MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Virchows Archiv' source. Fri, 19 Mar 2010 16:10:06 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3372312&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffww6616514k4462t%2F This study investigated the relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of mtTFA and various clinicopathological variables in 276 endometrial carcinomas, including 245 endometrioid adenocarcinomas and 31 nonendometrioid carcinomas (21 serous carcinomas and 10 clear cell adenocarcinomas). Both uni- and multivariate regression analyses were performed. The mtTFA labeling index of endometrioid adenocarcinomas ranged from 0% to 98%, with a median value of 32%, which was selected as the cut-off point for mtTFA expression. The mtTFA expression in endometrioid adenocarcinomas was significantly associated with the surgical stage, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, cervical invasion, and lymph node metastasis. In contrast, no correlation between clinicopathologic v... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3372312 Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:55:00 +0100 3372312 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3361223&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpp28759645874646%2F Abstract  Two N-terminal isoforms characterize the p63 protein: the transactivating isoform TAp63 and the amino-terminal truncated isoform ΔNp63. Two further N-terminal isoforms lacking exon 4 (d4TAp63 and ΔNp73L) have been reported. Purpose of the study was to investigate the molecular expression of N-terminal p63 isoforms in benign and malignant breast tissues. Eighteen randomly selected cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) of luminal type, two cases of in situ duct carcinoma (DCIS/DIN), and 20 specimens of normal and benign breast tissues were studied. All cases were immunostained for p63. Reverse polymerase chain reaction and nested PCR were performed to evaluate p63 N-terminal expression patterns. These isoforms whenever present were validated by sequencing. All ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3361223 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:12:45 +0100 3361223 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3361224&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm846t81078080548%2F In this study, our aim is to investigate whether a 2-marker panel is enough to distinguish between these two gynecologic malignancies. Additionally, we wish to determine which one is the most favorable among eight panels tested, including six 2-marker (ER/CEA, PR/CEA, Vim/CEA, ER/p16INK4a, PR/p16INK4a, Vim/p16INK4a) and two 3-marker (ER/Vim/CEA, ER/Vim/p16INK) panels. A tissue microarray was constructed using paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissues from 35 hysterectomy specimens, including 14 primary endocervical adenocarcinomas and 21 primary endometrial adenocarcinomas. Utilizing the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method, tissue array sections were immunostained with five commercially available antibodies (ER, Vim, CEA, PR, and p16INK4a) to evaluate their individual frequencies of ex... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3361224 Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:40:39 +0100 3361224 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3361225&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F420330m2k6r0m84j%2F Abstract  Tubulointerstitial nephritis is a common clinicopathological finding in leptospirosis. Clinically, nonoliguric acute kidney injury (AKI), hypokalemia, sodium, and magnesium wasting frequently occur in leptospirosis. The exact mechanisms of renal involvement remain largely unclear. Immunohistochemistry to detect expression of the endogenous sodium/hydrogen exchanger isoform 3 (NHE 3), aquaporin 1 and 2, α-Na+K+ATPase, and sodium–potassium–chloride cotransporter in its NKCC2 isoform was performed on kidneys removed during autopsy of human leptospirosis cases and kidneys removed during autopsy of human non-leptospirosis cases with and without evidence of acute tubular necrosis (ATN). A decrease in NHE 3, aquaporin 1, and α-Na+K+ATPase expression occurred in prox... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3361225 Wed, 10 Mar 2010 18:54:57 +0100 3361225 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3315704&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv2337q4g447qp872%2F Abstract  Quality assessment of the tissue stored in a tumor biobank is crucial because it is estimated that approximately 10% of the frozen samples are unsuitable for a molecular analysis mainly because of sampling problems in the tissue. We studied the value of imprint cytology (IC) versus frozen section to quantify necrosis and tumor cells in the tissue. The amount of tumor cells and necrosis was assessed by one pathologist on the frozen sections and ICs independently on 100 consecutive tumor samples. It was expressed as a percentage on frozen sections and on a four-level semiquantitative scale for IC (0 to 3+). Overall agreement between the quantity of tumor cells on IC and on frozen section was fair (Κ = 0.23). Sensitivity and specificity of IC to detect the absen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3315704 Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:43:28 +0100 3315704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3313388&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc777g2438557746p%2F In this study, 30 AC samples representing a range of disease stages consistent with early to intermediate OA were examined for the occurrence of pannus-like tissue. All AC samples were examined immunohistochemically and compared with cartilage from three mature-looking osteophytes. To accomplish this, serial cartilage sections, derived from total knee arthroplasty specimens, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and probed with antibodies raised against collagen type I, collagen type II, and aggrecan. Pannus-like tissue ranging from fibrous tissue to fibrocartilage was observed in 3 out of 30 AC samples. The appearance of this tissue was restricted to cartilage displaying signs of intermediate deterioration consistent with Outerbridge grade 2. Collagen type I, collagen type II, an... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3313388 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:52:40 +0100 3313388 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3313389&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu378g6l55rx32476%2F Abstract  A 37-year-old Japanese man with a solid and cystic pancreatic mass was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed a well-demarcated solid and cystic mass measuring approximately 3.0 cm in diameter in the pancreatic body. The patient underwent middle segment pancreatectomy, and the retrieved tumor specimen was found to be a well-demarcated solid and cystic lesion measuring 3.0 × 3.0 cm. On histological examination, the cyst walls were found to be lined with a monolayer of non-atypical tall columnar epithelial cells. The solid areas surrounded the cystic ones and showed storiform proliferation of spindle cells that contained round, oval, or elongated nuclei and were present among abundant collagen fibers. The solid areas sent phylloid proj... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3313389 Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:52:39 +0100 3313389 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285968&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbn7281u1q1848858%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Invited EditorialDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0875-yAuthors Louis Guillou, University of Lausanne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Pathology Department of Pathology Lausanne SwitzerlandPancras C. W. Hogendoorn, Leiden University Medical Center Department of Pathology P.O. Box 9600 L1-Q, 2300 RC Leiden The NetherlandsFred T. Bosman, University of Lausanne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Pathology Department of Pathology Lausanne Switzerland Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285968 Wed, 17 Feb 2010 18:27:57 +0100 3285968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285970&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbh169v4r50648j5v%2F Abstract  The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors lists meningeal hemangiopericytomas (HPC) and meningeal solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) as separate entities. On the contrary, SFT and HPC of soft tissues are regarded in the WHO soft tissue fascicle as features of the same entity. The clinical data, histology, and immunohistochemistry of 18 cases of meningeal HPC and 12 cases of peripheral soft tissue HPC–SFT were compared. Both intracranial and soft tissue lesions had significant similarities that included staghorn vasculature, necrotic areas, cytologic atypia, and positivities for CD99, collagen IV, and reticulin. Nevertheless, intracranial tumors were more cellular than HPC–SFT of soft tissues and had fewer collagen b... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285970 Wed, 17 Feb 2010 18:27:56 +0100 3285970 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3285969&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb847645652k34n13%2F Abstract  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have emerged from being poorly defined, treatment-resistant tumors to a well-recognized, well-understood, and treatable tumor entity within only one decade. The understanding of GIST biology has made this tumor a paradigm for molecularly targeted therapy in solid tumors and provides informative insights into the advantages and limitations of so-called targeted therapeutics. Approximately 85% of GISTs harbor activating mutations in KIT or the homologous receptor tyrosine kinase PDGFRA gene. These mutations are an early event in GIST development and the oncoproteins serve as a target for the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib and sunitinib. The existing and emerging treatment options demand exact morphologic clas... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3285969 Wed, 17 Feb 2010 18:27:56 +0100 3285969 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3278074&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F735n6x43927u673r%2F Abstract  Human tissue biobanking encompasses a wide range of activities and study designs and is critical for application of a wide range of new technologies (-“omics”) to the discovery of molecular patterns of disease and for implementation of novel biomarkers into clinical trials. Pathology is the cornerstone of hospital-based tissue biobanking. Pathologists not only provide essential information identifying the specimen but also make decisions on what should be biobanked, making sure that the timing of all operations is consistent with both the requirements of clinical diagnosis and the optimal preservation of biological products. This document summarizes the conclusions of a Pathology Expert Group Meeting within the European Biological and Biomolecular Research Inf... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3278074 Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:59:44 +0100 3278074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3278075&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe13632516p40n244%2F Abstract  In many cases of early spontaneous abortion (ESA), no reasonable etiology can be documented. However, some of these cases show abnormal decidual vessels that could be overlooked when examined on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides alone. Diagnostic accuracy could be improved by the use of a limited histochemical (HC) and immunohistochemical (IHC) panel. We reviewed 1,095 ESAs, selecting 176 cases with abnormal decidual vessels and subclassifying them into three groups on the basis of decidual vascular pattern. Various HC and IHC stainings were performed in order to assess their use in improving diagnostic sensitivity. Histological findings on H&E were recorded and compared to the results obtained with HC and IHC. A variable role in the improvement of morphologic de... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3278075 Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:59:41 +0100 3278075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274519&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl35w37103500ll88%2F In conclusion, PNSTs of the GI tract are rare uniformly benign neoplasms that may show schwannian, perineurial, fibroblastic, or mixed differentiation. Most of them (92%) occurred sporadically unassociated with NF1 or NF2. Gastrointestinal PNSTs are still underrecognized by general pathologists. Awareness of their diverse morphology will help to avoid confusing them with smooth muscle neoplasms and GIST that they may closely mimic. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-010-0886-8Authors Abbas Agaimy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Pathologisches Institut Krankenhausstraße 12 91054 Erlangen GermanyBruno Märkl, Klinikum Augsburg Institute of Pathology Augsburg GermanyJulia Kitz, University Hospital Institute of Pathology Göttingen GermanyPeter H.... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274519 Sat, 13 Feb 2010 06:46:47 +0100 3274519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274518&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl450x7014x5n1718%2F Abstract  Intraperitoneal injection of serially diluted carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) from 0.2 to 2.0 ml/kg produced an LD50 value of 0.46 ml/kg in the normal mouse. Following repeated administration of 0.2 ml/kg CCl4 twice a week for 1 and 3 months, the LD50 values were over 2.0 and 0.72 ml/kg, respectively. A single administration of 0.2 ml/kg CCl4 induced, within 24 h, apoptotic death of liver cells in the centrilobular zone 3 that were observed positive in cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). However, after repeated exposure to 0.2 ml/kg twice a week for 1 month, cells in the centrilobular area were almost completely replaced with CYP2E1-negative cells. These cells were tolerant to CCl4. After 3 months of exposure, a considerable num... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274518 Sat, 13 Feb 2010 06:46:47 +0100 3274518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3274517&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5466484366178583%2F Abstract  To study the steroid hormone-induced growth mechanisms of endometriosis, the immunohistochemical expression of steroid hormone receptor cofactors was investigated in 37 cases of endometriotic epithelia and was compared with that of eutopic endometria of identical patients. The expression of steroid receptor coactivators (p300/CBP and SRC-1) and corepressors (NCoR and SMRT) was examined in relation to the estrogen receptor (ER), the progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki-67. Results of immunostaining were indicated as a “positivity index” (PI, full score; 100). The expression of ER and PR in endometriotic epithelia largely resembled that in eutopic endometria, however, the expression of Ki-67 in the proliferative phase (PI 13.8 ± 2.4, mean ± SD) was signi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3274517 Sat, 13 Feb 2010 06:46:47 +0100 3274517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3270631&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk2605v6g51083810%2F This report also describes the clinical and pathologic characteristics of an intrapancreatic mesothelioma and provides a review of the literature regarding entities that may be considered in the differential diagnosis of this tumor. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00428-010-0885-9Authors Rosanny Espinal-Witter, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 525 East 68th Street New York NY 10021 USAElliot L. Servais, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Department of Surgery 525 East 68th Street New York NY 10021 USADavid S. Klimstra, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Pathology 1275 York Avenue New York NY 10021 USAMichael D. Lieberman, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Depa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3270631 Thu, 11 Feb 2010 11:48:07 +0100 3270631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265029&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa89130126q58747x%2F Abstract  The measurement of microvessel density (MVD) is a widely accepted method for assessing the neoangiogenetic activity in neoplasia. The aim of the present study was to compare MVD with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2 genes and, furthermore, with quantitative measurements of the receptors in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. Prognosis was also assessed. Blood and tissue were collected from 110 patients surgically resected for CRC. SNPs were analysed from genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction. MVD was assessed by immunohistochemistry using CD34 and CD105 combined with caldesmon in order to identify also immature vessels. Microvessels were counted in three fields of vision, and the mean MVD... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265029 Mon, 08 Feb 2010 17:29:07 +0100 3265029 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3265030&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9671643t45n8g770%2F Abstract  Duodenal biopsy is an important tool to diagnose coeliac disease (CD); however, the most reliable location of biopsy site is still questionable. Claudins (CLDNs), members of a large family of adherent junction proteins, show characteristic expression pattern in inflammatory disorders; nevertheless, CLDN expression in CD is unknown. This is a comparative study to examine the CLDN 2, 3 and 4 expressions in proximal and distal part of duodenum in children with CD and in controls. Thirty-three children with newly diagnosed CD were enrolled. Fourteen healthy children served as controls. Biopsies from proximal and distal part of duodenum were taken for routine histological analysis. Immunohistochemistry were used to detect CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocytes and CLDN 2, 3 ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3265030 Mon, 08 Feb 2010 17:29:06 +0100 3265030 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3241916&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8q3645788g767574%2F Abstract  Class IA phosphoinositide-3’-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate many cellular processes. Despite a clear implication of PI3K in cancer, the involvement of each of its isoforms namely p110α and p110β in the development of breast cancer remains elusive. Until recently, the spotlight was given to the α subunit; however, the p110β isoform has now emerged as an interesting target as well. In order to determine the importance of both these subunits in breast cancer, we aimed to study the expression of p110α and p110β in a series of invasive breast carcinomas. We constructed tissue microarrays from 315 invasive breast carcinomas and performed immunohistochemistry for p110α and β, correlating the expression patterns with clinicopathological parameters. Furthermore, overal... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3241916 Wed, 03 Feb 2010 17:55:55 +0100 3241916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3233875&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1w349815r6387723%2F Abstract  Giant cell-rich leiomyosarcoma of soft tissues is an unusual variant of malignant smooth muscle tumor characterized by the presence of numerous multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). The nature of MNGCs and the cellular mechanisms underlying their accumulation in this tumor are poorly understood. Analysis of the expression of osteoclast, macrophage, and smooth muscle markers in two cases of giant cell-rich leiomyosarcoma revealed that the MNGCs in giant cell-rich leiomyosarcoma were negative for smooth muscle markers and that these cells expressed an osteoclast-like phenotype, being positive for CD45, CD68, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and CD51 but negative for CD14 and HLA-DR. Scattered tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) also expressed this phenotype. Leiom... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3233875 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 18:02:49 +0100 3233875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3224221&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe0323q8223432508%2F Abstract  Lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) with polymorphous composition of proliferation (polymorphous LPD), containing large lymphoid cells together with small lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and/or eosinophils, is found in individuals with immunodeficiency conditions. Clinicopathological findings in 19 cases of polymorphous LPD registered with the Osaka Lymphoma Study Group, Osaka, Japan, were analyzed; they represented 0.4% of the registered cases. In six cases, there was a history of rheumatoid arthritis; five of them had received immunosuppressive agents. There were no acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases or organ transplant recipients. Southern blotting and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based clonality analysis revealed monoclonal B cell and T cell... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3224221 Thu, 28 Jan 2010 18:00:01 +0100 3224221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3206845&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb1qu7672517840ll%2F Abstract  Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone that has been shown to play a major role in the processing and/or secretion of procollagen. However, the knowledge on which cells are actually synthesizing HSP47 in the lung parenchyma in pulmonary fibrosis was only limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the localization of HSP47 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in normal lung and in the lungs of mice in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, using in situ hybridization. For the purpose, ICR mice were intravenously injected with 10 mg/kg per day of bleomycin for five consecutive days. The lung cells expressing HSP47 mRNA were identified in control (saline alone) and bleomycin-treated mice by in situ hybridization. The s... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3206845 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 10:09:01 +0100 3206845 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3206846&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fyk05l4244q10q07j%2F Abstract  Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a key molecule involved in mediating several biological functions including cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, and invasion, as well as playing a role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells. In ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, increased expression of ILK has been linked to tumor prognosis and correlated with increased chemoresistance to drugs, such as gemcitabine. However, the precise relationship between ILK, Snail, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin expression on the stepwise development of pancreatic cancer is unknown. Hence, the purpose of this work was to investigate levels of expression of ILK, Snail, and the cadherins in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), and cancer. Resection specimens of 25 ra... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3206846 Fri, 22 Jan 2010 03:00:56 +0100 3206846 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3191486&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F371526403x571646%2F Abstract  Autopsy reports accumulated since 1991 contained 30 cases in which routine radiological investigation had demonstrated radio-dense stippling of the epiphyses. The case histories, pregnancy progress, clinical manifestations, cytogenetic investigations, and autopsy findings have been tabulated and analysed for the purpose of diagnostic discrimination. Firm diagnoses were obtained in eight instances: warfarin embryopathy—three, trisomy 18—three, lethal multiple pterygium syndrome—one. Other possible but unconfirmed diagnoses were chromosomal aneuploidy—three, sonic hedgehog phenotype—one, CHARGE association—one, intrauterine infection—one. The value of autopsy in foetuses and neonates with lethal epiphyseal stippling syndromes is exemplified by the dete... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3191486 Mon, 18 Jan 2010 18:45:50 +0100 3191486 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3191487&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp7545t4151778388%2F Abstract  The first case of well-differentiated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with remarkable follicular architecture resembling a follicular neoplasm of thyroid is described in a 52-year-old man. The follicles contained homogenous eosinophilic material akin to colloid and were lined by benign-looking cuboidal cells. Immunohistochemically, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and thyroglobulin were negative and the patient had no evidence of a previous or concomitant thyroid tumour. This case can be added to the list of extrathyroid primary tumours that resemble thyroid neoplasms. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0874-zAuthors Adele Fornelli, U.O. Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale Maggiore Bologna ItalyArrigo Bondi, U.O. Anatomia Pat... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3191487 Fri, 15 Jan 2010 17:59:20 +0100 3191487 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3169527&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw6873430t1464t0n%2F Abstract  Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are benign epithelial tumors of the sellar region and can be clinicopathologically distinguished into adamantinomatous (adaCP) and papillary (papCP) variants. Both subtypes are classified according to the World Health Organization grade I, but their irregular digitate brain infiltration makes any complete surgical resection difficult to obtain. Herein, we characterized the cellular interface between the tumor and the surrounding brain tissue in 48 CP (41 adaCP and seven papCP) compared to non-neuroepithelial tumors, i.e., 12 cavernous hemangiomas, 10 meningiomas, and 14 metastases using antibodies directed against glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), vimentin, nestin, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) splice variants, and tenascin-C.... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3169527 Tue, 12 Jan 2010 18:18:12 +0100 3169527 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3127945&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F58qq940h2x20j710%2F Abstract  With the aim to provide more insight into their biology, a series of 79 liposarcomas (LS) representative of all main subtypes was analysed for chromosomal imbalances using comparative genomic hybridization. Based on the genetic data, unsupervised hierarchical clustering unveiled two main LS clusters, each with two subclusters, one comprising three subsets. The first main cluster consisted of one larger subcluster, being characterised by gains/high-level amplifications of chromosomal subregions 12q13–q15, and exclusively included well-differentiated and dedifferentiated LS. A smaller subcluster was set apart on the basis of recurrent gains of 20q13 and 8q24, and mainly comprised pleomorphic and myxoid/round cell LS. The larger subcluster was subdivided into three... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3127945 Mon, 28 Dec 2009 19:17:08 +0100 3127945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3117318&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fdw52454224675545%2F In conclusion, papillary RCC may show phenotypical CCC mimicking clear cell RCC. In a small number of cases with mixed histopathological features, FISH is helpful in subtyping RCC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0871-2Authors Kien T. Mai, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Ottawa ON CanadaHamidreza Faraji, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Ottawa ON CanadaDarren Desantis, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Ottawa ON CanadaSusan J. Robertson, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Ottawa ON CanadaEric C. Belanger, T... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3117318 Mon, 21 Dec 2009 23:00:03 +0100 3117318 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106137&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft880l83l7518107v%2F Abstract  The most important differential diagnosis of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) is renal oncocytoma. Due to overlapping morphological characteristics of renal oncocytoma and CRCC, particularly its eosinophilic variant, making a correct diagnosis can be challenging. To date, no data are available on the presence of the tumor fibrous capsule as a diagnostic feature in differentiating these tumors. The main purpose of this study was to establish the presence and compare the thickness of the tumor fibrous capsule between two tumor groups. A total of 37 tumors—18 cases of CRCC (three eosinophilic and 15 classic) and 19 cases of renal oncocytoma—were analyzed. Four slides of each tumor stained with hematoxylin and eosin were first scanned at low-power magnifica... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106137 Fri, 18 Dec 2009 16:38:36 +0100 3106137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106138&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa73754883007671l%2F Abstract  Pleomorphic carcinoma of the breast is considered a rare variant of high-grade ductal NOS carcinoma (NOS-IDC), and the prognosis is poor. However, its clinicopathologic features are not well-characterized. Using the criteria delineated in the World Health Organization breast tumor classification of 2003, ten cases of pleomorphic carcinoma were identified from 9794 NOS-IDC in our archived materials that were originally diagnosed as high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast. To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and to elucidate the histologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this entity, we reviewed the pathology manifestations and clinical features of these cases and examined the tumor expression of ER, PR, PCNA, AE1/AE3, p53, S-100,... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106138 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:01:29 +0100 3106138 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106140&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F97653j6588050643%2F Abstract  Primary choriocarcinomas of the liver are rare. Previous reported cases were mostly in infants with only rare adult cases. Here, we presented five adult cases. The patients were all males, with an average age of 41.6 years (from 36 to 48 years). Clinical presentations included right upper abdominal pain or abdominal distension. All patients presented with a large hepatic mass on ultrasonography that measured 11 cm on average in the greatest diameter. Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels were noted in all cases. At presentation, the tumor was confined to the liver in two patients and therefore surgically resected. The other three patients presented with extrahepatic metastases on imaging study and therefore only received chemothera... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106140 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:01:28 +0100 3106140 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3106139&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr44251v5m259m725%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0870-3Authors Joško Bezić, Clinical Hospital Split Institute of Pathology, Cytology and Forensic Medicine Spinčićeva 1 21000 Split Croatia Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3106139 Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:01:28 +0100 3106139 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3098658&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy196424r5712w864%2F In this study, we have analysed the morphological and immunophenotypic features of 19 conventional GCTBs and corresponding lung nodules for expression of macrophage, osteoclast, proliferation and tumour-associated markers. A striking morphological feature of all GCTBs that produced lung secondaries was the presence of large areas of haemorrhage and thrombus formation; mononuclear and multinucleated cells of GCTB were frequently found within these areas of haemorrhage and thrombus. A similar pattern of CD14, CD33, HLA-DR and CD51 expression was seen in macrophages and giant cells in primary and secondary tumours. Smooth muscle actin expression was frequently noted in primary GCTBs that recurred and metastasised. No difference was seen in the expression of p53, p63, Ki-67, cyclin D1 or... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3098658 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 06:48:02 +0100 3098658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087471&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbt8q173u20173v23%2F In conclusion, overlap between IHC and GEP results and the clinical presentation was noted in the majority of those true CUP cases that were evaluable with both techniques. Therefore, GEP can be a complementary diagnostic technique assisting immunohistochemical profiling of cancer biopsies with unknown primary. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0867-yAuthors Lars Morawietz, Charité University Hospital Berlin Institute of Pathology Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin GermanyArno Floore, Agendia BV Science Park 406 1098 XH Amsterdam The NetherlandsLisette Stork-Sloots, Agendia BV Science Park 406 1098 XH Amsterdam The NetherlandsGunnar Folprecht, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyReinhard Buettner, University... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087471 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 15:17:12 +0100 3087471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087470&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk5uu26767g523264%2F We present four patients with vasculitis manifesting with unusual clinical or pathological features, generating surgical problems. Two cases presented with pulmonary hypertension, with investigations and radiological evidence prompting clinical suspicion of pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease. First case, with an antecedant history of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), demonstrated following “embolectomy”, WG involving the large pulmonary elastic arteries. The second case of inoperable “pulmonary thrombo-embolic disease” was subsequently found at limited post mortem to have giant cell arteritis, which affected widespread small peripheral pulmonary arterial vessels. The other two cases were of aortitis occurring in the background of immune-mediated disease, which had been treated wi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087470 Thu, 10 Dec 2009 15:17:12 +0100 3087470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3065353&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg35h1n3t600u5561%2F This study was undertaken to examine the RELMβ expression in gastric cancer and correlate it with clinical outcome. One hundred and thirty-six gastric cancer patients were evaluated for the RELMβ expression by immunohistochemistry. The RELMβ transcripts were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. In normal gastric mucosa, RELMβ expression was absent, whereas areas of intestinal metaplasia revealed RELMβ reactivity. Eighty-nine patients of gastric cancer (65.4%) were positive for RELMβ expression. In a subtotal of 20 patients, RELMβ transcripts were positively correlated with protein levels in gastric cancer tissues, but absent in normal gastric mucosa. The expression rate of RELMβ was higher in intestinal-type carcinomas than in diffuse-type carcinomas (P < 0.001). RE... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3065353 Fri, 04 Dec 2009 21:14:58 +0100 3065353 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3042279&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq884131pw0747rlu%2F Abstract  Tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a recently identified molecule with multifunctional physiological roles. This is the first report of the expression of TG2 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). For comparison, the expression of p16, a known surrogate biomarker of HPV infection, was evaluated. The expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a molecule crucial to inflammation and neoplasia, was also determined to explore its possible linkage with TG2 expression. Twenty cases each with normal cervical histology, CIN1, CIN2, CIN3, and invasive SCC were analyzed for TG2, p16, and NF-κB expression by immunohistochemistry. Intergroup differences were analyzed by Friedman ANOVA. Cytoplasmic as well as nuclear TG2 exp... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3042279 Wed, 25 Nov 2009 16:50:09 +0100 3042279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3042280&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8305p5mx7vu31341%2F Abstract  Multinucleated floret-like giant cells (MNFGCs), similar to those commonly observed in pleomorphic lipoma and giant cell fibroblastoma, have been occasionally reported in gynecomastia and neurofibromas from patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Accordingly, it has been suggested that their detection, especially in an otherwise typical neurofibroma, could be a morphological clue to diagnosis of NF1. The aim of the present study was the identification of MNFGCs in a large series (94 cases) of sporadic and NF1-associated neurofibromas, to assess if their presence may indeed be a morphological marker of NF1. Numerous MNFGCs, namely, those that were easily apparent at low magnification (×50 and ×100), were identified only in 5.3% of cases. In 18.1% of ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3042280 Wed, 25 Nov 2009 16:50:08 +0100 3042280 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016469&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F405j7hj31314l6l6%2F Abstract  The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family, which mediates apoptosis by the extrinsic pathway. Up-regulation of decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2, may result in diminished binding of TRAIL to their functional receptors. DcR1 expression was assessed in normal endometrial tissue (NE) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IHC was performed in two tissue microarrays; one composed of 80 samples of NE and a second one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 62 EC. For quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis, RNA was obtained from 19 NE and 28 EC samples using Trizol®. mRNA expression of DcR1 was assessed with Taqman®-based ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016469 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 20:00:49 +0100 3016469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016470&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu71730530274l70v%2F Abstract  The Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1; also known as EWS) represents one of the most commonly involved genes in sarcoma translocations. In fact, it is involved in a broad variety of mesenchymal lesions which includes Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, clear cell sarcoma, angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and a subset of myxoid liposarcoma. The fusion products between EWSR1 and partners usually results in fusion of the N-terminal transcription-activating domain of EWSR1 and the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of the fusion partner, eventually generating novel transcription factors. EWSR1 rearrangement can be visualized by the means of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016470 Thu, 19 Nov 2009 20:00:48 +0100 3016470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3016471&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk5jh587tpg2mu011%2F Abstract  Mammary phyllodes tumors (PTs) are uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms. On the basis of histologic criteria, PTs can be divided into benign, borderline, and malignant groups; however, the histologic distinction of PTs is often difficult and arbitrary. In breast cancer, promoter hypermethylation is a common phenomenon, but there are no data available concerning methylation status in PTs. The aim of this study was to assess whether the methylation profiles support the classification of PTs into three subgroups. A multiplex, nested, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction approach was used to examine promoter methylation of five genes (GSTP1, HIN-1, RAR-β, RASSF1A, and Twist) in 87 PTs (54 benign, 23 borderline, and 10 malignant). Immunohistochemical staining ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3016471 Wed, 18 Nov 2009 19:15:25 +0100 3016471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010700&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb5018r63441lr67x%2F Abstract  Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma. We established a new human MPNST cell line (designated FMS-1) from MPNST of the right brachial plexus of a 69-year-old woman with NF1. The cell line has been maintained for >24 months with >100 passages. FMS-1 cells showed a fibrosarcoma-like or epithelioid pattern in the heterotransplanted tumor, compared with a fascicular growth pattern of short-spindle tumor cells in the primary tumor. Immunophenotypically, FMS-1 cells showed almost the same characteristics as the primary tumor. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses revealed a deletion in exons 5-8 of the p53 gene. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were expressed in FMS-1 cells. To improve the... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010700 Tue, 17 Nov 2009 23:51:08 +0100 3010700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3010701&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft45m0615438k0543%2F We examined by immunohistochemistry the expression of three novel matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)—MMP-21, MMP-26, and MMP-28—in 44 primary MCC tumors and six lymph node metastases while MMP-10 served as a positive control. Their mRNA expression was also studied in the UISO MCC cell line basally and after various stimulations using quantitative real-time PCR. MMP-28 was observed in tumor cells of 15/44 samples especially in tumors <2 cm in diameter (p = 0.015) while 21/44 specimens showed MMP-28 in the tumor stroma. Expression of MMP-21 was demonstrated in tumor cells of 13/43 samples. MMP-26, instead, was positive in stromal cells (17/44) and its expression associated with tumors ≥2 cm in diameter (p = 0.006). Stromal expression of MMP-10 was the most freq... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3010701 Tue, 17 Nov 2009 23:51:05 +0100 3010701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2991026&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnm06231616k56252%2F In conclusion, the CIMP+/MSI− subtype tends to present with distinct clinicopathological and molecular features and shows the worst clinical outcome among the four molecular subtypes of CRCs. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0857-0Authors Jung Ho Kim, Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Pathology 28 Yongon-dong, Jongno-gu Seoul 110-744 South KoreaSo Hyun Shin, Seoul National University College of Medicine Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute and 2nd Stage Brain Korea Seoul South KoreaHyeong Ju Kwon, Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Pathology 28 Yongon-dong, Jongno-gu Seoul 110-744 South KoreaNam Yun Cho, Seoul National University College of Medicine Laboratory of Epigenetic... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2991026 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 18:39:12 +0100 2991026 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2991027&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F55h7554247wr038g%2F Abstract  Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) with complex genomic profiles (50% of all STS) are predominantly composed of spindle cell/pleomorphic sarcomas, including leiomyosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, pleomorphic liposarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, angiosarcoma, extraskeletal osteosarcoma, and spindle cell/pleomorphic unclassified sarcoma (previously called spindle cell/pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma). These neoplasms show, characteristically, gains and losses of numerous chromosomes or chromosome regions, as well as amplifications. Many of them share recurrent aberrations (e.g., gain of 5p13-p15) that seem to play a significant role in tumor progression and/or metastatic dissemination. In this paper, we review the cytogen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2991027 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 18:39:06 +0100 2991027 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2991028&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv50t2673072384m6%2F Abstract  Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is a well described chemotactic and growth factor for lymphatic endothelial cells. Its inhibition leads to suppression of lymphatic and distant metastases in mouse models. In ovarian cancer, the relationship between VEGF-C expression and tumor behavior has not yet been determined by a quantitative method in vivo. Therefore, we used a new technique of RNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples and determined the expression levels of VEGF-C mRNA in a study group of 97 ovarian cancer patients. Expression levels were correlated with clinicopathological features and patient survival. High VEGF-C expression was associated with worse overall (p = 0.0393) and progression-free (p = 0.0155) patient... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2991028 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 18:39:05 +0100 2991028 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2987160&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp48028128p612697%2F Abstract  Bypassing the local immunological defense reactions in the cervix is one of the prerequisites for human papillomaviruses (HPV) infections to progress to intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The role of potent immunosuppressive cytokines, e.g., interleukin-10 (IL-10), depressing these local virus-specific immunological responses is incompletely studied. To assess, whether IL-10 expression in cervical HPV lesions has any implications in the outcome of HPV infections or disease progression to CIN. Baseline cervical biopsies from 225 women of the LAMS study sub-cohort were analyzed for IL-10 expression using immunohistochemistry, to assess its associations with CIN grade, and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) at baseline, as well as in predicting outcomes of HR-HPV infections, and d... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2987160 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 19:21:09 +0100 2987160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2987161&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7777418117552578%2F Abstract  A case of a colonic carcinoma showing a pancreatic acinar cell differentiation is described for the first time. A 65-year-old woman underwent surgical resection for an ulcerated protruding tumour of 4 × 2.5 cm in size on the anterior wall of the sigmoid colon. Histologically, tumour cells were organized in acinar structures resembling pancreatic acini and in solid nests and ribbons or diffusely infiltrated as poorly cohesive cells. Lymph nodes and femur metastases displayed the same histological features. The ultrastructural analysis of the primary tumour indicated the presence of zymogen-like granules in the cytoplasm of tumour cells. Immunohistochemically, both acinar and diffuse patterns of growth showed an intense staining for trypsin, chymotrypsin a... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2987161 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 19:21:08 +0100 2987161 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2937011&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8402l747h0437853%2F Abstract  Five cases of an unusual encapsulated apocrine papillary tumour are reported. All presented as cystic masses in the breast of women aged 44–84 years. Imaging studies showed a complex cyst often with one or more mural nodules. The key histological features are similar to those of classical encapsulated papillary carcinoma in that myoepithelial cells were absent within the papillary structures and at the periphery of the cyst. All were pure apocrine in type and showed variable degrees of cytological atypia and mitotic activity. All lacked evidence of malignancy in the breast tissue outside of the lesion. Sentinel lymph node biopsies performed in three of the cases were negative for metastases, and all have behaved in a benign fashion. Content Type Journal A... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2937011 Tue, 27 Oct 2009 17:59:43 +0100 2937011 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2937012&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg8v21175v241k2h2%2F Abstract  This review discusses precursor lesions of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma with an emphasis on the unique molecular alterations that have led to the development of binary classification schemes for tumors of both the endometrium and ovary. While such a system is well established for endometrial carcinoma, only recently has a binary classification scheme been proposed for ovarian carcinoma. For both, the morphologic and molecular genetic-defining characteristics of their respective precursor lesions are described in detail. Furthermore, similarities and differences of the precursor lesions of specific tumors of these two genital tract organs are also addressed with a brief discussion of the clinical implications of their diagnosis. Content Type Journal ArticleC... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2937012 Mon, 26 Oct 2009 17:59:43 +0100 2937012 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929384&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7176839538627734%2F In this study, the expressions of p27Kip1-interacting proteins, i.e., p27Kip1, Skp2, Cks1, cyclin A, cyclin E, and the Ki-67 labeling index (LI), were analyzed in 25 CCAFs (11 benign and 14 borderline) and 15 CCAF-associated CCAs, and compared with the expression status of each protein in the 23 previously studied endometriosis-associated CCAs. Although aberrant expression of all p27Kip1-interacting proteins was more frequent in the CCAF-associated CCAs than in the benign CCAFs, statistical significance was found only for Cks1 overexpression. The frequencies of p27Kip1 downregulation and overexpression of Skp2 and cyclin A were significantly lower in CCAF-associated than in endometriosis-associated CCAs (P < 0.05, respectively). The frequencies of p27Kip1 downregulation and Skp2... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929384 Fri, 23 Oct 2009 18:53:43 +0100 2929384 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2918368&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuh14333771t38570%2F Abstract  Traditionally, the pathology of human disease has been focused on microscopic examination of affected tissues, chemical and biochemical analysis of biopsy samples, other available samples of convenience, such as blood, and noninvasive or invasive imaging of varying complexity, in order to classify disease and illuminate its mechanistic basis. The molecular age has complemented this armamentarium with gene expression arrays and selective analysis of individual genes. However, we are entering a new era of epigenomic profiling, i.e., genome-scale analysis of cell-heritable nonsequence genetic change, such as DNA methylation. The epigenome offers access to stable measurements of cellular state and to biobanked material for large-scale epidemiological studies. Some of ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2918368 Wed, 21 Oct 2009 09:05:45 +0100 2918368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2918369&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb538766p16085851%2F In this study, we have therefore investigated the cellular localization of IDO in 45 ESSCs and ten morphologically normal esophageal tissues; the correlation of IDO with clinicopathological parameters was also analyzed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis revealed that the density of IDO-positive cells was increased in ESCCs relative to controls (P < 0.01). These cells were distributed as clusters and formed a patchy pattern in both the cancerous epithelium and the surrounding noncancerous cells. Double IHC further confirmed that many IDO-positive cells in the tumor stroma were smooth-muscle-actin-alpha-positive myofibroblasts, CD68-positive macrophages, and S100-positive dendritic cells. Statistical analysis showed that the densities of IDO-positive cells were not significant... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2918369 Wed, 21 Oct 2009 09:05:44 +0100 2918369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2918370&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn6p113jr21321vm2%2F In conclusion, the diagnosis of atypical ES is a challenge for the pathologist and needs support from molecular techniques to perform an optimal differential diagnosis with other small round cell tumors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0842-7Authors Antonio Llombart-Bosch, University of Valencia Department of Pathology Ave. Blasco Ibañez, 17 46010 Valencia SpainIsidro Machado, University of Valencia Department of Pathology Ave. Blasco Ibañez, 17 46010 Valencia SpainSamuel Navarro, University of Valencia Department of Pathology Ave. Blasco Ibañez, 17 46010 Valencia SpainFranco Bertoni, Institut Orthopedic Rizzoli Bologna ItalyPatrizia Bacchini, Institut Orthopedic Rizzoli Bologna ItalyMarco Alberghini, Institut Orthopedic Rizzoli Bologna ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2918370 Tue, 20 Oct 2009 16:34:00 +0100 2918370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2918371&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe288643415073g63%2F Abstract  Prostate involvement is a major prognostic element in urothelium carcinoma staging after radical cystoprostatectomy (RCP) for muscle invasive bladder cancer. While appropriate pTNM stage is necessary for adequate treatment, no standard procedure exists up to now for macroscopic sampling of the prostate in RCP in daily practice. We therefore propose a protocol where examination of the whole prostatic urethra (PU) is possible, without using whole mount sections. From 2008 to June 2009, RCP were sampled according to a macroscopic protocol permitting the whole length and the underlying stroma of PU to be visualized. Data were compared with our series or RCP from 2000–2007, when the PU was evaluated with a more simple protocol. One hundred and one specimens were exam... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2918371 Tue, 20 Oct 2009 16:33:59 +0100 2918371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2906971&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F56768x71884n5h66%2F Abstract  Recent studies have indicated that Aurora B expression is related to cell proliferation and prognosis in many cancers, but its association with epithelial ovarian carcinoma is not fully understood. Therefore, we examined the Aurora B kinase expression in epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression levels of Aurora B and phosphohistone H3 (Ser10) (mitosis-specific marker) were measured in 156 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The expression levels of Aurora B at the protein and messenger RNA levels were examined using Western blotting and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In total, 53 tumorous ovarian samples (34.0%) showed Aurora B overexpression, which was significantly higher than that found in the 15 norm... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2906971 Fri, 16 Oct 2009 18:01:50 +0100 2906971 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2906973&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F41405766286p4887%2F Abstract  Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign bone tumors consisting of blood-filled cavities lined by connective tissue septa. Recently, the hypothesis that ABCs are lesions reactive to local hemodynamics has been challenged after the discovery of specific recurrent chromosomal abnormalities. Multiple cases of malignant transformation of ABC into (osteo)sarcoma have been described, as well as a number of cases of telangiectatic osteosarcoma which had been misdiagnosed as ABC. We herewith document a case of a pelvic ABC metastatic to the lung, liver, and kidneys. Diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of a break in the USP6 gene, which is pathognomonic for ABC, in a pulmonary metastasis of our patient. Sarcomatous transformation as an explanation for this behavior was r... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2906973 Fri, 16 Oct 2009 18:01:49 +0100 2906973 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2906972&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl5585743u8g53134%2F Abstract  While squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tracheal malignancy, few reports describe the pathologic considerations that may guide intraoperative decisions and prognostic assessment. We reviewed 59 tracheal SCC treated between 1985 and 2008 by segmental resection of the trachea, including resection of the carina in 24% and inferior larynx in 14%. We classified these tumors by grading histologic differentiation and microscopic features used in SCC of other sites. Of 59 tumors, 24% (14 of 59) were well differentiated, 49% (29 of 59) were moderately differentiated, and 27% (16 of 59) were poorly differentiated. Unfavorable prognostic factors were tumor extension into the thyroid gland (all of five so-afflicted patients died of tumor progression within 3&nb... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2906972 Fri, 16 Oct 2009 18:01:49 +0100 2906972 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2897075&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9n365h5h71524166%2F Abstract  Laminar necrosis (LN) and microscopic chorionic pseudocysts (MCP) are the two histological placental membrane lesions. This study retrospectively compares the clinical and placental associations of LN and MCP on a large placental material. Four hundred seventy-nine placentae featuring membrane LN (group 1), 220 placentae with MCP (group 2), and 50 placentae with both LN and MCP were identified in the database of consecutively signed by the author 4,853 placentae from 18 to 42 weeks pregnancies in years 1994–2007. Frequencies or averages of several clinical conditions and gross and microscopic placental features were compared among the groups (Yates chi-square or analysis of variance, where appropriate). Statistically significant differences were observed fo... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2897075 Wed, 14 Oct 2009 17:00:09 +0100 2897075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2897076&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff303321031064861%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0839-2Authors Georg Reith, University of Gießen Department of Legal Medicine Frankfurter Straße 58 35392 Gießen GermanyBernd Busch, University of Gießen Department of Legal Medicine Frankfurter Straße 58 35392 Gießen GermanyMarcel A. Verhoff, University of Gießen Department of Legal Medicine Frankfurter Straße 58 35392 Gießen Germany Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2897076 Tue, 13 Oct 2009 08:17:16 +0100 2897076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2880748&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn7t3r5006378x127%2F We report six new cases of atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) of the tongue, and detection of mdm-2 and CDK4 expression by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, was performed. The series comprised three males and three females, aged 11–78 years. The tumors arose at the lateral side of the tongue, and in one case, multiple tumor nodules were noted. Follow-up information in five cases (range from 4 to 159 months) revealed one local recurrence at 6 months. Microscopically, four cases had features of lipoma-like ALT, whereas two cases displayed patterns of sclerosing ALT. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells revealed expression of vimentin (five of five), S100 (five of five), mdm-2 (three of five), and CDK4 (four of five). Two cases... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2880748 Fri, 09 Oct 2009 06:06:56 +0100 2880748 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2870557&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgh573l2632748701%2F Abstract  Different patterns of bone marrow (BM) infiltration by diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) have been described. A pure nodular pattern is uncommon, and the pathologic features, as well as the clinical correlates of DLBCL manifesting this pattern in the BM have not been well characterized. We evaluated BM biopsies involved by large B cell lymphomas diagnosed at our institute over an 11-year period to assess the morphology, phenotype, cytogenetic abnormalities, and clinical features of cases associated with a nodular pattern. A distinct nodular pattern of BM involvement was noted in 14 out of 55 (25%) cases. Although both EBV+ and EBV− DLBCL with this pattern were identified, a pure nodular pattern was significantly more common in EBV+ DLBCL compared to EBV− ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2870557 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 12:45:53 +0100 2870557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2870558&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F044v7r3843382887%2F Abstract  The present work identifies a new mouse model of inductible acute glomerular injury leading to focal segmental glomerulonephritis. We take advantage of the suicide gene/prodrug nitroreductase/CB1954 combination, in which nitroreductase converts CB1954, a monofunctional alkylating agent, into its toxic form. We generate two lines of transgenic mice in which the nitroreductase gene was placed under the control of the podocyte-specific gene podocin. The functional analysis of transgenic mice lines showed that CB1954 treatment induced a severe but transitory proteinuria. Sequential histopathological analysis was performed on serial kidney biopsies. Injured glomeruli showed acute lesions with early podocyte vacuolization and detachment, podocyte apoptosis, and cellular... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2870558 Tue, 06 Oct 2009 12:45:51 +0100 2870558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2849100&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F06163lqq34716u53%2F Abstract  The molecular genetic changes that have been described in sarcomas over the past era have aided our understanding of their pathogenesis. The majority of sarcomas carry nonspecific genetic changes within a background of a complex karyotype. These constitute the challenges in sarcoma research for unraveling a putative multistep genetic model, such as for chondrosarcoma, and finding targets for therapeutic strategies. Approximately 15–20% of mesenchymal tumors carry a specific translocation within a relatively simple karyotype. The resulting fusion products act either as transcription factors upregulating genes responsible for tumor growth, as for instance in Ewing sarcoma, or translocate a highly active promoter in front of an oncogene driving tumor formation, as ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2849100 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 04:05:10 +0100 2849100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2835667&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F676u6w1522461465%2F Abstract  We previously reported that the majority of Japanese pathologists misunderstand the International Union against Cancer-pT2 criteria for uterine cervical cancer (UCC). We compared the prognosis of originally diagnosed pT2 (ori-pT) UCC cases at our hospital with reclassified pT2 (re-pT) cases to assess the importance of making a correct pT diagnosis. There were 43 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) II (i.e., cT2) and/or ori-pT2 UCC cases who received surgery without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Shikoku Cancer Center from 1991 to 2003. The cases (seven ori-pT1 and 36 ori-pT2; 43 cN0 with six pN1) were reclassified as 22 re-pT1 and 21 re-pT2. Fifteen of the 23 ori-pT2a cases (65%) were re-pT1 because their vaginal extension had only been intra... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2835667 Thu, 24 Sep 2009 05:47:42 +0100 2835667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811274&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp435837r7m742575%2F We report on three patients who were treated with corticosteroids only prior to the diagnosis of splenic lymphoma. Corticosteroids were administered for different conditions, at different doses, and for various periods of time. The primary diagnosis was splenic micronodular T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma in the three cases, and it was reached with variable difficulty. We suggest that the corticosteroid treatment was one of the causes for the complications in reaching a diagnosis. The morphologic appearance of the microscopic splenic nodules was the most variable feature and may possibly reflect the dose and duration of the corticosteroid therapy. However, the histopathologic changes are probably not related with Epstein-Barr virus-induced immunosuppression. Content T... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811274 Fri, 18 Sep 2009 06:45:23 +0100 2811274 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811275&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn0382u214401r0x4%2F The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of CpG island hypermethylation and repetitive DNA hypomethylation in BilIN. A total of 50 EHCs, 31 BilINs, and 31 normal cystic duct samples were analyzed for their methylation status in seven genes and two repetitive DNA elements. The number of methylated genes increased with disease progression (normal bile duct, 0.6; BilIN, 2.0; EHC, 3.6; P < 0.001). The methylation level of examined genes was significantly higher in BilIN than in normal samples (TMEFF2, HOXA1, NEUROG1, and RUNX3, P < 0.05) and in EHC than in BilIN samples (TMEFF2, HOXA1, NEUROG1, RUNX3, RASSF1A, and APC, P < 0.05). Long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) and juxtacentromeric satellite 2 (SAT2) methylation levels were markedly low... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811275 Fri, 18 Sep 2009 06:45:20 +0100 2811275 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811276&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm141x64077127324%2F Abstract  The accurate distinction between primary endocervical adenocarcinomas (ECA) and endometrial adenocarcinomas (EMA) may require the use of multiple ancillary monoclonal antibodies in panels of immunohistochemistry stains. In addition to reappraising the expressions of four commonly used individual monoclonal antibodies [estrogen receptor (ER), Vimentin (Vim), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and p16INK4], this study was designed to investigate whether CEA and p16INK4 can be effectively exchanged between two relevant three-marker panels (ER/Vim/CEA vs. ER/Vim/p16INK4) in distinguishing ECA from EMA. A tissue microarray was constructed using paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissues from 35 hysterectomy specimens, including 14 ECA and 21 EMA. Utilizing the avidin–bioti... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811276 Fri, 18 Sep 2009 06:45:19 +0100 2811276 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811277&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn181r0763762w91u%2F Abstract  The evaluation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is usually semiquantitative, and thus subject to observer variability. We analyzed the reproducibility of different IHC measures. Fifty TMA cores of prostate cancer were stained for PDX-1, a transcription factor overexpressed in the cytoplasm of prostate cancer cells. The strongest intensity was scored 0–3 and 1–3 was used for extent (1–33%, 34–66%, and 67–100%). The stains were evaluated twice by four observers: two genitourinary pathologists, and two medical doctors with no formal pathology training. Staining intensity was also measured with automated image analysis. The pathologists read the slides faster than nonpathologists (total time 88 and 178 min, respectively, p = 0.03). Mean weighted kappa f... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811277 Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:08:22 +0100 2811277 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811279&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F95x7873077r57x13%2F Abstract  Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) constitutes the main autoantigen in celiac disease (CD). The aim of the study was to clarify weather celiac disease is associated with changes in tTG expression in duodenal mucosa. Tissue transglutaminase was assessed immunohistochemically (clone CUB 7402) in duodenal biopsy specimens from 22 untreated CD patients, ten normal controls (NC) with unremarkable duodenal mucosa, and nine disease nonceliac controls (DC). In 15 CD patients duodenal biopsy specimens were repeatedly assessed after these patients had been prescribed gluten-free diet. Positive pixel count algorithm of ImageScope was used for quantitative evaluation of immunohistochemistry. Tissue transglutaminase expression in superficial epithelium differed significantly betwee... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811279 Wed, 16 Sep 2009 18:50:52 +0100 2811279 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2811278&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fhw7745t3h30g2164%2F We report a mucinous borderline tumor arising from a mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of left kidney (MESTK). The patient was an 82-year-old woman who presented with gross hematuria and recurrent urinary tract infection for years. The patient had a cytoscopy with a retrograde pyelogram, which indicated a dilated left kidney with a central mass lesion. Subsequently, she underwent a radical left nephrectomy. Cross-sections of left kidney showed a 4.5 × 3.5 × 1.5 cm ill-defined cystic lesion with mucinous and solid areas. Histologic sections of the lesion showed numerous variable-sized dilated cysts with fibrous, fatty, vascular, and smooth muscle stroma. The cysts were lined by a various types of epithelium, including single layer of flat, cuboidal and mucinous epithel... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2811278 Wed, 16 Sep 2009 18:50:52 +0100 2811278 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767736&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc01024w1q1lw7374%2F Abstract  Adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare mixture of malignant squamous and glandular epithelial elements and accounts for approximately 10% of cervical carcinomas. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence, physical status, and viral load of HPV 16 and 18 in adenosquamous carcinoma. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 20 cases of histologically diagnosed adenosquamous carcinoma were examined. The squamous and glandular components were separately microdissected and analyzed for their HPV DNA subtype, viral load, and physical status using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The percentages of HPV 16- and 18-positive cases among all the HPV-positive cases were 36.8% (7/19) and 57.9% (11/19) in the squamous ep... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767736 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:25:45 +0100 2767736 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767738&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3861332847542h82%2F In conclusion, the high expression of NGAL/Lcn2 in normal and gastritis-affected mucosa infected with H. pylori suggests that NGAL/Lcn2 is upregulated locally in response to this bacterial infection. It is discussed whether this may have a causal relation to the development of gastric cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0825-8Authors Warner Alpízar-Alpízar, Haukeland University Hospital The Gade Institute, University of Bergen and Department of Pathology Bergen NorwayOle Didrik Laerum, Haukeland University Hospital The Gade Institute, University of Bergen and Department of Pathology Bergen NorwayMartin Illemann, The Finsen Laboratory Rigshospitalet Copenhagen DenmarkJosé A. Ramírez, Dr. Rafael A. Calderón Guardia Hospital Departmen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767738 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:25:43 +0100 2767738 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2767737&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk27g556t8u537nr0%2F Abstract  The aim of this study was to clarify whether diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with a high number of epithelioid histiocytes (DLBCL-EH) could have distinctive clinicopathological characteristics. Clinicopathological findings in 22 cases with DLBCL-EH and, as a control, 96 cases with ordinary type of DLBCL were analyzed. There were ten men and 12 women with ages ranging from 38 to 91 (median, 64) years. The primary site was lymph node in 16 cases, extranodal organs in three, and unknown in three. Stage of disease was I in five cases, II in three, III in nine, and IV in five. Histologically, there was a diffuse proliferation of large lymphoid cells admixed with numerous clusters of epithelioid histiocytes sprinkling throughout the lesions. Immunohistochemically, ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2767737 Thu, 03 Sep 2009 06:25:43 +0100 2767737 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732502&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw140k3270n34867w%2F Abstract  Ever since Virchow introduced the entity myxoma, abundant myxoid extracellular matrix (ECM) has been recognized in various reactive and neoplastic lesions. Nowadays, the term “myxoid” is commonly used in daily pathological practice. But what do today’s pathologists mean by it, and what does the myxoid ECM tell the pathologist? What is known about the exact composition and function of the myxoid ECM 150 years after Virchow? Here, we give an overview of the composition and constituents of the myxoid ECM as known so far and demonstrate the heterogeneity of the myxoid ECM among different tumors. We discuss the possible role of the predominant constituents of the myxoid ECM and attempt to relate them to differences in clinical behavior. Finally, we will spec... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732502 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 16:52:23 +0100 2732502 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2732501&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F696677x430231524%2F Abstract  Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal tumours of the digestive tract and are commonly driven by oncogenic mutations in KIT and PDGFRA genes. Tumour size, location, mitotic index and KIT/PDGFRA mutations are the most important prognostic parameters in GISTs. However, additional studies screening for new molecular prognostic markers in GISTs are missing. Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) has been considered as a suppressor of metastasis and a prognostic marker in several neoplasms. In the present study we aimed to examine whether RKIP expression is associated with GIST clinical–pathological features. Using immunohistochemistry, we determined RKIP expression levels in a well-characterised series of 70 GISTs. We found that RKIP is expressed ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2732501 Mon, 24 Aug 2009 16:52:23 +0100 2732501 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2723784&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F44j212738712463l%2F Abstract  DNA copy-number gains of chromosomes 8q, 13q, and 20q are frequently observed in gastric cancers. Moreover gain of chromosome 20q has been associated with lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study was to correlate DNA copy-number changes of individual genes on chromosomes 8q, 13q, and 20q in gastric adenocarcinomas to clinicopathological data. DNA isolated from 63 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded gastric adenocarcinoma tissue samples was analyzed by whole-genome microarray comparative genomic hybridization and by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), targeting 58 individual genes on chromosomes 8, 13, and 20. Using array comparative genomic hybridization, gains on 8q, 13q, and 20q were observed in 49 (77.8%), 25 (39.7%), and 49 (77.8%) ga... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2723784 Fri, 21 Aug 2009 15:27:40 +0100 2723784 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2718246&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh1452r0p672u5963%2F Abstract  Ubiquitin and telomerase immunohistochemical expression patterns in cervical cancer were compared with normal cervical tissue samples. Eighty-one cervical cancer cases and 22 normal exo–endocervical tissue were examined with polyclonal antibody for ubiquitin and 44G12 clone for telomerase using tissue microarrays. The results were interpreted using a semiquantitative scale The average age of patients was 50.67 years. The most frequent histological types were moderately differentiated epidermoid carcinoma (43.5%), according to the degree of differentiation, and endocervical adenocarcinoma (42.1%). Immunohistochemical findings were as follows: 98.7% of cervical cancers showed immunoexpression for ubiquitin and 52.6% for telomerase. Statistically significant d... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2718246 Wed, 19 Aug 2009 08:30:12 +0100 2718246 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2714407&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqj10j3307u5171q0%2F Abstract  Atypical lipomatous tumor or well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT-WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) share the same basic genetic abnormality characterized by a simple genomic profile with a 12q14–15 amplification involving MDM2 gene. These tumors are the most frequent LPS. This paper reviews the molecular pathology, general clinical and imaging features, histopathology, new diagnostic tools, and prognosis of ALT-WDLPS and DDLPS. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review and PerspectiveDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0815-xAuthors Jean-Michel Coindre, Institut Bergonié Department of Pathology and INSERM U916 Bordeaux FranceFlorence Pédeutour, CHU de Nice et CNRS UMR 6543, Faculté de Médecine Laboratoire de Génétique Somatique des Tumeurs Solides Nic... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2714407 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 19:08:26 +0100 2714407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2714406&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1551720682171247%2F Abstract  Hermann Lebert (1813–1879) was a pioneer of diagnostic pathology and medical iconography. He was born in Breslau, then Prussia, and died in Nice (France). He lived in Switzerland as a general physician, in France as a pathologist, and eventually became the chairman for internal medicine in Zurich and Breslau, respectively. The significance of Hermann Lebert for medical posterity has three aspects: firstly, scientific linking of the French (Parisian) school and its distinctive clinical/practical orientation to the later clinical/pathological German school of Johann Lukas Schönlein, Johannes Müller, and Rudolf Virchow; secondly, his pioneering of the diagnostic use of the microscope in pathological anatomy; and finally, his remarkable book, Traité d’anatomie p... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2714406 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 19:08:26 +0100 2714406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2707158&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fuh7p6p0324357043%2F Abstract  Delta-like protein (DLK) is expressed in fetal and adult adrenal glands. We have investigated if this expression is maintained in adrenal gland-derived tumors. All the studied 37 cortical tumors, including five carcinomas, stained positively as well as the 13 examined pheochromocytomas. Thus, DLK is a very sensitive marker for adrenal tumors of cortical and medullary origin. Renal cell carcinomas, presenting the major differential diagnostic problem for cortical tumors, were all negative, as well as melanomas, which are similar to high portion of adrenocortical tumors that react with melan-A. However, all paragangliomas, some carcinoids, and thyroid medullary carcinomas were also positive for DLK. Therefore, this novel immunohistochemical marker seems useful for t... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2707158 Fri, 14 Aug 2009 17:47:36 +0100 2707158 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2701234&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn645285g04500446%2F Abstract  An immunohistochemical (IHC) study has been conducted on 34 cases of untreated endocervical adenocarcinomas collected among three institutions (Ospedale S. Andrea, Rome; Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”, Naples; and Clinica Malzoni, Avellino). The E-cadherin and α- and β-catenin complex status has been investigated along with p16INK4a in all studied cases with the aim to study whether the pattern of expression of the cadherin–catenin complex could be causally related to the expression of P16INK4a protein. Results were evaluated for statistical significance by a non-parametric test (Kruskal–Wallis). Endocervical adenocarcinomas as a group were uniformly expressing p16INK4a except for two cases, and all lesions displayed downregulation of ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2701234 Wed, 12 Aug 2009 15:37:51 +0100 2701234 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697953&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F44192m41uu47153r%2F Abstract  The limited prognostic value of currently used histologic classifications of gastric cancer and their failure to account for the complexity of the disease as revealed by more recent investigations prompted a combined reinvestigation of histologic, molecular, and clinicopathologic patterns in 294 extensively sampled, invasive gastric cancers representing all main histotypes and stages of the disease and followed for a median of 150 months. Among histologic parameters tested, only cellular atypia, angio-lympho- or neuroinvasion, Ki67 proliferation index, expansile/infiltrative type growth, and T8 cell-rich high lymphoid intra-/peritumor response (HLR) proved to be stage-independent predictors of patient survival. Among molecular tests, p53 gene exon 7 (loop 3) ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697953 Tue, 11 Aug 2009 16:54:47 +0100 2697953 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2697954&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft02036g018p68thr%2F This report describes two cases, each showing fibroepithelial proliferation, admixed with intraduct papillomas. Case 1 was from a 13-year-old female who presented with a breast mass, while case 2 was from a 60-year-old female who also had a breast lump. Case 1 showed proliferative breast disease with multiple small papillomas, some with leaf-like contours. Broad-based parenchymal proliferations protruding into ducts were also seen, and there were overlap features between the two ends of this spectrum. Case 2, similarly, demonstrated a mixed intraductal proliferation, with papillomas on narrow stalks together with low-grade phyllode areas extending into ducts from a wider base. That fibroadenoma and intraduct papilloma may have a common pathogenesis is discussed. Content Type Journ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2697954 Tue, 11 Aug 2009 00:05:20 +0100 2697954 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2680413&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fph8l21053g3w1p13%2F Abstract  Patterns of allele loss (loss of heterozygosity (LOH)) were studied to identify the genetic backgrounds underlying the two putative carcinogenic pathways of ovarian clear-cell adenocarcinoma: carcinomas thought to arise in endometriosis (endometriosis-associated carcinomas, 20 cases) and carcinomas thought to be derived from clear-cell adenofibroma ((CCAF)-associated carcinomas, 14 cases). Each tumor was assessed for LOH at 24 polymorphic loci located on 12 chromosomal arms: 1p, 3p, 5q, 8p, 9p, 10q, 11q, 13q, 17p, 17q, 19p, and 22q. For all informative loci, the frequency of LOH was not statistically different between the two carcinoma groups: 38% (66/172 loci) in the endometriosis-associated carcinomas and 35% (40/113 loci) in the CCAF-associated carcinomas. In t... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2680413 Tue, 04 Aug 2009 21:18:53 +0100 2680413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2680414&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5111l031686j3355%2F In conclusion, additional immunohistochemical detection of neuroendocrine differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer is presently not of prognostic importance and does not justify a distinct consideration. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0812-0Authors William Sterlacci, Medical University Innsbruck Institute for Pathology Muellerstrasse 44 6020 Innsbruck AustriaMichael Fiegl, Medical University Innsbruck Division of Haematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine Anichstrasse 35 6020 Innsbruck AustriaWolfgang Hilbe, Medical University Innsbruck Division of Haematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine Anichstrasse 35 6020 Innsbruck AustriaJutta Auberger, Medical University Innsbruck Division of Haematology and Onco... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2680414 Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:44:45 +0100 2680414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2680415&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flt65r566405j684k%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Meeting ReportDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0810-2Authors Niels Grabe, University of Heidelberg Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis (TIGA) Center, BIOQUANT, INF 267 Heidelberg GermanyPeter Schirmacher, University of Heidelberg Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis (TIGA) Center, BIOQUANT, INF 267 Heidelberg Germany Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2680415 Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:44:42 +0100 2680415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2643468&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl7w61687q067g047%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory AbstractsDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0805-z Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 Journal Volume Volume 455 Journal Issue Volume 455, Supplement 1 / August, 2009 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2643468 Sat, 25 Jul 2009 08:27:41 +0100 2643468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2639009&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe2g854j272234g54%2F Abstract  In a previous retrospective study, we demonstrated the prognostic value of protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6) protein expression in breast carcinomas. Here, we analyzed PTK6 gene amplification using fluorescence in situ hybridization technique in a cohort of 426 invasive breast carcinomas and compared it with PTK6 expression level as well as with the clinical outcome of patients. Forty-five percent of tumors show increased PTK6 gene copy numbers when compared to normal tissue. Most of these, however, were related to chromosome 20 polysomy (30%), while gene amplification accounted for only 15%. Only “low level” amplification of the PTK6 gene, with up to eight signals per nucleus, was found. The PTK6 cytogenetic status (normal, gene amplification, polysomy 20) was... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2639009 Thu, 23 Jul 2009 09:07:16 +0100 2639009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2639010&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw207u56200756th3%2F Abstract  We analyzed 301 consecutive cases of 1–14-mm invasive breast carcinomas documented in large-format histological sections to determine the distribution of invasive and in situ foci. We also aimed to determine whether this distribution was related to the frequency of demonstrable vascular invasion and lymph node metastases. One third of the carcinomas (31.9%, 96 cases) had a multifocal invasive component and a more than doubled relative risk of vascular invasion (RR = 2.3642, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5077–3.7073) and lymph node metastasis (RR = 2.7760, 95% CI = 1.6337–4.7171) compared to unifocal invasive carcinomas. Invasive carcinomas with diffuse in situ component had an elevated relative risk for vascular invasion (RR = 2.2201, ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2639010 Thu, 23 Jul 2009 09:07:15 +0100 2639010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2618719&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F91802524g5v03495%2F Abstract  The multiplicity of epithelioid and mesenchymal forms of diffuse malignant mesothelioma includes patterns that may mimic another process. Identification of the multiplicity of patterns may help in the diagnosis of diffuse malignant mesothelioma. One pattern that has not been described is lymphangiomatoid. We observed six cases with ovoid or elongated or irregular anastomosing vascular-like spaces lined by flattened cells simulating lymphangioma. The luminal spaces could contain proteinaceous material simulating lymph but not erythrocytes. The cells lining the spaces were mesothelial by immunohistochemical staining. The lymphangiomatoid areas never constituted more than 40% of the area of the tumor on the slides. When seen in more solid areas of tumor, the lymphang... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2618719 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 08:31:41 +0100 2618719 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2592518&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F310725x52544u264%2F In conclusion, we suggest that cell-to-cell contact may affect nuclear changes such as BLNs and DLNs in cancer cell lines and that centrosomes may be involved in the morphogenetic process of these nuclear changes. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0802-2Authors Dongfeng Niu, University of Yamanashi Department of Human Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanShin-ichi Murata, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center Department of Pathology Saitama JapanTetsuo Kondo, University of Yamanashi Department of Human Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanTadao Nakazawa, University of Yamanashi Department of Human Patholog... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2592518 Thu, 09 Jul 2009 12:12:20 +0100 2592518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2578752&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu360513u6611u207%2F Abstract  Multifocal sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) may be misinterpreted as recurrent or metastatic disease, leading to inappropriate treatment. As molecular analysis is generally not available in routine practise, histological criteria that would facilitate diagnosis of multiple primary GISTs in routine slides are needed. We studied 14 GISTs (mean size, 2.7 cm) from six men and one woman (mean age, 70 years) applying morphological features and direct sequencing of KIT, PDGFRA, BRAF, and KRAS. Diagnosis was synchronous in five and metachronous in two patients. Paired tumours originated in stomach/small bowel (n = 5), duodenum/jejunum (n = 1), and stomach/oesophagus (n = 1) and revealed spindle (n = 10) and mixed spindle and epithel... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2578752 Mon, 06 Jul 2009 17:03:25 +0100 2578752 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2566091&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff10tu54556p3v316%2F In this study, we examined the expression of histamine-related genes and proteins and histamine content in normal adrenal cortex, benign adrenocortical adenomas, and malignant adrenocortical cancer (ACC). Fifteen normal adrenals and 43 tumors were studied. mRNA expression was examined by real time RT-PCR. Western-blotting and immunohistochemistry were used for the study of proteins. Tissue histamine content was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that all proteins involved in histamine biosynthesis and action are present both in the normal adrenal cortex and in the tumors studied. HDC expression and histamine content was highest in the normal tissues and lower in benign tumors, whereas it was significantly less in ACCs. HRH3 expression was significantly higher i... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2566091 Wed, 01 Jul 2009 06:14:18 +0100 2566091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2558548&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F864022512221w660%2F We present a case of a histiocytic sarcoma incidentally detected in peripheral lung tissue resected for a spontaneous pneumothorax. Furthermore, we discuss the practical approach to pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, the main differential diagnosis of this lesion in the lung, based on morphological and immunohistochemical features. A 23-year-old male patient presented with recurrent pneumothoraces. The pulmonary tissue showed a single round granuloma-like lesion measuring 4 mm in diameter in close neighbourhood to a bronchial wall. The granuloma consisted of histiocytic cells with enlarged pale nuclei, plasma cells, lymphocytes and scanty eosinophilic granulocytes giving the impression of a granuloma of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis on haematoxylin and eosin (H&E... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2558548 Mon, 29 Jun 2009 10:08:45 +0100 2558548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549761&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffxm538w7u4365j31%2F Abstract  Proteomics raises high expectations in finding novel and reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy prediction. The goal of the 2-day workshop “Protein analysis of tissues—current views and clinical perspectives” was to bring together scientists from multiple areas of protein research interested in tissue analysis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Meeting ReportDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0799-6Authors Karl-Friedrich Becker, Technische Universität München Institut für Pathologie Trogerstrasse 18 München 81675 GermanyAxel Walch, Helmholtzzentrum München Institut für Pathologie München GermanyMarius Ueffing, Helmholtzzentrum München Abteilung Proteinanalytik München Germany Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 09... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549761 Fri, 26 Jun 2009 07:13:22 +0100 2549761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2549762&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F766t7kq28435222n%2F Abstract  To investigate the involvement of transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation phenomena inside atherosclerotic plaques, we analyzed the differentiation status of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro and in vivo. Forty normal autoptic and 20 atherosclerotic carotid endarterectomy specimens as well as 20 specimens of infrarenal and suprarenal aortae were analyzed for the expression of cytokeratins 7 and 18 and β-catenin as markers (epithelial transdifferentiation) as well as CD31 and CD34 (embryonic dedifferentiation) by conventional and double fluorescence immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Looking at these markers, additional cell culture experiments with human aortic (HA)-VSMC were done under stimulation with IL-1β,... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2549762 Fri, 26 Jun 2009 07:13:16 +0100 2549762 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493872&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg5207130q2j2m642%2F This study was designed to analyse the potential diagnostic value of miR-181b and miR-21 for discriminating hyperplastic polyps (HP) from sessile serrated adenomas (SSA) without cytologic dysplasia. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction expression levels of miR-181b and miR-21 in 18 HPs, 19 SSAs without cytologic dysplasia and 20 normal colonic mucosal specimens were examined. In addition, 20 colorectal cancers specimen were analysed for miR-181b expression. Data were normalised to RNU48 as an internal control. A differential expression of miR-181b and miR-21 was found in HPs, SSAs, and normal colonic mucosa with highest expression levels in SSAs. Levels of miR-181b but not miR-21 differed in HPs and normal mucosa. SSAs exhibited both significantly higher miR-181b levels (up to 2... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493872 Tue, 23 Jun 2009 06:02:46 +0100 2493872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493871&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F102057w1841xqp14%2F Abstract  On behalf of all co-authors, I appreciate Prof. Kreipe’s thoughts concerning our presented study results very much. In order to sustain this fruitful discussion about new developments and techniques in pathological diagnostics, we would like to comment on the questions raised in the Letter to the editor. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0797-8Authors Christian Schem, University Clinic of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Michaelisstr. 16 24105 Kiel Germany Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493871 Tue, 23 Jun 2009 06:02:46 +0100 2493871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493873&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F36853825151l7747%2F In conclusion, the frequency of TT-UMP is low in our institution. Diagnostic reproducibility is within the same range as other published data on follicular-patterned thyroid tumours. The ancillary methods have a low impact on aiding diagnosis of such lesions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0798-7Authors Véronique Hofman, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis Inserm ERI-21, Faculty of Medicine avenue de Valombrose 06107 Nice FranceSandra Lassalle, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis Inserm ERI-21, Faculty of Medicine avenue de Valombrose 06107 Nice FranceChristelle Bonnetaud, Louis Pasteur Hospital Human Biobank CHU-CAL-UNSA/CRB INSERM 30 avenue de la voie Romaine 06002 Nice FranceCatherine Butori, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis Inserm... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493873 Sat, 20 Jun 2009 06:01:37 +0100 2493873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493874&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa462655m46316047%2F Abstract  Genes of the Wnt and Frizzled class, expressed in HNSCC tissue and cell lines, have an established role in cell morphogenesis and differentiation, and also they have oncogenic properties. We studied Wnt and Fz genes as potential tumor-associated markers in HNSCC by qPCR. Expression levels of Wnt and Fz genes in 22 unique frozen samples from HNSCC were measured. We also assessed possible correlation between the expression levels obtained in cancer samples in relation to clinicopathologic outcome. Wnt-1 was not expressed in the majority of the HNSCC studied, whereas Wnt-5A was the most strongly expressed by the malignant tumors. Wnt-10B expression levels were related with higher grade of undifferentiation. Related to Fz genes, Fz-5 showed more expression levels in n... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493874 Fri, 19 Jun 2009 06:42:18 +0100 2493874 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493875&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh5tt6l3527304325%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0792-0Authors William Sterlacci, Medical University of Innsbruck Department of Pathology Muellerstrasse 44 6020 Innsbruck AustriaGregor Mikuz, Medical University of Innsbruck Department of Pathology Muellerstrasse 44 6020 Innsbruck Austria Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493875 Thu, 18 Jun 2009 15:45:50 +0100 2493875 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2493876&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj30071678565n102%2F Abstract  Current concepts of the pathophysiology of necrotizing fasciitis (NF), a life-threatening infection of soft tissues associated with a toxic shock syndrome, emphasizes the role of bacterial superantigens as mediators of cytokine release by immune lymphocytes. In order to assess the cellular basis of immune activation, immunohistochemistry was applied to the analysis of inflammatory cell subsets in situ in 13 patients with NF. The percentage of inflammatory cells in skin and soft tissue was scored from 0 to 3+ (>50%). Substantial numbers of CD15+ polymorphonuclear leukocytes were present in 12 of 13 patients. CD3+ T-lymphocytes accounted for >10%, CD68+ macrophages for >50%, and Factor XIIIa+ mononuclear cells for >10% of the mononuclear cell infiltrates,... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2493876 Tue, 16 Jun 2009 05:50:17 +0100 2493876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2481667&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd646016g28458945%2F Abstract  An acute enteritis is commonly followed by intestinal neuromuscular dysfunction, including prolonged hyperexcitability of enteric neurons. Such motility disorders are associated with maintained increases in immune cells adjacent to enteric ganglia and in the mucosa. However, whether the commonly used animal model, trinitrobenzene sulphonate (TNBS)-induced enteritis, causes histological and immune cell changes similar to human enteric neuropathies is not clear. We have made a detailed study of the mucosal damage and repair and immune cell invasion following intralumenal administration of TNBS. Intestines from untreated, sham-operated and TNBS-treated animals were examined at 3 h to 56 days. At 3 h, the mucosal surface was completely ablated, by 6&nbs... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2481667 Thu, 11 Jun 2009 14:10:50 +0100 2481667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2481668&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl32r074186455454%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0796-9Authors Jung-UK Sir, Hanyang University Medical Center Institute of Rheumatism, The Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases Seoul South KoreaThink-You Kim, Hanyang University Medical Center Department of Early Arthritis/Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases 17 Haengdang-Dong Sungdong-Gu Seoul 133-792 South Korea Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2481668 Wed, 10 Jun 2009 10:03:11 +0100 2481668 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2471172&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffq8406j6w6n2l5t5%2F Abstract  In 1840, the University of Florence was the first university in Italy to confer a Professorship in Pathological Anatomy. The origin of this teaching post is linked to the history of the Pathology Museum founded in 1824 by the Florentine Accademia Medico-Fisica. The Museum houses anatomical specimens and waxworks depicting pathological conditions in the nineteenth century. Both the need to instruct medical students in pathology without resorting to corpse dissection and the difficulty of the lengthy preservation of anatomical preparations made it necessary to produce life-sized wax duplicates of diseased parts of the body. Through the history of the Pathology Museum of Florence, we describe how pathology developed and, in particular, how pathologists from a literary... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2471172 Tue, 09 Jun 2009 12:47:18 +0100 2471172 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461302&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F257w453377p73721%2F Abstract  Recently, there have been significant advances in our knowledge of stem cells found in tissues that can develop solid tumours. In particular, novel stem cell markers have been identified for the first time identifying multipotential cells: a required characteristic of a stem cell. The scarcity of cancer stem cells has been questioned. Current dogma states that they are rare, but novel research has suggested that this may not be the case. Here, we review the latest literature on stem cells, particularly cancer stem cells within solid tumours. We discuss current thinking on how stem cells develop into cancer stem cells and how they protect themselves from doing so and do they express unique markers that can be used to detect stem cells. We attempt to put into perspe... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461302 Fri, 05 Jun 2009 09:47:34 +0100 2461302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461303&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4q61475130408h70%2F In conclusion, the current study disclosed that RET/PTCs occur in a small population of tumor cells in papillary thyroid carcinomas. Even though RET/PTC is a specific genetic event in the carcinomas, our results suggested the possibility of RET/PTC as “passenger” abnormalities rather than “driver” oncogenic mutation during thyroid cancer progression, warranting further studies on mechanisms and implication of RET gene instability. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0789-8Authors Tadao Nakazawa, University of Yamanashi Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering Department of Pathology 1110 Shimokato Chuo Yamanashi 409-3898 JapanShin-ichi Murata, Saitama Medical University, International Medical Center Department of Pa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461303 Thu, 04 Jun 2009 10:05:50 +0100 2461303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2461304&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft67812k017072471%2F Abstract  Field-by-field (0.324 × 0.09 μM) counts of eosinophils were applied to the lamina propria of cartilaginous bronchi from 47 Los Angeles and 22 Miami residents 11 to 30 years of age who died suddenly from violence. A highly variable topographical distribution was found that appeared to be due mainly to variations in confluent eosinophil-positive fields and “hot spots” (≥3 eosinophils per field). Since biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of bronchial eosinophilia, there is a need to resolve the problem of non-uniformity. New measurements applicable to biopsy diagnosis are presented having potential usefulness for providing insight into the severity and topographical distribution of eosinophilia within bronchi that are the sites of biopsy. ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2461304 Thu, 04 Jun 2009 10:05:48 +0100 2461304 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2450790&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F16251g11j3284416%2F In this study, we analyze whether stroma reaction seen by Tn-C expression is detected early in tumorigenesis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) including medullary microcarcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia (CCH), which is accepted to be a precursor lesion of MTC in the setting of RET oncogene germ-line mutation. Tn-C was expressed in the stroma of all medullary microcarcinoma and in the stroma next to CCH. Stromal Tn-C expression was significantly more often seen in CCH with concomitant MTC than in isolated CCH of hereditary as well as nonhereditary cases (p = 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively). We conclude that Tn-C expression and thus early stroma remodeling is seen in medullary microcarcinoma and CCH. Stromal Tn-C expression seems to be an indicator of a further step in carci... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2450790 Sat, 30 May 2009 08:20:40 +0100 2450790 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2450789&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fql244584224687rv%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0779-xAuthors Carmen Valbuena, Hospital São João Department of Pathology Porto PortugalElísio Carvalho, Hospital São João Department of Nephrology Porto PortugalManuela Bustorff, Hospital São João Department of Nephrology Porto PortugalMariana Ganhão, Hospital São João Department of Pathology Porto PortugalSandra Relvas, Hospital São João Department of Pathology Porto PortugalRosete Nogueira, Centro Hospitalar de Gaia Department of Pathology Vila Nova de Gaia PortugalFátima Carneiro, Hospital São João Department of Pathology Porto PortugalJoão Paulo Oliveira, Hospital São João Department of Nephrology Porto Portugal Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Vircho... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2450789 Sat, 30 May 2009 08:20:40 +0100 2450789 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2450788&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq031361265811332%2F This study demonstrates that late tumour stages of KS in tissues from HIV-positive patients are associated with high levels of LANA-1, HIF-1α and of the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Finally, the expression of these proteins can be potentially used as a tissue biomarker in defining patients with a higher risk of disease progression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0791-1Authors E Long, Louis Pasteur Hospital Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology 30 avenue de la voie romaine Nice 06002 FranceM Ilie, Louis Pasteur Hospital Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology 30 avenue de la voie romaine Nice 06002 FranceV Hofman, Louis Pasteur Hospital Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology 30 avenue de la vo... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2450788 Sat, 30 May 2009 08:20:40 +0100 2450788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2444663&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F822234651148814t%2F Abstract  Malignant tumors invade and metastasize. They consist of cancer cells, evolving through genetic and epigenetic modulation, mixed with tumor-associated host cells, emerging from resident or bone marrow-derived precursors. These cells establish ecosystems to activate cellular programs for local invasion and distant metastasis. Characteristic of such malignancy-related activities is communication inside ecosystems between cells, ligands, receptor protein complexes, and signaling pathways as well as between ecosystems comprising the primary tumor, lymph node and distant metastasis, bone marrow and blood and lymph circulation. Complexity is another characteristic, resulting from: heterogeneity of the cell populations; the numbers of promoter and suppressor genes, their... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2444663 Wed, 27 May 2009 06:04:13 +0100 2444663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2444664&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff63ru5720q1r8n37%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0788-9Authors Michal Michal, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University Sikl’s Department of Pathology Alej Svobody 80 304 60 Pilsen Czech RepublicOndrej Hes, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University Sikl’s Department of Pathology Alej Svobody 80 304 60 Pilsen Czech RepublicNaoto Kuroda, Kochi Red Cross Hospital Department of Diagnostic Pathology Kochi JapanDmitry V. Kazakov, Medical Faculty Hospital, Charles University Sikl’s Department of Pathology Alej Svobody 80 304 60 Pilsen Czech RepublicMilan Hora, Charles University Hospital Department of Urology Pilsen Czech Republic Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2444664 Wed, 27 May 2009 06:04:11 +0100 2444664 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2435110&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7q52lg35p17mk45w%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0773-3Authors Flora Zagouri, University of Athens Breast Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokratio Hospital 114 V. Sofias Ave Athens 116 27 GreeceTheodoros N. Sergentanis, University of Athens Breast Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokratio Hospital 114 V. Sofias Ave Athens 116 27 GreeceAfrodite Nonni, University of Athens First Department of Pathology, Medical School Athens GreeceAlexandros Papalabros, University of Athens Breast Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokratio Hospital 114 V. Sofias Ave Athens 116 27 GreeceGeorge C. Zografos, University of Athens Breast Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippokratio Hospital 114 V. Sofias Ave Athens 116... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2435110 Sun, 24 May 2009 06:09:24 +0100 2435110 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420179&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqtq367025743523m%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0785-zAuthors Luigi Insabato, “Federico II” University of Naples Department of Pathology Naples ItalyDavid Ben-Dor, The Barzilai Medical Center Department of Pathology Ashkelon IsraelCarlos A. Galliani, Cook Children’s Medical Center Department of Pathology Fort Worth TX USAGaetano Lastilla, Polyclinic Hospital Department of Pathology Bari ItalyMichele Bisceglia, IRCCS–“Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital Department of Pathology San Giovanni Rotondo Italy Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420179 Sat, 16 May 2009 05:52:51 +0100 2420179 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420180&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq6r7h21648909q10%2F We examined differences in TS protein expression in nuclei of tumor cells between CRCs located proximal and distal to the splenic flexure. Nuclear TS was detected by immunohistochemistry with a TS 106 monoclonal antibody on tissue microarrays constructed from 269 CRCs. The median histological score of nuclear TS expression of all proximal tumors was two times higher (p = 0.0003) and in men three times higher (p = 0.00023) than that found in distal tumors. In multivariate analysis which included age, sex, Astler–Coller stage, histological grade, and site, only proximal location of the tumor was identified as an independent factor associated with higher TS expression (odds ratio 2.46, 95% confidence interval = 1.29–4.70, p = 0.0062). These results demonstrate signifi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420180 Fri, 15 May 2009 05:54:00 +0100 2420180 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2420181&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ftx8v88x18862p361%2F In this study, we examined whether Dkk3 was related to a premature or dedifferentiated nature in hepatoblastomas (HBLs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). It was demonstrated that Dkk3 was overexpressed in HBLs and HCCs and that its expression was more frequent in the former than in the latter, being consistent with the fact that most HBLs show an embryonal or fetal hepatic histology, whereas there was no distinct relationship between Dkk3 expression and clinical data or histology. All of the HBLs expressed Dkk3, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), or both proteins, suggesting that, similar to AFP, Dkk3 is another potentially useful biomarker detecting a wide range of HBLs. Furthermore, Dkk3 and AFP were expressed reciprocally in the tumors. These results suggest that Dkk3 may be related to ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2420181 Wed, 13 May 2009 06:07:56 +0100 2420181 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401147&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjx52105384065535%2F Abstract  Our objective was to study the gross genomic alterations in serous borderline tumors and serous adenocarcinomas of the ovary. A retrospective analysis of 245 serous borderline tumors and 62 serous adenocarcinomas from 249 patients was performed using high-resolution image cytometric DNA ploidy analysis. DNA ploidy status, S-phase fraction, and DNA index were evaluated. The majority of serous borderline tumors were diploid (225/245 cases, 92%). The remaining 8% showed an aneuploid peak predominantly with DNA index of less than 1.4. Grades 2 and 3 serous adenocarcinomas were more often (80%) nondiploid, mostly with DNA index exceeding 1.4. Grade 1 serous adenocarcinomas were an intermediate group, more similar to serous borderline tumors. The S-phase fraction increa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401147 Thu, 07 May 2009 05:53:38 +0100 2401147 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401146&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb168t7m4xt31wq88%2F Abstract  Orbital masses in children are uncommon but extremely challenging problems for clinicians and pathologists due to their critical location and availability of limited diagnostic material. We analyzed 47 specimens comprising biopsies, excision specimens, and FNAC of extraconal pediatric orbital masses (excluding retinoblastoma) accessioned in the pathology department over 5 years in a tertiary referral cancer center. Immunohistochemistry (IHC—74%) and molecular methods (one case) were done where necessary. The chief presenting symptom was proptosis in 55.3% patients and radiologically 53.8% malignant tumors showed extraorbital extension. A diagnostic algorithm was formulated to assess which cases needed pathology evaluation. Malignant round cell tumors (76.6%... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401146 Thu, 07 May 2009 05:53:38 +0100 2401146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2394264&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm708160730011180%2F This report examines the role of synoviocyte-derived AMPs in innate defense mechanisms of articular joints. Samples of healthy, low-grade synovialitis and septic synovial membranes were assessed for the expression of human β-defensin-2 (HBD-2) and Toll-like receptor-2 and -4 (TLR) by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A stable synoviocyte line (K4IM) was used for in vitro experiments and assayed for endogenous HBD-2 and TLR production after exposure to inflammatory cytokines or bacterial supernatants by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA, and dual luciferase assay. Healthy human synovial membranes and cultured synoviocytes are able to produce HBD-2 and TLR-1–5 at basal expression levels. ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2394264 Sun, 03 May 2009 05:55:14 +0100 2394264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2394266&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4mnt7g65h23481n1%2F Abstract  Soft tissue sarcomas are malignant neoplasms derived from mesenchymal tissues. Their pathogenesis is poorly understood and there are few effective treatment options for advanced disease. In the past decade, gene expression profiling has been applied to sarcomas to facilitate understanding of sarcoma pathogenesis and to identify diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers. In this paper, we review this body of work and discuss how gene expression profiling has led to advancements in the understanding of sarcoma pathobiology, the identification of clinically useful biomarkers, and the refinement of sarcoma classification schemes. Lastly, we conclude with a discussion of strategies to further optimize the translation of gene expression data into a greater understa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2394266 Sat, 02 May 2009 06:25:00 +0100 2394266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2394265&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Flk22w1802152742j%2F Abstract  The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of three prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) isomers in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue and to evaluate their relationship to clinicopathological factors and patient prognosis. Microsomal PGES (mPGES)-1, mPGES-2, cytosolic PGES (cPGES) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein expression were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The localization of each PGES and COX-2 protein was examined by immunohistochemistry in 155 surgical resections and correlated to clinicopathological factors and patient prognosis. mPGES-1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in CRC than in paired normal tissues. mPGES-1 immunoreactivity localized in cancer cells in 43% of cases. mPGES-2 immunoreactivity w... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2394265 Sat, 02 May 2009 06:25:00 +0100 2394265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2384918&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3826856245842727%2F Abstract  Adequate budget control in pathology practice requires accurate allocation of resources. Any changes in types and numbers of specimens handled or protocols used will directly affect the pathologists’ workload and consequently the allocation of resources. The aim of the present study was to develop a model for measuring the pathologists’ workload that can take into account the changes mentioned above. The diagnostic process was analyzed and broken up into separate activities. The time needed to perform these activities was measured. Based on linear regression analysis, for each activity, the time needed was calculated as a function of the number of slides or blocks involved. The total pathologists’ time required for a range of specimens was calculated based o... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2384918 Tue, 28 Apr 2009 16:45:46 +0100 2384918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2371900&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm04556677684040w%2F Abstract  Many soft tissue sarcoma subtypes have consistent chromosomal translocations with novel fusion genes, which result in disordered cellular function. The microscopic appearances, immunophenotype and behaviour of such tumours relate to the genetic events to a variable extent. This paper reviews the molecular pathology and related morphological and clinical features of sarcomas with non-EWS translocations. These include synovial sarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, infantile fibrosarcoma and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review and PerspectiveDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0776-0Authors Cyril Fisher, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Depar... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2371900 Mon, 27 Apr 2009 05:36:44 +0100 2371900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2371901&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F250l665267531u25%2F Abstract  Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is an acquired condition in which the normal lining of the esophagus is replaced by intestinal metaplastic epithelium. BE can evolve to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) through low-grade dysplasia (LGD) and high-grade dysplasia (HGD). The only generally accepted marker for increased risk of EAC is the presence of HGD, diagnosed on endoscopic biopsies. More specific markers for the prediction of EAC risk are needed. A tissue microarray was constructed comprising tissue samples from BE, LGD, HGD, and EAC. Marker expression was studied by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against CD44, DKK1, CDX2, COX2, SOX9, OCT1, E-cadherin, and β-catenin. Immunostaining was evaluated semi-quantitatively. CD44 expression decreased in HGD and EAC relat... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2371901 Sat, 25 Apr 2009 07:28:15 +0100 2371901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2366511&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl1201137ht866689%2F This study shows a unique pattern of expression for the different claudins in ER−ve and ER+ve tumors. Our data also suggests that increased expression of claudins 1 and 4 was associated with the basal-like subtype of breast cancers, a subtype generally linked to poor outcome. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0770-6Authors Anne A. Blanchard, University of Manitoba Department of Pathology 770 Bannatyne Avenue Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R3E0W3George P. Skliris, University of Manitoba Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics Winnipeg Manitoba CanadaPeter H. Watson, Deeley Research Center BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver Island Center Victoria BC CanadaLeigh C. Murphy, University of Manitoba Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics Winn... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2366511 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 08:26:49 +0100 2366511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2366508&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvr6681q1556k7388%2F Abstract  Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver is considered to develop as a hyperplastic response to a preexisting vascular abnormality. From the pathogenic point of view, we studied histological alterations in the extranodular background liver tissue of FNH (FNH-bg-liver). We compared ten FNH-bg-livers with ten non-FNH cases (non-FNH-liver) and found small uniform nodule formations with ring-like siderosis in the FNH-bg-livers (4/7, 57%) but not in the non-FNH-livers. Abnormal small arteries not accompanied by portal tracts were observed in six of six FNH-bg-livers for which immunohistochemical study was available, while this was observed in only three of the ten non-FNH-livers. CD34-positive sinusoids around the portal tracts were observed in only the FNH-bg-live... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2366508 Thu, 23 Apr 2009 08:26:49 +0100 2366508 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358166&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F583855w02448104u%2F Abstract   BRCA1-associated breast cancer frequently presents with estrogen-receptor (ERα) and progesterone-receptor (PR) negativity, grade 3, and early onset. In contrast, in BRCA1-deficient mice, ERα is highly expressed in early tumorigenesis. In a retrospective cohort study on 587 breast cancer patients with deleterious BRCA1 mutations, the correlation of ER, PR status, grading, age of onset, and tumor size was investigated. ERα and PR expression decreased from 62% in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to 20% and 16% in pT3, respectively (p value for ER 0.025 and PR 0.035, Fisher’s exact test). The percentage of grade 1/2 tumors decreased from 44% in DCIS to 17% in pT3 (p value 0.074). Moreover, ER/PR positivity increased with increasing age. Our data suggest that early... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358166 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 10:04:45 +0100 2358166 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358190&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu271x745g3125h55%2F Abstract  Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is a biphasic tumor composed of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and malignant spindle cells. There is mounting evidence that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SpCC. Transcription repression has recently emerged as a fundamental mechanism triggering EMT in experimental models. Our aim is to analyze the expression of transcription repressors Snail, Slug, Twist, and SIP1 in SpCC of the head and neck in comparison to SCC, matched for location and stage. Thirty cases of SpCC and 30 cases of SCC of the head and neck were included. Snail, Slug, Twist, and SIP1 expression was analyzed on mRNA and protein levels, using real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358190 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 10:04:43 +0100 2358190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2358178&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc1286301r5m306u8%2F Abstract  Repeated cyclophosphamide (CP) chemotherapy increases the risk of developing bladder cancer, which could be due to the extremely rapid proliferation of urothelial cells observed in hyperplastic urothelium induced by CP treatment. We investigated the effect of melatonin on the development of urothelial hyperplasia induced by repeated CP treatment. Male ICR mice were injected with CP (150 mg/kg) or melatonin (10 mg/kg) with CP once a week for 3, 4 and 5 weeks. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis were used to study the ultrastructure, apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of urothelial cells. Repeated doses of CP caused the development of hyperplastic urothelium with up to ten cell layers ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2358178 Tue, 21 Apr 2009 10:04:43 +0100 2358178 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2336023&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F37l2052703662752%2F Abstract  Cell locomotion, including cancer cell invasion, is closely associated with the dynamics of cytoskeletal structures. Previous in vitro studies indicated that tubulin isotype composition may affect polymerization properties and dynamics of microtubules. Colorectal cancer is a good model for studying tumour invasion because of the easily detectable invasive front. Hence, we investigated the localization of βIII-tubulin in colorectal cancer specimens. Immunohistochemical staining for βIII-tubulin was evident in cancer cells apparently budding from adjacent malignant cells with a higher differentiation and negative staining. An association between βIII-tubulin immunoreactivity and tumour budding grade was demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2336023 Fri, 10 Apr 2009 05:58:23 +0100 2336023 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2336024&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft567545046301488%2F Abstract  In order to survey the diagnostic reporting of melanomas by European pathologists and assess their current practice and opinions on the information required in the final report, a web-based questionnaire was diffused through the members of the Dermatopathology Working Group of the European Society of Pathology. Forty replies from different pathology laboratories were collected (49%). Main prognostic parameters related to the primary tumor, including Breslow thickness, presence of ulceration, and Clark’s level, as well as additional features, are reported by a large majority of laboratories. Presence of regression is reported by 90% of respondents but with different recording items. For sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for melanoma, the conventional panel of anti... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2336024 Wed, 08 Apr 2009 08:08:13 +0100 2336024 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2315464&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh546123418047633%2F We present herein three cases diagnosed with the clinical and pathological findings of a new entity in the literature, b-IPMN, and we discuss the macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical features. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0767-1Authors Banu Yaman, University of Ege Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Izmir TurkeyDeniz Nart, University of Ege Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Izmir TurkeyFunda Yilmaz, University of Ege Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Izmir TurkeyAhmet Coker, University of Ege Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Izmir TurkeyMurat Zeytunlu, University of Ege Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Izmir TurkeyMurat Kilic, University of Ege Department of Gen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2315464 Sun, 05 Apr 2009 12:54:41 +0100 2315464 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2315467&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr7j4062925711820%2F Abstract  The authors review the role played by mutations in mitochondrial DNA and in nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in cancer development, with an emphasis on the alterations of the oxidative phosphorylation system and glycolysis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review and PerspectiveDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0766-2Authors Valdemar Máximo, University of Porto Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Porto PortugalJorge Lima, University of Porto Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Porto PortugalPaula Soares, University of Porto Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Porto PortugalManuel Sobrinho-Simões, University of Porto Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty Porto Portugal Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2315467 Fri, 03 Apr 2009 07:02:20 +0100 2315467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2315471&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu4030716751736r4%2F We examined 16 esophageal melanomas for genetic alterations in NRAS, BRAF, and KIT to determine whether they exhibit genetic features common to melanomas arising from other mucosal sites. A sequencing analysis identified NRAS mutations in six cases; notably, four of these mutations were located in exon 1, an uncommon mutation site in cutaneous and other mucosal melanomas. BRAF and KIT mutations were found in one case each. Immunohistochemistry showed KIT expression in four cases, including the tumor with a KIT mutation and two other intramucosal tumors. The low frequency of BRAF mutations and the presence of a KIT mutation-positive case are findings similar to those of mucosal melanomas of other sites, but the prevalence of NRAS mutations was even higher than that of cutaneous melanoma... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2315471 Wed, 25 Mar 2009 06:49:44 +0100 2315471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291067&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff10526u281t0t483%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0758-2Authors Hans Kreipe, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover Institute of Pathology Carl Neuberg Strasse 1 30625 Hannover Germany Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291067 Tue, 24 Mar 2009 07:08:35 +0100 2291067 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291069&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg1162g33423r0v38%2F Abstract  Cellular angiofibroma is a benign tumor of the superficial soft tissues of the vulvovaginal and inguinoscrotal regions of adult patients. Histologically, it is characterized by bland spindle cells arranged without any pattern in a stroma with thin collagen fibrils and evenly distributed small- to medium-sized blood vessels with hyalinized walls. The case of a 44-year-old female with a perineal cellular angiofibroma containing small leiomyomatous nodules is described in this case report. These nodules could probably be originated from smooth muscle differentiation of the spindle cell component of an otherwise conventional cellular angiofibroma. To our knowledge, the finding of distinct leiomyomatous nodules within a cellular angiofibroma has not been previously rep... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291069 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 10:41:30 +0100 2291069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291068&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1271450q610342k6%2F Abstract  Clinical management of incidental prostate cancer (IPC) remains challenging since its clinical course cannot be predicted by conventional histopathology. Aiming to define predictive factors in IPC, we correlated the immunohistochemically detected expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PSAP), alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR, p504s), and androgen receptor in transurethral resection specimens with Gleason scores and histologic staging on the corresponding radicals in a cohort of 54 patients (mean age, 65.9 years; range, 49–80 years). PSAP expression showed a significant correlation with tumor staging (ρ = −0.37; p = 0.02) but not with Gleason scores (ρ = −0.06; p = 0.69). K-statistics revealed ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291068 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 10:41:30 +0100 2291068 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291071&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh605828l12983275%2F In conclusion, the expression pattern of circadian genes might be a biomarker for the prognosis of breast cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0761-7Authors Shou-Jen Kuo, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine Kaohsiung TaiwanShou-Tung Chen, Changhua Christian Hospital Department of Surgery and Pathology Changhua TaiwanKun-Tu Yeh, Changhua Christian Hospital Department of Surgery and Pathology Changhua TaiwanMing-Feng Hou, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine Kaohsiung TaiwanYa-Sian Chang, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine Kaohsiung TaiwanNicholas C. Hsu, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine Kaohsiu... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291071 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 09:53:13 +0100 2291071 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291074&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg123x54424327844%2F In conclusion, our findings suggest a role for SEMA3A as an antiangiogenic factor in meningiomas with its decrease being associated with the development of recurrences. The supplementation of SEMA3A might be used in novel therapeutic antiangiogenic strategies to prevent the recurrence of highly vascularized meningiomas. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0757-3Authors Valeria Barresi, University of Messina Department of Human Pathology Messina ItalyEnrica Vitarelli, University of Messina Department of Human Pathology Messina ItalySerenella Cerasoli, M. Bufalini Hospital Unit of Pathology Cesena Italy Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291074 Fri, 20 Mar 2009 09:53:12 +0100 2291074 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2279498&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgjn5100894820426%2F Abstract  A role for the EGF system, in particular HER1 and 2, in growth of the endometrium has been suggested but HER1 and 2 have not been studied in all locations of endometriosis and in ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma (OEC) which is a rare form of malignant transformation of endometriosis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used for studying HER1 and HER2 in ovarian (n = 10), peritoneal (n = 10), colorectal endometriosis (n = 20) and OEC (n = 10). Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used for analysing the status of HER2 gene in colorectal endometriosis and OEC. All samples were negative for HER2 in both glandular and stromal cells and in glandular cells for HER1 by IHC. In 15 out of 20 colorectal endometriosis, there was a weak expression in stroma... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2279498 Wed, 18 Mar 2009 07:04:33 +0100 2279498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2279499&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk2441166p3q65068%2F Abstract  Recent anatomo-pathological studies have revealed a frequent associated hypoplasia of both arcuate nucleus and lungs in stillbirths. The purpose of this study is to analyze the lung and brainstem development in sudden unexplained perinatal death and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). A total of 51 cases were investigated. A complete autopsy was performed in each case. Anatomo-pathologic examination of the central autonomic nervous system included an in-depth study on histological serial sections of the brains where the main structures participating in control of the vital functions are located. The stage of lung development was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic criteria. In 52.9% of cases, a pulmonary hypoplasia was detected. The pulmonary hypoplasia was ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2279499 Sat, 14 Mar 2009 13:19:30 +0100 2279499 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2279500&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fbmx2207k772j1727%2F Abstract  MicroRNAs are small RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. After their discovery 15 years ago, a new layer of gene regulation was introduced into every field of human biology and medicine. Considering the strong association between genetic alterations and neoplastic diseases, it is not surprising that there is a special focus on miRNAs and cancer. A multitude of experimental studies on colorectal cancer, the most common cancer site and furthermore the second most common cause of death due to cancer, deliver insight into miRNA-mediated, regulatory links to well-known oncogenic and tumour suppressor signalling pathways. Furthermore, several investigations have described the ability of microRNA expression patterns to predict progno... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2279500 Sat, 14 Mar 2009 13:19:28 +0100 2279500 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265554&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw8570614n12h3231%2F Abstract  Web-based virtual microscopy has enabled new applications within pathology. Here, we introduce and evaluate a network of academic servers, designed to maximize image accessibility to users from all regions of Europe. Whole-slide imaging was utilized to digitize the entire slide set (n = 154) for the slide seminars of the 21st European Congress of Pathology. The virtual slides were mirrored to five academic servers across Europe using a novel propagation method. Functionality was implemented that automatically selects the fastest server connection in order to optimize the slide-viewing speed (http://www.webmicroscope.net/ECP2007). Results show that during 6 months of monitoring the uptime of the network was 100%. The average viewing speed with the network w... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265554 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 09:58:49 +0100 2265554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265555&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1g0x45754718106%2F We examined the presence of the Hedgehog pathway in normal and pathological human colon tissue. Components investigated include Sonic (Shh), Indian (Ihh), and Desert Hedgehog (Dhh), Gli1, Gli2, Gli3, and Patched (Ptch). Pathological tissue samples comprised 23 benign and 20 malignant lesions of human colon. The influence of the Hedgehog pathway on differentiation and proliferation has been investigated by analyzing the effect of the pathway inhibitor Cyclopamine on human colon cancer cell lines HT29 and CaCo2. In normal colon, we detected expression of Shh and Dhh within the lining epithelium and Patched, Gli1, and Gli2 along the whole crypts. Within all benign lesions, positive staining of Shh, Dhh, Gli1, Gli2, and Ptch was detected. Expression of Shh and Dhh was restricted to singl... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265555 Thu, 12 Mar 2009 09:58:48 +0100 2265555 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265556&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb02w875308j1w2p2%2F This study evaluated CD44 and COX-2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and analyzed its relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics. The prognostic impact on patient survival was compared between the two proteins. CD44 and COX-2 mRNA levels in 42 primary CRCs were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR, with normalization relative to GAPDH. The cycle threshold (Ct) values were measured, and results are expressed as the Ct ratios of CD44 or COX-2 to GAPDH. The COX-2 Ct ratio was much lower in cases of lymphovascular invasion by the tumor than for no invasion (P = 0.004). During follow-up for a median of 40 months, there was no significant difference in the median CD44 Ct ratio between survivors and non-survivors (P = 0.362), whereas the COX-2 Ct ratio w... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265556 Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:01:11 +0100 2265556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265557&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F3443hjl4m4t44580%2F Abstract  Epidemiological and molecular data suggest the involvement of estrogen signaling in colorectal tissue, mediated mainly through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). Estrogens may mediate their effects in epithelial cells indirectly by acting on stromal cells. Expression of ERα, ERβ1, and the ER coregulators, amplified in breast cancer-1 (AIB-1) and transcriptional intermediary factor 2 (TIF-2), was evaluated in myofibroblasts of 107 colorectal carcinomas, 77 paired samples of normal mucosa, and 29 adenomas by immunohistochemistry. Double immunostaining with a-SMA was used to identify the myofibroblasts of normal tissue, adenomas, and cancer microenvironment. ERα was not expressed in stromal cells. Nuclear expression of ERβ1, AIB-1, and TIF-2 in myofibroblasts gradual... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265557 Wed, 11 Mar 2009 15:01:10 +0100 2265557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2253419&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk77m455l0074v525%2F Abstract  The aim of this study is to characterize personal consultation practice in salivary pathology and to identify most common diagnostic challenges. Seven hundred sixty consultation requests were prospectively indexed over 12 months, and 205 cases of salivary type tumors were identified. The following data were recorded: anatomic site, patients' age and gender, geographic origin of cases, diagnoses by submitting pathologist and consultant, and turn-around time. Final diagnosis was offered by submitting pathologist in 77 of 205 cases (37.5%). The definitive diagnosis was provided to contributors in 188 of 205 cases (91.7%); diagnostic limitations and potential adequacy issues were addressed in 17 remaining cases. The average turn-around time was 4.4 days. The... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2253419 Sat, 07 Mar 2009 12:14:30 +0100 2253419 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2248588&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F673315786n177877%2F In conclusion, CNS DSRCT follows a similar aggressive course as do peritoneal examples. Although rare, DSRCT warrants consideration in the differential diagnosis of “malignant small blue cell tumors” of the CNS. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00428-009-0750-xAuthors Luciano Neder, Mayo Clinic Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology 200 First Street, SW Rochester MN 55905 USABernd W. Scheithauer, Mayo Clinic Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology 200 First Street, SW Rochester MN 55905 USAKeki E. Turel, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Neurosurgery Mumbai IndiaMark A. Arnesen, Abbott Northwestern Hospital Department of Laboratory Medicine Minneapolis MN USARhett P. Ketterling, Mayo Clinic Department of ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2248588 Thu, 05 Mar 2009 15:00:50 +0100 2248588