Theriogenology via MedWorm.com

Announcement

Theriogenology — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 03:44:38 +0100

February 2012 Announcement and Call for Abstracts (Source: Theriogenology)

Theriogenology — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 03:44:36 +0100

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Editorial Board

Theriogenology — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 03:44:36 +0100

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Announcements

Theriogenology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 18:04:52 +0100

15 January 2012 Announcement and Call for Abstracts (Source: Theriogenology)

Theriogenology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 18:04:52 +0100

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Editorial Board

Theriogenology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 18:04:52 +0100

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Announcement

Theriogenology — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 03:32:41 +0100

1 January 2012 Announcement and Call for Abstracts (Source: Theriogenology)

Announcements

Theriogenology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:18:38 +0100

1 January 2012 Announcement and Call for Abstracts (Source: Theriogenology)

Dear Editors:

Theriogenology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:18:38 +0100

We thank Yang et al. for pointing out a potentially misleading statement in our review. We agree with the authors that BMSC may successfully be used for craniofacial bone regeneration, as described by papers cited by the authors of the letter. The misleading statement in our review originates from a recent review we cited by Sensebé et al. 2010 . In that review (page 97), the following statement appeared: “Although bone reconstruction with bone marrow MSCs is effective for long bones, bone marrow MSCs are not effective for jaw reconstruction [84]. This finding resulted from the neural crest origin of the facial skeleton, and although stem cells with a facial origin can differentiate into osteoblasts whatever the site of implantation, stem cells from bone marrow fail to differentiate int...

Comments on “Strategies for regeneration of the bone using porcine adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells” by E. Monaco, M. Bionaz, et al. Theriogenology 2011;75:1381–99

Theriogenology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:18:38 +0100

In a recent issue of Theriogenology, we read the review by Monaco et al focusing on strategies of bone regeneration using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) with great interest. We would like to comment on a concept presented by the authors that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are incapable of craniofacial bone healing, whereas ASCs are capable (Page 1392, 2nd paragraph). In this review, the authors concluded from the studies of Meijer et al and Leucht et al that the inability of BMSCs to heal craniofacial bone defects is due to the different embryonic origin between the donor sites and recipient sites, i.e., flat bone is developed from the neural crest-derived skeletal stem cells while BMSCs have mesodermic origin. (Source: Theriogenology)

Theriogenology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:18:38 +0100

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Editorial Board

Theriogenology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 03:18:38 +0100

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Can video cameras replace visual estrus detection in dairy cows?

Theriogenology — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: A 6-mo experiment was conducted in a dairy herd to evaluate a video system for estrus detection. From October 2007 to April 2008, 35 dairy cows of three breeds that ranged in age from 2 to 6 yr were included in the study. Four daylight cameras were set up in two free stalls with straw litter and connected to a computer equipped with specific software to detect movement. This system allowed the continuous observation of the cows as well as video storage. An observation method related to the functionality of the video management software (“Camera-Icons” method) was used to detect the standing mount position and was compared to direct visual observation (direct visual method). Both methods were based on the visualization of standing mount position. A group of profile photos con...

Induction of PGFM pulses and luteolysis by sequential estradiol-17β treatments in heifers

Theriogenology — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The effects of sequential induction of PGFM pulses by estradiol-17β (E2) on prominence of PGFM pulses and progesterone (P4) concentration were studied in heifers. Three treatments of vehicle (n = 12) or E2 (n = 12) at doses of 0.05 or 0.1 mg were given at 12-h intervals beginning on Day 15 postovulation. Blood samples were collected every 12 h from Days 13–24 and hourly for 12 h after the first and third treatments. On Day 15, all heifers were in preluteolysis and on Day 16 were in preluteolysis in the vehicle-treated heifers (n = 11) and either preluteolysis (n = 4) or luteolysis (n = 8) in the E2-treated heifers. Peak concentration of induced PGFM pulses during preluteolysis on Day 15 was greater (P < 0.04) than for pulses during preluteolysis on Day 16. The interval from o...

The expression of genes encoding zona pellucida glycoproteins in canine cumulus-oocyte complexes cultured in vitro in media supplemented with progesterone and estradiol

Theriogenology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The role of progesterone (P4) and estradiol-17beta (E2) on the efficiency of canine oocyte maturation in vitro is recognized, but little is known about the influence of both steroids on the expression of zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins. It has been shown that E2 and P4 used in the IVC significantly influenced canine oocytes meiotic competence, although the effect is specifically related to the combination of hormones used in the experiment. Because both of these steroids may stimulate or inhibit maturation competence of oocytes in a dose-dependent manner, there is a high possibility that they also influence the fertilization ability of canine oocytes. Our study was aimed to analyze whether genes, encoding ZP glycoproteins, are regulated by P4 or E2. Canine cumulus oocyte compl...

Reproductive seasonality and the effect of the GnRH agonist deslorelin as a contraceptive in captive male Black Flying-foxes (Pteropus alecto)

Theriogenology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Effective contraception would enhance genetic management of captive Pteropus species, which typically breed well in captivity. Male reproductive seasonality was monitored (15-mo interval) in captive P. alecto (6 controls and 5 treated with 4.7 mg deslorelin). In untreated males, there were seasonal changes in testicular volume, body weight and testosterone secretion; testicular volume and body weight peaked in February and March, respectively, whereas testosterone concentration remained >5 ng/ml before rising (P < 0.001) to 24.9 ± 3.6 ng/ml (mean ± SEM) in April. However, there was no corresponding change in sperm quality, and seminal vesicle gland (SVG) secretions remained present in ejaculates. In treated males, testosterone concentration had an initial ‘flare’ response ...

Toxicity of cryoprotectants to honey bee semen and queens

Theriogenology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Given the threats to the intraspecific biodiversity of Apis mellifera and the pressure on bee breeding to come up with disease-tolerant lines, techniques to cryopreserve drone semen are of great interest. Freeze-thawed drone semen of high viability and/or motility has repeatedly been obtained, but fertility of such semen, when it was measured, was always low. The cryoprotective agent (CPA) most frequently used with drone semen is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), although this substance has been suspected of causing genetic damage in sperm. No form of sperm washing is currently performed. Using a membrane permeability assay, we measured the short-term toxicity of four possible replacements for DMSO, 1,3-propane diol, 2,3-butane diol, ethylene glycol, and dimethyl formamide. We also tes...

Inducing pluripotency in somatic cells from the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), an endangered felid

Theriogenology — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, this was apparently the first derivation of iPS cells from the endangered snow leopard and the first report on induced pluripotency in felid species. Addition of NANOG to the reprogramming cocktail was essential for derivation of iPS lines in this felid. The iPS cells provided a unique source of pluripotent cells with utility in conservation through cryopreservation of genetics, as a source of reprogrammed donor cells for nuclear transfer or for directed differentiation to gametes in the future. (Source: Theriogenology)

Announcements December 2011

Theriogenology — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 03:34:33 +0100

Announcement and Call for Abstracts ISCFR 2012 & EVSSAR 2012 (Source: Theriogenology)

IETS 2011 Pre-Conference Symposium Foreword

Theriogenology — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 03:34:33 +0100

The 2011 IETS pre-Conference Symposium on Advances in Bovine Reproduction and Embryo Technology focused on current knowledge of novel technologies to enhance bovine reproduction and embryo transfer. (Source: Theriogenology)

Theriogenology — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 03:34:33 +0100

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Editorial Board

Theriogenology — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 03:34:33 +0100

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Comparison of assessment of pigeon sperm viability by contrast-phase microscope (eosin-nigrosin staining) and flow cytometry (SYBR-14/propidium iodide (PI) staining) [evaluation of pigeon sperm viability]

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The aim of these experiments was to compare the conventional, microscopic method of evaluating pigeon sperm viability to sperm assessed by flow cytometry. Semen was collected twice a week from two groups of pigeons. In every group were 20 males (Group I: meat-type breed; Group II: fancy pigeon breed). Semen was collected using the lumbosacral and cloacal region massage method. Ejaculates collected from each group were pooled and diluted to 10 × 106 sperm/ml in BPSE solution. Samples were divided into three equal parts and estimated after collection as well as after in vitro storage for 3, 6 and 24 h. The first part was using for semen motility evaluation. The proportion of motile spermatozoa (MOT) and progressive movement (PMOT) of fresh and stored semen were evaluated using th...

Influence of testicular hormones on the somatostatin-GH system during the growth promoted transition to puberty in sheep

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the growth promoted transition to puberty in lambs involved changes in the effects of testicular hormones on somatostatin in hypothalamic neurons and GH secretion. The study was performed in infants (9-week-old) testis-intact (TEI) and orchidectomized (ORCHX) at the sixth week of age, and pubertal lambs (16-week-old) TEI and ORCHX at the 12th week of age (n = 20). In TEI lambs, the changes included a pubertal increase in immunoreactive somatostatin in the periventricular nucleus and median eminence with simultaneous neuropeptide depletion in the median eminence, and a decrease in the percentage of the hypophyseal area (PA) occupied by GH-immunoreactive cells (P < 0.05). The mean concentration of GH in the peripheral blood p...

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcript and protein in the testis of several vertebrates, including endangered species

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to influence the testis function. To establish the role of VEGF in the testis of a variety of species, we analyzed the expression of VEGF transcript using human gene-specific primers by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis in the testes of 18 vertebrates, including a few endangered species. An amplicon of 566 bp representing VEGF165 was identified in testis of all species in this study. Sequence analysis of these amplicons revealed 84 to 96% homology to available human VEGF sequence and to the VEGF sequences of other species in GenBank. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed expression of VEGF protein, primarily in Sertoli and Leydig cells and occasionally in the germ cells of the tes...

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) distribution and behavior in spermatozoa and meiotic cells of the horse (Equus caballus)

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) containing rDNA gene clusters have been assigned to the equine autosomes ECA1, ECA28, and ECA31. Active NORs (Ag-NORs) are associated with argyrophilic proteins, which allow them to be readily identified using silver staining techniques. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for rDNA can also be used to visualize all NOR clusters in the nucleus, regardless of whether they are active or inactive. The present study analyzed the distribution and behavior of equine Ag–NOR and NOR clusters in horse spermatozoa and during male meiosis by FISH and silver staining. The NOR foci were observed to be variable in number, size, and shape, but were usually located centrally and appeared as one or two nucleolus-like structures in the spermatozoa head. ...

Effects of polymorphonuclear neutrophile infiltration into the endometrial environment on embryonic development in superovulated cows

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

The objective of the present study was therefore to analyze the effect of endometrial PMN infiltration on superovulation outcome. Cows were synchronized and superovulated receiving a total of three artificial inseminations within 24 h. Endometrial cytologic samples were collected by cytobrush technique at first artificial inseminations (AI) (d −1) and before embryo flush (d 7). Embryos were recovered by uterus flushing at Day 7 and evaluated for total cell number and apoptotic cell index. A total of 425 embryos were flushed out of 48 superovulated cows. The PMN dynamics from first AI to flushing had a significant effect on flushing outcome. Significant differences in terms of number of palpable corpora lutea (14.1 vs 7.2) and transferable embryos (8.8 vs 1.9) were found between cows with...

Embryo quality and transcervical technique are not the limiting factors in donkey embryo transfer outcome

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Embryo transfer (ET) in the donkey resulted in a very low recipient pregnancy rates. The aim of these studies was to investigate if nonsurgical transfer techniques or donkey embryo quality affect donkey recipient pregnancy failure. In Study 1, the impact of transfer technique was investigated by evaluating if cervical catheterization is associated with prostaglandin release and suppression of luteal function and if donkey recipients would become pregnant after nonsurgical transfer of horse embryos. Four jennies, from 5 to 8 d after ovulation, were submitted to a sham transcervical ET and to evaluation of PGFM and progesterone plasma concentrations. Five 8 d horse embryos were nonsurgically transferred into synchronized donkey recipients (HD). Cervical stimulation caused a transi...

Reference values for the genitalia of male dromedary before and after puberty using caliper and ultrasonography in subtropics

Theriogenology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to characterize the dynamic changes of the testes and the pelvic genitalia in vivo in male dromedary. Eighty-one clinically healthy male dromedaries aged 1.5 to 12 years were assigned for the present study. Testicular length, breadth, and depth as well as epididymal head and tail were measured using caliper and ultrasonography. The pelvic genitalia, including bulbourethral gland, prostate, and pelvic urethra were examined using ultrasonography. The results revealed that the three dimensions of the testes and epididymal tail and head showed significant increase with age (P < 0.01). Concerning the epididymal measurements, differences between the pre- and peri-pubertal groups were not significant. Left testes tended to be larger than the right (not ...

Similar rates of chromosomal aberrant secondary oocytes in two indigenous cattle (Bos taurus) breeds as determined by dual-color FISH

Theriogenology — Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: In vitro-matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes with corresponding first polar bodies (I pb) from two indigenous cattle (Bos taurus) breeds have been investigated to provide specific data upon the incidence of aneuploidy. A total of 165 and 140 in vitro-matured MII oocytes of the Podolian (PO) and Maremmana (MA) breeds, respectively, were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using Xcen and five chromosome-specific painting probes. Oocytes with unreduced chromosome number were 13.3% and 6.4% in the two breeds, respectively, averaging 10.2%. In the PO, out of 100 MII oocytes + I pb analyzed, two oocytes were nullisomic for chromosome 5 (2.0%) and one disomic for the same chromosome (1.0%). In the MA, out of 100 MII oocytes + I pb, one oocyte was found nullisomic for chromoso...

Effects of the GnRH analogue deslorelin implants on reproduction in female domestic cats

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of deslorelin, a GnRH agonist, implants in suppressing estrus behavior and matings in a controlled ambient environment in feline queens in the presence of a tomcat. Local and utero-ovarian side effects of deslorelin implants were also investigated. The queens were housed in groups and assigned to one of three treatments: group 1 received 9.5 mg deslorelin implants (N = 14), group 2 received 5 mg megestrol acetate tablets and 9.5 mg deslorelin implants (N = 7), and group 3 were given placebo implants (N = 7). All implants were placed subcutaneously cranial to the interscapular region under xylazine hydrochloride sedation. Ovarian activity was monitored by fecal estradiol (E2) analyses. The animals were observ...

Can caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) be transmitted by in vitro fertilization with experimentally infected sperm?

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: For each of the five fertilization trials of the experiment, frozen semen was prepared for in vitro capacitation at a concentration of 1 × 107 spz/ml and divided into three groups. One group was used as a control, while the two others were inoculated with 100 μl/ml of either culture medium from non-infected cells (placebo group) or cell culture medium containing virus at a concentration of 105 TCID50/ml (infected group). A total of 789 oocytes were used for IVF. For each of the five trials a group of oocytes were used as a non-infected control and were found to be caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) free. The other oocytes were divided in two equal batches. Oocytes in the first batch were in vitro fertilized with CAEV infected sperm (infected group) and the second batc...

The expression and putative role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor in bovine sperm

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, these observations provided evidence that BDNF secreted by bovine sperm was important in regulation of insulin and leptin secretion in ejaculated bovine sperm. Furthermore, BDNF may affect sperm mitochondrial activity and apoptosis, as well as their viability. (Source: Theriogenology)

Plasma insulin-like peptide 3 and testosterone concentrations in male dogs: Changes with age and effects of cryptorchidism

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, plasma INSL3 concentrations in male dogs measured by a newly developed TRFIA had a transient surge at a pubertal age, whereas testosterone did not. Lower plasma concentrations of INSL3 and testosterone in bilateral cryptorchid dogs suggest impaired endocrine functions of Leydig cell component in paired retained testes. Therefore, peripheral plasma INSL3 and testosterone concentrations have potential diagnostic value in predicting the presence of bilaterally retained testes in male dogs. (Source: Theriogenology)

Sequence analysis of feline oviductin and its expression during the estrous cycle in the domestic cat (Felis catus)

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Oviductins belong to a family of oviduct-specific glycoproteins believed to play an important role in fertilization and/or early embryonic development. Oviductin cDNA between species is highly conserved and shares 58% to 98% similarity in the deduced amino acid sequences. Our objective in this study was to sequence the full open reading frame of the feline oviductin and to examine its expression during the estrous cycle on both mRNA and protein level. The obtained cDNA containing the full open reading frame was determined to be 1677 nucleotides coding for a deduced protein of 558 amino acids. Identities between species range from 74% (mouse) to 80% (human, baboon, and rhesus) within the N-terminal protein region. Major differences were localized in the carboxy terminal region, w...

In vivo survival of domestic cat oocytes after vitrification, intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: We evaluated: (1) cleavage rate after IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of in vivo- and in vitro-matured oocytes after vitrification (experiment 1); and (2) fetal development after transfer of resultant ICSI-derived embryos into recipients (experiment 2). In vivo-matured cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were recovered from gonadotropin-treated donors at 24 h after LH treatment. In vitro-matured oocytes were obtained by mincing ovaries (from local veterinary clinics) and placing COCs into maturation medium for 24 h. Mature oocytes were denuded and cryopreserved in a vitrification solution of 15% DMSO, 15% ethylene glycol, and 18% sucrose. In experiment 1, for both in vivo- and in vitro-matured oocytes, cleavage frequencies after IVF of control and vitrified oocytes an...

The possibility of obtaining intergeneric hybrids via White Kołuda (Anser anser L.) goose insemination with fresh and frozen-thawed Canada goose (Branta canadensis L.) gander semen

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The objective of the present experiments was to produce the intergeneric hybrids of domesticated and wild goose via artificial insemination with fresh and frozen-thawed semen. The experiments were carried out during two successive goose reproductive seasons, on eight five-year-old Canada Goose (Branta canadensis L.) males used as semen donors and 16 two-year-old White Kołuda geese designated to fertility tests. Pooled semen was collected twice a week by the dorso-abdominal massage. In freshly collected semen, ejaculate volume, color, consistency, degree of fecal or blood contamination, spermatozoa concentration, motility, and morphology were evaluated. Part of the semen collected in the first year of the experiment (Experiment 1) was used for geese insemination with fresh semen, while the...

Renin mRNA is upregulated in testes and testicular cells in response to treatment with aflatoxin B1

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has been shown to affect fertility in many species; however, the exact molecular mechanisms associated with the disruption are not known. Our objectives were to determine changes in testicular gene expression due to exposure to AFB1 and to investigate which cell types were affected by treatment with AFB1. Male mice 4 wk of age were administered a daily placebo (control; N = 9) or 50 μg/kg AFB1 (AFB1 treated; N = 10) daily for 45 days. Males were then mated to four females each for 8 days. Male mice were characterized as being “Tolerant” (N = 3) or “Intolerant” (N = 3) to the effects of AFB1 based on positive terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining in the testes and the number of pups sired. Tolerant males produce...

Partial and total fish meal replacement by agricultural products in the diets improve sperm quality in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, a combination of ground nut oil cake, bean meal and sunflower oil cake (preferably when the sunflower is dehulled) in African catfish diet improves the sperm quality. (Source: Theriogenology)

Motility activation and metabolism characteristics of spermatozoa of the black-lip-pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera var: cumingii (Jameson, 1901)

Theriogenology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Motility of Pinctada margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758); var: cumingii (Jameson, 1901) (P. margaritifera) spermatozoa collected from gonads are not immediately activated at spawning in seawater (SW) but motility occurs when spermatozoa are transferred into alkaline seawater (pH ranging from 9.0 to 11.4). This motility-activating effect of alkaline pH is reversed when pH is shifted back to more acidic values. In both cases, activity of sperm (% motile cells) increases gradually after alkaline pH activation then lasts for several minutes. The characteristics of these fully motile spermatozoa are described in details at the level of flagella: the wave amplitude and wave-length range 5 to 6 μm and 15 μm respectively, while the flagellar beat frequency is approximately 49 Hz. The veloci...

Equine fetal sex determination using circulating cell-free fetal DNA (ccffDNA)

Theriogenology — Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, this study is apparently the first report of fetal sex determination in mares using ccffDNA. (Source: Theriogenology)

The effect of oviductal fluid on protein tyrosine phosphorylation in cryopreserved boar spermatozoa differs with the freezing method

Theriogenology — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Sperm capacitation takes place in the oviduct and protein tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm proteins is a crucial step in capacitation and acquisition of fertilizing potential. Cryopreserved spermatozoa show altered expression of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in the oviduct. The present study compared two freezing methods (conventional-conventional freezing (CF) and simplified-simplified freezing (SF) methods) for their effect on the ability of boar spermatozoa to undergo protein tyrosine phosphorylation in response to oviductal fluid (ODF). Cryopreserved boar-spermatozoa were incubated with pre- and post-ovulatory ODF for 6 h at 38 °C under 5% CO2. Aliquots of sperm samples were taken at hourly intervals and analyzed for kinematics and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Glob...

Amino acids in cat fallopian tube and follicular fluids

Theriogenology — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Aminograms of tubal and follicular fluids were obtained using fluids collected by aspiratory puncture from six cats. The amino acids were separated and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The serum of the cats was used as control. The three most prevalent amino acids quantified in cat tubal fluid were glycine, glutamic acid, and taurine. Their mean concentrations were 840 μmol/l (μm), 808 μm and 596 μm, respectively. The three most prevalent amino acids quantified in cat follicular fluid were alanine, glutamine, and taurine. Their mean concentrations were 359 μm, 351 μm, and 258 μm, respectively. This result is consistent with aminograms of tubal fluid previously determined in other mammals. As previously observed in other species and humans, gl...

Theriogenology — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 02:26:34 +0100

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Editorial Board

Theriogenology — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 02:26:34 +0100

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Effect of length of progesterone exposure during ovulatory wave development on pregnancy rate

Theriogenology — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, short-progesterone exposure during the growing and early-static phase of the ovulatory follicle (similar to 3-wave cycles) was not associated with higher fertility than a longer progesterone exposure (similar to 2-wave cycles). (Source: Theriogenology)

Ultrasound characteristics of experimentally induced luteinized unruptured follicles (LUF) and naturally occurring hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAF) in the mare