MedWorm: Psychiatry Top 20

Self-mutilation and suicide attempts: relationships to bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, temperament and character.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 05:10:21 +0100

Conclusions: Self-mutilation and suicide attempts are only partially overlapping behaviours, although both are predicted by mood disorder diagnosis and harm avoidance. Self-mutilation has a particularly strong association with bipolar disorder. Clinicians need to think of bipolar disorder, not borderline personality disorder, when assessing an individual who has a history of self-mutilation. PMID: 20180727 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry)

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Lithium may reduce dementia rate in bipolar disorder

MedWire News - Psychiatry — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Bipolar disorder patients treated with lithium appear to have a reduced rate of dementia compared with patients who receive anticonvulsants, antidepressants, or antipsychotics, the results of a Danish study indicate. (Source: MedWire News - Psychiatry)

Guns and Mental Illness

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The Virginia Tech shootings in April 2007 brought the issue of guns and mental illness very much in the public eye. The U.S. Congress, responding, passed a measure to strengthen existing laws regarding the purchase of firearms by some people with mental illnesses. Speaking about the House bill, National Rifle Association president Wayne LaPierre used language that anyone with any form of mental illness would find extremely offensive - mentally defective. (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

Hallaran's circulating swing

History of Psychiatry — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 16:52:06 +0100

William Saunders Hallaran (c.1765—1825) was physician superintendent at the County and City of Cork Lunatic Asylum for 40 years, where he distinguished between mental insanity and organic (systemic) delirium. In treatment he used emetics and purgatives, digitalis and opium, the shower bath and exercise, and argued that patients should be saved from ‘unavoidable sloth’ by mental as well as manual occupation. However, it is as an exponent of the circulating swing, proposed by Erasmus Darwin and used by Joseph Cox, that he is remembered. His best results were achieved, as he recorded in An Enquiry in 1810, by inducing sleep in mania of recent onset, but perhaps his most enduring observation was that some of his patients enjoyed the rotatory experience, and he had enough sens...

Temper Dysregulation Disorder with Dysphoria

Psych Central — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 22:02:52 +0100

Temper dysregulation disorder with dysphoria is a proposed disorder for the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). It is an attempt by the publishers of the DSM to create a diagnostic category that captures much of the behavior that’s presently being diagnosed as “childhood bipolar disorder.” The criteria for the proposed disorder are: A. The disorder is characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts in response to common stressors. The temper outbursts are manifest verbally and/or behaviorally, such as in the form of verbal rages, or physical aggression towards people or property. The reaction is grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation or provocation. The responses are inconsistent with developmental level. ...

BD depression linked to abnormal amygdala functional connectivity to emotional stimuli

MedWire News - Psychiatry — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 17:08:21 +0100

US researchers suggest that abnormally elevated right amygdala-orbitofrontal cortical functional connectivity to sad stimuli reflects a predisposition to depression in individuals with bipolar disorder. (Source: MedWire News - Psychiatry)

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Clonazepam Side Effects

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

List of clonazepam side effects. Clonazepam - sold under the brand names Klonopin and Rivotril - is an anti-anxiety medication in the benzodiazepine family which may be prescribed to treat a variety of conditions, including the anxiety associated with bipolar disorder. People taking clonazepam should be aware of the potential side effects of this drug. (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

Quetiapine Improves Sleep Disturbance in Acute Bipolar Disorder: A Case Series

Pharmacopsychiatry — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 07:54:04 +0100

PharmacopsychiatryDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1248312© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Pharmacopsychiatry)

Ssri

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor is a class of antidepressant medications. More ... (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

Low-dose quetiapine for patients with dysregulation of hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments

Journal of Psychopharmacology — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 12:53:19 +0100

Patients with hyperthymic and cyclothymic temperaments often develop symptoms that fail to meet diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorders. These patients can be conceived as having bipolar disorder NOS (not otherwise specified), a bipolar spectrum disorder, cyclothymic disorder or cluster B personality traits. Here, we describe four of these patients with mild to moderate symptoms affecting mood, behaviour, emotional reactivity and sleep. Treatment with low-dose quetiapine (25—75 mg/day at night) lead to sustained symptom remission. Two of them were on quetiapine monotherapy. Such low doses occupy a minority of D2 and 5-HT2 receptors, which may nevertheless be of therapeutic value in mild cases. Alternatively, other mechanisms more likely to occur at low doses, such as antagonism of ...

Cortisol

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

What is cortisol? Cortisol is a hormone in the human body that is produced in higher levels during stress. More ... (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

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A Canadian naturalistic study of a community-based cohort treated for bipolar disorder

BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Patients with bipolar disorder requiring treatment intervention for exacerbation of mania in the community setting responded to olanzapine at one month. In a subset analysis, second generation antipsychotic treatment continued to be beneficial in reducing bipolar symptoms at one year. (Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles)

Hypersomnia

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

refers to a set of related disorders characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness. More ... (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

Comorbidity between bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder: Association of dopamine and serotonin gene polymorphisms

Psychiatry Research — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 16:50:17 +0100

Abstract: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness with high prevalence of co-occurring alcohol use disorder. Linkage studies have revealed several candidate genes in the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways which may be associated with both bipolar and alcohol use disorders. We investigated the relationship between polymorphisms in candidate genes and alcohol use disorder comorbidity in bipolar patients. We performed a retrospective study of a genomic database consisting of 278 bipolar disorder patients. Diagnosis of bipolar disorder was according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I). RFLP analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms were performed in dopamine (DRD1, DRD2 and DRD3) and serotonin receptor and transporter genes (5HTTLPR, 5HT1B, 5HT2...

Sleep duration in adolescents of different socioeconomic status

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 17:01:38 +0100

CONCLUSION: Results showed the association between socioeconomic status and adolescents' sleep/wake habits. (Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria)

Intuitive Eating

About.com Bipolar Disorder — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

I hate dieting. I detest counting calories or fat grams or carbs. However, I am quite overweight and diabetic. What is a person to do? Recently, <i>Intuitive Eating: A Revolutionary Program That Works</i> by Evelyn Tribole and Elyse Resch came highly recommended to me. The book has the catch phrase, “Free yourself from chronic dieting forever.” I went back to my office and ordered it. I believe I’ve found the answer to the dieting frustration! (Source: About.com Bipolar Disorder)

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Sleep efficiency and variability important bipolar treatment targets

MedWire News - Bipolar Disorder — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 17:48:56 +0100

Sleep disturbance between episodes of bipolar disorder can affect illness course and may therefore be an important intervention target, say researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Bipolar Disorder)

Reduced density of ADAM 12-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes in the anterior cingulate white matter of patients with schizophrenia.

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 04:40:13 +0100

Conclusions. Although the pathophysiological implications of this finding are currently unknown, it is well conveyable that reduced ADAM12 protein contributes to a deviant metabolism of some of its substrates. These substrates are either parts of important signalling cascades (EGF, betacellulin, TGF-beta) or chemical components of myelin (neurofascin-ankyrin) known to be compromised in schizophrenia. PMID: 20218926 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry)

Bifrontal, bitemporal and right unilateral electrode placement in ECT: randomised trial [PAPERS]

The British Journal of Psychiatry — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 16:01:19 +0100

Conclusions Each electrode placement is a very effective antidepressant treatment when given with appropriate electrical dosing. Bitemporal leads to more rapid symptom reduction and should be considered the preferred placement for urgent clinical situations. The cognitive profile of bifrontal is not substantially different from that of bitemporal. (Source: The British Journal of Psychiatry)

Psychoeducation for bipolar disorder [Articles]

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 16:00:48 +0100

Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder of mood and behaviour that requires a multimodal treatment approach. In the past 10 years there has been growing interest in psychoeducational interventions delivered as adjuncts to conventional management. Several studies have tested the effectiveness of psychoeducational treatments delivered in a variety of formats. In this article we assess the evidence for the efficacy of these interventions and consider the likely future role of structured psychoeducational treatments in clinical practice. (Source: Advances in Psychiatric Treatment)