MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 14:04:33 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5659931&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fthe-use-of-preexposure-treatments-for-hiv-prophylaxis-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Majid A, Redfield RR, Gilliam BL (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5659931 Sun, 05 Feb 2012 18:29:46 +0100 5659931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5582069&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Freview-of-the-safety-efficacy-and-pharmacokinetics-of-elvitegravir-wit-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Lee JSF, Calmy A, Andrieux-Meyer I, Ford N (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5582069 Fri, 13 Jan 2012 23:22:35 +0100 5582069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5525011&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fhiv-infection-and-hepatitis-b-seroprevalence-among-antenatal-clinic-at-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Mamadou S, Ide M, Maazou ARA, Aoula B, Labo S, Bozari M (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5525011 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 06:57:01 +0100 5525011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5505086&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Flipodystrophy-in-hiv-patients-its-challenges-and-management-approaches-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Singhania R, Kotler DP (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5505086 Fri, 16 Dec 2011 06:55:11 +0100 5505086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487028&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Ftrue-story-about-hiv-theory-of-viral-sequestration-and-reserve-infecti-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Barasa S (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487028 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 07:06:04 +0100 5487028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5487027&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fosteopenia-and-osteoporosis-in-people-living-with-hiv-multiprofessiona-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Lima AL, Oliveira PR, Plapler PG, Marcolino FM, Meirelles ES, Sugawara A, Gobbi RG, Godoy-Santos AL, Camanho GL (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5487027 Sat, 10 Dec 2011 07:06:04 +0100 5487027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5324163&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fhiv-voluntary-counseling-and-testing-practices-among-military-personne-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Azuogu BN, Ogbonnaya LU, Alo CN (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5324163 Tue, 18 Oct 2011 06:49:19 +0100 5324163 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5196613&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fseroprevalence-of-toxoplasma-gondii-igg-antibody-in-hiv-infected-patie-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Osunkalu VO, Akanmu AS, Ofomah NJ, Onyiaorah IV, Adediran AA, Akinde RO, Onwuezobe IA (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5196613 Wed, 07 Sep 2011 00:28:19 +0100 5196613 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5070384&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fhiv-related-risk-perception-among-female-sex-workers-in-nigeria-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Ankomah A, Omoregie G, Akinyemi Z, Anyanti J, Ladipo O, Adebayo S (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5070384 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 03:02:07 +0100 5070384 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5030627&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Frole-of-raltegravir-in-the-management-of-hiv-1-infection-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Okeke NL, Hicks C (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5030627 Sat, 16 Jul 2011 16:32:40 +0100 5030627 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5020968&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fgrowth-hormone-and-tesamorelin-in-the-management-of-hiv-associated-lip-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Bedimo R (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5020968 Wed, 13 Jul 2011 16:51:32 +0100 5020968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4986348&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fparticipation-of-women-in-hiv-clinical-trials-the-ipec-fiocruz-experie-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Lake JE, Friedman RK, Cunha CB, Cardoso SW, Veloso VG, Currier JS, Grinsztejn B (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4986348 Fri, 01 Jul 2011 17:28:56 +0100 4986348 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4977858&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fcharacteristics-of-foot-fractures-in-hiv-infected-patients-previously--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Horizon AA, Joseph RJ, Liao Q, Ross ST, Pakes GE (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4977858 Wed, 29 Jun 2011 17:08:05 +0100 4977858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4831828&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fstrategies-to-improve-hiv-treatment-adherence-in-developed-countries-c-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Enriquez M, McKinsey DS (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4831828 Wed, 18 May 2011 17:09:53 +0100 4831828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4763784&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fsafety-efficacy-and-pharmacokinetics-of-rilpivirine-systematic-review--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Ford N, Lee J, Andrieux-Meyer I, Calmy A (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4763784 Fri, 29 Apr 2011 19:54:50 +0100 4763784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4677704&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fantimicrobial-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-opportunistic-infections-in-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Seddon J, Bhagani S (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4677704 Tue, 05 Apr 2011 16:28:55 +0100 4677704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4420187&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fantiretroviral-therapy-initiated-soon-after-hiv-diagnosis-as-standard--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Simon P Johnstone-Robertson, John Hargrove, Brian G Williams (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4420187 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 15:37:13 +0100 4420187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4406933&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fimpact-of-comorbidities-and-drug-therapy-on-development-of-renal-impai-peer-reviewed-article-HIV M Keith Rawlings, Jennifer Klein, Edna P Toubes Klingler, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4406933 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 15:40:57 +0100 4406933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4152829&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fmanagement-of-chronic-diarrhea-in-hiv-infected-patients-current-treatm-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Lidia Elfstrand, Claes-Henrik Florén (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4152829 Thu, 11 Nov 2010 02:53:15 +0100 4152829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4110250&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fatherosclerosis-pathogenesis-and-increased-occurrence-in-individuals-w-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Timothy Guilford, Devin Morris, Dennis Gray, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4110250 Fri, 29 Oct 2010 17:43:30 +0100 4110250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4032722&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fstromal-cell-derived-factor-1-polymorphism-in-patients-infected-with-h-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Sameh Amara, Jorge Domenech, Faouzi Jenhani (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4032722 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 13:24:28 +0100 4032722 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4014716&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Feffect-of-hiv-infection-on-time-to-recovery-from-an-acute-manic-episod-peer-reviewed-article-HIV E Nakimuli-Mpungu, B Mutamba, S Nshemerirwe, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4014716 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 14:09:23 +0100 4014716 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4014715&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fhuman-immunodeficiency-virus-prevalence-in-an-unbooked-obstetric-popul-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Chris I Akani, Erhabor Osaro, Dennis O Allagoa (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4014715 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 14:09:23 +0100 4014715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4014714&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fthe-effect-of-aging-nutrition-and-exercise-during-hiv-infection-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Gabriel Somarriba, Daniela Neri, Natasha Schaefer, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4014714 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 14:09:23 +0100 4014714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3974342&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fnew-and-emerging-agents-in-the-management-of-lipodystrophy-in-hiv-infe-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Eric Bonnet (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3974342 Fri, 17 Sep 2010 05:44:18 +0100 3974342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3960944&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Flong-term-treatment-of-patients-with-hiv-1-the-role-of-atazanavir-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Miguel Ángel Artacho, Pablo Barreiro, José Vicente Fernández-Montero (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3960944 Mon, 13 Sep 2010 05:57:41 +0100 3960944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3892894&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fprofile-of-maraviroc-a-ccr5-antagonist-in-the-management-of-treatment--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Thore Lorenzen (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3892894 Tue, 24 Aug 2010 05:51:20 +0100 3892894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3702401&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Frole-of-etravirine-in-the-management-of-treatment-experienced-patients-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Rolando M Viani (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3702401 Mon, 28 Jun 2010 05:32:27 +0100 3702401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3688549&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fmanagement-of-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-hiv-infected-patient-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Jose G Castro, Maya Morrison-Bryant (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3688549 Thu, 24 Jun 2010 05:31:07 +0100 3688549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3667930&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fan-update-on-the-use-of-atriplareg-in-the-treatment-of-hiv-in-the-unit-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Michael A Horberg, Daniel B Klein (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3667930 Fri, 18 Jun 2010 05:35:54 +0100 3667930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3660403&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fhiv-reservoirs-in-vivo-and-new-strategies-for-possible-eradication-of--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Nitin K Saksena, Bin Wang, Li Zhou, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3660403 Tue, 15 Jun 2010 13:09:51 +0100 3660403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3509269&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Foptimal-management-of-oropharyngeal-and-esophageal-candidiasis-in-pati-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Jose A Vazquez (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3509269 Wed, 28 Apr 2010 13:29:39 +0100 3509269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3484070&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fpredictors-of-frequency-of-condom-use-and-attitudes-among-sexually-act-peer-reviewed-article-HIV E James Essien, Osaro Mgbere, Emmanuel Monjok, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3484070 Tue, 20 Apr 2010 15:03:41 +0100 3484070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3417347&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fadherence-to-antiretroviral-therapy-in-nigeria-an-overview-of-research-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Emmanuel Monjok, Andrea Smesny, Ita B Okokon, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3417347 Tue, 30 Mar 2010 13:11:51 +0100 3417347 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3413289&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fnovel-strategies-in-the-use-of-lopinavirritonavir-for-the-treatment-of-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Beatriz Larru Martinez, F Andrew I Riordan (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3413289 Mon, 29 Mar 2010 13:10:59 +0100 3413289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3380293&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Foptimizing-management-of-treatment-naiumlve-and-treatment-experienced--peer-reviewed-article-HIV Eva Poveda, Vincent Soriano (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3380293 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 15:03:11 +0100 3380293 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3351809&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fnovel-mechanisms-of-central-nervous-system-damage-in-hiv-infection-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Joy E Hazleton, Joan W Berman, Eliseo A Eugenin (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3351809 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 14:14:57 +0100 3351809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3281185&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fis-it-safe-talking-to-teens-with-hivaids-about-death-and-dying-a-3-mon-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Maureen E Lyon, Patricia A Garvie, Linda Briggs, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3281185 Thu, 18 Feb 2010 14:08:45 +0100 3281185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3271723&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Feffect-of-once-daily-fdc-treatment-era-on-initiation-of-cart-peer-reviewed-article-HIV David M Mosen, Michael Horberg, Douglas Roblin, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3271723 Mon, 15 Feb 2010 14:06:00 +0100 3271723 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3218229&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fethanol-suppression-of-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cell-trafficking-a-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Lola C Hudson, Brenda A Colby, Rick B Meeker (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3218229 Fri, 29 Jan 2010 14:06:30 +0100 3218229 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3168877&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fthe-prevalence-of-human-immunodeficiency-virus-infection-among-tb-pati-peer-reviewed-article-HIV O Erhabor, Z A Jeremiah, T C Adias, et al (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3168877 Thu, 14 Jan 2010 14:07:00 +0100 3168877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3064455&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fpharmacologic-and-nonpharmacologic-options-for-the-management-of-hiv-i-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Carmen D Zorrilla, Vivian Tamayo-Agrait (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3064455 Tue, 08 Dec 2009 14:06:35 +0100 3064455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2974979&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Frole-of-darunavir-in-the-management-of-hiv-infection-peer-reviewed-article-HIV R Monica Lascar, Paul Benn (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2974979 Tue, 10 Nov 2009 14:06:21 +0100 2974979 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2949203&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fuse-of-videophone-technology-to-address-medication-adherence-issues-in-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Michael J Skrajner, Cameron J Camp, Jessica L Haberman, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2949203 Mon, 02 Nov 2009 14:07:37 +0100 2949203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2873494&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Flipid-nanoparticles-with-accessible-nickel-as-a-vaccine-delivery-syste-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Weili Yan, Anekant Jain, Ronan O’Carra,  Jerold G Woodward, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2873494 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 09:20:00 +0100 2873494 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2873493&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Fprofile-of-darunavir-in-the-management-of-treatment-experienced-hiv-pa-peer-reviewed-article-HIV Cameron Wolfe, Charles Hicks (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2873493 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 09:20:00 +0100 2873493 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2607561&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Flipid-nanoparticles-with-accessible-nickel-as-a-vaccine-delivery-syste-peer-reviewed-article Weili Yan, Anekant Jain, Ronan O’Carra,  Jerold G Woodward, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2607561 Fri, 17 Jul 2009 10:51:28 +0100 2607561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1496744&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2956 Conclusions: Our findings can be used to track postoperative mortality rates and to test preventative interventions at our institution and elsewhere.Keywords: postoperative mortality, risk factors, operations, anesthesia, inpatient surgery (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1496744 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 14:59:23 +0100 1496744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1496743&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2957 Khurshid Khowaja1, Rozmin Nizar1, Rashida J Merchant2, Jacqueline Dias3, Irma Bustamante-Gavino4, Amina Malik11Division of Nursing Services, 2Nursing Education Services, 3Diploma Programme, Nurudin Jivraj Professorship of Nursing, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; 4The Ahmed Shivji Professorship of Nursing, The Aga Khan University School of Nursing, Karachi, PakistanIntroduction: Administering medication is one of the high risk areas for any health professional. It is a multidisciplinary process, which begins with the doctor’s prescription, followed by review and provision by a pharmacist, and ends with preparation and administration by a nurse. Several studies have highlighted a high medication incident rate at several healthcare institutions.Methods: Our study design was expl... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1496743 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 14:59:23 +0100 1496743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1496742&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2958 Conclusions: ASPECTS is as simple, systematic approach to assessing EIC, and the inter-observer agreement is good. Patient age and diabetes mellitus influence the presence of EIC.Keywords: acute stroke, computed tomography, ischemia, thrombolysis (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1496742 Fri, 06 Jun 2008 14:59:23 +0100 1496742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1494064&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2948 This article will examine the current literature on the use of FP for the sedation of patients undergoing colonoscopy, highlighting the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, risks, and common adverse events associated with the novel sedative/hypnotic.Keywords: fospropofol, Aquavan, propofol, sedation, colonoscopy (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1494064 Thu, 05 Jun 2008 16:05:21 +0100 1494064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1487567&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2943 Ann G Neff, Matthew Turner, Diya F MutasimDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USAAbstract: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder that is characterized by subepithelial bullae. Various basement membrane zone components have been identified as targets of autoantibodies in MMP. Considerable variability exists in the clinical presentation of MMP. Mucous membranes that may be involved include the oral cavity, conjunctiva, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, genitourinary tract, and anus. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of MMP. Early recognition of this disorder and treatment may decrease disease-related complications. The choice of agents for treatment of MMP is based upon the sites of involvement, clinical... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1487567 Tue, 03 Jun 2008 17:01:52 +0100 1487567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1474692&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2936 Paul SloanUniversity of Kentucky Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lexington, KY, USAAbstract: Chronic cancer and nonmalignant pain (CNMP) is a common and major health problem afflicting approximately 40 million persons in the US. Most cancer patients, and many patients with CNMP, require opioid analgesics to obtain adequate pain relief. Oral oxymorphone is a new formulation of an existing parenteral opioid that has become available for the treatment of significant pain: acute postoperative, chronic arthritis, chronic low back, and chronic cancer pain. Oxymorphone is a typical mu-opioid agonist that is effective in both immediate- and extended-release (IR and ER) formulations. Oxymorphone is more lipid soluble than morphine, resulting in a rapid onset of action when given in ta... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1474692 Thu, 29 May 2008 15:00:00 +0100 1474692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1463443&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2926 We examined the potential risks and benefi ts of switching from olanzapine to quetiapine in mentally stable, obese, or overweight patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Patients receiving olanzapine were randomized to continuing olanzapine treatment (N = 68; 7.5–20 mg/day) or switching to quetiapine (N = 65; 300–800 mg/day). Time to relapse was the primary study objective; secondary objectives included changes in weight, metabolic parameters, and psychiatric symptoms, and discontinuation rates. No significant difference in time to relapse was observed (p = 0.293), but significantly more patients remained on treatment in the olanzapine group compared with the quetiapine group (70.6% vs 43.1%; p = 0.002). Olanzapine-treated patients had significantly lower rates... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1463443 Fri, 23 May 2008 14:51:41 +0100 1463443 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457906&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D879 In conclusion, the use of procarbazine in combination with other drugs means that it remains a major anticancer drug in the management of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and gliomas.Keywords: procarbazine, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, lymphoma, brain tumor, glioma (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457906 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457905&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D880 Maria Domenica CappelliniUniversita di Milano, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena IRCCS, Milan, ItalyAbstract: Although blood transfusions are important for patients with anemia, chronic transfusions inevitably lead to iron overload as humans cannot actively remove excess iron. The cumulative effects of iron overload lead to significant morbidity and mortality, if untreated. Although the current reference standard iron chelator deferoxamine has been used clinically for over four decades, its effectiveness is limited by a demanding therapeutic regimen that leads to poor compliance. Deferasirox (Exjade®, ICL670, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland) is a once-daily, oral iron chelator approved for the treatment of transfusional iron overload in adult an... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457905 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457905 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457904&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D881 Ira Todd CohenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USAAbstract: The introduction of 5-HT3 receptor antagonist has revolutionized the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in preschool aged children. These distressing symptoms, arising from multiple etiologies such as anesthesia, chemotherapy, and viral infection, are a major concern of patients and their families. Clinical research has demonstrated the antiemetic effectiveness of ondansetron in children. Although most of these studies focus primarily on preventing vomiting across the pediatric age group, they provide strong evidence for the use of ondansetron in preschool age children. For children at high risk, pediatric practice guidelines rec... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457904 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457904 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457903&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D882 Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: Asthma is now one of the most common chronic diseases in westernized countries and is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Key pathological features include: infiltration of the airways by activated lymphocytes and eosinophils; damage to, and loss of, the bronchial epithelium; mast cell degranulation; mucous gland hyperplasia; and collagen deposition in the epithelial sub-basement membrane area. Presently, antiinflammatory therapy in asthma is largely reliant on corticosteroids, particularly in their inhaled form, and their use is associated with a striking reduction in the numbers of activated eosinophils, mast ce... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457903 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457902&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D883 Philip Giordano1, Kurt Weber1, Gail Gesin2, Jason Kubert11Department of Emergency Medicine; 2Department of Pharmacy, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, USAAbstract: Skin and skin structure infections (SSSI) are an emerging issue in healthcare. They are responsible for increasing heathcare utilization, both in hospitalizations and intravenous antibiotic use. SSSI are caused by an evolving variety of pathogens, including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria. In combination with mounting resistance patterns, this diverse range of bacteria mandate empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage. Historically, cephalosporins and penicillins have been the mainstay of treatment, but recent data suggest newer generation fluoroquinolones are being used with increasing fre... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457902 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457902 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457901&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D884 Michael HutchinsonDepartment of Neurology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, IrelandAbstract: Natalizumab, a new disease-modifying therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), is a humanized monoclonal antibody which binds to α4β1-integrin. In a Phase 3 trial, 2 years of natalizumab monotherapy reduced the mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) by 68% compared with placebo (p < 0.001) and the risk of sustained disability progression was reduced by 42% in the natalizumab group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–0.77; p < 0.001). Natalizumab decreased the mean number of new or enlarging T2-hyperintense lesions by 83% over 2 years and the mean number of Gd+ lesions by 92% at 2 years (both p < 0.001). In another Ph... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457901 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457900&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D885 Muammer Kendirci1, Emad Salem2, Wayne JG Hellstrom21Department of Urology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USAAbstract: Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common male sexual disorder, estimated to affect up to 30% of men. Over the past one or two decades, clinical investigators have participated in an increasing number of studies that are helping in our understanding of PE, which will undoubtedly facilitate future treatments. Apart from a number of behavioral approaches, the treatment of PE consists of primarily off-label use of oral selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) via either on-demand or daily delivery. However, various undesirable side-effects of these medi... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457900 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457899&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D886 We report the very interesting results of the phase II trials after cytokin failure and of the randomized recent trial of sunitinib versus cytokin-based therapy in first-line treatment for patients with metastatic RCC, as well as the promising results of the recent trials on patients with GIST after disease progression or intolerance to imatinib mesylate therapy. Oral sunitinib demonstrates a high level of efficacy with acceptable tolerability with the 50 mg daily for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks off schedule; a continuous schedule could be of interest. Hypertension and asthenia are the most common side effects with sunitinib. Regardless of these encouraging results, studies investigating sunitinib in first-line treatment (for patients with GIST), adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings are await... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457899 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457899 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457898&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D887 Jaime A Lagos, Gailen D MarshallDivision of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USAAbstract: Allergic rhinitis is the most common atopic disorder seen in the outpatient clinic setting diagnosed by history, physical exam and objective testing. According to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) document, it is classified by chronicity (intermittent or persistent), and severity which is based on symptoms and quality of life (mild, or moderate/severe). It has enormous socioeconomic costs and significant reduction in quality of life. Allergen avoidance should be implemented, particularly in children, to reduce level of exposure; unfortunately efforts are often inadequate. Montelukast, a novel medication, is an antagonist to the... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457898 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457898 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457897&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D888 Kim A PappUniversity of Western Ontario, and K Papp Clinical Research, Waterloo, ON, CanadaAbstract: Effective treatment with etanercept results from a congregation of immunological signaling and modulating roles played by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a pervasive member of the TNF super-family of cytokines participating in numerous immunologic and metabolic functions. Macrophages, lymphocytes and other cells produce TNF as part of the deregulated immune response resulting in psoriasis or other chronic inflammatory disorders. Tumor necrosis factor is also produced by macrophages and lymphocytes responding to foreign antigens as a primary response to potential infection. Interference with cytokine signaling by etanercept yields therapeutic response. At the same time, interference... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457897 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457896&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D889 Theo ScholtenAllgemeines Krankenhaus Hagen, University of Witten/Herdecke, GermanyAbstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing disease that can progress to major complications. Affected patients have poorer health-related quality of life than the general population. As GERD requires continued therapy to prevent relapse and complications, most patients with erosive esophagitis require long-term acid suppressive treatment. Thus GERD results in a significant cost burden and poor health-related quality of life. The effective treatment of GERD provides symptom resolution and high rates of remission in erosive esophagitis, lowers the incidence of GERD complications, improves health-related quality of life, and reduces the cost of this disease. Proton pump inhibitors a... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457896 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457896 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457895&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D890 Olof SelroosSEMECO AB (Selroos Medical Consulting)Abstract: Symbicort SMART® (Symbicort Maintenance and Reliever Therapy) represents a new and unique way of treating patients with moderate-to-severe asthma, ie, those patients who require combination treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting inhaled β2-agonist. Symbicort SMART enables patients to use only one inhaler, the budesonideformoterol combination inhaler, for both maintenance and reliever therapy. The maintenance dose is adjustable, but should be a minimum of two doses per day which can be administered as two doses once daily or as one dose twice daily. It is important that the temporary reliever medication includes not only a bronchodilator but also an antiinflammatory drug because worsening of asthma incl... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457895 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457895 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457894&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D891 The objective was to compare the incidence of adverse reactions reported with three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with different cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 selectivity. All spontaneous adverse reaction notifications in the pharmacovigilance database of the World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring with aceclofenac, meloxicam, and rofecoxib that were recorded during the first year of marketing were included. The incidence rate (adverse reactions/106 defined daily dose) and 95% confidence interval for total adverse reactions was 8.7 (6.1–12.0) for aceclofenac, 24.8 (23.1–26.6) for meloxicam, and 52.6 (49.9–55.4) for rofecoxib. Aceclofenac had a lower incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, and arterial hypertension ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457894 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457894 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457893&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D892 Alberto Grossi1, Francesca Balestri2, Simone Santini31IstitutoLeonardo da Vinci – Hematology, Florence, Italy; 2Blood Transfusion Center, Azienda Sanitaria 4, Prato, Italy; 3Oncology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria 4, Prato, ItalyAbstract: Anemia is a common, but underestimated and undertreated, complication of patients with cancer receiving chemo- or radiotherapy, and negatively affects their quality of life (QoL). Erythropoietic proteins (EPS) offer an effective treatment of cancer anemia and ameliorate QoL, although their use requires the correct targeting of hemoglobin increase to avoid thromboembolic complications. Currently the effort is focused on offering patients this effective treatment with reduced frequency of administration. Higher weekly single doses of recombinant human Epo (r... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457893 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457893 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457892&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D893 Eugene B Kern1, David Sherris1, Angelos M Stergiou2, Laura M Katz2, Lisa C Rosenblatt3, Jens Ponikau11Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, NY; 2Accentia Biopharmaceuticals, New York, NY; 3Analytica International, New York, NY, USA Abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic disease that affects 14.2% of the US adult population. Despite being widespread, little is known about the etiology of CRS. Treatment has been symptomatic and focused on relieving symptoms. Recent investigations into causes of CRS have revealed that most CRS patients have an eosinophilic infiltration of their nasal tissue (mucosa), regardless of atopy and elevated immunoglobulin E levels. Although fungi are ubiquitous and in the nasal mucus of both healthy p... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457892 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457892 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457891&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1023 Merrill D Birkner1, SP Kalantri2, Vaishali Solao2, Priya Badam2, Rajnish Joshi2,3, Ashish Goel4, Madhukar Pai5, Alan E Hubbard11University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India; 3University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA; 4Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; 5Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal CanadaAbstract: Developing diagnostic scores for prediction of clinical outcomes uses medical knowledge regarding which variables are most importan... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457891 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457890&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1024 Carl Burgess1, Tristram Ingham1, Martin Woodbridge2, Mark Weatherall1, Michael Nowitz1 1Department of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand; 2Medsafe, Ministry of Health, 133 Molesworth Street, PO Box 5013, Wellington, New ZealandAbstract: Antithrombotics have been shown to decrease the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However they are associated with an increased risk of bleeding. We assessed the frequency and appropriateness of antithrombotic therapy in patients admitted to our service with stroke and AF. A retrospective case study of 219 patients (mean age 77.2 years) admitted between January 1999 and 31 December 2001 with a diagnosis of stroke and AF was done. Patient characteristics, presence of comorbid conditi... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457890 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457889&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1025 Pasquale ComellaDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Tumour Institute, Naples, ItalyAbstract: 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, with or without oxaliplatin or irinotecan, is the most widely used treatment for the metastatic as well for the adjuvant setting of colorectal cancer. These agents are administered intravenously (by bolus or infusion), thereby causing significant inconvenience to patients. Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine, has been demonstrated to be at least as effective as bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin in terms of time to disease progression, time to treatment failure, and overall survival, but achieves significantly higher response rates and has the advantage of oral administration. In addition, capecitabine has improved tolerability with a significantly lower incidence of... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457889 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457888&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1026 Lea S Eiland1, Edward H Eiland21Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, Huntsville, AL, USA; 2Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USAAbstract: On a yearly basis there are 3–5 million severe cases and 250,000–500,000 deaths worldwide attributed to influenza. Four antiviral medications are currently available on the market; however, resistance has resulted in the armamentarium being shrunk to two remaining active treatment options for influenza. These two neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and zanamivir, are recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A and B in children and adults. Zanamivir, which is the focus of this review, is an inhaled antiviral that has shown benefit in the community, household, and nursing home population for post-exposure p... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457888 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457887&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1028 Claudia Jenneck, Natalija NovakDepartment of Dermatology, University of Bonn, GermanyAbstract: Alefacept is the first biological agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. It is a full human fusion protein binding to CD2 on T cells. With its dual mechanism of action, alefacept blocks the interaction between the leukocyte-function-associated antigen (LFA)-3 and CD2 and thereby impedes the activation and proliferation of T cells. In addition, alefacept induces apoptosis of activated memory T cells. This paper presents an overview about the clinical studies on alefacept, its mechanism of action, and the results of the clinical trials focused on efficacy and safety of alefacept in different populations. Further ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457887 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457886&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1029 Arun A Kalra, Debra ElliottDepartment of Neurology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAAbstract: Migraine is a common disabling primary headache disorder. Despite the need for a perfect treatment of this debilitating condition, the ideal “cure” eludes us. In 1992, the first triptan was released in the US for use in acute migraine. Triptans are more specific for the serotonin receptor 5-hydroxy triptamine (5-HT) 1 than previously prescribed drugs, such as ergotamines, with fewer side effects. This was an important first step in specific acute migraine therapy. Today however, triptans continue to be underutilized. There remains a concern, among practitioners and patients, about possible cardiovascular safety issues, despite the lack of strong evidence of serious adver... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457886 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457886 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457885&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1030 Shimon Lecht1,3,4, Simon Haroutiunian2,4, Amnon Hoffman2, Philip Lazarovici11Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; 2Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; 3This manuscript is a part of PhD thesis to be submitted to The Hebrew University of Jerusalem by SL; 4These authors contributed equally in preparation of this manuscriptAbstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative, dopamine deficiency disorder. The main therapeutic strategies for PD treatment relies on dopamine precursors (levodopa), inhibition of dopamine metabolism (monoamine oxidase [MAO] B and catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors), and dopamine receptor agonists. Recently, a novel selective and... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457885 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457884&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1031 Francesco Locatelli1, Pietro Pozzoni1, Lucia Del Vecchio21Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy; 2Department of Hypertension and Preventive Nephrology, IRCCS Policlinico Multimedia, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), ItalyAbstract: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of the poor long-term survival of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Anemia complicating CKD not only impairs patients’ quality of life, but is also an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The availability of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has greatly changed the management of anemia in CKD patients. Besides improving hemoglobin levels, rHuEPO therapy has been demonstrated to significantly improve quality of life and decrease morbidity and morta... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457884 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457883&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1032 Bill McCarbergDirector of the Chronic Pain Management Program, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, CA, USAAbstract: Chronic, noncancer pain such as that associated with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee is typically managed according to American College of Rheumatology guidelines. Patients unresponsive to first-line treatment with acetaminophen receive nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. However, many patients may have chronic pain that is refractory to these agents, or they may be at risk for the gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular complications associated with their use. Tramadol, a mild opioid agonist and norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is recommended by current guidelines for the treatment of moderate to moder... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457883 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457882&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1033 Hrachya Nersesyan1, Konstantin V Slavin21Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA; 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: Despite tremendous progress in medicine during last couple of decades, cancer still remains the most horrifying diagnosis for anybody due to its almost inevitable futility. According to American Cancer Society Statistics, it is estimated that only in the United States more than half a million people will die from cancer in 2006. For those who survive, probably the most fearsome symptom regardless of cancer type will be the pain. Although most pain specialists and oncologists worldwide are well aware of the importance to adequately treat the pain, it was yet established that more than ha... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457882 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457882 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457881&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1034 Fabio Pace1, Stefano Pallotta1, Stefania Casalini2, Gabriele Bianchi Porro11Division of Gastroenterology, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Milan, Italy; 2Medical Department, Janssen Cilag Italy, Milan, ItalyAbstract: Rabeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. Pharmacodynamic data show rabeprazole can achieve optimal acid suppression since the first administration and can maintain this advantage in the following days of therapy. Moreover, rabeprazole has the highest pKa (~ 5.0, the pH at which a drug becomes 50% protonated), and hence the molecule can be activated at higher pH levels much faster than other PPIs. Due to its peculiar catabolic pathway, ie, a prevalent metabolism through a non-enzymatic pathway, rabeprazole is less susceptible to the influence of genetic polymorph... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457881 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457880&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1035 Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: In addition to two original research articles this issue of TCRM contains some excellent reviews on diverse clinical areas including control of chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease and the use of a novel biologic to treat chronic plaque psoriasis. Nersesyan and Slavin (2007) have provided a comprehensive overview of the problem of providing adequate analgesia for cancer patients. Indeed they point out that in the US alone 70% of people with cancer experience some degree of pain and that this inevitably intensifies as the disease progresses. Regrettably less than half of these patents are given adequate pain relief giving rise to significant suffering; of these around 25% actual... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457880 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457879&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1036 Conclusion: We found concomitant use of CYP inducer, age, height, and ethnicity to have the greatest influence on TWD. Positive relationships were found between TWD and the use of CYP450 inducer, height, and African American ethnicity. Although it did appear that women required a lower TWD than men, this factor contributed mildly. Further studies with a greater sample size may more precisely predict the effect of patient-specific factors on TWD, thus uncovering additional relationships.Keywords: anticoagulation, survey, vitamin K, warfarin, CYP450 inducers (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457879 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457878&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1037 Serkan ÖncüAdnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Aydin, TurkeyAbstract: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the cause of substantial morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization worldwide. When choosing an antimicrobial, effective treatment depends on proper patient evaluation and the identification of numerous risk factors, such as recent antibiotic exposure or the presence of comorbidity. Patients without any risk factor should be treated effectively with a narrow spectrum β-lactam agent, like amoxicillin, or a macrolide. If a risk factor is present, agents with a broader spectrum of activity should be selected for the empirical therapy. The newer-generation quinolones are suitable agents with their exce... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457878 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457877&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1298 Daria La Torre, Alberto FalorniDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, ItalyAbstract: Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrinological disorder that may be caused by several physiological and pathological conditions. Several drugs may determine a significant increase in prolactin serum concentration that is frequently associated with symptoms. The so-called typical antipsychotics are frequently responsible for drug-related hyperprolactinemia. Risperidone is one of the atypical neuroleptics most likely to induce hyperprolactinemia, while other atypical drugs are unfrequenlty and only transiently associated with increase of prolactin levels. Women are more sensitive than men to the hyperprolactinemic e... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457877 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457876&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1313 Simon D Portsmouth1, Christopher J Scott 21St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK; 2Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UKAbstract: Combivir is a fixed dose combination tablet of two antiretroviral drugs; zidovudine and lamivudine, used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. AZT was the first antiretroviral used in clinical trials and the addition of lamivudine improved its effectiveness. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the form of a combination of three drugs including two nucleoside analogues, Combivir became the gold standard nucleoside ‘backbone’ until very recently. Combivir was the first combination agent and simplified HIV therapy greatly. The introduction of newer fixed dose combinations with the advantage of once daily dosing and im... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457876 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457875&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1314 Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: Asthma is now one of the most common chronic diseases in Western countries and is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. For many years, anti-inflammatory therapy in asthma has been largely reliant on glucocorticoids (GCs) – particularly in their inhaled form – and their use is associated with a striking reduction in the numbers of activated eosinophils, mast cells, and T cells in vivo. However, although GCs can be efficacious, they are also rather nonspecific in their actions and may not be of benefit to patients with severe asthma who experience virally-induced exacerbations of their disease. Their use a... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457875 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457874&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1316 Albert Abad, José Luis Manzano, Cristina MartíServicio de Oncología Médica (Medical Oncology Service), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Barcelona, SpainAbstract: Gastric cancer constitutes a significant health problem in the world due to its high incidence in certain geographical areas. The basic treatment of this tumor in its localized stages is surgery. Unfortunately, survival is less than 5 years, despite radical surgery. Radical and extensive surgery has proved to be crucial to survival, although there is no agreement on the need for reaching the nodes until there is more than 3 cm of tumor. However, even with the most extensive surgery, survival does not reach more than approximately 35% a... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457874 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457873&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1317 Hendrik Streeck, Jürgen Kurt RockstrohDepartment of Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyAbstract: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with HIV. Low adherence and toxicity among HIV-positive patients starting HAART, however, can lead to discontinuation of therapy and limit long-term treatment success. Moreover, increasing prevalence of primary resistance (>10%) as well as the accumulation of mutations resulting from continued selection pressure exerted by ongoing antiretroviral treatment in patients failing virologically, mean that new compounds are needed that retain antiretroviral activity against resistant strains. Tipranavir (Aptivus®) is a novel protease inhibitor (NPPI), which is characterized by a uniqu... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457873 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457872&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1319 Dianna Quan1, Randall J Cohrs1, Ravi Mahalingam1, Donald H Gilden1,2Departments of 1Neurology and 2Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USAAbstract: Primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox (varicella) after which virus becomes latent in cranial nerve, dorsal root and autonomic ganglia along the entire neuraxis. Virus may later reactivate, causing shingles (zoster), characterized by pain and rash restricted to 1–3 dermatomes. More than 40% of zoster patients over age 60 develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), pain that persists for months to years. The socioeconomic impact of primary varicella infection has been lessened by introduction of VZV vaccine for children. However, the effect of childhood vaccination on the... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457872 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457871&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1321 Dimitrios G Fatouros1, Ditte M Karpf1, Flemming S Nielsen1, Anette Mullertz1Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 1Contributed equally to this workAbstract: This work is an attempt to give an overview of the clinical data available on lipid based formulations. Lipid and surfactant based formulations are recognized as a feasible approach to improve bioavailability of poorly soluble compounds. However not many clinical studies have been published so far. Several drug products intended for oral administration have been marketed utilizing lipid and surfactant based formulations. Sandimmune® and Sandimmune Neoral® (cyclosporin A, Novartis), Norvir® (ritonavir), and Fortovase® (saqu... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457871 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457870&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1322 K Bruce Bayley1, Lucy A Savitz2, Teresa Maddalone3, Stephen E Stoner4, Jacquelyn S Hunt5, Robert Wells61Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 2Abt Associates, Durham, North Carolina, USA; 3Providence Physician Division, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 4Regional Clinical Pharmacy Services, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 5Providence Physician Group, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 6Providence Portland Medical Center, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USAAbstract: A “transitional care pharmacist” (TCP) was deployed within an acute care setting to identify opportunities for improved continuity of care. The provision of medication reconci... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457870 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457869&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1323 Federica Cavallo, Mario Boccadoro, Antonio PalumboDivisione di Ematologia dell’Universita’ di Torino, Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Battista, 10126 Torino, Italy Abstract: The role of thalidomide has been well established in the setting of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). More recently, studies have been focused on upfront induction therapy. In newly diagnosed MM patients, thalidomide improved the response rates and the event-free survival induced by both high-dose and conventional chemotherapy regimens. The effect on survival needs to be further investigated. The efficacy of this drug is counterbalanced by a significant rate of both acute and long-term toxicities. Thus best timing of initiation, dosing schemes and duration of therapy is still unclear. Evidence ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457869 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457869 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457868&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1324 In conclusion omalizumab may fulfil an important need in patients with moderate to severe asthma.Keywords: airway hyper-reactivity, asthma, allergic respiratory diseases, atopic respiratory diseases, anti-IgE therapy, hypersensitivity, monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, omalizumab (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457868 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457868 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457867&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1325 Aristoteles A N Giagounidis, Ulrich Germing1, Sabine Haase, Carlo AulMedizinische Klinik II, St. Johannes Hospital, Duisburg, Germany. 1Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, Heinrich-Heine- Universität, Düsseldorf, GermanyAbstract: Lenalidomide is a novel thalidomide analogue with enhanced immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic action lacking most of the typical thalidomide-associated adverse events. In myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), it has been used primarily in the IPSS low- and intermediate-1 risk setting. Several trials have demonstrated its potential to lead to both erythroid and cytogenetic responses in these disease groups. In a clinical trial of patients with a del(5q) chromosomal abnormality, lenalidomide treatment resulted in red blood cell (RBC) t... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457867 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457867 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457866&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1326 Domenico De Berardis1,2,3, Nicola Serroni2, Rosa Maria Salerno1, Filippo Maria Ferro11Department of Oncology and Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, “G. D’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy. 2National Health Service, Department of Mental Health, SPDC Teramo, Italy. 3ITAB, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, “G. D’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, ItalyAbstract: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Pharmacologic options studied for treating severe PMS and PMDD may include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, anxiolytic agents, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and the diuretic spironolactone. However, the use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) may be a therapeutic opti... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457866 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457866 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457865&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1327 Conclusions: Our relatively large study, using a validated questionnaire confirmed similar useful effect of paroxetine, fluoxetine and escitalopram on ejaculation time. Further large cohort studies with long-term follow up are needed to evaluate the sustained effects of these drugs on ejaculation latency. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457865 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457865 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457864&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1328 This article will summarize evidence for the efficacy of bisoprolol in the treatment of HF.Keywords: bisoprolol, heart failure, beta-blockers (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457864 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457864 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457863&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1329 Conclusions: Twenty-four hour recall and refill history inaccurately measure medication adherence for both clinical trial and clinical practice pharmacotherapies. Further, these measures are insensitive to changes in adherence. For a single or multiple assessments across time, pill count more accurately measures medication adherence. Pill count should be the standard for monitoring medication adherence for both clinical trials and clinical practice.Keywords: adherence, hyperlipidemia, niacin, pharmacist, pill count, simvastatin (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457863 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457863 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457862&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1330 Alain Jean Duclos, Chun-Te Lee, Daniel Arthur ShoskesGlickman Urological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland OH 44195, USAAbstract: Chronic prostatitis is a disease with an unknown etiology that affects a large number of men. The optimal management for category III chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is unknown. The recent years have seen a significant increase in research efforts to understand, classify and treat CP/CPPS. Standard treatment usually consists of prolonged courses of antibiotics, even though well-designed clinical trials have failed to demonstrate their efficacy. Recent treatment strategies with some evidence of efficacy include: alpha-blockers, anti-inflammatory agents, hormonal manipulation, phytotherapy (quercetin, bee pollen... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457862 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457862 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457861&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1331 Jose A VazquezDivision of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Hospital, Microbiology and Infectious Disease Translational Research Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USAAbstract: Mucocutaneous candidiasis (MC) is one of the first signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Over 90% of patients with AIDS will eventually develop oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) at some time during their illness, and an additional 10% will develop esophageal candidiasis (EC). Although numerous antifungal agents are available, azoles, both topical (clotrimazole) and systemic (fluconazole, itraconazole), have replaced older topical antifungals (gentian violet and nystatin) in the management of MC in these patients. The systemic azoles, itraconazole and fluconazole, are general... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457861 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457861 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457860&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1332 Suleyman Piskin, Erol UzunaliTrakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Edirne, TurkeyAbstract: Acne is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit with involving abnormalities in sebum production, microbial flora changes, abnormal keratinization, and inflammation. There are several therapeutic options like topical and systemic retinoids, antibiotics, and systemic hormonal drugs. The topical retinoids a play very important role in the treatment of acne vulgaris. However, their use is limited due to skin irritation. A new generation product, adapalene is a good choice in the treatment of acne vulgaris with less side effects and high efficacy confirmed by numerous clinical studies.Keywords: adapalene, acne vulgaris, treatment (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457860 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457860 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457859&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1333 This study group was compared with a historical control group who received a placebo in previously conducted identical trials of POV. The 35 children included in this study were compared with 31 controls. The incidence and severity of POV and use of rescue antiemetics were significantly lower in children who received ODT compared with placebo (p ≤ 0.001). The acute complete response (ie, no emesis and no rescue antiemetics in 24 hours) was 76% in the ODT group compared with 16% in the controls (p ≤ 0.001). Results suggest that ODT given preoperatively reduces the incidence and severity of POV in children undergoing strabismus surgery.Keywords: pediatrics, postoperative, vomiting, ondansetron (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457859 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457859 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457858&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1334 We report a retrospective analysis of 84 consecutive pediatrics-related internal review files opened by a medical center’s risk managers between 1996 and 2001. The aims were to identify common causative factors associated with adverse events/adverse outcomes (AEs) in a Pediatrics Department, then suggest ways to improve care. The main outcome was identification of any patterns of factors that contributed to AEs so that interventions could be designed to address them. Cases were noted to have at least one apparent contributing problem; the most common were with communication (44% of cases), diagnosis and treatment (37%), medication errors (20%), and IV/Central line issues (17%). 45% of files involved a child with an underlying diagnosis putting her/him at high risk for an adverse outc... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457858 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457857&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1338 David M BambergerUniversity of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USAAbstract: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a common disease with a high risk of mortality and complications. An increasing proportion of cases are methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA), and methicillin-resistance is being observed from both community-acquired bacteremias and in healthcare-associated infections. The duration of bacteremia and transesophageal echocardiographic findings are useful in predicting the likelihood of complications including endocarditis. Therapy with vancomycin has been the mainstay in the treatment of MRSA bacteremias, but is associated with a long duration of bacteremia on therapy and relapses. Loss of susceptibility to vancomycin, due to thickened cell walls and throu... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457857 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457856&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1339 This study demonstrated that a persistently elevated serum HBV DNA level was the most important risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The ultimate goal of antiviral therapy for CHB patients should include halting the progression to cirrhosis and its life threatening complications and in preventing/reducing the development of HCC. An earlier study of 651 CHB patients with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis from countries in Asia also demonstrated that treatment with lamivudine (LVD) not only delayed disease progression but also reduced the development of HCC. These landmark studies reaffirm the need for active antiviral therapy for CHB. Current treatment options for patients with CHB include interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues. As we gain experience with these ag... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457856 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457855&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1341 David R P GuayCollege of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota and Division of Geriatrics, HealthPartners Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USAAbstract: The relatively rapid development of microbial resistance after the entry of every new antimicrobial into the marketplace necessitates a constant supply of new agents to maintain effective pharmacotherapy. Despite extensive efforts to identify novel lead compounds from molecular targets, only the peptide deformylase inhibitors (PDIs) have shown any real promise, with some advancing to phase I human trials. Bacterial peptide deformylase, which catalyzes the removal of the N-formyl group from N-terminal methionine following translation, is essential for bacterial protein synthesis, growth, and survival. The majority of PDIs are pseudopeptide hydroxamic acid... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457855 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457854&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1343 Michael H Nelson1, Christian R Dolder1,21School of Pharmacy, Wingate University, Wingate, North Carolina, USA; 2Northeast Medical Center, Concord, North Carolina, USAAbstract: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of disease and death among women throughout the world. Despite advances in drug therapy, development of novel and improved drugs for breast cancer continues to be of great interest. Lapatinib is a novel dual receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is a selective and potent inhibitor of ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 tyrosine kinases, both of which are growth promoting factors overexpressed in some breast cancers. Cell-based assays have proven lapatinib to be a potent inhibitor of ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 activation and breast cancer cell proliferation. In pharmacokinetic studies, lapatinib has shown... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457854 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457853&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1345 Evangelos Kalaitzakis, Einar BjörnssonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, SwedenAbstract: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the drugs of choice for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Esomeprazole is the latest PPI and was developed as the S-isomer of omeprazole as an attempt to improve its pharmacokinetic properties. Esomeprazole has been reported to have a somewhat higher potency in acid inhibition than other PPIs. Despite some controversy, data from clinical trials and meta-analyses indicate that esomeprazole 40 mg od for up to 8 weeks provided higher rates of healing of erosive GERD and a greater proportion of patients with sustained resolution of heartburn, than omeprazole 2... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457853 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457853 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457852&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1406 Renzo GalanelloOspedale Regionale Microcitemie, ASL 8 – Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, ItalyAbstract: Deferiprone is an orally active iron chelator which has emerged from an extensive search for new treatment of iron overload. Comparative studies have shown that at comparable doses deferiprone may be as effective as deferoxamine in removing body iron. Retrospective and prospective studies have shown that deferiprone monotherapy is significantly more effective than deferoxamine in improving myocardial siderosis in thalassemia major. Agranulocytosis is the most serious side effect associated with the use of deferiprone, occurring in about 1% of the patients. More common but less serious side effects are gastrointestinal sy... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457852 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457852 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457851&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D1528 Shyam Sundar1, Piero L Olliaro2,31Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; 2UNICEF/UNDP/WB/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Geneva, Switzerland; 3Bases thérapeutiques des inflammations, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux II, Bordeaux, FranceAbstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening disease. Traditional treatment with pentavalent antimony injections has become ineffective in the area with the world’s highest prevalence of disease (North Bihar, India) and is becoming less effective elsewhere as well. A replacement is needed, best if it can be given to more patients outside the hospital. Miltefosine is the first oral drug registered for VL. Given daily under medical supervision fo... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457851 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457850&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2170 Hae-Hyuk Lee, Torsten Zuberbier, Margitta WormAllergy-Center-Charité (CCM), Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, GermanyAbstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial chronic remittent skin disease which requires long-term treatment. Pimecrolimus cream 1% is a nonsteroid selective inhibitor of inflammatory cytokines and effective in the treatment of AD. Various clinical trials have shown its long-term safety and efficacy in pediatric and adult patients suffering from mild to moderate AD. In this article we discuss data which has assessed the impact of AD on the patient’s quality of life, and the consequent role of topical anti-inflammatory therapy for longterm AD treatment.Keywords: atopic dermatitis, quality of life, p... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457850 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457849&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2201 Conclusion: Salvia miltiorrhiza is an effective Chinese medicine for the treatment of oligohydramnios.Keywords: Salvia miltiorrhiza, therapy, oligohydramnios, amniotic fluid index (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457849 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457849 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457848&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2401 Pierluigi Toniutto1, Carlo Fabris1, Davide Bitetto1, Ezio Fornasiere1, Elisa Fumolo1, Rachele Rapetti2, Mario Pirisi21Medical Liver Transplant Unit, DPMSC, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Italy; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (DiMeCS), University of Eastern Piedmont Amedeo Avogadro, Novara, ItalyAbstract: End stage liver disease due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide. Regretfully, infection of the graft by HCV occurs almost universally after LT, causing chronic hepatitis and early progression to cirrhosis in a significant proportion of recipients. Moreover, graft and patient survival are significantly worse in patients undergoing LT for HCV-related cirrhosis than in those transplanted for ot... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457848 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457848 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457847&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2494 We report the case of a rare hemoglobin variant, “Hemoglobin J”, discovered while performing hemoglobin electrophoresis following exchange transfusion of a sickle cell disease patient. It is usual practice in our institution to confirm the hemoglobin S level in sickle cell disease patients after red cell exchange. The patient had received 5 red cell units and the source of this variant was traced back to two of those units. Due to the uncertain clinical impact of this variant, and the lack of specific guidelines, the two donors were deferred from future donations to our institution.Keywords: hemoglobin J, sickle cell disease, transfusion (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457847 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457846&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2547 Michael R Graham1, Peter Evans2, Bruce Davies1, Julien S Baker11Health and Exercise Science Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sport and Science, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, United Kingdom; 2Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, Gwent, United KingdomAbstract: The nontherapeutic use of prescription medicines by individuals involved in sport is increasing. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are the most widely abused drug. Much of our knowledge of the psychological and physiological effects of human growth hormone (hGH) and insulin has been learned from deficiency states. As a consequence of the Internet revolution, previously unobtainable and expensive designer drugs, particularly recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and insulin, have become freely available at ridiculously discou... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457846 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457845&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2606 Takekazu Kubo1, Atsushi Yamaguchi1, Nobuyoshi Iwata2, Toshihide Yamashita1,31Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; 2Information Institute for Medical Research Ltd.; 3Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, JapanAbstract: Rho-kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase and one of the major downstream effectors of the small GTPase Rho. The Rho-ROCK pathway is involved in many aspects of neuronal functions including neurite outgrowth and retraction. The Rho-ROCK pathway becomes an attractive target for the development of drugs for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, since it has been recently revealed that this pathwa... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457845 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457844&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2611 Harry Tagbor1, Jane Bruce2, Edmund Browne1, Brian Greenwood2, Daniel Chandramohan21Department of Community Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; 2Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKAbstract: The accuracy of OptiMAL® dipsticks was compared with that of microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria infection in pregnancy. During the course of a clinical trial of antimalarial drugs in pregnancy, we screened 4500 pregnant women of all parities who accessed antenatal clinic services at St. Theresa’s Hospital’s in Nkoranza, Ghana, between March 2003 and December 2004 with OptiMAL® dipsticks and confirmed the diagnosis of malaria with microscopy. We ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457844 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457843&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2613 We report a case of VPA-associated encephalopathy without hyperammonemia in a 3-year-old girl with Pallister-Killian-Syndrom, combined with a mild hepatopathy and thrombopathy. After withdrawal of VPA, the clinical symptoms and the electroencephalography-alterations vanished rapidly.Keywords: pallister-killian, valproate, encephalopathy, EEG, ammonia (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457843 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457843 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457842&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2614 Alberto E Paniz-Mondolfi1,4, Alexandra M Pérez-Álvarez1, Oscar Reyes-Jaimes2, Gustavo Socorro1, Olga Zerpa3, Denisa Slova4, Juan L Concepción51Laboratorio de Estudio de Antígenos, Instituto de Biomedicina, “Hospital José Gregório Hernández”, Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela; 2Departamento de Dermopatología, Instituto de Biomedicina, 3Sección de Leishmaniasis, Instituto de Biomedicina, Caracas, Venezuela; 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Luke’s – Roosevelt - Beth Israel Medical Center, University Hospital of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA; 5Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Facultad de Ciencias... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457842 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457842 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457841&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2617 Enriqueta Felip1, Rafael Rosell21Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; 2Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, SpainAbstract: NSCLC accounts for 80% of all cases of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer mortality. The majority of NSCLC patients present with advanced, unresectable disease, which remains incurable. In advanced disease, chemotherapy with platinum (cisplatin or carboplatin) in combination with a third-generation cytotoxic drug (vinorelbine, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, or docetaxel) can provide a modest improvement in survival without impairing quality of life. In chemotherapy-naïve, advanced, non-squamous NSCLC patients, the combination of bevacizumab with chemotherapy was shown to produ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457841 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457841 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457840&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2648 We report on a patient for whom DSG was effective against AMR after renal transplantation.Keywords: deoxyspergualine (DSG), vascular rejection, antihuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457840 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457839&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2652 Tam Ly, Jyoti Gulia, Vasilios Pyrgos, Masashi Waga, Shmuel ShohamSection of Infectious Diseases, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC, USAAbstract: Fluorescence in situ hybridization using peptide nucleic acid probes (PNA-FISH) differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other Gram-positive-cocci in clusters (GPCC). 101/202 patients with GPCC+ blood cultures were randomly assigned to clinician-notification of PNA FISH results. Notification was associated with reduced mortality (8% vs.17%, p = 0.05), further antibiotic use (median −2.5 days, p = 0.01), and trended toward reduced hospital stay and charges. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457839 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457839 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457838&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2664 This article reviews currently available data on this agent, the impact of resistance on clinical use and implementation, as well as extensive descriptions of the pharmacokinetics, adverse effects and drug-interactions warranting consideration. Whether beginning in a naïve patient or switching from other regimens for tolerability issues, Atripla™ represents a viable option. Its demonstrated advantages with respect to lipid and hematologic parameters and equivalent incidence of renal toxicity are tempered by the findings of bone mineral density decreases, however. Combining multiple mechanisms of action in a single dosing unit appears to improve efficacy, increase the likelihood for adherence and maintain viral suppression compared to administering these agents independently. It ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457838 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457838 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457837&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2665 Narendra R Desai, Syed M Shah, Jonathan Cohen, Matthew McLaughlin, Hema R DalalFormulation Development, Wyeth Research, Pearl River, NY, USAAbstract: Zosyn®, also known as Tazocin® for injection, contains piperacillin and tazobactam and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1993 for the treatment of indicated serious infections. In 1995, United States Pharmacopoeia and European Pharmacopoeias reduced the particulate limit for injectables by 40%, based on general safety concerns. Wyeth attempted to control sporadic batch failures (associated with increased particulate formation) by shortening product expiration dating from 36 to 24 months and optimizing the stopper siliconization process. These modifications did not correct the problem completely. Wyeth reformulated... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457837 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457837 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457836&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2666 Su Su Hline1, Phuong-Truc T Pham2, Phuong-Thu T Pham3, May H Aung1, Phuong-Mai T Pham4, Phuong-Chi T Pham11Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Sylmar, CA, USA; 2Pennsylvania State Worthington Scranton, Dunmore, PA, USA; 3David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; 4Mather VA Medical Center, Mather, CA, USAAbstract: Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities linked to adverse outcomes and increased mortality in hospitalized patients. While the differential diagnosis for hyponatremia is diverse, most cases stem from arginine vasopressin (AVP) dysregulation, where hypoosmolality fails to suppress AVP synthesis and release. The physiological effects of AVP are currently known to depend on its inter... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457836 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457836 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457835&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2667 Theresa M Harned, Paul S GaynonDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USAAbstract: Approximately 4000 children and adolescents under the age of 20 years develop acute leukemia per year in the US. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer. Despite impressive improvements in outcome, relapsed ALL is the fourth most common pediatric malignancy. Therapy for relapsed ALL remains unsatisfactory, and the majority of relapse patients still succumb to leukemia. Between one-third and one-half of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) relapse, and no standard therapy is recognized for patients with relapsed and/or refractory AML. Novel therapeutic agents are needed to improve the cure rate for relapsed ALL and AML. Clof... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457835 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457835 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457834&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2668 Piet Geusens1, Willem Lems21Department of Internal Medicine, Subdivision of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands and Biomedical Research Institute, University Hasselt, Belgium; 2Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsAbstract: Lumiracoxib is a COX2 inhibitor that is highly selective, is more effective than placebo on pain in osteoarthritis (OA), with similar analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects as non-selective NSAIDs and the selective COX2 inhibitor celecoxib, has a lower incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) side effects in patients not taking aspirin, and a similar incidence of cardiovascular (CV) side effects compared to naproxen or ibuprofen. In the context of earlier guidelines and taking into account t... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457834 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457833&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2669 Eihab A Alwawi1, Stephanie L Mehlis1, Kenneth B Gordon1,21Division of Dermatology and Department of Medicine, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Skokie, IL, USA; 2Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: Psoriasis is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin disease that can have a significant impact on the quality of life of those who are afflicted. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of psoriasis have led to the development of new, genetically engineered, targeted therapies for this disease. Among the most successful strategies for treatment has been the use of biologic immunotherapies targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF). Recent research has evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new anti-TNF agen... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457833 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457832&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2670 F Braido, C Lagasio, IMG Piroddi, I Baiardini, GW CanonicaAllergy and Respiratory Diseases Department, University of Genoa, ItalyAbstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease affecting 5%–50% of the worldwide population and its prevalence is increasing (Herman 2007). In addition, AR is associated with asthma and other co-morbidities such as conjunctivitis and sinusitis. The main symptoms are nasal congestion, rhinorrea, sneezing, itching, and post-nasal drainage induced after allergen exposure by an IgE-mediated inflammation of the membranes lining the nose. AR is not a life-threatening disease, but it has been shown to have a significant impact on quality of life. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines propose a classificati... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457832 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457831&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2671 William E BergerAllergy and Asthma Associates of Southern California, Mission Viejo, CA, USAAbstract: Despite remarkable advances in diagnosis and long-term management, asthma remains a serious public health concern. Newly updated expert guidelines emphasize the intra- and inter-individual variability of asthma and highlight the importance of periodic assessment of asthma control. These guidelines update recommendations for step-wise asthma treatment, address the burgeoning field of asthma diagnostics, and stress the importance of a patient and health care professional partnership, including written action plans and self monitoring. The field of asthma therapeutics is expanding rapidly, with promising new treatment options available or in development that may address some of the existing b... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457831 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457830&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2672 Amirali Masoumi, Berenice Reed-Gitomer, Catherine Kelleher, Mir Reza Bekheirnia, Robert W SchrierDepartment of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262, USAAbstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent life- threatening, hereditary disease. ADPKD is more common than sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, Down’s syndrome, and Huntington’s disease combined. ADPKD is a multisystemic disorder characterized by the progressive development of renal cysts and marked renal enlargement. Structural and functional renal deterioration occurs in ADPKD patients and is the fourth leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in adults. Aside from the renal manifestations, ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457830 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457829&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2673 Sapna Modi1, Livia Van1, Aron Gewirtzman2, Natalia Mendoza2, Brenda Bartlett2, Anne Marie Tremaine2, Stephen Tyring31Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; 2Center for Clinical Studies, Houston, TX, USA; 3Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USAAbstract: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is a highly prevalent condition responsible for significant morbidity and occasional mortality each year. Approximately half of all patients infected by HSV will experience at least one recurrence in their lifetime. For these recurrences, traditional therapy has included both suppressive and episodic treatment with nucleoside analogs. In regards to episodic treatment, 2- to 5-day oral regimens are best studied and most commonly reported. As with any m... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457829 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457828&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2674 This article reviews the pharmacology of docetaxel, a semi-synthetic taxane, and the clinical trials supporting its use in patients with node-positive breast cancer.Keywords: docetaxel, node-positive breast cancer, post-surgery treatment, taxanes (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457828 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457828 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457827&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2675 Can FiciciogluThe Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Section of Biochemical GeneticsAbstract: Gaucher disease is a progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, and characterized by intralysosomal storage of glucosylceramide that leads to dysfunction in multiple organ systems. Intravenous enzyme replacement with imiglucerase is the accepted standard for treatment of symptomatic patients and has been effective in reducing many of the signs and symptoms of type I Gaucher disease in the majority of patients without serious adverse effects. An alternative therapeutic approach is substrate reduction therapy with N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ) (miglustat; Zavesca®), an imino sugar that reversibly inhibits glucosylceremide synthase and reduce... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457827 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457827 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457826&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2676 Christina MR Kitchen1, Miriam Nuño1, Scott G Kitchen2, Paul Krogstad31Department of Biostatistics, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA USA; 2Department of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA USA; 3Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Molecular Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USAAbstract: It has been over 25 years since the first diagnosis of what would be known as AIDS. Although great strides in anti-HIV therapeutics have been made, there is still a great need for antiretrovirals that are effective against drug-resistant HIV. Enfuvirtide (ENF) is the first of a new class of fusion inhibitors to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in combination with other antiretro... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457826 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457826 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457825&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2677 Frans JME RoumenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Atrium Medical Centre Parkstad, Heerlen, The NetherlandsAbstract: The purpose of this review was to test contraceptive efficacy, cycle control, tolerability, and acceptability as found in the non-comparative studies with NuvaRing® by those found in the randomized trials comparing NuvaRing and combined oral contraceptives (COCs). All large non-comparative studies and all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) between NuvaRing and a COC up to and including December 2006 were analyzed. Two large multi-center registration studies, 1 large daily clinical practice study, and 6 RCTs comparing NuvaRing and a COC were identified. The findings in the non-comparative studies were confirmed in the RCTs. Contraceptive efficacy was high ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457825 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457824&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2678 Bianca Devitt, Sue-Anne McLachlanSt Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaAbstract: Bone metastasis from breast cancer often cause significant morbidity including pain, impaired mobility, pathological fracture, and spinal cord compression. Bisphosphonates play an important role in preventing these skeletal related events and are the standard of care for patients with bone metastasis from breast cancer. Ibandronate is a highly potent bisphosphonate available in both intravenous and oral preparations. It has been shown in clinical trials to be effective in reducing skeletal complications and also significantly improve quality of life up to 96 weeks. Unlike other intravenous bisphosphonates, ibandronate has minimal renal toxicity, allowing safe outpatient administration, red... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457824 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457824 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457823&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2679 Matthew Kaufman, Kanti R RaiLong Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USAAbstract: Alemtuzumab is a humanized chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting CD52. Although this agent already has an important role in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), many of its uses are still being defined. Early trials showed alemtuzumab’s value in refractory disease and helped to define its excellent activity in the bone marrow, spleen and 17p deleted patients. The CAM307 trial has demonstrated alemtuzumab’s efficacy as monotherapy in the front-line setting, and ultimately led to its FDA approval as frontline therapy. Especially promising is the trend toward improved response in patients with high risk cytogenic abnormalities (17p del, 11q del, trisomy 12). The various ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457823 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457823 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457822&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2680 Pedro Giavina-Bianchi1, Rosana Agondi1, Rafael Stelmach2, Alberto Cukier2, Jorge Kalil11Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Pulmonary Division, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilAbstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent disease with great morbidity and significant societal and economic burden. Intranasal corticosteroids are recommended as first-line therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe disease, especially when nasal congestion is a major component of symptoms. To compare the efficacy and safety profile of different available intranasal corticosteroids for the treatment of AR, it is important to understand their different structures and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Know... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457822 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457822 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457821&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2681 Hans P Schlecht1, Sarah Schellhorn2, Bruce J Dezube3, Jeffrey M Jacobson11Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Hahnemann University Hospital, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2Department of Medicine, 3Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MAAbstract: Treatment of HIV-1 infection has produced dramatic success for many patients. Nevertheless, viral resistance continues to limit the efficacy of currently available agents in many patients. The CCR5 antagonists are a new class of antiretroviral agents that target a necessary coreceptor for viral entry of many strains of HIV-1. Recently, the first agent within this class, maraviroc, was approved by a number of regulatory agencies, ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457821 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457821 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457820&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2682 Ruchi Mathur1, Olga Levin1, Ricardo Azziz11Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USAbstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine/metabolic disorders found in women, affecting approximately 105 million women worldwide. It is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, often presenting as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and either clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism. Combined oral contraceptive (COC) therapy has long been a cornerstone of care for women with PCOS. COC therapy often provides clinical improvement in the areas of excessive hair growth, unpredictable menses, acne, and weight gain. One of the main issues in COC therapy is choosing the most appropriate progestin component to provide the greatest anti androgenic effects. Drospirenone, a relati... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457820 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457820 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457819&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2683 Zelalem Temesgen1, Dawd S Siraj21Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 2East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USAAbstract: On October 16, 2007, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved raltegravir for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents in treatment-experienced adult patients who have evidence of viral replication and HIV-1 strains resistant to multiple antiretroviral agents. Raltegravir is first in a novel class of antiretroviral drugs known as integrase inhibitors. It has demonstrated potent anti HIV activity in both antiretroviral treatment-naïve and experienced patients. The most common adverse events reported with raltegravir during phase 2 and 3 clinical trials were diarrhea, nausea, and headache. La... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457819 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457818&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2684 Ian N OlverThe Cancer Council Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaAbstract: Fosaprepitant is a prodrug of aprepitant, a neurokinin1 (NK1) receptor antagonist used in prophylactic antiemetic regimens used prior to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Fosaprepitant is being developed to provide a parenterally administered alternative to the orally administered aprepitant. Fosaprepitant is rapidly converted to aprepitant and an intravenous dose of 115 mg is bioequivalent to 125 mg orally, with similar plasma concentrations at 24 hours. In phase I and II trials fosaprepitant shows efficacy, but the large randomized efficacy studies have utilized aprepitant. When it is added to dexamethasone and a 5HT3 receptor antagonist on day 1 prior to chemotherapy aprepitant improves the control of acute post ... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457818 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457818 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457817&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2685 Crina L Burlacu, Donal J BuggyDepartment of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Mater Misericordiae, University Hospital, Dublin, IrelandAbstract: In recent years levobupivacaine, the pure S (−)-enantiomer of bupivacaine, emerged as a safer alternative for regional anesthesia than its racemic parent. It demonstrated less affinity and strength of depressant effects onto myocardial and central nervous vital centers in pharmacodynamic studies, and a superior pharmacokinetic profile. Clinically, levobupivacaine is well tolerated in a variety of regional anesthesia techniques both after bolus administration and continuous postoperative infusion. Reports of toxicity with levobupivacaine are scarce and occasional toxic symptoms are usually reversible with minimal treatment with no... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457817 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457817 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457816&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2687 Jonathan Ray Newton, Kim Wong Ah-SeeDepartment of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland, UKAbstract: Nasal polyps are common, affecting up to four percent of the population. Their etiology remains unclear, but they are known to have associations with allergy, asthma, infection, cystic fibrosis, and aspirin sensitivity. They present with nasal obstruction, anosmia, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip, and less commonly facial pain. Clinical examination reveals single or multiple grey polypoid masses in the nasal cavity. Computerized tomography allows evaluation of the extent of the disease and is essential if surgical treatment is to be considered. Management of polyposis involves a combination of medical therapy and surgery. There is good evide... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457816 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457816 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457815&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2688 Zinelabidine Abouelfadel1,2, E David Crawford11Urologic Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA; 2Currently, Amiri Hospital Kuwait University, Urology Section, Kuwait CityAbstract: Hormone therapy is well established for treating patients with prostate cancer and remains the mainstay of the treatment of metastatic and locally advanced disease, this article reviews the rationale for its use, its different forms, and complications and controversies still surrounding some of its modalities. Availability of long-acting synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists revolutionized the hormonal treatment of prostate cancer, and helped to avoid the emotional and psychological effects related to surgical castration. The depot formula has gained wide accepta... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457815 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457815 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457814&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2689 Gunnar BirgegårdDepartment of Haematology, University Hospital, Uppsala, SwedenAbstract: Anemia is common in cancer, and lymphoproliferative disease is no exception. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) have been used for renal anemia since 1986, and considerably later in cancer anemia. The first studies were published around 1993, but the use of ESA did not become common in cancer anemia until in the late 1990s. Cancer anemia is still under-treated. This review gives an overview of the use of ESA in hematologic malignancies. A background is given about this treatment in the cancer field generally. The pathophysiology of cancer anemia is described with special emphasis on the disturbances in iron metabolism. Functional iron deficiency has been shown to be both frequent and importa... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457814 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457814 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457813&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2690 Conclusions: After sensitivity analysis, the study results confirm the favorable cost-effectiveness ratio of ECT with the Cliniporator and justify its wider use.Keywords: Cliniporator, cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors, electrochemotherapy, hyperthermia, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, interferon-alpha, isolated limb perfusion, cost-effectiveness (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management) Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457813 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1457812&cid=s_33668_13_f&fid=33668&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdovepress.com%2Farticles.php%3Fcontent_id%3D2691 James E Skinner, Jerry M Anchin, Daniel N WeissVicor Technologies, Inc., Bangor, PA, USAAbstract: Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects both cardiac autonomic function and risk of arrhythmic death (AD). Reduced indices of HRV based on linear stochastic models are independent risk factors for AD in post-myocardial infarct cohorts. Indices based on nonlinear deterministic models have a significantly higher sensitivity and specificity for predicting AD in retrospective data. A need exists for nonlinear analytic software easily used by a medical technician. In the current study, an automated nonlinear algorithm, the time-dependent point correlation dimension (PD2i), was evaluated. The electrocardiogram (ECG) data were provided through an National Institutes of Health-sponsored internet archive... Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1457812 Wed, 21 May 2008 15:09:38 +0100 1457812