MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'The British Journal of Nutrition' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 22:31:46 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5645225&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22277170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ortega RM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Aparicio A, Jiménez AI, López-Sobaler AM, González-Rodríguez LG, Andrés P Abstract Zn plays a key role in the synthesis and action of insulin. The aim of the present work was to determine whether a poorer Zn status was associated with insulin resistance in a group of 357 Spanish schoolchildren. Zn intake was determined by using a 3 d food record (i.e. Sunday to Tuesday). The body weight, height and waist and hip circumferences of all subjects were recorded and fasting plasma glucose, insulin and Zn concentrations were determined. Insulin resistance was determined using the homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA) marker. Children (11·5 %) with Zn deficiency (serum Zn concentration < 10·7 μmol/l) had higher HOMA values than tho... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5645225 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5645225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5645231&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22273003%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vieira AT, Silveira KD, Arruda MC, Fagundes CT, Gonçalves JL, Silva TA, Neves MJ, Menezes MA, Nicoli JR, Teixeira MM, Martins FS Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly targets the synovial membrane, cartilage and bone. It affects 1 % of the population and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. Se is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties and the ability to modulate the immune responses. Selemax® is an inactive yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) enriched with organic Se. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Selemax® administration in models of an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) in C57BL/6 mice, and of an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AdIA) in Holtzman rats. As cont... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5645231 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5645231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5645226&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22273061%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, xanthophylls could regulate proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in different tissues of hens and chicks. PMID: 22273061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5645226 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5645226 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5645223&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22278121%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, higher intake of grain protein may contribute to the prevention of hypertension, which warrants confirmation in other population-based studies and randomised controlled trials. PMID: 22278121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5645223 Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5645223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627764&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264412%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Goularte JF, Ferreira MB, Sanvitto GL Abstract Obesity affects a large number of people around the world and appears to be the result of changes in food intake, eating habits and physical activity levels. Changes in dietary patterns and physical exercise are therefore strongly recommended to treat obesity and its complications. The present study tested the hypothesis that obesity and metabolic changes produced by a cafeteria diet can be prevented with dietary changes and/or physical exercise. A total of fifty-six female Wistar rats underwent one of five treatments: chow diet; cafeteria diet; cafeteria diet followed by a chow diet; cafeteria diet plus exercise; cafeteria diet followed by a chow diet plus exercise. The duration of the experiment was 34 weeks. The cafeteria d... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627764 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627764 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627763&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264449%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Luxwolda MF, Kuipers RS, Kema IP, Janneke Dijck-Brouwer DA, Muskiet FA Abstract Cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D by exposure to UVB is the principal source of vitamin D in the human body. Our current clothing habits and reduced time spent outdoors put us at risk of many insufficiency-related diseases that are associated with calcaemic and non-calcaemic functions of vitamin D. Populations with traditional lifestyles having lifelong, year-round exposure to tropical sunlight might provide us with information on optimal vitamin D status from an evolutionary perspective. We measured the sum of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 (25(OH)D) concentrations of thirty-five pastoral Maasai (34 (sd 10) years, 43 % male) and twenty-five Hadzabe hunter-gatherers (35 (sd 12) years, 84 % ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627763 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627763 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627762&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264499%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, consumption of XOS alone or in combination with inulin results in beneficial albeit different changes in the intestinal microbiome on a high-fat diet. In addition, consumption of XOS in combination with inulin attenuates the proinflammatory effects of a high-fat diet in the blood of healthy subjects. PMID: 22264499 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627762 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627761&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264559%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abu-Saad K, Shahar DR, Fraser D, Vardi H, Friger M, Bolotin A, Freedman LS Abstract Bedouin Arabs in southern Israel are a traditionally semi-nomadic population undergoing the nutrition transition in a context of urbanisation. The effect of these changes on the nutritional status of pregnant women is unknown. The Dietary Exposures and Pregnancy Outcomes in a Society In Transition (DEPOSIT) study evaluated the adequacy of pregnant Bedouin women's usual dietary intake and their nutritional status. Dietary intake was assessed in a cross-sectional study design using repeat 24 h recall (24HR) questionnaires. The National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate the usual intake of selected nutrients. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) was used to evaluate nutrient int... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627761 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627760&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264626%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dazeley P, Houston-Price C, Hill C Abstract Commercial interventions seeking to promote fruit and vegetable consumption by encouraging preschool- and school-aged children to engage with foods with 'all their senses' are increasing in number. We review the efficacy of such sensory interaction programmes and consider the components of these that are likely to encourage food acceptance. Repeated exposure to a food's flavour has robust empirical support in terms of its potential to increase food intake. However, children are naturally reluctant to taste new or disliked foods, and parents often struggle to provide sufficient taste opportunities for these foods to be adopted into the child's diet. We therefore explore whether prior exposure to a new food's non-taste sensory prop... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627760 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627760 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627759&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264653%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the combined effects of exercise and dietary fat composition on postprandial TAG concentrations in nine healthy pre-menopausal females (age 26·8 (sd 3·3) years, BMI 22·3 (sd 2·0) kg/m2). Each participant completed four, 2 d trials in a randomised order: (1) butter-no exercise, (2) olive oil-no exercise, (3) butter-exercise, (4) olive oil-exercise. On day 1 of the exercise trials, participants walked or ran on a treadmill for 60 min. On the no-exercise trials, participants rested on day 1. On day 2 of each trial, participants rested and consumed an olive oil meal (saturated fat 15 % and unsaturated fat 85 %) or a butter meal (saturated fat 71 % and unsaturated fat 29 %) for breakfast. Venous blood samples were obtained in the fasted state and for 6 h postprandially o... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627759 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627759 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627758&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264879%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate whether HMO reduce E. histolytica attachment and cytotoxicity. Our in vitro results show that physiological concentrations of isolated, pooled HMO detach E. histolytica by more than 80 %. In addition, HMO rescue E. histolytica-induced destruction of human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effects were structure-specific. Lacto-N-tetraose with its terminal Gal rescued up to 80 % of the HT-29 cells, while HMO with fucose α1-2-linked to the terminal Gal had no effect. Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), which also contain terminal Gal and are currently added to infant formula to mimic some of the beneficial effects of HMO, completely abolished E. histolytica attachment and cytotoxicity at 8 mg... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627758 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627758 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627757&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22264926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bertrand KA, Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Malspeis S, Eliassen AH, Wu K, Holmes MD, Laden F, Feskanich D Abstract Epidemiological and other evidence suggests that vitamin D may be protective against several chronic diseases. Assessing vitamin D status in epidemiological studies, however, is challenging given finite resources and limitations of commonly used approaches. Using multivariable linear regression, we derived predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) scores based on known determinants of circulating 25(OH)D, including age, race, UV-B radiation flux at residence, dietary and supplementary vitamin D intakes, BMI, physical activity, alcohol intake, post-menopausal hormone use (women only) and season of blood draw, in three nationwide cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study, Nurses'... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627757 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627757 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627756&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22265018%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between the FTO risk allele (rs9939609) and dietary intake, and to evaluate how dietary intake affects the association between FTO and BMI in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study during a mean follow-up of 3·2 years. A total of 479 (BMI >25 kg/m2) men and women were genotyped for rs9939609. The participants completed a 3 d food record at baseline and before every annual study visit. The average intakes at baseline and during the years 1, 2 and 3 were calculated. At baseline, the FTO variant rs9939609 was not associated with the mean values of total energy intake, macronutrients or fibre. At baseline, a higher BMI by the FTO risk genotype was detected especially in those who reported a diet high in fat with mean B... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627756 Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5627765&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22260799%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Irwin N, Montgomery IA, Flatt PR Abstract The effects of active immunisation with gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) or (proline3)GIP-ovalbumin conjugates on insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, energy expenditure and cognition were examined in high-fat-fed mice. Normal mice were injected (subcutaneously) once every 14 d for 98 d with GIP-ovalbumin conjugates, with transfer to a high-fat diet on day 21. Active immunisation resulted in GIP antibody generation and significantly (P < 0·01 to P < 0·001) reduced circulating non-fasting plasma insulin concentrations compared to high-fat control mice from day 70 onwards. The glycaemic responses to intraperitoneal glucose or nutrient ingestion were significantly improved in all treated mice, with correspondin... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5627765 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5627765 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607937&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22251608%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Asghari G, Rezazadeh A, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Mehrabi Y, Mirmiran P, Azizi F Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability, comparative validity and stability of dietary patterns defined by factor analysis for participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. A total of 132 subjects, aged ≥ 20 years, completed a 168-item FFQ (FFQ1, FFQ2) twice, with a 14-month interval. Over this duration, twelve dietary recalls (DR) were collected each month. To assess the stability of the FFQ, participants completed the third FFQ (FFQ3) after 8 years. Following these, two dietary patterns - the 'Iranian Traditional' and the 'Western' - were derived from FFQ1 and FFQ2 and the mean of DR (mDR); and three dietary patterns were identified from FFQ3: the 'Iranian Tr... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607937 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607937 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607936&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22251620%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Panaro MA, Carofiglio V, Acquafredda A, Cavallo P, Cianciulli A Abstract Resveratrol, a polyphenol abundantly found in grapes and red wine, exhibits beneficial health effects due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of resveratrol on inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment of human intestinal Caco-2 and SW480 cell lines. In the LPS-treated intestinal cells, resveratrol dose-dependently inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA as well as protein expression, resulting in a decreased production of NO. In addition, Toll-like receptor-4 expression was significantly diminished in LPS-stimulated cells after resveratrol pre-treatment. To investigate the mechanisms by which resveratrol r... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607936 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607936 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607935&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22251659%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wen LF, He JG Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of an antimicrobial peptide, cecropin A(1-11)-D(12-37)-Asn (CADN), as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) in poultry diets. A total of 1500 14-d-old indigenous male chickens (222 (sd 13) g) were randomly allocated to five groups with five replicate cages of sixty birds each, and fed ad libitum five grower diets and subsequently five finisher diets for 14 d each. The diets were made up by supplementing their basal diets with a CADN liquid sample (CADNL) at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 ml/kg, respectively. During the feeding period, a metabolic experiment was carried out to determine the apparent digestibility of diethyl ether extract, nitrogen retention and apparent metabolisable energ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607935 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607955&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243564%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Price RK, Wallace JM, Hamill LL, Keaveney EM, Strain JJ, Parker MJ, Welch RW Abstract Observational data show an inverse association between the consumption of wholegrain foods, and inflammation and related diseases. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, wholegrains, and in particular the aleurone layer, contain a wide range of components with putative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We evaluated the effects of a diet high in wheat aleurone on plasma antioxidants status, markers of inflammation and endothelial function. In this parallel, participant-blinded intervention, seventy-nine healthy, older, overweight participants (45-65 years, BMI>25 kg/m2) incorporated either aleurone-rich cereal products (27 g aleurone/d), or control products balanced ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607955 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607955 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607954&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243632%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lockyer S, Tzanetou M, Carvalho-Wells AL, Jackson KG, Minihane AM, Lovegrove JA Abstract Response to dietary fat manipulation is highly heterogeneous, yet generic population-based recommendations aimed at reducing the burden of CVD are given. The APOE epsilon genotype has been proposed to be an important determinant of this response. The present study reports on the dietary strategy employed in the SATgenÉ› (SATurated fat and gene APOE) study, to assess the impact of altered fat content and composition on the blood lipid profile according to the APOE genotype. A flexible dietary exchange model was developed to implement three isoenergetic diets: a low-fat (LF) diet (target composition: 24 % of energy (%E) as fat, 8 %E SFA and 59 %E carbohydrate), a high-saturated fat (H... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607954 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607953&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243661%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ma J, Wang Z, Dong B, Song Y, Hu P, Zhang B Abstract Children in China are experiencing a rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity, which is associated with hypertension. To compare the effect of body fat on blood pressure (BP) with that of the normal physical growth, we compared BP levels in Chinese children with different body fat levels. In the present population-based study, 13 972 children in the highest-skinfold-thickness-quartile group were individually matched to 13 972 children in the lowest-skinfold-thickness-quartile group by height and weight. Similarly, 5103 children in the highest-waist-circumference-quartile group were matched to the same number of children in the lowest-waist-circumference-quartile group. The high- and low-fat groups had similar height... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607953 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607952&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243687%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, adolescent girls whose diets were rich in dairy products and FV during the early- and mid-adolescent years were less likely to have EBP levels in later adolescence. PMID: 22243687 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607952 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607952 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607951&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243697%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qiu L, Sautter J, Gu D Abstract Tea consumption may be associated with reduced risk of morbidity and mortality; however, this association is not conclusive and has rarely been investigated among very old adults. The present study examines how self-reported frequency of tea consumption in daily life is associated with health and mortality among very old adults in China. The data are from a national longitudinal data set that included 32 606 individuals (13 429 men and 19 177 women) aged 65 years and older: 11 807 respondents aged 65 to 84 years and 20 799 respondents aged 85 years and older. A total of four measurements between 1998 and 2005 resulted in 51 668 observations. Hazard regressions showed that men who drink tea almost every day have a 10-20 % lower risk of... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607951 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607950&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243775%26dopt%3DAbstract This study investigates the impact of varying ratios of dietary linoleic acid (LA, 18 : 2n-6) to α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18 : 3n-3) on the inflammatory response in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: a non-colitic group with a LA:ALA ratio of 215 (CON-215), and colitic groups with LA:ALA ratios of 215 (DSS-215), 50 (DSS-50), 10 (DSS-10) and 2 (DSS-2). Blends of groundnut, palmolein and linseed oils were used to provide varying LA:ALA ratios. All the rats were fed the respective experimental isoenergetic diets containing 10 % fat for 90 d and DSS was administered during the last 11 d. Colonic inflammation was evaluated by clinical, biochemical and histological parameters. The results showed attenuation of col... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607950 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607949&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243836%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, FOS increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp., whereas both fructans reduced Clostridium cluster XI and C. difficile toxin gene expression, correlating with a reduction of chronic intestinal inflammation. PMID: 22243836 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607949 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607948&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243943%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, energy restriction and exercise both facilitate weight loss in overweight and obese subjects and reduce symptoms of the MetS. A diet with a 1:2 protein:carbohydrate ratio promoted better improvements than either the LP or HP diets, and may be superior in reducing long-term chronic disease risk in this population. PMID: 22243943 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607948 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607947&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22243983%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the low-glycaemic index bran chapatti flatbread had a lower postprandial glycaemic excursion and insulin response, and a more prolonged suppression of ghrelin levels, compared with the plain chapatti flatbread, and in each case, the difference was greater for the diabetic subjects than for the normal subjects. The inclusion of these flatbreads in the diabetic/weight-reducing diet may help weight loss by promoting satiety and reducing hyperinsulinaemia. PMID: 22243983 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607947 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607946&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244014%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lomax AR, Cheung LV, Tuohy KM, Noakes PS, Miles EA, Calder PC Abstract β2-1 fructans are considered to be prebiotics. Current literature indicates that β2-1 fructans may modulate some aspects of immune function, improve the host's ability to respond to certain intestinal infections, and modify some inflammatory outcomes in human subjects. However, there is a need to find out more about the modulation of immune markers by β2-1 fructans in humans. Healthy human subjects aged 45-65 years were randomly allocated to β2-1 fructans (Orafti® Synergy1; 8 g/d; n 22) or the digestible carbohydrate maltodextrin as placebo (n 21) for 4 weeks. Blood, saliva and faecal samples were collected at study entry and after 4 weeks. Immune parameters were measured using the blood and saliv... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607946 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607946 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607945&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244053%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Davis PA, Vasu VT, Gohil K, Kim H, Khan IH, Cross CE, Yokoyama W Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) has been linked to fat intake, but the effects of both different dietary fat levels and types remain inconsistent and incompletely characterised. The effects on PCa in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) cancer model of an elevated fat (20 % of energy as fat) diet containing 155 g of whole walnuts were compared to those of an elevated fat (20 % of energy as soyabean oil) diet with matched macronutrients, tocopherols as well as a low-fat (8 % of energy as soyabean oil) diet. Mice, starting at 8 weeks of age, consumed one of the three different diets ad libitum; and prostates, livers and blood were obtained after 9, 18 or 24 weeks of feeding. No differe... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607945 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607944&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244094%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim H, Lim YJ, Park JH, Cho Y Abstract Epidermal hydration is maintained primarily by natural moisturising factors (NMF), of which free amino acids (AA) are major constituents that are generated by filaggrin degradation. To identify dietary sources that may improve skin dryness of atopic dermatitis (AD), we investigated dietary effects of silk proteins, sericin and fibroin, on epidermal levels of hydration, filaggrins and free AA, as well as PPARγ, peptidylarginine deiminase-3 (PAD3) and caspase-14 proteins involved in filaggrin expression and degradation processes. NC/Nga mice, an animal model of AD, were fed a control diet (group CA: atopic control) or diets with 1 % sericin (group S) or fibroin (group F) for 10 weeks. In group S, epidermal levels of hydration, total f... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607944 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607943&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244257%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McNeil J, Riou ME, Razmjou S, Cadieux S, Doucet E Abstract Given the limitations associated with the measurement of food intake, we aimed to determine the reliability of a food menu to measure energy intake (EI) and macronutrient intake within the laboratory and under free-living conditions. A total of eight men and eight women (age 25·74 (sd 5·9) years, BMI 23·7 (sd 2·7) kg/m2) completed three identical in-laboratory sessions (ILS) and three out-of-laboratory sessions (OLS). During the ILS, participants had ad libitum access to a variety of foods, which they chose from a menu every hour, for 5 h. For the OLS, the foods were chosen from the menu at the start of the day and packed into containers to bring home. There were no significant differences in total EI (6118·... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607943 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607943 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607942&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cui Z, Dibley MJ Abstract Few studies have examined nutrition transition in children in China. Our aim, in the present study, was to examine temporal trends in dietary energy, fat, carbohydrate and protein intake in Chinese children aged 7-17 years. The analysis used individual level, consecutive 3 d dietary recall data from seven rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Surveys in 1991 (n 2714), 1993 (n 2542), 1997 (n 2516), 2000 (n 2142), 2004 (n 1341), 2006 (n 1072) and 2009 (n 996). Mixed-effect models were constructed to obtain adjusted means and to examine trends after adjusting for intra-class correlation within clusters and for covariates including age, sex, urban/rural residence and income. From 1991 to 2009, daily energy intake steadily declined from 9511·0 to ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607942 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607942 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607941&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244349%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, given twice-weekly for 26 weeks, MMN supplements can improve micronutrient status effectively with no significant increase in Hb concentration compared with IFA supplements in non-anaemic Bangladeshi adolescent girls. However, it significantly reduces the risk of anaemia. Before any recommendations can be made, further research, including into cost-effectiveness, is needed to see whether MMN supplementation has any additional longer-term health benefits over that of IFA supplementation in this population. PMID: 22244349 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607941 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607941 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607940&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244363%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hieu NT, Sandalinas F, de Sesmaisons A, Laillou A, Tam NP, Khan NC, Bruyeron O, Wieringa FT, Berger J Abstract In Vietnam, nutrition interventions do not target school children despite a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. The present randomised, placebo-controlled study evaluated the impact of providing school children (n 403) with daily multiple micronutrient-fortified biscuits (FB) or a weekly Fe supplement (SUP) on anaemia and Fe deficiency. Micronutrient status was assessed by concentrations of Hb, and plasma ferritin (PF), transferrin receptor (TfR), Zn and retinol. After 6 months of intervention, children receiving FB or SUP had a significantly better Fe status when compared with the control children (C), indicated by higher PF (FB: geometric mean 36·9 (... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607940 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607940 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607939&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244447%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pan Y, Guo LL, Cai LL, Zhu XJ, Shu JL, Liu XL, Jin HM Abstract The efficacy of homocysteine (Hcy)-lowering therapy in reducing the risk of CVD among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether pooling the data from the few small randomised, controlled trials that address this topic would improve the statistical power of the analysis and resolve some of the inconsistencies in the results. Randomised, controlled clinical trials (RCT) were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, www.clinicaltrials.gov, the Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register Database and Nephrology Filters. Independent extraction of articles was performed using predefined data fields. The primary outcome was relative risk (RR) of CVD, C... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607939 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607939 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5607938&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22244500%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sewekow E, Bimczok D, Kähne T, Faber-Zuschratter H, Kessler LC, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Rothkötter HJ Abstract Soya is considered to be one of the eight most significant food allergens. Among the allergenic soya proteins determined to date, P34 has been identified as one of the immunodominant soya antigens. Sensitisation to a specific food antigen like P34 generally follows the transit of intact antigens across the intestinal barrier and usually occurs in infants, who are most susceptible to food allergies. In the present study, we used the intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2, which was originally derived from the jejunum of a neonatal piglet, to recapitulate the infant intestinal epithelium and study the binding and uptake of P34 protein. P34 was partially resistant t... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5607938 Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5607938 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582718&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221324%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, LM, the cash-crop byproduct, provides a rare opportunity for income and nutrition, not only by providing cheap and available energy, protein and dietary factors, but also by providing antioxidants effective against chronic inflammatory disease. PMID: 22221324 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582718 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582718 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582717&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221397%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the data suggest a novel role of vitamin D3 in restoring impaired liver metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats by regulating glucose uptake, storage and metabolism. We demonstrated that the restoring effect of vitamin D3 is mediated through VDR modulation, thereby improving signal transduction and controlling free radicals in the liver of diabetic rats. These data suggest a potential role for vitamin D3 in the treatment of diabetes-associated hepatic complications. PMID: 22221397 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582717 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582716&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221412%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saravanan S, Geurden I, Figueiredo-Silva AC, Kaushik SJ, Haidar MN, Verreth JA, Schrama JW Abstract It has been hypothesised that, at non-limiting water oxygen conditions, voluntary feed intake (FI) in fish is limited by the maximal physiological capacity of oxygen use (i.e. an 'oxystatic control of FI in fish'). This implies that fish will adjust FI when fed diets differing in oxygen demand, resulting in identical oxygen consumption. Therefore, FI, digestible energy (DE) intake, energy balance and oxygen consumption were monitored at non-limiting water oxygen conditions in Nile tilapia fed diets with contrasting macronutrient composition. Diets were formulated in a 2 × 2 factorial design in order to create contrasts in oxygen demand: two ratios of digestible protein (D... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582716 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582715&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221450%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kuang YL, Eric Paulson K, Lichtenstein AH, Lamon-Fava S Abstract The cardioprotective effects of HDL have been largely attributed to their role in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, whose efficiency is affected by many proteins involved in the formation and remodelling of HDL. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects, and possible mechanisms of action, of unsaturated fatty acids on the expression of genes involved in HDL metabolism in HepG2 cells. The mRNA concentration of target genes was assessed by real-time PCR. Protein concentrations were determined by Western blot or immunoassays. PPAR and liver X receptor (LXR) activities were assessed in transfection experiments. Compared with the SFA palmitic acid (PA), the PUFA arachidonic acid (AA), EPA ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582715 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582714&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang J, Wang C, Li L, Man Q, Meng L, Song P, Frøyland L, Du ZY Abstract Dietary intervention studies to assess the cardioprotective effects of oily fish are scarce in China. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the oily fish, Norwegian salmon, herring and local farmed pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) on CVD risk markers when included in the Chinese diet. In this 8-week, parallel-arm, randomised intervention study, 126 Chinese women with hypertriacylglycerolaemia, aged 35-70 years, were assigned to four groups to consume an experimental lunch containing 80 g fillets of either one of three oily fish or a mix of commonly eaten meats (pork/chicken/beef/lean fish) for 5 d/week. The results showed that inclusion of the three oily fish significantly increased the int... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582714 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582713&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221517%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, consuming a MedDiet led to significant changes in plasma lipid profile in both men and women, while only men had significant improvements in insulin homeostasis. These results support the importance of investigating sex-related differences in response to diet in order to perhaps further individualise dietary guidelines in the prevention of CVD and type 2 diabetes. PMID: 22221517 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582713 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582712&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221545%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pallarès V, Calay D, Cedó L, Castell-Auví A, Raes M, Pinent M, Ardévol A, Arola L, Blay M Abstract Macrophages play an important role in immunogenic challenges by producing reactive oxygen species, NO and proinflammatory cytokines that can aggravate and propagate local inflammation. Multiple mechanisms regulate these inflammatory processes. NF-κB and activator protein 1 pathways are crucial in the expression of proinflammatory genes, such as TNF-α, IL-1 (α or β) and -6. Some polyphenols, which are present in beverages, vegetables and fruits, and PUFA, which are present in marine oils and fish food, possess anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro. Our aim in the present study was to assess whether polyphenols and PUFA have synergistic anti-inflammatory effect... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582712 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582711&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22221560%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hafizur RM, Kabir N, Chishti S Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic mechanism of Asparagus officinalis, a dietary agent used for the management of diabetes. Streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) was injected in 2-d-old Wistar rat pups to induce non-obese type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of diabetes on the 13th week, diabetic rats were treated with a methanolic extract of A. officinalis seeds (250 and 500 mg/kg per d) or glibenclamide for 28 d. After the treatment, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and total antioxidant status were measured. The pancreas was examined by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunostained β- and α-cells were observed using a fluorescence microscope. Treatment of the diabetic rats with the A. officinalis extract at... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582711 Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5582711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570292&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217331%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bosviel R, Durif J, Déchelotte P, Bignon YJ, Bernard-Gallon D Abstract S-Equol is a metabolite resulting from the conversion of daidzein, a soya phyto-oestrogen, by the gut microflora. The potential protective effects of equol in breast cancer are still under debate. Consequently, we investigated the effects of equol on DNA methylation of breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and oncosuppressors in breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and in a dystrophic breast cell line (MCF-10a) following exposure to S-equol (2 μm) for 3 weeks. We demonstrated by quantitative analysis of methylated alleles a significant decrease in the methylation of the cytosine phosphate guanine (CpG) islands in the promoters of BRCA1 and BRCA2 after the S-equol treatment i... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570292 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570291&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22217383%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, Arg has a beneficiary effect in improving the impaired SI development in IUGR piglets via regulating cell apoptosis and activating Akt and mTOR signals in SI mucosa. PMID: 22217383 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570291 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570291 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570298&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214730%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, GLM digestate significantly enhances non-haem Fe uptake in Caco-2 cells with a similar magnitude to that of beef. PMID: 22214730 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570298 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570298 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570296&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214826%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, adherence to a 'Nuts and Meat' dietary pattern may be associated with greater BMS in young women and a 'Refined' dietary pattern may be detrimental for bone health in young men. PMID: 22214826 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570296 Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570302&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22212646%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kalra P, Das V, Agarwal A, Kumar M, Ramesh V, Bhatia E, Gupta S, Singh S, Saxena P, Bhatia V Abstract Hypovitaminosis D is common in India. In the present prospective partially randomised study of vitamin D (D3) supplementation during pregnancy, subjects were randomised in the second trimester to receive either one oral dose of 1500 μg vitamin D3 (group 1, n 48) or two doses of 3000 μg vitamin D3 each in the second and third trimesters (group 2, n 49). Maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) at term, cord blood (CB) alkaline phosphatase (ALP), neonatal serum Ca and anthropometry were measured in these subjects and in forty-three non-supplemented mother-infant pairs (usual care). Median maternal 25(OH)D at term was higher in group 2 (58·7, interquartile range (IQR) 38·... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570302 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570301&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214529%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Robinson E, Blissett J, Higgs S Abstract Novel ways to increase liking and intake of food are needed to encourage acceptance of healthier food. How enjoyable we remember food to have been is likely to be a significant predictor of food choice. Two studies examined whether remembered enjoyment of eating a food can be increased and whether this makes individuals more likely to eat that food in the future. In Study One, a simple manipulation of instructing participants to rehearse what they found enjoyable about a food immediately after eating it was used to increase remembered enjoyment (relative to controls). In a separate study; Study Two, the effect of increasing remembered enjoyment on food choice was tested by examining whether the manipulation to increase remembered en... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570301 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570300&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214604%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Northstone K PMID: 22214604 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570300 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570300 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570299&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214652%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, Arg supplementation could inhibit the excessive activation of the TLR4-Myd88 signalling pathway and thus attenuated the negative effects caused by the immune challenge of S.C500. PMID: 22214652 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570299 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570299 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570297&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214788%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of feeding intensity (80 or 120 % RDA), dietary fat source (n-3, n-6 or n-9 fatty acids (FA)) and short-term fasting (1-7 d) on hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and the development of fatty liver in mink. Significantly elevated expression of mRNA encoding for acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 (ACC-1) and FA synthase (FAS) was observed in the liver of mink fasted for 5-7 d, while upon re-feeding for 28 d after a 7 d food deprivation, DNL returned to pre-fasting levels. The females had a higher expression of ACC-1 and FAS mRNA than the males. In the non-fasted animals, dietary fat source and feeding intensity had significant effects on ACC-1 mRNA. The highest levels were observed in the mink fed the rapeseed oil (n-9) diet at 80Â... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570297 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570295&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214842%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Munro IA, Garg ML Abstract Obesity is associated with elevated levels of inflammation and metabolic abnormalities which are linked to CVD. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether long-chain n-3 PUFA (LCn-3PUFA), combined with a very-low-energy diet (VLED), facilitated weight loss and weight maintenance, and improvements in blood lipids and inflammatory mediators. This was a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial with two parallel groups. For 14 weeks, one group consumed 6 × 1 g capsules/d of monounsaturated oil (placebo group, PB), and the other group consumed 6 × 1 g capsules/d of LCn-3PUFA (fish oil group, FO), each comprising 70 mg EPA and 270 mg DHA. Both groups were on VLED for 4 weeks (n 14 PB, n 18 FO), which was then followed by 10 wee... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570295 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570295 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570294&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214882%26dopt%3DAbstract The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of flax hulls and/or flax oil on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)) in plasma and the mammary gland and the relative mRNA abundance of antioxidant genes in the mammary gland of dairy cows. A total of eight dairy cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. There were four treatments: control with no flax hulls (CONT), 9·88 % flax hulls in the DM (HULL), control with 500 g flax oil/d infused in the abomasum (COFO), 9·88 % flax hulls in the DM and 500 g flax oil/d infused in the abomasum (HUFO). Plasma GPX activity tended to decrease with flax oil supplementation. Cows fed HULL had higher levels of CAT, GPX... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570294 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570294 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5570293&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22214977%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Titova OE, Ayvazova EA, Bichkaeva FA, Brooks SJ, Chumakova GN, Schiöth HB, Benedict C Abstract Smoking during pregnancy has been shown to be detrimental for the developing fetus. The effects of active and passive maternal smoking on umbilical cord serum levels of vitamin A and vitamin E were examined. Secondary measures included anthropometric parameters in the newborn. Maternal and umbilical cord serum levels of vitamins A and E were measured at delivery. The mothers were assigned to three groups: non-smoking (n 12); passive smoking (n 13); active smoking (n 18). Based on multivariate linear regressions, active smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased umbilical cord serum levels of vitamin A and vitamin E. While enhanced circulating levels of vitamin A in c... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5570293 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5570293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541473&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182464%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kabeerdoss J, Shobana Devi R, Regina Mary R, Ramakrishna BS Abstract The effect of vegetarian diets on faecal microbiota has been explored largely through culture-based techniques. The present study compared the faecal microbiota of vegetarian and omnivorous young women in southern India. Faecal samples were obtained from thirty-two lacto-vegetarian and twenty-four omnivorous young adult women from a similar social and economic background. Macronutrient intake and anthropometric data were collected. Faecal microbiota of interest was quantified by real-time PCR with SYBR Green using primers targeting 16S rRNA genes of groups, including: Clostridium coccoides group (Clostridium cluster XIVa), Roseburia spp.-Eubacterium rectale, Bacteroides-Prevotella group, Bifidobacterium g... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541473 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541473 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541472&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182482%26dopt%3DAbstract Effect of altering dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on cardiovascular risk measures in patients treated with statins: a pilot study. Br J Nutr. 2011 Dec 20;:1-6 Authors: Lee SP, Dart AM, Walker KZ, O'Dea K, Chin-Dusting JP, Skilton MR Abstract Increasing dietary n-3 PUFA decreases the risk of CHD. Since n-6 PUFA compete with n-3 PUFA for common metabolic enzymes, the n-6:n-3 ratio intake rather than the n-3 PUFA intake levels per se may be critical. We aimed to examine whether altering the n-6:n-3 ratio affects cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolaemic patients on lipid management with statins. Adhering to a randomised, crossover study design, patients on statins (n 11) were placed on one of two dietary interventions (Diet high-... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541472 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541472 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541467&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186663%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: He GZ, Zhou KG, Zhang R, Chen XF Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the impacts of n-3 PUFA and lymph drainage (D) on intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. A total of forty-eight Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups (n 16): normal diet (N), enteral nutrition (EN) and EN plus n-3 PUFA. Each group was further divided into lymph drainage (I/R+D) and non-drainage (I/R) sub-groups (n 8). After 5 d with different nutrition regimens, the rats were subjected to 60 min ischaemia by clamping the superior mesenteric artery, followed by 120 min reperfusion. At the same time, the rats in the I/R+D sub-groups were treated with intestinal lymph drainage for 180 min. Organs were harvested and we detected the cytokine, ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541467 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541466&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186699%26dopt%3DAbstract This study showed heterogeneity in flavan-3-ol, PA and theaflavin intake throughout the EPIC countries. PMID: 22186699 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541466 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541466 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541465&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186747%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ng SW, Ni Mhurchu C, Jebb SA, Popkin BM Abstract Many dietary recommendations include reduction of excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and other energy-rich beverages such as juices and alcohol. The present study examines surveys of both individual dietary intake data and household food expenditure surveys to provide a picture of patterns and trends in beverage intake and purchases in Great Britain from 1986 to 2009, and estimates the potential for pricing policy to promote more healthful beverage purchase patterns. In 2008-9, beverages accounted for 21, 14 and 18 % of daily energy intake for children aged 1·5-18 and 4-18 years, and adults (19-64 years), respectively. Since the 1990s, the most important shifts have been a reduction in consumption of high-... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541465 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541465 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541464&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186800%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Winkler JT PMID: 22186800 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541464 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541463&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186835%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brock KE, Ke L, Gridley G, Chiu BC, Ershow AG, Lynch CF, Graubard BI, Cantor KP Abstract The association between renal cell cancer (RCC) and intake of fruit, vegetables and nutrients was examined in a population-based case-control study of 323 cases and 1827 controls; dietary intake was obtained using a mailed questionnaire. Cancer risks were estimated by OR and 95 % CI, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, obesity, hypertension, proxy status, alcohol consumption and dietary fat intake and energy. Intake of vegetables was associated with a decreased risk of RCC (OR 0·5; 95 % CI 0·3, 0·7; Ptrend = 0·002), (top compared to the bottom quartile of intake). When intake of individual nutrients was investigated, vegetable fibre intake was associated with decreased risks (OR 0... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541463 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541463 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541462&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22186906%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Grdović N, Dinić S, ArambaÅ¡ić J, Mihailović M, Uskoković A, Marković J, Poznanović G, Vidović S, Zeković Z, Mujić A, Mujić I, Vidaković M Abstract Pancreatic β-cell death or dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress underlies the development and progression of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we tested extracts from the edible mushroom Lactarius deterrimus and the chestnut Castanea sativa, as well as their mixture (MIX Ld/Cs), for potential beneficial effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic β-cell death. Analysis of chelating effects, reducing power and radical-scavenging assays revealed strong antioxidant effects of the C. sativa extract and MIX Ld/Cs, while the L. deterrimus extract displayed a weak to moderate effect. The antioxidative e... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541462 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541462 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541476&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182347%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vafeiadou K, Weech M, Sharma V, Yaqoob P, Todd S, Williams CM, Jackson KG, Lovegrove JA Abstract Vascular dysfunction is recognised as an integrative marker of CVD. While dietary strategies aimed at reducing CVD risk include reductions in the intake of SFA, there are currently no clear guidelines on what should replace SFA. The purpose of this review was to assess the evidence for the effects of total dietary fat and individual fatty acids (SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA) on vascular function, cellular microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells. Medline was systematically searched from 1966 until November 2010. A total of fifty-nine peer-reviewed publications (covering fifty-six studies), which included five epidemiological, eighteen dietary intervention and thirty-three test... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541476 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541476 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541475&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182368%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Das I, Acharya A, Berry DL, Sen S, Williams E, Permaul E, Sengupta A, Bhattacharya S, Saha T Abstract The role of dietary factors in inhibiting or delaying the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has been investigated for many years. Cardamom, which is a dietary phytoproduct, has been commonly used in cuisines for flavour and has numerous health benefits, such as improving digestion and stimulating metabolism and having antitumorigenic effects. We have investigated the efficacy of dietary cardamom against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced skin papillomatogenesis in Swiss albino mice that closely resembles human NMSC. Mice were grouped into normal wild type (untreated), vehicle-treated (acetone), carcinogen-treated (DMBA), and DMBA and cardamom-treate... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541475 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541475 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541474&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22182422%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saha SS, Ghosh M Abstract The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of α-eleostearic acid and punicic acid, two isomers of conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) present in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and snake gourd oil (Trichosanthes anguina), respectively, against oxidative stress, inflammatory challenge and aberration in erythrocyte morphology due to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Male albino rats were divided into four groups consisting of eight animals in each group. The first group served as control and diabetes was induced in rats in groups 2-4 by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Moreover, rats in groups 3 and 4 were treated with 0·5 % of α-eleostearic acid and 0·5 % of punicic acid of the total lipid given, respectively, by o... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541474 Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541474 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541479&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22176632%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Morgan LM, Shi JW, Hampton SM, Frost G Abstract Shiftworkers have a higher risk of CHD and type 2 diabetes. They consume a large proportion of their daily energy and carbohydrate intake in the late evening or night-time, a factor which could be linked to their increase in disease risk. We compared the metabolic effects of varying both dietary glycaemic index (GI) and the time at which most daily energy intake was consumed. We hypothesised that glucose control would be optimal with a low-GI diet, consumed predominantly early in the day. A total of six healthy lean volunteers consumed isoenergetic meals on four occasions, comprising either high- or low-GI foods, with 60 % energy consumed predominantly early (breakfast) or late (supper). Interstitial glucose was measured con... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541479 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541479 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541478&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22176649%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a post-weaning Western-style diet exacerbates early programming of diastolic BP in Yucatan miniature swine, whereas systolic BP is more sensitive to postnatal diet. PMID: 22176649 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541478 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5541477&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22177728%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a higher number of eating occasions were associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk factors in men. Many associations were mediated by waist circumference. PMID: 22177728 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5541477 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5541477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519622&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bai SP, Lu L, Wang RL, Xi L, Zhang LY, Luo XG Abstract In the present study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Mn source on Mn transport and the expression of a Mn transporter, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), in the small intestine of broilers. In Expt 1, in situ ligated duodenal loops from Mn-deficient chicks (29-d-old) were perfused with solutions containing 0-8·74 mmol Mn/l from either MnSO4, or one of two organic chelates of Mn and amino acids with moderate (OM) or strong (OS) chelation strength (Qf) up to 30 min. In Expt 2, Mn-deficient intact broilers (14-d-old) were fed a control diet (12·45 mg Mn/kg) or the control diet supplemented with 100 mg Mn/kg as one of all Mn sources for 14 d. The uptake kinetics of Mn from different Mn... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519622 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519621&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172141%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Muscher AS, Wilkens MR, Mrochen N, Schröder B, Breves G, Huber K Abstract In ruminant feeding, the reduction of dietary protein is an effective approach for decreasing the excretion of N. In non-ruminant species, the intestinal absorption of Ca was affected when dietary protein was reduced. Therefore, it was the aim of the present study to characterise the intestinal absorption of Ca and inorganic phosphate (Pi) in goats fed different N and Ca diets. Intestinal flux rates of Ca and Pi were determined in goats fed a reduced N and Ca diet by Ussing chamber experiments. For a more mechanistic approach, the uptake of Ca and Pi in intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV), the expression levels of the epithelial Ca channel transient receptor potential vanilloid channel ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519621 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519621 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519620&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172151%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alves Martins D, Rocha F, Martínez-Rodríguez G, Bell G, Morais S, Castanheira F, Bandarra N, Coutinho J, Yúfera M, Conceição LE Abstract Dietary fatty acid supply can affect stress response in fish during early development. Although knowledge on the mechanisms involved in fatty acid regulation of stress tolerance is scarce, it has often been hypothesised that eicosanoid profiles can influence cortisol production. Genomic cortisol actions are mediated by cytosolic receptors which may respond to cellular fatty acid signalling. An experiment was designed to test the effects of feeding gilthead sea-bream larvae with four microdiets, containing graded arachidonic acid (ARA) levels (0·4, 0·8, 1·5 and 3·0 %), on the expression of genes involved in stress response (stero... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519620 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519620 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519619&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172158%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weksler-Zangen S, Mizrahi T, Raz I, Mirsky N Abstract In search for an effective oral treatment for diabetes, we examined the capacity of glucose tolerance factor (GTF) extracted from yeast and administered orally to reduce hyperglycaemia in rat models exhibiting insulin deficiency. The cellular effect of GTF on the insulin signalling pathway was investigated in vitro. GTF (oral bolus), insulin (intraperitoneal) or their combination was administered to streptozotocin-diabetic (STZ) or hyperglycaemic Cohen diabetic-sensitive (hyp-CDs) rats. Blood glucose (BG) and insulin levels were measured in the postprandial (PP) state and during an oral glucose tolerance test. Deoxy-glucose transport and insulin signal transduction were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and myoblasts incuba... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519619 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519619 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519618&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172166%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Miyazaki A, Sano M, Fukuwatari T, Shibata K Abstract Several studies have shown that blood vitamin levels are lower in alcoholic patients than in control subjects. Acute ethanol exposure enhances the release of vitamins from liver cells in vitro. The aim of the present study is to confirm the effects of ethanol consumption on vitamin contents in vivo. We compared the contents of B-group vitamins in the liver, blood and urine between ethanol-fed and control rats fed a diet containing a sufficient- and low-vitamin mixture. The experimental rats were fed a 15 % ethanol solution freely for 28 d, and then 24 h urine samples were collected, after which the animals were killed. The B-group vitamin contents in the liver, blood and urine were measured. No differences in liver, b... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519618 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519618 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519617&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172207%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, sweet marjoram leaves (especially in the form of a herbal tea) may be useful as an immunostimulant and in reducing genotoxicity in patients under chemotherapeutic interventions. PMID: 22172207 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519617 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519617 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519616&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wong S, Derry F, Jamous A, Hirani SP, Grimble G, Forbes A Abstract Data on the prevalence of malnutrition among patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI) are lacking. The aim of the present study was to assess nutritional risk at admission, and the status of nutritional support in the UK SCI Centres (SCIC); a cross-sectional, multicentre study in four SCIC. A standardised questionnaire was used and distributed to the participating SCIC. After obtaining informed consent, baseline demographic data, nutritional risk score by the 'Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool', BMI and routine blood biochemistry were collected from every patient admitted to an SCIC. The four SCIC, comprising 48·2 % of the total UK SCI beds, contributed data from 150 patients. On admission, 44·3 % o... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519616 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519616 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519615&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172251%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Freitas KD, Amancio OM, de Morais MB Abstract Considering the high frequency of anaemia due to Fe deficiency, it is important to evaluate the effects of prebiotics on the absorption of Fe. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of high-performance (HP) inulin, oligofructose and synergy1 during recovery from anaemia in rats through the intestinal absorption of Fe, food intake, body growth, caecal pH and weight of the intestine. Wistar rats (n 47) were fed with rations of AIN93-G with no Fe to induce Fe deficiency anaemia. At 36 d of life, anaemic rats were divided into four groups: (1) the HP inulin group; (2) the synergy1 group; and (3) the oligofructose group, all with 100 g of the respective prebiotic per kg of ration; and (4) a control group, in whic... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519615 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519615 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519614&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172314%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, fatty acids selectively 'activate' ovine phagocytes, suggesting that these cells 'sense' metabolic signals derived from adipocytes. Soya protein peptides inhibit all changes in gene expression induced by fatty acids in ovine phagocytes in vitro. This constitutes a novel mechanism of action. PMID: 22172314 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519614 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519614 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519613&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172339%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sluik D, Boeing H, Bergmann MM, Schütze M, Teucher B, Kaaks R, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Arriola L, Ardanaz E, Bendinelli B, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Mattiello A, Spijkerman AM, Beulens JW, Grobbee DE, Nilsson PM, Melander O, Franks PW, Rolandsson O, Riboli E, Gallo V, Romaguera D, Nöthlings U Abstract Studies have suggested that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of CVD and premature mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus. However, history of alcohol consumption has hardly been taken into account. We investigated the association between current alcohol consumption and mortality in men and women with diabetes mellitus accounting for past alcohol consumption. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519613 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519612&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172380%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, this is the first study which presents the chemopreventive effects (reduction of tumour-promoting desoxycholic acid, rise in chemopreventive SCFA, protection against oxidative stress) of different nuts after in vitro digestion and fermentation, and shows the potential importance of nuts in the prevention of colon cancer. PMID: 22172380 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519612 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519611&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172428%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether regular consumption of gold kiwifruit reduces symptoms of URTI in older people, and determine the effect it has on plasma antioxidants, and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and immune function. A total of thirty-two community-dwelling people ( ≥ 65 years) participated in a randomised crossover study, consuming the equivalent of four kiwifruit or two bananas daily for 4 weeks, with treatments separated by a 4-week washout period. Participants completed the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey-21 daily, and blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each treatment and washout period. Gold kiwifruit did not significantly reduce the overall incidence of URTI compared with banana, but significantly re... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519611 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519611 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519610&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172468%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: van Can JG, van Loon LJ, Brouns F, Blaak EE Abstract The impact of slowly digestible sugars in reducing the risk of developing obesity and related metabolic disorders remains unclear. We hypothesised that such carbohydrates (CHO), resulting in a lower glycaemic and insulinaemic response, may lead to greater postprandial fat oxidation rates in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The present study intends to compare the postprandial metabolic responses to the ingestion of glucose (GLUC) v. trehalose (TRE) and sucrose (SUC) v. isomaltulose (IMU). In a randomised, single-blind, cross-over design, ten overweight IGT subjects were studied four times, following ingestion of different CHO drinks either at breakfast or in combination with a mixed meal at lunch. Before a... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519610 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519610 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519609&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172525%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, these data do not support our hypothesis that 18 : 3n-3 and 18 : 2n-6 are associated with HF. However, these results may not be generalisable to populations with higher intakes of 18 : 3n-3. PMID: 22172525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519609 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519608&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22172554%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wallace JM, McCormack JM, McNulty H, Walsh PM, Robson PJ, Bonham MP, Duffy ME, Ward M, Molloy AM, Scott JM, Ueland PM, Strain JJ Abstract Choline is an essential nutrient and can also be obtained by de novo synthesis via an oestrogen responsive pathway. Choline can be oxidised to the methyl donor betaine, with short-term supplementation reported to lower plasma total homocysteine (tHcy); however, the effects of longer-term choline supplementation are less clear. We investigated the effect of choline supplementation on plasma concentrations of free choline, betaine and tHcy and B-vitamin status in postmenopausal women, a group more susceptible to low choline status. We also assessed whether supplementation altered plasma lipid profiles. In this randomised, double-blinded, p... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519608 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519608 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519623&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22166268%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ravnskov U, Diamond D, Canan Efendigil Karatay M, Miller DW, Okuyama H PMID: 22166268 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519623 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519623 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519625&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153148%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pedersen JI, Norum KR, James PT, Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Clarke R, Elmadfa I, Kris-Etherton PM, Kromhout D, Margetts BM, Mensink RP, Rayner M, Uusitupa M PMID: 22153148 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519625 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519625 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519624&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153203%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pedersen JI, Norum KR, James PT, Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Clarke R, Elmadfa I, Kris-Etherton PM, Kromhout D, Margetts BM, Mensink RP, Rayner M, Uusitupa M PMID: 22153203 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519624 Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519624 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519636&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152054%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, treatment with a cafeteria diet for 17 weeks in rats mimicked a pre-diabetic state, with ectopic lipid accumulation in the pancreas, and increased the IDE-mediated insulin clearance capability. PMID: 22152054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519636 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519635&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152092%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Abdulrazaq NB, Cho MM, Win NN, Zaman R, Rahman MT Abstract Zingiber officinale (ZO), commonly known as ginger, has been traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Several studies have reported the hypoglycaemic properties of ginger in animal models. The present study evaluated the antihyperglycaemic effect of its aqueous extract administered orally (daily) in three different doses (100, 300, 500 mg/kg body weight) for a period of 30 d to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A dose-dependent antihyperglycaemic effect revealed a decrease of plasma glucose levels by 38 and 68 % on the 15th and 30th day, respectively, after the rats were given 500 mg/kg. The 500 mg/kg ZO significantly (P < 0·05) decreased kidney weight (% body weight) in ZO-tre... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519635 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519634&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152114%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bourdon A, Rougé C, Legrand A, Des Robert C, Piloquet H, Vodovar M, Voyer M, Rozé JC, Darmaun D Abstract As gut immaturity precludes full enteral feeding, very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants receive parenteral nutrition (PN) during the first few weeks of life. Weaning VLBW infants off PN, however, is a top priority since PN is associated with a high risk of complications. The decision making is purely empirical, as there is currently no suitable index of gastrointestinal (GI) maturity. Plasma citrulline concentration is considered an index of GI function in conditions such as short-bowel syndrome and coeliac disease in adults. To identify the factors determining urinary citrulline excretion, and determine whether urinary citrulline excretion could be used as a n... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519634 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519630&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152702%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, the present study suggests that fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference. PMID: 22152702 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519630 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519629&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152781%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Paiva AA, Faiad JZ, Taki MS, de Lima Reis SR, de Souza LM, Dos Santos MP, Chaves VE, Kawashita NH, de Oliveira HC, Raposo HF, Carneiro EM, Latorraca MQ, Gomes-da-Silva MH, Martins MS Abstract Nutritional recovery with a soyabean diet decreases body and fat weights when compared with a casein diet. We investigated whether the reduced adiposity observed in rats recovering from early-life malnutrition with a soyabean diet results from alterations in lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) and/or brown adipose tissue (BAT). Male rats from mothers fed either 17 or 6 % protein during pregnancy and lactation were maintained on 17 % casein (CC and LC groups), 17 % soyabean (CS and LS groups) or 6 % casein (LL group) diets over 60 d. The rats maintained on a soyabean di... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519629 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519629 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519627&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152988%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to investigate whether lycopene and β-carotene in micelles (M), at concentrations that could be reached via the diet (10-25 μg/ml) could aid in the reduction of TNF-α plus IL-1β-induced inflammation of Caco-2 human epithelial cells. The impact on biomarkers of inflammation, including IL-8, NO and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (through PGE-2α), and the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways of intracellular signalling cascades were evaluated compared with controls (empty M). Furthermore, proteomic analyses were conducted from total cellular protein extracts. The results revealed that isolated carotenoids had no statistical significant anti-inflammatory effect on the biomarkers observed, or on the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK. Neverthele... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519627 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519626&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22153060%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pérez-Jiménez A, Peres H, Cruz Rubio V, Oliva-Teles A Abstract Free radicals are continuously generated during an organism's lifetime. In order to understand the involvement in the oxidative status of fish, methionine and white tea were assayed as antioxidant supplements in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). For the purpose of this study, four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 45 % of protein and 18 % lipid and 0·3 % methionine (Met diet), 2·9 % white tea dry leaves (Tea diet) and 2·9 % of white tea dry leaves+0·3 % methionine (Tea+Met diet). An unsupplemented diet was used as the control. Key enzymatic antioxidant defences, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme profile, total, reduced and oxidised glutathione and oxidativ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519626 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519633&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152498%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lomer MC, Cook WB, Jan-Mohamed HJ, Hutchinson C, Liu DY, Hider RC, Powell JJ Abstract Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Traditional clinical markers of Fe status can be skewed in the presence of inflammation, meaning that a patient's Fe status can be misinterpreted. Additionally, Fe absorption is known to be down-regulated in patients with active IBD. However, whether this is the case for quiescent or mildly active disease has not been formally assessed. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Fe absorption, Fe requirements and standard haematological indices in IBD patients without active disease. A group of twenty-nine patients with quiescent or mildly active IBD and twenty-eight ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519633 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519632&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152591%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Edmunds SJ, Roy NC, Davy M, Cooney JM, Barnett MP, Zhu S, Park Z, Love DR, Laing WA Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term for conditions characterised by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving an inappropriate immune response to commensal micro-organisms in a genetically susceptible host. Previously, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of gold kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) or green kiwifruit (A. deliciosa) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro models of IBD. The present study examined whether these kiwifruit extracts (KFE) had immune-modulating effects in vivo against inflammatory processes that are known to be increased in patients with IBD. KFE were used as a dietary intervention in IL-10-gene-deficien... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519632 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519631&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152646%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Poirier J, Cockell KA, Scoggan KA, Nimal Ratnayake WM, Rocheleau H, Gruber H, Swist E, Griffin P, Gagnon C, Kubow S Abstract The aim of the present study was to elucidate possible cholesterol-lowering mechanism(s) of high-dose supplemental Se in the form of selenite, a known hypocholesterolaemic agent. Male Syrian hamsters (four groups, ten per group) were fed semi-purified diets for 4 weeks containing 0·1 % cholesterol and 15 % saturated fat with selenite corresponding to varying levels of Se: (1) Se 0·15 parts per million (ppm), control diet; (2) Se 0·85 ppm; (3) Se 1·7 ppm; (4) Se 3·4 ppm. Lipids were measured in the bile, faeces, liver and plasma. The mRNA expression of several known regulators of cholesterol homeostasis (ATP-binding cassette transporters g5... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519631 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519628&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22152918%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zheng S, Rollet M, Yang K, Pan YX Abstract Maternal exposure to environmental agents throughout pregnancy may change certain metabolic processes during the offspring's mammary gland development and alter the epigenome. This may predispose the offspring to breast cancer later in life. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of maternal protein restriction on the regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) gene expression in the mammary gland of rat offspring. Timed-mated Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of the two isoenergetic diets, control (C, 18 % casein) or low protein (LP, 9 % casein), during gestation. Compared with the C group, LP offspring showed a decrease of p21 in the mammary gland at both the mRNA and protein levels. Chromatin im... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519628 Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519628 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519646&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Elgass S, Cooper A, Chopra M Abstract Angiogenesis is important for tumour vascularisation and growth, and is therefore a promising target for cancer therapy. The present study reports inhibition of in vitro angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as well as in rat aortic rings at physiological concentrations of lycopene, that is, 1-2 μmol/l. At a final concentration of 1·15 μmol/l, a significant reduction (P < 0·05) in network branching, that is, junction numbers, the number of tubules and tubule length, was observed in both HUVEC as well as in the rat aortic rings. The inhibitory effect of lycopene was independent of the presence of the pro-angiogenic agents, vascular endothelial growth factor and TNF-α. The anti-angiogenic effects of l... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519646 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519645&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142458%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, an integrated approach of profiling both genes and proteins in blood showed that 4 weeks of moderate alcohol consumption altered immune responses and lipid metabolism. PMID: 22142458 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519645 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519644&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142480%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Qin B, Anderson RA Abstract Chokeberries are a rich source of anthocyanins, which may contribute to the prevention of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to determine if an extract from chokeberries would reduce weight gain in rats fed a fructose-rich diet (FRD) and to explore the potential mechanisms related to insulin signalling, adipogenesis and inflammatory-related pathways. Wistar rats were fed a FRD for 6 weeks to induce insulin resistance, with or without chokeberry extract (CBE) added to the drinking-water (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, daily: CBE100 and CBE200). Both doses of CBE consumption lowered epididymal fat, blood glucose, TAG, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. CBE consumption also elevated plasma adiponectin levels and inh... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519644 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519643&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Urs S, Henderson T, Le P, Rosen CJ, Liaw L Abstract We recently characterised Sprouty1 (Spry1), a growth factor signalling inhibitor as a regulator of marrow progenitor cells promoting osteoblast differentiation at the expense of adipocytes. Adipose tissue-specific Spry1 expression in mice resulted in increased bone mass and reduced body fat, while conditional knockout of Spry1 had the opposite effect with decreased bone mass and increased body fat. Because Spry1 suppresses normal fat development, we tested the hypothesis that Spry1 expression prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, bone loss and associated lipid abnormalities, and demonstrate that Spry1 has a long-term protective effect on mice fed a high-energy diet. We studied diet-induced obesity in mice with fatty aci... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519643 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519642&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142517%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cash SW, Beresford SA, Henderson JA, McTiernan A, Xiao L, Wang CY, Patrick DL Abstract Obesity is associated with impaired health-related quality of life (QOL) and reduced productivity; less is known about the effect of dietary factors. The present study investigated how dietary behaviours, physical activity and BMI relate to weight-specific QOL and work productivity. The study was conducted in thirty-one small blue-collar and service industry worksites in Seattle. Participants were 747 employees (33·5 % non-White). Measures included self-reported servings of fruits and vegetables, dietary behaviours such as fast food consumption, Godin free-time physical activity scores, measured height and weight, Obesity and Weight-Loss QOL (OWLQOL) scores, and Work Limitations Questi... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519642 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519641&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142820%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, fruit and vegetables were the food groups of the DASH diet associated with reduced BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their consumption might play a protective role against increased BP values. PMID: 22142820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519641 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519640&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142867%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, all data suggested that astaxanthin was better than canthaxanthin as the dietary carotenoid source in the commercial diet of P. monodon, and the supplement of cholesterol could positively enhance the efficiency of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin. PMID: 22142867 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519640 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519639&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142891%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, 3 weeks of daily LcS intake in Italian male smokers was associated with a higher increase in cytotoxic activity and CD16+ cells' number in comparison to the placebo intake group. PMID: 22142891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519639 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519638&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142937%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mateos-Martín ML, Pérez-Jiménez J, Fuguet E, Torres JL Abstract The non-extractable fraction of many fruit and vegetables contains putatively bioactive polyphenolic compounds that, in most cases, have not been well characterised structurally. Non-extractable proanthocyanidins (NEPA) of a polymeric nature are part of the dietary fibre fraction of food. Using liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionisation chamber and a triple quadrupole mass analyser for tandem analysis (HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS) techniques, we examine the phenolic metabolites present in urine and faeces from rats 24 h after ingestion of an NEPA-rich fraction. We show that NEPA are partially depolymerised during their transit along the intestinal tract, as evidenc... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519638 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519637&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22142968%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, percentage weight loss in the previous 3-6 months does seem valid to predict nutritional risk, and may be the minimum in a busy routine. PMID: 22142968 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519637 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519654&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136711%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ottestad I, Vogt G, Retterstøl K, Myhrstad MC, Haugen JE, Nilsson A, Ravn-Haren G, Nordvi B, Brønner KW, Andersen LF, Holven KB, Ulven SM Abstract Intake of fish oil reduces the risk of CHD and CHD deaths. Marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) are susceptible to oxidation, but to our knowledge, the health effects of intake of oxidised fish oil have not previously been investigated in human subjects. The aim of the present study was to investigate markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and inflammation, and the level of plasma n-3 FA after intake of oxidised fish oil. In a double-blinded randomised controlled study, healthy subjects (aged 18-50 years, n 54) were assigned into one of three groups receiving capsules containing either 8 g/d of fish oil (1·6 g/d EPA+DHA; n ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519654 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519653&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136740%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoile SP, Lillycrop KA, Grenfell LR, Hanson MA, Burdge GC Abstract Environmental exposures throughout the life course, including nutrition, may induce phenotypic and epigenetic changes. There is limited information about how timing affects the nature of such effects induced by a specific nutritional exposure. We investigated the effect of increased exposure to folic acid before birth or during the juvenile-pubertal period in rats on the epigenetic regulation of glucose homeostasis. Rats were fed either a folic acid-adequate (AF; 1 mg/kg feed) or a folic acid-supplemented (FS; 5 mg/kg feed) diet from conception until delivery and then an AF diet during lactation. Juvenile rats were fed either the AF or the FS diet from weaning for 28 d and then an AF diet. Liver and bloo... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519653 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519652&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136751%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to test the logical extrapolation of the ucOC hormone hypothesis to humans that elevated ucOC is associated with higher body weight, BMI and fat mass. In a cross-sectional analysis, the associations of vitamin K status with circulating adiponectin and body composition were investigated in 244 postmenopausal women (study I). The effects of vitamin K treatment on adiponectin, body weight and BMI were investigated in archived samples from forty-two young men and women who received varying doses of menaquinone-7 during 12 weeks (study II) and from a cohort of 164 postmenopausal women who participated in a 3-year placebo-controlled trial on 45 mg menaquinone-4 (MK-4) (study III). No association was found between vitamin K status and circulating adiponectin before or after vit... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519652 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519651&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136756%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De Keyzer W, Huybrechts I, Dekkers AL, Geelen A, Crispim S, Hulshof PJ, Andersen LF, Rehůřková I, Ruprich J, Volatier JL, Van Maele G, Slimani N, Van't Veer P, de Boer E, De Henauw S Abstract Studies using 24 h urine collections need to incorporate ways to validate the completeness of the urine samples. Models to predict urinary creatinine excretion (UCE) have been developed for this purpose; however, information on their usefulness to identify incomplete urine collections is limited. We aimed to develop a model for predicting UCE and to assess the performance of a creatinine index using para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a reference. Data were taken from the European Food Consumption Validation study comprising two non-consecutive 24 h urine collections from 600 subjec... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519651 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519650&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136806%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, digestive and absorptive functions mature in the prenatal period, but are similarly affected by postnatal feeding and bacterial exposure in both preterm and term pigs. Nutrient maldigestion may contribute to NEC development, while a prematurity-related hyper-responsiveness to endotoxins could be less important, at least in pigs. PMID: 22136806 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519650 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519649&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136881%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hackam DJ PMID: 22136881 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519649 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519648&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136957%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoenselaar R PMID: 22136957 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519648 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519647&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22136984%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gonzalez JT, Stevenson EJ Abstract The enhancement of fat oxidation during exercise is an aim for both recreational exercising individuals and endurance athletes. Nutritional status may explain a large part of the variation in maximal rates of fat oxidation during exercise. This review reveals novel insights into nutritional manipulation of substrate selection during exercise, explaining putative mechanisms of action and evaluating the current evidence. Lowering the glycaemic index of the pre-exercise meal can enhance lipid utilisation by up to 100 % through reduced insulin concentrations, although its application may be restricted to specific training sessions rather than competition. Chronic effects of dietary glycaemic index are less clear and warrant future study befo... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519647 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519664&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129885%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsai PH, Liu JJ, Yeh CL, Chiu WC, Yeh SL Abstract There are close links among hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with immunomodulatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of dietary GLN on oxidative stress-relative gene expressions and tissue oxidative damage in diabetes. There were one normal control (NC) and two diabetic groups in the present study. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats in the NC group were fed a regular chow diet. In the two diabetic groups, one group (diabetes mellitus, DM) was fed a common semi-purified diet while the other group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by GLN (DM-GLN). GLN ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519664 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519663&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22129964%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, in shock patients, the imbalance of arginine and ADMA is related to circulatory failure, organ failure and disease severity, and predicts mortality. We propose a pathophysiological mechanism in shock: the imbalance of arginine and ADMA contributes to endothelial and cardiac dysfunction resulting in poor organ perfusion and organ failure, thereby increasing the risk of death. PMID: 22129964 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519663 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5519665&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22117563%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, a high CRF is associated with a higher intake of dairy products and bread/cereals, and a lower consumption of sweetened beverages, regardless of centre, age and BMI. The present findings contribute to the understanding of the relationships between dietary factors and physiological health indicators such as CRF. PMID: 22117563 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5519665 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5519665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448188&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22114792%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Finocchiaro C, Segre O, Fadda M, Monge T, Scigliano M, Schena M, Tinivella M, Tiozzo E, Catalano MG, Pugliese M, Fortunati N, Aragno M, Muzio G, Maggiora M, Oraldi M, Canuto RA Abstract PUFA from fish oil appear to have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects and improve nutritional status in cancer patients. With this as background, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of EPA plus DHA on inflammatory condition, and oxidative and nutritional status in patients with lung cancer. In our multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial, thirty-three patients with a diagnosis of advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and undergoing chemotherapy were divided into two groups, receiving four capsules/d containing 510 mg of EPA and 340 mg of DHA, or... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448188 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448188 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448186&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22115429%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Delisle H, Ntandou-Bouzitou G, Agueh V, Sodjinou R, Fayomi B Abstract A rising prevalence of CVD and diabetes has been observed in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in cities. The aim of the present study conducted in Benin was to examine the mediating role of nutrition transition in the relationship of urbanisation level and socio-economic status (SES) to cardiometabolic risk markers. A total of 541 subjects in apparent good health were randomly selected from the main city of Cotonou, a small town and its surrounding rural areas. SES was assessed based on a proxy for income and on education. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed with at least two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Scores for micronutrient adequacy and preventive diet were used as indicators of die... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448186 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448185&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22115523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dupont C, Chouraqui JP, de Boissieu D, Bocquet A, Bresson JL, Briend A, Darmaun D, Frelut ML, Ghisolfi J, Girardet JP, Goulet O, Hankard R, Rieu D, Vidailhet M, Turck D Abstract The diagnosis of cows' milk protein allergy (CMPA) requires first the suspicion of diagnosis based on symptoms described in the medical history, and, second, the elimination of cows' milk proteins (CMP) from the infant's diet. Without such rigorous analysis, the elimination of CMP is unjustified, and sometimes harmful. The elimination diet should be strictly followed, at least until 9-12 months of age. If the child is not breast fed or the mother cannot or no longer wishes to breast feed, the first choice is an extensively hydrolysed formula (eHF) of CMP, the efficacy of which has been demonstrated... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448185 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448187&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22115395%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Belobrajdic DP, Bird AR, Conlon MA, Williams BA, Kang S, McSweeney CS, Zhang D, Bryden WL, Gidley MJ, Topping DL Abstract Population studies show that greater red and processed meat consumption increases colorectal cancer risk, whereas dietary fibre is protective. In rats, resistant starches (a dietary fibre component) oppose colonocyte DNA strand breaks induced by high red meat diets, consistent with epidemiological data. Protection appears to be through SCFA, particularly butyrate, produced by large bowel carbohydrate fermentation. Arabinoxylans are important wheat fibre components and stimulate large bowel carbohydrate SCFA production. The present study aimed to determine whether an arabinoxylan-rich fraction (AXRF) from wheat protected colonocytes from DNA damage and c... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448187 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448190&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22099384%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrated the impact of PDX on the colonic microbiota and showed some potential for reducing the risk factors that may be associated with colon cancer initiation. PMID: 22099384 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448190 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5448189&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22099425%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, curcumin may be regarded as a natural, safe, widely available and inexpensive treatment for the management of SM-induced chronic pruritus. PMID: 22099425 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5448189 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5448189 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429315&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22093485%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Korpi-Hyövälti E, Schwab U, Laaksonen DE, Linjama H, Heinonen S, Niskanen L Abstract As part of a feasibility study to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we evaluated the effect of an intensive dietary therapy on quality of diet, weight gain and birth weight in women at high risk of GDM. Women with risk factors for GDM (n 54) were randomly assigned from April 2005 to May 2006 to a lifestyle intervention group (n 27) including dietary advice six times during pregnancy or to a close follow-up group (n 27) in a community-based setting in Finland. Dietary intake was recorded three times during pregnancy using 4 d food records. The main outcome was the incidence of GDM. The secondary outcomes were the changes in nutrient intake, weight gain and birth weight. Overal... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429315 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429315 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429314&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22093548%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hiller B, Hocquette JF, Cassar-Malek I, Nuernberg G, Nuernberg K Abstract Gene expression profiles of bovine longissimus muscle as affected by dietary n-3 v. n-6 fatty acid (FA) intervention were analysed by microarray pre-screening of >3000 muscle biology/meat quality-related genes as well as subsequent quantitative RT-PCR gene expression validation of genes encoding lipogenesis-related transcription factors (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1), key-lipogenic enzymes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)), lipid storage-associated proteins (adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP)) and muscle biology-related proteins (cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, Î... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429314 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429317&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22088277%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ferrarini L, Pellegrini N, Mazzeo T, Miglio C, Galati S, Milano F, Rossi C, Buschini A Abstract Epidemiological evidence shows that regular consumption of Brassicaceae is associated with a reduced risk of cancer and heart disease. Cruciferous species are usually processed before eating and the real impact of cooking practices on their bioactive properties is not fully understood. We have evaluated the effect of common cooking practices (boiling, microwaving, and steaming) on the biological activities of broccoli, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts. Anti-proliferative and chemoprotective effects towards DNA oxidative damage of fresh and cooked vegetable extracts were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium and Come... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429317 Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429321&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085616%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mueller K, Blum NM, Kluge H, Mueller AS Abstract The aim of our present study was to examine the regulation of xenobiotic- and antioxidant enzymes by phytogenic feed additives in the intestine and the liver of broilers. A total of 240 male Ross-308 broiler chickens (1 d old) were fed a commercial starter diet for 2 weeks. On day 15, the birds were assigned to six treatment groups of forty birds each. The control (Con) group was fed a diet without any additive for 3 weeks. The diet of group sulforaphane (SFN) contained broccoli extract providing 0·075 g/kg SFN, whereas the diets of the other four groups contained 0·15 g/kg essential oils from turmeric (Cuo), oregano (Oo), thyme and rosemary (Ro). Weight gain and feed conversion were slightly impaired by Cuo and Oo. In ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429321 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429321 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429320&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085624%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Crescenzo R, Bianco F, Falcone I, Coppola P, Dulloo AG, Liverini G, Iossa S Abstract The present study investigated the effect of 2 weeks of energy restriction on whole body, liver and skeletal muscle energy handling. We measured whole-body oxygen consumption, as well as mitochondrial protein mass, respiratory capacity and energetic coupling in liver and skeletal muscle from food-restricted (FR) rats, age- and weight-matched controls. We also assessed markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defences. The present results show that, in response to energy restriction, an adaptive decrease in whole-body energy expenditure is coupled with structural and functional changes in mitochondrial compartment, both in liver and skeletal muscle. In fact, liver mitochondrial mass per ... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429320 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429320 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429319&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085650%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Beloshapka AN, Wolff AK, Swanson KS Abstract Polydextrose is a potential prebiotic, but has not been well tested in dogs. Thus, the objective of the present study was to determine the effects of polydextrose on faecal characteristics, microbial populations and fermentative end products in healthy adult dogs. A total of eight adult hound dogs (3·5 (sem 0·5) years; 20 (sem 0·5) kg) were randomly allotted to one of four test diets containing the following concentrations of polydextrose: (1) 0 % (control); (2) 0·5 %; (3) 1·0 %; or (4) 1·5 %. A Latin square design was used, with each treatment period lasting 14 d (days 0-10 adaptation; days 11-14 fresh and total faecal collection). All dogs were fed to maintain body weight. Data were evaluated for linear and quadrat... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429319 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429318&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085676%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanchez-Gonzalez C, Bermudez-Peña C, Guerrero-Romero F, Trenzado CE, Montes-Bayon M, Sanz-Medel A, Llopis J Abstract The role of V as a micronutrient, and its hypoglycaemic and toxicological activity, have yet to be completely established. The present study focuses on changes in the bioavailability and tissue distribution of Se in diabetic streptozotocin rats following treatment with V. The following four study groups were examined: control; diabetic (DM); diabetic treated with 1 mg V/d (DMV); diabetic treated with 3 mg V/d (DMVH). V was supplied in the drinking water as bis(maltolato)oxovanadium (IV). The experiment had a duration of 5 weeks. Se was measured in food, faeces, urine, serum, muscle, kidney, liver and spleen. Glucose and insulin serum were studied, togethe... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429318 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429316&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22088365%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, percentage body fat and visceral fat mass were positively associated with ID in both sexes of preadolescents. These associations might be attributed to the chronic inflammation induced by excess adiposity. PMID: 22088365 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429316 Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429316 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429324&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22082585%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we showed that Algerian argan oil is able to positively modulate some surrogate markers of CVD, through mechanisms which warrant further investigation. PMID: 22082585 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429324 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429323&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22082613%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Xie S, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Shi K, Shi Y, Ma X Abstract In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of soya oligosaccharides (SOS) and soya oligopeptides (SOP) on blood lipid levels, release of vasoactive substances, antioxidant activity and faecal bile acid (FBA) excretion in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were evenly divided into five groups according to diets as follows: regular diet (control), HFD, HFD enriched with 2 % of SOS (SOS), HFD enriched with 3 % of SOP (SOP) and HFD enriched with 2 % SOS and 3 % SOP (SOSP). The results showed that SOS and SOP significantly reduced plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and TAG, whereas HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly increased. Furthermore, SOS and SOP reduced plasma apoB,... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429323 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429323 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429322&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22085595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Camargo A, Delgado-Lista J, Garcia-Rios A, Cruz-Teno C, Yubero-Serrano EM, Perez-Martinez P, Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Lora-Aguilar P, Rodriguez-Cantalejo F, Fuentes-Jimenez F, Tinahones FJ, Malagon MM, Perez-Jimenez F, Lopez-Miranda J Abstract Ageing is an important determinant of atherosclerosis development rate, mainly by the creation of a chronic low-grade inflammation. Diet, and particularly its fat content, modulates the inflammatory response in the fasting and postprandial states. Our aim was to study the effects of dietary fat on the expression of genes related to inflammation (NF-κB, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and IL-6) and plaque stability (matrix metalloproteinase 9, MMP-9) during the postprandial state of twenty healthy, elderly people who... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429322 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429322 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429325&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22079177%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, compared to the control formula, the experimental formula guaranteed a similar growth, was better tolerated at 1 month and had a protective effect against the development of atopic dermatitis. PMID: 22079177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429325 Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429325 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429332&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067612%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jones ML, Martoni CJ, Parent M, Prakash S Abstract Several studies have reported limited or no reduction in serum cholesterol in response to probiotic formulations. Recently, probiotics have shown promise in treating metabolic disease due to improved strain selection and delivery technologies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a yoghurt formulation containing microencapsulated bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-active Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242, taken twice per d over 6 weeks, in hypercholesterolaemic adults. A total of 114 subjects completed this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, parallel-arm, multi-centre study. This interventional study included a 2-week washout, 2-week run-in and 6-week treatment period. Subject... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429332 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429331&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067670%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, curcumin mixed into yoghurt at the highest dose tested exhibited anti-diabetic activity, improving significantly most of the markers assessed in this study. PMID: 22067670 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429331 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429331 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429330&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067725%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, BBP exerts its anti-proliferative effect on prostate cancer cells by modulating the expression and phosphorylation of multiple regulatory proteins essential for cell proliferation. PMID: 22067725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429330 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429329&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067847%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McLennan PL, Abeywardena MY, Dallimore JA, Raederstorff D Abstract Regular fish or fish oil intake is associated with a low incidence of heart failure clinically, and fish oil-induced reduction in cardiac remodelling seen in hypertrophy models may contribute. We investigated whether improved cardiac energy efficiency in non-hypertrophied hearts translates into attenuation of cardiac dysfunction in hypertrophied hearts. Male Wistar rats (n 33) at 8 weeks of age were sham-operated or subjected to abdominal aortic stenosis to produce pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy. Starting 3 weeks post-operatively to follow initiation of hypertrophy, rats were fed a diet containing 10 % olive oil (control) or 5 % fish oil (ROPUFA® 30 (17 % EPA, 10 % DHA))+5 % olive oil (FO diet)... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429329 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429328&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22067943%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nwaru BI, Erkkola M, Lumia M, Kronberg-Kippilä C, Ahonen S, Kaila M, Ilonen J, Simell O, Knip M, Veijola R, Virtanen SM Abstract Fatty acids (FA) are known to have a number of immunological effects and, accordingly, may play a role in the development of allergic diseases. We investigated the effect of maternal intake of FA during pregnancy on the risk of allergic rhinitis, wheeze and atopic eczema in children aged 5 years. The present study analysed data from the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Nutrition Study, a population-based birth cohort study with a 5-year follow-up. Complete information on maternal diet (assessed by a validated FFQ) and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood-based allergic outcomes was available for 2441 children... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429328 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429328 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429327&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22068016%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zunino SJ, Parelman MA, Freytag TL, Stephensen CB, Kelley DS, Mackey BE, Woodhouse LR, Bonnel EL Abstract Obesity is a strong risk factor for the development of CVD, hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The overall goal of the present pilot study was to feed strawberries, in the form of freeze-dried powder, to obese subjects to determine whether dietary strawberries beneficially altered lipid profiles and reduced blood markers of inflammation compared with a control intervention. A total of twenty healthy subjects (thirteen females and seven males) aged between 20 and 50 years with a BMI between 30 and 40 kg/m2 completed the present 7-week double-blind, randomised, cross-over trial. Each subject received a prepared diet 7 d/week for 7 weeks consisting of approximately 35 %... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429327 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429327 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429326&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22070983%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we reinforced that early weaning leads to late development of some components of the metabolic syndrome and leptin resistance. Dietary Ca supplementation seems to protect against the development of endocrine and metabolic disorders in EW offspring, maybe through vitamin D inhibition. PMID: 22070983 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429326 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429334&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22059589%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mitsumori M, Shinkai T, Takenaka A, Enishi O, Higuchi K, Kobayashi Y, Nonaka I, Asanuma N, Denman SE, McSweeney CS Abstract The effects of the anti-methanogenic compound, bromochloromethane (BCM), on rumen microbial fermentation and ecology were examined in vivo. Japanese goats were fed a diet of 50 % Timothy grass and 50 % concentrate and then sequentially adapted to low, mid and high doses of BCM. The goats were placed into the respiration chambers for analysis of rumen microbial function and methane and H2 production. The levels of methane production were reduced by 5, 71 and 91 %, and H2 production was estimated at 545, 2941 and 3496 mmol/head per d, in response to low, mid and high doses of BCM, respectively, with no effect on maintenance feed intake and digestibi... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429334 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5429333&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22059639%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between TFA intake from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO), partially hydrogenated fish oils (PHFO) and ruminant fat (rTFA) and risks of death of CVD, CHD, cerebrovascular diseases and sudden death in the Norwegian Counties Study, a population-based cohort study. Between 1974 and 1988, participants were examined for up to three times. Fat intake was assessed with a semi-quantitative FFQ. A total of 71 464 men and women were followed up through 2007. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI were estimated with Cox regression. Energy from TFA was compared to energy from all other sources, carbohydrates or unsaturated cis-fatty acids with different multivariable models. During follow-up, 3870 subjects died of CVD, 2383 of CH... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5429333 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5429333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384737&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22054023%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zamora-Ros R, Knaze V, González CA PMID: 22054023 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384737 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5384737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384735&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22054064%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dong H, Rowland I, Yaqoob P Abstract There is considerable interest in the strain specificity of immune modulation by probiotics. The present study compared the immunomodulatory properties of six probiotic strains of different species and two genera in a human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) model in vitro. Live cells of lactobacilli (Lactobacillus casei Shirota, L. rhamnosus GG, L. plantarum NCIMB 8826 and L. reuteri NCIMB 11951) and bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3 and B. bifidum MF 20/5) were individually incubated with PBMC from seven healthy subjects for 24 h. Probiotic strains increased the proportion of CD69+ on lymphocytes, T cells, T cell subsets and natural killer (NK) cells, and increased the proportion of CD25+, mainly on lymphocytes and... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384735 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5384735 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384734&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22054112%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective was to determine the effects of an ad libitum pulse meal on food intake (FI), appetite and blood glucose (BG) before and after a test meal (4 h later) and on FI at the test meal. Males (n 24, 22·8 kg/m2) received one of four treatments or control. The pulse treatments contained pasta and tomato sauce and 44 % of energy from: (1) chickpeas, (2) lentils, (3) navy beans or (4) yellow peas. The control was pasta and tomato sauce (pasta and sauce). FI (satiation) was measured at the treatment meal (0-20 min) and at an ad libitum pizza meal 4 h later. BG and appetite were measured from 0 to 340 min. At the treatment meal, lentils led to lower FI compared to chickpeas and pasta and sauce, whereas navy beans led to lower FI compared to chickpeas. Also, lentils led to lower cum... The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384734 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5384734 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5384733&cid=s_37639_28_f&fid=37639&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22054173%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, dietary iodine intake could still be improved in Flemish preschoolers. The use of adequately iodised household salt and the more generalised use of iodised salt by bakers should be further encouraged. PMID: 22054173 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition) The British Journal of Nutrition journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5384733 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5384733