopt%3DAbstract This study yields preliminary evidence in support of MIGT as a useful treatment approach for an alcohol-dependent population with psychiatric comorbidity. PMID: 18770083 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765440 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765439&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770084%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petry NM, Lewis MW, Ostvik-White EM Many drug abuse treatment programs encourage participation in religious activities, yet there is scant research regarding their effectiveness. Contingency management (CM) interventions sometimes reinforce the completion of non-drug related activities, and church attendance is a popular activity. Cocaine abusers (n = 184) randomized to CM interventions were categorized based on whether or not they engaged in three or more religious activities. Engagers in religious activities (n = 34) remained in treatment longer, were abstinent for longer durations, and submitted more substance-negative samples than non-engagers (n = 150), even after controlling for number of activities completed overall. Thus, encouraging religious involvement during CM tre... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765439 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765438&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770085%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined whether participation in opiate drug treatment is associated with changes in drug use and injecting drug use within the social networks of injecting drug users. Participants were 245 injecting drug users who attended the Baltimore Needle Exchange Program during 2002-2004 and requested treatment and received a referral for opiate agonist treatment as part of an intervention to improve treatment outcomes. Data included interviews at baseline, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months and drug treatment program agency records. The mean age of participants was 42.2 years; 77% were African American, 69% were male, and 48% entered treatment. Final generalized estimating equations (GEE) models indicated that participants that entered opiate drug treatment exhibited approximately a 20% decrease ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765438 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765437&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770086%26dopt%3DAbstract This study confirms previous findings that addiction is associated with a decreased level of engagement in pleasant activities. The PAL seems to be a standardized, feasible, and valid instrument to sample non-substance-related rewarding activities in patients' everyday lives. PMID: 18770086 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765437 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765436&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770087%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Traylor AC, Bordnick PS, Carter BL Cigarette smokers, when confronted with cues associated with smoking, evidence strong reactions, including increased craving. These reactions have not been extensively studied in young adult smokers, a group that research suggests may respond differently than adults or adolescent smokers. We used virtual reality, which presents a complex array of smoking cues that may be particularly salient to young adult smokers, and measured self-report of craving. Young adult smokers responded strongly to these cues and, unlike adults, did not return to a baseline of craving following cue exposure, suggesting young adult smokers differ from other smokers in terms of cue responses. PMID: 18770087 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on A... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765436 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765435&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770088%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the differences in psychiatric symptoms between adult methamphetamine users (n = 46) and control subjects (n = 31), the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and the intensity of methamphetamine craving, and whether psychiatric symptoms were correlated to methamphetamine drug-usage variables (ie, length of abstinence, frequency, duration, and lifetime grams). We found that depressive symptoms on the Center for Epidemiology Studies-Depression (CES-D) and many other psychiatric symptoms on the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) significantly correlated with craving methamphetamine on the visual analog scale (VAS) for craving. Methamphetamine users had significantly more depressive symptoms (on CES-D) and psychotic symptoms (on SCL-90) compared to controls. There were no si... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765435 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765434&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770089%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xafenias A, Diakogiannis I, Iacovides A, Fokas K, Kaprinis G Comorbidity of psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder (SUD) is very common. Clinical experience says that comorbidity increases inpatient length of stay. We aimed to discover which factors affect length of stay for inpatients at a psychiatric department in a specialized mental hospital in a Greek urban area, and specifically whether SUD is one of them. All patients admitted over a 12-month period were given the CAGE questionnaire and that part of the EUROPASI questionnaire dealing with substance use. This was followed by a diagnostic interview to establish the final diagnosis in accordance with the DSM-IV criteria. Following this, the patients' characteristics in conjunction with their average length of stay... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765434 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765434 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765433&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770090%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Soyka M PMID: 18770090 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765433 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765432&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770091%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsai JH, Tsai KB, Jang MY PMID: 18770091 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765432 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765431&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770092%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gugger JJ, Cassagnol M PMID: 18770092 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765431 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1765430&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18770093%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Henderson DL, Ginsberg JP PMID: 18770093 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1765430 Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1765430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603640&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612879%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examined the effects of naltrexone compared to placebo on subjective responses to alcohol at the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve following a controlled intravenous (IV) alcohol administration. Non-treatment-seeking hazardous drinkers (n = 38) completed two double-blind counterbalanced IV alcohol challenge sessions, one after taking naltrexone (50 mg) for three days and one after taking a placebo for three days. During each session, participants reported on subjective responses to alcohol during the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve. Analyses revealed significant main effects of naltrexone, reflecting significantly decreased alcohol-induced stimulation, craving, vigor, positive mood, and alcohol "high" and increased tension as compared to placebo. These findin... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603640 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603639&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612880%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lieberman DZ, Massey SH Most individuals with drinking problems do not receive treatment, generally because they do not perceive the need for it. It is difficult to access this population of problem drinkers in order to encourage treatment-seeking. A Web-based program was written, designed to increase motivation for change. The program guided non-treatment-seekers through a multi-stage assessment and provided them with feedback. The level of interest in treatment was measured pre-and post-intervention. Compared to baseline, after the intervention, significantly more individuals rated themselves "very interested" in participating in some form of traditional treatment (19% vs. 28%), and their focus on a specific modality increased. PMID: 18612880 [PubMed - in process] (Sourc... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603639 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603638&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612881%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook DW, Saar NS, Brook JS This research examined the longitudinal pathways from earlier violent television exposure to later drug dependence. African American and Puerto Rican adolescents were interviewed during three points in time (n = 463). Exposure to violent television programs in late adolescence predicted exposure to violent television programs in young adulthood, which in turn was related to tobacco/marijuana use, nicotine dependence, and later drug dependence. Some policy and clinical implications suggest regulating the times when violent television programs are broadcast, creating developmentally targeted prevention/treatment programs, and recognizing that watching violent television programs may serve as a cue regarding increased susceptibility to nicotine and dru... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603638 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603637&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612882%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Godley SH, Godley MD, Wright KL, Funk RR, Petry NM Contingency management (CM) is efficacious in improving outcomes of substance-abusing patients, but CM studies are relatively rare in adolescents. CM approaches can reinforce both abstinence and adherence to treatment-related goal areas. This paper describes 1,739 different activities in 10 goal areas (e.g., education, family/friends, and social/recreational) chosen by 86 adolescents who were participating in a multiple week CM study that reinforced both abstinence and adherence with goal-related activities. The mean activities selected was 20, and the mean completed was 13. Overall, 1,114 or 64% of chosen activities were completed. The clinical feasibility of activity incentive programs for adolescents is discussed. PMID:... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603637 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603636&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612883%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mooney ME, Poling J, Gonzalez G, Gonsai K, Kosten T, Sofuoglu M In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, bupropion (BUPRO, 300 mg/day) was compared to placebo (PBO) for the concurrent treatment of opioid and tobacco addiction in 40 opioid-dependent smokers stabilized on buprenorphine (BUPRE, 24 mg/day). Participants received contingent, monetary reinforcement for abstinence from smoking, illicit opioids, and cocaine. Significant differences in treatment retention were observed (BUPRE+BUPRO, 58%; BUPRE+PBO, 90%). BUPRO treatment was not more effective than placebo for abstinence from tobacco, opioids, or cocaine in BUPRE-stabilized patients. These preliminary findings do not support the efficacy of BUPRO, in combination with BUPRE, for the concurrent treatment of opioid ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603636 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603635&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612884%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the DIDS does measure the constructs that it sets out to measure. However, significant gender differences do exist and appear to go beyond differences in actual behavior in terms of sexual disinhibition. Men and women describe themselves differently when they describe sexual behavior in general, even when they report similar recent behavior, and we suggest that these differences at least partly reflect sexual stereotypes. PMID: 18612884 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603635 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603634&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612885%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compares the effectiveness of two brief outpatient treatments for problem gambling: eight sessions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (n = 65) and eight sessions of a twelve-step treatment-oriented approach based on the first five steps of Gamblers Anonymous (n = 61). There were no baseline group differences on gambling-relevant variables. Twelve months post-treatment showed no group differences on key gambling variables (eg, frequency, abstinence rates, money wagered) in an analysis of completers. Participants who attended more sessions and chose an initial abstinent treatment goal appeared to achieve better outcomes. PMID: 18612885 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603634 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603633&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612886%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu LT, Blazer DG, Stitzer ML, Patkar AA, Blaine JD We sought to determine the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of past-month illicit methadone use and history of regular illicit use among stimulant-using methadone maintenance treatment patients. We obtained self-reported information on illicit methadone use from 383 participants recruited from six community-based methadone maintenance programs. Overall, 1.6% of participants reported illicit use in the past month, and 4.7% reported a history of regular use. Younger age and history of outpatient psychological treatment were associated with increased odds of past-month illicit use. Illicit methadone use among patients in maintenance programs is infrequent; however, a number of factors may increase risk of illicit use. PMI... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603633 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603632&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612887%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim SY, Barker JC, Anderson IB, Dyer JE, Earnest G, Blanc PD We adapted and tested a previously published questionnaire battery eliciting sensory and cognitive symptoms during (acute) and immediately after (post-acute) GHB intoxication. Studying 125 GHB users, we assessed the instrument's internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha (CA) and responsiveness to change comparing acute and post-acute symptoms. The final 14-item battery demonstrated good internal consistency (CA >or= 0.85, both acute and post-acute). The median symptom score (possible range 0-64) was 30 (acute) and 6 (post-acute; difference p < 0.001). This modified substance-specific symptom battery, which is easily administered, demonstrated excellent performance characteristics. It can be used to study GHB ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603632 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603631&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612888%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the sex-specific heritability of diagnostic symptoms for alcohol-related problems in a community-based sample of twin pairs (males: n = 519; females: n = 613) using a biometrical analytic strategy to estimate the genetic and environmental components of AUD symptoms. Five of the seven symptoms of alcohol problems demonstrated sex-differences in heritability. Three of the seven symptoms examined had significant heritability in female twins only: "increased risk of injury or harm," "emotional problems related to drinking," and "the desire to drink." In males, a different pattern was observed, with four of the seven examined symptoms demonstrating heritability: "Increased chance of injury or harm," "spending more time using alcohol or getting over its effects," "using larger amount... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603631 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603630&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612889%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 18612889 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603630 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603629&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612890%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Easton CJ, Lee B, Wupperman P, Zonana H PMID: 18612890 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603629 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603628&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612891%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jana AK, Arora M, Khess CR, Praharaj SK PMID: 18612891 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603628 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1603627&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18612892%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Politi E, Fauci E, Santoro A, Smeraldi E PMID: 18612892 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1603627 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1603627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581059&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463991%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dupont RL, Coleman JJ, Bucher RH, Wilford BB Methylphenidate (MPH) has a long history of being an effective medication for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, the nonmedical use of MPH has increased, particularly among college students. To investigate this, we surveyed 2,087 students regarding MPH misuse. Of 2,087 respondents, 110 (5.3%) used MPH nonmedically at least once. Most obtained MPH free from a friend, acquaintance, or family member. Misuse of Ritalin(R) occurred four times more frequently than Concerta. Among Ritalin abusers, Intranasal use was reported more often than oral. Students reported using MPH nonmedically for recreational reasons as well as to improve academic performance. PMID: 18463991 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581059 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581058&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463992%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assessed whether personality disorder features were associated with psychiatric symptoms in a cohort of women treated for substance abuse in Sweden. Patients were diagnosed with personality disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-II) personality questionnaire and SCID-II interview, and were then administered a self-report questionnaire designed to measure symptoms of psychiatric illness, the Symptoms Checklist-90 (SCL-90), during and five years after treatment. Concurrently, features of all personality disorders, except histrionic, were associated with SCL-90 score. At five-year follow-up, most personality disorders remained associated with SCL-90 score, with the exception of paranoid and schizoid personality disorder. After controlling for baseline sc... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581058 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581057&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463993%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Akerele E, Bisaga A, Sullivan MA, Garawi F, Comer SD, Thomas AA, Nunes EV, Kleber HD Dextromethorphan (DM) is a low-affinity, non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist that has shown promise in preclinical and preliminary clinical studies for the reduction of opioid withdrawal symptoms, but when used at higher doses, it is associated with deleterious side effects attributed to its metabolite, dextrorphan. A clinical trial was therefore conducted to test the withdrawal-suppressant effect of a combination of dextromethorphan with quinidine (DM/Q). Quinidine inhibits the metabolism of dextromethorphan, reducing dextrorphan levels. Opioid-dependent patients were admitted to an inpatient unit, stabilized for three days on morphine (25 mg, sc, every six hours), and randomly assigned ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581057 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581056&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463994%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morrell HE, Cohen LM, Dempsey JP Approximately 10,000 undergraduates from 12 Texas colleges and universities and 350 health care students completed a Web-based survey assessing the prevalence and awareness of cigarette smoking. There were few differences between health care and undergraduate students on trying smoking or quitting smoking. Health care students reported lower rates of current smoking than undergraduate students, even though both groups demonstrated similar knowledge of tobacco-related health risks. Gender differences are discussed. Findings suggest that tobacco awareness programs should continue to target young adults as an at-risk population, and that health care training programs should place a greater emphasis on tobacco cessation. PMID: 18463994 [PubMed ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581056 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581055&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463995%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, opioid-dependent subjects who attempt suicide show familial aggregation and clinical expressions of suicidal liability similar to those described in other psychiatric groups. PMID: 18463995 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581055 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581054&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463996%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and tobacco use within a sample of college students. Although tobacco use was the main focus, we also examined alcohol and marijuana use. We examined the association between the number of ADHD symptoms endorsed (severity), and tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use in a convenience sample of 334 college students in the southeastern United States. Survey data were based on the annual Core Alcohol and Drug Survey for substance use, and the Current Symptom Scale (CSS) for ADHD, conduct disorder (CD), and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) symptoms. Among ever users of a substance, the number (severity) of current ADHD symptoms, including inattentive and hyperactive symptoms, were significantly assoc... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581054 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581053&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463997%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the prevalence of 20 individual symptoms of cannabis withdrawal in the U.S. general population. More than 29% of past 12-month cannabis users reported experiencing at least two cannabis withdrawal symptoms, with 8% reporting impairment from at least two symptoms or withdrawal relief. The most common withdrawal symptom was eating more than usual/gaining weight. Co-occurring tobacco use modestly increased the likelihood of reporting certain symptoms, as did other illicit drug use, though to a lesser degree. Even after controlling for intensity of cannabis use, a history of parental alcohol/drug problems was associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing cannabis withdrawal. Evidence from this and prior studies demonstrating withdrawal strongly suggest that future edition... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581053 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581052&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463998%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to examine the level of additional treatment services obtained by patients enrolled in the NIDA Cocaine Collaborative Study, a multi-center efficacy trial of four treatments for cocaine dependence, and to determine whether these services impact treatment outcome. Cocaine-dependent patients (N = 487) were recruited at five sites and randomly assigned to six months of one of four psychosocial treatments. Assessments were made at baseline, monthly during treatment, and at follow-ups at 9, 12, 15, and 18 months post-randomization. On average, patients received little or no additional treatment services during active treatment (first six months), but the rate of obtaining most services increased during the follow-up phase (month 7 to 18). In general, the treatmen... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581052 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581051&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18463999%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated whether psychiatric outpatients with a past stimulant use disorder in full remission for >/= 2 months (STIM+, n = 204) and those with no history of stimulant use disorder (STIM-, n = 2070) differed in the prevalence of current anhedonia and amotivation. Results showed that a significantly greater proportion of STIM+ participants reported anhedonia and amotivation than STIM- participants. The relation between stimulant use disorder history and anhedonia remained robust after controlling for other relevant clinical and demographic factors. These findings suggest that anhedonia may be a preexisting risk factor or protracted effect of stimulant misuse. PMID: 18463999 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581051 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581050&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464000%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Salomonsen-Sautel S, Van Leeuwen JM, Gilroy C, Boyle S, Malberg D, Hopfer C Homeless youths (N = 684) in eight cities participated in this study to understand the rates and correlates of substance use. Rates of lifetime and recent substance use ranged from 66% to 90%. Variability in lifetime and recent substance use was partially explained by being white (ages 14-17); ever attempting suicide (ages 14-17); not being African American (lifetime substance use) or Hispanic (ages 18-24); being male (ages 18-24); identifying as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (ages 18-24); using substances with a parent; beginning substance use at a young age; and having a family history of a substance problem. PMID: 18464000 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581050 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581049&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464001%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McKetin R, McLaren J, Lubman DI, Hides L The aim of the study was to provide empirical data on the severity of hostility among methamphetamine users experiencing psychotic symptoms. Participants were 71 methamphetamine users from the general community who had experienced positive psychotic symptoms in the past year. Psychotic symptoms were defined as a score of 4 or greater on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) subscales of suspiciousness, unusual thought content, or hallucinations. The BPRS hostility subscale was used to measure hostility during the most severe symptom episode during the preceding year. Pathological hostility (BPRS score of 4+) was reported by 27% of participants during their most severe episode of psychotic symptoms. Hostility was significantly more c... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581049 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581048&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464002%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Petry NM, Kelley L, Brennan M, Sierra S PMID: 18464002 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581048 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581047&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464003%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Thompson CR, Del-Pan N, Beckson M, Weinstock R PMID: 18464003 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581047 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581046&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464004%26dopt%3DAbstract Response to "Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses and their association with cocaine-induced psychosis in cocaine-dependent subjects". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):247-8; author reply 249-50 Authors: Merlo LJ, Carnes PJ, Gold MS PMID: 18464004 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581046 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581045&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464005%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tang YL, Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Cubells JF PMID: 18464005 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581045 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581044&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464006%26dopt%3DAbstract A Reviews of: "Helping the Addict You Love". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):251-2 Authors: Boyarsky BK PMID: 18464006 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581044 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581043&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464007%26dopt%3DAbstract A Reviews of: "Study Guide to Substance Abuse Treatment: A Companion to The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment, Third Edition". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):251 Authors: Bedrick JD PMID: 18464007 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581043 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581042&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464008%26dopt%3DAbstract A Reviews of: "Healing Addiction: An Integrated Pharmacopsychosocial Approach to Treatment". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):252-3 Authors: Hays LR PMID: 18464008 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581042 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581041&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464009%26dopt%3DAbstract A Reviews of: "Alcohol Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults: Epidemiology, Neurobiology, Prevention and Treatment". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):253-4 Authors: Galanter M, Jaffe SL PMID: 18464009 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581041 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581040&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18464010%26dopt%3DAbstract A Reviews of: "Neurobiology of Addiction". Am J Addict. 2008 May-Jun;17(3):254-5 Authors: Kruszewski SP PMID: 18464010 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581040 Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1581040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581072&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393050%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahoney JJ, Kalechstein AD, De La Garza R, Newton TF The primary objective of this study was to compare and contrast psychotic symptoms reported by cocaine- and methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Participants included 27 cocaine-dependent and 25 methamphetamine-dependent males, as well as 15 cocaine-dependent and 18 methamphetamine-dependent females. After screening, participants were excluded if they met criteria for any Axis I diagnosis other than nicotine dependence, or methamphetamine or cocaine dependence (ie, participants had to use either methamphetamine or cocaine but were excluded if they met dependence criteria for both). The participants were administered the newly developed Psychotic Symptom Assessment Scale (PSAS), which assesses psychotic symptoms. A high pro... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581072 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581071&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393051%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M, Ang A, Rawson R, Little is known about risk factors for depression in methamphetamine users. Using data from 526 adults in the largest psychosocial clinical trial of methamphetamine users conducted to date, this study examined clinical, demographic, and substance use characteristics that predict the presence of a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) three years after treatment for methamphetamine dependence. The results indicate that two risk factors predict a diagnosis of MDD: a Beck Depression Inventory total score greater than 20, and one or more prior suicide attempts. These risk factors identify methamphetamine users who may benefit from early interventions for psychiatric symptoms. PMID: 18393051 ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581071 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581070&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393052%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fleury G, De La Garza R, Mahoney JJ, Evans SE, Newton TF The goal of the present investigation was to determine predictors of cardiovascular response to methamphetamine administrated in the laboratory. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline and at several time points following the administration of methamphetamine or saline placebo. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences between female and male subjects in their cardiovascular response. In male subjects, linear regression and one-way ANOVA were used to determine the influence of potential predictors on cardiovascular response, including age, weight, drug use indicators, concurrent use of other substances, route of administration, and race. Methamphetamine administration provoked signific... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581070 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581069&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393053%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Strathdee SA, Case P, Lozada R, Mantsios AR, Alvelais J, Pu M, Brouwer KC, Miller CL, Patterson TL In a study of injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana, Mexico, logistic regression identified factors associated with injection of colored vs. clear methamphetamine in the prior six months (N = 613). Colors injected most often were clear (50%), white (47%), yellow (2%), and pink (1%). IDUs injecting colored meth were more likely to experience recent abscesses (34%) compared to those injecting clear meth (24%; p = 0.008), an association that persisted after adjusting for confounders. Market characteristics, possibly relating to purity or adulterants, may be associated with abscesses among methamphetamine injectors. Further study is needed to confirm and determine the mechanism of t... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581069 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581068&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393054%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Fiellin DA, Moore BA, Sullivan LE, Becker WC, Pantalon MV, Chawarski MC, Barry DT, O'Connor PG, Schottenfeld RS To examine long-term outcomes with primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment, we followed 53 opioid-dependent patients who had already demonstrated six months of documented clinical stability for 2-5 years. Primary outcomes were retention, illicit drug use, dose, satisfaction, serum transaminases, and adverse events. Thirty-eight percent of enrolled subjects were retained for two years. Ninety-one percent of urine samples had no evidence of opioid use, and patient satisfaction was high. Serum transaminases remained stable from baseline. No serious adverse events related to treatment occurred. We conclude that select opioid-dependent patients exhibit ... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581068 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581067&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393055%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Potter JS, Prather K, Weiss RD Physical pain among persons seeking treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) and characteristics associated with pain were examined in a secondary analysis of data from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS), a multi-site treatment outcome study. Patients (N = 7,876) in four treatment modalities - long-term residential (LTR), short-term inpatient (STI), outpatient methadone treatment (OMT), and outpatient drug-free (ODF) - reported severity of physical pain experienced during the preceding 12 months. Moderate to severe physical pain was reported by 21.2% of LTR patients, 26.8% of STI patients, 33.6% of OMT patients, and 17.6% of ODF patients. Individuals with and without physical pain were compared across treatment modalities. Patients... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581067 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581066&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393056%26dopt%3DAbstract This study explores gender differences in lifetime and recent substance use/internalizing behavior, childhood externalizing behavior, and gambling preferences among African-American youth gamblers. Data are from a prospective study of a community sample of 452 urban African-American youths who began at entry into first grade and were followed for ten years. Gambling was associated with high teacher ratings of childhood externalizing behaviors among males and with high parent ratings of childhood impulsivity and hyperactivity among both genders. Internalizing behavior was associated with female gambling. No male-female differences in substance use/lifetime conduct disorder among gamblers were noted. Gambling preferences/frequency differed across genders. PMID: 18393056 [PubMed - in proc... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581066 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581065&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393057%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we found that neighborhood socioeconomic status was not directly associated with more drug use when controlling for ethnicity or for personal network characteristics. Personal networks may mediate the relationships between neighborhood and drug use. Strategies to reduce polydrug use should target personal networks where friends use illicit drugs. PMID: 18393057 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581065 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581064&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393058%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barry DT, Fulgieri MD, Lavery ME, Chawarski MC, Najavits LM, Schottenfeld RS, Pantalon MV We assessed the attitudes of 18 research- and 22 community-based substance abuse clinicians on treatment manuals. Research and community clinicians exhibited favorable attitudes toward manuals, and the majority (72% and 77%, respectively) reported an interest in learning more about substance use disorder (SUD) treatment manuals. Among community clinicians, greater years of experience was significantly associated with less favorable attitudes toward treatment manuals. Research clinicians endorsed significantly higher ratings for the importance attached to "theoretical rationale/overview" and "main session points to address" than community clinicians. Findings suggest that community SUD cli... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581064 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581063&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393059%26dopt%3DAbstract This study assesses the impact on 24 medical residents of a 2.5-day curriculum combining experiential and manual-based training on screening for alcohol misuse and illicit drug use. A retrospective chart review of new primary care outpatients demonstrated that nearly all were asked about current alcohol use before and after curriculum participation. Adherence to national screening guidelines on quantification of alcohol consumption modestly improved (p < .05), as did inquiry about current illicit drug use (p < .05). Continued efforts are needed to enhance educational initiatives for primary care physicians. PMID: 18393059 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581063 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581062&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393060%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brook JS, Stimmel MA, Zhang C, Brook DW In this prospective longitudinal study, the authors investigated the association between marijuana use over a period of 13 years and subsequent health problems at age 27. A community sample of 749 participants from upstate New York was interviewed at mean ages of 14, 16, 22, and 27 years. Marijuana use over time was significantly associated with increased health problems by the late twenties, including respiratory problems, general malaise, neurocognitive problems, and lower academic achievement and functioning. Effective prevention and intervention programs should consider the wide range of adverse physiological and psychosocial outcomes associated with marijuana use over time. PMID: 18393060 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Ameri... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581062 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581061&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393061%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Levin FR, Kleber HD Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States and throughout the world. Despite this, the number of laboratory studies that have assessed pharmacologic agents to target cannabis withdrawal symptoms or reduce the reinforcing effects of marijuana has been modest. Unlike alcohol, cocaine, opiates, or nicotine, there has been a minimal number of clinical pharmacologic treatment trials that have targeted marijuana use. Based on recent laboratory studies, dronabinol (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) has been shown to reduce cannabis withdrawal symptoms and the subjective effects of marijuana. Given that agonist agents have been found to be effective for opiate and nicotine dependence, the clinical utility of dronabinol for cannabis dependence... The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581061 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1581060&cid=s_37411_2_f&fid=37411&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18393062%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meini M, Capovani B, Sbrana A, Massei GJ, Ravani L, Massimetti G, Daini L, Scaramelli D, Moncini M PMID: 18393062 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal on Addictions) The American Journal on Addictions journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1581060 Sat, 01 Mar 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1581060