MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 17:42:12 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649240&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01042.x AbstractAtherosclerotic complications have a significant effect on mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) therapy. However, anti‐atherosclerotic and cardioprotective effects of on‐line hemodiafiltration (HDF) remain to be elucidated. We prospectively compared the anti‐atherosclerotic and cardioprotective effects in two randomly divided groups, i.e. on‐line HDF group (n = 13) and conventional HD group (n = 9) for 1 year. Surrogate markers were brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), intima‐media thickness (IMT) of carotid artery as an atherosclerosis marker, and cardiac functional surrogate markers included left ventricular mass index (LVMI), ejection fraction (EF), and LV diastolic capacity represented as E/A and deceleration time (DT). LVMI in on‐li... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649240 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649240 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649239&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01040.x AbstractDiffusive clearance depends on blood (Qb) and dialysate flow (Qd) rates and the overall mass transfer area coefficient (KoA) of the dialyzer. In this article we describe a model to predict an appropriated AutoFlow (AF) factor (AF factor = Ratio Qd/Qb), that is able to provide adequate Kt/V for hemodialysis patients (HDP), while consuming lower amounts of dialysate, water and energy during the treatment. We studied in vivo the effects of three various Qd on the delivered dose of dialysis in 33 stable HDP. Hemodialysis was performed at Qd of 700 mL/mn, 500 mL/mn, and with AF, whereas specific dialysis prescriptions (treatment time, blood flow rate [Qb], and type and size of dialyzer) were kept constant. The results showed that increasing the dialysate flow rate more than the ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649239 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649239 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649238&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01046.x We examined the GNRI of 120 maintenance HD patients and followed these patients for 120 months. Predictors for all‐cause death were examined using life table analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model. Life table analysis revealed that subjects with a GNRI < 90 (n = 19) had a marginally lower survival rate than did those with a GNRI ≥ 90 (n = 101) (Wilcoxon test, P = 0.048). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses demonstrated that the GNRI was a significant predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 0.966, 95% confidence interval 0.945–0.995, P = 0.018), after adjusting for age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, and body weight. These results demonstrate that the GNRI may be a significant predictor of mortality in Korean HD patients. (Source: The... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649238 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649237&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01047.x AbstractThe leading causes of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are cardiovascular diseases, regardless of the stage of disease or method of renal replacement therapy. On the other hand, CKD is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications after acute myocardial infarction, as well as for adverse outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. In the present study we prospectively followed‐up nephrological interventions in cardiology wards in order to determine changes in indications, treatment possibilities and outcome of patients. All patients treated at cardiology ward of the Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb and requiring renal replacement therapy from January 2003 to December 2009 were included in the investigation. Cardiology hospital unit (intensive care or ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649237 Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5668097&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01044.x AbstractWe used high‐resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) to examine possible changes in the morphology of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and to investigate their influence on vascular calcification in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). 36 uremic patients had cardiovascular diseases after MHD (MHD group1) and 30 uremic patients did not (MHD group 2), and 20 healthy volunteers were the control group. The extent of coronary artery calcification was assessed with coronary artery calcification score (CACS). AFM was used to analyze PBMCs nuances. Concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) in PBMC supernatants were detected by ELISA. Protein expressions of BMP‐2 were measured by Western blot. No significant differences in PBMC morphology were ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5668097 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5668097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649236&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01048.x AbstractLeft ventricular (LV) function is impaired in most hemodialysis (HD) patients. We conducted an observational cohort study to investigate whether LV end‐diastolic diameter (LVDd) could predict all‐cause mortality in a cohort of 166 HD patients. The LVDd values (5.06 ± 0.64 cm) of the non‐survivor group were significantly greater than in the survivor group (4.78 ± 0.71 cm). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for an LVDd cut‐off value of 5.01 cm was 0.6145 (P = 0.0234). The sensitivity and specificity of the LVDd threshold of 5.01 cm were 75.7% and 50.4%, respectively. The 4‐year survival rate was significantly lower in the group with LVDd ≥ 5.01 cm than in the group with LVDd < 5.01 cm (log‐rank test, P = ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649236 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598813&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01051.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598813 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:26 +0100 5598813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598812&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01016.x The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2012 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598812 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:24 +0100 5598812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598811&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01015.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598811 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:23 +0100 5598811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598810&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01029.x AbstractFollowing the crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, radioactive substances (131I, 134Cs, 137Cs) were detected in tap water throughout eastern Japan. There is now concern that internal exposure to radioactive substances in the dialysate could pose a danger to hemodialysis patients. Radioactive substances were measured in three hemodialysis facilities before and after purification of tap water for use in hemodialysis. Radioactive iodine was detected at levels between 13 and 15 Bq/kg in tap water from the three facilities, but was not detected by reverse osmosis membrane at any of the facilities. We confirmed that the amount of radioactive substances in dialysate fell below the limit of detection (7–8 Bq/kg) by reve... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598810 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:14 +0100 5598810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598809&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01031.x AbstractSclerosing encapsulated peritonitis (SEP) is a rare complication of long term peritoneal dialysis. Renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) may play a role in the development of peritoneal fibrosis in CAPD patients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of aliskiren, valsartan, and aliskiren + valsartan therapy on SEP. The study included 30 Wistar albino rats which were divided into five groups: I (Control) SF solution i.p.; II (CG group) chlorhexidine gluconate i.p.; III aliskiren oral plus CG i.p.; IV valsartan oral plus CG i.p.; and V aliskiren oral, valsartan oral and CG i.p. On the twenty‐first day, all of the rats were sacrificed. All of the groups were analyzed in terms of peritoneal thickness, degree of inflammation, vasculopathy, neovascularization and fibrosis. Als... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598809 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:10 +0100 5598809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598808&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01030.x AbstractThe Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy generates many tables of data on dialysis patients in their annual reports. These tables, derived from over 37 000 patients who started dialysis in 2008, allow comparison of the local incidence of new dialysis patients with the national incidence by estimating a standardized incidence ratio and confidence interval. Since this method adjusts for age and gender, it may be useful to evaluate local strategies for managing chronic kidney disease, including the response to campaigns and local quality assurance. Furthermore, the end‐stage renal disease population of other countries can also be directly compared by this method. That is, the age‐ and gender‐adjusted incidence of dialysis can be calculated for another country and compared wit... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598808 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:07 +0100 5598808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598807&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01050.x AbstractA nationwide statistical survey of 4196 dialysis facilities was conducted at the end of 2009, and 4133 facilities (98.5%) responded. The number of patients undergoing dialysis at the end of 2009 was determined to be 290 661, an increase of 7240 patients (2.6%) compared with that of 2008. The number of dialysis patients per million at the end of 2009 was 2279.5. The crude death rate of dialysis patients from the end of 2008 to the end of 2009 was 9.6%. The mean age of the new patients introduced into dialysis was 67.3 years old and the mean age of the entire dialysis patient population was 65.8 years old. Primary diseases such as diabetic nephropathy and chronic glomerulonephritis for new dialysis patients, showed a percentage of 44.5% and 21.9%, respectively. Based on the fac... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598807 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:03 +0100 5598807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5598806&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01049.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5598806 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 22:59:01 +0100 5598806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561261&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01032.x AbstractPruritus is a common complaint in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The pathophysiology of pruritus in these patients is not well known, but the role of histamine release from mast cells has been reported. According to the inhibitory effects of zinc on histamine release and reported low levels of serum zinc in hemodialysis patients, we aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc sulfate for the relief of pruritus in these patients. This double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted on 40 adults with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who were on maintenance hemodialysis in two university hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. Patients were randomized to receive either zinc sulfate (440 mg/day) or placebo for two consecutive months. Pruritus was assessed at baseline ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561261 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561260&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01033.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561260 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561259&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01037.x AbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐23 inhibits PTH production. Elevated FGF‐23 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are characteristic of hemodialyzed patients. Iron polymaltose was shown to increase FGF‐23 concentration. The effect of intravenous low molecular weight iron dextran (LMID) on these hormones and bone metabolism has not been studied in hemodialysis (HD). Twelve HD patients were prospectively followed up for 3 weeks after a single infusion of LMID. Calcium, phosphate, FGF‐23, PTH, degradation products of C‐terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen I N‐terminal propeptide (PINP) were measured prior to, and at week 1 and week 3 after the LMID administration. FGF‐23 increased significantly from 453.4 (68.6–3971.5) pg/mL at baseline to 971... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561259 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561258&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01038.x This study was a single‐center observational design study. We planned screening CDUS to evaluate all vascular accesses once per year, and additionally, follow‐up CDUS of post‐interventional patients 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after their recent VAIVT. This systematic evaluation was started from September 2009. The observational period between September 2008 and August 2009 was defined as period A. The observational period between September 2009 and August 2010 was defined as period B. We compared the incidence of emergent VAIVT and X‐ray exposure time during the period A to B. 131 patients with AV fistula were assigned. 13 patients were excluded due to death, hospital transfer or re‐operation of their accesses. During period A, 57 VAIVTs were carried out, and 37 cases (... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561258 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561257&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01039.x AbstractHeparin, one of the essential molecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), is the anticoagulant that is commonly used in regular hemodialysis, during which dialysis‐related amyloidosis (DRA) may develop. The pathogenic protein, i.e. precursor protein, in DRA is β2‐microglobulin (β2m). Recent studies defined amyloidosis as a protein misfolding disease of precursor proteins including β2m. Because the analytic technique capillary electrophoresis can identify molecular variants of the folded β2m, i.e. conformational variants, we utilized it to investigate the effect of heparin on β2m conformation and thus determined whether heparin can promote DRA development by inducing a conformational change in the amyloidogenic β2m molecule. Heparin had a slight but significant effect on i... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561257 Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5561257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5561256&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01041.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5561256 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5561256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442141&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01036.x The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442141 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:45 +0100 5442141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442140&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01035.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442140 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:43 +0100 5442140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442139&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01034.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442139 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:42 +0100 5442139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442138&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00989.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442138 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:40 +0100 5442138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442137&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00988.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442137 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:39 +0100 5442137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442136&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00986.x AbstractResults from recent trials and advances in the fields of medicine and technology have altered the spectrum of indications for use of therapeutic plasma exchange. In this article we analyze changes in indications for therapeutic plasma exchange that have occurred during 27 years in Croatia. We retrospectively analyzed the database of the Department of Dialysis at the University Hospital Center, Zagreb (678 patients; 6596 procedures), for changes in indications for therapeutic plasma exchange from 1982 to 2008. The number of patients and procedures increased several‐fold during the follow‐up period, but the mean number of procedures per patient per year did not change significantly. Neurological disorders constituted the largest group of indications for therapeutic plasma excha... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442136 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:37 +0100 5442136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442135&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00990.x In conclusion, the collection of peripheral blood stem cells is an effective and safe procedure, even when conducted on the youngest children. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442135 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:36 +0100 5442135 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442134&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00992.x In this study, we investigated the effects of CA beads treatment on modulation of the expression of innate immunity receptors such as the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) family and production of an inflammatory cytokine, interleukin‐8 (IL‐8). Changes in the expressions of TLR1, 2, 4 and 6 in peripheral leukocytes exposed to CA beads were examined by flow cytometry. TLR2 expression on the surface of granulocytes exposed to CA beads was decreased, but the amount of intracellular TLR2 was increased, possibly by internalization. These changes were not observed in monocytes or lymphocytes. Peptidoglycan (PGN) treatment produced similar changes in TLR2 on granulocytes. We also measured the amounts of IL‐8 in cultured blood treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and PGN, which are known TLR agoni... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442134 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:34 +0100 5442134 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442133&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00987.x AbstractWe aimed to compare automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) therapy with regard to patients' excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and quality of life (QOL). EDS was assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and QOL with the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐Item Short Form (SF‐36) health survey. We included 59 patients (CAPD/APD, 30/29; male/female, 33/26; age, 45.3 ± 15.8 years; dialysis duration, 42.0 ± 33.6 months). The CAPD and APD groups were similar with respect to factors that affected sleep quality (age, sex, duration of PD), smoking, alcohol intake, socioeconomic status, body mass index, comorbid disease, and various laboratory parameters. Although one patient (3.3%) treated with CAPD and four patients (13.8%)... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442133 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:33 +0100 5442133 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442132&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00996.x In conclusion, citrate, utilized as a regional anticoagulant in CVVH, can reduce both membrane bioincompatibility‐induced and systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, and can prolong CVVH circuit survival time. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442132 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:31 +0100 5442132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442131&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00994.x This study compared the efficacy of a cinacalcet‐based regimen with unrestricted conventional therapy (vitamin D and phosphate binders) for achieving Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) targets for dialysis patients. In this multicenter, prospective study, hemodialysis patients with poorly controlled secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) were randomized to receive a cinacalcet‐based regimen (n = 55) or a conventional therapy (n = 27). Doses of cinacalcet, vitamin D sterols, and phosphate binders were adjusted during a 12‐week dose‐titration phase to achieve intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels ≤ 31.8 pmol/L. The primary end point was the percentage of patients with values in this range during a 24‐week efficacy‐assessment phase. The clinical re... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442131 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:30 +0100 5442131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442130&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00997.x In this study, we examined the impact of the albumin assay on corrected Ca levels in hemodialysis patients. We measured serum albumin using bromocresol green (BCG) and modified bromocresol purple (BCP) assays, and corrected Ca for albumin using Payne's formula in 422 hemodialysis patients (age 66 ± 13 years; time on hemodialysis 116 ± 111 months). Serum albumin values were 3.7 ± 0.4 (1.4–4.6) g/dL by BCG and 3.3 ± 0.4 (1.0–4.3) g/dL by modified BCP, with the differences between the two assays ranging from 0.0 to 0.6 with a mean of 0.35 ± 0.09 g/dL. Serum C‐reactive protein and globulin values were significantly higher in patients with differences in albumin greater than 0.5 g/dL (P < 0.01). Based on the BCG method, 71 patients (16.8%) were ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442130 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:28 +0100 5442130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442129&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00995.x AbstractBoth cognitive impairment and malnutrition are common in hemodialysis patients and associated with adverse clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to investigate performance on a detailed cognitive and psychomotor battery in maintenance hemodialysis patients in correlation to nutritional status. A selected population of 65 adult (20 females and 45 males, aged 57.84 ± 12.28 years) hemodialysis (4.78 ± 3.62 years) patients were investigated. The total time of test solving was correlated with Dialysis Malnutrition Score (DMS) in tests of simple visual discrimination of signal location (r = 0.215, P = 0.042), simple convergent visual orientation (r = 0.262, P = 0.020), and convergent thinking (r = 0.244, P = 0.034). The minimum time of test solv... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442129 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:27 +0100 5442129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5442128&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01003.x We report our experience through three explicit cases. Three elderly patients were admitted to our hospital for cardiac or neurologic symptoms due to thyroid storm. After initiation of conventional therapy, TPE was performed with clinical and biological improvement. The speed of symptom resolution varies depending on the severity. This technique must be carried out by experienced medical staff as many complications can occur; nevertheless, in our patients with severe comorbidities, no complications occurred. The action of TPE mainly results from plasma removal of cytokines, putative antibodies, and thyroid hormones and their bound proteins. TPE has a transitory effect and thus should be associated with other thyroid blockers. When there are threatening symptoms, TPE should be done early, w... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5442128 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 10:28:25 +0100 5442128 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388801&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01005.x In this study, we analyzed the effects of renal function at the start of renal replacement therapy (RRT), duration of nephrology care, and comorbidity on 12‐month survival of end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The subjects in this study were 9695 new ESRD patients who started RRT in 2007. The average age of the subjects was 67.5 years, 64.1% of the subjects were male, and 42.9% had diabetes. During the 12‐month period after the start of RRT, 1546 patients died, and 35 patients received renal transplantation. Average estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at the initiation of dialysis was 6.52 ± 4.20 mL/min/1.73 m2. By unadjusted logistic analysis, one‐year Odds Ratio (OR) of mortality in patients with eGFR more than 4–6 mL/min/1.73 m2 was increased with ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388801 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5388801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5286657&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01001.x This study describes a simple predilution continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) protocol utilizing a commercially prepared replacement solution containing citrate (Prismocitrate 10/2). Ten patients with acute renal failure were evaluated. The Prismaflex system was used for predilution CVVH, with Prismocitrate 10/2 running at 2500 mL/h as the main predilution replacement. An 8.4% sodium bicarbonate solution was infused at 50 mL/h in the first 2 h followed by 30 mL/h; 10% calcium gluconate was given to achieve an ionized calcium (iCa) level of 1–1.2 mmol/L. The circuit was run for 72 h unless there was filter clotting, transportation was required, or the patient did not require further CRRT. Total treatment duration was 504.5 h. The post‐dilution equivalent ultraf... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5286657 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5286657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388800&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01009.x AbstractOur aim was to investigate and determine the associations between oxidative stress (OS), dyslipidemia and inflammation in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD) using observational cross‐sectional study. Twenty patients in CAPD and 48 in HD for at least 8 weeks and aged ≥18 years were included in the study. Individuals with malignant or acute inflammatory disease were excluded. A control group of 17 healthy individuals was also recruited. The biochemical parameter evaluations were analyzed using colorimetric kits for albumin, serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and lipid fractions. To determine the inflammatory status, CRP, IL‐6 and TNF‐α were analyzed by automated chemiluminescence kits. Plasma advanced oxidation... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388800 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5388800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5324631&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01014.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5324631 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5324631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5286656&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01002.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5286656 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5286656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5261836&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01004.x AbstractCryofiltration is a technique in which plasma is separated from blood and chilled, leading to the formation of “cryogel”, a composite of heparin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, immunoglobulins, and other proteins. This is retained by further filtration and plasma is returned to the patient. There may be a role for cryofiltration in the treatment of cryoglobulinemia or where the application of other forms of plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption is limited. Five patients received six courses of cryofiltration. Two patients had cryoglobulinemia and three were treated before HLA antibody‐incompatible renal transplantation. The treatment was associated with few adverse effects, and it was possible to treat up to 120 mL/kg plasma per session. There was a good clinical response in four pa... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5261836 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 10:17:49 +0100 5261836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5261837&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01000.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5261837 Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5261837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5261838&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00998.x AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fever, neurological abnormalities, and renal dysfunction. Because of the rarity of TTP, no comprehensive data is available in the Pakistani population. The present study aimed to review the therapeutic interventions, relapses and mortality rate in patients with TTP treated at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. This was a retrospective review of patients treated over a period of more than nine years (2001–2010). Medical charts were retrieved using the ICD coding system version 9 and each file was reviewed by the principal author for clinical and laboratory details, along with the therapy utilized and the outcome. Twenty‐five patients were diagnosed wit... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5261838 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5261838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251514&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.001028.x The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251514 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:48 +0100 5251514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251513&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01027.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251513 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:47 +0100 5251513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251512&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01013.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251512 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:45 +0100 5251512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251511&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00975.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251511 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:44 +0100 5251511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251510&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00978.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251510 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:42 +0100 5251510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251509&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00977.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251509 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:40 +0100 5251509 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251508&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00980.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251508 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:39 +0100 5251508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251507&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00974.x AbstractDialysis immediately before liver transplantation for patients with methylmalonic academia (MMA) with the mut0 mutation is considered to be necessary to reduce plasma methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels and prevent metabolic decompensation for a successful surgical outcome; however, this has not yet been conclusively confirmed. Ten pediatric patients underwent living donor liver transplantation at the National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. Seven patients received dialysis immediately before surgery, but the three most recent patients did not receive dialysis. We monitored plasma MMA levels and evaluated metabolic status during the perioperative period. Plasma MMA levels of patients who received preoperative dialysis were significantly decreased. However, lactic... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251507 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:34 +0100 5251507 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251506&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00976.x AbstractCompared with acetate dialysate, bicarbonate dialysate has shown beneficial effects in reducing the morbidity associated with dialysis, but a small amount of acetate in bicarbonate dialysate may evoke hypotension or malaise. Acetate‐free citrate hemodialysis (AFHD) may avoid these problems. In 44 hemodialysis patients bicarbonate hemodialysis (BHD) was conducted for three months, followed by a switch to AFHD for three months, and a further switch to bicarbonate hemodialysis (ReBHD). In BHD, AFHD and ReBHD, intra‐dialysis hypotension and post‐dialysis malaise were determined (hypotension: intra‐dialysis systolic blood pressure (SBP) was expressed as a percentage of SBP at the start of hemodialysis, malaise was assessed by a self‐reported 0 to 3 scale, 0: absence of malaise... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251506 Sun, 25 Sep 2011 22:24:27 +0100 5251506 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5210100&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00979.x AbstractVascular calcification is very prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition to having more traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, CKD patients also have a number of non‐traditional CV risk factors that may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification. The transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast‐like cells seems to be a key element in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in the presence of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) deposition due to abnormal bone metabolism and impaired renal excretion. Vascular calcification causes increased arterial stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy, decreased coronary artery perfusion, myocardial ischemia, and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Althou... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5210100 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5210100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163411&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.001008.x The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163411 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163410&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00999.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163410 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163409&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00991.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163409 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163408&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00972.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163408 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163407&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00973.x We examined appropriate flow rates for high collection rates of Total Protein (TP) and Albumin (Alb) and a change of IL‐6 concentrations in the cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) process. No significant changes were observed in IL‐6 concentration in the ascites storage test and the circulatory stimulation test. However, it was confirmed that the quantity of IL‐6 in the ascites decreased by means of filtration and concentration. In some cases, it quickly reached high concentration rates at a higher flow rate (200 mL/min) setting, but clogging or pressure increase has occurred in the hollow fiber filter. Therefore, it was concluded that a low flow rate (50 mL/min) setting was best and provides safer conditions for filtration and concentration in order to... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163407 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163406&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00969.x AbstractPlasma diafiltration (PDF) is a blood purification therapy in which simple plasma exchange (PE) is performed using a selective membrane plasma separator while the dialysate flows outside of the hollow fibers. A prospective, multicenter study was undertaken to evaluate the changes in biochemical examination of blood and the 28‐day and 90‐day survival rates of patients with postoperative liver failure (PLF). Eleven patients with PLF were studied with the therapy performed 98 times. The Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was categorized into three grades: 20–29, 30–39, and 40 or higher. The survival rate was assessed by the severity of MELD score. The 28‐day survival rate was 45.5% and that at 90 days was 27.3%. The levels of total bilirubin, BUN, and creatin... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163406 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163405&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00965.x AbstractThe efficacy of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) plus interferon (IFN)‐β induction therapy was preliminarily investigated in re‐treated patients with chronic genotype 1b hepatitis C and high viral load (patients with relapse or non‐response to previous IFN therapies). In eight patients with chronic hepatitis C, DFPP was performed five times over 2 weeks during IFN‐β therapy, and 3 MU of IFN‐β was administered twice a day for 2 weeks. Combination therapies with ribavirin and pegylated IFN‐α2b (PEG‐IFN‐α2b) or pegylated IFN‐α2a (PEG‐IFN‐α2a) were subsequently used. After 4 weeks, hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐RNA tended to be more greatly decreased with DFPP combination therapy than with previous IFN therapy (4.5 ± 2.0 log10IU/mL vs. 2.9... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163405 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163404&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00964.x In conclusion, Theralite2100 dialysis was the best in removal of FLCs. PES210Dα diafiltration can remove FLCs with smaller loss of albumin. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163404 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163403&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00971.x AbstractThe high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is an alarmin that plays an important role in sepsis and has been recognized as a promising target with a wide therapeutic window; however, no drugs and devices are currently in practical use. We hypothesized that hemofilters composed of porous membranes or cytokine‐adsorbing membranes could remove HMGB1 from the blood. We performed experimental hemofiltration in vitro using four types of hemofilters composed of different membranes specifically designed for continuous hemofiltration. The test solution was a 1000‐mL substitution fluid containing 100 µg of HMGB1 and 35 g of bovine serum albumin. Experimental hemofiltration was conducted for 360 min in a closed loop circulation system. Among the four membranes, surface‐treated... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163403 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163402&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00967.x AbstractMacrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) induces normal intestinal macrophages that have anti‐inflammatory effects. Thus, M‐CSF‐rich conditions in colonic tissues seem to contribute to the improvement of pathological conditions in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, it has not been clarified whether current therapies for IBD, including granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis using an Adacolumn, and ulinastatin, a serine protease inhibitor, affect the production of M‐CSF. To clarify the effects of these therapies on M‐CSF production, we investigated whether monocyte adsorption to cellulose acetate (CA) beads (carriers for Adacolumn therapy) and ulinastatin augmented M‐CSF production in in vitro experiments. Peripheral blood was incubated w... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163402 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163401&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00970.x AbstractIn Japan, adsorptive granulocyte/monocyte apheresis (GMA) is an approved treatment option in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD). However, there is inadequate knowledge regarding the mechanism(s) of therapeutic effects of this non‐pharmacologic treatment strategy. Further, recently we have been interested in the regulatory T‐cell (Treg) profile which has an essential immunoregulatory function. Thirteen CD patients were treated with a single GMA session. The mean CD activity index (CDAI) and duration of CD were 218.5 and 9.8 years, respectively. Eight healthy volunteers participated as a control group. From CD patients, whole blood was taken immediately before and after the GMA session directly from the GMA column inflow and outflow lines. Broad spectrum serum key cytoki... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163401 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163400&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00968.x AbstractGranulocyte/monocyte adsorption (GMA) has been introduced as an adjunct intervention for active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. The processed blood volume (PV) per GMA session is an important factor for its efficacy because depletion of elevated/activated myeloid leukocytes is its main action. Hitherto, this aspect of GMA has been largely ignored. Thirty‐three patients were enrolled for remission induction therapy with five weekly GMA sessions at a standard PV of 1800 mL, regardless of patients' bodyweight (BW). The patients were divided into three groups: high (H)BW (≥65 kg, n = 11), 50 kg ≤ medium (M)BW < 65 kg (n = 12), and low (L)BW (≤50 kg, n = 10). UC clinical activity index (CAI) was according to Lichtiger, and the clinical efficaci... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163400 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163399&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00962.x AbstractWe conducted a study to evaluate the effect of various anticoagulant agents on large‐volume leukocytapheresis using the new Cellsorba CS‐180S Filter filled with a changed solution of sodium pyrosulfite and sodium carbonate. We conducted the study on a total of 12 cases of rheumatoid arthritis. As the anticoagulant agents we used sodium citrate, nafamostat mesilate and low molecular weight heparin. The new Cellsorba CS‐180S was safely used with the various blood anticoagulant agents. Also, through adjustment of the sodium citrate percentage to the blood flow volume, it is hypothesized that it is possible to increase the neutrophil removal rate. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163399 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163398&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00963.x AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) in sepsis is characterized by an increase in microvascular permeability, resulting in pulmonary edema. Several studies have suggested that angiopoietin‐1 and ‐2 play a contributory role in the pathogenesis of ALI. Polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column hemoperfusion is effective for sepsis‐induced ALI. We investigated the angiopoietin levels before and after direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column (PMX) therapy. Enzyme‐linked immunoassay was used to measure the serum angiopoietin‐1 and ‐2 levels in 25 patients with septic shock treated with PMX. Eleven of the 25 patients were diagnosed with ALI. There was a significant positive correlation between the angiopoietin‐1 level and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, but there was a signifi... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163398 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163397&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00966.x AbstractCapillary permeability is a tightly regulated feature of microcirculation in all organ beds. In sepsis, this feature is fundamentally altered. We have previously reported elevated levels of angiopoietin‐2 in patients with septic shock, and have investigated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐related and weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), which mediates both angiogenesis and inflammation, in those patients. Enzyme‐linked immunoassay was used to measure serum TWEAK levels in 20 patients with septic shock, all of whom were treated by direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column (DHP‐PMX), and in 20 non‐septic controls. The TWEAK levels were higher in patients with septic shock (192.8 ± 230.5 pg/mL) than in controls (84.1 ± 28.7 pg/mL, P = 0.0... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163397 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163396&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00993.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163396 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163395&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01007.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163395 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163395 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163394&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01006.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163394 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163394 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163393&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01012.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163393 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163393 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163392&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01011.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163392 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163392 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163391&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.01010.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163391 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163391 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4914636&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00961.x In this study, GCAP was used to treat three patients with different types of GPP; the diagnoses indicated patient 1 had GPP, patient 2 had GPP developed from psoriasis vulgaris and patient 3 had GPP based on psoriatic erythroderma. We performed GCAP on each of these patients once a week, for a total of five times. We found that the patients' pustules and edema disappeared and their erythema was reduced by GCAP therapy. Moreover, no adverse effects were observed. Thus, we conclude GCAP could be effective for treating various types of GPP. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4914636 Mon, 06 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4914636 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4914635&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00984.x AbstractIn two patients with steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), we investigated the relationship between clinical findings during immunosuppressive therapy and multiple drug resistant gene‐1 (MDR‐1) expression. MDR‐1 was detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In a boy who initially developed SRNS at 3 years, we observed MDR‐1 expression over 3 years. Maximal and minimal MDR‐1 expression were 90 000 and 7800 copies/µg RNA, respectively. In a 4‐year‐old boy who initially developed SRNS at 3 years, we determined MDR‐1 expression over 2 years. Maximal and minimal MDR‐1 expression were 42 000 and 6900, respectively. MDR‐1 evaluation requires determination of MDR‐1 expression at several time points in a clinical course. Establishme... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4914635 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4914635 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878163&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00959.x 
The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878163 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:28:02 +0100 4878163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878162&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00958.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878162 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:28:01 +0100 4878162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878161&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00985.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878161 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:28:00 +0100 4878161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878160&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00983.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878160 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:56 +0100 4878160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878159&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00913.x AbstractTogether with Nikkiso in Shizuoka, Japan, we developed a new method for measuring the rate of vascular access recirculation by the blood volume monitor. This measurement is performed via a method of dilution that employs a marker produced by rapid ultrafiltration using a dialysis machine. In this paper, we evaluate the reliability and safety of this machine, in vitro and in vivo. The safety of this method was evaluated by investigating hemolysis after rapid ultrafiltration. The measurement of free hemoglobin, potassium and haptoglobin in the circulating blood were performed before and after rapid ultrafiltration. No data was found to indicate hemolysis in vivo, detected by an increase in potassium or a decrease in haptoglobin. Evaluation of reliability in an experimental system was... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878159 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:55 +0100 4878159 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878158&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00957.x AbstractTwo single‐lumen, noncuffed catheters in the same jugular vein have been used as preferred vascular access in our hemodialysis (HD) and apheresis patients in past years. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the clinical outcome of such a vascular access and the reasons for catheter removal. In 129 adult patients, aged 69 ± 13 years, 56% males, treated by HD (121 patients) or apheresis (8 patients), two single lumen, pre‐curved 8 Fr catheters (Medcomp, Harleysville, PA, USA) inserted into the same jugular vein were used as vascular access between January 2009 and April 2010. The catheters were inserted into the left jugular vein in 21 patients, and into the right jugular vein in 108 patients. A 30% solution of trisodium‐citrate was used as a lock... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878158 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:52 +0100 4878158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878157&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00956.x In conclusion, surgical thrombectomy after thrombosis of an AV graft in the arm or thigh, performed by interventional nephrologists and followed, if required, by angioplasty, significantly prolonged the patency of the majority of thrombosed AV grafts. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878157 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:51 +0100 4878157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878156&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00955.x We examined all 12 patients with an AV fistula in our dialysis unit. Seven were pediatric patients aged 11.0–18.9 years (mean 14.9 years) and five were adults aged 26.9–62.1 years (mean 38.6 years). Infrared thermal imaging (thermography) of their hands was performed after the completion of their regular dialysis sessions. In each patient, the spot temperature of each fingertip on both hands was assessed separately, with three measurements being performed for each measuring point. The mean spot temperature of all fingertips was calculated for each hand and the results compared. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) indicated distal perfusion insufficiency. Perfusion of the hands was also assessed by inspecting the visualized temperature distribution on the th... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878156 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:50 +0100 4878156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878155&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00954.x ABSTRACTThe aim of our study was to report our experience with arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and non‐cuffed central venous catheters (CVCs) in children and adolescents with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD). The children with ESRD (18 years or younger) who were hemodialyzed at the Center of Dialysis and Transplantation, Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, in the period between December 1998 and December 2010 were included in our retrospective study. We recorded the data considering the CVCs and AVFs used for HD. Thirty‐one children (13 females, 18 males) with ESRD received HD treatment. The mean patient age when HD was started was 13.3 ± 3.4 years. Altogether, 35 AVFs were created, and the primary failure rate was 25.7% (9/35). The time to maturation was 4.0 ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878155 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:48 +0100 4878155 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878154&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00953.x We report on six patients treated by hemodiafiltration with a high cut‐off membrane (HCO‐HDF) for myoglobinuric acute renal failure. Rhabdomyolysis was caused by infection in two patients, by a statin in one patient and a non‐traumatic crush in another, and followed cardiovascular surgery in two others. Ten HCO‐HDF procedures were performed. A high cut‐off hemofilter was used, with citrate anticoagulation and postdilutional fluid substitution of 2–3 L/h, dialysate flow 500 mL/min, and blood flow within 250–300 mL/min. Albumin losses were replaced by infusion of human albumin solution, and the mean myoglobin reduction ratio was 77% (range, 62–89%). An excellent clearance of 81 mL/min (range 42–131 mL/min) was achieved. Nearly 5 g of myoglobin was removed into t... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878154 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:47 +0100 4878154 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878153&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00952.x AbstractCitrate anticoagulation has not yet been described for hemodiafiltration (HDF) with high cut‐off (HCO) membranes, which can be used in the treatment of cast nephropathy secondary to multiple myeloma. A 57‐year‐old male patient with multiple myeloma and acute renal failure was treated with HDF using a HCO membrane (Theralite) each or every other day. Due to thrombocytopenia, citrate anticoagulation was done for the first 7 h, and anticoagulant‐free HDF was performed for the last hour to avoid citrate accumulation. Magnesium, phosphate, and albumin were measured after 3, 6, and 8 h, and were replaced as necessary. Thirty‐two post‐dilution HDF procedures (8 h each, infusate 24 L) were performed with blood flow at 300–330 mL/h; sodium citrate 4% was infused at 3... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878153 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:47 +0100 4878153 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878152&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00951.x AbstractIn some cases, long‐term (>3 months) citrate anticoagulation is needed in maintenance hemodialysis patients due to a persistent bleeding risk. In this retrospective observational study, we present our experience and assess its safety and effects on mineral and bone disorder parameters. Sixteen patients (mean age 67 ± 15 years) were treated with long‐term citrate anticoagulation. The indications were: recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in nine patients, heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia, retroperitoneal hematoma, chronic subdural hematoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, vascular malformations in the brain in one patient, and others in two patients. Metabolic complications and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were analyzed. Citrate anticoagulation was performe... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878152 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:45 +0100 4878152 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878151&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00950.x AbstractCarotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is an important predictor of cardiovascular events in the general population and also in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In the general population, cfPWV is strongly associated with age and blood pressure (BP). The best timing and method of BP measurement in HD patients is uncertain. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM) have been used to better define the relationship between BP, target organ damage, and outcomes in HD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the possible association between cfPWV, cardiovascular risk factors, single BP measurements, and 48‐hour ABPM in chronic HD patients. Thirty‐three HD patients (22 men, 11 women) were included. After the end of the mid‐week HD session, BP was measured, arterial st... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878151 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:45 +0100 4878151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878150&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00949.x AbstractFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis is sometimes associated with a circulating permeability factor. It was proposed that this factor interacts with the sugars of the glycocalyx, and its high affinity for galactose was shown on the basis of chromatographic studies. Galactose inactivates it and seems to lead to its clearance from plasma. A toddler with a nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroids was admitted. A renal biopsy revealed minimal change disease with deposition of immunoglobulin M. Immunosuppressive therapy with pulses of cyclophosphamide, low‐dose combination immunosuppressive therapy, and later with mycophenolate mofetil failed to induce remission. A renal biopsy six years later showed transformation to FSGS. After unsuccessful treatment with monthly pulses of cycl... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878150 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:44 +0100 4878150 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878149&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00948.x AbstractDespite the fact that the serum creatinine level is notoriously unreliable for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the elderly, the serum creatinine concentration and serum creatinine‐based formulas, such as the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation (MDRD) are the most commonly used markers to estimate GFR. Recently, serum cystatin C‐based formulas, the newer creatinine formula (the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula (CKD‐EPI creatinine formula), and an equation that uses both serum creatinine and cystatin C (CKD‐EPI creatinine and cystatin formula) were proposed as new GFR markers. The aim of our study was to compare the MDRD formula, CKD‐EPI creatinine formula, CKD‐EPI creatinine and cystatin formula, and simple ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878149 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:43 +0100 4878149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878148&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00947.x AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and efficacy of renal anemia treated with epoetin in maintenance kidney transplant recipients in Slovenia. By the end of 2009, 107 out of 537 patients (19.9%) had been treated with epoetin. A cohort of 49 patients (45.8%) were analyzed in detail: 11 patients received epoetin alfa, 18 epoetin beta, 10 darbepoetin alfa, and 10 patients received methoxy polyethylene glycol‐epoetin beta. The median epoetin dose was 0.36 µg/kg body weight per week. The median serum laboratory parameters were as follows: hemoglobin 120 g/L, hematocrit 0.36, ferritin 332 ng/mL, transferrin saturation 34%, serum creatinine 145 µmol/L, serum albumin 41 g/L, intact parathyroid hormone 79 ng/L, and C‐reactive protein 3 mg/L. We concluded ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878148 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:43 +0100 4878148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878147&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00946.x AbstractSevere peritonitis causing death and/or technique termination (catheter explanted) is one of the most devastating complications of peritoneal dialysis (PD). The aim of this case series study was to reveal the predictors of risk and clinical characteristics of these cases. We included 38 patients with either peritonitis causing death (18 patients, 47%) or catheter removal (20 patients, 53%) in the period 1996–2006. Their last clinical, laboratory and peritoneal equilibration test data before the peritonitis episode and hospitalization data after the start of peritonitis were reviewed. Their median (range) age was 66 (25–85) years, 61% were male, and the median PD duration was 60 (1–144) months. Baseline C‐reactive protein (17.5 ± 19.1 mg/L) was substantially highe... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878147 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:42 +0100 4878147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878146&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00945.x AbstractKidney transplantation is considered the best renal replacement therapy (RRT) for patients with end‐stage renal disease; nevertheless, some dialysis patients refuse to be transplanted. The aim of our registry‐based, cross‐sectional study was to compare kidney transplant candidates to dialysis patients refusing transplantation. Data were collected from the Slovenian Renal Replacement Therapy Registry database, as of 31 December 2008. Demographic and some RRT data were compared between the groups. There were 1448 dialysis patients, of whom 1343 were treated by hemodialysis and 105 by peritoneal dialysis (PD); 132 (9%) were on the waiting list for transplantation, 208 (14%) were preparing for enrollment (altogether 340 [23%] dialysis patients were kidney transplant candidates); ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878146 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:41 +0100 4878146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878145&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00944.x In this study we analyzed this subgroup of dialysis patients based on the data from the Slovenian Renal Replacement Therapy Registry. Patients starting dialysis after graft failure in the period between 2004 and 2008 were identified from the registry. Demographic, clinical and treatment data, as well as survival were compared to incident dialysis patients, who were on the waiting list or preparing for enrollment. There were 49 patients starting dialysis after 7.9 ± 6.4 years spent with a functioning graft and a total of 13.7 ± 7.4 years on renal replacement therapy. Their mean age was 48.3 ± 11.0 years (vs. 48.2 ± 13.9 years in incident patients, P = 0.96), 53% were male, and all were on hemodialysis. By the end of 2008, 8 (16%) patients had been re‐transp... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878145 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:41 +0100 4878145 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878144&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00943.x This study suggests that a longer RRT duration negatively impacts on post‐transplant patient and graft survival; however, when pretransplant patient survival is accounted for, RRT duration has no significant effect on patient outcome. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878144 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:40 +0100 4878144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878143&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00942.x This report provides a summary of the 2008 Slovenian Renal Replacement Therapy Registry Annual Report. Data on renal replacement therapy (RRT) were obtained from 20 dialysis centers and one transplant center, referring 31 December 2008, with 100% response rate to individual patient questionnaires. Slovenia has a population of approximately two million. The total number of patients treated by RRT was 1967, i.e. 968 per million of population (pmp), a 3.7% increase compared to 2007. In total, 1343 (68.3%) were treated by hemodialysis, 105 (5.3%) by peritoneal dialysis, and 519 (26.4%) had a functioning kidney graft. A total of 235 incident patients, 116 pmp (at day one), started RRT: their median age was 67 years, 61.8% were men, and 28% were diabetics. Regarding hemodialysis patients, 77... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878143 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:39 +0100 4878143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878142&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00941.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878142 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:39 +0100 4878142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878141&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00982.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878141 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:38 +0100 4878141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878140&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00981.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878140 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:37 +0100 4878140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4878139&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00940.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4878139 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:27:37 +0100 4878139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865086&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00960.x AbstractAnti‐neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity is seen in some systemic necrotizing vasculitides. Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis are among the ANCA‐associated systemic vasculitides (AASV) and mortality is very high when renal failure occurs together with alveolar hemorrhage. The role of plasmapheresis in the treatment of these diseases has been studied retrospectively. Twelve patients with AASV who had plasmapheresis together with immunosuppressive medications have been involved. Primary diseases, immunosuppressive protocols, the number of plasmapheresis sessions, the amount of plasma that has been exchanged, urea and creatinine levels before and after treatment, pulmonary findings, the need for hemodialysis, and the outcome of patients were rec... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865086 Thu, 26 May 2011 17:27:05 +0100 4865086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865094&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00930.x This article explains theoretical considerations of prescribing plasmapheresis. It is important to consider several factors in prescribing apheresis: (i) the properties of pathogenic substances, such as molecular weight, distribution volume, compartment, and production rate; (ii) therapeutic conditions such as the processed plasma volume and the frequency of processing; and (iii) the patient's condition, such as active bleeding or infection. A substance's molecular weight determines whether it can be removed using a particular membrane filter. Substances with a small distribution volume and low production rate are removed. Consequently, the processed volume per total plasma volume is related to the single‐session efficacy. Nevertheless, even frequent therapy cannot reduce the total pool ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865094 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865093&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00931.x AbstractCorrecting anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to higher hemoglobin (Hb) levels may be associated with increased risk. No optimal target for Hb has been established. This controlled study examined 321 patients with CKD who were not on dialysis, had a Hb level of <10 g/dL, and a serum creatinine of 2.0 to 6.0 mg/dL. They were randomized into two target Hb groups: 161 to high Hb (11.0–13.0 g/dL) to receive darbepoetin alfa and low Hb to 160 (9.0–11.0 g/dL) to receive recombinant erythropoietin. The study lasted 48 weeks. Of 154 and 153 patients with adverse events, cardiovascular adverse events developed in 42 and 51 patients in the high and low Hb groups, respectively, with no significant difference in the incidence. All quality of life scores impro... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865093 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865092&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00932.x This study was carried out to show the natural history of mineral metabolism in recipients after living‐donor kidney transplantation and also to clarify post‐transplant risk factors of persistent hypercalcemia and/or hypophosphatemia at 12 months after transplantation. Living‐donor kidney transplant recipients (N = 34) at Tokyo Women's Medical University were prospectively and consecutively recruited. Parameters of MBD, including intact parathyroid hormone and full‐length fibroblast growth factor 23, were followed. Serum calcium levels increased until the fourth week post‐transplantation, after which it reached a plateau; and serum phosphate decreased substantially at one week post‐kidney transplantation, but recovered to the reference level at two months. Fibroblast gr... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865092 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865091&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00935.x In conclusion, antiplatelet medications can induce bleeding events more frequently in hemodialysis patients, especially in those with DM, than in non‐hemodialysis patients, and such agents should be given only under prudent consideration of the associated risks and benefits. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865091 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865090&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00936.x The objective of the present study is to clarify the significance of the LP in maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients, especially in terms of MBL levels. Two hundred and forty‐four HD patients who had been followed up for 74 ± 84 months and 199 healthy controls were included in this study. Measurements of serum concentrations of MBL, L‐ficolin, and MASP‐2 were performed. Low serum MBL levels (<0.1 µg/mL) in the patients were confirmed by examination of a point mutation in the Mbl‐2 gene. Seventeen HD patients (7%) and 20 healthy controls (10%) had MBL deficiency. During the follow‐up period, 99 patients died. There was no significant difference in the frequency of deaths by infectious diseases between MBL deficient and non‐deficient patients. In both patients and h... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865090 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865089&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00937.x AbstractDialysis‐related amyloidosis (DRA) is one of the major complications often seen in long‐term dialysis patients, and is one of the factors that decreases quality of life. β2‐microglobulin (β2‐m) is considered to be a major pathogenic factor in dialysis‐related amyloidosis. The Lixelle adsorbent column, with various capacities, has been developed to adsorb β2‐m from the circulating blood of patients with dialysis‐related amyloidosis. Using a minimum type of β2‐m‐adsorbing column (Lixelle S‐15), we evaluated its therapeutic efficacy and safety in dialysis patients. Seventeen hemodialysis patients with DRA were treated with the S‐15 column for one year. Treatment was performed three times a week in this study. During the study period, pinch strength, visual an... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865089 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865088&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00938.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865088 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4865087&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00939.x AbstractThe outcomes of surgical and endovascular treatments for thrombosed access fistulas are variable and provide no definitive indications for treatment choice. We purposed to review our experience in treating thrombosed radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and to evaluate the outcome of procedures, including proximal neo‐anastomosis (NEO), replacement of the stenosed segment with a polytetrafluoroethylene graft (GI), patch angioplasty (PA), and endovascular procedures (such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty [PTA]). A total of 117 occluded radiocephalic AVFs were treated by surgery or an endovascular procedure from January 2002 to December 2007. We evaluated the rates of initial success, re‐thrombosis, the post‐interventional five‐year patency rate, and temporary ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4865087 Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4865087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843449&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00929.x AbstractIn addition to renal osteodystrophy, postmenopausal women on hemodialysis are at high risk for osteoporosis. Recent studies reported the effects of raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator for osteoporosis, in postmenopausal women. The present study evaluated the efficacy of raloxifene and its effects on bone mineral metabolism in postmenopausal Japanese patients on dialysis. In a prospective, multicentre study, 17 postmenopausal women on chronic hemodialysis with severe osteoporosis (bone mineral density [BMD]≤2 SD by bone densitometry) were treated with 60 mg/day raloxifene hydrochloride for 12 months. The study also included 10 age‐matched control women. Vitamin D and calcium salts were not changed during the study. Intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum c... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843449 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:58 +0100 4843449 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843448&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00928.x AbstractA novel, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay that exclusively measures full‐length parathyroid hormone (PTH), called Elecsys PTH (1–84) assay, is currently under development for clinical use. We measured serum PTH levels using this novel assay, as well as the Elecsys Intact PTH assay and the Whole PTH immunoradiometric assay, in 53 hemodialysis patients who participated in a 52‐week clinical trial of cinacalcet. At baseline, serum PTH (1–84) levels measured with the Elecsys PTH (1–84) assay and those with the Whole PTH assay were comparable, and both values were significantly lower than Elecsys Intact PTH levels. After 52 weeks of cinacalcet treatment, Elecsys PTH (1–84) levels and Whole PTH levels decreased significantly by 56% and 60% from baseline, respectively. T... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843448 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:58 +0100 4843448 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843447&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00927.x AbstractFor uremic patients, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes suggest that parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels should be maintained within approximately 2–9 times the upper normal limit for the assay. One of reasons for the lack of definite approximate PTH values is the inability to use the Allegro Intact PTH assay from Nicols. We aimed to evaluate whether other parathyroid hormone assays were suitable for these assessments. We compared the parathyroid hormone concentrations measured with five commercial immunoassays by using three serum pools and seven artificially spiked samples of parathyroid hormone; the Total Intact parathyroid hormone assay was used as the reference assay. Although the results of parathyroid hormone assays showed high correlation, the concentrations differed ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843447 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:57 +0100 4843447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843446&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00926.x AbstractThe standard measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the intact PTH (iPTH) assay, which is used for approximately 90% of Japanese dialysis patients. The iPTH assay reacts not only with 1–84 PTH, but also with large truncated fragments of non‐1–84 PTH, including 7–84 PTH. On the other hand, the whole PTH assay is specific for 1–84 PTH. The aim of the current study was to define the validity of both whole and intact PTH assays. A total of 738 hemodialysis patients were enrolled from twelve dialysis services. The serum PTH level was evaluated by both intact and whole PTH assays simultaneously. Non‐1–84 PTH was determined by subtracting the whole PTH value from that of the intact PTH assay. The median level of whole PTH was 121 pg/mL, and that of iPTH was ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843446 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:57 +0100 4843446 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843445&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00925.x AbstractParathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism has been associated with a survival benefit, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We are reporting on an 88‐year‐old female patient who had high serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone levels associated with an enlarged parathyroid gland. A parathyroidectomy was performed due to a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. After the surgery, there was a marked decrease in the oxidative stress markers, such as the ratios of oxidized to unoxidized albumin and advanced oxidation protein products. These results suggest that parathyroidectomy reduces oxidative stress in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, which may in part explain the reduced risk for cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality after parathyroidectomy. (Source: Therape... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843445 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:56 +0100 4843445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843444&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00924.x AbstractCinacalcet hydrochloride (cinacalcet) has been reported to be efficacious for patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). We experienced five patients with THPT requiring parathyroidectomy (PTx) because of resistance to cinacalcet treatment and investigated their clinical characteristics and clinical course. The maximum diameter of the parathyroid gland estimated by ultrasonography before renal transplantation was evaluated. Serum total calcium, phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine (Cr) levels were investigated every three months after the administration of cinacalcet and at PTx. After surgery, the Cr levels were followed. In all five patients, at least one parathyroid gland had a largest diameter of more than 1 cm, and ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843444 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:55 +0100 4843444 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843443&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00922.x In conclusion, hyperplastic parathyroid cells in nodules have an autonomous proliferation mechanism similar to that of cancer, in which C/EBPβ is upregulated and phosphorylated to interact with the oncogenic Ras/MAPK pathway. C/EBPβ may be a novel target molecule for blocking the growth circuit that underlies parathyroid tumorigenesis in secondary hyperparathyroidism. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843443 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:54 +0100 4843443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843442&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00923.x AbstractA quantitative histological analysis of biopsied bone samples is currently regarded as the gold standard for a diagnosing procedure for bone diseases associated with chronic kidney disease‐related mineral and bone disorder. Conventionally, “bone cell activities” and “bone mineralization” are applied as two independent assessment axes, and the histology results are classified into five categories according to these axes. Recently, a new bone histology classification system called the Turnover‐Mineralization‐Volume system, which applied “cancellous bone volume” as another major assessing axis, was advocated; however, both classification systems have many unsolved problems. Clinicians must realize the limitations in evaluating bone metabolism by bone histology. We wi... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843442 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:54 +0100 4843442 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843441&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00921.x AbstractVascular calcification is the most important cause of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Medial layer vascular calcification, which is recognized to be an active process (i.e. the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast‐like cells), is common in CKD patients. We have recently reported the possibility of an interaction between elastin degradation and medial layer vascular calcification. Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), which induces the degradation of elastin, has been implicated in the elastic calcification in arteries of dialysis patients; however, the precise mechanisms by which elastin degradation interacts with the development of vascular calcification remain to be studied. To clarify the mechanisms by which ela... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843441 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:53 +0100 4843441 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843440&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00920.x AbstractVitamin D deficiency is associated with various medical conditions including musculoskeletal disorders, infection, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular disease. Megalin and cubilin, endocytic receptors in proximal tubule cells, are involved in the reabsorption of vitamin D binding protein from glomerular filtrates and the subsequent intracellular conversion of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 to biologically active 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3. Dysfunction of these receptors, which is commonly found in patients with diabetic nephropathy, even at early stages, may explain why vitamin D deficiency is often complicated in these patients. Therapeutic strategies to protect the functions of these receptors from injury could be used to prevent vitamin D deficiency and its related disorders. (Sour... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843440 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:52 +0100 4843440 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843439&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00919.x In conclusion, a high bone‐turnover condition seems to be associated with the promotion of osteoblastic apoptosis in dialysis patients. This finding may explain the fact that osteopenia develops faster in CKD patients with high turnover of bone. (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843439 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:52 +0100 4843439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843438&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00918.x AbstractNo study has reported the current status of the management of chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder (CKD–MBD) in Japan. Using the Osaka Vitamin D Study in CKD (OVIDS–CKD), we examined the prevalence of patients with serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), or 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels outside the target of KDOQI guidelines. Eighty‐four percent of the patients had 25‐hydroxyvitamin D <30 ng/mL. Significant determinants of poor vitamin D status were female gender, diabetes, high PTH, and high urinary protein (2+ or greater). The percentage of patients with intact PTH higher than the target was 8% in CKD stage 3a, while between 20–22% in stages 3b to 5. The patients indicated for ergocalciferol were 7, 18, and 19% in stages 3a, 3b, and 4, respectiv... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843438 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:51 +0100 4843438 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4843437&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00917.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4843437 Fri, 20 May 2011 16:53:50 +0100 4843437 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5163390&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00912.x The following article from Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, “Individualization of Nadroparin Doses in Hemodialyzed Patients” by Milenka Sain, Dragan Ljutic, Vedran Kovacic, Josipa Radic and Ivo Jelicic (DOI: 10.1111/j.1744‐9987.2011.00912.x), posted online on 18 April 2011 in Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the editorial board of Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.The retraction has been made as data in the article submitted to Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis were also included in the article published in Hemodialysis International in January 2011 and represents a redundancy. The article was received at Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis in January 2010 and at Hem... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5163390 Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5163390 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4726545&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00912.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4726545 Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4726545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4726544&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00915.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4726544 Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4726544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4759702&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00914.x AbstractThe removal of doripenem by hemodialysis was studied in six hemodialysis patients. Following an intravenous drip infusion of 0.5 g of doripenem, plasma concentrations of the drug were measured. The decrease in drug concentrations in plasma was observed during various periods of non‐hemodialysis, and hemodialysis accelerated the elimination of doripenem. For example, the calculated mean half‐life during hemodialysis was significantly shorter than that during non‐hemodialysis periods (P = 0.002). The calculated pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that the mean rate of decrease in plasma concentration due to hemodialysis alone was 56.12 ± 8.11%. Upon obtaining these results and several pharmacokinetic parameters, we attempted to optimize the dosing regimen of doripen... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4759702 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4759702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4726543&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00916.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4726543 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4726543 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4623430&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00934.x 
The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4623430 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 17:39:37 +0100 4623430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4623429&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00933.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4623429 Wed, 23 Mar 2011 17:39:37 +0100 4623429 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571855&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00908.x We examined the values of β2‐microglobulin in the serum of 51 healthy subjects aged 40–86 years using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay AxSYM β2‐microglobulin test. The reference values of β2‐microglobulin according to the nonparametric statistical method is 0.95–2.73 mg/L. A correlation was found between β2‐microglobulin and age: 40–50 years (0.94–1.54 mg/L), 51–65 years (0.96–2.62 mg/L), and >65 years (1.13–2.84 mg/L). There was no significant statistical difference of β2‐microglobulin between genders (P > 0.05); however, there was a statistically significant difference between the concentration of β2‐microglobulin and the subjects' age. (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ρ = 0.66; P < 0.01). A direct correlat... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571855 Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4503235&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00884.x AbstractIndoxyl sulfate, an extensively investigated uremic toxin, is involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent clinical data indicate that serum levels of indoxyl sulfate are a powerful predictor of overall and cardiovascular mortality. Under CKD conditions, indoxyl sulfate induces oxidative stress, which involves the production of excessive levels of reactive oxygen species in renal tubular cells, mesangial cells, vascular endothelial cells, and osteoblast cells. In contrast, our recent findings explain, at least in part, the role that indoxyl sulfate plays in protecting against oxidative stress under normal‐physiological conditions. Namely, under CKD conditions, the pro‐oxidant properties of indoxyl sulfate exceed its anti‐oxidant properties. These findin... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4503235 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4503235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4503234&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00888.x AbstractChronic kidney disease has a high level of oxidative stress, a phenomenon that is induced, at least in part, by the accumulation of uremic toxins. Several reports have revealed that indoxyl sulfate, one of the uremic toxins, accelerates oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. On the other hand, it is also well known that statins have pleiotropic effects; however, it still remains unclear whether statins suppress osteoblastic cell dysfunction or cytotoxicity induced by uremic toxins. To elucidate whether statins ameliorate osteoblast dysfunction induced by uremic toxins, we conducted an in vitro study using primary cultured osteoblastic cells from mouse calvariae. Indoxyl sulfate induced reactive oxygen species production and reduced cell viability in osteoblastic cells in a dos... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4503234 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4503234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4503233&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00905.x AbstractThe aim of the present study was to develop a novel questionnaire evaluating disability in the activities of daily living in the upper extremities of hemodialysis (HD) patients (QDUE‐HD). We recruited 83 patients (40 males and 43 females) aged 66 ± 8 years, and measured their muscle strength and range of motion in the upper extremities. Moreover, 14 patients performed a six‐week exercise training regimen (the exercise group) and were compared with 15 patients not performing such training (the control group). In an initial questionnaire consisting of 37 items, 30 were taken from the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and the Activities of Daily Living Test, and the remaining seven were selected from activities that HD patients perceived as impossible... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4503233 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4503233 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4503232&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00907.x The objective of this study is to examine the usefulness of access closure in hemodialysis patients with refractory heart failure and to identify possible factors associated with symptomatic improvements. The study population comprised 33 hemodialysis patients with symptomatic heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class ≥II), who underwent arteriovenous access closure (30 fistulas and three grafts) between 1991 and 2008. In all patients, heart failure was refractory to all possible medical and surgical treatments, and persisted after optimal dry weight control. First, short‐term changes in hemodynamics, clinical symptoms and echocardiographic morphology were examined. Second, clinical and echocardiographic parameters were compared between responders (N = 23), who demonst... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4503232 Sun, 20 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4503232 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571854&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00909.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571854 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4562206&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00891.x AbstractUremic toxins are associated with various disorders in patients with end‐stage renal disease and it is difficult to remove some of these toxins by dialysis. Since some uremic toxins are generated by bacterial metabolites in the colon, oral adsorbents that interfere with the absorption of uremic toxins or their precursors are believed to prevent their accumulation in the body. AST‐120 adsorbs various uremic retention solutes in the gastrointestinal system and has potential for providing clinical benefit. Sevelamer hydrochloride binds some harmful compounds in addition to phosphate and seems to have pleiotropic effects that include lowering serum LDL cholesterol levels and reduction of inflammation. The effect of sevelamer hydrochloride on indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol has been ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4562206 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4562206 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4537123&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00906.x AbstractSecondary hyperparathyroidism is common in patients with mineral and bone disorders related to chronic kidney disease. Guidelines for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients have been promulgated, but evidence on the relationship between treatment and survival is still insufficient. Studying hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, we have three goals: (i) to record the characteristics of those patients and variations in the patterns of their treatment; (ii) to analyze factors associated with variations in those medical practice patterns; and (iii) to identify the practice patterns and other factors that affect hospitalization, mortality, and other patient‐level outcomes. This is a three‐year prospective observational study with... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4537123 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4537123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4518598&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00904.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4518598 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4518598 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4503231&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00887.x AbstractTumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and oxidative stress are considered to play crucial roles in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. “Uremic toxins” detected in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) could cause impaired signal transduction and dysfunction in many organs. Since phenylacetic acid (PAA), identified as one of the uremic toxins, has an inhibiting property of monocytes as well as osteoblastic cells, we examined the effects of PAA on TNF‐α secretion and oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. In human aortic endothelial cells, TNF‐α secretion was assessed after treatment with PAA using an ELISA kit and following the manufacturer's instructions. For determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in the cultu... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4503231 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4503231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4412560&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00911.x 
The ISFA wishes to acknowledge the following 2011 Corporate Sponsors (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4412560 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 16:07:42 +0100 4412560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4412559&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2011.00910.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4412559 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 16:07:41 +0100 4412559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4412558&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00857.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4412558 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 16:07:40 +0100 4412558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4412557&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00856.x In this study we compared the AR incidence rates between SDT and RDT according to their immunological risk. We performed RDT in 279 and SDT in 100 patients, a total of 379 cases, between 2000 and 2008; 48.7% of RDT and 67.0% of SDT cases were considered to be at a high immunological risk and underwent preoperative desensitization (P = 0.002). Even though the AR incident rate of SDT was higher than RDT in the low immunological risk group, in which the patients had undergone transplantation without desensitization (RDT 24.4%, SDT 37.0%, P = 0.012), there was no significant difference between the two donor type groups in the high immunological risk group, in which transplantation with desensitization occurred (RDT 21.3%, SDT 31.3%, P > 0.05). Preoperative administration of ritu... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4412557 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 16:07:38 +0100 4412557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4412556&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00903.x AbstractHemolytic‐uremic syndrome (HUS) is a disease that can lead to acute kidney injury and often to other serious sequelae, including death. The disease is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. In view of the different courses of HUS, a minimum of three different pathogenetic types leading to HUS can be subdivided as follows: HUS caused by infection, idiopathic HUS (non‐Shiga toxin HUS), and HUS in systemic diseases and after toxin exposure. The etiology and pathogenesis of HUS are not completely understood and its therapy is complicated. After the introduction of therapeutic apheresis as a supportive therapy in HUS, several authors reported successful treatment in more than 87% of treated patients. The supportive therapy is i... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4412556 Sat, 29 Jan 2011 16:07:33 +0100 4412556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395514&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00881.x (Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis) Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395514 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395514 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395513&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00882.x AbstractIndoxyl sulfate, a nephrovascular uremic toxin, is markedly accumulated in the serum of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Because of its protein binding ability, its removal by hemodialysis is not as efficient as that of non‐protein bound uremic toxins. AST‐120 delays the progression of CKD by adsorbing indole, a precursor of indoxyl sulfate, in the intestines, and consequently reduces the serum levels of indoxyl sulfate. Indoxyl sulfate exhibits cellular toxicity in renal tubular cells, glomerular mesangial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, cardiac myocytes, and osteoblasts by inducing oxidative stress. Indoxyl sulfate stimulates the progression of CKD by increasing the expression of fibrogenic genes such as transforming growth factor‐β1 ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395513 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395513 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395512&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00883.x AbstractSeveral abnormalities of the cardiovascular system are observed in most cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mechanisms underlying these abnormalities are complicated, and several factors contribute to their pathogenesis. Of these factors, oxidative stress and uremic toxins are considered to play key roles in the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in CKD. Oxidative stress increases significantly in CKD and accelerates proteinuria and renal dysfunction. In addition, oxidative stress has been reported to induce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, has recently been suggested to play a crucial role in the development of CVD. Recent in vitro data suggest that indoxyl sulfate increases oxidative stress. Some reports have shown that AST‐120, whi... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395512 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395512 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395511&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00885.x AbstractUremic syndrome is attributed to the progressive retention of a large number of compounds, such as indoxyl sulfate, which under physiological conditions are excreted by the kidneys. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated that uremic indoxyl sulfate concentrations induce a weak increase in the proliferation of both rat and human vascular aortic smooth muscle cells (hVASMC) after short term exposition to the toxin (i.e. 24 h). In the present study, we evaluated indoxyl sulfate effects on the proliferation of hVASMC at three different concentrations after long‐term exposure (seven days). In contrast to previously published studies, we observed a dose‐dependent and significant inhibitory effect of this toxin on hVASMC proliferation. We also demonstrated that indoxyl sulfate ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395511 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395510&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00886.x AbstractVascular calcification is frequent in patients with chronic kidney disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG, a soluble factor which blocks osteoclast differentiation) has recently been implicated in the genesis of vascular calcification. Given that OPG can bind the pro‐apoptotic tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL), we hypothesized that the TRAIL protein is involved in the formation of vascular calcification both in vitro and in vivo. Using an immunohistochemical approach, we evaluated TRAIL and OPG expression on aortic valves slides from non‐uremic and uremic wild type and apolipoprotein knockout (Apo E−/−) mice. We also tested the in vitro effects of TRAIL on cultured primary human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC). We further assayed serum soluble ... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395510 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395510 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4395509&cid=s_29471_19_f&fid=29471&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1744-9987.2010.00889.x AbstractFrom the perspective of free cysteine residue (Cys‐34), human serum albumin (HSA) comprises a mixture of human mercaptoalbumin (HMA), in which the Cys‐34 is not oxidized, human non‐mercaptoalbumin (HNA)‐1, which has a disulfide bond that can be reversibly oxidized, mainly by cysteine, and HNA‐2, which is strongly oxidized to form sulfinic (‐SO2H) or sulfonic (‐SO3H) species. We have developed a convenient high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system for the clear separation of HSA into HMA, HNA‐1 and HNA‐2, and we have studied the dynamic changes of HSA‐redox under various states of chronic kidney disease, in both a clinical and an experimental setting. In this article, we discuss the relationship between HSA‐redox (especially the decrease of the re... Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4395509 Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4395509