MedWorm: Nanotechnology Top 20

RNA quantification using gold nanoprobes - application to cancer diagnostics

Journal of Nanobiotechnology — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Molecular nanodiagnostics applied to cancer may provide rapid and sensitive detection of cancer related molecular alterations, which would enable early detection even when those alterations occur only in a small percentage of cells. The use of gold nanoparticles derivatized with thiol modified oligonucleotides (Au-nanoprobes) for the detection of specific nucleic acid targets has been gaining momentum as an alternative to more traditional methodologies. Here, we present an Au-nanoparticles based approach for the molecular recognition and quantification of the BCR-ABL fusion transcript (mRNA), which is responsible for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and to the best of our knowledge it is the first time quantification of a specific mRNA directly in cancer cells is reported. This inexpensive ...

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Nanoparticle detection of respiratory infection

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Respiratory viruses are a constant concern for all demographics. Examples include established viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the leading cause of respiratory infection in infants and young children, and emerging viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which reached near pandemic levels in 2003, or H1N1 (swine) influenza. Despite this prevalence, traditional methods of virus detection are typically labor intensive and require several days to successfully confirm infection. Recently, however, nanoparticle-based detection strategies have been employed in an effort to develop detection assays that are both sensitive and expedient. Each of these platforms capitalizes on the unique properties of nanoparticles for the detection of respiratory viruses. In this...

Quantum dots highlight tumour heterogeneity

Nanotechweb.org journal highlights — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 18:20:06 +0100

Sensitive and specific test reveals differences among individual breast-cancer cells (Source: Nanotechweb.org journal highlights)

Multifunctional Oval-Shaped Gold-Nanoparticle-Based Selective Detection of Breast Cancer Cells Using Simple Colorimetric and Highly Sensitive Two-Photon Scattering Assay

ACS Nano — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 21:10:07 +0100

ACS Nano, Volume 0, Issue 0, Articles ASAP (As Soon As Publishable). (Source: ACS Nano)

Cyto-friendly system for targeted cancer imaging

Nanotechweb.org journal highlights — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 17:09:54 +0100

Fluorescent gold nanoclusters detect and illuminate specific cancer cells (Source: Nanotechweb.org journal highlights)

Targeting nanomedicines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: focus on certolizumab pegol

International Journal of Nanomedicine — Thu, 22 May 2008 16:54:23 +0100

Theresa Barnes, Robert MootsAcademic Rheumatology, University of Liverpool, UKAbstract: Anti-TNFα therapy has revolutionized the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. These drugs are powerful and expensive. A new anti-TNFα agent, a nanomolecule comprising a humanized Fab' antibody fragment against TNFα with a polyethylene glycol tail, is shortly to complete phase III trials in RA. In this review we will discuss the construct of this new molecule, data from trials so far, and its potential place in the market place.Keywords: certolizumab pegol, TNFα, rheumatoid arthritis, nanomolecule (Source: International Journal of Nanomedicine)

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Nanoscale Memristor Device as Synapse in Neuromorphic Systems.

Nano Letters — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jo SH, Chang T, Ebong I, Bhadviya BB, Mazumder P, Lu W A memristor is a two-terminal electronic device whose conductance can be precisely modulated by charge or flux through it. Here we experimentally demonstrate a nanoscale silicon-based memristor device and show that a hybrid system composed of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor neurons and memristor synapses can support important synaptic functions such as spike timing dependent plasticity. Using memristors as synapses in neuromorphic circuits can potentially offer both high connectivity and high density required for efficient computing. PMID: 20192230 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nano Letters)

Water Transport with a Carbon Nanotube Pump

ACS Nano — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:00:35 +0100

ACS Nano, Volume 0, Issue 0, Articles ASAP (As Soon As Publishable). (Source: ACS Nano)

Can graphene set new standards?

Nature Nanotechnology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 18:57:05 +0100

Authors: Wilfrid Poirier & Félicien Schopfer Very accurate measurements of the quantum Hall effect with massless particles in single sheets of carbon atoms could help metrologists in their efforts to improve the standard for electrical resistance, and possibly even redefine the kilogram. (Source: Nature Nanotechnology)

Mass appeal

Nature Nanotechnology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 18:57:05 +0100

Nature Nanotechnology 5, 167 (2010). doi:10.1038/nnano.2010.52 Graphene could one day be involved in a new definition of the kilogram. (Source: Nature Nanotechnology)

Validating Radiation Sterilization for medical device industries

Nanotechweb.org Events — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 17:02:43 +0100

Conference: 9 Mar 2010, Online Webinar, DE, United States. Organized by GlobalCompliancePanel. (Source: Nanotechweb.org Events)

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Inexpensive, universal serial bus-powered and fully portable lab-on-a-chip-based capillary electrophoresis instrument

IET Nanobiotechnology — Sat, 14 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Capillary electrophoresis is a cornerstone of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) implementations for medical diagnostics. However, the infrastructure needed to operate electrophoretic LOC implementations tends to be large and expensive, hindering the development of portable or low-cost systems. A custom-designed and highly integrated microelectronic chip for high-voltage generation switching and interfacing is recently developed. Here, the authors integrate the microelectronic chip with a microfluidic chip, a solid-state laser, filter, lens and several dollars worth of electronic components to form an inexpensive and portable platform, which is the size of a mobile telephone. This compact system has such reduced power requirements that the complete platform can be operated using a universal serial bus li...

Modeling Light Reflection from Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 16:37:11 +0100

(Source: Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience)

Performance analysis and comparison of a minimum interconnections direct storage model with traditional neural bidirectional memories

IET Nanobiotechnology — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 16:37:47 +0100

This study proposes an efficient and improved model of a direct storage bidirectional memory, improved bidirectional associative memory (IBAM), and emphasises the use of nanotechnology for efficient implementation of such large-scale neural network structures at a considerable lower cost reduced complexity, and less area required for implementation. This memory model directly stores the X and Y associated sets of M bipolar binary vectors in the form of (M X Nx) and (M X Ny) memory matrices, requires O(N ) or about 30% of interconnections with weight strength ranging between ±1, and is computationally very efficient as compared to sequential, intraconnected and other bidirectional associative memory (BAM) models of outer-product type that require O(N 2) complex interconnections with...

Effects of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) as a co-emulsifier on the preparation and hypoglycaemic activity of insulin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles

IET Nanobiotechnology — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 16:37:47 +0100

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was used as a co-emulsifier in the preparation of insulin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with hydrogenated castor oil as lipid matrix and lecithin as surfactant by doubleemulsion technique. The effects of PLGA on the preparation and hypoglycaemic activity of insulin-loaded SLN were studied. The results showed that with the supplement of PLGA, the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were increased significantly from 79.08±1.62 to 85.57±3.21% and 1.58±0.03 to 1.71±0.06%, whereas the surface charge and particle size were changed insignificantly from -25.87±2.65 to -22.67±1.19 mv and 431.0±16.1 to 397.0±68.0 nm, respectively. In vivo studies demonstrated that PLGA increased t...

Excess Dissipation in a Single-Electron Box: The Sisyphus Resistance.

Nano Letters — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We present measurements of the ac response of a single-electron box (SEB). We apply a radio frequency signal with a frequency larger than the tunneling rate and drive the system out of equilibrium. We observe much more dissipation in the SEB then one would expect from a simple circuit model. We can explain this in terms of a mechanism that we call the Sisyphus resistance. The Sisyphus resistance has a strong gate dependence which can be used for electrometery applications. PMID: 20155965 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nano Letters)

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Patterned Multiplex Pathogen DNA Detection by Au Particle-on-Wire SERS Sensor.

Nano Letters — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kang T, Yoo SM, Yoon I, Lee SY, Kim B A Au particle-on-wire system that can be used as a specific, sensitive, and multiplex DNA sensor is developed. A pattern formed by multiple Au nanowire sensors provides positional address and identification for each sensor. By using this system, multiplex sensing of target DNAs was possible in a quantitative manner with a detection limit of 10 pM. Target DNAs from reference bacteria and clinical isolates were successfully identified by this sensor system, enabling diagnostics for infectious diseases. PMID: 20222740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Nano Letters)

Knocking Down Highly-Ordered Large-Scale Nanowire Arrays.

Nano Letters — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pevzner A, Engel Y, Elnathan R, Ducobni T, Ben-Ishai M, Reddy K, Shpaisman N, Tsukernik A, Oksman M, Patolsky F The large-scale assembly of nanowire elements with controlled and uniform orientation and density at spatially well-defined locations on solid substrates presents one of the most significant challenges facing their integration in real-world electronic applications. Here, we present the universal "knocking-down" approach, based on the controlled in-place planarization of nanowire elements, for the formation of large-scale ordered nanowire arrays. The controlled planarization of the nanowires is achieved by the use of an appropriate elastomer-covered rigid-roller device. After being knocked down, each nanowire in the array can be easily addressed electrically, by a sim...

An Elementary Neuro-Morphic Circuit for Visual Motion Detection with Single-Electron Devices Based on Correlation Neural Networks

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience — Fri, 26 Dec 2008 07:58:54 +0100

(Source: Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience)

Nanotubes transport therapeutic boron to cancer cells

Nanotechweb.org journal highlights — Sat, 13 Mar 2010 16:40:23 +0100

Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes evaluated as potential carrier vehicles for BNCT (Source: Nanotechweb.org journal highlights)