MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Traffic Injury Prevention' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 08:40:44 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593416&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239137%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Stronger night and passenger restrictions with increased compliance and greater application of alcohol-specific policies would likely be effective in reducing the alcohol-related and non-alcohol-related crashes of 16- to 17-year-olds. Increasing the licensing age beyond age 16 would supplement the effectiveness of these actions. PMID: 22239137 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593416 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593416 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593415&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239138%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Before restricting how long a novice driver can hold a learner license, as has been suggested by the Ministry of Transport, consideration should be given to the potential increased risk of offending once unsupervised driving is permitted. PMID: 22239138 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593415 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593414&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239139%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Most drivers in cities with long-standing red light camera programs support cameras and believe that the cameras have improved safety, but communities could do a better job of educating the public about the dangers of right-turn-on-red violations and the need for enforcement. Given that camera opponents frequently said cameras make mistakes, it appears that communities also could do a better job of explaining the safeguards that ensure that citations are issued only to drivers who clearly run red lights. PMID: 22239139 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593414 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593413&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239140%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: All 3 dimensions of drinking behavior are important determinants of alcohol-impaired driving, including frequency and average quantity consumed. Including these factors in regressions improves the estimates of the effects of all variables. PMID: 22239140 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593413 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593412&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239141%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Based on the analysis presented, this article recommends a number of steps that can be taken to evaluate current drugged driving enforcement procedures and to move toward the enactment of drug per se laws. PMID: 22239141 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593412 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593411&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239142%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The proportion of oral fluid samples containing psychoactive substances was lower for truck drivers than for car or van drivers. PMID: 22239142 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593411 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593410&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239143%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this article is to determine how to prevent road injuries in schoolchildren by reducing the prevalence of speeding. Methods: On a busy road in the neighborhood of a preschool and two secondary schools in Oberhaching (greater Munich, Germany), a board was mounted next to the road (visible to the drivers as well as the pedestrians). The board consisted of a picture of a smiling child. Underneath the picture, an LED display read "Thank you!" in green blinking letters when the speed limit was adhered to and "Slowly!" in red blinking letters when speeding was detected. The main outcome assessment was the number of drivers adhering to the speed limit in the experimental condition (i.e., facing the device) compared to the number in the control condition (on the same road within ... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593410 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593409&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239144%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: In front-to-rear crashes with two vehicles, typically one driver was severely injured, not both. The risk of severe injury was not significantly different for drivers in the front or rear impacts. The risk was higher in rear impacts due to intrusion into the driver's seating area that supported or pushed the driver's seat forward. The risk for drivers in frontal crashes was also often related to intrusion due to offset loading and occupant compartment deformation. PMID: 22239144 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593409 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593408&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239145%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Because pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users, stricter legislation and law enforcement should be used to protect them. Greater protection can also be reached by holding effective public awareness campaigns on how to use different roads safely. On the other hand, because rear seat passengers are at the same risk for road traffic injuries as front seat passengers, employment of newer laws and preventive measures targeting this group of occupants can prevent many road traffic injuries (RTIs). PMID: 22239145 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593408 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593407&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239146%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The matched tests showed no difference in occupant restraint with and without buckle pretensioning in 40 km/h (25 mph) rear-impact sled tests. Belt pretensioning did not influence occupant responses in these rear impacts because the seat supported the occupant. PMID: 22239146 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593407 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593406&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239147%26dopt%3DAbstract This study aims to determine the accuracy of WinSMASH ΔV reconstructions for NHTSA side crash tests. Methods: This study is based upon 168 dynamic side impact tests conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). For each crash test the actual ΔV for the struck vehicle was first determined from test instrumentation. WinSMASH was then used to reconstruct the struck vehicle ΔV for each test. WinSMASH-reconstructed ΔVs were compared to measured ΔVs for each test to assess reconstruction accuracy. Results: WinSMASH predicts ΔV at maximum crush, before restitution occurs. WinSMASH predictions of struck vehicle ΔV at maximum crush were 20 percent high on average when using vehicle specific stiffnesses, with a great deal of inter-case variability in the error. Wh... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593406 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593405&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239148%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The MIL-Lx is a new surrogate that represents the response of the natural tibia under axial impact loading better than the HIII. The inclusion of a boot has a significant effect on loads in the leg and may influence injury assessment results. The MIL-Lx will be a useful tool for predicting lower leg injury risk over a wide range of impact velocities. PMID: 22239148 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593405 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5593404&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22239149%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The literature reviewed in this study indicates that vehicles fitted with bull bars, particularly those without deformable padding, concentrate crash forces over a smaller area of vulnerable road users during collisions compared to vehicles not fitted with a bull bar. Rigid bull bars, such as those made from steel or aluminum, stiffen the front end of vehicles and interfere with the vital shock absorption systems designed in vehicle fronts. These devices therefore significantly alter the collision dynamics of vehicles, resulting in an increased risk of pedestrian injury and mortality in crashes. This literature review shows that bull bars do indeed increase the severity of injuries to vulnerable road users in the event of a collision and highlights the need for current traffic... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5593404 Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5593404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469095&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133329%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The findings support Jessor and Jessor's (1977) "problem behavior syndrome" by showing that traffic citations are related to texting and accessing the web while driving and that crashes are related to accessing the web while driving. Limitations and recommendations are discussed. PMID: 22133329 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469095 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469094&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133330%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: This study indicates that the use of hands-free cellular phones could significantly affect the safety of driving among the older and present risks, although lesser, for younger drivers. PMID: 22133330 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469094 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469093&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133331%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: GDL programs should incorporate education for the parent and novice driver regarding the increased risks associated with greater driving, particularly when the novice driver owns a vehicle. Parents should be encouraged to delay exclusive access to a vehicle. Parents should also consider whether their young novices will deliberately avoid police if they are aware of their location. This may reinforce not only the risky behavior but also young novices' beliefs that their parents condone this behavior. PMID: 22133331 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469093 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469092&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133332%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Lifestyle changes such as becoming widowed or divorced or retiring were associated with changes in mileages. Older drivers with worsening memory and physical mobility regulated their driving to some extent by avoiding more driving situations, confirming the hypothesis that some older drivers do take steps to compensate for increases in some perceived impairments. However, during the 3-year study period, reported changes were not large, perhaps because older drivers with larger changes were among those who dropped out (46% of those who took the first survey). PMID: 22133332 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469092 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469091&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133333%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The findings are highly consistent with the literature on road complexity and attention that show that increased driving complexity is associated with poorer performance on tasks designed to concurrently assess attention, an effect that is more pronounced for older drivers. The results point to intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) among older drivers. The relevance of these findings is discussed in relation to interventions and future research aimed at improving road safety. PMID: 22133333 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469091 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469090&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133334%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The age composition of US drivers has changed substantially between 1983 and 2008. In 1983, the largest group of drivers included those between 25 and 29 years of age. In contrast, in 2008, the largest group included those 70 years and older. PMID: 22133334 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469090 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469089&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133335%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The evidence of the early evening time period having a differential impact on older drivers is through a demonstration of an Injury Time Period × Age Category interaction. This interaction was found to substantiate the hypothesis that older drivers have a disproportionately higher rate of injury due to an MVC during the early evening time period than younger and middle-aged drivers. In identifying the early evening's time period as a time in which older drivers are more likely to experience injury from an MVC than younger and middle-aged drivers, we believe that our research adds insight into why age restrictions have not been successful in reducing crash rates in the older driver population. It is the compound effect of age-related changes and environmental conditions that c... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469089 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469088&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133336%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Findings indicate that black drivers are not more likely to be ticketed, despite perceptual biases that may exist among some drivers. These differences appear to be explained by demographic as well as regional factors. These results highlight the need for more research to understand the potential differences in driving behaviors between racial and ethnic groups. More research is also needed to develop countermeasures for racial and ethnic groups most at risk for motor vehicle violations and crashes. PMID: 22133336 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469088 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469087&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133337%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: A significant correlation between Euro NCAP pedestrian score and injury outcome in real-life car-to-pedestrian crashes was found. Injury reduction was found to be higher with increasing severity and level of permanent medical impairment. The difference between 1- and 2-star cars is 17 percent in mean risk of permanent medical impairment (mRSC) 1%+, 26 percent in mRSC 5%+, and 38 percent in mRSC 10%+ for crashes in speed zones up to 50 km/h. Brake assist was not found to provide a statistically significant injury reduction. PMID: 22133337 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469087 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469086&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133338%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Road traffic injuries have become a burgeoning public health problem in China. Programs need to be developed to prevent nonfatal injuries and fatalities caused by road traffic crashes in this emerging country. PMID: 22133338 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469086 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469086 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469085&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133339%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: After insight training, the ambulance drivers in this study assessed themselves as safer drivers in several important areas, including speed adaptation, closing up, and overtaking. In future training of ambulance drivers there should be more focus on insight training instead of previous training focusing on maneuvering capabilities. PMID: 22133339 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469085 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469084&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133340%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Notwithstanding some study limitations (lack of driver experience and low ecological validity), this evidence could provide important information for the specification of future Human-Machine-interaction (HMI) design guidelines. PMID: 22133340 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469084 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469083&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133341%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: To reduce the number of head-on conflicts on the aforementioned roads, some remedial measures are suggested, such as not constructing long "No Passing" zones and constructing passing lanes where necessary; keeping road width at the standard value; constructing roads with horizontal curves and a high radius and using appropriate road markings and overtaking-forbidden signs where it is impossible to modify the radius; providing enough light and installing caution signs/devices on the roads; and intensifying police control and supervision on workdays, especially in peak hours. PMID: 22133341 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469083 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469083 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5469082&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22133342%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 22133342 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5469082 Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5469082 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293072&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972851%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: States that adopt a basic GDL law can expect a decrease of 8 to 14 percent in the proportion of 16- and 17-year-old drivers involved in fatal crashes (relative to 21- to 25-year-old drivers), depending upon their other existing laws that affect novice drivers, such as those used in these analyses. This finding is consistent with recent national studies that used different outcome measures and covariates. The results of this study provide additional support for states to adopt, maintain, and upgrade GDL systems to reduce youthful traffic crash fatalities. PMID: 21972851 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293072 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293072 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293071&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972852%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results suggest that among drivers overall, exposure to driver improvement classes as a means to change drivers' behaviors is not significantly associated with fewer convictions for moving violations but may be effective in reducing crashes. PMID: 21972852 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293071 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293070&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972853%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Examples of interventions that are likely to have age-dependent effects consistent with the obtained differential age changes in the fatality rate are discussed. However, other interventions are also likely to have relevant age-dependent effects on the fatality rate. PMID: 21972853 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293070 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293069&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972854%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: This first population-based study in North America suggested that the prevalence of street racing at 1 in 5 of advanced or fully licensed high-schoolers in grades 11 and 12 poses significant public health concerns, especially related to the potential for unintentional injury. PMID: 21972854 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293069 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293068&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972855%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The RWR offers promise for older drivers to self-screen their ability to drive as well as provide education on safe driving, however modifications are recommended for this tool. PMID: 21972855 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293068 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293067&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972856%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: These findings highlight the situations that are particularly risky for older drivers and provide important insights for developing solutions to reduce older driver crash and injury risk. PMID: 21972856 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293067 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293066&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972857%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Although the impact of this program on reported driving behaviors yielded null results, descriptions of older drivers' habits and plans are informative. Because many participants were thinking about making changes to their driving habits, and many already had, the need for more effective self-regulation driving safety programs to help with this process is clear. PMID: 21972857 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293066 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293065&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972858%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The findings have implications on licensing practices and suggest the need for adequate strategies to assist young drivers with multiple failures in the driving and hazard perception tests. PMID: 21972858 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293065 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293065 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293064&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972859%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Most of the applicants for an exemption were able to complete the evaluation process successfully, thereby demonstrating safe driving despite their handicap. Consequently, jurisdictions that have visual field standards for their driving permit should implement procedures to evaluate drivers with visual field defects that render them unable to meet the standard but who wish to continue driving. PMID: 21972859 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293064 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293064 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293063&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972860%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The risk of child passengers being severely or fatally injured in MVCs is significantly higher when they are incorrectly restrained or exposed to unsecured heavy luggage. Appropriate crash investigations may provide important information regarding the injury mechanisms, which will be necessary for the implementation of preventive measures to reduce future fatalities. PMID: 21972860 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293063 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293063 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293062&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972861%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Results show that IIHS side crash test ratings encourage designs that improve crash protection in meaningful ways beyond encouraging head protection side air bags, particularly by promoting vehicle structures that limit occupant compartment intrusion. Results further highlight the need for a strong occupant compartment and its influence in all types of crashes. PMID: 21972861 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293062 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293061&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972862%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MOTHMO is capable of modeling whole-body response in far-side impacts. Furthermore, MOTHMO can be used as a virtual design tool to explore the effect of varying restraint parameters on occupant kinematics in far-side crash configurations. PMID: 21972862 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293061 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293060&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972863%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: We suggest that each group variable, attention-related error proneness and age, shows a particular combination of attentional network functioning that implies different ways of being distracted, which have different practical implications for safe driving. It can be inferred that drivers who are more prone to commit attentional errors while driving run less risk in situations in which they can deal with response conflict in the presence of valid cues because of the particular way in which their attentional networks are combined when a valid cue is present, could serve to compensate, with a better response conflict, their general slowdown and less endogenous preparedness for high-priority signs. It can be inferred that older drivers might show a reduction of the general state o... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293060 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293059&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972864%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: In general, the results provide overall support for ICWSs based on the DSRC technology concept. The broader implications of the research are discussed. PMID: 21972864 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293059 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5293058&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21972865%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Countdown timers may lead to increased entrance into the intersection during the later portions of the yellow and even the red. This alarming finding calls for further research as well as for serious consideration before the field deployment of countdown timers. PMID: 21972865 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5293058 Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5293058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131756&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823936%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: An earlier study that showed similar overall recidivism for these latency subgroups helped encourage Maryland to change its regulations governing license reinstatement. New regulations issued October 1, 2002, focused on 2 alcohol violations "during any period of time" where investigation indicated alcoholism or unaddressed alcohol problems. To obtain relicensure, these offenders could be required to enter or complete a lengthy certified alcohol treatment program. Our current results are consistent with these requirements. License reinstatement should be primarily guided by the extent of alcohol impairment, especially because both latency subgroups showed higher risks of recidivism than first offenders, who themselves had comparatively high risk. PMID: 21823936 [PubMed - in... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131756 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131756 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131755&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823937%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The social context of drinking is important for understanding the social network of drinking drivers, because most (86%) said that someone from their social network was with them at this drinking location. The need to understand how significant others influence the context of drinking as well as the likelihood of impaired driving is critical for program development. These results suggest that different types of interventions are needed for offenders depending on their social context of drinking. PMID: 21823937 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131755 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131754&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823938%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Teenagers are not as supportive of strong licensing policies as parents of teens, but there is evidence that they will support comprehensive policies likely to lead to further reductions in teen crash rates. PMID: 21823938 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131754 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131754 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131753&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823939%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The proposed model can describe the relationship between road traffic accidents and conflicts in a simple manner. According to our analysis, the model fits the present data. PMID: 21823939 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131753 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131753 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131752&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823940%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: In our population of stroke survivors, self-reports of motor vehicle collisions and driving convictions differed from government records. In future studies, the use of both government and self-reported data would ensure a more accurate picture of driving safety post-stroke. PMID: 21823940 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131752 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131751&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823941%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: All modern car-to-car crashes with a fatal outcome occurring at Swedish intersections from 2003 to 2009 were side impacts. The crashes were characterized by a senior front seat driver, traveling with a front seat passenger, hit on the left side at approximately 70 km/h. In this study all fatal crashes occurred at severities beyond those currently evaluated in side impact rating procedures but were within survivable limits for a non-senior occupant in a majority of cases. PMID: 21823941 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131751 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131751 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131750&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823942%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The tests show that ABTS seats involved significantly higher neck tensions, rearward shear forces, and extension moments than matched conventional seats. Overall, ABTS seats applied more load on the head and spine, had less control of neck kinematics, and had higher risks for whiplash and more severe injury than conventional seats in the same vehicle model. PMID: 21823942 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131750 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131750 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131749&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823943%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The overall result indicated differences in the dynamic response for the female and male volunteers. The results could be used in developing and evaluating a mechanical and/or mathematical average-sized female dummy model for rear impact safety assessment. These models can be used as a tool in the design of protective systems and for further development and evaluation of injury criteria. PMID: 21823943 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131749 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131749 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131748&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823944%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: None of the organizations investigated, that is, police, EMS, and health care facilities, have complete records on injuries and deaths caused by traffic accidents. We recommend the formulation and implementation of an integrated and multidisciplinary data collection system of national traffic accidents with the collaboration of police, Ministry of Health and Medical Education (EMS and hospitals), forensic medicine, and the Iranian Red Crescent. PMID: 21823944 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131748 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131747&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823945%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Overall, the insight provided by the current study may facilitate the development of interventions including rider training as well as public education and mass media messages. The findings suggest that these interventions should incorporate factors associated with the social nature of riding in order to best align it with some of the key beliefs and motivations underpinning riders' on-road behaviors. PMID: 21823945 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131747 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131746&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823946%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The present study is one of the few that focuses on testing the rib as an entire structure and can contribute to understanding of how the structural behavior of an individual rib contributes to the fracture tolerance of the overall thorax when undergoing frontal loading. PMID: 21823946 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131746 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131745&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823947%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: High bonnet leading edges led to increased neck loads in these simulations of pedestrian collisions. Neck loads were influential on head injury risk in the SUV/work utility simulations but not in sedan simulations. Subsystem impact tests may overestimate head impact risk from the hood itself but fail to capture a potentially important injury mechanism in collisions with vehicles with high leading edges and thus fail to differentiate completely risks posed by such vehicles. These results may have implications for the interpretation of pedestrian subsystem test results: a given HIC value in an SUV/WUV test may represent a relatively higher risk of injury than the same results recorded in a sedan test. PMID: 21823947 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131745 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131744&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823948%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Both the active (autonomous braking) and passive deployable system studied had a potential to decrease pedestrian upper body loading. An integrated pedestrian safety system combining the active and passive systems increased the potential of the individual systems in reducing pedestrian head and chest loading. PMID: 21823948 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131744 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131744 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5131743&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21823949%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the employment of curbed outside shoulders on high-speed roadways would not pose any significantly harmful effect on the occurrence of crashes, and on high-speed roadways with curbed outside shoulders, reducing the speed limit from 55 to 45 mph would not achieve any safety benefit. PMID: 21823949 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5131743 Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5131743 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940532&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660883%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Williams AF The widespread application of graduated driver licensing (GDL), starting in the mid-1990s, has greatly reduced young driver crashes. Substantial further reductions are possible by raising the licensing age to 17. This can be done indirectly, through extension of GDL policies (minimum learner age of 16, one-year holding period), or by legislation directly establishing 17 as the licensing age. Other approaches are likely to have limited impact. PMID: 21660883 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940532 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940532 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940531&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660884%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Data limitations prevented comparison of recidivism rates for convictions with and without PBJ. Reasons for not prosecuting are unknown, but the findings indicate that the decision is resulting in higher recidivism rates than would occur with prosecution and conviction. PMID: 21660884 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940531 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940531 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940530&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660885%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Though the receipt of driving citations is fairly common, an increasing number of driving citations demonstrates a relationship with criminal behavior. This relationship may be mediated by a number of psychological variables, including various Axis I and II disorders. PMID: 21660885 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940530 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940530 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940529&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660886%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: There are two main findings. First, states vary greatly in terms of the involvement of out-of-state drivers in fatal crashes. Second, the states with higher fatality rates tend to have higher percentages of out-of-state drivers among the persons involved in fatal crashes. However, whether this relationship is causative (ie, the extent of the involvement of out-of-state drivers among the persons involved in fatal crashes influences the states' overall fatality rates) or noncausative (eg, there is more out-of-state traffic in states with higher fatality rates) cannot be ascertained from the available data. The missing data concern the relative distance driven in each state by out-of-state drivers. PMID: 21660886 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940529 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940529 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940528&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660887%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Both probit models succeeded in identifying significant severity predictors for each facility. The binary probit model outperformed the ordered probit model based on the higher elasticities (marginal effects) for the fatality/severity probability change, as well as the goodness of fit. As such, this study provides the guidelines for assessing the impact of important roadway and traffic characteristics on crash injury severity along freeways and arterials. PMID: 21660887 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940528 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940527&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660888%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The obtained pattern of results could be due to either differential gender exposure to the different scenarios, differential gender capabilities to handle specific scenarios, or differential gender expectations of actions by other drivers based on their gender. The current lack of information on gender exposure in different scenarios, scenario-specific driver skills, and driver expectations based on other drivers' gender prevents ruling out any of these possible explanations. PMID: 21660888 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940527 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940526&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660889%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This study concluded that motorcycle drivers who perceived a high level of behavioral control, intention to use a motorcycle helmet, few barriers, high self-efficacy, and a high number of cues to action were the most likely to use a motorcycle helmet. PMID: 21660889 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940526 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940526 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940525&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660890%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Programs to improve the safety knowledge and behavior of children and adolescent cyclists, particularly focusing on helmet use, should be part of a comprehensive approach that encompasses legislative and environmental changes, including appropriate cyclist facilities and reduced speed limit in residential areas. PMID: 21660890 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940525 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940525 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940524&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660891%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Helmets are frequently not worn by ATV riders. Helmets protect ATV drivers and passengers and decrease societal costs associated with ATV crashes. PMID: 21660891 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940524 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940524 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940523&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660892%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The BioTab method provides for methodical and thorough evidenced-based analysis and documentation of injury causation in motor vehicle crashes. PMID: 21660892 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940523 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940523 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940522&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660893%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results appear to support contagion theory as a social mechanism influencing individual drivers' choices of speed. Several alternative explanations are introduced as partial explanations. In light of the traffic accident problem in the United Arab Emirates and recent police programs aimed at reducing this problem, such studies aid in determining the extent of speeding behavior and the effectiveness of recent initiatives. PMID: 21660893 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940522 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940522 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940521&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660894%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This study concluded that commercial automobile drivers in Bandar Abbas, Iran, are most in need of appropriate interventions based on improving their subjective norms and behavioral control. PMID: 21660894 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940521 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940520&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660895%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: NH&MP crash reporting needs to be simplified and standardized, and steps should be taken to improve its utilization for prevention purposes. PMID: 21660895 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940520 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940519&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21660896%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Recall training is more effective in enhancing comprehension of traffic signs than paired-associate learning and recognition training. The findings of this study provide a basis for useful recommendations for designing symbol-training programs to improve road safety for road users. PMID: 21660896 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940519 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4940519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681812&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469017%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Experience in other countries indicates that RBT is a minimally intrusive, cost-effective, and publicly accepted impaired driving countermeasure and that it would significantly improve the detection and deterrence of impaired drivers. Moreover, RBT is compatible with the Charter. PMID: 21469017 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681812 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681812 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681811&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469018%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Although New York State has reduced the prevalence of drinking and driving over the last quarter of a century, reducing alcohol-related fatalities by 61 percent, the finding that an estimated 31 million impaired driving trips occur annually on its roadways is staggering. The general deterrence model that has been implemented in New York clearly has had an effect on changing the behavior of many drivers who understand and reject the risks of driving after drinking. At the same time, however, it has become increasingly apparent that this approach is not sufficient to change the behavior of all drivers. These remaining drivers need a different combination of penalties, rewards, and assistance than current programs provide. More consistency and follow-up in dealing with impaired dr... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681811 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681811 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681810&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469019%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Several demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal correlates of risky drinking patterns were identified. Prevention efforts are needed to address the implications of these findings because they influence the health, safety, and military readiness of active duty personnel. PMID: 21469019 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681810 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681809&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469020%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Although HPLC is the widely used standard for measuring PEth in clinical alcoholism samples, the LCMSMS method, when calibrated to detect trace amounts of the major component of PEth, can detect abstinence levels of alcohol near zero intake and still correlate strongly with other indicators related to alcohol use and road safety. PMID: 21469020 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681809 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681808&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469021%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The evidence supports the view that drivers with more chronic medical conditions tend to cease driving or engage in driving avoidance. The myriad combinations of diseases and disease severity present a level of complexity that complicates making informed decisions about driving with multiple chronic medical conditions. PMID: 21469021 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681808 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681808 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681807&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469022%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Risky driving imposes significant costs, even controlling for substance use and drinking-driving. Interventions to reduce risky driving may be cost-saving to society. PMID: 21469022 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681807 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681807 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681806&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469023%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: These findings are among the first objective data documenting the nature of teenage driving exposure to known risk factors. The findings provide evidence that vehicle access is related to risk and suggest the potential safety benefit of parental management of novice teenage driving exposure. PMID: 21469023 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681806 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681806 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681805&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469024%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: ABS appears to be highly effective in preventing fatal motorcycle crashes based on some early adopters of motorcycle ABS technology. PMID: 21469024 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681805 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681805 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681804&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469025%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The mean of baseline perception-reaction time of motorcycle riders is smaller than that of passenger car drivers. If traffic facilities are designed based on passenger car drivers' simple perception-reaction times where drivers are generally more alert (for example, in traffic signal design), they can provide the required PRT for motorcyclists. This suggests that the utilization of more powerful brake lights on motorcycles could be highly effective for preventing rear-end motorcycle collisions. PMID: 21469025 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681804 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681803&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469026%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: We observed that most subjects maintain a relatively consistent head-to-restraint distance throughout their driving route; 2 subjects adopted very large head restraint backset distances throughout their drive and 2 others adopted very small head restraint backset distances-this appears to reflect driver posture. Twelve of 14 subjects had average backset distances that exceed the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard guidelines, indicating that most drivers may be at risk for whiplash-like disorders if exposed to a rear impact while driving. Of the monitored driving tasks, turning, especially right turns, caused drivers to increase their head-to-restraint backset distance. PMID: 21469026 [PubMed - in process] (Source: T... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681803 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681802&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469027%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results call for further studies of hand position on the steering wheel during naturalistic driving in traffic areas where rear-end impacts are frequent, particularly because upper hand position might affect spinal posture and thereby increased backset distance between the back of the head and the head restraint (backset), which influences neck injury risk in rear-end impacts. PMID: 21469027 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681802 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681801&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469028%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: A better knowledge of the drivers' visual search strategies when changing lanes could help in identifying suboptimal strategies at-risk of causing crashes and also serves to develop retraining programs. PMID: 21469028 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681801 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4681800&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21469029%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The findings justified the implementation of these treatments on rural roads in terms of benefits for reduction in both crash rate and crash cost. PMID: 21469029 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4681800 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4681800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451106&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259167%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Results suggest that many parents will support comprehensive licensing policies. Many of these policies are known to reduce teenage crash involvement. For others, research evidence of their effects is lacking and needs to be established. PMID: 21259167 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451106 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451106 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451105&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259168%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results indicate a strong support for the method from involved authorities, but participation could be improved by giving more attention to neglected groups. PMID: 21259168 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451105 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451105 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451104&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259169%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Specific ICD-10 codes for MVC deaths depends on the level of detail provided by the ME in the "How Injury Occurred" and "If Transportation Injury Specify" death certificates sections. We have worked to ensure that key information is available to MEs in the brief PAR and educated MEs on the importance of this information to reduce the frequency of nonspecific codes and enhance injury prevention research. PMID: 21259169 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451104 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451103&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259170%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hanson TR, Hildebrand ED The stated and revealed travel behavior of a sample of 60 rural drivers aged 54-92 years provided a basis to explore the potential effectiveness of two common driver's license restrictions aimed at older drivers: time of day and road class. The potential utility and impact of these restrictions have not been explored with revealed data for jurisdictions with a large population of rural older drivers where automobile dependence is high. Data were drawn from a multiday Global Positioning System-based travel diary survey of rural older drivers in New Brunswick, Canada. Revealed travel data showed that over 50 percent of the rural drivers in the sample did not drive after dark, and 40 percent drove less than 1 percent of their total surveyed kilometers on ... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451103 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451102&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259171%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This research has shown that considering the effects of work zone location, duration, time of day, and worker activity can have the most significant impact on risk of injury to workers. Understanding these factors can provide a basis for planning and design of work zones to improve worker safety. PMID: 21259171 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451102 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451101&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259172%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Drivers in crashes who were intoxicated or fatigued were less likely to be wearing a safety belt and more likely to have contributed to the crash and experience serious injury or death. Severity of injury related to seat placement is moderated by safety belt use. PMID: 21259172 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451101 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451100&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259173%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: This study revealed that automobile drivers who perceived more subjective norms, more behavioral control, greater intention to use seat belts as well as more benefits and fewer barriers were more likely to use their seat belts. PMID: 21259173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451100 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451099&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259174%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: These data suggest that shortening the rear seat cushion alone will not necessarily prevent submarining, but this does allow improved seated posture of the occupant, thus reducing submarining risk. This study has also shown that the collapse of the front edge of the seat cushion is a critical factor in submarining risk. PMID: 21259174 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451099 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451098&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259175%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Head injuries with seatback or side interior contact typically included a PDOF greater than 10 degree (similar to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety [IIHS] and EuroNCAP offset frontal testing) and vehicle maneuvers. For seatback contact, the vehicle's movements contributed to occupant kinematics inboard the vehicle, causing a less than optimal restraint of the torso and/or torso roll out of the shoulder belt. For side interior contact, the PDOF and/or maneuvers forced the occupant toward the side interior. The cases without evidence of head/face contact were characterized by high crash severity and accompanied by severe injuries to the thorax and spine. These data lead to increased understanding of the injury patterns and causation in this crash restraint scenario so t... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451098 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451097&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259176%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The data fail to support the hypothesis that the increased safety provided by motorcycle helmet use is offset by more risk-taking while riding. The only evidence of risk compensation was that helmet use increased with greater amounts of travel. PMID: 21259176 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451097 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451097 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451096&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259177%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: We observed a large degree of variability in cervical axial rotation during driving. We observed that most of the driving tasks related to stopping had increased proportion of time out of neutral rotation. Also, right-hand lane changes increased time out of neutral rotation more than left-hand lane changes. Drivers routinely adopt nonneutral head positions (on average 13% of the time); this is likely not enough to lead to injury. PMID: 21259177 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451096 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451096 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451095&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259178%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: This study offers quantitative generic restraint-based data and addresses response differences between dummies and dummies of the same family. Because of increased sensitivity to belt types at the upper and lower necks for both forces and moments, the THOR appears to be an improvement to better assess injury potential to rear seat occupants wherein frontal impact air bags do not exist. PMID: 21259178 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451095 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451094&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259179%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The street-crossing behavior of pedestrians was time dependent. Pedestrians behave differently under the effects of various factors. Pedestrian safety interventions that aim at reducing pedestrian injuries may need to consider these effects. The pedestrians' behavioral modifications, such as enhancing the safety awareness, might be the most efficient means to reducing the likelihood of pedestrian violation, though environmental modifications also worked well in improving pedestrian safety. PMID: 21259179 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451094 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4451093&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21259180%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Our results showed that the rate of seat belt use in Iran as a developing country is very low. Thus, developing and implementing effective interventional programs in order to promote seat belt use among car drivers is recommended. The findings of this study provide preliminary support for the TPB model as a more effective framework than HBM for examining seat belt use in car drivers. Our results demonstrated that TPB has greater predictive utility than HBM in seat belt use intention. PMID: 21259180 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4451093 Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4451093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242263&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128181%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Most drivers reported talking on phones while driving, even though earlier surveys have found that most people think this behavior should be banned. Fewer drivers overall reported texting, but the frequency of texting was higher among young drivers. Laws banning handheld phone use seem to discourage some drivers from talking on any type of phone and motivate some drivers to talk hands-free. Laws banning texting while driving have little effect on the reported frequency of texting while driving in any age group. PMID: 21128181 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242263 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242262&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128182%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Most teens surveyed reported having talked or read or sent a text message using a cell phone while driving. Somewhat less than half engaged in one of these behaviors the last time they drove. However, many teens reported using strategies to reduce this risk and in certain instances, cell phone nonuse was the normative behavior. Better measurement of the extent and nature of phone use while driving is needed. PMID: 21128182 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242262 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242261&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128183%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Despite legislation being in place, drivers' handheld cell phone use is still a major road safety concern, particularly for young and middle-aged drivers. The effectiveness of other strategies for decreasing handheld usage rates, including increased surveillance and tougher penalties, need to be ascertained. PMID: 21128183 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242261 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242260&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128184%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sivak M, Schoettle B Background: From 2005 to 2009, U.S. road fatalities dropped by 22 percent (from 43,510 to 33,963). A reduction of such magnitude over such a short time has not occurred since road safety statistics were first kept (starting in 1913), except for the reductions during World War II. Objective: The study was performed to contribute to our understanding about the mechanisms that could be responsible for this unprecedented drop in road fatalities by analyzing the detailed information from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)-a census of all U.S. crashes that involve a fatality. Method: The study compared the data for 2005 (the recent peak year in terms of road fatalities) with the data for 2008 (the latest year for which detailed data are available). Th... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242260 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242259&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128185%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: A high proportion of teen crashes involve the presence of other teens as passengers at the time of the crash. There is a need to find effective ways to reduce these crashes. PMID: 21128185 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242259 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242258&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128186%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Community trained observers do show good sensitivity and specificity for identifying the type of restraint but have a trend toward poorer judgment when determining harness appropriateness and overall appropriateness. They may be a cost-effective option for limited restraint identification. PMID: 21128186 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242258 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242257&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128187%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The benefits of seat belt use for all seating positions and at low and medium speeds and awareness of passenger seat belt responsibility need to be promoted. Enforcement should be applied more consistently. PMID: 21128187 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242257 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242256&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128188%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Good correlation was found between Euro NCAP test results and real-world injury outcomes. The largest difference in injury risk between 2- and 5-star rated cars in Euro NCAP was found for risk of fatality, confirming that car manufacturers have focused their safety performance on serious crash outcomes. In addition, Euro NCAP crash tests were shown to be highly correlated with serious crash performance, confirming their relevance for evaluating real-world crash performance. Good concordance was found between Euro NCAP and Folksam real-world crash and injury ratings. PMID: 21128188 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242256 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242255&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128189%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results supported the need for identifying the risk group for OSA among express bus drivers and the need to diagnose them early for an early intervention. PMID: 21128189 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242255 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242254&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128190%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The risk of CSHI for 4- to 15-year-old child occupants was 1.08 percent. Several demographic and crash factors were associated with CSHI in child occupants. This information may help inform design safety initiatives. PMID: 21128190 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242254 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242253&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128191%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The new pelvis for the 6YO Hybrid III ATD better represents the skeletal and flesh geometry of similar-sized children. The ATD equipped with the new pelvis is more sensitive to lap belt geometry than the standard ATD. The modified ATD may provide an improved assessment of booster seats and belt restraints intended for child occupants. PMID: 21128191 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242253 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242252&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128192%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: These results are consistent with the presence of stiffening heterogeneities within the costal cartilage structure. These effective modulus values may provide guidance for the representation of the costal cartilage in whole-body FE models where these heterogeneities cannot be modeled distinctly. PMID: 21128192 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242252 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242251&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128193%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: We confirm the negative relationship between traffic flow (congestion) and injury severity of PTWs casualties. This is clearly identified, at least for motorcycle casualties, although moped casualties present similar impacts as well. As a result, alleviating congestion through PTWs promotion turns out to be a trade-off between congestion and safety that public officers must consider. The article also highlights the need of awareness campaigns and safety policies focused on specific groups of drivers. Attention should also be given to the enforcement of speed limits and alcohol restrictions in Barcelona. PMID: 21128193 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242251 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242250&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128194%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Based on results obtained, it can be concluded that pedestrians as well as drivers are making better decisions using the time left to cross the street displayed on pedestrian countdown signals at signalized intersections in the city of Charlotte, North Carolina. PMID: 21128194 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242250 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4242249&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21128195%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The in-pavement flashing light system is seen to be effective to improve motorists' yielding behavior and the speeds of vehicles were also observed to decrease in the presence of pedestrians. PMID: 21128195 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4242249 Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4242249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023804&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872298%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Compared to highly intoxicated (blood alcohol concentration [BAC] ≥.15) drivers killed in traffic crashes, the high-BAC arrestees were substantially more likely to be problem drinkers and to report drinking and driving more often. The limited resources available for combating impaired driving should not be solely allocated to problem drinkers, hardcore drinkers, or repeat offenders because, at most, they constitute only about half of the impaired-driving problem in the United States. General deterrent strategies have the best chance of impacting the total population of at-risk drinking drivers. PMID: 20872298 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023804 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023804 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023803&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872299%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study will facilitate the process of identifying the correct categories of drugs ingested by suspected drug-impaired drivers by focusing on critical signs and symptoms of drug influence. This work will have direct and immediate relevance to the training of drug recognition experts (DREs) by providing the foundation for an innovative, statistically based approach to drug classification decisions by DREs. This research will also facilitate the enforcement of drug-impaired driving laws in Canada to help make Canadian roadways safer for all. PMID: 20872299 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023803 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023803 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023802&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872300%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Accident involvement, and especially involvement in road traffic accidents, was common among drug-dependent patients. Many accidents occurred in the year prior to treatment initiation. Furthermore, drug-dependent patients often undertook risky activities while under the influence of drugs. There is a need to implement accident prevention strategies, especially strategies that target road traffic accidents, in treatment programs for drug-dependent patients. PMID: 20872300 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023802 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023802 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023801&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872301%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Although increased rates of cell phone use while driving should be leading to increased crash rates, crash rates have been declining. Reasons for this paradox are unclear. One possibility is that the increase in cell phone use and crash risk due to cell phone use have been overestimated. Another possibility is that cell phone use has supplanted other driving distractions that were similarly hazardous. PMID: 20872301 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023801 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023800&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872302%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Simulation-based feedback training is promising for short-term education in novice drivers but may be more effective in the long-term for drivers with higher levels of experience. Drivers with more experience appear to have a greater, more sustained benefit from the training than novices. Additional research is needed to better tailor this education method toward novice drivers. Impact: Simulation-based participative education approach through feedback needs to be better tailored toward novice drivers. PMID: 20872302 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023800 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023800 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023799&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872303%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The course was well received and serves its purpose of providing parents with important knowledge they found useful. Results suggest that the course has beneficial effects, although the extent to which teen driving behavior and crash involvement is affected by the parent training is not known. PMID: 20872303 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023799 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023799 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023798&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872304%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: SET exhibited a higher training effectiveness of hazard response and handling than VGET in the simulated transfer test. The superiority of SET might benefit from the higher levels of metacognition and intrinsic motivation during training, which was observed in the experiment. Future research should be conducted to assess whether the advantages of error training are still effective under real road conditions. PMID: 20872304 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023798 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023798 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023797&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872305%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Although ABS and ESP systems are typically associated with positive effects on accident occurrence, the results of this research revealed significant related effects on accident severity as well. Moreover, accident consequences are more severe when the most harmful event of the accident occurs later within the accident chain. PMID: 20872305 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023797 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023797 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023796&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872306%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that poor vision, as indicated by the Snellen scale and low mVF-14 scores, correlates to self-imposed driving limitations. The mVF-14 showed further distinctions of self-restriction between individuals in the same Snellen Visual Acuity category. Therefore, using the mVF-14 in addition to the Snellen Visual Acuity Test can be helpful to further differentiate visual ability within older drivers who appear to have normal vision. PMID: 20872306 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023796 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023796 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023795&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872307%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that pedestrian crashes are 4 times more frequent in poor neighborhoods and that neither age of the population, education, English language fluency, nor population density explained the effect of poverty. PMID: 20872307 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023795 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023794&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872308%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: WHIPS reduced peak T1 horizontal acceleration by 39 percent compared to sled acceleration. This was within the range previously reported for WHIPS, between 30 and 60 percent, but higher than the 16 percent reduction previously reported due to active head restraint. Absorption of crash energy occurred during the initial 75 ms and the onset of head support occurred at 114 ms. Differential head-torso motions occurred prior to and during head support, indicating the potential for neck injury even with WHIPS. PMID: 20872308 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023794 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023794 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023793&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872309%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Helmet use by motorcyclists in Ghana is generally low. There is a need for public awareness campaigns on the safety benefits of helmets to increase its prevalence in Ghana. The education on helmet use must be accompanied by sustained enforcement of the road traffic law by the traffic police to ensure compliance and change in attitudes. PMID: 20872309 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023793 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023792&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872310%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Long duration of the crash pulse does not lead to high injury risk as long as the mean and peak acceleration are low. In the design of cars and roadside objects the main design criteria should be acceleration and not delta V, due to the findings that long duration could be handled. PMID: 20872310 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023792 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4023791&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20872311%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The finding of this study suggested that the vehicle volume should be included into the guideline for stop sign use. Therefore, engineers and decision makers are encouraged to routinely check available sight distances at passive crossings controlled by crossbucks only and add stop signs to the crossings with insufficient sight distances. Additionally, it is suggested that advanced warning signs should be jointly used at stop-controlled crossings to maximize the safety effect. However, stop signs were less effective at crossings with higher train speeds or track classifications, where active warning devices may be a better safety solution for grade crossings. PMID: 20872311 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4023791 Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4023791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896669&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730679%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: The number of traffic cases investigated for substances other than ethanol were consistently low, in the range of 200 to 300 per year during the period from 1997 to 2006, but after the introduction of fixed concentration limits in 2007 a 5-fold increase was seen already in 2008. PMID: 20730679 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896669 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896668&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730680%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The relationship between drunk-driving behavior and alcohol dosage was supported in this study. Noticeably, no significant difference was found between drunk driving and post-alcohol driving, indicating that even in the post-alcohol situation, the impairment still remained significant enough to jeopardize traffic safety as much as it does in the case of drunk driving. In real-life situations, adopting a rest-time strategy to avoid post-alcohol impairment effects may not be the most appropriate solution by drivers; rather, drivers should be given some tests to verify the probability of post-alcohol effects on driving. PMID: 20730680 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896668 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896667&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730681%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: Cognitive deficits and problems in vehicle control resulting from chronic alcohol consumption may impact binge drinkers' abilities to perform adequately, even in a sober driving situation. In addition, non-binge drinkers with a low income were more prone to make unsafe choices compared to non-binge drinkers with a high income. Further implications of the results in transportation safety and alcohol addiction were also discussed. PMID: 20730681 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896667 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896666&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730682%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The substantial economic and societal costs associated with these injuries and deaths reinforce the need to implement evidence-based, cost-effective strategies. Evidence-based strategies that target increasing seat belt use, increasing child safety seat use, increasing motorcyclist and pedalcyclist helmet use, and decreasing alcohol-impaired driving are available. PMID: 20730682 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896666 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896665&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730683%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The difficulties in recruiting families for a study of in-vehicle monitoring and feedback technology suggest that gaining broad acceptance may be challenging. Although many teenagers were annoyed by the technology, most said they drove more safely because of it. Sending report cards to parents and allowing teenagers to correct behavior before parents are notified may increase the usefulness and acceptability of monitoring systems. PMID: 20730683 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896665 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896665 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896664&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730684%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: From Part 1, the theoretical CPI equation for four body regions demonstrated acceptable fidelity when provided field injury rates (R(2)= 0.92), with the equation-based CPIs being approximately 12 percent lower than those of ideal correlation. From Part 2, the 2011 NCAP protocol (i.e., application of a four-body-region CPI equation whose inputs were from risk curves) generally increased both the CPIs and their dispersion relative to the current NCAP protocol. However, the CPIs generally increased due to an emphasis on neck injury-an emphasis not observed in real-world crashes. Subject to alternative risk curves for the neck and chest, again there was increased dispersion of the CPIs, but the unrealistic emphasis on the neck was eliminated. However, risk estimates for the knee/t... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896664 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896663&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730685%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The highest relative risk for severe injury of unbelted occupants was in frontal crashes <15 mph. Most of the crashes involved multiple impacts and air bag deployment in the accident sequence. The use of long fill-time side curtains, additional curtain deployment logic, limited deflation front air bags and broader curtain coverage of the front interior may address these injuries. PMID: 20730685 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896663 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896662&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730686%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The results indicate that many errors are currently occurring in the way children are using restraints, as well as problems associated with the way child restraint systems are installed in vehicles. Incorrect use is particularly problematic in convertible restraints (rearward-facing/forward-facing restraints and forward-facing restraints/booster seats). Different priorities, in terms of the frequency and potential degradation in crash protection due to incorrect use for different restraint types, exist and these are important for those designing countermeasures to this problem. PMID: 20730686 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896662 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896661&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730687%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Parent DP, Crandall JR, Bolton JR, Bass CR, Ouyang J, Lau SH The limited availability of pediatric biomechanical impact response data presents a significant challenge to the development of child dummies. In the absence of these data, the development of the current generation of child dummies has been driven by scaling of the biomechanical response requirements of the existing adult test dummies. Recently published pediatric blunt thoracic impact response data provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of these scaling methodologies. However, the published data include several processing anomalies and nonphysical features. These features are corrected by minimizing instrumentation and processing error to improve the fidelity of the individual force-deflection respons... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896661 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896660&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730688%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusion: It was indicated that vehicle type is the most important factor associated with drivers being responsible for the crashes. The results also revealed that younger drivers (18-28 years) are most likely to be at fault in overtaking crashes. Therefore, enforcement and education should be more concentrated on this age group. Due to the incompliant nature of this group, changing the type and amount of traffic fines is essential for more preventing objectives. The research also found 2 relatively new factors of driving license and driving experience to have considerable effects on drivers being at fault, such that type 2 licensed drivers are more responsible compared to type 1 (a driving license for driving with all motor vehicles, which has some age and experience requirements) licen... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896660 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896659&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730689%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: These data suggest that assessment of ejection prevention systems using either a 50th or 5th percentile adult anthropomorphic test dummy (ATD) might provide a reasonable measure of system function for a broad range of occupants. They also support the development of ejection mitigation technologies that extend beyond the first row to protect occupants in rear seat positions. Future studies should consider potential interaction effects (i.e., occupant size and vehicle dimensions) and the influence of occupant size on ejection risk in non-single-event rollovers. PMID: 20730689 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896659 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896658&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730690%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: We determined the gap between existing research and the two salient problems of China's traffic and pointed out directions for future research. PMID: 20730690 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896658 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3896657&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20730691%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: These results suggest that stationary close-proximity occupants may not represent the only scenario of side air bag deployment harmful to the thoraco-abdominal region. The sensitivity of the viscous metric and implications for visceral trauma are also discussed. PMID: 20730691 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3896657 Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3896657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672150&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544564%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The finding that drug use is more common than alcohol use among drivers highlights the need for a unique and separate societal response to the use of drugs by drivers commensurate with the extent of safety risks posed to road users. The observed differences between driving after drug use and driving after drinking have implications for enforcement and prevention. PMID: 20544564 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672150 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672150 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672149&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544565%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the lower level of risky driving and significantly reduced crash risk for Australian drivers born in Asian countries relative to those born locally. Further research is needed to examine factors underlying this reduced risk and the impact of the length of residence in the host country. PMID: 20544565 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672149 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672149 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672148&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544566%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The other driver's aggressive behavior is significantly associated with increased accidents, except for Turkish male drivers. It seems that another driver's aggressive behavior can be important in predicting crashes-even more important than aggressive behavior on the part of the driver him- or herself. PMID: 20544566 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672148 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672148 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672147&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544567%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Graduated licensing laws that include strong nighttime and passenger restrictions and laws that delay the learner's permit age and licensing age are associated with lower teenage fatal crash rates. States that adopt such laws can expect to achieve substantial reductions in crash deaths. PMID: 20544567 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672147 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672146&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544568%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONs: A strong community initiative backed by support at the provincial level can be successful in a largely rural and sparsely populated northern region despite the challenges faced in such regions. PMID: 20544568 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672146 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672145&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544569%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent episodes of SH occur in a minority of insulin-treated diabetic patients. However, two thirds of them still held a valid driving license even for commercial vehicles, which violates the medical standards for diabetes and driving. PMID: 20544569 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672145 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672145 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672144&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544570%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Traffic rule violations, such as illegal overtaking, overloading, and taking passengers outside the bus bays, are significant risk factors for private bus crashes in Sri Lanka. PMID: 20544570 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672144 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672144 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672143&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544571%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Despite some unnecessary or annoying warnings, most Volvo and Infiniti owners use crash avoidance systems most of the time. Among early adopters, the first requirement of effective warning systems (that owners use the technology) seems largely met. Systems requiring activation by drivers for each trip are used less often. Owner experience with the latest technologies from other automobile manufacturers should be studied, as well as for vehicles on which technologies are standard (versus optional) equipment. The effectiveness of technologies in preventing and mitigating crashes and injuries, and user acceptance of interfaces, should be examined as more vehicles with advanced technologies penetrate the fleet. PMID: 20544571 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Preve... Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672143 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672142&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544572%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: More aggressive educational campaigns and increased enforcement of the car seat laws are needed to improve the awareness of parents on the efficacy of CORs. PMID: 20544572 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672142 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672142 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672141&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544573%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Neither fracture location nor force was strongly dependent on mesh density as long as the element size was less than 5 x 5 mm(2). Both the fracture location and force were strongly dependent upon the threshold density used to define the thickness of the cortical shell. PMID: 20544573 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672141 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3672140&cid=s_36122_48_f&fid=36122&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20544574%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In crashes with two front occupants, typically one occupant was severely injured, not both. Overall, the odds ratio was 3.28 for one compared to two occupants being severely injured; and, risks vary by seat belt use and seating position. The highest relative risk for unbelted versus belted occupants was 9.22 when both occupants were severely injured in the same crash. PMID: 20544574 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention) Traffic Injury Prevention journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3672140 Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3672140