MedWorm: OBGYN

Recharge your batteries.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 167DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319106.12970.a1Authors: Verklan, M. Terese PhD, CCNS, RNC (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

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Williams manual of obstetrics: pregnancy complications.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 166DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319105.05346.fdAuthors: Miller, Lisa A. JD, CNM (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

The s[middle dot]t[middle dot]a[middle dot]b[middle dot]l[middle dot]e[middle dot](r) program: postresuscitation/pretransport stabilization care of sick infants.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 159DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319104.05346.b4Authors: Taylor, Renee McCraine MSN, APRN; Price-Douglas, Webra PhD, CRNP, IBCLC (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Making the move: from traditional neonatal education to simulation-based training.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 154DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319103.28217.26Authors: Yaeger, Kimberly A. RN, MEd; Arafeh, Julie M.R. MSN, RN (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Neonatal nursing care issues following a natural disaster: lessons learned from the katrina experience.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 147DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319102.20593.12Authors: Orlando, Susan DNS, APRN, NNP-BC; Bernard, Marirose L. MN, APRN, CNA-BC; Mathews, Pamela BSN, RNC (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Newborn individualized development care and assessment program training and education.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 145DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319101.20593.c9 (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

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Newborn individualized developmental care and assessment program training and education.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 133DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319100.90167.9fAuthors: Lawhon, gretchen PhD, RN; Hedlund, Rodd E. MEd (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Multidisciplinary teamwork approach in labor and delivery and electronic fetal monitoring education: a medical-legal perspective.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 125DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319099.82543.9fAuthors: Collins, Dawn E. RNC, JD (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Shoulder dystocia: using simulation to train providers and teams.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 123DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319098.82543.d6 (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Shoulder dystocia: using simulation to train providers and teams.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 114DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319097.05415.1dAuthors: Fahey, Jenifer O. MSN, MPH, CNM; Mighty, Hugh E. MD (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

In situ simulation: a method of experiential learning to promote safety and team behavior.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 105DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319096.97790.f7Authors: Miller, Kristi K. MS, RN; Riley, William PhD; Davis, Stanley MD; Hansen, Helen E. PhD, RN (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

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Crew resource management in healthcare: the evolution of teamwork training and medteams(r).

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 96DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319095.59673.6cAuthors: McConaughey, Edie MS, CNM (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Selected clinical and teaching resources.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 95DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319094.59673.25Authors: Blackburn, Susan PhD, RN, FAAN (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Best practices in perinatal nursing: risk identification and management of shoulder dystocia.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 91DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319093.52049.bcAuthors: Mahlmeister, Laura R. PhD, RN (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Why would i want to do that?: motivating staff nurses to consider bsn education.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 88DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319092.74920.32Authors: McGrath, Jacqueline M. PhD, RN, NNP, FNAP, FAAN (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Is there a place for the new graduate nurse in labor and delivery?.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Sat, 17 May 2008 14:48:08 +0100

Page: 85DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319091.74920.e9Authors: Van Mullem, Chris MS, RNC; Tillett, Jackie ND, CNM, FACNM (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

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From the editors.

Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing — Fri, 16 May 2008 23:58:55 +0100

Page: 83DOI: 10.1097/01.JPN.0000319090.67296.f1Authors: Arafeh, Julie M.R. MSN, RN, Guest Editor; D'Apolito, Karen PhD, APRN, CNS, NNP, Guest Editor (Source: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing)

Oocyte cytoplasmic abnormalities hamper embryo development

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 16:33:41 +0100

Determining the impact of cytoplasmic and extracytoplasmic abnormalities in oocytes on subsequent blastocyst development and hatching after cryopreservation. (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

Freedom closes the gap.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 16:00:03 +0100

Freedom closes the gap.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):389-90

Authors: Potts M, Campbell M

PMID: 18477485 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Incomplete pregnancy is not associated with breast cancer risk: the california teachers study.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:54 +0100

Incomplete pregnancy is not associated with breast cancer risk: the California Teachers Study.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):391-6

Authors: Henderson KD, Sullivan-Halley J, Reynolds P, Horn-Ross PL, Clarke CA, Chang ET, Neuhausen S, Ursin G, Bernstein L

BACKGROUND: Early studies of incomplete pregnancy and development of breast cancer suggested that induced abortion might increase risk. Several large prospective studies, which eliminate recall bias, did not detect associations, but this relationship continues to be debated. STUDY DESIGN: To further inform this important question, we examined invasive breast cancer as it relates to incomplete pregnancy, including total number of induced abortions, age at first induced abortion and total number of miscarriages among women participating in the ongoing California Teachers Study (CTS) cohort. Incomplete pregnancy was self-reported on the CTS baseline questionnaire in 1995-1996. Incident breast cancers were ascertained in 3324 women through 2004 via linkage with the California Cancer Registry. RESULTS: Using Cox multivariable regression, we found no statistically significant association between any measure of incomplete pregnancy and breast cancer risk among nulliparous or parous women. CONCLUSION: These results provide strong evidence that there is no relationship between incomplete pregnancy and breast cancer risk.

PMID: 18477486 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Determinants of demand: method selection and provider preference among us women seeking abortion services.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:47 +0100

Determinants of demand: method selection and provider preference among US women seeking abortion services.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):397-404

Authors: Shochet T, Trussell J

BACKGROUND: Medication abortion has the potential to increase abortion availability, primarily through new provider networks; however, without a better understanding of how and why women make decisions regarding both their abortion method and their provider, expansion efforts may be misguided and valuable resources may be wasted. STUDY DESIGN: We undertook an exploratory study to investigate method and provider preferences. Semistructured one-on-one interviews were conducted with 205 abortion clients at three family planning clinics. RESULTS: Study participants greatly preferred the clinic setting for their abortion; the majority of women in the study would not have gone to their regular physician if they had been given the option. In addition, method choice trumps provider choice for the majority of women who would have preferred their regular provider. Participants who chose the aspiration procedure were more likely to have previous knowledge about the medication method. Travel time was not a predictor of preferring one's regular physician over the clinic. CONCLUSIONS: Expanding provider networks via the private sector is unlikely to be a panacea. In addition to these efforts, more attention may need to be paid to addressing logistic barriers to access. Physicians offering abortion services need to let their patients know they offer such services prior to their patients' need for them. Questions remain regarding the information being circulated about medication abortion.

PMID: 18477487 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

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Reproductive history, sexual behavior and use of contraception in women with epilepsy.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:38 +0100

Reproductive history, sexual behavior and use of contraception in women with epilepsy.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):405-9

Authors: Davis AR, Pack AM, Kritzer J, Yoon A, Camus A

BACKGROUND: Women with epilepsy experience more pregnancy-related risks than do their healthy peers. Guidelines recommend highly effective contraception. However, their contraceptive practices remain unknown. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study among reproductive-age women (18-44 years) with epilepsy presenting for routine, outpatient visits to an urban, academic medical center. Our questionnaire, in English or Spanish, included demographic characteristics, reproductive history, antiepileptic drug use, sexual behavior and contraception. RESULTS: Participants had a mean age of 32 years (S.D.=8), 32% spoke Spanish and described themselves as Hispanic. Participants reported a wide range of educational attainment, insurance payor and income.About half of the participants reported at least one pregnancy, and 50% of the 181 pregnancies reported were unplanned. Among the 53% who reported intercourse in the last month, 74% used contraception, 15% were pregnant, 5% did not want to use contraception, 3% sought pregnancy and 3% had hysterectomy. Of those using contraception, 53% used highly effective methods (sterilization, intrauterine device, hormonal pill, patch and injection), and 47% used less effective methods (condom, withdrawal, rhythm and spermicide). Among the 21 participants using hormonal methods, six concomitantly took enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs potentially increasing susceptibility to pregnancy. DISCUSSION: In this sample of women with epilepsy about half reported prior pregnancies; 50% were unplanned. Of those using contraception, only 53% used a highly effective method. Future studies should determine generalizability of these findings and explore reasons for inadequate family planning in women with epilepsy.

PMID: 18477488 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Injectable contraception: what should the longest interval be for reinjections?

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:34 +0100

Injectable contraception: what should the longest interval be for reinjections?

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):410-4

Authors: Steiner MJ, Kwok C, Stanback J, Byamugisha JK, Chipato T, Magwali T, Mmiro F, Rugpao S, Sriplienchan S, Morrison C

BACKGROUND: Progestin-only injectable contraceptives continue to gain in popularity, but uncertainty remains about pregnancy risk among women late for reinjection. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a "grace period" of 2 weeks after the scheduled 13-week reinjection. Beyond 2 weeks, however, many providers send late clients home to await menses. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study in Uganda, Zimbabwe and Thailand followed users of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) for up to 24 months. Users were tested for pregnancy at every reinjection, allowing analysis of pregnancy risk among late comers. RESULTS: The analysis consists of 2290 participants contributing 13,608 DMPA intervals. The pregnancy risks per 100 women-years for "on time" [0.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.33-0.92], "2-week grace" (0.0; 95% CI, 0.0-1.88) and "4-week grace" (0.4; 95% CI, 0.01-2.29) injections were low and virtually identical. CONCLUSION: Extending the current WHO grace period for DMPA reinjection from 2 to 4 weeks does not increase pregnancy risk and could increase contraceptive continuation.

PMID: 18477489 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Bleeding patterns with monophasic and triphasic low-dose ethinyl estradiol combined oral contraceptives.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:31 +0100

Bleeding patterns with monophasic and triphasic low-dose ethinyl estradiol combined oral contraceptives.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):415-9

Authors: Hampton RM, Zhang HF, Barnowski C, Wan GJ

BACKGROUND: This retrospective analysis evaluated the association of age and weight with cycle control in women using either of two formulations of low-estrogen-dose oral contraceptives. STUDY DESIGN: Data for this secondary analysis were derived from a randomized multicenter trial assessing the efficacy and safety of norgestimate (NGM) 180/215/250 mcg/ethinyl estradiol (EE) 25 mcg (n=1506) and norethindrone acetate 1 mg/EE 20 mcg (n=1057). In this retrospective analysis, the incidence of breakthrough bleeding/spotting (BTB/S) was evaluated in women stratified by age (18-24, 25-34 and >34 years) and weight (</=123, 124-155 and >155 lb). RESULTS: A lower percentage of women experienced BTB/S with NGM/EE during most cycles, regardless of age or weight, compared with norethindrone acetate/EE. At Cycle 6, the incidences of BTB/S for NGM/EE versus norethindrone acetate/EE were as follows: 18-24 years, 10.9% versus 29.7% (p<.0001); 25-34 years, 10.9% versus 18.6% (p<.001); >34 years, 8.1% versus 19.1% (p<.005); </=123 lb, 11.0% versus 25.4% (p<.0001); 124-155 lb, 10.0% versus 22.5% (p<.0001); and >155 lb, 10.0% versus 18.3% (p<.01). CONCLUSION: NGM/EE provided better cycle control as defined by BTB/S compared with norethindrone acetate/EE, regardless of subject age or weight for six cycles.

PMID: 18477490 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Effects of an oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg dienogest on thyroid hormones and androgen parameters: conventional vs. extended-cycle use.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:24 +0100

Effects of an oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg dienogest on thyroid hormones and androgen parameters: conventional vs. extended-cycle use.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):420-5

Authors: Sänger N, Stahlberg S, Manthey T, Mittmann K, Mellinger U, Lange E, Kuhl H, Wiegratz I

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg dienogest on thyroid hormones and androgen parameters. STUDY DESIGN: Thyroid and androgen parameters were measured in 59 women treated with a monophasic combined oral contraceptive containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg dienogest (EE/DNG) either conventionally (13 cycles with 21 days of treatment+7 days without hormones) or according to an extended-cycle regimen (four extended cycles with 84 days of continuous administration of EE/DNG, followed by a hormone-free interval of 7 days). Blood samples were taken on Days 21-26 of the preceding control cycle and on Days 19-21 of the 3rd and 13th conventional cycle, or on Days 82-84 of the first and fourth extended cycle. RESULTS: At both time points, the serum concentrations of thyroxine-binding globulin were elevated by about 65% in both treatment regimens. Likewise, both groups showed an increase in total triiodothyronine (T3) and total thyroxine (T4) by 30-40%, and no change in free T4. Until the 12th month of conventional treatment, the level of free T3 remained unchanged but decreased slightly during the extended-cycle regimen. In both groups there was a rise of sex hormone-binding globulin by 210-230% after 3 months and by 220-250% after 12 months. The levels of total testosterone were reduced by about 40% and those of free testosterone by 55-65% after 3 and 12 months. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that, during conventional and extended-cycle treatment with EE/DNG, a steady state in the effects on thyroid hormones and androgen parameters was reached within 3 months and that the changes in the various hormonal parameters did not substantially differ between conventional and extended-cycle regimen.

PMID: 18477491 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Comprehensive medical care for victims of sexual assault: a survey of illinois hospital emergency departments.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:20 +0100

Comprehensive medical care for victims of sexual assault: a survey of Illinois hospital emergency departments.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):426-30

Authors: Patel A, Panchal H, Piotrowski ZH, Patel D

BACKGROUND: Sexual assault is a major public health problem affecting 17 million women in the United States. Hospital emergency departments (EDs) are often the primary point of care for these women. We propose the concept of "comprehensive medical care management" (CMCM) at the primary point of care for victims of sexual assault. The objectives of this study were (a) to describe medical care services provided to sexual assault victims presenting at the EDs in Illinois hospitals, and (b) to identify the percentage of hospitals that always provide all 10 elements of CMCM. STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional prevalence study. A 14-item phone survey was administered to 187 eligible EDs in Illinois from July to September 2004. Outcome measures were the percentages of EDs that provide the elements of CMCM: (a) acute medical care; (b) history and physical exam; (c and d) acute and long-term rape crisis counseling; (e and f) prophylactic and therapeutic sexually transmitted infection (STI) management; (g and h) prophylactic and therapeutic HIV management; and (i and j) counseling and provision of emergency contraception. RESULTS: An 83% response rate of eligible emergency rooms provided the following data: while 100% of emergency rooms provide acute medical care upon presentation, two thirds provide rape crises counseling, two thirds provide STI management, 4 of 10 report counseling and provision of emergency contraceptives, and only 28.2% provide HIV management. About 1 in 10 (9.6%) provides all elements of CMCM. CONCLUSION: Although there are recommendations from various medical organizations for all 10 elements of CMCM for victims of sexual assault, very few hospitals provide CMCM. Improvements must be made to provide quality comprehensive care for victims of sexual assault.

PMID: 18477492 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

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Bioavailability of mifepristone in capsule versus tablet form in healthy nonpregnant women.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:17 +0100

Bioavailability of mifepristone in capsule versus tablet form in healthy nonpregnant women.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):431-4

Authors: Liao A, Pang X, Li H, Xiong Z, Wu X

BACKGROUND: The study was conducted to assess the bioavailability of two formulations of mifepristone in capsule and tablet forms at a single dose of 75 mg (half the registered dose in China). STUDY DESIGN: A randomized two-way crossover study was conducted in 18 healthy nonpregnant women. Each subject was orally given a single dose of mifepristone at 75 mg in capsule or tablet form on an alternate basis. Serial blood samples were collected over a period of 96 h and assayed for the plasma concentration of mifepristone by high-performance liquid chromatography. Paired t tests were used to compare the capsule and tablet forms in terms of maximum concentration (C(max)), time to maximum concentration (T(max)) and area under the curve over 96 h (AUC(0-96h)). Relative bioavailability (capsule/tablet) was derived from AUC(0-96h). Bioequivalability was analyzed by two one-sided t tests. RESULTS: The major pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: C(max) values were 1.26+/-0.38 and 1.25+/-0.40 mcg/mL, T(max) values were 0.94+/-0.34 and 0.89+/-0.47 h, T(1/2Ke) values were 36.2+/-21.0 and 33.4+/-12.3 h and AUC((0-96h)) values were 19.7+/-6.4 and 19.6+/-9.9 mcg.h/mL for mifepristone in capsule and tablet forms, respectively. No significant difference was observed among these parameters. The relative bioavailability was 109.4+/-34.8%. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the two formulations of mifepristone are bioequivalent, which provides pharmacokinetic evidence for further reducing the dosage of mifepristone in clinical use.

PMID: 18477493 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Consistent use of a combination product versus a single product in a safety trial of the diaphragm and microbicide in harare, zimbabwe.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:13 +0100

Consistent use of a combination product versus a single product in a safety trial of the diaphragm and microbicide in Harare, Zimbabwe.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):435-43

Authors: van der Straten A, Moore J, Napierala S, Clouse K, Mauck C, Hammond N, Padian N

BACKGROUND: We examined the use and acceptability of a combination product (diaphragm and gel) compared to a single product (gel) during a 6-month safety trial in Zimbabwe. STUDY DESIGN: Women were randomized to the use of a diaphragm with gel or the use of gel alone, in addition to male condoms. Ever use and use of study product on the last act of sexual intercourse were assessed monthly by Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing. Acceptability, correct use and consistent use (use at every sexual act during the previous 3 months) were measured on the last visit by face-to-face interview. Predictors of consistent use were examined using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: In this sample of 117 sexually active, monogamous, contracepting women, rates of consistent use were similar in both groups (59.7% for combination method vs. 56.4% for gel alone). Product acceptability was high, but was not independently associated with consistent use. Independent predictors of consistent use included age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.08; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.01-1.16], consistent condom use (AOR=3.85; 95% CI=1.54-9.63) and having a partner who approves of product use (AOR=2.66; 95% CI=1.10-6.39). CONCLUSIONS: Despite high reported acceptability and few problems with the products, the participants reported only moderate product adherence levels. Consistent use of condoms and consistent use of products were strongly associated. If observed in other studies, this may bias the estimation of product effectiveness in future trials of female-controlled methods.

PMID: 18477494 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Transvaginal sonographic evaluation of subendometrial-myometrial contractility in women using a copper-releasing intrauterine device.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:10 +0100

Transvaginal sonographic evaluation of subendometrial-myometrial contractility in women using a copper-releasing intrauterine device.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):444-6

Authors: Salamanca A, Carrillo MP, Beltrán E, Clavero PA

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a copper-releasing intrauterine device (IUD) on myometrial contractility midway through the menstrual cycle. STUDY DESIGN: Uterine peristalsis was studied midway through the cycle with transvaginal sonography in two groups of women, a control group and women in whom a copper-releasing IUD had been inserted. RESULTS: The results showed that 12 months after insertion, no uterine motility could be detected with sonography in any of the women with an IUD, but motility did occur in all the controls. CONCLUSIONS: Subendometrial-myometrial contractility midway through the menstrual cycle had been abolished in patients with a copper-releasing IUD. The loss of motility may inhibit sperm transport from the cervix to the oviduct and account for at least part of the contraceptive effect of these devices.

PMID: 18477495 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Distribution of a vaginal gel (invisible condom(r)) before, during and after simulated sexual intercourse and its persistence when delivered by two different vaginal applicators: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:07 +0100

Distribution of a vaginal gel (Invisible Condom(R)) before, during and after simulated sexual intercourse and its persistence when delivered by two different vaginal applicators: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):447-55

Authors: Omar RF, Trottier S, Brousseau G, Lamarre A, Alexandre Gagnon , Bergeron MG

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the vaginal distribution of a microbicidal gel (Invisible Condom(R)) before, during and after simulated intercourse using an artificial phallus. The gel was delivered using either a new proprietary vaginal applicator (PVA), which has multiple lateral and apical holes, or a commercial applicator (CA), which has a single apical hole. The persistence of the gel was evaluated up to 24 h after its administration. STUDY DESIGN: Nine women (five women using the PVA and four women using the CA) applied the vaginal gel once, and pelvic images were taken immediately after application. An artificial phallus was inserted and the women had 30 vaginal thrusts, then another set of images was taken while the phallus was still inside the vagina. On exit of the phallus, one more set of images was taken. Images were subsequently taken at 30 min, 2 h, 6 h and 24 h after gel application. RESULTS: Immediately after gel application, the PVA distributed the gel throughout the vaginal/cervical mucosae, while the CA delivered the gel only to the cervical area. During simulated intercourse, the phallus further pushed the gel delivered with the CA into the fornix, whereas it spread the gel delivered with the PVA more evenly throughout the mucosal surface. After simulated intercourse, both applicators gave similar gel distributions between 30 min and 6 h after application. However, at 24 h, using the PVA, only 5% of the gel persisted in the vagina, compared to 40% of the gel using the CA. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Using the new PVA, the Invisible Condom(R) covered the vaginal/cervical mucosae before and during simulated intercourse, offering immediate protection, whereas only the cervical mucosa was covered using the CA. Forty percent of the gel persisted mostly in the upper vaginal/cervical area at 24 h following its administration with the CA, while only 5% of the gel was left using the PVA. The new applicator, with its unique design, ensures an even and immediate coating lasting throughout the first 6 h and could prevent potential microbicide vaginal toxicity at 24 h.

PMID: 18477496 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Chenopodium album seed extract-induced sperm cell death: exploration of a plausible pathway.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:04 +0100

Chenopodium album seed extract-induced sperm cell death: exploration of a plausible pathway.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):456-62

Authors: Kumar S, Chatterjee R, Dolai S, Adak S, Kabir SN, Banerjee S, Mondal NB

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted for to explore the plausible pathway of Chenopodium album seed extract (CAE)-mediated sperm cell death. STUDY DESIGN: The role of CAE for its spermicidal action was assessed by (a) measuring lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content and intracellular glutathione content in CAE exposed sperm cells; (b) assaying antioxidant enzymes like catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD); (c) analyzing protein expressions by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis; (d) fluorimetric measurement of intracellular H(2)O(2) level and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CAE-treated sperm cells; and (e) DNA ladder formation study. RESULTS: CAE-induced sperm death is due to (a) lipid peroxidation of the sperm cell membrane, oxidation of some critical cellular proteins and depletion of intracellular reduced gluthathione, indicating production of ROS; (b) activation of Mn-SOD and inactivation of catalase favoring endogenous accumulation of H(2)O(2); (c) generation of O(2)(-) at an enhanced rate during oxidative stress as evidenced by increased Mn-SOD activity and protein expression; (d) accumulation of ROS in spermatozoa reflected in the fluorimetric experiments; and (e) increased production of O(2)(-) and H(2)O(2) induced apoptosis-like death in sperm cells as observed by DNA ladder formation. CONCLUSION: The sperm death mediated by CAE is due to oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules by in situ generation of ROS.

PMID: 18477497 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

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[in process citation]

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:59:01 +0100

[In Process Citation]

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):463-4

Authors: Ventura-Juncá P, Besio M, Santos M

PMID: 18477498 [PubMed - in process]

(Source: Contraception)

Response to the letter to the editor.

Contraception — Fri, 16 May 2008 15:58:55 +0100

Response to the Letter to the Editor.

Contraception. 2008 Jun;77(6):464-465

Authors: Fraser IS,

PMID: 18477499 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

(Source: Contraception)

Colo. group submits signatures to put proposal that would define fertilized embryo as person on state ballot

Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today — Fri, 16 May 2008 14:00:00 +0100

The group Colorado for Equal Rights submitted 131,245 signatures to place an initiative on the November statewide ballot that would define a fertilized embryo as a person and extend to it rights and protections under the Colorado Constitution, the Denver Post reports. (Source: Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today)

A first in fertility research: the use of dna fingerprinting to identify viable embryos

Fertility News From Medical News Today — Fri, 16 May 2008 07:00:00 +0100

Fertility researchers have used DNA fingerprinting for the first time to identify which embryos have implanted after in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and developed successfully to result in the births of healthy babies. The technique, combined with sampling cells from blastocysts (the very early embryo) before implantation in the womb, opens the way to pin-pointing a handful of genes that could be used to identify those blastocysts most likely to result in a successful pregnancy. (Source: Fertility News From Medical News Today)

Integrating preconception health into public health practice: a tale of three cities

Journal of Women — Fri, 16 May 2008 03:07:43 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-5. ABSTRACT In 2006, the national Select Panel on Preconception Care published a set of 10 recommendations on how to improve preconception health and healthcare in the United States. Since then, CDC has been engaged in efforts to ensure that those ... (Source: Journal of Women)

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Weekly dispatch

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0100

Highlights from this week's Obstetrics and Gynecology news (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

Shbg gene polymorphisms linked to postmenopausal cad

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0100

Examining the relationship between repeat polymorphisms in the SHBG gene promoter and the presence of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

Adjuvant radiation alone 'excellent' for stage ii endometrial cancer

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0100

Investigators review patterns of recurrence for Stage II endometrial cancer in a community practice. (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

High first trimester bmi linked to post-date pregnancy, stillbirth, diabetes

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0100

Investigating the effect of maternal body mass index on post-date pregnancy, length of gestation, and likelihood of spontaneous onset of labor at term. (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

Low hpv uptake linked to personal beliefs and practical barriers

MedWire News - Ob/Gyn — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0100

Estimating rates of human papillomavirus vaccination and factors associated with intention and belief in the ability to receive the vaccine. (Source: MedWire News - Ob/Gyn)

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Liberia: living with fistula

AllAfrica News: Pregnancy and Childbirth — Thu, 15 May 2008 19:24:39 +0100

Of 600 rape victims recently interviewed by a Liberian non-governmental organisation, 90 percent of the women were found to be suffering from fistulas - a vaginal tear which results in loss of bladder control and social stigmatisation. (Source: AllAfrica News: Pregnancy and Childbirth)

Liberia: angie, 'i suffered internal pain, bled profusely and urinated uncontrollably'

AllAfrica News: Pregnancy and Childbirth — Thu, 15 May 2008 19:24:36 +0100

Angie, 23, has been living with a fistula - a tear in the tissue of her vagina that causes her to lose control of her bladder - for almost one year, after suffering a prolonged labour. She recounted for IRIN how she got the fistula and was left isolated and afraid in a remote town in Bong County, central Liberia. (Source: AllAfrica News: Pregnancy and Childbirth)

Bulletinboard

Journal of Women — Thu, 15 May 2008 15:50:16 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-4. (Source: Journal of Women)

Toward optimal health: managing arthritis in women

Journal of Women — Thu, 15 May 2008 15:50:12 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-6. (Source: Journal of Women)

Washington post publishes women's health-related articles

Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today — Thu, 15 May 2008 15:00:00 +0100

The Washington Post on Tuesday in its health section published two women's health-related articles. Summaries appear below. "A Place To Pump: Despite Law, Some Nursing Moms Still Find It Hard To Express Breastmilk at Work": The Post examined the challenges some Washington, D.C. (Source: Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today)

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Kroger matches discounts of other retailers on prescription women's health medications

Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today — Thu, 15 May 2008 14:00:00 +0100

The grocery store chain Kroger on Wednesday will become the latest retail chain to add a number of women's health-related medications to its discount prescription drug program, the Tennessean reports. (Source: Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today)

Relationship between microvascular density and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with ovarian endometriosis

Journal of Women — Thu, 15 May 2008 12:10:00 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-6. ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this investigation was to assess whether a correlation exists among microvascular density (MVD), expression of endothelial growth factor, and pelvic pain in patients with ovarian endometriosis. Methods: Sixty-five patients (... (Source: Journal of Women)

Do antenatal religious and spiritual factors impact the risk of postpartum depressive symptoms?

Journal of Women — Thu, 15 May 2008 12:09:54 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-11. ABSTRACT Objectives: Previous research has identified an inverse relationship between religiosity/spirituality and depressive symptoms. However, prospective studies are needed. This study investigates the association between antenatal religiosity/... (Source: Journal of Women)

Disparities in adult african american women's knowledge of heart attack and stroke symptomatology: an analysis of 2003–2005 behavioral risk factor surveillance survey data

Journal of Women — Thu, 15 May 2008 12:09:49 +0100

Journal of Women's Health , Vol. 0, No. 0: 1-9. ABSTRACT Background: Heart disease and stroke are the first and third leading causes of death of American women, respectively. African American women experience a disproportionate burden of these diseases compared with Caucasian women and are also more ... (Source: Journal of Women)