MedWorm: Materials Science

Giant Diaphragmatic Angiosarcoma of Adult: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

We present the case of an adult patient who had a primary giant angiosarcoma of the left-sided diaphragm. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

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Real-Time Compressive Sensing MRI Reconstruction Using GPU Computing and Split Bregman Methods

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

Compressive sensing (CS) has been shown to enable dramatic acceleration of MRI acquisition in some applications. Being an iterative reconstruction technique, CS MRI reconstructions can be more time-consuming than traditional inverse Fourier reconstruction. We have accelerated our CS MRI reconstruction by factors of up to 27 by using a split Bregman solver combined with a graphics processing unit (GPU) computing platform. The increases in speed we find are similar to those we measure for matrix multiplication on this platform, suggesting that the split Bregman methods parallelize efficiently. We demonstrate that the combination of the rapid convergence of the split Bregman algorithm and the massively parallel strategy of GPU computing can enable real-time CS reconstruction of even acquisiti...

Orbital Myiasis: Due to Invasion of Larvae of Flesh Fly (Wohlfahrtia magnifica) in a Child; Rare Presentation

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

We report a case of ocular myiasis in 1.5 years old child belonging to urban slum after history of minor injury on left upper lid due to fall from bed. The purpose of reporting this case is to highlight the ocular association of W. magnifica. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

Modelling the Implications of Quality Management Elements on Strategic Flexibility

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the implications of a quality management (QM) initiative on strategic flexibility. Our study defines flexibility from a strategic approach and examines the extent to which, why, and how the triggering factors of strategic flexibility are related to QM elements. The hypotheses put forward are tested in an empirical study carried out on a sample of Spanish firms, using structural equation models. The results demonstrate the positive effect of adopting an integral QM initiative on enhancing strategic flexibility. QM enhances strategic flexibility more effectively when it is introduced comprehensively rather than in a piecemeal fashion. A series of practices linked to the application of a QM initiative are outlined, which managers can...

A Remark on Wavelet Bases in Weighted Lp Spaces

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

The paper deals with unconditional wavelet bases in weighted Lp spaces. Inhomogeneous wavelets of Daubechies type are considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions for weights are found for which the wavelet system is an unconditional basis in weighted Lp spaces in dependence on p. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

Potential Operators on Cones of Nonincreasing Functions

Journal of Nanomaterials — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 11:29:42 +0100

Necessary and sufficient conditions on weight pairs guaranteeing the two-weight inequalities for the potential operators (Iαf)(x)=∫0∞(f(t)/|x−t|1−α)dt and (ℐα1,α2f)(x,y)=∫0∞∫0∞(f(t,τ)/|x−t|1−α1|y−τ|1−α2)dtdτ on the cone of nonincreasing functions are derived. In the case of ℐα1,α2, we assume that the right-hand side weight is of product type. The same problem for other mixed-type double potential operators is also studied. Exponents of the Lebesgue spaces are assumed to be between 1 and ∞. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

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Bulk Heterojunction Formation between Indium Tin Oxide Nanorods and CuInS2 Nanoparticles for Inorganic Thin Film Solar Cell Applications

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 20:19:07 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201524z (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Synthesis of Robust Sandwich-Like SiO2@CdTe@SiO2 Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Cellular Imaging

Chemistry of Materials — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 18:56:23 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2033417 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Transparent, Superhydrophobic Surfaces from One-Step Spin Coating of Hydrophobic Nanoparticles

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 18:45:37 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201750h (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Composition Control and Thermoelectric Properties of Quaternary Chalcogenide Nanocrystals: The Case of Stannite Cu2CdSnSe4

Chemistry of Materials — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:17:32 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2031812 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

High-Voltage, High-Energy Layered-Spinel Composite Cathodes with Superior Cycle Life for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Chemistry of Materials — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:18:40 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2034992 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

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Cooperative Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Diblock Copolythiophene/Fullerene Blends for Photovoltaic Devices with Well-Defined Morphologies and Enhanced Stability

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 21:09:45 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm203706h (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Controlled Fabrication of Core–Shell TiO2/C and TiC/C Nanofibers on Ti Foils and Their Field-Emission Properties

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 20:19:37 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201670y (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

DNA–Silica Mineralization: The Formation of Exceptional Two Dimensional-Square p4mm Symmetry by a Structural Transformation

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:20:28 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm202874w (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

NMR and SAXS Analysis of Connectivity of Aluminum and Silicon Atoms in the Clear Sol Precursor of SSZ-13 Zeolite

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:02:12 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2032515 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Improved Photovoltaic Performance of a Semicrystalline Narrow Bandgap Copolymer Based on 4H-Cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene Donor and Thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole Acceptor Units

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 15:33:16 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm203351t (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

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High-Efficiency Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with Double Interlayer

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:45:00 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201537p (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Minimization of spectral pattern changes during HRMAS experiments at 37 degrees celsius by prior focused microwave irradiation

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 16:50:48 +0100

Conclusion We describe here a successful strategy to minimize spectral pattern changes in mouse Gbm samples using a FMW irradiation system. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10334-012-0303-1Authors Myriam Davila, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, SpainAna Paula Candiota, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, SpainMartí Pumarola, Murine Pathology Unit, Centre de Biotecnologia Animal i Teràpia Gènica (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallè...

Magnetically Triggered Multidrug Release by Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

Chemistry of Materials — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 20:59:05 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm203000u (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Co-electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes of Collagen and Zein for Wound Healing

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 20:50:45 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201669z (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Human keratin hydrogels support fibroblast attachment and proliferation in vitro

Cell and Tissue Research — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:54:30 +0100

Abstract Human hair keratins have a strong potential for development as clinically relevant biomaterials because they are abundant and bioactive and are a realistic source of autologous proteins. Specifically, keratins have the propensity to polymerize in an aqueous environment to form hydrogels. In order to evaluate the suitability of keratin hydrogels as substrates for cell culture, we have fabricated hydrogels using keratins extracted from human hair by inducing polymerization with Ca2+; these hydrogels exhibit highly branched and porous micro-architectures. L929 murine fibroblasts have been used in a preliminary cell culture study to compare the in vitro biocompatibility of the keratin hydrogels with collagen type 1 hydrogels of similar viscoelastic properties. Our resu...

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[Perspective] Materials Science: Creating New Types of Carbon-Based Membranes

Science: Current Issue — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:42:31 +0100

Graphene oxide membranes can show unusually high water permeability, and diamond-like carbon membranes exhibited ultrafast permeation of organic solvents.Author: Donald R. Paul (Source: Science: Current Issue)

Macroporous Supported Cu–V Oxide as a Promising Substitute of the Pt Catalyst for Sulfuric Acid Decomposition in Solar Thermochemical Hydrogen Production

Chemistry of Materials — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 11:26:47 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2031637 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Tantalum Cobalt Nitride Photocatalysts for Water Oxidation under Visible Light

Chemistry of Materials — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 11:26:30 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm203269n (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Solution-Based Synthesis and Low-Temperature Transport Properties of CsBi4Te6

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 20:21:29 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201411g (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

o-Nitrobenzyl Alcohol Derivatives: Opportunities in Polymer and Materials Science

Macromolecules — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 18:49:02 +0100

MacromoleculesDOI: 10.1021/ma201924h (Source: Macromolecules)

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Field-Effect Transistors Based on Thermally Treated Electron Beam-Induced Carbonaceous Patterns

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 15:56:31 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201668v (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Spectroscopic Study of the Photofixation of SO2 on Anatase TiO2 Thin Films and Their Oleophobic Properties

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 15:56:28 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201253y (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

New Water-Repelling Surfaces Avoid the Deadly Perils of Icing [Video]

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 13:44:00 +0100

Joanna Aizenberg's muse is the whole of the natural world. The Harvard University materials scientist takes her inspiration from creatures that suggest engineering of substances in unexpected ways. Ocean creatures in particular have proved inspirational. The brittle star, a relative of the starfish and the sea urchin, has a shell coated with lenses, which may furnish ideas for new types of optical communication systems. There is also the deep-sea sponge with a crown composed of optical fibers. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)

Fabrication, Characterization, and Application of a Composite Adsorbent for Simultaneous Removal of Arsenic and Fluoride

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 19:16:37 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2013322 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Surface Functionalization of Alumina Ceramic Foams with Organic Ligands

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 19:11:50 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201638a (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Inkjet-Printed Gold Electrodes on Paper: Characterization and Functionalization

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 19:11:06 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201609w (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Environmental parameters influence non-viral transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering applications

Cell and Tissue Research — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:12:35 +0100

Abstract Non-viral transfection is a promising technique that could be used to increase the therapeutic potential of stem cells. The purpose of this study was to explore practical culture parameters of relevance in potential human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) clinical and tissue engineering applications, including type of polycationic transfection reagent, N/P ratio and dose of polycation/pDNA polyplexes, cell passage number, cell density and cell proliferation. The non-viral transfection efficiency was significantly influenced by N/P ratio, polyplex dose, cell density and cell passage number. hMSC culture conditions that inhibited cell division also decreased transfection efficiency, suggesting that strategies to promote hMSC proliferation may be useful to enhance transfe...

Thermal Control of Nanostructure and Molecular Network Development in Epoxy-Amine Thermosets

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 14:58:43 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201515y (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

MOF-Derived Hierarchically Porous Carbon with Exceptional Porosity and Hydrogen Storage Capacity

Chemistry of Materials — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 12:25:33 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm202554j (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Book Review

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)

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Rheological Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives as Injectable Materials Toward Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Nucleus pulposus (NP) is the soft center of the intervertebral disc (IVD), able to resist compressive loads, while the annulus fibrosus withstands tension and gives mechanical strength. NP function may be altered as consequence of several pathologies or injury and when a damaged IVD does not properly play its role. In the past years, a great effort has been devoted to the design of injectable systems as NP substitutes. The different synthetic- and natural hydrogel-based materials proposed, present many drawbacks and, in particular, they do not seem to mimic the required behavior. In the search for natural-based systems a dodecylamide of hyaluronic acid (HA), HYADD3®, has been proved as bioactive and suitable vehicle to carry cells for NP tissue engineering, while a crosslinked HA ester...

Development of Conical Soluble Phosphate Glass Fibers for Directional Tissue Growth

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we show that SPG fibers can be manipulated to produce conical shape fibers using graded dissolution. Our result shows that 40 µm fibers of composition ratio 0.5 (P2O5):0.25 (CaO):0.25 (Na2O) and dissolution time of 8–10 h have a mean reduction in fiber diameter of 8.85 ± 2.8 µm over 19.5 mm fiber length, i.e., a mean rate of 0.5 µm/mm (n = 20) change. These conically shaped fibers can also be manipulated and potentially used to promote uniaxial cell–tissue ingrowth for improved innervations and vascularization of tissue engineered constructs. (Source: Journal of Biomaterials Applications)

Biocompatible, Smooth, Plasma-Treated Nickel-Titanium Surface - An Adequate Platform for Cell Growth

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

High nickel content is believed to reduce the number of biomedical applications of nickel–titanium alloy due to the reported toxicity of nickel. The reduction in nickel release and minimized exposure of the cell to nickel can optimize the biocompatibility of the alloy and increase its use in the application where its shape memory effects and pseudoelasticity are particularly useful, e.g., spinal implants. Many treatments have been tried to improve the biocompatibility of Ni–Ti, and results suggest that a native, smooth surface could provide sufficient tolerance, biologically. We hypothesized that the native surface of nickel–titanium supports cell differentiation and insures good biocompatibility. Three types of surface modifications were investigated: thermal oxidation, ...

Biosynthesis of Calcium Hydroxylapatite Coating on Sputtered Ti/TiN Nano Multilayers and their Corrosion Behavior in Simulated Body Solution

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Titanium/titanium nitride (Ti/TiN) nanoscale multilayered films were deposited onto 316L stainless steel substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering using a Ti target. Coatings characterized by X-ray diffraction showed that the stack possesses centered cubic structure. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy survey spectra on the etched surfaces of the stack film on steel exhibited the characteristic Ti2p, N1s, and O1s peaks at the corresponding binding energies 454.5, 397.0, and 530.6 eV, respectively. Platelet adhesion experiments were carried out to examine the interaction between blood and the materials in vitro. The results indicated that the smoothness and lower isoelectric point contribute to better hemocompatibility of the Ti/TiN nanoscale multilayered coating. The biomediated synthes...

Calcium Sulfate Spinal Cord Scaffold: A Study on Degradation and Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Loading and Release

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Currently, there is no regenerative strategy for the spinal cord that is part of clinical standard of core. Current paths usually include combinations of scaffold materials and active molecules. In a recent study, a permanent dental resin scaffold for treatment of spinal cord injury was designed. The results from studies on rats were promising. However, for potential clinical use, a biodegradable scaffold material that facilitates drug delivery and the regeneration of the spinal cord needs to be developed. Also a biodegradable material is expected to allow a better evaluation of the efficacy of the surgical method. In this article, the suitability of hardened calcium sulfate cement (CSC) for use as degradable spinal cord scaffolds is investigated in bench studies and in vitro studies. Comp...

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Efficacy of Self-assembled Hydrogels Composed of Positively or Negatively Charged Peptides as Scaffolds for Cell Culture

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

KASEA16(+) and KASEA16(–) peptides, the net charges of which are positive and negative, respectively, under a neutral condition could undergo self-assembly into nanofibers and form transparent hydrogels without peptide aggregation upon rapid pH neutralization. The numbers of NIH3T3 cells attached to the KASEA16(+) hydrogel and KASEA16(–) hydrogel were similar, and cells proliferated with time on both hydrogels. Cells on the KASEA16(+) hydrogel had spindle-like morphology, while cells on the KASEA16(–) hydrogel formed clusters without extending cytoplasmic processes. Comparison of differently charged peptides under a neutral condition suggested that the charges of the scaffolds should be taken into consideration for the best design and selection of scaffolds for cell cultu...

Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Bioactivity of Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 Bioceramic

Journal of Biomaterials Applications — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Pure Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 bioceramic was first prepared by a sol–gel method using triethyl phosphate, tetraethoxysilane, and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as original materials. Simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion tests revealed that Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 samples had a greater in vitro apatite-forming ability than hydroxyapatite (HA). After soaking Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 samples in the SBF for 1 day, bone-like apatite precipitated on the surfaces and the apatite layer became thicker with increasing the soaking time. However, few bone-like apatites precipitated on the HA samples even after soaking in the SBF for 7 days. The good in vitro bioactivity of Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 samples was attributed to the silanol (Si-OH) groups and greater solubility of Ca5(PO4)2SiO4. In addition, hot-pressed Ca5(PO4)2SiO4 ceramic exh...

MgO-Doped Tantalum Coating on Ti: Microstructural Study and Biocompatibility Evaluation

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 20:47:54 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201365e (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Effect of Host–Guest Interactions on the Cloud Points of Neutral Thermosensitive Homopolymers: Poly(N-n-propylmethacrylamide) and Polymers with Similar Structures

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 20:04:59 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201604y (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Luminescent, Freestanding Composite Films of Au15 for Specific Metal Ion Sensing

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 20:01:42 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201292a (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Solvent-Adoptable Polymer Ni/NiCo Alloy Nanochains: Highly Active and Versatile Catalysts for Various Organic Reactions in both Aqueous and Nonaqueous Media

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:39:16 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201549a (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Crystalline Transformation of Colloidal Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 14:42:34 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201666q (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Synthesis of Nestlike ZnO Hierarchically Porous Structures and Analysis of Their Gas Sensing Properties

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 14:41:43 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201476b (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Hard and Glossy-Colored Films Composed of Micropatterned Organic Dots and Electrodeposited Honeycomb-Shaped Nickel Walls

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:30:10 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2016552 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Hierarchical Top-Porous/Bottom-Tubular TiO2 Nanostructures Decorated with Pd Nanoparticles for Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Decomposition of Synergistic Pollutants

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:29:32 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201630s (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Modulating Contact Angle Hysteresis To Direct Fluid Droplets along a Homogenous Surface

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:29:00 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201557k (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Glycotechnology for Decontamination of Biological Agents: A Model Study Using Ricin and Biotin-Tagged Synthetic Glycopolymers

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:27:44 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201493q (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

The degradation and biocompatibility of pH-sensitive biodegradable polyurethanes for intracellular multifunctional antitumor drug delivery.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:01:23 +0100

Authors: Zhou L, Liang D, He X, Li J, Tan H, Li J, Fu Q, Gu Q Abstract To obtain controllable stepwise biodegradable polymer for multifunctional antitumor drug carriers, pH-sensitive biodegradable polyurethanes were firstly synthesized using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and pH-sensitive poly(ε-caprolactone)-hydrazone-poly(ethylene glycol)-hydrazone-poly(ε-caprolactone) macrodiol (PCLH) as soft segment; l-lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate (LDI), l-lysine derivative tripeptide and 1,4-butandiol (BDO) as hard segment; and hydrazone-linked methoxyl-poly(ethylene glycol)(m-PEG-Hyd) as end-capper. Then, an extensive degradation process of the prepared pH-sensitive polyurethanes was investigated in vitro with proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra ((1)H NMR), gel permeation chromatogra...

Reconstruction of 3D stacked hepatocyte tissues using degradable, microporous poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) membranes.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:01:10 +0100

Authors: Kasuya J, Sudo R, Tamogami R, Masuda G, Mitaka T, Ikeda M, Tanishita K Abstract There is great demand for constructing well-organized three-dimensional (3D) tissues in vitro. Here, we developed a 3D stacked culture method using biodegradable poly(d,l-lactide-co- glycolide) (PLGA) membranes with defined topography. Pore size and porosity of the membranes can be controlled by changing the moisture content during fabrication. The optimized membrane served as a scaffold to manipulate small hepatocyte (SH) layers when they were stacked, while it degraded after stacking, resulting in the reorganization of the cells into a 3D stacked structure. Immunofluorescent staining for domain markers of cell polarity and electron microscopy confirmed that the cells in the 3D stacked struct...

Silk protein fibroin from Antheraea mylitta for cardiac tissue engineering.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:00:58 +0100

In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that A. mylitta silk fibroin 3D scaffolds are suitable for the engineering of cardiac patches. PMID: 22240510 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biomaterials)

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Phosphorescent nanoparticles for quantitative measurements of oxygen profiles in vitro and in vivo.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:00:45 +0100

We present the development and characterization of nanoparticles loaded with a custom phosphor; we exploit these nanoparticles to perform quantitative measurements of the concentration of oxygen within three-dimensional (3-D) tissue cultures in vitro and blood vessels in vivo. We synthesized a customized ruthenium (Ru)-phosphor and incorporated it into polymeric nanoparticles via self-assembly. We demonstrate that the encapsulated phosphor is non-toxic with and without illumination. We evaluated two distinct modes of employing the phosphorescent nanoparticles for the measurement of concentrations of oxygen: 1) in vitro, in a 3-D microfluidic tumor model via ratiometric measurements of intensity with an oxygen-insensitive fluorophore as a reference, and 2) in vivo, in mouse vasculature ...

Multifunctional QD-based co-delivery of siRNA and doxorubicin to HeLa cells for reversal of multidrug resistance and real-time tracking.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:00:33 +0100

In this study, two CdSe/ZnSe QDs modified with β-CD coupled to L-Arg or L-His were used to simultaneously deliver doxorubicin (Dox) and siRNA targeting the MDR1 gene to reverse the multidrug resistance of HeLa cells. In this co-delivery system, Dox was firstly encapsulated into the hydrophobic cavities of β-CD, resulting in bypass of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated drug efflux. After complex formation of the mdr1 siRNA with Dox-loaded QDs via electrostatic interaction, significant down-regulation of mdr1 mRNA levels and P-gp expression was achieved as shown by RT-PCR and Western blotting experiments, respectively. The number of apoptotic HeLa cells after treatment with the complexes substantially exceeded the number of apoptotic cells induced by free Dox only. The intrinsic fluorescence o...

Protease inhibition and absorption enhancement by functional nanoparticles for effective oral insulin delivery.

Biomaterials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 13:00:21 +0100

This study attempts to incorporate these benefits of DTPA in functional nanoparticles (NPs) for oral insulin delivery. To maintain the complexing agent concentrated on the intestinal mucosal surface, where the paracellular permeation enhancement and enzyme inhibition are required, DTPA was covalently conjugated on poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γPGA). The functional NPs were prepared by mixing cationic chitosan (CS) with anionic γPGA-DTPA conjugate. The γPGA-DTPA conjugate inhibited the intestinal proteases substantially, and produced a transient and reversible enhancement of paracellular permeability. The prepared NPs were pH-responsive; with an increasing pH, CS/γPGA-DTPA NPs swelled gradually and disintegrated at a pH value above 7.0. Additionally, the biodistribution of insulin orally del...

Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of FePt@MnO Nano-heteroparticles

Chemistry of Materials — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 11:52:27 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2030685 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Electrochromic Behavior of WxSiyOz Thin Films Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering at Normal and Glancing Angles

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:05:37 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2014629 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Bimagnetic CoO Core/CoFe2O4 Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Magnetic Properties

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 19:50:20 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2028959 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Enhancement of Visible-Light Photocatalysis by Coupling with Narrow-Band-Gap Semiconductor: A Case Study on Bi2S3/Bi2WO6

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 19:33:34 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2017199 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Controlling the Microadsorption Structure of Porphyrin Dye Assembly on Clay Surfaces Using the “Size-Matching Rule” for Constructing an Efficient Energy Transfer System

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 14:07:37 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201465a (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

A Turn-on Fluorescent Sensor for Pyrophosphate Based on the Disassembly of Cu2+-Mediated Perylene Diimide Aggregates

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:48:23 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201616r (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Drop Detachment and Motion on Fuel Cell Electrode Materials

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:47:44 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201408t (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Coatings Capable of Germinating and Neutralizing Bacillus anthracis Endospores

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:46:53 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201362u (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Oligoethylene-Glycol-Functionalized Polyoxythiophenes for Cell Engineering: Syntheses, Characterizations, and Cell Compatibilities

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:46:09 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2012905 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped MnO/Graphene Nanosheets Hybrid Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 13:45:20 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201173z (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Ultrathin MgO Coating of Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoparticles by Combined Coprecipitation and Sol–Gel Synthesis

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 12:33:41 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm202306z (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

High Temperature Decomposition of Cerium Precursors To Form Ceria Nanocrystal Libraries for Biological Applications

Chemistry of Materials — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 12:33:07 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm200863q (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

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Ionic liquid-modified materials for solid-phase extraction and separation: A review.

Analytica Chimica Acta — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 01:13:57 +0100

Authors: Vidal L, Riekkola ML, Canals A Abstract In recent years, materials science has propelled to the research forefront. Ionic liquids with unique and fascinating properties have also left their footprints to the developments of materials science during the last years. In this review we highlight some of their recent advances and provide an overview at the current status of ionic liquid-modified materials applied in solid-phase extraction, liquid and gas chromatography and capillary electrochromatography with reference to recent applications. In addition, the potential of ionic liquids in the modification of capillary inner wall in capillary electrophoresis is demonstrated. The main target material modified with ionic liquids is silica, but polymers and monoliths have recently ...

Cervical Disc Herniation Causing Brown-Séquard's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

We describe a rare case of multilevel cervical disc herniation presenting as BSS. The condition was confirmed by MRI scan. Cervical corpectomy, decompression, and fusion gave a satisfying result. Pertinent literature has been reviewed. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

NF-κB and Matrix-Dependent Regulation of Osteopontin Promoter Activity in Allylamine-Activated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

Repeated cycles of oxidative injury by allylamine in vivo induce a proliferative rat vascular (aortic) smooth muscle cell (vSMC) phenotype characterized by matrix-dependent enhancement of mitogenic sensitivity, changes in cell surface integrin expression, and osteopontin (opn) overexpression. Here, we show that constitutive and mitogen-stimulated NF-κB DNA binding activity is enhanced in allylamine vSMCs. Matrix-specific changes in cellular Rel protein expression were observed in allylamine vSMCs. The NF-κB DNA binding element located at −1943 in the 5′-UTR strongly inhibited opn promoter activity in allylamine vSMCs, and this response was regulated by the extracellular matrix. Constitutive increases in opn promoter activity were only seen when allylamine cells were seeded on a...

Evaluation of the Effect of Water on Three Different Light Cured Composite Restorative Materials Stored in Water: An In Vitro Study

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

Conclusion. All the composite restorative material absorbs some amount of water. The water absorption of the composite may decrease the physical and mechanical properties of the composites; hence it is necessary to consider the type of the material before starting the treatment. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

Inhibitory Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction from the Bark of Acacia mearnsii on Itching Associated with Allergic Dermatitis

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

We examined the inhibitory effect of polyphenol-rich aqueous extract from the bark of Acacia mearnsii (PrA) on itching associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). HR-1 mice were fed a normal diet, special diet (AD group), or special diet containing 3% PrA (PrA group) for 6 weeks. In the AD group, itching frequency and transepidermal water loss increased compared to the control group. In the PrA group, an improvement in atopic dermatitis symptoms was observed. Ceramide expression in the skin decreased in the AD group compared to the control group, but no decrease was observed in the PrA group. mRNA expression of ceramidase decreased in the PrA group compared to the AD group. The results of this study have revealed that PrA inhibits itching in atopic dermatitis by preventing the skin from dr...

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An Unusual Case of Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

A 10-year-old boy presented with a 3-day history of worsening abdominal pain, fever, emesis and melena. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a right upper quadrant mass that was confirmed by computed tomography angiogram (CTA), which showed an 8 cm well-defined retroperitoneal vascular mass. 123Iodine metaiodobenzylguanidine (123MIBG) scan indicated uptake only in the abdominal mass. Subsequent biopsy revealed a paraganglioma that was treated with chemotherapy. This case represents an unusual presentation of a paraganglioma associated with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and highlights the utility of CTA and 123MIBG in evaluation and treatment. (Source: Journal of Nanomaterials)

Mutagenesis as a Tool in Plant Genetics, Functional Genomics, and Breeding

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

Plant mutagenesis is rapidly coming of age in the aftermath of recent developments in high-resolution molecular and biochemical techniques. By combining the high variation of mutagenised populations with novel screening methods, traits that are almost impossible to identify by conventional breeding are now being developed and characterised at the molecular level. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various techniques and workflows available to researchers today in the field of molecular breeding, and how these tools complement the ones already used in traditional breeding. Both genetic (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes; TILLING) and phenotypic screens are evaluated. Finally, different ways of bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype are discussed. (Source: ...

Unilateral NMR: a Noninvasive Tool for Monitoring In Situ the Effectiveness of Intervention to Reduce the Capillary Raise of Water in an Ancient Deteriorated Wall Painting

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

Portable unilateral NMR was used to quantitatively map in a fully noninvasive way the moisture distribution in an ancient deteriorated wall painting before and after an intervention to reduce the capillary raise of water through the wall. Maps obtained at a depth of 0.5 cm clearly showed the path of the capillary raise and indicated that, after the intervention, the moisture level was reduced. Maps obtained by measuring the first layers of the wall painting were affected by the critical environmental conditions of the second hypogeous level of St. Clement Basilica, Rome, and by the presence of salts efflorescence and encrustations on the surface of the wall painting. The morphology and the elemental composition of salts investigated by SEM-EDS indicated that efflorescences and encru...

Cranial Osteology of Meiglyptini (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae)

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

The Meiglyptini comprise eight species grouped into three genera: Meiglyptes and Mulleripicus, with three species each, and Hemicircus, with two species. The aim of the present study was to describe the cranial osteology of six species and three genera of Meiglyptini and to compare them to each other, as well as with other species of woodpeckers and other bird groups. The cranial osteology varied among the investigated species, but the most markedly distinct characteristics were: (1) a frontal overhang is only observed in the middle portion of the frontale of H. concretus; (2) the Proc. zygomaticus and suprameaticus are thick and long in species of the genus Mulleripicus, but short in other species; (3) the Pes pterygoidei is relatively larger in species of the genus Mulleripicus, while it...

Gas-Purged Headspace Liquid Phase Microextraction System for Determination of Volatile and Semivolatile Analytes

Journal of Nanomaterials — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 16:10:59 +0100

In order to achieve rapid, automatic, and efficient extraction for trace chemicals from samples, a system of gas-purged headspace liquid phase microextraction (GP-HS-LPME) has been researched and developed based on the original HS-LPME technique. In this system, semiconductor condenser and heater, whose refrigerating and heating temperatures were controlled by microcontroller, were designed to cool the extraction solvent and to heat the sample, respectively. Besides, inert gas, whose gas flow rate was adjusted by mass flow controller, was continuously introduced into and discharged from the system. Under optimized parameters, extraction experiments were performed, respectively, using GP-HS-LPME system and original HS-LPME technique for enriching volatile and semivolatile target compounds f...

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Materials Science: A Layer-by-Layer Amplifier

Editors' Choice — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 17:26:18 +0100

A number of biological specimens, such as butterfly wings or diatom frustules, have been used as templates for making optical, catalytic, or electrical materials. This requires a process that conformally … [Read more] (Source: Editors' Choice)

Materials Science: Carnivorous Cloth

Editors' Choice — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 17:26:18 +0100

The surface of most objects exposed to the environment eventually becomes colonized by living microrganisms, which may have a variety of, but not necessarily malign, effects. For example, edible molds … [Read more] (Source: Editors' Choice)

Editors' Choice

Science: Current Issue — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 17:26:17 +0100

Ecology: Not Extinct After All? | Materials Science: Carnivorous Cloth | Cell Biology: Gained in the Translation | Climate Science: How Wet Will It Get? | Education: Physical Meets Virtual | Biotechnology: Watching DNA Charge Ahead | Materials Science: A Layer-by-Layer Amplifier (Source: Science: Current Issue)

Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Novel Monoadducts and Bisadducts Based on Amide Methanofullerene

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:29:33 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2016975 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Chemical Vapor Deposition of Highly Adherent Diamond Coatings onto Co-Cemented Tungsten Carbides Irradiated by High Power Diode Laser

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 15:59:38 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am2012992 (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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Highly Fluorescent Fluoride-Responsive Hydrogels Embedded with CdTe Quantum Dots

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 15:59:17 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201624u (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Tailoring Impact Toughness of Poly(l-lactide)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLLA/PCL) Blends by Controlling Crystallization of PLLA Matrix

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 15:58:14 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201564f (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Mesoporous Hydrophobic Polymeric Organic Frameworks with Bound Surfactants. Selective Adsorption of C2H6 versus CH4

Chemistry of Materials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 19:49:20 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm202578k (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Oxygen-Deficient TiO2−δ Nanoparticles via Hydrogen Reduction for High Rate Capability Lithium Batteries

Chemistry of Materials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 19:42:12 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2031009 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Synthesis of Multifunctional Nanostructured Zinc–Iron Mixed Oxide Photocatalyst by a Simple Solution-Combustion Technique

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 18:25:10 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201326b (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

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High-Performance, Single-Layer Antireflective Optical Coatings Comprising Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 18:08:22 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201494m (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Complex Samples Cyanide Detection with Immobilized Corrinoids

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 18:07:00 +0100

ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesDOI: 10.1021/am201357u (Source: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)

Solution-Processed Graphite Membrane from Reassembled Graphene Oxide

Chemistry of Materials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:48:16 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm2033838 (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

Synthesis of Monodisperse Polystyrene@Vinyl-SiO2 Core–Shell Particles and Hollow SiO2 Spheres

Chemistry of Materials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:48:16 +0100

Chemistry of MaterialsDOI: 10.1021/cm203099m (Source: Chemistry of Materials)

A Simpler Method for Predicting Weight Loss in the First Year after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass