MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Virchows Archiv' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 00:42:23 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5669162&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr128646757864482%2F This study shows coronary vasculitis as a rare cause of SCD with a variable macroscopic and microscopic presentation that pathologists need to be aware of. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1173-zAuthors Katsuya Norita, Imperial College London, London, UKSofia V. de Noronha, CRY Centre for Cardiac Pathology, Imperial College London, London, UKMary N. Sheppard, CRY Centre for Cardiac Pathology, Imperial College London, London, UK Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5669162 Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:51:20 +0100 5669162 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5661202&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fmp08830315u1l731%2F Abstract  We intended to see the pattern of TJ protein expression along with ultrastructural changes in colonic biopsies from patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and tuberculosis (cTB). Colonic biopsies from 11 patients with active CD and ten patients each with active UC and untreated cTB were taken along with biopsies from six patients with irritable bowel syndrome as controls. These were evaluated for expression pattern of key TJ proteins which included claudin-2 as TJ pore-forming protein, claudin-4 as pore-sealing protein, ZO-1 as scaffold protein, and occludin as TJ protein related to cell migration and polarity. Claudin-2 expression was upregulated along the whole length of intercellular junction (ICJ) in biopsies from patients with active C... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5661202 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:11:52 +0100 5661202 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5661203&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F142313251813785p%2F This study indicates that PI in addition to mitotic count may improve prediction of the biological behavior of PC and should be validated in prospective studies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00428-012-1194-2Authors Tina Zahel, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanySabine Krysa, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyEsther Herpel, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyAlbrecht Stenzinger, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyBenjamin Goeppert, Institute for Pathology, University Hosp... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5661203 Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:48:02 +0100 5661203 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639876&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn631871085525188%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-012-1196-0Authors Carmen Valbuena, Department of Pathology, Hospital São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalDina Leitão, Department of Pathology, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, PortugalFátima Carneiro, Department of Pathology, Hospital São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalJoão Paulo Oliveira, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639876 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:55:21 +0100 5639876 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5639877&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm2k46760384l8q12%2F Abstract  Tissues used for clinical diagnostics are mostly formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) which provides many advantages. However, the quality of the obtained nucleic acids (NA) is reduced and this turns out to be a challenge for further molecular analyses. Although the spectrum of analyses of NA extracted from FFPE tissue has increased, the standard operating procedures for NA isolation from old tissue blocks still need to be improved. Here, we compared the efficiency of different NA extraction methods, using FFPE tissues of variable age and origin, with respect to downstream analyses. Our study showed that the phenol–chloroform isoamyl alcohol (PCI) and the commercial Qiagen protocol yielded samples with highest purity. The PCI protocol delivered the longes... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5639877 Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:55:19 +0100 5639877 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621575&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F71664x6807g75275%2F Abstract  A major function of the enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iAP) is the detoxification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligand of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Hence, iAP has a role in the defence of maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. As intestinal barrier integrity is impaired in coeliac disease (CD), we tested the expression and localization of iAP in duodenal mucosa specimens from children with newly diagnosed CD (n = 10), with CD on gluten-free diet (GFD) (n = 5) and compared to those from ten healthy children. The mRNA and protein expression was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Tissue localization of iAP and TLR4 was determined by immunofluorescence staining. iAP protein expression level was significantly lower th... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621575 Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:07:38 +0100 5621575 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5621576&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ffp04231106t56780%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1189-4Authors Marianna Salemme, Department of Pathology, University-Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalySimona Fisogni, Department of Pathology, University-Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyRoberto Giardini, Department of Pathology, Istituti Ospitalieri Cremona, 26100 Cremona, ItalyDaniela Medicina, Department of Pathology, University-Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyWilliam Vermi, Department of Pathology, University-Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, ItalyFabio Facchetti, Department of Pathology, University-Spedali Civili Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5621576 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:56:51 +0100 5621576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5611944&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn68865354v3256r7%2F We report a unique case of primary IgG4-related lymphadenopathy showing prominent granulomatous inflammation and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation. Involved lymph nodes showed an expanded interfollicular zone with prominent granulomatous inflammation, including a predominance of epithelioid macrophages and occasional Langhans multinucleated giant cells. Bundles of spindle cells were also observed. Intermingled with the granulomatous inflammation were numerous mature plasma cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils. The percentage of IgG4+/IgG+ plasma cells was markedly elevated (70%), along with raised serum IgG4 levels. The plasma cells did not show immunoglobulin light-chain restriction. EBV-positive lymphocytes were scattered throughout the paracortical areas. Corticosteroid treat... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5611944 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 07:07:43 +0100 5611944 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5611945&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6766748218572035%2F The objective of this study was to validate this finding at the mRNA and protein level. Quantitative PCR analysis of 112 Müllerian serous carcinomas (84 effusions, 28 primary ovarian carcinomas) and 22 malignant mesotheliomas (19 effusions, 3 solid specimens) showed significantly higher RAB25 mRNA expression in the former tumor (p < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis of Rab25 protein expression in 245 effusions showed significantly higher expression of this protein in Müllerian serous carcinoma compared to malignant mesothelioma (189/209 vs. 12/36 positive tumors, respectively; p < 0.001). Immunostaining of 101 patient-matched solid Müllerian carcinoma specimens (34 primary carcinomas, 67 metastases) showed expression levels comparable to effusions (94/101 positive... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5611945 Tue, 17 Jan 2012 07:07:42 +0100 5611945 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599884&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk771876p3651x7l3%2F Abstract  Neuroblastoma (NB) accounts for 15% of all childhood cancer deaths. The majority of patients have widespread lymphatic and/or haematogenous metastases at diagnosis, but lymphangiogenesis has not been well documented. Sixty-seven NBs were immunostained for the lymphatic endothelial marker, LYVE-1, and the lymphatic density (LD) and lymphatic invasion (LI), were counted in LYVE-1-expressing lymphatics. LYVE-1-stained lymphatic vessels and LI were present in 26/67 (39%) and 14/67 (21%) of the NBs, respectively. Central LD (CLD) and LI were higher in NBs from stage 4 (p = 0.012, p = 0.004, respectively), high-risk group (p = 0.030, p = 0.002), NBs with high mitosis karyorrhexis index (MKI) (p = 0.011, p = 0.005), unfavourable histology group (p�... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599884 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 16:48:09 +0100 5599884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5599883&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu3l67m5852383432%2F Abstract  To ascertain the approach and degree of consensus of pathologists in the handling and regression grading of colorectal cancer resection specimens treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation, a ten-part questionnaire was circulated to 18 gastrointestinal pathologists in eight countries. The questions were specific and addressed pertinent issues related to colorectal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. There is a lack of consensus on how to handle the specimen, number of sections taken, correlation with pre- and post-operative radiological imaging, and especially, regression grading schema employed. Consensus in the form of guidelines is required so that the pathological assessment of these specimens will provide clinically relevant information for patient managemen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5599883 Thu, 12 Jan 2012 16:48:09 +0100 5599883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5585662&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh864045r46735721%2F We present 45 patients with angiomatoid polyps of the nasal and paranasal regions (APNPRs), which are underrecognized lesions which may cause considerable diagnostic difficulties. There were 32 men and 13 women in our series. The average age at diagnosis was 49 years in men and 54.3 years in women. Locations were known in 41 cases and included the nasal septum (14), maxillary sinus (12), ethmoid sinuses (5), lateral wall of the nasal cavity (5), sphenoid sinus (1), and nasal cavity, not otherwise specified (4). X-ray or computed tomography was performed in 19 cases and revealed bone erosions/deviations in four cases. Initial misdiagnoses submitted by referring pathologists were reported in 20/32 of the consultation cases. Our study confirms that APNPRs are benign lesions wh... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5585662 Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:55:40 +0100 5585662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5585663&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F823t377q4x862471%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Invited EditorialPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1176-9Authors Fred T. Bosman, University Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5585663 Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:36:15 +0100 5585663 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5562662&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff80737115l82g764%2F Abstract  KIT protein expression and mutational status of KIT gene in different types of tumours have been intensively studied since Imatinib Mesylate, KIT/PDGFRA tyrosine kinase inhibitor became available. However, only one immunohistochemical study on KIT expression in pituitary adenomas has been published. There are currently no reports on mutational status of KIT gene in pituitary adenomas. We have immunohistochemically investigated KIT expression in 252 pituitary adenomas and found cytoplasmic reactivity in 52.4% and membranous reactivity in 8.3% of all adenomas. There was statistically significant difference in KIT expression between clinically non-functioning, growth hormone- and adrenocorticotroph hormone-producing adenomas. The group with membranous expression was ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5562662 Mon, 02 Jan 2012 16:47:38 +0100 5562662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5553717&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9147022253rx6627%2F Abstract  Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder of glycosphingolipids, mostly globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Proteinuric chronic kidney disease develops frequently, and recognition of Fabry nephropathy on a kidney biopsy may be the first clue to the underlying diagnosis. Since the accumulated glycosphingolipids are largely extracted by the paraffin-embedding procedure, the most characteristic feature of Fabry nephropathy on routine light microscopy (LM) is nonspecific cell vacuolization. To test whether residual Gb3 in kidney tissue might be exploited for the specific diagnosis of Fabry nephropathy, paraffin-embedded kidney biopsies of nine FD patients (one boy, four men, four women) and of a female carrier of a mild genetic mutation, with no eviden... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5553717 Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:51:57 +0100 5553717 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546076&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5q05526730554077%2F In this study, we evaluated the expression of CHFR and several cell cycle regulators, including cyclin A, cyclin B1, cdc2, and cdk2, by immunohistochemical staining in 53 cases of primary gastric GISTs, and compared the immunohistochemical results with the clinicopathological factors or the GIST risk grades as modified by Miettinen et al. Of the 53 cases, 18 (34%) showed decreased nuclear CHFR expression. Decreased CHFR expression was correlated with higher mitotic counts [>5/50 high-power fields (HPFs)] (p = 0.039) and a high-risk grade (p = 0.0475), but not with expression of other cell cycle regulators. Higher cyclin A labeling index (LI, >1.5%), cyclin B1 LI (>0.25%), cdc2 LI (>1.16%), Ki-67 LI (>4.9%), mitotic counts (>5/50 HPF) and high-risk grade were ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546076 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:07:05 +0100 5546076 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5546075&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F55742527q43744wv%2F Abstract  Atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and epithelial dysplasia of the stomach are common and are associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer. In the absence of guidelines, there is wide disparity in the management of patients with these premalignant conditions. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, the European Helicobacter Study Group, the European Society of Pathology, and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva have therefore combined efforts to develop evidence-based guidelines on the management of patients with precancerous conditions and lesions of the stomach. A multidisciplinary group of 63 experts from 24 countries developed these recommendations by means of repeat online voting and a meeting in June 2011 in Porto, Por... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5546075 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:07:05 +0100 5546075 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516639&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe1h314k2164g1379%2F We describe the performance of a TaqMelt polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay—the cobas® KRAS Mutation Test—designed to detect 19 mutations in codons 12, 13, and 61. The limit of detection was determined using DNA blends from cell lines, plasmids, and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. Assay performance was compared to Sanger sequencing using a panel of 188 specimens. Discordant specimens were subjected to next generation pyrosequencing (454). Assay repeatability was assessed using a panel of six specimens. A >95% correct mutation call rate was obtained in all specimen types with ~5% mutant alleles at DNA inputs of 0.8–6.3 ng per PCR reaction; 100% detection rate was observed at the recommended DNA input of 50 ng. The positive percent agreement wi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516639 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:51:29 +0100 5516639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5516640&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5pq6k52057568076%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1183-xAuthors Ariadne H. A. G. Ooms, Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC—University Medical Centre, P.O. 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsJoanne Verheij, Department of Pathology, AMC, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsJessie M. Hulst, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC—Sophia, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsJohn Vlot, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC—Sophia, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsCynthia van der Starre, Neonatal and Pediatric ICU, Erasmus MC—Sophia, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsLissy de Ridder, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC—Sophia, Rotterdam, The NetherlandsRonald R. de Krijger, Department of Pathology, Josephine Nefkens ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5516640 Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:51:28 +0100 5516640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488948&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn3327k01t7k514pu%2F Abstract  High immunohistochemical expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is found in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but no studies have assessed CAIX in metastatic ccRCC (mccRCC) of the lung. As 75% of patients with mccRCC show lung involvement, characterization of protein expression in these lesions is warranted. This investigation analyzed CAIX immunohistochemical expression in pulmonary/pleural tumors including mccRCC (n = 22), mesothelioma (n = 19), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 27), small cell carcinoma (n = 9), and adenocarcinoma (n = 49), as well as other mesothelial lesions (n = 4). Membranous immunoreactivity was semiquantitatively evaluated for percent of cells stained and intensity. All cases of mccRCC (1+, 4.5%; 3+, 95.5%) and... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488948 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:40:13 +0100 5488948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5488947&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F715266825144qg2x%2F Abstract  In February 2011, a group of pathologists from different departments in Europe met in Zurich, Switzerland, to discuss opportunities and challenges for pathology in the era of personalized medicine. The major topics of the meeting were assessment of the role of pathology in personalized medicine, its future profile among other biomedical disciplines with an interest in personalized medicine as well as the evolution of companion diagnostics. The relevance of novel technologies for genome analysis in clinical practice was discussed. The participants recognize that there should be more initiatives taken by the pathology community in companion diagnostics and in the emerging field of next-generation sequencing and whole genome analysis. The common view of the participa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5488947 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:40:13 +0100 5488947 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5460326&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F00vx853w5u026531%2F Abstract  Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens (MHC class II) are constitutively expressed by professional antigen presenting cells and present antigenic peptides to specific CD4+ T lymphocytes. MHC class II expression, however, can also be induced on epithelial cells and in a variety of solid tumors. We tested MHC class II expression on tissue samples derived from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pancreatic endocrine tumors (PET). Immunohistochemistry revealed MHC class II expression in 86 of 112 (76.8%) PDAC samples and in 30 of 43 (70.0%) PET samples. In PDAC and PET, MHC class II expression correlated significantly with severity and activity of intratumoral inflammation, as well as with the infiltration of CD4+ T lymphocytes. High ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5460326 Sat, 26 Nov 2011 16:48:00 +0100 5460326 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450878&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F96986tu503668675%2F Abstract  Somatic mutations of PIK3CA and ARID1A are the most common genetic alterations observed in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas (CCA). In a previous report, we showed that PIK3CA gene mutations and loss of ARID1A expression occur early during the development of CCA. In the present study, using direct genomic DNA sequencing for exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA and immunohistochemistry for ARID1A protein expression, we analyzed the association of these molecular alterations with various clinicopathological parameters in a total of 90 cases of primary ovarian CCA, including 42 previously examined cases. The presence of PIK3CA mutations, identified in 34 (39%) of the 88 informative cases, was significantly associated with a grossly cystic tumor, the presence of adjacent endomet... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450878 Fri, 25 Nov 2011 18:00:01 +0100 5450878 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450879&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8478511j36p662p3%2F Abstract  Morbid anatomy underwent extraordinary development in Paris during the last years of the eighteenth and the first half of the nineteenth century, for both philosophical and political reasons. The protagonists of this progress were primarily clinicians whose purpose was to link symptoms with pathological lesions and to elaborate a pertinent nosology. Pierre-Joseph Desault and Jean-Nicolas Corvisart were the forerunners, along with Xavier Bichat, a genius who died before he was able to realize his full potential. Guillaume Dupuytren, a renowned surgeon, founded an Anatomical Society with enthusiastic students; while Gaspard-Laurent Bayle and René-Theophile Laennec studied tuberculosis and developed the principles of clinicopathological correlations. Laennec’s inv... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450879 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:53 +0100 5450879 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450880&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpm27n9j862723347%2F Abstract  Intra-operative frozen section analysis (FS analysis) of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in patients with breast cancer can prevent a second operation for axillary lymph node dissection. In contrast, loss of tissue during FS analysis may impair the probability to detect lymph node metastases. To determine the effect of tissue loss on the probability of detection of metastases, dimensions and tissue loss resulting from intra-operative frozen section analysis were measured for 21 SLNs. In a mathematical model, the influence of tissue loss on the probability to detect metastases was calculated in relation to SLN size for various pathology protocols: an American, a widely used European, the extensive ‘Milan’ and the Dutch protocol. For median-sized SLN 11 × 8 ×... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450880 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:52 +0100 5450880 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5450881&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7q831g44p1241254%2F In this study, two critical steps of endochondral bone formation, the deposition of collagen X-rich matrix and blood vessel attraction/invasion, were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Fourteen multiple osteochondromas and six secondary peripheral chondrosarcomas occurring in patients with multiple osteochondromas were studied and compared to epiphyseal growth plate samples. Mutation analysis showed all studied patients (expect one) to harbour a germ-line mutations in either EXT1 or EXT2. Here, we described that homozygous mutations in EXT1/EXT2, which are causative for osteochondroma formation, are likely to affect terminal chondrocyte differentiation and vascularisation in the osteocartilaginous interface. Contrastingly, terminal chondrocyte differentiation and vascularisation se... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5450881 Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:50 +0100 5450881 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5443559&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk742q68523402tv4%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1170-2Authors Alfredo E. Romero-Rojas, National Institute of Cancer, Bogota, ColombiaJulio A. Díaz-Pérez, University of Santander, Bucaramanga, ColombiaLina M. Ariza-Serrano, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Science Dr. MC0820, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5443559 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:51:51 +0100 5443559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5443558&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu0m8262661761581%2F Abstract  Raf-1 kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) has emerged as a significant metastatic suppressor in a variety of human malignancies. We have recently demonstrated that reduced expression of RKIP is significantly associated with invasion and metastasis in periampullary carcinomas, including pancreatic carcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. In this study, we evaluated RKIP expression in ampulla of Vater (AoV) carcinoma and investigated its prognostic significance. Immunostaining for RKIP was performed for 80 and 21 cases with primary and nodal metastatic AoV carcinoma, respectively. RKIP expression was reduced in 32.5% (26/80) and 66.7% (14/21) of primary and nodal metastatic AoV carcinoma cases, respectively. This distribution of RKIP expre... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5443558 Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:51:51 +0100 5443558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5433469&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F057746t0l7021243%2F In this study, we examined fatty bone marrow, fat cells without bone marrow structures (extramedullary fat cells), and their necrotic changes in 55 ILBs surgically removed from 42 patients, excluding primary synovial chondromatosis cases. The presence of viable re-vascularized vessels with or without enchondral ossification could discriminate 19 re-attached ILBs from 36 true free ILBs. Fatty bone marrow was found in 25 ILBs, and its necrosis was recognized in 11 (44.0%) of them. Extramedullary fat cells, characterized by single or clustered fat cells focally or multifocally distributed in fibrous or cartilaginous stroma, were identified in seven true free ILBs (7of 55, 12.7%), and all of them were focally necrotic. Unique lipomembranous changes were detected in 7 (12.7%) of 55 ILBs;... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5433469 Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:59:07 +0100 5433469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5424262&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F67r7j1v38p3h4380%2F Abstract  Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, heterogeneous malignancy with a poor prognosis. According to WHO classification 2004, ACC variants include oncocytic ACCs, myxoid ACCs and ACCs with sarcomatous areas. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of these rare subtypes of adrenocortical malignancy and emphasize their clinicopathological features with the aim of elucidating aspects of diagnostic categorization, differential diagnostics and biological behavior. The issue of current terminology, applied to biphasic tumors with pleomorphic, sarcomatous or sarcomatoid elements arising in adrenal cortex, is also discussed. We additionally present emerging evidence concerning the adrenal cortical tumorigenesis and the putative adenoma–carcinoma sequence as well. ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5424262 Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:58:31 +0100 5424262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411544&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F27810846j554q7u6%2F Abstract  Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is upregulated in Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Photodynamic therapy using porfimer sodium can result in ablation of dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma, eradication of Barrett’s esophagus, and restitution of squamous epithelium. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of photodynamic therapy on cyclooxygenase-2 expression in esophageal epithelium. Paired pre- and post-photodynamic therapy biopsy samples from the same anatomical levels of 20 individuals who had undergone photodynamic therapy for Barrett’s esophagus with high-grade dysplasia and/or intramucosal carcinoma were immunostained using a cyclooxygenase-2 monoclonal antibody. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression was graded in squamous epithelium, Bar... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411544 Sat, 12 Nov 2011 06:48:35 +0100 5411544 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411545&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu37m64w416tx5834%2F Abstract  Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) gives frequently rise to nodal metastases via lymphatic vessels while follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) metastasises mainly via blood vessels to lung and bones. The follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) encompasses the infiltrative subtype (I-FVPTC), which shares most of the features of classic PTC (CPTC), and the encapsulated subtype (E-FVPTC), which appears to be related to minimally invasive FTC. In an attempt to contribute to the understanding of the aforementioned differences, we evaluated intratumoural and peritumoural lymph vessels density (LVD), using the immunomarker D2-40 in a series of E-FVPTC, I-FVPTC, and CPTC with known BRAF and RAS status. None of the E-FVPTC cases presented extra-thyroid extension, lymph vessel invasio... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411545 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 12:49:21 +0100 5411545 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411546&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk66167372u148758%2F Abstract  T cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (THRLBCL), originally considered an uncommon variant of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), is recognized by the World Health Organisation as a separate clinicopathological entity since 2008. It predominantly affects middle aged men often presenting with advanced stage disease frequently involving spleen, liver and bone marrow at time of diagnosis. According to the WHO, this lymphoma is morphologically characterized by less than 10% of large neoplastic B cells in a background of abundant T cells and frequently histiocytes. Differentiating THRLBCL from other lymphoproliferative disorders such as Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL) and Lymphocyte-Rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma (LRcHL) is important ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411546 Fri, 11 Nov 2011 12:49:20 +0100 5411546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411547&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fnm18700430266664%2F Abstract  T lymphoma and metastasis gene 1 (Tiam1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GNEF) that regulates the guanosine triphosphatase to facilitate the exchange of guanosine diphosphate for guanosine triphosphate. It specifically activates Rac1, a member of the Rho family of GTPases. Tiam1 is involved in cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cellular adhesion, and transcriptional activation. It has been suggested that alterations in Tiam1 expression might contribute to the progression of various human cancers. The usefulness of Tiam1 expression as a prognostic marker in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of Tiam1 in PTC as well as its association with the clinicopathologic fea... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411547 Thu, 10 Nov 2011 16:51:20 +0100 5411547 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411548&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F70102x1u63h35821%2F Abstract  Pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is a rare entity, similar to synovial sarcoma of soft tissue (STSS). There are 120 published cases of PPSS, but no studies have explored the expression of TLE1. In soft tissues, it has been proven a useful marker, but in tumors of other sites, its expression has not been explored. The main objective was to study the expression and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of TLE1 in a group of PPSS, of which the diagnosis was corroborated by fluorescence in situ hybridization confirming t(X;18) in a tissue microarray. Immunohistochemistry including TLE1, vimentin, CD99, CD56, bcl-2, AE1-AE3, EMA, CD34, CK7, CK19, calponin, and S-100 was performed on all PPSS and on 25 control cases (five carcinomas, ten mesotheliomas, and ten t... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411548 Wed, 09 Nov 2011 17:55:38 +0100 5411548 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5411549&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy58460ll9j516137%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1159-xAuthors Nora I. Schneider, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, AustriaThomas Bauernhofer, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, AustriaHelmut Schöllnast, Department of Radiology, Division of General Radiological Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, AustriaArthur Ott, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, AustriaCord Langner, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5411549 Tue, 08 Nov 2011 19:14:24 +0100 5411549 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5390980&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl373vw362x03g247%2F Abstract  Image-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of renal masses can accurately evaluate malignancy. Adjunct methods are needed for accurate typing of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and benign neoplasms. Cytopathological diagnoses of 79 routine ultrasound-guided FNAB of renal lesions were compared to consequent histological diagnosis and size of tumors. Cytology samples were sufficient for immunocytochemical subtyping in 43 cases (54.4%). The median tumor size was 2.8 cm, with 57 cases (76%) smaller than or equal to 4 cm. When a panel of immunocytochemical stainings (vimentin, CK7, CD117, P504S) was applied, accurate diagnoses were obtained in 11/12 (91.7%) of clear cell RCC (CRCC), 14/17 (82.3%) of papillary RCC (PRCC) and 5/7 (71.4%) of chromophobe RCC (... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5390980 Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:55:38 +0100 5390980 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5366924&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu747g84210052818%2F This study reports the frequency of the several common, objective and predefined histological abnormalities of the placenta as identified by pathologists blinded to all clinical information. A total 1,153 women were recruited from an unselected population delivering at 34–43 weeks. Histological findings in common obstetric outcome groups were compared to those of the unselected population, and odds ratios and predictive values were calculated. Normal histological findings were present in 72.1% of pregnancies with normal outcomes and in 79.1%, 66.6%, 80%, and 74.8% of pregnancies affected by pre-eclampsia (PET), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes (GDM), and small for gestational age (SGA), respectively. Chronic placental underperfusion was seen more freq... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5366924 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:17:38 +0100 5366924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5366925&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb811r51157222388%2F Abstract  Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder has not been considered to have malignant potential, but gross features of adenomyomatosis are sometimes encountered in gallbladders resected under a diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinicopathologic features and survival rates in cases of gallbladder cancer with gross features of adenomyomatosis. The study subjects were 97 surgically treated gallbladder carcinoma patients. Only gallbladder showing typical gross features of adenomyomatosis was judged as adenomyomatosis-positive gallbladder cancer. In terms of gross findings, 25 cases (25.8%) were classified as adenomyomatosis-positive. The status of adenomyomatosis was significantly associated with the T stage (P = 0.0004), ly... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5366925 Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:17:37 +0100 5366925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5350368&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd52005jvu53j6871%2F Abstract  KRAS mutation status has a significant role determining anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) treatment response in colon carcinoma patients. Malignant transformation is a dynamic process and therefore, it is conceivable that, at a certain point, the tumor cells’ mass might be heterogeneous for particular mutations. Therefore, the fraction of tumor cells carrying a particular mutation may be more relevant for treatment than the simple determination of presence or absence of mutation. The purpose of this study is to assess whether or not KRAS mutation status is heterogeneous and, if so, to what extent in colon carcinoma samples. Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of colon carcinoma and analyzed for the pr... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5350368 Thu, 20 Oct 2011 15:52:52 +0100 5350368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5338847&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu7928j0069605165%2F Abstract  The JAK2-V617F mutation is prevalent in almost all patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and about half of the cases of essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). A different allele burden in these entities has long been noticed, but little is known about its distribution among the neoplastic hematopoietic cell lineages within the bone marrow. We conducted a microdissection study of JAK2-V617F-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN); 10 cases each of ET, PV, and PMF, with separate analysis of the JAK2 mutation status in three hematopoietic cell lines (i.e., megakaryo-, granulo-, and erythropoiesis). Different numbers of cell lineages harboring the JAK2-V617F mutation were found, being the lowest in ET (17/30), higher in PV (24/30) and in PM... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5338847 Mon, 17 Oct 2011 16:00:45 +0100 5338847 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325883&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F56136745h3645870%2F In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that the loss of SMAD4, occurring in 12% of colorectal adenocarcinomas, correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases and absence of p27 expression but not with high cellular proliferation. However, high proliferation correlated with SKP2 and aberrant MMR protein expression. Although the advantage of immunohistochemistry is high throughput, our results allow only an initial evaluation, and subsequent studies, including genetic analyses, are required. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1152-4Authors Adriana Handra-Luca, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique, APHP Avicenne Université Paris 13/Nord Medecine, EA3406, 125 rue de Stalingrad, 93000 Bobigny, FranceSylviane Olschwang, C... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325883 Sat, 15 Oct 2011 15:47:32 +0100 5325883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325884&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd237344537107124%2F Abstract  Aggressive B cell lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract include Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL. To investigate the clinical characters of DLBCL/BL of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, 101 cases of aggressive B cell lymphoma of the GI tract were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using break apart probe for c-MYC gene. For cases with c-MYC rearrangement, additional FISH studies with MYC/IgH fusion probe, BCL2 break apart probe, and BCL6 break apart probe were performed. MYC rearrangement was detected in 23 of 101 cases of aggressive B cell lymphomas (22.5%). The cases with MYC rearrangement were divided into 14 BL,... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325884 Fri, 14 Oct 2011 15:45:12 +0100 5325884 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5325885&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8352156m6676ukx2%2F Abstract  Periostin, also called osteoblast-specific factor 2, is a secreted cell adhesion protein, which shares a homology with the insect cell adhesion molecule fasciclin I. It has been shown to be an important regulator of bone and tooth formation and maintenance, and of cardiac development and healing. Recent studies revealed that periostin plays an important role in tumor development and is upregulated in a wide variety of cancers such as colon, pancreatic, ovarian, breast, head and neck, thyroid, and gastric cancer as well as in neuroblastoma. Periostin binding to the integrins activates the Akt/PKB- and FAK-mediated signaling pathways which lead to increased cell survival, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and importantly, epithelial-mesenchymal transition of carci... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5325885 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 15:50:50 +0100 5325885 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5276566&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8711637244214075%2F In this study, we evaluated the expression of these proteins and investigated their clinical and prognostic significance in gastric carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis by using the tissue array method was performed for XIAP, survivin, Bcl-2, XAF1, Smac/DIABLO, and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in 1,162 surgically resected gastric carcinoma cases. XIAP expression was related to the advanced stage. The expression of XIAP showed negative relationship with XAF1 and Smac/DIABLO expressions. In addition, XIAP expression was associated with a poor prognosis and was also proved to be an independent prognostic factor. Cleaved caspase-3 expression was related to the early stage. In addition, cleaved caspase-3 expression was associated with a favorable prognosis and was also proved to be an ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5276566 Tue, 27 Sep 2011 05:46:24 +0100 5276566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5252461&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff53q3u342718n50x%2F Abstract  Wilms’ tumor (WT), the most common kidney tumor among children, is characterized by a triphasic morphology consisting of blastemal, epithelial, and stromal components. Adult WT is a rare malignancy displaying similar histological features. We here present the first published high-resolution genomic analysis of a mixed-type adult WT. This revealed a more pronounced genetic complexity than usually observed in children with mixed-type WT. The majority of chromosomes displayed uniparental disomies, and microdeletions were present in genes with known importance for tumor formation (LRP1B, FHIT, and WWOX) or organogenesis (NEGR1 and ZFPM2), abnormalities not previously reported for pediatric WT. Our results indicate that adult WT is a biological entity distinct from th... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5252461 Fri, 23 Sep 2011 05:54:08 +0100 5252461 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5240978&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd1177674w8r1gq51%2F Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1146-2Authors João Paulo Oliveira, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, PortugalCarmen Valbuena, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Hospital São João, Porto, PortugalAntónio Baldaia Moreira, Department of Nephrology, Hospital São João, Porto, PortugalElsa Fonseca, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Hospital São João, Porto, PortugalCarlos Soares, Department of Nephrology, Hospital São João, Porto, PortugalElisa Leão Teles, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital São João, Porto, PortugalStephen Waldek, Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5240978 Sat, 17 Sep 2011 17:06:37 +0100 5240978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228660&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F6u887t9892k47607%2F Abstract  Cutaneous mixed tumors, also known as chondroid syringomas, are benign cutaneous adnexal tumors that exhibit remarkable histopathological similarities to pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. Thus far, there is little information on the genetic profiles of cutaneous mixed tumors, although specific genetic aberrations including fusion genes involving PLAG1 and HMGA2 have been demonstrated in pleomorphic adenomas. In the present study, we conducted an immunohistochemical evaluation of PLAG1 and a reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) assay to detect fusion gene transcripts associated with pleomorphic adenoma, including the CTNNB1-PLAG1, LIFR-PLAG1, CHCHD7-PLAG1, TCEA1-PLAG1, HMGA2-FHIT, HMGA2-NFIB, and HMGA2-WIF1 fusion transcripts; this w... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228660 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 16:43:37 +0100 5228660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5228661&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq853q6106544g607%2F Abstract  Inverted papillomas (IPs) are the most frequent type of sinonasal papillomas. These benign but destructive lesions are known for their high recurrence rate, probably due to incomplete excision. Our aim was to investigate the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in patients with IPs and in IPs associated with squamous cell carcinoma (IPsSCC) and to compare it with the frequency of HPV infections in the control group. The influence of HPV infection on the malignant alteration and recurrence rate of IPs was also evaluated. Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 68 patients with sinonasal IPs and 5 patients with IPsSCC were analyzed in this retrospective study. The control group consisted of 47 patients who had undergone septoplasty or mucotomy of the infe... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5228661 Mon, 12 Sep 2011 15:50:09 +0100 5228661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5212519&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj767nw30427v4v55%2F In conclusion, all methods were appropriate and reproducible. In P-C and H-E, there is a slight overestimation of steatosis in the HF animals in comparison to frozen sections and ORO; in frozen sections, differences between P-C and I-A are insignificant. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1147-1Authors Mariana Catta-Preta, Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro 87 fds, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilLeonardo Souza Mendonca, Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro 87 fds, 20551-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilJulio Fraulob-Aquino, L... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5212519 Thu, 08 Sep 2011 05:55:01 +0100 5212519 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5212521&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk613587732131963%2F In conclusion, our study suggests that sentinel lymph nodes with metastasis have arrest of maturation of dendritic cells, fewer mature dendritic cell interactions with cytotoxic T cells, and more regulatory T cells than sentinel lymph nodes without metastasis in patients with breast cancer. These findings extend our understanding of regional immunosuppression and suggest that most regional immunosuppressive changes are associated with nodal metastasis in breast cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1145-3Authors Aaron Scott Mansfield, Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandPaivi Heikkila, Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandKarl von Smitten, Brea... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5212521 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 05:47:18 +0100 5212521 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5212520&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc5139xqn1q628m16%2F Abstract  Promoter hypermethylation has been shown to be a common mechanism for inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Slit2 promoter hypermethylation in both the tumor and serum samples of breast cancer patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast carcinoma (IBC). The methylation status of Slit2 was investigated in 210 tissue samples (15 breast with no pathological findings, 26 DCIS, and 169 IBC samples) and 123 corresponding serum samples (15 breast with no pathological findings, 26 DCIS, and 82 IBC samples) using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining for Slit2 was also performed using tissue microarray blocks to determine whether Slit2 p... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5212520 Tue, 06 Sep 2011 05:47:18 +0100 5212520 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198455&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fyv55vl8132870h07%2F Abstract  We compared microvascular density (MVD), lymph vessel density (LVD), and the expression of hypoxia pathway-associated proteins between primary triple-negative adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (TN-ACC) and grade-matched triple-negative breast carcinomas of no special type (TNBC). Twelve TN-ACC and 15 TNBC were investigated immunohistochemically for CD31, podoplanin (D2-40), von Hippel–Lindau protein (pVHL), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) protein. All cases were lymph node negative (pN0). The study revealed a median MVD (CD31) of 34 vessels/mm2 (mean ± SD, 41.33 ± 6.5/mm2) in the TN-ACC subgroup and a median of 55 microvessels (mean ± SD, 54.9 ± 6.3/mm2) in the TNBC subgroup. The median LVD (D2-40) was 10.5/mm2 (mean ± SD, 11.9 ±... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198455 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 10:45:45 +0100 5198455 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198454&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F8pn1266tk2056h58%2F In this study, we investigated MTA1 expression and analyzed its association with cigarette smoke in NSCLC by immunohistochemistry. To gain a deeper insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the relation between MTA1 and cigarette smoke, we treated the NSCLC cell lines with cigarette smoke extract (CSE). MTA1 mRNA levels and proteins were detected in NSCLC cell lines via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Matrigel invasion assay was performed to evaluate cell invasive ability with the treatment of CSE. Immunohistochemical analysis showed MTA1 expression in NSCLC (61/96, 63.5%) was higher than that in adjacent normal lung tissues (15/96, 15.6%; p < 0.05). Moreover, it was significantly associated with smoking history (p &l... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198454 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 10:45:45 +0100 5198454 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198456&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp0jx4rvxt581k62w%2F In this study, the expression of MUC1 was correlated with the hypoxia-associated markers HIF-1α and CAIX, as well as several immunohistochemical markers and clinicopathologic features of prognostic significance in 243 invasive ductal carcinomas. MUC1 was overexpressed in 37.0% of patients and correlated with the expression of estrogen receptor (p = 0.0001), progesterone receptor (p = 0.0001), HIF-1α (p = 0.006), VEGF (p = 0.024), and p53 (p = 0.025). In breast cancer, MUC1 expression has been associated with increased degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα), driving NF-κB to the nucleus and blocking apoptosis and promoting cell survival. We analyzed NF-κB expression in MUC1+ breast carcinoma and found a very significant relationship between these proteins (... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198456 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 10:45:44 +0100 5198456 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5193047&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F83t4817g1010x845%2F Abstract  Epithelial marker expression has been reported in Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). However, cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) prevalence has not been assessed thoroughly in a large series of genetically confirmed ESFT. The aim of the present study is to confirm the presence of epithelial markers in a large group of ESFT tested genetically for any of their specific gene fusions and the differential diagnosis with other small round cell tumors. To establish the prevalence of epithelial markers, we then performed immunohistochemical studies with antibodies CK (AE1/AE3), CK8/18, CK34β12, EMA, E-cadherin, and CEA on 415 genetically confirmed ESFT. Immunoreactivity to cytokeratin, EMA, and CEA was present... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5193047 Fri, 02 Sep 2011 05:51:34 +0100 5193047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5171643&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff226301726466536%2F Abstract  To evaluate roles of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) for prognosis of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). Expression of markers for TAMs, CD68, HLA-DR, CD163, HLA-DR/CD68 (M1), and CD163/CD68 (M2) was immunohistochemically examined in 82 cases with CHL. Positively stained cells were counted and correlation of number of TAMs and patients’ survival time was analyzed. Number of CD163+ cells and M2 cells was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (P < 0.05), while it was marginally significant for CD68+ cells (P = 0.0827). HLA-DR + cells and M1 cells showed no significant correlation with overall survival. When confined to mixed cellularity subtype, number of M1 cells was correlated with favorable prognosis (P < 0.05), while M2 ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5171643 Sat, 27 Aug 2011 15:47:23 +0100 5171643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5127740&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F25343p5w3254666h%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1136-4Authors Caroline Hughes, Department of Cellular Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 1, Academic Centre, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU UKGodman Greywoode, Department of Cellular Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 1, Academic Centre, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU UKRunjan Chetty, Department of Cellular Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Level 1, Academic Centre, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5127740 Fri, 12 Aug 2011 06:18:20 +0100 5127740 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5112288&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1366n800ww384113%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1137-3Authors Alexander Wolfe, Department of Pathology, Scott and White Healthcare/The Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508, USASheila M. Dobin, Department of Pathology, Scott and White Healthcare/The Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508, USAPetr Grossmann, Sikl’s Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech RepublicMichal Michal, Sikl’s Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech RepublicLudvik R. Donner, Department of Pathology, Scott and White Healthcare/The Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5112288 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 05:51:27 +0100 5112288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5104262&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb8r258577703n148%2F Abstract  Frat1 has been reported to be overexpressed in several human malignant tumors, including esophageal squamous, cervical, breast, and ovarian carcinoma, but the role of Frat1 in lung cancer is unknown. Our purpose is to investigate the expression of Frat1 and its correlation with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in lung cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 137 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including 78 cases with clinical follow-up, and Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were performed to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels in 30 NSCLC and autologous matched normal tissues. In addition, lung cancer cell line A549 was transfected with Frat1-siRNA plasmids and Matrigel inv... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5104262 Fri, 05 Aug 2011 05:59:52 +0100 5104262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5104263&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ft1638106k372264n%2F Abstract  JL1 is a novel molecule expressed in the surface of hematopoietic precursor cells, but not on any other mature human tissue. Accordingly, JL1 is expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and can be used both for specific diagnosis and as a target for treatment. However, expression of JL1 by lymphomas has not been thoroughly assessed. Burkitt lymphoma is a potentially curable aggressive lymphoma, but prognostic markers that stratify risk have not been established. We therefore assayed JL1 expression in Burkitt lymphoma patients to assess its value as a prognostic marker for this disease. Tissue microarray blocks of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with Burkitt lymphoma and other B-cell lymphomas, at the Asan Medical Center a... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5104263 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 15:31:48 +0100 5104263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5099430&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F03x37612k0j32q6g%2F Abstract  Interlaboratory variation in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing provides a challenge for targeted therapy in breast and gastric cancer. Assessment of positivity rates among laboratories could help monitor their performance and define reference values for positivity rates to be expected in a geographic region. Pathologists regularly determined the number of HER2-positive cases (HER2 3+, HER2 2+/amplified or amplified) in their laboratory, and figures were continuously entered into a central website. The overall positivity rate of each participant was calculated and compared with the average rates of all other institutes (n = 42). A total of 18,081 test results on breast cancer and 982 on gastric cancer were entered into the system. Positivit... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5099430 Tue, 02 Aug 2011 05:53:33 +0100 5099430 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5081961&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2v69j11l27853vl7%2F Abstract  Prognostic factors indicative of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) aggressive behaviour remain incompletely established partially due to the different composition of the series on record regarding the relative proportion of classic PTC (CPTC) and follicular variant PTC (FVPTC) subtypes. Several clinico-morphological features of PTC, together with the occurrence of BRAF mutations, are still not fully accepted as markers of aggressiveness. In the present clinico-pathological study of a series of 75 CPTC and FVPTC cases, we evaluated the relative contribution of the morphological features of the tumours and their BRAF and N-RAS status for the occurrence of nodal metastases. The morphological features most closely related to the occurrence of nodal metastases were extr... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5081961 Wed, 27 Jul 2011 18:47:59 +0100 5081961 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5081962&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn8ku072pk44021r6%2F Abstract  Ependymomas are rare brain tumors representing about 3% of all intra-cerebral and spinal neoplasms. The WHO classification recognizes various rare histological ependymoma variants (i.e., lipidized ependymoma, giant cell ependymoma, etc.). However, a detailed analysis of a larger series of such cases is still lacking. We analyzed 13 case of ependymoma presenting unusual histological features. The data analysis of our series and its comparison to the cases published in literature did not reveal any close association between these features and the clinical parameters (such as age or localization). Moreover, some of these features can be found combined in individual tumors, suggesting that these variants may represent a spectrum of differentiation rather than true spe... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5081962 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 15:58:16 +0100 5081962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5065410&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe5313v83g255kul1%2F In conclusion, the data demonstrate that the incidence of LTI and HT has increased substantially over the last 31 years. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1130-xAuthors Johannes Ott, Department of Surgery, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Huglgasse 1-3, 1150 Vienna, AustriaMoritz Meusel, Department of Surgery, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Huglgasse 1-3, 1150 Vienna, AustriaAndrea Schultheis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Huglgasse 1-3, 1150 Vienna, AustriaRegina Promberger, Department of Surgery, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Huglgasse 1-3, 1150 Vienna, AustriaShannon Joan Pallikunnel, Department of Surgery, Kaiserin Elisabeth Spital, Huglgasse 1-3, 1150 Vienna, AustriaNikolaus Neuhold, Department of Pathology and Microbiol... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5065410 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 15:47:22 +0100 5065410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5065411&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq7m5422754g04614%2F Abstract  We determined whether ubiquitylation and sumoylation processes are involved in conventional renal cell carcinogenesis associated with chronic, long-term, persistent low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) in patients living for more than 20 years in cesium-137 (137Cs)-contaminated areas after the Chernobyl accident in Ukraine. To this end, we assessed the immunohistochemical expression of ubiquitin (Ub), SUMO1, SUMO E2 conjugating enzyme Ubc9, and the cell cycle regulators p53, mdm2, and p14ARF in 38 conventional renal cell carcinomas from Ukrainian patients with different degrees of radiation exposure after the Chernobyl accident. As control cases, 18 conventional renal carcinoma (cRCC) tissues from a Spanish cohort were analyzed. No significant differences betw... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5065411 Sat, 23 Jul 2011 05:55:03 +0100 5065411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058638&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F364167458p14t476%2F In conclusion, expression of ZO-1 and N-cadherin may reflect the mechanisms leading to rosette formation in neuroendocrine tumors, which possibly recapitulate neural tube formation in embryogenesis and could represent a specific immunohistochemical marker for neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1120-zAuthors Kaishi Satomi, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanYukio Morishita, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanShingo Sakashita, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate Scho... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058638 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 16:57:05 +0100 5058638 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058639&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa56631311284g2gt%2F Abstract  Dedifferentiation (DD) is often encountered in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and poor prognosis with budding (BD) has been reported for other malignancies. However, the features of DD and BD in GBC remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the features and prognostic potential of DD and BD in GBC. A total of 80 patients with GBC (excluding intramucosal cancer) were enrolled. DD was histopathologically evaluated as tumors in which the grade of the invasive front is higher than the grade at the surface. BD was defined as an isolated single cancer cell or a cluster of fewer than five cancer cells at the invasive front. Of the 80 patients, 47 (58.8%) were positive for BD and 33 (41.2%) were positive for DD. Both BD and DD correlated significantly with dis... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058639 Fri, 22 Jul 2011 16:57:03 +0100 5058639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058640&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F094202883l521660%2F Abstract  Human skeletal paleopathology provides important insight regarding the antiquity of some diseases and their distribution in past human groups. The history of human skeletal paleopathology extends back more than 150 years. Rudolf Virchow published reports on the subject, and research on paleopathology has provided critical data on important topics such as the origin of syphilis. With the development of powerful new research tools, human paleopathology will continue to be a source of data on the development of disease and its effect on human biological and cultural development. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1122-xAuthors Donald J. Ortner, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058640 Thu, 21 Jul 2011 18:06:40 +0100 5058640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058641&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff72t6t3327x61029%2F Abstract  Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare subtype of RCC predominantly reported in young patients. It results from gene fusions between the transcription factor E3 (TFE3) gene, which is located on chromosome Xp11.2, and various fusion partners. Recently, a dual color, break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to detect Xp11.2 translocation was reported. We performed this study to evaluate the usefulness of the FISH assay in the diagnosis of Xp11.2 translocation RCC using a commercially available TFE3 break-apart probe. We immunohistochemically analyzed TFE3 nuclear expression in 809 cases of RCCs using 14 tissue microarray blocks and selected nine cases those showed moderate to strong positive nuclear immunoreactivity for TFE3. Th... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058641 Wed, 20 Jul 2011 12:45:05 +0100 5058641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058642&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn110318563603668%2F In conclusion, ERG detection by immunohistochemistry in prostate cancer was highly predictive of ERG rearrangement as assessed by FISH in a large cohort of prostatectomy patients. Given the high yield and the easier task of performing immunohistochemistry vs. FISH, ERG assessment by immunohistochemistry may be useful for characterizing ERG status in prostate cancer. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1128-4Authors Sara Moscovita Falzarano, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USAMing Zhou, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USAPaula Carver, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USAToyonori Tsuzuki, Department of Pathology, Nagoya Dain... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058642 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:40:16 +0100 5058642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058643&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F61m2120hl1388222%2F Abstract  The purpose of the present study was to examine the pathobiological properties of a matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-11 (also known as stromelysin-3), in the carcinogenesis of lobular carcinoma of the breast. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated immunoreactivity with specific antibody to MMP-11 in 16 of 30 lobular carcinoma cells, but not in the non-cancerous terminal duct lobular unit. In positive cases, both noninvasive and invasive cancer cells exhibited immunoreactivity with anti-MMP-11 antibody; however, the staining patterns in noninvasive and invasive foci were distinct. In the noninvasive foci, immunoreactivity was observed in the cytoplasm beneath the plasma membrane, whereas immunoreactivity was found in all of the cytoplasm of infiltrating lobular car... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058643 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:40:14 +0100 5058643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058645&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc6335580t4579314%2F Abstract  Lysozyme is as an innate enzyme with potent antibacterial properties found in Paneth cells in normal duodenal crypts. Since celiac disease concurs with an abnormal duodenal microbiota we explored the expression of lysozyme in this disease. Fifty-three duodenal biopsies were stained with anti-lysozyme: 15 had normal duodenal mucosa (NDM), 7 chronic active duodenitis (CAD), 3 borderline (BL), 17 subtotal villous atrophy (SVA) and 11 total villous atrophy (TVA). NDM showed lysozyme-positive Paneth cells arranged in “Indian file” in 93.3%. In contrast, lysozyme-positive mucus metaplasia in crypts (LPMMC) replacing Paneth cells was found in 71.5% in CAD, in 96.4% in SVA/TVA, and in 2 cases with B. In 19.3% cases with BL/SVA/TVA, LPMMC replaced all Paneth cells in a... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058645 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 06:40:03 +0100 5058645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5058644&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvl655271p348886n%2F Abstract  The pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a complex process that involves the recruitment of both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Recent studies underline the cardinal role of small, noncoding RNA molecules, called microRNAs (miRs), in the pathobiology of numerous physiological and pathological processes, including oncogenesis. MiR biogenesis and maturation is mainly regulated by the nuclear ribonuclease Drosha and the cytoplasmic ribonucleases Dicer and Ago2. In the present study, we investigated the expression and distribution of these molecules in three colon cancer cell lines and in human CRC samples. Drosha, Dicer, and Ago2 mRNA and protein expression was assessed with real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Our experiments showed ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5058644 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 06:40:03 +0100 5058644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012678&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F52t107t3562m44g1%2F Abstract  There is paucity of literature on liver histological spectrum of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). The aims of this study are to (a) to characterize the liver histological features in ACLF, (b) to correlate histological parameters with prognosis, and (c) to investigate whether etiology influences prognosis. We retrospectively studied liver biopsies of patients with ACLF. The histological findings were correlated with the clinical outcome. Fifty cases (median age, 39 years [10–69 years]; M/F, 3:1) were included. Etiology of acute insult was viral or alcohol in majority of the cases. Twenty-five patients survived (good outcome, 50%) and 25 died (poor outcome, 50%). On a univariate analysis, the outcome correlated with fibrosis, ballooning, eosinophi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012678 Sat, 09 Jul 2011 06:21:34 +0100 5012678 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012679&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F24u242uqh834hj8n%2F Abstract  We recently identified the transcription factor (TF) islet 1 gene product (ISL1) as a marker for well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (P-NETs). In order to better understand the expression of the four TFs, ISL1, pancreatico-duodenal homeobox 1 gene product (PDX1), neurogenin 3 gene product (NGN3), and CDX-2 homeobox gene product (CDX2), that mainly govern the development and differentiation of the pancreas and duodenum, we studied their expression in hormonally defined P-NETs and duodenal (D-) NETs. Thirty-six P-NETs and 14 D-NETs were immunostained with antibodies against the four pancreatic hormones, gastrin, serotonin, calcitonin, ISL1, PDX1, NGN3, and CDX2. The TF expression pattern of each case was correlated with the tumor’s hormonal profile... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012679 Fri, 08 Jul 2011 06:32:47 +0100 5012679 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012680&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5713347571826h73%2F Abstract  Carcinoma showing thymus-like elements (CASTLE) is a rare neoplasm of the thyroid gland resembling lymphoepithelioma-like and squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus and is thought to arise from ectopic thymic tissue within the thyroid gland or rudimentary branchial pouches along the thymic line. Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), chromosomal imbalances have been detected in several types of thymomas and thymic carcinomas. To evaluate whether there are hints of an underlying sequence in the pathogenesis of CASTLE analogue to those found in thymomas and thymic carcinomas, we evaluated four of these rare neoplasms for chromosomal imbalances using CGH. The most frequent gains were seen on chromosomal arm 1q (3/4), and losses were most frequently detected on... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012680 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 05:48:08 +0100 5012680 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012681&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv5r856m611164681%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1109-7Authors Emanuela Pilozzi, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, ItalyClaudio Cacchi, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, ItalyArianna Di Napoli, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, ItalyBenedetto Pini, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, ItalyEnrico Duranti, Departmen... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012681 Thu, 07 Jul 2011 05:48:07 +0100 5012681 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012682&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F54050655l5vuu45v%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1112-zAuthors Gil Patrus Pena, Servico de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Felicio Rocho, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilJosé de Souza Andrade-Filho, Servico de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Felicio Rocho, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012682 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:56:16 +0100 5012682 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012683&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc8751p24851pn85r%2F The objective of the present study was to describe intrapulmonary patterns of growth for sarcoma metastases as a basis for planning resections. From January 2006 to January 2009, we retrospectively analysed 261 resected pulmonary sarcoma metastases from 52 patients. All metastases were reviewed for histological characteristics and resection margins. Metastases characterised by a solid, well-defined tumour mass were found in 127 of 261 metastases (48.7%). Interstitial spread (39.8%), vascular infiltration (20.7%), satellite nodules (16.1%) and lymphangitic spread (10.7%) were identified as aggressive histological growth characteristics. Forty-five of 52 patients (86.5%) had metastases with a mitotic index of 10 or more per 10 HPF, underlining their high-grade malignant potential. The ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012683 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:56:15 +0100 5012683 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5012684&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F426071vh07012727%2F In this study, KLF5 expression was measured by an immunohistochemical microarray assay of tissue taken from 76 surgical specimens. Higher KLF5 expression was significantly associated with lower tumor grade (P < 0.001). Nuclear staining of the KLF5 expression was significantly associated with a higher tumor grade (P = 0.000), higher clinical stage (P = 0.019), lymph node status (P = 0.016), and 2-year survival (P = 0.017). Patients with nuclear staining of KLF5 had a significantly lower disease-free survival rate compared to patients with negative nuclear staining, as defined by a log-rank test (P = 0.041). Our results revealed that KLF5 may play an oncogenetic role in gastric carcinogenesis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1111... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5012684 Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:56:14 +0100 5012684 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4994935&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp5120553356vq340%2F In conclusion, grade 2 thickening can be regarded as the histopathological lesion of chronic ABMR; however, electron microscopy remains the gold standard in the assessment of PTCBM changes. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1114-xAuthors Bela Ivanyi, Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Allomas u. 2, 6720 Szeged, HungaryEva Kemeny, Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Allomas u. 2, 6720 Szeged, HungaryPeter Rago, Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Allomas u. 2, 6720 Szeged, HungaryNorbert Lazar, Transplantation and Surgical Clinic, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryKrisztina Boda, Department of Medical Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, HungaryZita Morvay, Department of Radiology, University of Szeged, Szeged... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4994935 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 17:48:33 +0100 4994935 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988046&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F271323745v71535u%2F In conclusion, the density of CD3+ and CD8+ T-cells in tumor stroma proved to be a significant predictor for response to platinum-based therapy, whereas examination of ERCC1 failed to identify therapy-responsive patients. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1110-1Authors Hans Bösmüller, Department of Pathology, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern Linz, Seilerstätte 4, 4020 Linz, AustriaSophie Haitchi-Petnehazy, Department of Pathology, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern Linz, Seilerstätte 4, 4020 Linz, AustriaGerald Webersinke, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern Linz, Linz, AustriaRenate Marschon, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern Linz, Linz, AustriaFranz Roithmeier, Department of Gynecolo... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988046 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 15:47:57 +0100 4988046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988045&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fa73n8x31844574v8%2F This study investigates HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 7 expressions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their correlation with clinical data and patient survival. Tissue microarrays of 170 surgically resected primary HCCs and adjacent uninvolved tissue were evaluated immunohistochemically for the expression of HDACs 1, 2, 3, 7, and Ki-67 and were analyzed with respect to clinicopathological data and patient survival. HDACs 1, 2, 3, and Ki-67 were expressed significantly higher in cancer cells compared to normal tissue (HDAC1: p = 0.034, HDACs 2 and 3 and Ki-67: p < 0.001), while HDAC7 expression did not differ between HCC and non-cancerous liver tissue. In tumor tissue HDACs 1–3 expression levels showed high concordance with each other, Ki-67 and tumor grade (p < 0.001). Hi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988045 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 15:47:57 +0100 4988045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988047&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F951577u1x147158n%2F In conclusion, OMM presents a morphological and genetic profile similar to DMM; and SCCM, however, displays some differences from CMM. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1107-9Authors Chiara Baldovini, Department of hematology and Oncology “L. and A. Seragnoli”, Secyion of Anatomic Pathology at Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyAnna L. Tosi, Department of hematology and Oncology “L. and A. Seragnoli”, Secyion of Anatomic Pathology at Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyEnrico Di Oto, Department of hematology and Oncology “L. and A. Seragnoli”, Secyion of Anatomic Pathology at Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyCamilla Reggiani, Operative Unit of Dermatology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologn... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988047 Tue, 28 Jun 2011 15:47:56 +0100 4988047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4979018&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy572523j35264500%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1108-8Authors Shaomin Yang, Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 ChinaChuan Zhao, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, ChinaYan Zhang, Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 ChinaSonglin Liao, Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 China Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4979018 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 18:11:28 +0100 4979018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4972025&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F07134u2436r81015%2F This study illustrated that of 13 experienced laboratories that perform KRAS testing only ten correctly identified the KRAS in all 14 cases that were circulated. There was no harmonization in DNA isolation and KRAS mutation detection method between the laboratories. These results indicate that future standardization is needed in KRAS mutation detection methodology. An expansion of the European Society of Pathology KRAS program could identify areas of difficulty in KRAS testing and provide the basis for harmonization. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1094-xAuthors Elisabeth Dequeker, Centre for Human Genetics, Biomedical Quality Assurance Research Unit, University Hospitals KULeuven, KULeuven, Herestraat 49, box 602, 3000 Leuven, BelgiumMarjolijn J. L. Ligt... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4972025 Thu, 23 Jun 2011 16:33:44 +0100 4972025 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4963468&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fq670251040360041%2F Abstract  Our aims were to analyze reporting of Gleason pattern (GP) 3 and 4 prostate cancer with the ISUP 2005 Gleason grading and to collect consensus cases for standardization. We scanned 25 prostate biopsy cores diagnosed as Gleason score (GS) 6–7. Fifteen genitourinary pathologists graded the digital slides and circled GP 4 and 5 in a slide viewer. Grading difficulty was scored as 1–3. GP 4 components were classified as type 1 (cribriform), 2 (fused), or 3 (poorly formed glands). A GS of 5–6, 7 (3 + 4), 7 (4 + 3), and 8–9 was given in 29%, 41%, 19%, and 10% (mean GS 6.84, range 6.44–7.36). In 15 cases, at least 67% of observers agreed on GS groups (consensus cases). Mean interobserver weighted kappa for GS groups was 0.43. Mean difficulty scores in co... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4963468 Wed, 22 Jun 2011 15:59:05 +0100 4963468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4963469&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw85q2084106667r4%2F In conclusion, CAIX is overexpressed in a substantial proportion of mucinous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas and connected to poor patient outcome. Our data support the potential therapeutic benefit of newly developed targeting antibodies in advanced ovarian cancer. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1105-yAuthors Matthias Choschzick, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, GermanyEgbert Oosterwijk, Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the NetherlandsVolkmar Müller, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyLinn Woelber, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyRo... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4963469 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:33:47 +0100 4963469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4963470&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm7hx44l741508447%2F In conclusion, HCCs show a progressive loss in OATP immunoreactivity that correlates with the gain of a biliary phenotype. Although further studies are required to define these findings better, our results support the idea that OATP could be used together with K7/19 to identify a phenotypical “spectrum” in HCC progression. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1099-5Authors Francesco Vasuri, Pathology Unit, “F. Addarii” Institute of Oncology and Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Viale Ercolani 4/2, 40138 Bologna, ItalyRita Golfieri, Radiology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, Bologna, ItalyMichelangelo Fiorentino, Pathology Unit, “F. Addarii” Institute of Oncology and Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Viale Ercolan... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4963470 Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:33:46 +0100 4963470 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947995&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1j38j5l0vhu8t47%2F Abstract  Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a neoplasm derived from Schwann cell or (in cases arising in the neurohypophysis) pituicyte and is characterized by abundant cytoplasm filled with numerous eosinophilic granules, which have been considered autophagolysosomes on the basis of their ultrastructure. To confirm that the formation of these granules is related to an autophagy phenomenon, 12 cases of GCT (including two cases of GCT of the neurohypophysis) were studied immunohistochemically using an antibody against LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, a specific marker of autophagy). All cases of GCT showed granular immunoreactivity for LC3 in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, indicating that the formation of intracytoplasmic granules in GCT is closely related to a... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947995 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 06:19:00 +0100 4947995 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4947994&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F681602w19n537425%2F Abstract  Adamantinoma is a rare primary bone neoplasm with epithelial differentiation that is frequently associated with a concomitant fibrous component. Clinical, cytogenetic and histomorphologic overlap has previously been described with osteofibrous dysplasia, thereby suggesting a relationship between these two lesions. We performed a retrospective review of our archives to characterize the clinical and pathologic aspects of adamantinoma and osteofibrous dysplasia diagnosed at our institution, and to compare the expression patterns of p63 and keratin. Nine cases of adamantinoma (six classical, three osteofibrous dysplasia-like) and 11 cases of osteofibrous dysplasia were identified. The epithelial component in adamantinoma was found to stain for p63. Rare cells expressi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4947994 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 06:19:00 +0100 4947994 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940427&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fj365h7g337r43xj5%2F Abstract  Epithelial barrier function is contingent on appropriate polarization of key protein components. Work in intestinal epithelial cell cultures and animal models of bowel inflammation suggested that atypical PKC (aPKC), the kinase component of the Par3–Par6 polarity complex, is downregulated by pro-inflammatory signaling. Data from other laboratories showed the participation of myosin light chain kinase in intestinal inflammation, but there is paucity of evidence for assembly of its major target, non-muscle myosin II, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, we showed before that non-muscle myosin IIA (nmMyoIIA) is upregulated in intestinal inflammation in mice and TNFα-treated Caco-2 cells. Thus far, it is unknown if a similar phenomena occur in patients... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940427 Sun, 12 Jun 2011 06:04:13 +0100 4940427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4940428&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc20533168208r866%2F Abstract  In chronic renal disease, the temporal and spatial relationship between vascular, glomerular and tubular changes is still unclear. Hypertension, an important cause of chronic renal failure, leads to afferent arteriolopathy, segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy in the juxtamedullary cortex. We investigated the pathological changes of hypertensive renal disease in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats using a large number of serial sections, where we traced and analyzed afferent arteriole, glomerulus and proximal tubule of single nephrons. Our major finding was that both afferent arteriolopathy and glomerular capillary collapse were linked to tubular atrophy. Only nephrons with glomerular collapse (n = 13) showed tubules with reduced diameter indicatin... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4940428 Fri, 10 Jun 2011 06:28:37 +0100 4940428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916070&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk56710g410jx3674%2F Abstract  Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) is involved in the cellular metabolism of fatty acids. It is a prognostic factor in prostate and colorectal cancer. So far, little is known about its expression and prognostic role in ovarian cancer. We investigated the expression of AMACR in a total of 420 ovarian tumors (388 carcinomas, 32 borderline tumors) by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays of two independent patient cohorts. In both cohorts, cytoplasmic AMACR expression was identified in 11.8% (16/136) and 5.4% (13/239), respectively, of the ovarian carcinomas. In contrast, borderline tumors did not show any AMACR expression. AMACR expression was significantly associated with histological subtype, FIGO stage, and grade in one cohort and low estrogen receptor le... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916070 Sat, 04 Jun 2011 06:07:09 +0100 4916070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4916069&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fu4007263476np056%2F Abstract  Differences in hormone receptor and HER-2 status between primary tumour and corresponding relapse could have a substantial impact on clinical management of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate change in expression of hormone receptors and HER-2 status between primary tumour and corresponding local recurrence or distant metastasis. We analysed 140 primary tumours and related recurrent or metastatic samples. Hormone receptors status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, while HER-2 status by immunohistochemistry and silver in situ hybridisation. A change in HER-2 was rare; 3.7% of cases by immunohistochemistry and only 0.7% by silver in situ hybridisation analysis. A change in estrogen and progesterone receptors was seen in 6.4% and 21.4% of cases, respe... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4916069 Sat, 04 Jun 2011 06:07:09 +0100 4916069 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897423&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fd302326w06vr3668%2F Abstract  Breast cancer is known for its propensity to recur decades after treatment. The biology behind the phenomenon of tumor dormancy is still poorly understood. Bmi-1, c-myc, and Snail are transcription factors that have prognostic roles in several malignancies. In order to reveal whether any of these markers has impact on late relapses, we used immunohistochemistry to study the expression of Bmi-1, c-myc, Snail, and estrogen receptor in 73 primary breast cancers and in their metastatic relapses detected within 2 years, or 5 or 10 years after primary surgery. The expression of Bmi-1 was higher in the metastases than in their corresponding primary tumors in both early and late relapses. The highest expression of Bmi-1 was seen in the very late relapsing tumors ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897423 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:58:39 +0100 4897423 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897425&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc82738834j75414h%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1098-6Authors Christopher Griffith, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, PUH A616.2, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USARaja Seethala, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, PUH A616.2, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USASimion I. Chiosea, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, PUH A616.2, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897425 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:58:38 +0100 4897425 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897424&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl023w64h7l56717p%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1093-yAuthors Ranjani Chakravarthy, The Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Rochdale Road, Oldham, OL1 2JH UKKhalid Ahmed, The Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Rochdale Road, Oldham, OL1 2JH UKSalma Abbasi, The Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Rochdale Road, Oldham, OL1 2JH UKAndrew Cotterill, The Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Rochdale Road, Oldham, OL1 2JH UKNazia Parveen, The Royal Oldham Hospital, Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Rochdale Road, Oldham, OL1 2JH UK Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897424 Fri, 03 Jun 2011 05:58:38 +0100 4897424 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897426&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe2568375j5061q94%2F Abstract  Alternative splicing of the caldesmon gene results in high (h-caldesmon) and low (l-caldesmon) molecular weight isoforms of the cytoskeleton-associated protein caldesmon. h-Caldesmon is predominantly expressed not only in smooth-muscle cells but also in pericryptal fibroblasts in colon. l-Caldesmon is widely expressed and localized in podosomes/invadopodia. Studies with transformed and cancer cell lines suggest that a reduction in l-caldesmon facilitates podosome/invadopodia formation and metastasis. We investigated caldesmon isoforms in colon adenocarcinoma and their lymph node metastases using immunohistochemistry. Caldesmon immunoreactivity of colon adenocarcinoma primary tumors and lymph node metastases was very similar. l-Caldesmon immunoreactivity of cancer epi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897426 Mon, 30 May 2011 17:11:36 +0100 4897426 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897427&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc8408715v7h66g4p%2F Abstract  Claudin-18 (CLDN18), a tight junction protein specific to stomach and lung, is aberrantly expressed in preinvasive and invasive neoplasms of the pancreas. To investigate the significance of CLDN18 expression in biliary neoplasms, immunohistochemical analysis was performed. CLDN18 expression was frequently observed in the epithelial cells of extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas (90%, n = 99), intrahepatic intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs, 100%, n = 11), and extrahepatic IPNBs (89%, n = 9), while it was less frequent in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICCs, 43%, n = 83). Interestingly, CLDN18 expression was also frequently observed in precancerous lesions such as biliary intraepithelial neoplasias (78%, n = 18). Among ICCs, CL... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897427 Mon, 23 May 2011 17:06:00 +0100 4897427 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4897428&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F843h905844q76514%2F This study aimed to investigate an expression of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in LCH, since its expression levels were variously reported in many tumors, overexpression in ovarian cancers (a candidate oncoprotein), and downregulation by methylation in gastric cancers, prostate cancers, malignant lymphomas, and leukemias (a putative tumor suppressor). By immunohistochemistry (IHC), the SHP-1 expression in LCs and LCH cells was compared in LCH (two subtypes: LCH-SS = 21, LCH-MS = 12), dermatopathic lymphadenopathy (DLA) (n = 9) and normal epidermal LCs (n = 3) near LCH lesion. IHC results were analyzed semiquantitatively using a Photoshop software. The mean intensity score (IS) of DLA, LCH-SS, LCH-MS, and LCs were 47, 100, 139, and 167 (in arbitrary unit), respectively. Th... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4897428 Sun, 22 May 2011 06:02:27 +0100 4897428 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4849261&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F2628t15034w43727%2F This study provides evidence that flupirtine can cause substantial liver injury of hepatocellular type. Liver damage is associated with a characteristic morphological picture, the recognition of which will aid in causality assessment of drug-induced liver injury. Clinical and histological features raise the possibility of an immune-mediated toxicity. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1087-9Authors Florian Puls, Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyClemens Agne, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyFritz Klein, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité, Augustenburger Platz 1, 133... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4849261 Wed, 18 May 2011 06:16:25 +0100 4849261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4849262&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwqk114mjvmt22703%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1089-7Authors Vikas Mehta, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Room 2233, Building 110, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USASwati Mehrotra, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Room 2233, Building 110, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USARobert C. Flanigan, Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USAEva M. Wojcik, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Room 2233, Building 110, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USAGirish Venkataraman, Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Room 2233, Building 110, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA Journal Virchows ArchivOnline IS... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4849262 Tue, 17 May 2011 05:56:11 +0100 4849262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4834795&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F47774322g37u8058%2F Abstract  Tonsillar polyps are nonneoplastic lesions usually composed of variable amounts of lymphoid and vascular and connective tissues. All of them are generally assumed to be hamartomatous proliferations, but the profile of vascular and connective components has yet to be explored. The vascular system of the tonsils is complex and includes highly specialized structures (i.e., high endothelial venules (HEVs)) involved in lymphocyte homing into lymphoid tissues. In 14 tonsillar polyps and 26 control tonsils, an immunohistochemical study was performed using CD34 (blood vessels and HEVs), MECA-79 (HEVs), D2-40 (lymphatic vessels), Ki-67, collagens I and III, fibronectin, and tenascin-C. The polyps showed increased total lymphatic area, whereas the number of blood vessels an... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4834795 Thu, 12 May 2011 18:53:59 +0100 4834795 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791670&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg7r16m3lg8354120%2F We examined the correlation between immunohistochemical AID expression and histological characteristics, including pre-existing chronic gastritis and cellular mucin phenotype in 138 cases of intramucosal GC. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between AID, p53 protein, and β-catenin. The low degree of polymorphonuclear neutrophil activity, and the high degree of glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were significantly correlated with the high levels of AID expression in non-neoplastic mucosa (P = 0.007, P ≤ 0.001, and P = 0.003). With regard to mucin phenotype of carcinoma, the intestinal phenotype tended to have the higher AID expression levels (P = 0.052). AID showed close correlations with Cdx2 and nuclear staining of β-catenin (P = 0.003, P�... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791670 Tue, 03 May 2011 05:52:57 +0100 4791670 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791669&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgg820261508p3040%2F In conclusion, a high CD10 expression in prostate cancer predicts early death. This information is inherent in the primary tumors and in the lymph node metastases and might help to personalize patient management. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1084-zAuthors Achim Fleischmann, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, SwitzerlandCarla Rocha, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, SwitzerlandNikolina Saxer-Sekulic, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, SwitzerlandInti Zlobec, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, SwitzerlandGuido Sauter, Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyGeorge N. Thalmann, Department of Urology, University of Be... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791669 Tue, 03 May 2011 05:52:57 +0100 4791669 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4791671&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fpp63103586x53586%2F Abstract  Evidence suggests that the carcinogenic process guided by Helicobacter pylori is related to the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis proteins as BCL-2, BAX, and MYC. However, the literature is conflicting regarding the expression frequency in the histological subtypes and did not consider cagA gene presence. To investigate the expression of these proteins considering the histological subtypes of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori (cagA), a total of 89 cases were used. H. pylori infection and cagA status were determined by PCR. Immunodetection was performed for MYC, BCL-2, and BAX proteins. H. pylori was found in 95.5% of the patients, among them, 65.8% were cagA(+). Nuclear MYC was detected in 36.4%, BAX in 55.7%, while BCl-2 in just 5%. Nuclear MYC staining w... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4791671 Tue, 03 May 2011 05:52:55 +0100 4791671 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4750051&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F432x618711255252%2F Abstract  Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) often has a poor prognosis because of late presentation, lack of sensitivity and specificity of screening modalities and the development of chemoresistance. New targeted therapy is required if survival in these cases is to improve. The profile of E-, P- and N-cadherins in ovarian cancer and its association with survival remain poorly understood. Reduced expression of E-cadherin in prostate cancer associated with increase in the expression of N- and P-cadherins is described as cadherin switch. We hypothesised that there is a switch in the expression of cadherins that regulates the behaviour of HGSC and possibly its outcome. To identify the stages of the cadherin switch in HGSC, we studied the immunoexpression of E-, P- and... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4750051 Thu, 21 Apr 2011 06:12:18 +0100 4750051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745516&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fv0576545v5715514%2F Abstract  Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is a subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in non-cirrhotic liver at a younger age. The tumor expresses both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular markers. Previously, our group described overexpression of tight junction protein claudin 4 in cholangiocellular carcinoma in contrast to hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present study, tight junction protein expressions were studied to possibly clarify bipotential lineage of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma. Eleven fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas were compared with seven “conventional” hepatocellular carcinomas, seven cholangiocellular carcinomas, and five normal liver samples. By immunohistochemistry, all fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas were posit... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745516 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 07:19:07 +0100 4745516 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745517&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F41n6500x0x7hv037%2F Abstract   ‘Nowhere in pathology has a chaos of names so clouded clear concepts as in the subject lymphoid tumors’. R.A. Willis. In 1858, Rudolf Virchow, with a primitive microscope and limited experiential base, recognized ‘at least three different conditions here, hyperinosis, leucocytosis and leukemia….’. One hundred and fifty years later, the World Health Organization (WHO 2008), with a much more extensive armamentarium of tools, and a wealth of diverse experience, promulgated criteria distinguishing more than 100 types of ‘Tumors of the Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues’. From three to one hundred and three; this is progress! And this is history! Our goal is to examine the course and causes of this history; how we moved from three entities to a hun... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745517 Tue, 19 Apr 2011 07:19:06 +0100 4745517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4745518&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Far0m1525w007h141%2F Abstract  Adamantinoma of long bones (ALB) and osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) are rare osteolytic bone tumours that principally arise in the tibia. Both ALB and OFD contain epithelial and stromal elements, as well as areas of fibro-osseous proliferation. We assessed expression of podoplanin, a glycoprotein found in osteocytes, in OFD and ALB as well as in fibrous dysplasia and metastatic cancer. Forty-two cases of ALB and OFD, 20 cases of fibrous dysplasia and 20 cases of metastatic carcinoma to bone were stained by immunohistochemistry for expression of podoplanin, epithelial (cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen) and vascular (CD34, LYVE-1) markers. Podoplanin was expressed in epithelial cells and tumour glands in ALB as well as in scattered intertrabecular stromal cell... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4745518 Sat, 16 Apr 2011 05:56:54 +0100 4745518 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728000&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqj30257gr3116tm4%2F This study aimed to characterize both common and different features between the two subtypes. A total of 72 MSI+ CRCs were analyzed for their methylation status in eight CIMP panel markers using MethyLight assay. CIMP+/MSI+ and CIMP−/MSI+ CRCs were compared regarding clinicopathologic features and mutation in KRAS/BRAF. An independent set of MSI+ CRCs (n = 97) was analyzed for their relationship of CIMP+ status with clinical outcome. Eighteen cases (25%) were CIMP+, and this CIMP+ subtype was highly correlated with older age (P < 0.001). Polypoid gross appearance without ulceration was observed only in CIMP−/MSI+ CRCs (18.5%, P = 0.057). CIMP+/MSI+ CRCs were closely associated with poor differentiation, medullary appearance, signet ring cell appearance, and acinar-fo... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728000 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:12 +0100 4728000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728001&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fgl7285j252818028%2F In conclusion, smoothelin IHC is strongly dependent on epitope retrieval, and smoothelin staining did not discriminate reliably between MP and MM with any of the tested pretreatment protocols. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1076-zAuthors Claes Lindh, Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, SwedenRobert Nilsson, Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, SwedenMarie Louise Lindstrom, Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, SwedenLilian Lundin, Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, SwedenGoran Elmberger, Department of Clinical Path... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728001 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:11 +0100 4728001 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728003&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp501478k92g26146%2F Abstract  Multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations are known to be involved in the carcinogenesis of peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADC). However, epigenetic abnormalities have not been extensively investigated in the following multistage progression sequence: atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) to adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), to invasive ADC. To determine the potential role of promoter methylation during ADC development of the lung, we examined methylation status in 20 normal, 20 AAH, 30 AIS, and 60 ADC lung tissues and compared methylation status among the lesions. The MethyLight assay was used to determine the methylation status of 18 CpG island loci, which were hypermethylated in ADC compared to noncancerous lung tissues. The mean number of methylated CpG i... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728003 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:10 +0100 4728003 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728002&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy6n1u64kh3458338%2F Abstract  Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) is not an optimal stain to discriminate between parietal and chief cells in gastric biopsies; modified Giemsa (G) and toluidine blue (TB) were found more suitable stains to characterize these two cell phenotypes. Sixty-eight well-oriented sections from the fundic mucosa were stained with H&E, and with G or TB. With G or TB the normal fundic mucosa clearly displayed a parietal cell domain (PCD) and a chief-cell domain (CCD). The continuity of these two cell domains was assessed in the entire section at ×4 magnification and the thickness of the PCD. The total mucosal thickness (TMT) was measured in three different HPF at ×20 magnifications. Qualitative observations indicated that the PCD and CCD were (a) continuous in normal fundic muco... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728002 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:10 +0100 4728002 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728005&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fe82x38228j46q141%2F Abstract  Although pERK and pAKT are reportedly activated in various neoplasms, little information is available about their significance in astrocytomas. Paraffin-embedded tissue from 82 patients with diffuse infiltrating astrocytomas (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of pERK and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear pERK labelling index (LI) increased with increasing cytoplasmic pERK LI and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT LI (p = 0.0019, p = 0.0260 and p = 0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic pERK increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p = 0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT LI (p = 0.0526). N... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728005 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:08 +0100 4728005 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728004&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fn4v3k84535211881%2F Abstract  On 15 June 1888, the German Emperor, Kaiser Friedrich III, died of laryngeal cancer. Three biopsies of his laryngeal lesion had been taken by the British laryngologist, Morel Mackenzie, in 1887 and diagnosed by Rudolf Virchow as “pachydermia verrucosa laryngis”, confirming Mackenzie's assessment that the Kaiser's disease was benign. A fourth specimen coughed up by the patient was considered by Virchow to be nondiagnostic. A further specimen expectorated by the patient 3 months before his death was diagnosed as carcinoma by Wilhelm Waldeyer. The autopsy revealed squamous carcinoma in the larynx with a cervical lymph node metastasis. The discrepancies between the initial diagnoses and the final outcome of the Kaiser's disease gave rise to a never-ending med... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728004 Thu, 14 Apr 2011 16:59:08 +0100 4728004 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728007&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fqxp8660282070403%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1073-2Authors Beate K. Straub, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyIrene Esposito, Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, GermanyDaniel Gotthardt, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyBoris Radeleff, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyDalibor Antolovic, Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyChrista Flechtenmacher, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220/221, 69120 Heidelbe... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728007 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 05:59:31 +0100 4728007 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728006&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1x3m184p7470l112%2F This study aims to explore this relationship and further to describe the incidence of predefined categories of histological lesions of the placenta in an unselected obstetric population recruited prior to delivery. The study is based upon the placental examination of 1,156 women with singleton pregnancies recruited prospectively in a single unit. Placentas were analysed where deliveries occurred between 34–43 weeks. The incidence of normal histological findings and specific histological categories, such as ascending genital tract infection, chronic placental underperfusion, intervillous thrombus and villitis of unknown aetiology, were noted. The relationship between placental morphological indices: coiling index, cord centrality index (distance of cord insertion on the chorion... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728006 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 05:59:31 +0100 4728006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728009&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy80773936262273h%2F This study investigates the impact of a combined grading system on the reproducibility of papillary urothelial neoplasms. A set prepared for an earlier study consisting of ten cases of each category (papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), LGPUC, and HGPUC) was used. Agreement between pairs of pathologists was evaluated using κ statistics for the combined scoring system. Interobserver agreement was fair to substantial as reflected by κ values ranging from 0.24 to 0.74 (mean κ = 0.43). The combined scores of 2 and 3 which included PUNLMP showed the lowest degree of agreement and when this category was excluded from the analysis, interobserver agreement increased significantly (mean κ = 0.65; ranging from 0.43 to 0.92) in terms of combined scores of... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728009 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 05:59:29 +0100 4728009 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728008&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fy313j68786186g27%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1068-zAuthors Eva-Maria Wolf, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, AustriaChrista Strasser, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, AustriaKarel Geboes, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumEkkehard Spuller, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, AustriaMichael Vieth, Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, GermanyCord Langner, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, 8036 Graz, Austria Journal Virchows ArchivOnline ISSN 1432-2307Print ISSN 0945-6317 (Source: Virchows Archiv) Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728008 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 05:59:29 +0100 4728008 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4728010&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff68451840p885536%2F In conclusion, homeobox HLXB9 is upregulated in poorly differentiated HCC with a pseudoglandular pattern. The translated HB9 protein is found in the cytoplasm of these HCC and CC. We therefore assume HLXB9 as a possible link in the understanding of the development of HCC and CC, respectively. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1070-5Authors Ludwig Wilkens, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstr. 10, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandRolf Jaggi, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstr. 35, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandCaroline Hammer, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstr. 10, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandDaniel Inderbitzin, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Inselspital Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandOlivier Giger... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4728010 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 05:59:28 +0100 4728010 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4706248&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F02386588030h2131%2F In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of nicotinamide (NA) on rat hepatic fibrogenesis and investigated its underlying mechanism. We examined the inhibitory effects of NA in vivo by using F344 rats in a thioacetamide (TAA)-induced fibrogenesis model and assessed the inhibitory effects in vitro by using the rat hepatic stellate cell line THSC-Cl6. In vivo, NA significantly attenuated liver fibrosis in TAA-treated rats as assessed by histological analysis using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining. In vitro, NA inhibited viability of THSC-Cl6 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, suppressed DNA synthesis, and induced apoptosis. Transcription of collagen mRNA and expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (the hallmark of activated hepatic stellate cells)... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4706248 Sat, 09 Apr 2011 05:53:58 +0100 4706248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4660554&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fh002230g04q06720%2F Abstract  HER-2/neu overexpression and/or gene amplification occurs in several human malignancies, frequently correlates with tumor aggressiveness, and provides the basis for treatment with trastuzumab. Among neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract, ileal neuroendocrine tumors show peculiar features of malignancy with frequent metastases at the diagnosis. We investigated the overexpression and/or amplification of HER-2/neu and the involvement of the metastasis-related proteins c-Met, MTA-1, and VEGF in 24 primary ileal NEN by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Data were compared with those of 43 GEP endocrine tumors of other sites. All primary ileal NEN showed an intense membranous and cytoplasmic immunostaini... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4660554 Tue, 29 Mar 2011 07:01:17 +0100 4660554 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4647212&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F00062u1471u10817%2F Abstract  The diagnostic procedures in patients with suspected fatty liver disease—with or without known alcohol consumption—should be standardized and generally accepted. We therefore present a guideline, summarizing the current concepts of etiology, diagnostic as well as differential diagnostic of patients with fatty liver disease. Alcoholic as well as and non-alcoholic fatty liver are characterised by lipid deposition in hepatocytes. The diagnosis of steatosis is made when lipid deposition exceeds 5% of hepatocytes, while involvement of more than 50% is called “fatty liver”. An additional inflammatory reaction leads to alcoholic (ASH) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Steatohepatitis is present when both inflammatory infiltrates of mixed cells in the small... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4647212 Fri, 25 Mar 2011 18:54:57 +0100 4647212 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4647213&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fwj4722m48782q216%2F Abstract  To determine whether the measurement of biomarkers in the needle washout fluid after fine needle aspiration cytology could strengthen cytological diagnosis, 29 benign lesions, 26 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), and 95 invasive carcinomas of the breast were analyzed. Immediately after the aspiration samples were expelled onto glass slides, the needle was rinsed out with 2 ml of saline. Human epidermal growth factor receptor two extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) and cancer antigen 15–3 (CA 15–3) in the washout fluid were measured using chemiluminescence. The measuring limit for HER2-ECD (0.5 ng/ml) and that for CA 15–3 (4 U/ml) were used as the cutoff values, respectively. The proportion of patients with positive HER2-ECD values was 6.9% in case... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4647213 Fri, 25 Mar 2011 05:49:35 +0100 4647213 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4633436&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb4251g3l61j3313v%2F In conclusion, despite their rarity, primary neuroendocrine tumors of the main pancreatic duct deserve recognition and must be considered in the etiological diagnosis of ductal stenosis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1067-0Authors Thomas Walter, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Fédération des Spécialités Digestives, Lyon, FranceValérie Hervieu, INSERM, UMR S865, IFR62, Faculté Laennec, Lyon, FranceMustapha Adham, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Fédération des Spécialités Digestives, Lyon, FranceRodica Gincul, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Fédération des Spécialités Digestives, Lyon, FranceGilles Poncet, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Fédération des Spécialit... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4633436 Tue, 22 Mar 2011 18:12:34 +0100 4633436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4628550&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F1271236811186v2w%2F Abstract  A prognostic interpretation of preneoplastic lesions would have impact in bronchial carcinoma early diagnosis and through the study of Erb-B family receptors as they have an important role in lung carcinogenesis. The existence of drugs as tyrosine kinase inhibitors stressed the importance of studying gene alterations for selected chemoprevention schemes and characterization of carcinogenesis. Bronchial preneoplastic lesions were characterized by immunohistochemistry using the antibodies LP34 (high weigh molecular cytokeratin), CK7, chromogranin A, Ki67, p53, C-erbB-2 and EGFR. HER2 and EGFR gene copy number was also evaluated by fluorescent in situ hybridization in those lesions. The expected results defined the origin cell for basal cell hyperplasia and squamous m... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4628550 Mon, 21 Mar 2011 19:07:01 +0100 4628550 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578902&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fg6420n6w29n48530%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1064-3Authors Arianna Di Napoli, UOC Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università “Sapienza”, Rome, ItalyMaria Giubettini, UOC Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università “Sapienza”, Rome, ItalyEnrico Duranti, UOC Anatomia Patologica, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università “Sapienza”, Rome, ItalyAntonella Ferrari, UOC Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Ospedale Sant’Andrea, II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universit�... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578902 Fri, 11 Mar 2011 18:06:29 +0100 4578902 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4578903&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr02l84211201688m%2F Abstract  The morphologic distinction of pleomorphic adenoma from other benign or low-grade salivary gland tumors is sometimes difficult and problematic because of their potentially overlapping histological patterns. A subset of pleomorphic adenoma harbors specific gene alterations involving PLAG1 or HMGA2, and the detection of these fusion genes and their products using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens may be a useful diagnostic adjunct. In the present study, gene fusions involving PLAG1 or HMGA2 were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, with FFPE tumor tissues and immunohistochemical expression of PLAG1 in 45 pleomorphic adenomas, using a commercially available antibody. RT-PCR analyses identified the CTNNB1-... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4578903 Fri, 11 Mar 2011 06:52:20 +0100 4578903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4562830&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fm1261468t780004x%2F Abstract  We elucidated the genetic profile of hepatoblastomas (HBLs) to identify diagnostic and prognostic markers. RNA was extracted from 32 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HBLs and corresponding nonneoplastic liver (NNL) tissues, and cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation (DASL) chip assays were performed. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm the expression of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) protein in HBL. Twenty-four genes that were associated with signal transduction, cell–cell adhesion, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis were differentially expressed in HBL and NNL tissues. Two apoptosis-associated genes, MYCN and BIRC5, were highly upregulated in HBL. Eight genes, including YY1 and IGF1, were upregulated in HBL cases that had a poor prognosis. Thi... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4562830 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 08:46:37 +0100 4562830 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4562829&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fw904821q47pkw928%2F Abstract  Early onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) constitutes less than 5% of all newly diagnosed cases of pancreatic cancer (PC). Although histopathological characteristics of EOPC have been described, no detailed reports on precursor lesions of EOPC are available. In the present study, we aimed to describe histopathological picture of extratumoral parenchyma in 23 cases of EOPCs (definition based on the threshold value of 45 years of age) with particular emphasis on two types of precursor lesions of PC: pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). The types, grades, and densities of precursor lesions of PC were compared in patients with EOPCs, in young patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), and in older (at t... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4562829 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 08:46:37 +0100 4562829 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4562831&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F50662t686j07q124%2F Abstract  In several, but not all, previous studies, positive p21WAF1 expression has been suggested as an indicator of a good prognosis in patients with stage III/IV colorectal cancer. However, it is not known whether the same is true for stage B2 patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of p21WAF1 expression in tumor cells on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of Astler–Coller stage B2 and C patients with colorectal cancer who underwent 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Nuclear p21WAF1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays from 275 colorectal cancers. The expression of p21WAF1 was associated with DFS (p = 0.025) and OS (p = 0.008) in the subgroup of stage B2 patients that was treated with adjuvan... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4562831 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 08:46:36 +0100 4562831 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4537660&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F937x04w42603075l%2F Abstract  The clinician expects from the pathologist a clinically relevant diagnosis on the basis of liver biopsy interpretation. Today, a liver biopsy, as invasive procedure, is only justified when a significant benefit for the patient can be expected particularly with respect to the clinical management. Consequently, liver biopsy is usually not required in uncomplicated acute viral hepatitis. It is, however, an important diagnostic tool in chronic hepatitis and in transplanted liver to confirm the clinical diagnosis and to assess stage and grade of necroinflammation, treatment efficiency, and concurrent diseases. The diagnosis of liver disease is based on teamwork between clinician and pathologist. Evaluation of the biopsy in the clinical context requires clinical informa... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4537660 Fri, 25 Feb 2011 17:07:04 +0100 4537660 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4537659&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F9rx7487545714nl4%2F Abstract  Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in gastric adenocarcinoma show a strong compartmentalization with high numbers of lymphocytes in the stroma and low intraepithelial lymphocyte counts. Our previous study has shown stromal regulatory T cells (Treg) to be associated with a beneficial outcome in intestinal type cancer of the cardia. We undertook the present study to further evaluate the immunogenic and inflammatory environment in intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma of the cardia. We assessed CXCR3 expression, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) status, Her2/ERBB2 status and overexpression/amplification using tissue microarrays (immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization) of 52 patients. The data were correlated to different TIL subset counts (CD3, CD8, GranzymeB, F... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4537659 Fri, 25 Feb 2011 17:07:04 +0100 4537659 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4537661&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fk526148r21842836%2F Abstract  Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) develop in many organs, and although they share some pathological and clinical features, significant differences do exist among different tumor types and locations. The correct classification of NENs is based on the recently published WHO classification according to the various locations, and is relevant for the appropriate treatment in each group. The apparently easy diagnostic categorization in well-differentiated NENs, called neuroendocrine tumors, and poorly differentiated NENs, called neuroendocrine carcinomas, is complicated by the existence, among others, of different terminologies, morphological criteria of malignancy, combined exocrine–endocrine tumors, as well as of heterogeneous diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive mar... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4537661 Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:07:35 +0100 4537661 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4509087&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F4426586616368775%2F Abstract  Adenomatoid tumors (ATs) are uncommon benign mesothelial tumors with a predilection for the genital tract. We reviewed 47 ATs diagnosed at our institutions during 10-year period. Thirty tumors (64%) originated in the female (21 uterine, 8 tubal, and 1 ovarian) and 17 (36%) in the male (9 epididymal and 8 testicular) genital tract. The median age for females and males was 47.5 and 51 years, respectively. While 83% of tumors in females were incidental findings in resections for unrelated diseases, 94% of male lesions presented as clinical masses leading to surgery. The median size was 2, 1, and 0.5 cm for uterine, epididymo-testicular, and tubo-ovarian lesions, respectively. Architecturally, the microcystic/angiomatoid pattern was the most frequent (32/47; ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4509087 Sat, 19 Feb 2011 18:24:53 +0100 4509087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4509089&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F381443053p112812%2F Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00428-011-1055-4Authors Dimas Suárez-Vilela, Department of Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Polígono de Riaño, S/N, 33920 Riaño (Langreo) Asturias, SpainFrancisco Miguel Izquierdo, Department of Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Polígono de Riaño, S/N, 33920 Riaño (Langreo) Asturias, SpainJose Ramón Méndez, Department of Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Polígono de Riaño, S/N, 33920 Riaño (Langreo) Asturias, SpainJuliana Escobar, Department of Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Polígono de Riaño, S/N, 33920 Riaño (Langreo) Asturias, SpainGerardo Urdiales, Department of Surgery, Hospital Valle del Nalón, Polígono de Riaño, S/N, 33920 Riaño (Langreo) Astur... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4509089 Sat, 19 Feb 2011 18:24:50 +0100 4509089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4509088&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fb36538628u44w176%2F Abstract  Metzincins and functionally related genes play important roles in extracellular matrix remodeling both in healthy and fibrotic conditions. We recently presented a transcriptomic classifier consisting of 19 metzincins and related genes (MARGS) discriminating biopsies from renal transplant patients with or without interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA) by virtue of gene expression measurement (Roedder et al., Am J Transplant 9:517–526, 2009). Here we demonstrate that the same algorithm has diagnostic value in non-transplant solid organ fibrosis. We used publically available microarray datasets of 325 human heart, liver, lung, kidney cortex, and pancreas microarray samples (265 with fibrosis, 60 healthy controls). Expression of nine commonly differentially ex... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4509088 Sat, 19 Feb 2011 18:24:50 +0100 4509088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4499143&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fl001547107752768%2F Abstract  Fabry disease is a rare X-linked disorder caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase gene (GLA), the resultant deficiency of lysosomal α-galactosidase enzyme activity leading to systemic accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and other glycosphingolipids. GLA knockout mice (“Fabry mice”) were generated as an animal model for Fabry disease but, as they do not manifest progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), their relevance as a model for human Fabry nephropathy is uncertain. We evaluated the histological alterations in the kidneys of Fabry mice at different ages, as contrasted to those observed in wild-type mice. Furthermore, we compared the renal histological alterations of Fabry mice to the kidney pathology reported in patients with Fabry disease at compara... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4499143 Thu, 17 Feb 2011 06:53:52 +0100 4499143 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4485813&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fvj506830007m2712%2F Abstract  The E-twenty-six (ETS) family of transcription factors is known to act as positive or negative regulators of the expression of genes that are involved in diverse biological processes, including those that control cellular proliferation, differentiation, hematopoiesis, apoptosis, metastasis, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. Identification of target gene promoters of normal and oncogenic transcription factors provides new insights into the regulation of genes that are involved in the control of normal cell growth and differentiation. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze the differential expression of 11 ETS (ELF-3, ESE3, ETS1, ETV3, ETV4, ETV6, NERF, PDEF, PU1, Spi-B, and Spi-C) as potential markers for prognostic of colorectal cancer. A series of... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4485813 Fri, 11 Feb 2011 14:33:12 +0100 4485813 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4461654&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Ff45xw58l285l7487%2F Abstract  Giant cells tumors of bone (GCTB) are benign in nature but cause osteolytic destruction with a number of particular characteristics. These tumors can have uncertain biological behavior often contain a significant proportion of highly multinucleated cells, and may show aggressive behavior. We have studied differential gene expression in GCTB that may give a better understanding of their physiopathology, and might be helpful in prognosis and treatment. Rapid subtractive hybridization (RaSH) was used to identify and measure novel genes that appear to be differentially expressed, including KTN1, NEB, ROCK1, and ZAK using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in the samples of GCTBs compared to normal bone tissue. Normal bone... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4461654 Tue, 08 Feb 2011 21:05:46 +0100 4461654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4456916&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fr6tm0x82559348u0%2F Abstract  In normal urothelium, superficial umbrella cells express four major integral membrane proteins, uroplakins UPIa, UPIb, UPII, and UPIIIa, which compose urothelial plaques. In the apical plasma membrane, urothelial plaques form microridges. During neoplastic changes, microridges are replaced by microvilli, while uroplakin expression is retained. We correlated individual uroplakin expression with apical plasma membrane structure, cytokeratin 20 expression, and urothelial cell proliferation (Ki-67). Male Wistar rats were treated with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in drinking water, which caused flat hyperplasia with mild dysplasia, low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma, invasive low- and high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma and invasive squ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4456916 Tue, 08 Feb 2011 13:18:21 +0100 4456916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4456917&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fc6053021w3127821%2F This article discusses on the basis of the ductal plate hypothesis the implication of the concept for several liver abnormalities. The occurrence of ductal plates (DP) during liver growth in childhood would explain the paraportal and parenchymal localizations of von Meyenburg complexes in postnatally developed parts of the liver, and their higher incidence in adulthood versus childhood. It partly clarifies the lack of postnatal intrahepatic bile duct development in Alagille syndrome and the reduced number of portal tracts in this disease. Ductular reactions (DRs) in DP configuration are the predominant type of progenitor cell reaction in fulminant necro-inflammatory liver disease, when lack of sufficient parenchymal regeneration results in liver failure. The concept of dissecting DRs... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4456917 Mon, 07 Feb 2011 22:53:52 +0100 4456917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4440052&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5g28612h8q2w12r4%2F This article discusses the processes of bile duct growth and new lobule formation in the liver during childhood in the light of the ductal plate (DP) hypothesis. Unlike in other organs in which tubular elongation and branching ends with the creation of the organ-specific terminal differentiation products, in the liver a steadily enlarging parenchymal mass needs to establish continuity of its canalicular network with the existing bile duct system. The hypothesis suggests that this occurs by DP formation, like in the embryonic liver, and further assumes that pathological ductular reactions (DRs) induced by cholestasis or hypoxia are amplified equivalents of similar mechanisms operating at low level during liver growth. The concept is confronted with data on porcine liver growth, since ... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4440052 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 17:35:18 +0100 4440052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4440051&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5027gmg3n4848083%2F Abstract  Cardiac sarcoidosis has been known to give rise to heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We have a large database of sudden cardiac death cases at the CRY Centre for Cardiac Pathology at Imperial College, London, UK in which we found 17 of 1,720 cases with a diagnosis of cardiac sarcoid. Macroscopic examination showed a variety of findings including left ventricular hypertrophy, a dilated thin-walled left ventricle ,areas of fibrosis, changes resembling arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and in some cases, no gross abnormalities. Histological examination revealed large areas of fibrosis and focal lymphocytic inflammation mimicking infarction/myocarditis. Careful search had to be made for non-necrotizing granulomata, since the lymphocyti... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4440051 Fri, 04 Feb 2011 17:35:18 +0100 4440051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4440053&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F5545q1122rj07026%2F This article focuses on the observation that most hepatic ductular reactions (DRs) have ductal plate (DP)-like patterns. Considering old and recent data, it hypothesizes that in DR, dedifferentiation of hepatocytes in ductular metaplasia may lead to the de novo development of liver stem/progenitor cells (LPCs). The three recognized types of DR are reconsidered, and an additional fourth type, DR type 2B, is added. In DR type 1 whose pattern differs from DP, the pre-existing cholangiocytes multiply and adjust the ductal structure in response to micro-environmental changes induced by oedema and inflammation. This DR fails to establish new canaliculo-ductular connections. DRs types 2A, 2B and 3 represent progenitor cell-based reactions in DP configuration which establish canaliculo-ductu... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4440053 Thu, 03 Feb 2011 07:15:18 +0100 4440053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4430431&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fp80k341101636471%2F Abstract  Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) has recently been demonstrated to be a new tumor suppressor gene involved in colon carcinogenesis. PDCD4 immunohistochemical expression was assessed in 300 polypoid lesions of the colon mucosa (50 hyperplastic polyps [HP], 50 serrated adenomas [SA], 50 tubular adenomas with low-grade-intraepithelial neoplasia [LG-IEN], 50 tubular adenomas with high-grade-IEN [HG-IEN]), and in 50 colon adenocarcinomas (CRC). As normal controls, we considered 50 biopsy samples obtained from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (N). We further investigated PDCD4 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a different series of N, LG-IEN, HG-IEN, and CRC biopsy samples. miR-21 expression (an important PDCD4-... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4430431 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 20:31:24 +0100 4430431 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4430432&cid=s_33280_32_f&fid=33280&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2F7441755524k47640%2F This study aimed to determine whether the expression of VEGF-C in tumour and stromal cells in cutaneous melanoma determines lymphangiogenesis and neoplastic dissemination to lymph nodes. We examined cases from 50 patients with melanoma who underwent selective biopsy of the sentinel lymph node. Immunohistochemical study was done with D2-40 to label lymph vessels, and the expression of VEGF-C was evaluated in tumour and stromal cells. Lymph vessel density was greater in sentinel lymph node-positive than in sentinel lymph node-negative cases, though the difference was not significant (P = 0.075). A significant correlation was seen between lymph vessel density and tumour thickness and the presence of ulceration. The main finding was that the expression of VEGF-C in fibroblasts was hig... Virchows Archiv journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4430432 Fri, 28 Jan 2011 20:31:23 +0100 4430432