MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 03:37:55 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5661509&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F88546410r2446k8m%2F Abstract  In patients with a patent foramen ovale, use of air filters during intravenous infusions is common, but they are not compatible with power injection. Therefore we aimed to assess the incidence of paradoxical air embolism on CT of the chest and brain following contrast material injection through a power injector in patients with a patent foramen ovale, without the use of a filter. In this IRB approved, HIPAA compliant retrospective study, two independent radiologists reviewed 289 CT scans of the chest (n = 233) and brain (n = 56) for vascular air embolism following contrast material injection through a power injector in 93 subjects (43 men, mean age 66 y) with a known patent foramen ovale. The location and amount of the air were assessed. The me... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5661509 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:16:47 +0100 5661509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5661510&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp033p434m61x63n8%2F Abstract  A novel method to assess left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony using three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and semi-automated border detection was investigated, which might be superior in prediction of response to cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) compared to traditional measures that rely solely on segmental time-to-contraction. Twenty-eight heart failure patients underwent real-time 3DE before CRT and at 6–12 months follow-up. Analysis of 3DE was performed using TomTec Research-Arena software featuring semi-automated endocardial border detection. The following echocardiographic parameters were calculated in a 16-segment model: areas under segmental time-volume-curves (STV); delay between contraction of the earliest and latest segment (L-E... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5661510 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:16:45 +0100 5661510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5651958&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy880324244531325%2F Abstract  We examine volumetric CT perfusion in soft tissues of the entire foot with an en bloc technique to provide a meaningful measure of differentiation between mild and major vascular impairment. With Institutional Review Board approval, 22 healthy male subjects between the ages of 21 and 50 (mean 37) were enrolled. Volumetric computed tomography using an en bloc technique was conducted on 14 subjects for validation while unilateral vascular obstruction was simulated in the calves of the remaining 8 subjects. Perfusion estimates were made using in-house software and differences in perfusion estimates between feet were evaluated with Student’s t-test at 95% confidence. Subjects with simulated major vascular obstruction (calf blood pressure cuff inflated to 200 mmHg... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5651958 Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:55:50 +0100 5651958 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5640098&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe06601263533543j%2F Abstract  Multidetector computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides information on plaque extent and stenosis in the coronary wall. More accurate lesion assessment may be feasible with CTA as compared to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Accordingly, lesion length assessment was compared between ICA and CTA in patients referred for CTA who underwent subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). 89 patients clinically referred for CTA were subsequently referred for ICA and PCI. On CTA, lesion length was measured from the proximal to the distal shoulder of the plaque. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed to analyze lesion length. Stent length was recorded for each lesion. In total, 119 lesions were retrospectively identified. Mean lesion length o... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5640098 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:32:54 +0100 5640098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621913&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5127u024lu423t6x%2F This study sought to compare lumen dimensions as assessed by 3D quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to assess the association of the discrepancy with vessel curvature. Coronary lumen dimensions often show discrepancies when assessed by X-ray angiography and by IVUS or OCT. One source of error concerns a possible mismatch in the selection of corresponding regions for the comparison. Therefore, we developed a novel, real-time co-registration approach to guarantee the point-to-point correspondence between the X-ray, IVUS and OCT images. A total of 74 patients with indication for cardiac catheterization were retrospectively included. Lumen morphometry was performed by 3D QCA and IVUS or OCT. For quantit... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621913 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:07:36 +0100 5621913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621912&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm6284700h131m038%2F Abstract  To evaluate remote myocardial function after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and the impact of infarct size (IS) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). 161 patients and 15 controls underwent CMR at 1st week and 6th month after STEMI. Using the 17-segments model, segments were categorized into infarcted, adjacent and remote myocardium. Relative systolic wall thickening (SWT, %) was assessed using the centerline method. IS (% of left ventricular mass) was determined in late enhancement imaging. Overall, in remote myocardium, SWT was comparable (83 ± 32) to controls (77 ± 25, P = .5) and did not increase significantly (P = .2) at the 6th month (88 ± 35, P = .3 vs. control). When IS was ca... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621912 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:07:36 +0100 5621912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600447&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F60j2n27793518327%2F This study was designed to elucidate whether any macroscopic heart abnormality is detectable in patients with BrS. For this purpose we used cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Twenty-nine patients displaying the BrS type-1 ECG pattern and 29 healthy controls underwent CMR (1.5 Tesla). Left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) dimensions, function and regional contractility were evaluated. Late-gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) imaging was obtained in 24 patients. We found no difference between BrS patients and controls regarding LV and RV dimensions and ejection fraction. RV wall motion abnormalities (WMA) were detected in 19 patients (65.5%) and in 22 control subjects (75.9%). The majority of these WMA were attributable to areas of hypokinesia and found in the RV inferior wall. None of the pat... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600447 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 17:17:44 +0100 5600447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5600448&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm41011748884x1t7%2F Abstract  To assess in a multicenter design the between-center reproducibility of volumetric virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) measurements with a semi-automated, computer-assisted contour detection system in coronary lesions that were consecutively stented. To evaluate the reproducibility of volumetric VH-IVUS measurements, experienced analysts of 4 European IVUS centers performed independent analyses (in total 8,052 cross-sectional analyses) to obtain volumetric data of 40 coronary segments (length 20.0 ± 0.3 mm) from target lesions prior to percutaneous intervention that were performed in the setting of stable (65%) or unstable angina pectoris (35%). Geometric and compositional VH-IVUS measurements were highly correlated for the differen... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5600448 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 17:17:42 +0100 5600448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586633&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv730n72341v75j88%2F This article provides an overview of the pathological and clinical aspects of SVAs and discusses in detail the role of advanced imaging modalities in their evaluation. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-14DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-0001-5Authors Edward T. D. Hoey, Department of Radiology, Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Trust, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham, B9 5SS West Midlands, UKGurpreet Singh Gulati, Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaSandeep Singh, Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaRichard W. Watkin, Department of Cardiology, Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Trust, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham, B9 5SS Wes... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586633 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:51:16 +0100 5586633 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586634&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F42524647652440l5%2F Abstract  The goal of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of postmortem multi-computed tomography (MDCT) and MDCT-angiography for sudden cardiac deaths related to ischemic heart disease. Twenty three cases were selected based on clinical history and the results of native MDCT, multiphase post-mortem CT-angiography and conventional autopsy were compared. Radiological examination showed calcification of coronary arteries in 78% of the cases, most of which were not detailed at autopsy. MDCT-angiography allowed better visualization of the coronary arteries than MDCT and permitted the evaluation of stenoses and occlusions. Of the 14 cases of coronary thrombosis detected at conventional autopsy, 11 were visible as stop of perfusion with CT-angiography and three were f... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586634 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:51:15 +0100 5586634 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586636&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp0604632761gj854%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to reveal the temporal and spatial changes of strain parameters during the progression of chronic coronary ischemia. Fourteen pigs received occluder implantation to create gradual ischemia (CI), while six pigs underwent a sham surgery (Control). Six pigs after myocardial infarction were also studied (MI). Strain analysis was performed using a speckle-tracking algorithm. Eleven of the 14 animals with occluder implantation had total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery with collaterals at 1 month (early occlusion group), whereas three pigs had occlusion at 3 months (late occlusion group). Both radial strain (RS) and circumferential strain (CS) of ischemic area deteriorated at 1 month in the early occlusion group a... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586636 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:34:28 +0100 5586636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586635&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy13q74943323310q%2F This study demonstrates that the 2007/2011 AUC are helpful in evaluating practice patterns in a majority of outpatients undergoing TTE. Implementing AUC have a direct clinical impact as A studies are significantly more likely to reveal new and major findings, and more likely to result in a patient care intervention based on the echo findings. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10554-012-0008-6Authors Mohammad Alqarqaz, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USAJayanth Koneru, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USAMeredith Mahan, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USAKarthik Ananthasubramaniam, Department... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586635 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:34:28 +0100 5586635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5586637&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft538k657118741v0%2F Abstract  To evaluate diagnostic value of the PISA-PED and PIOPED II criteria for lung scintigraphy and compare it with CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for the detection of pulmonary embolism (PE). Five hundred and forty-four consecutive patients with suspected PE were enrolled. All patients underwent lung ventilation/perfusion (V/P) scan, chest radiography, and CTPA. Two readers used the PIOPED II criteria, and 2 used the PISA-PED criteria for the interpretation of lung scintigraphy. CTPA scans were interpreted by two experienced radiologists. Lung scintigraphy and CTPA were categorized as PE present, absent or non-diagnostic. PE was present in 321 of 544 patients. Using PIOPED II criteria, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5586637 Sat, 07 Jan 2012 16:56:00 +0100 5586637 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5573666&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb04781486856w3v2%2F This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vascular response assessed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging on clinical outcomes in elderly patients (≥75 years) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for de novo lesions with sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. Repeat coronary angiography with IVUS was performed 1 year after SES-based PCI for de novo lesions in 136 elderly patients (≥75 years) and 427 younger counterparts (<75 years) (219 lesions and 635 lesions, respectively). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR) during 2-year follow-up were recorded. Despite similar angiographic in-stent restenosis and TLR and IVUS-detected incomplete... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5573666 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:07:25 +0100 5573666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5573667&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F25321p358l66h768%2F Abstract  To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of prospective ECG-gating coronary CT angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A search of biomedical databases for English literature was performed to identify studies investigating the diagnostic value of 64- or more slice CT angiography with use of prospective ECG-gating in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value estimates pooled across studies were tested using a fixed effects model. Fourteen studies met selection criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence interval (CI) of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of prospective ECG-gating coronary CT ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5573667 Tue, 03 Jan 2012 06:44:52 +0100 5573667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5554136&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcl8844256g277623%2F Abstract  To investigate the clinical significance of the application of 320-row CT angiography with low-dose prospective ECG-triggered target scanning in children with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), and to compare with the results from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). 22 patients (male 12 cases, female 10 cases, average age: 18 months, range: 14 days–9 years, average weight: 13 kg) received an examination through 320-row CT angiography with low-dose prospective ECG-triggered volume target scan mode and transthoracic echocardiography. The center of phase window for data collection in this study was set to 40% of the R–R interval. Of these, 18 patients received surgery and 4 patients received conventional cardiac angiography (CCA). The d... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5554136 Tue, 27 Dec 2011 16:51:20 +0100 5554136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5554138&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6l6124u5n0450177%2F This study investigated whether edema in the carotid artery wall induced by acute balloon injury could be detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) using a T2-weighted short-tau inversion recovery sequence (T2-STIR). Edema was induced unilaterally by balloon injury in the carotid artery of six pigs. Four to nine days (average six) post injury, the carotid arteries were assessed by T2-STIR and multi-contrast weighted sequences. CMR images were matched to histopathology, validated against Evans blue, and correlated with the amount of fibrinogen in the arterial wall used as an edema marker. T2-STIR images showed that the carotid signal intensity (SI) divided by the sternocleid muscle SI of the injured carotid artery was on average 223% (P = 0.03) higher than that of ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5554138 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 16:45:12 +0100 5554138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5554137&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn2h118x6r66x3815%2F Abstract  Regadenoson (REG) is a A2a receptor selective pharmacologic SPECT imaging agent. Its safety in unselected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma (AM) undergoing SPECT imaging has not been well evaluated. We retrospectively identified 228 patients (COPD n = 126 and AM n = 102, Grp 1) undergoing REG SPECT from Jan to Nov 2009 and compared to 1,142 patients without COPD and AM (control, Grp 2). A standard 400 μg REG bolus was used and gated Tc-99 m tetrofosmin SPECT done. Patient demographics, REG SPECT data, side effects, arrhythmia occurrences, and any exacerbation of COPD or AM leading to treatment, hospitalization or death were evaluated. The side effect profile of Grp 1 was also compared to a historical cohort who un... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5554137 Mon, 26 Dec 2011 16:45:12 +0100 5554137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539948&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp103x71036475312%2F This study was aimed to investigate the use of 1.5-T whole-heart 3D coronary MRA employing a T2-prepared SSFP sequence for assessing epicardial coronary artery vasodilation following exogenous nitrates. Navigator-gated whole-heart 3D coronary MRA was performed before and after sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) in 22 volunteers and a T2-prepared SSFP sequence was used for imaging of coronary arteries without MR contrast agent. Coronary cross-sectional area was measured on pre- and post-NTG images of equivalent coronary segments in the major coronary arteries and whole-heart coronary vasodilation was analyzed quantitatively. Measurements were obtained by two independent investigators. Coronary vasodilation could be observed directly on multiplanar reformatted and three-dimensional volume-... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539948 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:43:49 +0100 5539948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539949&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F79r201660tl84747%2F Abstract  Myocardial perfusion abnormality in the left ventricle is known to be prognostic in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Magnetic resonance imaging and necropsy studies on HCM hearts revealed myocardial lesions predominating in the area of ventricular septum-free wall junction. We assessed perfusion abnormality in this area and correlated it with the prognosis of HCM patients. We performed exercise Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial scintigraphy in 55 patients with nonobstructive HCM. Perfusion abnormalities were semiquantified using a 5-point scoring system in small areas of anterior junctions of basal, mid, and apical short axis views in addition to a conventional 17-segment model. All patients were prospectively followed for sudden death, cardiovascular ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539949 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:43:48 +0100 5539949 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539950&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn241418451580466%2F Abstract  The conventional dobutamine (Dob) stress protocol for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) is long, with frequent adverse effects, and generally requires atropine injection to reach target heart rate. Atropine is usually administered at the end of the protocol, when adverse effects are more frequent. Earlier atropine injection may be useful to shorten the stress protocol and reduce adverse effects. We sought to compare a Dob stress protocol with early atropine injection to a conventional Dob stress protocol in the same patients undergoing MPS. 30 patients underwent Dob-MPS with a conventional protocol (steps of 10, 20, 30 and 40 mcg/kg/min at 3 min intervals, adding atropine to the maximal Dob dose if necessary to achieve 85% of the age-corrected maximal p... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539950 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:43:46 +0100 5539950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5539951&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm46384r7081l38r7%2F Abstract  To assess the image quality and radiation dose of low-dose dual-source CT (DSCT) coronary angiography reconstructed using iterative reconstruction in image space (IRIS), in comparison with routine-dose CT using filtered back projection (FBP). Eighty-one patients underwent low-dose coronary DSCT using IRIS with two protocols: (a)100 kVp and 200 mAs per rotation for body mass index (BMI) < 25 (group I), (b)100 kVp and 320 mAs for BMI ≥ 25 (II). For comparison, two sex-and BMI-matched groups using standard protocols with FBP were selected: (a)100 kVp and 320 mAs for BMI < 25 (III), (b)120 kVp and 320 mAs for BMI ≥ 25 (IV). Image noise, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and modulation transfer function (MTF) 50% were objectiv... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5539951 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:43:44 +0100 5539951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528313&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff97213542jgkh12k%2F Abstract  The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the three-dimensional (3D) quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) system by comparing with that of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) QCA and two-dimensional (2D) QCA. 3D QCA, 2D QCA and IVUS QCA were performed in 45 vessel segments. The obtained values for the branch to branch segment vessel length and the proximal part of the segment vessel’s lumen diameter were measured. Inter-technique agreement was analyzed using paired sample t-test and Bland–Altman analysis. No differences were found in vessel lengths taken by 3D QCA and IVUS QCA (mean difference: 0.29 ± 1.06 mm, P = 0.07). When compared with IVUS QCA, 2D QCA underestimated vessel length (mean difference: −1.78 ± 2.55, P&... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528313 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 16:42:16 +0100 5528313 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528312&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fyp88t11121396825%2F This study is aimed at assessing by intravascular ultrasound virtual histology (VH-IVUS) the effect of statins on coronary bifurcation atherosclerosis in non-culprit vessels. In this non-randomized study, in 48 patients, 51 bifurcation atherosclerotic sites in non-culprit vessels without significant angiographic stenosis, underwent baseline and 12 months follow-up VH-IVUS. Patients received treatment with either simvastatin (20 mg daily, n = 24) or rosuvastatin (10 mg daily, n = 24) for the same period. VH-IVUS analysis of bifurcation lesions included the 5-mm proximal, bifurcation only (side-branch point) and 5-mm distal subsegments. Overall plaque and external elastic membrane volume decreased after 1 year (115.7 ± 35.5 to 106.1&nbs... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528312 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 16:42:16 +0100 5528312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528311&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp830447q33028tv7%2F Abstract  Although in-stent restenosis (ISR) occurs after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation, neointimal tissue characteristics have not been fully investigated. We assessed neointimal tissue components using integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS) after DES and bare-metal stents (BMS) implantation. Fifty-seven consecutive patients with 61 lesions underwent repeated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of ISR (DES: 24 lesions, BMS: 37 lesions). PCI was performed using plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA). Before PCI, we assessed neointimal tissue characteristics using IB-IVUS. Neointima was divided into four categories: category 1 (−11 to −29 dB), category 2 (−29 to −35 dB), category 3 (−35 to −49 dB), an... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528311 Sat, 17 Dec 2011 16:42:16 +0100 5528311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5507895&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr46831731544567w%2F In conclusion, large variabilities in optimal viewing angles existed for all main coronary bifurcations. The anatomy-defined bifurcation optimal viewing angle could not be reached in vivo in roughly half of the cases due to the mechanical constraints of the current X-ray systems. Obtainable bifurcation optimal viewing angle should be provided as an alternative or second best. The bifurcation angles in the left main bifurcation demonstrated the largest variabilities. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9996-xAuthors Shengxian Tu, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsJing Jing, Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5507895 Wed, 14 Dec 2011 16:41:24 +0100 5507895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497355&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F14011u8427383479%2F This study demonstrates that clinical 3 T MRI-systems may reliably be used for non-invasive assessment of LV- and RV-myocardial function in normal and in genetically engineered mice with cardiomyopathies. In addition, this proof of principle study presents first in vivo MRI data of the cardiac phenotype of desmin knock-out mice. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9990-3Authors A. M. Sprinkart, Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, GermanyW. Block, Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, GermanyF. Träber, Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, GermanyR. Meyer, Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497355 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:59 +0100 5497355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497354&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh52264u583q71221%2F In conclusion, the automated method shows high potential for clinical application in the analysis of CE-MRA of carotid arteries. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9988-xAuthors Avan Suinesiaputra, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsPatrick J. H. de Koning, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The NetherlandsElena Zudilova-Seinstra, Section of Computational Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsJohan H. C. Reiber, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leide... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497354 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:59 +0100 5497354 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497356&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqn472w5h46662504%2F Abstract  A novel automated framework for detecting and quantifying viability from agent enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance images is proposed. The framework identifies the pathological tissues based on a joint Markov–Gibbs random field (MGRF) model that accounts for the 1st-order visual appearance of the myocardial wall (in terms of the pixel-wise intensities) and the 2nd-order spatial interactions between pixels. The pathological tissue is quantified based on two metrics: the percentage area in each segment with respect to the total area of the segment, and the trans-wall extent of the pathological tissue. This transmural extent is estimated using point-to-point correspondences based on a Laplace partial differential equation. Transmural extent was validated using a si... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497356 Thu, 08 Dec 2011 18:21:58 +0100 5497356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5489418&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F11j8r45511620277%2F Abstract  There has been a lack of standardized workup guidelines for patients with congenital abnormal origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus (ACAOS). We aimed to evaluate the use of cardiac hybrid imaging using multi-detector row CT (MDCT) for coronary CT angiography (Coronary CTA) and stress-rest myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) for comprehensive diagnosis of symptomatic adult patients with ACAOS. Seventeen symptomatic patients (12 men; 54 ± 13 years) presenting with ACAOS underwent coronary CTA and MPS. Imaging data were analyzed by conventional means, and with additional use of 3D image fusion to allocate stress induced perfusion defects (PD) to their supplying coronary arteries. An anomalous RCA arose from the left anterior sinus in eight ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5489418 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:01:50 +0100 5489418 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5489419&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqh33g4v113717m71%2F This study investigated the efficacy and limitations of CT density for identifying non-calcified lipid-rich plaque compared with histopathological findings. We studied 41 target lesions treated by directional coronary atherectomy in 41 patients with coronary artery disease who had non-calcified plaques detected by 16-slice MDCT before intervention. The lesions were histopathologically classified as lipid-rich or non-lipid-rich plaques, as well as according to the presence or absence of histopathological microcalcification. The mean CT density was determined in 5 regions of interest per slice and compared among the groups. The optimum cut-off value for identifying lipid-rich plaque was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis using histological findings for refer... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5489419 Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:01:49 +0100 5489419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5479382&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl25v161512841321%2F Abstract  The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the prognostic value of negative wall motion (WM) and myocardial perfusion during contrast-dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE), (2) to determine whether WM-myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) had incremental prognostic value over just WM during DSE in patients with chest pain in the emergency room (ER), and (3) to compare the prognostic value of negative DSE-WM, and DSE-WM-MCE to nuclear-myocardial perfusion imaging (N-MPI) in a similar patient population over the same time period. We retrospectively studied 569 patients with real time contrast DSE, and 147 patients underwent N-MPI for evaluation of chest pain. Follow-up for cardiac events was obtained between 12 and 25 months. The cumulative cardiac eve... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5479382 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:42:40 +0100 5479382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5479383&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fug5p1n02301u8013%2F Abstract  Left ventricular (LV) myocardial contrast enhancement can be recorded using 320 multi detector computed tomography (MDCT). We aimed to (1) assess patterns of regional myocardial perfusion at rest and compare them with NH3 positron emission tomography (PET) (2) and to assess the effect of intravenous adenosine infusion on regional myocardial perfusion. To evaluate myocardial perfusion patterns at rest, we scanned 14 healthy subjects with PET and 14 age and gender matched subjects with 320 MDCT. To evaluate the effect of adenosine stress on relative perfusion patterns 14 subjects with near-normal epicardial coronary arteries were studied at rest and during adenosine stress. Relative perfusion was assessed as attenuation density (AD) in 16 segments of the LV, and each... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5479383 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:42:39 +0100 5479383 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5470834&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F0m63wp641m0m7010%2F Abstract  The occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR), is related to the degree of left atrial (LA) myopathy, remodeling and fibrosis, that are responsible of LA electrical inhomogeneity and abnormal conduction velocities. Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has recently enabled the quantification of longitudinal myocardial LA deformation dynamics. Our aim was to investigate by STE the effects of the occurrence of paroxysmal AF on LA myocardial deformation, in a population of patients with asymptomatic chronic MR. We compared two groups of a total of 197 patients with MR: 54 with history of paroxysmal AF and 143 with MR alone. Subgroups were created according to MR degree. Peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) was m... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5470834 Wed, 30 Nov 2011 18:44:09 +0100 5470834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5461066&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx11842430626j5l5%2F In conclusion, we demonstrated that CTA can detect early vessel-wall thickening with preserved luminal size in patients with intermediate/high versus low FRS. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9979-yAuthors Sarah Rinehart, Department of Cardiovascular CT and MRI, Piedmont Heart Institute, 95 Collier Road, Ground Floor, Atlanta, GA 30309, USAZhen Qian, Department of Cardiovascular CT and MRI, Piedmont Heart Institute, 95 Collier Road, Ground Floor, Atlanta, GA 30309, USAGustavo Vazquez, Atlanta Medical Center, 303 Parkway Drive, NE, Atlanta, GA 30312, USAParag H. Joshi, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Carnegie 568, Baltimore, MD 21287, USABen Kirkland, Department of Cardiovascular CT an... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5461066 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 16:51:28 +0100 5461066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5461067&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe7120623004j6774%2F In conclusion, semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI shows higher subendocardial blood flow at rest and reduced subendocardial perfusion reserve compared to the subepicardium. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9982-3Authors Abdulghani Larghat, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre & Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKJohn Biglands, Division of Medical Physics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKNeil Maredia, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre & Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKJohn P. Greenwood, Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre & Leeds Institute of Genetics, He... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5461067 Mon, 28 Nov 2011 16:51:27 +0100 5461067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5461068&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F47q41p3480780067%2F Conclusions Manual editing, software settings and image quality significantly impact on 3D LV volumes and dyssynchrony assessment. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9985-0Authors Denisa Muraru, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Centro Gallucci, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, ItalyLuigi P. Badano, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Centro Gallucci, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, ItalyDavide Ermacora, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Centro Gallucci, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, ItalyGianluca Piccoli, Department of Radiology, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” University Hospital, Piazzale Santa Maria del... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5461068 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 16:47:36 +0100 5461068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5451288&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft027lxj016721413%2F Abstract  Infective endocarditis (IE) is a particular disease which presents with a variety of clinical, aetiological forms and is lethal if not aggressively treated with antibiotics alone or in combination with surgery. This review tries to analyse the possible role of F18-FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis of IE based on the state of art in literature. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9984-1Authors Francesco Bertagna, Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, ItalyGianluigi Bisleri, Cardiac Surgery, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, ItalyFederica Motta, Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Br... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5451288 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 06:44:40 +0100 5451288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5451289&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu234v61143950nq0%2F In this study, acipimox-enhanced 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) gated-positron emission tomography (PET) was assessed for characterizing and predicting early remodeling in the rat infarct model. Nineteen Wistar rats had surgical occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and 7 were sham-operated. PET was scheduled 48 h and 2 weeks later for quantifying MI area and LV function. Segments with <50% of FDG uptake had histological evidence of MI (74 ± 9% decrease in parietal thickness, fibrosis development). At 48 h, MI area was large (>35% of LV) in 6 rats, moderate (15–35% of LV) in 8 rats, limited (<15% of LV) in 5 rats and absent in the 7 sham rats. LV remodeling, assessed through the 2 weeks increase in end-diastolic volume, increased between r... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5451289 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:53:09 +0100 5451289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5444079&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx4uj73424pw11622%2F Abstract  We aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of noncalcified coronary plaques (NCP) using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and analyze predictors of significant coronary stenosis by NCP in asymptomatic subjects with low coronary artery calcium score (CACS). The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and all patients gave written, informed consent. The presence of plaque, severity of stenosis, plaque characteristics, and CACS were assessed in 7,515 asymptomatic subjects. We evaluated the prevalence and severity of NCP in subjects having low CACS (707 subjects; men with CACS from 1 to 50 and women from 1 to 10) in comparison to those having 0 CACS (6,040 subjects) as the reference standard. Conventional risk factors were assessed for predi... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5444079 Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:36:43 +0100 5444079 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5444080&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv3464g12r7182014%2F We examined the 12 month IVUS-VH changes in composition of the plaque behind the struts (PBS) following the implantation of the ABSORB scaffold. Using IVUS-VH and dedicated software, the composition of the PBS was analyzed in all patients from the ABSORB Cohort B2 trial, who were imaged with a commercially available IVUS-VH console (s5i system, Volcano Corporation, Rancho Cordova, CA, USA), immediately post-ABSORB implantation and at 12 month follow-up. Paired IVUS-VH data, recorded with s5i system, were available in 17 patients (18 lesions). The analysis demonstrated an increase in mean PBS area (2.39 ± 1.85 mm2 vs. 2.76 ± 1.79 mm2, P = 0.078) and a reduction in the mean lumen area (6.37 ± 0.90 mm2 vs. 5.98 ±&n... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5444080 Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:57:41 +0100 5444080 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433922&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F616418363n331274%2F Abstract  Computed tomography (CT) detection of coronary calcium has become a popular technique for assessing coronary atherosclerosis. Whether CT detection of carotid calcium could similarly assess carotid atherosclerosis is unknown. We thus performed a study evaluating the feasibility of carotid calcium scoring by CT. We also looked for an association between carotid calcium and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Subjects (n = 876) underwent non-contrast CT scanning of their carotid arteries. Carotid calcium was quantified by the Agatston method. Stenoses were detected by subsequent CT angiography. Significant subclinical atherosclerosis was defined by the presence of a ≥30% carotid stenosis. The frequency of a ≥30% carotid stenosis was then analyzed as a f... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433922 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:54:39 +0100 5433922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433923&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F62788p7177130017%2F We report a patient with Kirschner wire (K-wire) migration from the right pelvic cavity, a previous fracture site, into the right ventricle of the heart. K-wire migration was initially detected by simple chest radiography. The origin of the foreign body was initially unclear. Cardiac CT angiography with volume-rendered imaging helped to locate the migrating K-wire in the heart; a pelvic scan showed another K-wire in the right pelvic bone. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9977-0Authors Sun-Young Park, Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 86 Asanbyeongwon-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 KoreaJoon-Won Kang, Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Unive... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433923 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 17:32:56 +0100 5433923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412605&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl05pp8kv05k32523%2F Abstract  Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows identification of stress-induced ischemia and myocardial viability in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. We assessed the left ventricular (LV) functional response to vasodilator stress in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing pharmacologic stress (PET) perfusion and metabolic imaging. Additionally, we aimed to determine if mitral regurgitation (MR), right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and diastolic function influenced the observed LV responses to pharmacologic stress. In 161 patients (81% men; 65 ± 13 years), PET and echocardiography were performed within a week for noninvasive evaluation of myocardial ischemia and viability (scored using 17-segment model), as well as ventricu... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412605 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:56:27 +0100 5412605 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412607&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl0w5384m553n3116%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory PrefacePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9972-5Authors Sachio Kuribayashi, Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412607 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 17:52:03 +0100 5412607 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5412606&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd58j74w3p52656n1%2F In conclusion, in vivo pathophysiological differences revealed by CE-MRI assessment include more favorable infarct size, AAR, myocardial salvage and reperfusion injury in patients with NSTEMI compared to those with STEMI undergoing early invasive intervention. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9975-2Authors Jianqiang Xu, Division of Cardiology, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710 Republic of KoreaYoung Bin Song, Division of Cardiology, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710 Republic ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5412606 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 17:52:03 +0100 5412606 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5402393&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fet8442w67g472287%2F Abstract  ASCI has continued to grow over the past 5 years since its establishment in 2006. Recent record shows total membership of 804 from 34 countries and 1,032 attendants from 32 countries at the last annual congress in Hong Kong in 2011. ASCI publishes ASCI Special Issues twice a year in the International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. The Asian CCT and CMR Guideline Working Group of ASCI published guidelines and protocol in the ASCI Special Issue of the International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging in 2010. ASCI launched the [ASCI]2 (Advanced School for Core Investigators from ASCI) Program with the aim to recruit young ASCI members of high potential and train them to become representative scholars of Asia, which was met with much success in 2010 and 2011. AS... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5402393 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 17:12:27 +0100 5402393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5391868&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5742465516121383%2F Abstract  Our aim was to evaluate the plaque characteristics of coronary arteries related to significant stenosis with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and to discuss the diagnostic accuracy of CCTA in patients with high calcium scores. After institutional review board approval, 110 patients (63 men; mean age: 67.1 ± 7.9 years) with Agatston scores >400 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients underwent Agatston calcium scoring and 64-slice CCTA, in addition to invasive coronary angiography (CAG). The composition (calcified, mixed, and non-calcified) and configuration (concentric, eccentric) of coronary artery plaques were analyzed on a per-segment basis by CCTA. We analyzed the differences in plaque composition and configuration between significant (≥50%) ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5391868 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:56:52 +0100 5391868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5368317&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd3p4808g07722173%2F This study uses the k-space center over-sampling property of PROPELLER encoding to detect cardiac and respiratory motion using raw k-space data. Using the motion information, cine cardiac imaging is self-gated. The data acquisition process requires neither electrocardiography triggering nor patient breath-holding. Using physiology motion information, this post-processing method rearranges the k-space data into groups corresponding to cardiac and respiratory phases. The PROPELLER blades of the same groups are combined to produce cine high-resolution images. This approach reduces the potential discrepancy of the k-space data and the motion-related artifacts in the reconstructed image because all blades in a group are acquired at consistent cardiac and respiratory phases. The study conc... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5368317 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:47:52 +0100 5368317 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5368318&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl20q263366102827%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9967-2Authors Pedro A. Lemos, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, & Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, Bloco I, 3º andar, Hemodinâmica, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5368318 Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:47:51 +0100 5368318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5368319&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc04847t6033qm77p%2F Abstract  All cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques aim to create still depictions of a dynamic and ever-adapting organ. Most CMR methods rely on cardiac gating to capture information during fleeting periods of relative cardiac quiescence, at end diastole or end systole, or to acquire partial images throughout the cardiac cycle and average these signals over several heart beats. Since the inception of clinical CMR in the early 1980s, priority has been given to improving methods for image gating. The aim of this work is to provide a basic understanding of the ECG acquisition, demonstrate common ECG-related artifacts and to provide practical methods for overcoming these issues. Meticulous ECG preparation is essential for optimal CMR acquisition and these techniques must... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5368319 Thu, 27 Oct 2011 15:46:38 +0100 5368319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339501&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm3x63hr7822t7645%2F We present a case of isolated unilocular and multivesicular hydatid cysts in the heart, and provide a literature review of this rare condition. A 35-year-old man presented to our cardiology unit with acute chest pain. Computed tomography showed two cystic lesions in the heart. One unilocular cyst was located close to the left atrium and compressed the pulmonary artery. The other multivesicular cyst adhered to the left ventricle and displaced the left coronary arteries. T2-weighted magnetic resonance images revealed lesions in the pericardial cavity with bright signal intensity. Dot immunogold filtration assay was performed, and positive results for anti-EgCF antibody, anti-EgP antibody and anti-EgB antibody for cystic hydatidosis were found. Cardiac hydatidosis was diagnosed because ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339501 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 15:52:31 +0100 5339501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339500&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm12q46418u1657r0%2F Abstract  With the suggestion of coronary artery calcium as an indicator of coronary artery disease 30 years ago, intense and controversial discussion regarding coronary artery calcium has been ongoing. Diverse techniques for evaluation of coronary artery calcium were suggested and validation of its feasibility has been followed up. Following establishment of reference standards, coronary artery calcium became widely utilized in clinical practice and scientific research. Originally coronary artery calcium scoring techniques were developed for prediction of cardiovascular risk. Additionally, coronary artery calcium scoring has been utilized as an indicator for other medical events. Recently, coronary artery calcium scoring used to be applied as a reference standard duri... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339500 Wed, 19 Oct 2011 15:52:31 +0100 5339500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339502&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk37274lu50q78214%2F Abstract  We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (DSCT-CA) in the measurement of the ascending aorta (AA) diameter and compare the AA diameter in patients with severe bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) stenosis. Eighty-eight consecutive patients (50 men, mean age 60.3 ± 13 year) with severe aortic stenosis (AS) underwent DSCT-CA before aortic valve surgery. Seventy-four of the 88 patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The internal diameter of AA was measured from early-systole with DSCT-CA and CMR by 2 radiologists independently at 4 levels (aortic annulus, sinuses of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, and tubular portion at the right pulmonary artery)... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339502 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 15:59:17 +0100 5339502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339503&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2517837858701737%2F Perirenal hematoma in a 7 months old child four days after a cardiac operation Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9966-3Authors Francesco De Sanctis, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, II Faculty of Medicine, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Rome, ItalyMatteo Di Nardo, PICU, Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, ItalyAlessandro Inserra, Pediatric Surgery Department, Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, ItalyZaccaria Ricci, Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia Unit, Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, ItalyMaria Antonietta Barbieri, Emergency Department, Children’s Hospital Bambino Gesù, Palidoro, Rome, ItalyMarco Marano, PICU, Children’s Hospital Bambino Ge... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339503 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 15:59:15 +0100 5339503 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339504&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1340366g74v5361%2F Abstract  Several studies demonstrated feasibility of visual assessment of the common femoral artery Doppler waveform, in an indirect evaluation of aorto-iliac segment stenosis. Patients with cardiac diseases referred for echocardiography often have coexistent arterial pathology. Since many of them are potential candidates for endovascular procedures, we decided to study, whether echocardiography can be useful for detection of aorto-iliac occlusive disease. We evaluated 92 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm or peripheral artery occlusive disease, referred from the vascular surgery department for cardiac evaluation before surgery. At the end of an echocardiographic examination, evaluation of flow in the distal external iliac arteries with an echocardiographic probe was ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339504 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 15:59:14 +0100 5339504 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339507&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8w62150592421ng1%2F Abstract  To evaluate the feasibility of an individually adapted coronary CT protocol based on precontrast attenuation values using different kVp and tube current settings. All images were acquired on a 64-slice CT scanner (Sensation 64, Siemens) in 270 consecutive patients. X-ray tube current and kVp settings were defined in 6 groups depending on the noise measurements at the heart level on pre-control unenhanced CT. The contrast medium was 400 mg/ml of iodine given at 1 ml/kg. The duration of injection was at 17 s in all cases, so the flow rate was adapted accordingly. Contrast enhancement and noise were measured from enhanced scans of the aortic root. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) was used as an indicator of image quality. The mean contrast enhancement... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339507 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 05:59:06 +0100 5339507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339506&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq1826653505jr382%2F Abstract  Measurement of left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony from single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) allows optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients. We compared the discriminatory ability and reproducibility of a new software method, Corridor 4DM (4DM) to the established method, Emory Cardiac Toolbox (ECTb) in normals and heart failure patients. LV dyssynchrony was measured in 100 control (Group 1) and 100 patients with LVEF <35% (Group 2) using time to peak thickening with first harmonic, fourth harmonic, and volume curve methods with the 4DM software, and compared to ECTb. Of the 3 4DM methods, first harmonic had the best correlation with the ECTb (R = 0.88, slope... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339506 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 05:59:06 +0100 5339506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5339505&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F102723u127232414%2F Abstract  The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) undergoes vascular remodelling when used for coronary artery bypass grafting. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the extent of the LITA remodelling late after coronary artery bypass grafting assessed by multidetector computed tomography is related to the severity of stenosis in the native coronary vessel. One hundred and forty-two patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting including implantation of LITA as conduit to the left anterior descending artery were studied 5 years after surgery. Arterial graft patency and geometry was assessed with 64-slice multidetector computed tomography. Quantitative volumetric assessment of the LITA was performed to measure the average vessel lumen area (mm2/m2). ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5339505 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 05:59:06 +0100 5339505 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5326518&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx28vx87tq60p21t3%2F Abstract  Multidetector-row CT is promising for prosthetic heart valve (PHV) assessment but retrospectively ECG-gated scanning has a considerable radiation dose. Recently introduced iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms may enable radiation dose reduction with retained image quality. Furthermore, PHV image quality on the CT scan mainly depends on extent of PHV artifacts. IR may decrease streak artifacts. We compared image noise and artifact volumes in scans of mechanical PHVs reconstructed with conventional filtered back projection (FBP) to lower dose scans reconstructed with IR. Four different PHVs (St. Jude, Carbomedics, ON-X and Medtronic Hall) were scanned in a pulsatile in vitro model. Ten retrospectively ECG-gated CT scans were performed of each PHV at 120 kV,... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5326518 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 10:48:32 +0100 5326518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5326519&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe311322t87433653%2F The objectives of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic value of delayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) imaging in differentiating cardiac tumors from thrombi in patients with suspected cardio-embolic stroke. Two radiologists blinded to the study protocol retrospectively evaluated MR images of 22 patients (12 men and 10 women; mean age 59.2 years) that had recently experienced a stroke and undergone CMR. Six cardiac tumors and 16 thrombi were confirmed on surgery or follow-up examinations. On DE-CMR, a tumor was defined as an intracardiac mass showing post-contrast enhancement, and a thrombus was defined as an intracardiac mass showing black signal intensity (SI) without post-contrast enhancement. The mean SI in regions of interest in the normal myoc... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5326519 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 10:48:30 +0100 5326519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5326520&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe055083251117228%2F Abstract  To identify factors that can affect systolic compression of myocardial bridging (MB) of the mid-left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery with dual-source computed tomography (DSCT). Patients with mid-LAD MB (n = 198) detected by DSCT were studied. MB was classified as incomplete superficial (IS), complete superficial (CS), and deep (D) type. The depth and length of the mid-LAD MB segment in diastole, luminal reduction of the tunneled LAD segment in systole, and degree of systolic left ventricular (LV) wall thickening were all analyzed. Correlation between the depth, length, degree of systolic LV wall thickening, and luminal narrowing in the systolic phase was evaluated. Eighty-one (40.9%) MB were IS, 37 (18.7%) were CS, and 80 (40.4%) were D type. S... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5326520 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:48:17 +0100 5326520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5326522&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj625712hgv511771%2F This study attempts to assess the effect of coronary calcium score (CS) on the diagnostic accuracy of detecting coronary artery disease (CAD) using 64-row multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Over a period of 2 years and 9 months, 113 symptomatic patients (37–87 year-old, mean 62.3, 92 males) underwent 64-row MDCT for coronary CS and CTA. All had conventional coronary angiography (CCA) within 90 (mean 9.6) days. Coronary CTA was evaluated with CCA as the gold standard. Of 113 patients, 18 patients had a CS of 0, 18 had scores between 1 and 100, 27 between 101 and 400, and 50 had scores >400. With respect to patient-based analysis, the accuracy of CTA was 90.3%, the sensitivity was 95%, and the specificity was 78.8%. Regarding patients with CS > 4... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5326522 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:44:49 +0100 5326522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5326521&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft7g4668g40057h1g%2F Abstract  Intracoronary optical coherence tomography and optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) have been utilized for two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging of vascular microanatomy. Image quality and the spatial accuracy of multidimensional reconstructions, however, can be degraded due to artifacts resulting from relative motion between the intracoronary catheter and the vessel wall. To track the relative motion of a catheter with regard to the vessel, a motion tracking system was incorporated with a standard OFDI system by using wavelength division multiplexing techniques. Motion of the vessel was acquired by a frequency shift of the backscattered light caused by the Doppler effect. A single monochromatic beam was utilized for tracking the relative longitudinal d... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5326521 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 05:44:49 +0100 5326521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5298853&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff557h3643p87530w%2F Abstract  To evaluate the myocardial area at risk (AAR) measured by the endocardial surface area (ESA) method on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) when applied after scar remodeling (3 months after index infarction) compared to T2-weighted CMR imaging. One hundred and sixty nine patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, underwent one CMR within 1 week after index treatment to determine the AAR with T2-weighted imaging and a second scan 3 months after to measure AAR with the ESA method. There was a moderate correlation between the two methods (r = 0.86; P < 0.001). The AAR was significantly higher measured with T2-weighted imaging than... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5298853 Wed, 05 Oct 2011 05:46:41 +0100 5298853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5298855&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc28r7148xgnx6717%2F Abstract  The A2A receptor agonist, regadenoson, is increasingly used as a vasodilator during nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging. Regadenoson is administered as a single, fixed dose. Given the frequency of obesity in patients with symptoms of heart disease, it is important to know whether the fixed dose of regadenoson produces maximal coronary hyperemia in subjects of widely varying body size. Thirty subjects (12 female, 18 male, mean BMI 30.3 ± 6.5, range 19.6–46.6) were imaged on a 3T magnetic resonance scanner. Imaging with a saturation recovery radial turboFLASH sequence was done first at rest, then during adenosine infusion (140 μg/kg/min) and 30 min later with regadenoson (0.4 mg/5 ml bolus). A 5 cc/s injection of Gd-BOPTA was u... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5298855 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 05:50:53 +0100 5298855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5298854&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1030k375u77542u%2F Abstract  To investigate the effect on coronary arterial attenuations of contrast material flow rate adjusted to a patient’s heart rate during dual source CT coronary angiography (DSCT-CCTA). A total of 296 consecutive patients (mean age: 58.7 years) undergoing DSCT-CCTA without previous coronary stent placement, bypass surgery, congenital or valvular heart disease were included. The image acquisition protocol was standardized (120 kV, 380 mAs) and retrospective electrocardiograph (ECG) gating was used. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups [flow rate: G1: dosage/16, G2: dosage/(scan time +8), G3: fixed flow rate]. The groups were compared with respect to the attenuations of the ascending aorta (AA) above coronary ostia, the left main coronary a... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5298854 Tue, 04 Oct 2011 05:50:53 +0100 5298854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277234&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh78m07223t518h36%2F Abstract  We sought to determine whether correction of mechanical left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony as defined by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is predictive for transplant-free long-term survival in patients (pts.) undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). In 76 CRT recipients TDI curves from the septal, lateral, anterior, and inferior basal LV were obtained at baseline and after 6 ± 4 months. A time difference between regional electromechanical delays (EMD) of ≥40 ms was considered dyssynchronous. At follow-up, pts. were classified as TDI-responders (TDI-R: dyssynchrony at baseline, corrected by CRT) versus non-responders (TDI-NR: either not dyssynchronous at baseline, or persisting dyssynchrony). Pts. were then followed by standard echocar... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277234 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 06:43:59 +0100 5277234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5277233&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft58626w385v231m1%2F Abstract  We sought to analyze the trend of functional recovery after successful reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in an optimally treated patient group over a 14 month follow-up in relation to ischemia-time and the presence of microvascular obstruction (MVO). First-pass perfusion-, cine- and late enhancement (LE)- cardiac MR were performed in 40 patients (33 male and 7 female, 54.8 ± 12.3 years) within 6 days as well as 4 and 14 months after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI. Significant recovery of segmental wall thickening (SWT %) occurred exclusively in infarcted segments reperfused within 4 h after symptom onset (group 1 with pain-to-balloon time <2 h: 59 ± 4 to 70&n... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5277233 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 06:43:59 +0100 5277233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5241697&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1t2447457616r753%2F Abstract  In this case Cardiac CT angiography has been the tool for evaluation of Atrial septal aneurysm. This cardiac malformation is well identified by echocardiographic techniques and cardiac-MRI sequences. Clinical significance due to left atrial dysfunction and increased thrombo-embolic risk has been described independently and in association to cardiac wall defects as patent foramen ovale. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9947-6Authors Carolina Carcano, Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Weston, FL 3331, USAJacobo Kirsch, Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Blvd, Weston, FL 3331, USA Journal The International Journal of Cardiova... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5241697 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 17:06:09 +0100 5241697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5229534&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr60057854k38m085%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of coronary calcium scoring and coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography in assessing the cardiac risk and its temporal characteristics in patients at intermediate pre-test likelihood of coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiac CT was performed in 326 patients at intermediate (15–85%) pre-test likelihood of CAD to evaluate calcium score and presence and severity of the disease. Patients were followed-up for the occurrence of major cardiac events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and unstable angina requiring revascularization). During follow-up (26 ± 12 months) 34 events occurred. Calcium score, extent of CAD, and plaque extent and distribution were higher (all P < 0.00... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5229534 Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:50:29 +0100 5229534 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213262&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbr713112p7644043%2F Abstract  To assess whether a scan triggering technique based on the slope of the time-attenuation curve combined with table speed optimization may improve arterial enhancement in aortic CT angiography compared to conventional threshold-based triggering techniques. Measurements of arterial enhancement were performed in a physiologic flow phantom over a range of simulated cardiac outputs (2.2–8.1 L/min) using contrast media boluses of 80 and 150 mL injected at 4 mL/s. These measurements were used to construct computer models of aortic attenuation in CT angiography, using cardiac output, aortic diameter, and CT table speed as input parameters. In-plane enhancement was calculated for normal and aneurysmal aortic diameters. Calculated arterial enhancement was p... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213262 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 15:49:29 +0100 5213262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198980&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F56q7r6846n7kr021%2F Abstract  Certain coronary anomalies are associated with high risk features. We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in determining high-risk features, particularly intramural segments. Anomalous coronary arteries can be associated with adverse clinical events. Anomalous coronaries that course between the great vessels (interarterial) have been associated with sudden death. High-risk features of interarterial vessels described in the literature include; a slit-like orifice, acute angle of origin, and intramural segments (within the wall of the aorta). Although computed tomography (CT) findings of acute angle and slit like orifice have been described previously no prior evaluations regarding CT identification of an in... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198980 Sat, 03 Sep 2011 06:39:35 +0100 5198980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5187031&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq351j36143m30820%2F This article will review the most common vascular routes used to deliver transcatheter aortic valves, and describe a new technique via the right axillary/subclavian artery approach. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9900-8Authors Vasco da Gama Ribeiro, Centro Hospitalar de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, PortugalLuis Vouga, Centro Hospitalar de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, PortugalAlan Markowitz, Harrington-McLaughlin Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave. LKS 3001, Cleveland, OH 44106-5038, USAHiram G. Bezerra, Harrington-McLaughlin Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave. LKS 3001, Clevela... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5187031 Tue, 30 Aug 2011 15:56:20 +0100 5187031 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5171833&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk4101t208017x29x%2F Abstract  Delayed contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) allows assessment of reversibility of myocardial dysfunction. Comparative data to other modalities is scarce. Purpose of this study was to compare DE-CMR and 201Thallium single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for prediction of reversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease. Fifty-four patients with LV dysfunction (mean ejection fraction (EF) 35 ± 8%) scheduled to undergo myocardial revascularization underwent DE-CMR and SPECT. Cine CMR was performed at baseline and at 8 months follow-up for assessment of regional and global myocardial function. Myocardial viability was determined by the segmental extent of delayed enhanceme... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5171833 Sat, 27 Aug 2011 15:48:42 +0100 5171833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5171834&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fat85233u72h44776%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9940-0Authors Stefan Möhlenkamp, Clinic of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University Clinic Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, GermanyNico Reinsch, Clinic of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University Clinic Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, GermanyRaimund Erbel, Clinic of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University Clinic Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, GermanyTill Neumann, Clinic of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University Clinic Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISS... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5171834 Thu, 25 Aug 2011 15:48:25 +0100 5171834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5165362&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn20174t175304125%2F This study used phase analysis of gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) to evaluate septal activation and LV dyssynchrony in HCM patients pre- and post-ASA. Phase analysis was applied to 28 controls, and 32 HCM patients having rest MPI pre- and post-ASA to assess septal-lateral mechanical activation delay (SLD) and consequent LV dyssynchrony. In addition, phase analysis was applied to another group of 30 patients having serial MPI to measure variability of the LV dyssynchrony parameters on serial studies. ASA significantly reduced SLD and improved LV synchrony in the HCM patients with SLD < 0° due to earlier activation of the lateral wall relative to the septum. Based on the measured variability, 12 HCM patients had significant (Z < −1.65, P&nbsp... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5165362 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 15:51:29 +0100 5165362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5165364&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc5r241014865376x%2F Abstract  Liquefactive necrosis within a large spheroid zone of mitral annular calcification (LNMAC) is an atypical but increasingly recognized variant of mitral annular calcification (MAC). Proposed MRI, echo, and CT imaging criteria for diagnosis of this unusual disease entity are discussed along with a review of the prognosis, histopathology, and management implications. A comprehensive ECHO, CT, and MRI imaging approach to diagnostic differentiation from other cardiac masses, allowing characterization of the differing components of this unusual lesion is emphasized. Differentiation from surrounding myocardium, and demonstration of peripheral ring type hyperenhancement, or hyperintense signal in the wall of this lesion, seen with specific inversion recovery MRI sequences... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5165364 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 15:51:26 +0100 5165364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5165363&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd33200nl17460410%2F Abstract  Minimal data have been published on the correlation between angiographic late loss (LL) and incomplete neointimal coverage of struts after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between angiographic LL and the percentage of uncovered struts on follow-up optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, in all cross-sections of the lesions. From the OCT registry database, 219 lesions without restenosis after DES implantation were divided into tertiles based on angiographic LL: tertile I (LL ≤ 0.26 mm), tertile II (0.26 < LL < 0.59 mm), and tertile III (≥0.59 mm). Lesions with the percentage of uncovered struts in the highest quartile (≥75th percentile; >6.0%) were defined a... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5165363 Tue, 23 Aug 2011 15:51:26 +0100 5165363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150006&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc1v777kh841t48w0%2F Abstract  Purpose is to evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver variability of the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET), European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) and Common Carotid (CC) methods, which are used to measure the degree of ICA stenosis, using 64-slice CT angiography and to compare the measurements made by these three methods. 88 cases (111 carotid arteries) were included in the study. Carotid CTA was performed by a 64 slice scanner (Toshiba, Aqullion 64).Two radiologists measured the degree of carotid stenosis by using NASCET, ECST and CC methods. Intraobserver and interobserver variability of each method was determined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland–Altman plots and kappa and linear weighted kappa statistics. ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150006 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 15:51:03 +0100 5150006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150005&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fcg7811541234g8m1%2F This study investigated OCT findings in ZES-R implantation and compared them to those in sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. A total of 123 lesions (43 ZES-R and 80 SES) in 111 patients were evaluated with OCT at 9 months after stent implantation. Strut apposition, neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) thickness, and stent coverage on each stent strut were evaluated. Mean NIH thickness was significantly greater in ZES-R-treated lesions than in SES-treated lesions (166 ± 73 μm vs. 96 ± 63 μm, respectively, P < 0.001). The percentage of uncovered strut was significantly lower in ZES-R-treated lesions than in SES-treated lesions (4.4 ± 4.8% vs. 10.3 ± 13.2%, respectively, P = 0.05). The percentage of malap... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150005 Sat, 20 Aug 2011 15:51:03 +0100 5150005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150007&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbn14u7k85p128113%2F Abstract  In 2010 the International Atomic Energy Agency launched the “3 A’s campaign”: Audit, Appropriateness and Awareness for radiological justification, which is an effective tool for cancer prevention. Cardiologists prescribe the majority of radiological testing, but their awareness of doses and risks of ionizing cardiac imaging test is low. To assess radioprotection awareness of prescribing and practicing physicians (mainly cardiologists) before and after a radioprotection course. We held a 1-day 6-h primer of radioprotection for a limited number (20–35) of physicians. The course offered 8 continuing education credits from the Italian Health Ministry and was held 9 times over 3 years. We had 425 attendees, but full data sets (with complete questionnaires) ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150007 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 05:59:26 +0100 5150007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150008&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa30528x46q4510ug%2F Abstract  Diabetes mellitus has been associated with changes in the structure and function of the myocardium manifesting in the early stages of the disease as subtle systolic and diastolic dysfunction; the role of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in this setting remains unclear. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of dobutamine-induced systolic dysfunction amongst diabetic patients with normal at rest left ventricular ejection fraction and no coronary artery disease and to investigate whether an optimized therapeutic approach can reverse these abnormalities. 1,363 patients with DM referred to our echocardiography laboratory for DSE between January 2008 and June 2010 were prospectively investigated. Patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at r... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150008 Thu, 18 Aug 2011 05:59:25 +0100 5150008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150010&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh4544w76613636q8%2F Abstract  Measurement of left atrial (LA) maximal volume (LAmax) using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) provides prognostic information in several cardiac diseases. However, the relationship between LAmax and LA function is poorly understood and TTE is less well suited for measuring dynamic LA volume changes. Conversely, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) appears more appropriate for such measures. We sought to determine the relationship between LA size assessed with TTE and LA size and function assessed with CMR and MSCT. Fifty-four patients were examined 3 months post myocardial infarction with echocardiography, CMR and MSCT. Left atrial volumes and LA reservoir function were assessed by TTE. LA time... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150010 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 05:55:22 +0100 5150010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5150009&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr1g7v32784515630%2F This study shows that in real-life datasets our 3DSE method provides global and regional εLL and εCC values that are comparable with the ones obtained from 2DST, even though they are not interchangeable with each other. As only a single acquisition is required, 3D methods may offer advantages over the current 2D techniques. However, the accuracy of the 3DSE can still be improved by solving the problems that appear with deformation estimation in the basal segments. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original paperPages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9934-yAuthors Ruta Jasaityte, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging and Dynamics, Catholic University of Leuven, U. Z. Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49 bus 7003, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumBrecht Heyde, Departme... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5150009 Wed, 17 Aug 2011 05:55:22 +0100 5150009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5127918&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh17w12m53p169222%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter Atrial septal defect (ASD) closure guided by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Since 2004, ASD closure was performed successfully in total 337 patients. Transthoracic echocardiography guidance was used in 206 patients (61.1%) (group 1). Closure was guided by transesophageal echocardiography under general anesthesia in patients with poor transthoracic acoustic windows, defects with aneurysmatic septum and/or multiple defects in 131 patients (38.9%) (group 2). The median age (9 vs. 16 years, P < 0.001), mean defect diameter (14.9 ± 4 vs. 17.2 ± 5 mm, P < 0.001), ratio of complex atrial septal defect (14 vs. 34%, P =&nbsp... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5127918 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:02:02 +0100 5127918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5127919&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg49l4l4u82x0758p%2F Abstract  The correlation between formal coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) determined by multi-detector CT (MDCT) and the presence of coronary calcium on standard non-gated CT chest examinations was evaluated. In 163 consecutive healthy participants, we performed screening same-day standard non-gated, non-enhanced CT chest exams followed by high-resolution, ECG-synchronized MDCT exams for CACS. For the standard CT examinations, a scoring system (Weston score, range 0–12) was developed assigning a score (0–3) for each coronary vessel including the left main trunk. Overall, 30% and 39% of patients had CAC on standard CT and MDCT exams, respectively (P = 0.13). CAC on standard CT was highly correlated to the Agatston CACS on the MDCT (Spearman correlation coe... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5127919 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 06:02:01 +0100 5127919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5112872&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh102246064414250%2F Abstract  Ebstein’s anomaly (EA) is primarily diagnosed by echocardiography. The purpose of this study was to compare echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in EA. Data from cardiac MRI and echocardiography were prospectively collected from 16 patients with EA. Imaging data also were compared with intraoperative findings. Information provided by MRI and echocardiography were comparable for left ventricular size and function, tricuspid valve repairability, qualitative assessment of right-sided cavities, and visibility of septal and anterior tricuspid valve leaflets. The posterior tricuspid valve leaflet and tricuspid valve fenestrations were better visualized with MRI; associated heart defects were equally recognized, apart from small shunts that tended to b... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5112872 Sat, 06 Aug 2011 06:00:05 +0100 5112872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5104346&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F00638121846320l7%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to make an intuitive visualization of intraventricular convection (IC) and quantification of intraventricular convection velocity (ICV) in acute ischemic left ventricular (LV) failure of open-chest canines during early diastole contrast to the baseline conditions using color Doppler-based echocardiographic vector flow mapping (VFM). The animal care committee approved this prospective study. In 6 anesthetized open-chest beagle models, the emergence time and the emergence sites of IC in the LV cavity during early diastole were visualized at the standard apical 3-chamber (AP3c) views with the VFM at baseline conditions and after coronary artery ligation. The global ICV and the ICV at the basal, middle and apical levels of LV at the AP3c view... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5104346 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 15:23:06 +0100 5104346 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082552&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc26k0005600613uh%2F Abstract  The diagnostic evaluation of patients with isolated left bundle branch block (LBBB) is challenging due to limitations of several non-invasive tests. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in asymptomatic patients with LBBB. Sixty-one asymptomatic patients with complete LBBB who were referred for CMR from January 2005 to November 2010 were identified. 29 patients (18 men) had normal echocardiograms (echo) whereas 25 (18 men) had abnormal findings on echo. Six had no echo and one had poor echo windows, and these patients were excluded from further analysis. Patients with cardiac symptoms or known coronary artery disease at the time of referral were also excluded. Of the 29 patients with normal echo, 9 (31%) were found... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082552 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 15:52:23 +0100 5082552 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082551&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flk76261285577752%2F Abstract  Increased aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) results from loss of arterial compliance and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Applanation tonometry (AT) is the most frequently applied method to assess PWV and deduce aortic compliance. The goal of this study was to compare the reproducibility of PWV measurements obtained with: (1) cross-correlation analysis of phase contrast magnetic resonance (PCMR) velocity data, and (2) applanation tonometry (AT). PWV was measured twice with each modality in 13 normal young volunteers (controls) and 9 older patients who had undergone a CT exam to evaluate coronary artery calcium. The coefficient of variation (CoV) between measurements was computed for each modality. There was no significant difference in PWV values obtained w... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082551 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 15:52:23 +0100 5082551 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082553&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F83239u1056838777%2F Abstract  We validated a CT Perfusion technique with beam hardening (BH) correction for quantitative measurement of myocardial blood flow (MBF). Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was created in four pigs by occluding the distal LAD for 1 h followed by reperfusion. MBF was measured from dynamic contrast enhanced CT (DCE-CT) scanning of the heart, with correction of cardiac motion and BH, before ischemic insult and on day 7, 10 and 14 post. On day 14 post, radiolabeled microspheres were injected to measure MBF and the results were compared with those measured by CT Perfusion. Excised hearts were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) to determine the relationship between MBF measured by CT Perfusion and myocardial viability. MBF measured by CT Perfusion w... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082553 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 15:55:31 +0100 5082553 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082554&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb3r64322872263u0%2F Abstract  Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is described as the persistence of trabeculated myocardium in the left ventricle (LV) and is optimally assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Right ventricular (RV) involvement in LVNC remains poorly studied. Consecutive patients (N = 14) diagnosed with LVNC by CMR were studied. Their clinical data were analyzed. In addition, CMR assessment included quantification of LV and RV volumes, mass, ejection fraction (EF), LV wall motion score, LV non-compacted segments and non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratios. Average age of presentation was 33.1 ± 17.6 years old, with 9 males (64%). Of these patients, 7 (50%) presented with acute heart failure and 3 (21%) with syncope, including 1 documented ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082554 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 15:47:15 +0100 5082554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082555&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj5825q143208k602%2F Abstract  Right-anterior-oblique (RAO) monoplane cineventriculography is usually applied in cardiac catheter labs to assess the left ventricular (LV) function. However, it is uncertain whether this technique is reliable in clinical routine. Unenhanced two-dimensional echocardiography was reported to underestimate left ventricular volumes. The aim of this study was to compare these two conventional techniques with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the present gold standard for the determination of LV function, to evaluate whether the results from the conventional techniques are reliable and in accordance with each other. Seventy-two patients were retrospectively recruited and analysis of the three techniques was performed. Compared with MRI, RAO cineventriculography ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082555 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 15:47:14 +0100 5082555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082556&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm745ru5645050677%2F This study provides a healthy reference value of coronary artery calcification in Korean subjects, based on sex and age percentiles. Similar age and gender associations and distributions of coronary artery calcification are found, compared to the previous studies in western populations, but median CACS tend to be lower in Koreans. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9922-2Authors Hyo Eun Park, Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 39th FL. Gangnam Finance Center, 737 Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-984 KoreaMin-Kyung Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 39th FL. Gangnam Finance Center, 737 Yeoksam-dong, Gangnam-gu, Se... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082556 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 05:48:18 +0100 5082556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5082557&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl48771127t60780q%2F Abstract  Exclusion of ischemia is important in patients with newly diagnosed systolic heart failure (HF). We prospectively compared standard-of-care invasive catheter angiography (iCA) and echocardiography to a novel non-invasive strategy of both Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography (CCTA) and Cardiovascular MRI (CMR) to determine the etiology of myocardial dysfunction Prospective data were collected from consecutive patients referred for iCA to investigate echocardiographically-confirmed new onset HF. CMR (1.5T GE) and dual source CCTA were performed within 2–7 days of iCA. Results were blinded and separately analyzed by expert readers. 426 coronary segments from 28 prospectively enrolled patients were analyzed by CCTA and quantitative iCA. The per-patient sen... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5082557 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 05:48:17 +0100 5082557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5023578&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp6p5326x04544737%2F Abstract  Currently 64-multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scanners are the most widely used devices allowing low radiation dose coronary CT angiography (CCTA) with prospective ECG triggering. Latest 128-slice dual-source CT (DSCT) scanners offer prospective high-pitch spiral acquisition covering the heart during one single beat. We compared radiation dose and image quality from prospective 64-MSCT versus high-pitch spiral 128-slice DSCT scanning, as such data is lacking. CCTA of 50 consecutive patients undergoing 128-DSCT (2 × 64 × 0.6 mm collimation, 0.28 s rotation time, 3.4 pitch, 100–120 kV tube voltage and 320 mAs tube current–time product) were compared to CCTA of 50 heart rate (HR) and BMI matched patients undergoing 64... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5023578 Sun, 10 Jul 2011 05:51:52 +0100 5023578 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013308&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq734657517rn670m%2F Abstract  To describe findings of patients with surgically confirmed pericardial disease on state of the art MR sequences. Retrospective review was performed for patients who underwent pericardiectomy and preoperative MR over a 5 year period ending in 2009. Patients’ records were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis of chronic recurrent pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, or pericardial tumor. MR imaging findings of pericardial thickness, IVC diameter, presence or absence of pericardial or pleural effusion, pericardial edema, pericardial enhancement, and septal “bounce” were recorded. Patients with constriction had a larger IVC diameter (3.1 ± 0.4 cm) than patients with recurrent pain and no constriction (2.0 ± 0.4 cm). Mean peric... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013308 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 05:45:28 +0100 5013308 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013309&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F56061905710k28q0%2F Abstract  Gated radionuclide ventriculography (RNV), combined with inter- and intraventricular dyssynchrony measurement by phase analysis, is able to evidence right and left ventricular mechanical cardiac disorders and may contribute to the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD). Nevertheless, the patients referred for suspicion of ARVD on the basis of symptoms, electrical abnormalities or family history of sudden death, are very heterogeneous and the examination findings spread out from strictly normal to severely abnormal. In order to describe the patient population encountered in “real life” we propose to use an automatic clustering method based on RNV results in order to segment the overall population into subgroups with coherent scintigraphic... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013309 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:54:04 +0100 5013309 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013310&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F436q264376732232%2F Abstract  Prevalence of dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (DLVO) during dobutamine stress-echo (DSE) seems disproportionally high among diabetic patients. We retrospectively identified 212 diabetic (D+) and 212 non diabetic (D−) subjects, who underwent DSE for suspected coronary artery disease (CAD); we evaluated DSE-induced DLVO prevalence and correlates. During DSE, 105 patients in D+ (50%) and 83 in D− group (39%, P = 0.032) developed a DLVO, with similar maximum gradient (94 ± 49 mmHg in D+ vs. 86 ± 49 mmHg in D−, P = NS). D+ and D− patients with DLVO showed reduced LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension. Compared with diabetic subjects without DLVO, diabetic patients with DLVO had high... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013310 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:54:03 +0100 5013310 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013312&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk0125245m274344h%2F Abstract  Although left atrial volumes (LAVs) and transport function can be accurately measured by multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) during sinus rhythm, limited data are available for in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aims of our study were to compare LAVs and function assessed by MSCT and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) during AF, and to validate a simplified method to determine LAVs and functions using MSCT. A total of 150 consecutive AF patients who were scheduled to undergo catheter ablation were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent MSCT and TTE on the same day. LAVs were measured by MSCT at every 10% of the R–R interval (10-phase analysis). LA transport function was assessed by measuring changes in LAVs. LAVs and functions were also ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013312 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:54:02 +0100 5013312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013311&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu243t52614475303%2F This study evaluated the gender related long-term prognostic value of adenosine perfusion and dobutamine wall motion imaging as assessed during a combined single-session stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination. In 717 patients a combined CMR stress examination was performed. Inducible perfusion deficits and wall motion abnormalities were identified visually. Clinical parameters were assessed at the time of the CMR examination. All patients were contacted to determine the occurrence of hard cardiac events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction) during a median follow-up period of 5.3 years. A complete combined CMR examination and follow-up data were available in 679 patients (471 men). A total of 77 hard cardiac events (63 in men) occurred during follow-up. Multivariat... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013311 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:54:02 +0100 5013311 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988478&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn22837566757558x%2F Abstract  To evaluate the ability to identify right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, and to predict adverse outcomes of chest computed tomography (CT), we compared CT and echocardiography in acute pulmonary embolism patients. We analyzed 56 patients diagnosed by CT with acute pulmonary embolism, who underwent echocardiography within 48 h of CT scan from January 2004 to December 2008. From the CT scan, the ratio of RV diameter to left ventricular diameter (RVd/LVd), the presence of septal bowing and embolus location were determined. RVd/LVd (P < 0.001), septal bowing (P < 0.001) and proximal embolism (P = 0.016) were associated with echocardiographic RV hypokinesia. The odds ratio for adverse clinical outcomes was 19.2 for the combination... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988478 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 10:50:13 +0100 4988478 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972405&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4327t1q213752444%2F Abstract  Imaging of the right ventricle (RV) for the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is commonly performed by echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Angiography is an alternative modality, particularly when MRI cannot be performed. We hypothesized that RV volume and ejection fraction computed by angiography would correlate with these quantities as computed by MRI. RV volumes and ejection fraction were computed for subjects enrolled in the North American ARVC/D Registry, with both RV angiography and MRI studies. Angiography was performed in the 30° right anterior oblique (RAO) and 60° left anterior oblique (LAO) views. Angiographic volumes were computed by RAO view and two-view (RAO and LAO) formulae. 17 ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972405 Sat, 25 Jun 2011 05:41:32 +0100 4972405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972406&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8132t875l81g7675%2F Abstract  A negative (zero) Agatston coronary calcium score (CCS) by current methods confers a very low risk for hard coronary events during the next years. However, controversy remains on how to use a negative score since some hard events still occur. We report on a new method with improved detection sensitivity for very small calcifications with the potential to more confidently rule out early atherosclerotic disease. Seventy-eight (78) patients with negative Agatston scores by conventional methods with 2.5 mm slices were selected from routine GE 64 MDCT scans. Each scan was reconstructed a second time from the same data to create 0.625 mm isotropic voxels. The 2.5 mm images were manually scored by the usual Agatston method using the GE SmartScore™ softwa... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972406 Fri, 24 Jun 2011 16:00:15 +0100 4972406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964004&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm157420860694712%2F Abstract  We aimed to determine whether the Framingham risk score (FRS), systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE), and Chinese multi-provincial cohort study (CMCS) could predict anatomic severity of coronary plaques. From January 2007 to October 2010, we performed a contrast-enhanced 64-slice or 256-slice multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography as part of a health check-up protocol in 806 asymptomatic subjects (70.5% male, 56 ± 9 year-old). Risk scores significantly correlated with calcium volume score, plaque stenosis score and plaque distribution score (P < 0.001). Of the 3 risk scores, the SCORE system showed the best correlation. Overall, 180 (22%) and 37 (5%) subjects were found to have stenosis of 50-69% and more than 70% ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964004 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 20:54:28 +0100 4964004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964005&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd712625178136273%2F Abstract  Although abnormal septal motion is a well-known sign of increased pulmonary arterial pressures, it is not routinely used to quantify the severity of pulmonary hypertension (PH). This determination relies on invasive measurements or Doppler echocardiographic estimation of right ventricular (RV) pressures, which is not always feasible or accurate in patients with PH. We hypothesized that dynamic 3D analysis of septal curvature from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images may reveal differences between patients with different degrees of PH. Forty-four patients (14 controls; 30 PH patients who underwent right heart catheterization) were studied using CMR and echocardiography. CMR imaging was performed using Philips 1.5T scanner with a phased-array cardiac coil, in a r... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964005 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 20:54:27 +0100 4964005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964006&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F451m4k3877v33q88%2F In this study, we investigated the effect of the anti-platelet therapies, widely used for secondly prevention of cardiovascular events, on plaque stability and examined whether this novel technique could detect the changes of plaque components under the therapy. Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were fed on high-cholesterol diet alone and either with 0.1% cilostazol or clopidogrel for 10 weeks. We assessed atherosclerotic lesion volumes and components at brachiocephalic artery by the phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging and histochemistry. The phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging could reveal that cilostazol and clopidogrel significantly decreased atherosclerotic lesion volumes at brachiocephalic artery (31.2% reduction in cilostazol group and 37.4% reduction in clopidogrel group), compared... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964006 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:00:05 +0100 4964006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964007&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3g010530w4252173%2F Abstract  Traditional indexes of LV dyssynchrony (DYS) in pts to be resynchronized are sensitive to noise, while the concordance between LV lead position and site of latest mechanical activation is suggested to be, in these patients, clinically relevant. Both aspects, asynchrony and lead position have been addressed separately but unclear is their potential synergistic role in the clinical evolution of CRT patients. We assessed clinical and echocardiographic outcome, as well as mid-term prognosis, in a population of CHF patients submitted to CRT, stratified according to a novel asynchrony quantitation (temporal uniformity of strain: TUS) method and concordance or not between presumed LV lead position and site of latest mechanical activation. TUS was computed in 85 pts ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964007 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:00:04 +0100 4964007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964009&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9382521507w97211%2F In conclusion, patients with ABS have greater and more diffuse RWMA compared to anterior STEMI. The presence of systolic dysfunction in the posterolateral segment in the left anterior oblique projection of the left ventriculogram most accurately distinguishes ABS from an anterior STEMI highlighting the utility of biplane angiography for this purpose. The severity of RWMA correlates with the extent of troponin release and ECG abnormality. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9911-5Authors Sandeep M. Patel, The Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USARyan J. Lennon, The Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964009 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:00:00 +0100 4964009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4964008&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2160307j22p11207%2F Abstract  It has been previously reported that the sensitivity and specificity of multislice CT for detecting significant CAD (coronary artery disease) is high. Chest pain is a common presentation in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of Dual-Source CT to detect and rule out significant CAD in patients presenting with uncontrolled hypertension accompanied by chest pain. 260 consecutive patients presenting with acute chest pain in the context of stage 2 hypertension (systolic pressure ≥160 and/or diastolic pressure ≥100) were enrolled in the study. After admission, control of blood pressure and risk stratification, 82 patients were excluded due to renal insufficiency, prior coronary revascularisation or refused partic... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4964008 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:00:00 +0100 4964008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948350&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv461187004l64118%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9909-zAuthors Markus Weininger, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Drive, MSC 226, Charleston, SC 29425, USA Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948350 Fri, 17 Jun 2011 12:00:44 +0100 4948350 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948351&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk3p62286p6vx5515%2F Abstract  We aimed to evaluate image quality, radiation dose and diagnostic accuracy of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) with a prospectively gated transverse-axial scan (PGT) compared with a retrospectively gated helical scan (RGH), using a 64-slice scanner in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Of the 131 consecutive patients that underwent CABG using 64-slice multidetector row computed tomography during 2008, patients with heart rate (HR) of <75 beats/minute (bpm), and HR variation <10 bpm were included in the study. PGT was performed on 39 patients with 93 grafts, with RGH performed on 43 patients with 102 grafts. Image quality (1: excellent—4: poor) and estimated radiation dose were compared between the two groups. Of these, a total o... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948351 Thu, 16 Jun 2011 06:29:52 +0100 4948351 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948352&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh73h8651qm62735r%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s10554-010-9765-2Authors Amira A. A. H. Al-Hay, Departments of Pediatric Cardiology, Chest Diseases Hospital, Kuwait City, P.O. Box 4278, Salmia, 22043 KuwaitLulu Abushaban, Departments of Pediatric Cardiology, Chest Diseases Hospital, Kuwait City, P.O. Box 4278, Salmia, 22043 KuwaitMustafa A. Al-Qbandi, Departments of Pediatric Cardiology, Chest Diseases Hospital, Kuwait City, P.O. Box 4278, Salmia, 22043 KuwaitMuath Alanbaei, Kuwait Health, Safat, 13001 Kuwait Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948352 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 05:46:45 +0100 4948352 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4948353&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9658233r75102342%2F Abstract  To retrospectively evaluate prognostic accuracy of subjective assessment of right ventricle (RV) enlargement on CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) images in comparison with objective measures of RV enlargement in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). For 200 consecutive patients with acute PE, two readers blinded to patient outcomes subjectively determined whether the maximum RV diameter was greater than that of the left ventricle (LV) using axial CTPA images. For the objective measurements, RV/LV diameter ratios were calculated using axial images and 4-chamber reformatted images. For all assessments, sensitivities and specificities for predicting PE-related death within 30-days and a composite outcome including PE-related death or the need for intensive thera... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4948353 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 05:55:36 +0100 4948353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941265&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm0127x65u5180378%2F Abstract  To determine via meta-analysis the diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CTA) for assessment of significant obstructive coronary artery stenosis at different coronary artery calcium score (CACS) levels. Data of 12,053 versus 5,890 segments, 906 versus 758 arteries and 1,120 versus 514 patients in low versus high CACS subgroups from 19 eligible studies were compared. The per-patient prevalence of coronary artery disease was 48% versus 68%, respectively. Subgroups were stratified by different CACS thresholds ranging from 100 to 400. Meta-analyses of per-patient data comparing overall low versus high CACS subgroups resulted in a sensitivity of 97.5 (95.5–99)% versus 97 (94.5–98.5)%, specificity of 85 (82–88)% versus 66.5 (58�... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941265 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 06:02:46 +0100 4941265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941266&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9387w13q35467016%2F Abstract  Left ventricular (LV) volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF) and regional wall motion (LVRWM) have important treatment and prognostic implications in patients with coronary artery disease. We sought to determine the accuracy of 320-row multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for the assessment of LV volumes, LVEF and LVRWM, using 2D-echocardiography as the reference standard. We evaluated 50 consecutive patients (mean age 60 ± 14 years, 66% male) who underwent 320-detector MDCT (dose-modulated retrospective electrocardiogram-triggering) and 2D-echocardiography within 14 days for investigation of known or suspected coronary artery disease. Two blinded readers measured LV volumes on MDCT and visually assessed LVRWM with a 3-point scale using a 17-seg... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941266 Sat, 11 Jun 2011 06:35:19 +0100 4941266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916554&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F641kp0172t743511%2F Abstract  Previous optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies in patients with drug-eluting stents (DESs)-related very late stent thrombosis (VLST) were scarce. Therefore, we investigated OCT findings of VLST after implantation of DESs. Using OCT, we analyzed the status of stent struts and neointimal characteristics in 18 patients who developed VLST after DES implantation. These results were compared to those in 57 patients with neointimal hyperplasia causing >40% diameter stenosis. Lipid-laden neointima was defined as a region with marked signal attenuation and a diffuse border. Four (22.2%) of 18 patients with VLST had ruptured and lipid-laden neointima inside DESs without uncovered or malapposed stent struts. In the remaining 14 patients who developed V... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916554 Wed, 08 Jun 2011 05:47:35 +0100 4916554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916555&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy834772073821g07%2F Abstract  Infarct size (IS) and microvascular obstruction (MO) following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) reperfusion may affect left ventricular (LV) remodeling. We evaluated the impact of extent and transmurality of IS and MO in LV remodeling using contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thirty-six consecutive patients presenting with a first STEMI and undergoing contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI within 5 days of successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) were enrolled. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI at first passage and in delayed imaging was performed to assess MO and IS. LV remodeling was evaluated by echocardiography at 6-month-follow-up and defined as a percent increase in the LV end-diastolic volume >20%. Thirteen patient... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916555 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 05:45:03 +0100 4916555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916556&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fx86r243431p23861%2F Abstract  Cardiovascular risk is increased in HIV infected patients. We assessed progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in patients with HIV infection to identify factors that may help explain progression of atherosclerosis. Prospective, observational study of 132 HIV-infected men receiving chronic antiretroviral therapy (ART); we measured traditional atherosclerosis risk factors and assessed progression of CAC on sequential 64-slice CT scans at an average interval of 11 months (range 6–36). CAC score progression was defined as absolute and percentage change from baseline. During follow-up 45 patients (34%) showed absolute progression of CAC and 34 of them showed >15% yearly progression, a threshold previously associated with a high risk of myocardial infarc... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916556 Sun, 05 Jun 2011 05:45:01 +0100 4916556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897999&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1423j17476x3273%2F Abstract  Right ventricular function (RVF) is often selectively declined after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. In adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) the incidence and persistence of declined RVF after cardiac surgery is unknown. The current study aimed to describe RVF after cardiac surgery in these patients. Adult CHD patients operated between January 2008 and December 2009 in the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam were studied. Clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, surgical data and intensive care unit outcome were obtained from medical records. RVF was measured by trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) and expressed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), tissue Doppler imaging (RV S’) and myocardial performance index (MPI) pr... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897999 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:57:42 +0100 4897999 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898000&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd10xq80757q13317%2F In conclusion, our newly developed automatic approach can extract coronary arteries in CCTA images with excellent performances in extraction ability and accuracy. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9894-2Authors Guanyu Yang, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsPieter Kitslaar, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsMichel Frenay, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsAlexander Broersen, Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The NetherlandsMark J. Boogers, Department of Cardiolog... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898000 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:57:41 +0100 4898000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898002&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc5p33811p6380323%2F Abstract  Dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) uses polyenergetic X-rays at 100- and 140-kVp tube energy, and generates 120-kVp composite images that are referred to as polyenergetic images (PEIs). Moreover, DE-CT can produce monoenergetic images (MEIs) at any effective energy level. We evaluated whether the image quality of coronary angiography is improved by optimizing the energy levels of DE-CT. We retrospectively evaluated data sets obtained from 24 consecutive patients using cardiac DE-CT at 100- and 140-kVp tube energy with a dual-source scanner. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were evaluated in the left ascending coronary artery in PEIs, and in MEIs reconstructed at 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 130, 160 and 190 keV. Energy levels of 100, 120 and 140 kVp ge... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898002 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:57:40 +0100 4898002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898001&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flm624g2782283070%2F In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between EAT measured by dual source multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and descending thoracic aorta (DTA) atherosclerosis. A total of 148 patients who underwent MDCT for the evaluation of coronary artery disease were enrolled in this study. Thickness of the EAT was measured on contrast enhanced multiplanar reformat images with parasternal short axis view at basal, mid-ventricular and apical levels and horizontal long axis view. The atherosclerotic plaque was scored from 0 to 4 points by the percentage of the luminal surface at the cross sectional area of proximal, mid and distal segments of descending aorta. Among the study population, 84 (56.8%) were male and age was (mean ± standart deviation) 56.9 ± 11... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898001 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:57:40 +0100 4898001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898003&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc104g8j36v711510%2F We present an approach to consistent anatomic orientation which is both intuitive and consistent with regard to superior–inferior, anterior–posterior and left–right axes. Such anatomic orientation is also concordant with other common 3D imaging modes such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Views derived from standard cross sectional echocardiography have such universal familiarity that analogous 3D projections of these views may be retained but novel hitherto unavailable views such as en face views of the cardiac septums or atrioventricular valves may be projected using anatomic orientation. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9893-3Authors John Simpson, Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children’s Hospit... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898003 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:10:41 +0100 4898003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898004&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb11862p313861573%2F This study demonstrated that DES type might be associated with the most important determinants of uncovered struts compared to any other clinical or angiographic factor. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9896-0Authors Byeong-Keuk Kim, Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 KoreaJung-Sun Kim, Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 KoreaChangmyung Oh, Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 KoreaYoung-Guk Ko, Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiova... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898004 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:10:40 +0100 4898004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898005&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft732421646413081%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study is to evaluate the interscan, interobserver and intraobserver agreement for coronary plaque detection, and characterization using low radiation dose high-pitch spiral acquisition coronary CT angiography (CTA). Two experienced observers independently evaluated coronary CTA datasets from 50 consecutive patients undergoing two 128-slice dual source CT scans within 12 days. Mean (±SD) estimated radiation exposure was 1.5 ± 0.2 mSv per scan. Observers recorded the presence and characterization of coronary plaques as non-calcified or calcified. A “segment involvement score” (SIS) was computed by summing the numbers of segments with any coronary plaque per patient. Reproducibility was assessed using kappa (κ) statistics... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898005 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:10:39 +0100 4898005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898006&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ftk2kk7016ln77n73%2F In conclusion, this emphasizes the need to attain a more precise characterization and categorization for patients with diastolic dysfunction. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9891-5Authors Samira Bahrainy, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Box 359748, Seattle, WA 98104, USAMichelle Vo, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Box 359748, Seattle, WA 98104, USAEdward A. Gill, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Box 359748, Seattle, WA 98104, USA Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898006 Fri, 27 May 2011 18:13:43 +0100 4898006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898007&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2700028t4723n300%2F We present an automated method (three initialization points are required) to measure plaque components within the carotid vessel wall in CTA. Plaque components (calcifications, fibrous tissue, lipids) are determined by different ranges of Hounsfield Unit values within the vessel wall. On CTA scans of 40 symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery automatically segmented plaque volume, calcified, fibrous and lipid percentages were 0.97 ± 0.51 cm3, 10 ± 11%, 63 ± 10% and 25 ± 5%; while manual measurements by first observer were 0.95 ± 0.60 cm3, 14 ± 16%, 63 ± 13% and 21 ± 9%, respectively and manual measurement by second observer were 1.05 ± 0.75 cm3... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898007 Wed, 25 May 2011 16:03:23 +0100 4898007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898008&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh00184740p303512%2F Abstract  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of 320-row computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the identification of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients presenting with acute chest pain and to examine the relation to outcome during follow-up. A total of 106 patients with acute chest pain underwent CTA to evaluate presence of CAD. Each CTA was classified as: normal, non-significant CAD (<50% luminal narrowing) and significant CAD (≥50% luminal narrowing). CTA results were compared with quantitative coronary angiography. After discharge, the following cardiovascular events were recorded: cardiac death, non-fatal infarction, and unstable angina requiring revascularization. Among the 106 patients, 23 patients (22%) had a normal CT... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898008 Wed, 25 May 2011 16:03:22 +0100 4898008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4898009&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk23354r5m21242t2%2F Abstract  A single imaging modality that can accurately assess both coronary anatomy and mitral valve (MV) anatomy prior to surgery may be desirable. We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of cardiac computed tomography (CT) to detect and characterize mitral valve prolapse (MVP) compared to echocardiography. Consecutive patients referred for ‘single-source’ cardiac CT for investigation prior to non-coronary cardiac sugery were identified. MV anatomy was assessed for MVP and results were compared to echocardiography and to intra-operative visual assessment of the MV. Comparison between the three modalities was performed at the per-patient, per-leaflet and per-scallop levels. A total of 67 consecutive patients that were referred for Cardiac CT prior to non-coronar... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4898009 Sat, 21 May 2011 23:22:07 +0100 4898009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4849389&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F44476pj64hu38124%2F Abstract  We explored the impact of patient demographics, anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular risk factors, and soluble biomarkers on necrotic core and atheroma size in patients with coronary disease. The IBIS-2 trial enrolled 330 patients. In the multivariate analysis, at baseline, creatinine had a positive, whereas baseline mean lumen diameter and myeloperoxidase had a negative, independent association with percentage of necrotic core (PNC); while age, glomerular filtration rate <60, HbA1c, previous PCI or CABG and baseline % diameter stenosis were positively, and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) were negatively associated with baseline percentage atheroma volume (PAV). The variables associated with a decrease in PNC from baseline were darapladib, ACS and a large... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4849389 Wed, 18 May 2011 18:20:30 +0100 4849389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4849390&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa2r203041031w861%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9884-4Authors E. E. van der Wall, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsE. J. S. Kröner, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsH. M. Siebelink, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsA. J. Scholte, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsM. J. Schalij, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Pr... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4849390 Wed, 18 May 2011 18:20:28 +0100 4849390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4849391&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4348548n6u641048%2F Abstract  To evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic impact of time-resolved MR angiography (TR-MRA) combined with parallel imaging and low contrast dose for the assessment of peripheral high-flow vascular malformations (VM) at 1.5 Tesla (T). Twelve consecutive patients (7 female, 5 male, mean age 24.7 ± 11.1 years) with known or suspected high-flow VM underwent time-resolved MRA. Two readers individually assessed image quality, diagnostic confidence as well as hemodynamic features. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) correlation was available in 9 patients. TR-MRA provided a comprehensive assessment of all VMs with good quality images, allowing reliable differentiation of the early and main arterial phases and of at least the early venous phase. Based on ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4849391 Wed, 18 May 2011 06:15:17 +0100 4849391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4825054&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhlx2524v7832x750%2F Abstract  Intramyocardial fat can be observed in different pathologic processes including arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and in old myocardial infarction (OMI) In SSFP images, fat is hyperintense and surrounded by a black boundary, called “Indian Ink” artifact that is generated when fat and water coexist in the same voxel. Aim of this study was to compare the SSFP with the conventional FSE and STIR (FSE/STIR) method for the detection of LV intramyocardial fat. Fifty-four consecutive patients with OMI (>1,000 days) and 69 patients with a diagnosis of ARVC underwent magnetic resonance. LV fat was detected in 29 patients (53.7%) in SSFP images and in 28 patients (51.9%) in FSE/STIR images. At Bland- Altman plot a close agreement was found be... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4825054 Wed, 11 May 2011 15:47:31 +0100 4825054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4825055&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq1m655qu02m82318%2F Abstract  Excluding obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) as the etiology of acute chest pain in patients without diagnostic electrocardiographic changes or elevated serum cardiac biomarkers is challenging. Stress testing is a valuable risk-stratifying technique reserved for the subset of these patients with low-risk chest pain who have an intermediate clinical probability of obstructive CAD. Given the risks of radiation inherent to nuclear and computed tomography imaging, both adenosine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (AS-CMR) imaging and dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) are attractive alternative stress modalities. An essential characteristic of stress modalities is their negative prognostic value; as one must exclude clinically-relevant CAD such that ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4825055 Wed, 11 May 2011 15:47:30 +0100 4825055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808699&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8t7232638277q781%2F Abstract  To explore left ventricular filling patterns in patients with a history of previous myocardial infarction (MI) using time-volume curves obtained from conventional cine-cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examinations. Consecutive patients with a history of previous MI who were referred for CMR evaluation constituted the study population, and a consecutive cohort of sex and age-matched patients with a normal CMR constituted the control group. The following CMR diastolic parameters were evaluated: peak filling rate (PFR), time to PFR (tPFR), normalised PFR adjusted for diastolic volume at PFR (nPFR), and percent RR interval between end systole and PFR. Fifty patients were included, 25 with a history of previous MI and 25 control. The mean age was 59.6 ± 13.9... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808699 Fri, 06 May 2011 16:16:06 +0100 4808699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4808700&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu73q548g08052777%2F Abstract  To determine the value of dual-energy CT (DECT) and combined information of perfusion and angiography in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD), with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) as a reference standard. Thirty-four patients were enrolled in this study. DECT was used as a contrast-enhanced retrospectively ECG-gated scan protocol during the rest state and tubes were set at 140/100 kV. DECT angiography (DE-CTA) and DECT perfusion (DE-CTP) were calculated from two kV images. DE-CTP results were compared with SPECT and DE-CTA with QCA, respectively. The combined DE-CTP with DE-CTA data were compared to QCA in diagnosis of obstructive CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%). DECT showed diagnostic image ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4808700 Fri, 06 May 2011 05:52:50 +0100 4808700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791893&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy887222421237677%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s10554-010-9761-6Authors Andrew L. Rivard, Department of Radiology, University of Mississippi, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USARobert P. Gallegos, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, USAJames M. Melotek, University of Florida College of Medicine, P.O. Box 103462, Gainesville, FL 32610-0374, USADavid C. Wymer, Department of Radiology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 103462, Gainesville, FL 32610-0374, USA Journal The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (formerly Cardiac Imaging)Online ISSN 1573-0743Print ISSN 1569-5794 (Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging) The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791893 Tue, 03 May 2011 15:33:32 +0100 4791893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791894&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp951854171511314%2F Abstract  To investigate the image quality and dose performance of 80 kV high-pitch spiral (HPS) coronary CT angiography (CCTA). 106 patients consecutively enrolled into prospectively ECG-triggering HPS CCTA (pitch = 3.4) exam using kV/ref. mAs = 80/400, 100/370, and 120/370 when patient BMI was ≤22.5 (n = 40), between 22.5 and 27.5 (n = 53) and >27.5 kg/m² (n = 13). Image quality was assessed per-segment by two observers independently using a 4-point scale (1—excellent, 4—non-diagnosable). Image noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio were measured. Diagnostic image quality was obtained in 503 of 507, 687 of 693, 164 of 167 coronary segments in 80, 100, 120 kV groups without si... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791894 Tue, 03 May 2011 15:33:31 +0100 4791894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791895&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn39l85qt6838g819%2F We describe here an unique set of such studies performed on either preserved heart specimens or within reanimated large mammalian hearts, including human (using Visible Heart® methodologies). Such anatomical and device-tissue interface knowledge is critical for both design engineers and clinicians that seek to develop and/or employ less invasive cardiac repair approaches for patients with acquired or congenital structural heart defects. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9807-4Authors Michael G. Bateman, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAPaul A. Iaizzo, Departments of Surgery and Integrative Biology and Physiology, The Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, ... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791895 Tue, 03 May 2011 15:33:22 +0100 4791895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4785084&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd38m94824k651j59%2F Abstract  The purpose of this article is to provide a current review of multidetector CT (MDCT) and MRI findings and imaging protocols for the cardiovascular diseases that can precipitate systemic embolism. These conditions include intracardiac thrombus or tumors, paradoxical embolism through right-to-left shunts, and diseases of the thoracic aorta. MDCT and MRI may be helpful for detection of these conditions. Familiarity with the pathogenesis and CT and MRI appearance of these conditions is important as their detection may have a major impact on patient management. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-18DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9878-2Authors Jiyoung Hwang, Department of Radiology and Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Cardiac and Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sun... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4785084 Mon, 02 May 2011 15:56:36 +0100 4785084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4785085&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F530621g5r4011251%2F Abstract  To evaluate the incremental diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with chest pain, raised troponin and unobstructed coronary arteries, and to compare subsequent event rates between diagnostic groups. 130 patients (mean age: 54 ± 17) presenting with troponin-positive acute chest pain and unobstructed coronary arteries were included. All patients were managed according to European Society of Cardiology guidelines, including echocardiography, and had CMR within 6.2 ± 5.3 days of presentation. During follow-up, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were recorded. CMR provided a diagnosis in 100 of 130 patients (76.9%), with the remaining 30 (23.1%) having a normal examination. CMR diagnosed 37 (2... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4785085 Mon, 02 May 2011 15:56:35 +0100 4785085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4777292&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa318q12006638l75%2F Abstract  Endocardial mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation are well established modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome associated with tachyarrhythmias. However, the electrophysiologic techniques are invasive, require radiation exposure, and lack spatial resolution of cardiac structures. A variety of echocardiographic techniques have been investigated as a non-invasive alternative for accessory pathway localization. Conventional M-mode echocardiography can detect the fine premature wall motion abnormalities associated with WPW syndrome. However, it is unable to identify the exact site of accessory pathway with sufficient accuracy. 2D, 2D-guided M-mode, and 2D phase analysis techniques are limited by image... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4777292 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:40:02 +0100 4777292 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4750369&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq25n7843q1425818%2F Abstract  Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is widely used to precisely localize and determine the extent and transmurality of myocardial scarring. Performing LGE imaging at end-systole may reduce motion artefacts. It is therefore important to know whether end-systolic imaging influences infarct transmurality in patients with ischemic scar. 107 dysfunctional segments were studied in 20 consecutive patients with established coronary artery disease. Patient specific trigger delays were used to obtain end-diastolic and end-systolic LGE images (LGEed, LGEes). Wall thickness (WTed, WTes), thickness of the remaining viable rim (RIMed, RIMes) and end-diastolic scar thickness were measured manually. There was LGE in 84% of all dysfunctional segments with a mean scar of 3.4 ±&n... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4750369 Sat, 23 Apr 2011 15:41:25 +0100 4750369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4750370&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy8p575777824w520%2F Abstract  Whether the left ventricular (LV) mass index (LVMI) and LV volumetric parameters are associated independently with natriuretic peptide levels is unclear in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Therefore, we investigated which parameters have an independent relationship with N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in HCM patients using echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). A total of 103 patients with HCM (82 men, age 53 ± 12 years) were evaluated. Echocardiographic evaluations included left atrial volume index (LAVI) and early diastolic mitral inflow E velocity to early annular Ea velocity ratio (E/Ea). LVMI, maximal wall thickness and LV volumetric parameters were measured using CMR. The median value of N... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4750370 Sat, 23 Apr 2011 15:41:24 +0100 4750370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4750371&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5088885748518827%2F In conclusion, 64-MDCT is only able to detect coronary calcifications with minimal diameter of 215 μm. Consequently, early onset of calcification in coronary plaque will remain invisible when using CT and a zero calcium score can not exclude the presence of coronary calcification. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9869-3Authors Wisnumurti Kristanto, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. BOX 30001, 9700RB Groningen, The NetherlandsPeter M. A. van Ooijen, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. BOX 30001, 9700RB Groningen, The NetherlandsJaap M. Groen, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Unive... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4750371 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:07:50 +0100 4750371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745626&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv560134637x2rr2q%2F We report a case of syphilitic aortitis complicated by multiple aortic aneurysms in a 50-year-old man with elevated rapid plasma reagin titer of 1:128 and positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test. 256-slice MDCT depicted two saccular aneurysms in the descending thoracic aorta with a markedly thick mural thrombus causing the trachea and esophagus to shift to the right. Thickening of the aortic wall was also noted. Stenting of the proximal descending thoracic aortic aneurysm and aorto-right common carotid artery bypass were performed. Operative findings revealed thickening of the descending thoracic aortic wall with a coarse luminal surface. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9873-7Authors Jianhua Liu, Radiology Department, The Second Hospit... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745626 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 06:11:51 +0100 4745626 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745627&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu837h61m49470413%2F We present a case of a borderline mixed plaque with positive remodeling in the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD). After 6 months and despite aggressive medical therapy, the patient developed acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction caused by a thrombotic lesion in the proximal LAD. We review the literature on CT characteristics of vulnerable plaque and discuss the possible preventive interventions. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10554-011-9875-5Authors Maksymilian P. Opolski, Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology, Institute of Cardiology, ul. Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, PolandCezary Kepka, Department of Coronary and Structural Heart Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, PolandAdam Witkowski, Department of Interventional Ca... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745627 Wed, 20 Apr 2011 06:11:49 +0100 4745627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745628&cid=s_33381_37_f&fid=33381&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F92m266n29nkg6844%2F Abstract  The Ghent nosology is the gold standard in the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. In Ghent nosology, clinical features are assessed within seven body systems. The diagnosis of Marfan syndrome requires both a major criterion in two systems and the involvement of a third system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of multidetector computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography in the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome by Ghent nosology. Forty-nine patients (mean age: 33.2 ± 11.7 year, male:female = 25:24) with Marfan syndrome who had undergone 64-slice MDCT angiography of the aorta were included in this study. The Ghent criteria were evaluated by MDCT. MDCT could give positive signs for criteria in four body systems (skeletal, cardiovascu... The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745628 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 07:22:44 +0100 4745628