MedWorm: Research

Drug treatment for marfan syndrome looks promising, johns hopkins researchers say

Johns Hopkins Medicine News — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 07:28:12 +0100

A small study in 18 patients assessing the effectiveness of the drug losartan for treating Marfan syndrome in children has yielded encouraging results. Reporting in the June 26 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine, Johns Hopkins researchers showed that losartan-a compound used for years to treat high blood pressure-slowed the enlargement of the aorta, the most life-threatening defect associated with Marfan syndrome. (Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine News)

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Spiritual effects of hallucinogens persist, johns hopkins researchers report

Johns Hopkins Medicine News — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 07:28:12 +0100

In a follow-up to research showing that psilocybin, a substance contained in "sacred mushrooms," produces substantial spiritual effects, a Johns Hopkins team reports that those beneficial effects appear to last more than a year. (Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine News)

News: nature reviews molecular cell biology focus on lipids

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

Lipids are important signaling molecules in cancer and inflammation, and in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases. A complex protein-lipid signaling network that comprises phosphoinositides, sphingolipids, steroids and other lipid-derived mediators has been uncovered in recent years. This FREE Focus contains research highlights, reviews that provide a snapshot of lipid biology and an accompanying 'Targeting lipid signaling in disease' poster. (Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Research library: mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by rna-seq

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

(Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Research library: a gata6-wnt pathway required for epithelial stem cell development and airway regeneration

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

(Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Research library: rhoa and microtubule dynamics control cell-basement membrane interaction in emt during gastrulation

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

(Source: Nature Signaling Update)

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Selected update: cancer genetics: looking at the big picture

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

A new, large-scale mutagenesis screen in different mouse backgrounds identifies candidate oncogenes and tumor suppressors, and reveals the networks that link them together. (Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Selected update: signalling: survival of the sweetest

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

EGFR promotes cell survival in a kinase-independent fashion by preventing autophagy and maintaining a basal level of intracellular glucose, thus explaining the disappointing response rates to EGFR inhibitors in cancer patients. (Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Selected update: protein degradation: catching ubiquitin

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

The proteasome subunit Rpn13 is a high-affinity receptor for ubiquitin that recognizes its substrates through a novel ubiquitin-binding domain. (Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Featured article: dna damage: atm and damage recovery are joined at the hipk

Nature Signaling Update — Fri, 04 Jul 2008 06:26:39 +0100

The ATM and ATR kinases block Siah-1-mediated ubiquitination of HIPK2 during the DNA damage response. (Source: Nature Signaling Update)

Silvio o. conte centers for basic and translational mental health research (p50)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Program Announcement from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

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Geographic and contextual influences on energy balance-related health behaviors (r21)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Program Announcement from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Geographic and contextual influences on energy balance-related health behaviors (r01)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Program Announcement from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Pediatric critical care scientist development program [pccsdp] (k12)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Measures and determinants of smokeless tobacco use, prevention, and cessation (r21)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Measures and determinants of smokeless tobacco use, prevention, and cessation (r01)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

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Interventions to remediate age-related cognitive decline (r01)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Clarification: support for tl1/t32 postdoctoral trainees at institutional clinical and translational science awards

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Nih implementation of government-wide standard terms and conditions for research grants

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Notice of nih office of rare diseases opportunities for researchers to translate new genetic tests from laboratory to clinical testing: collaboration, education, and test translation (cett) program

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Ahrq policy on submission of additional grant application materials

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

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Corrections and additional information for rfa hl-08-012, nhlbi progenitor cell biology consortium planning awards (r03)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

The dual functions of thiol-based peroxidases in h2o2 scavenging and signaling

Antioxidants — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 13:57:53 +0100

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling Sep 2008, Vol. 10, No. 9: 1565-1576. Thiol-based peroxidases consist of the peroxiredoxins (Prx) and the related glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like enzymes. Their catalytic function is to reduce peroxides by using the reactivity of the cysteine residue, and their presumed primary physiologic ... (Source: Antioxidants)

Epilepsy research uk

RDFunding RSS feed — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 09:47:51 +0100

Fellowship Grant Amount: > £100K Closing Date : 17 October 2008 Project Grants Amount: £50K - £100K Closing Date : 17 October 2008 (Source: RDFunding RSS feed)

Joint dms/nigms initiative to support research in the area of mathematical biology

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 07:24:13 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Novel type of ras effector interaction established between tumour suppressor nore1a and ras switch ii

The EMBO Journal AOP — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Benjamin Stieglitz, Christine Bee, Daniel Schwarz, Ozkan Yildiz, Anna Moshnikova, Andrei Khokhlatchev and Christian Herrmann (Source: The EMBO Journal AOP)

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Mre11[ndash]rad50[ndash]nbs1-dependent processing of dna breaks generates oligonucleotides that stimulate atm activity

The EMBO Journal AOP — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Ali Jazayeri, Alessia Balestrini, Elizabeth Garner, James E Haber and Vincenzo Costanzo (Source: The EMBO Journal AOP)

Early transplantation of human immature dental pulp stem cells from baby teeth to golden retriever muscular dystrophy (grmd) dogs: local or systemic?

Journal of Translational Medicine — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Background: The golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dogs represent the best available animal model for therapeutic trials aiming at the future treatment of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We have obtained a rare litter of six GRMD dogs (3 males and 3 females) born from an affected male and a carrier female which were submitted to a therapeutic trial with adult human stem cells to investigate their capacity to engraft into dogs muscles by local as compared to systemic injection without any immunosuppression. Methods: Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hIDPSC) were transplanted into 4 littermate dogs aged 28 to 40 days by either arterial or muscular injections. Two non-injected dogs were kept as controls. Clinical translation effects were analyzed since immune reactions by blood exams and physical scores capacity of each dog. Samples from biopsies were checked by immunohistochemistry (dystrophin markers) and FISH for human probes. Results and Discussion: We analyzed the cells' ability in respect to migrate, engraftment, and myogenic potential, and the expression of human dystrophin in affected muscles. Additionally, the efficiency of single and consecutive early transplantation was compared. Chimeric muscle fibers were detected by immunofluorescence and fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) using human antibodies and X and Y DNA probes. No signs of immune rejection were observed and these results suggested that hIDPSC cell transplantation may be done without immunosuppression. We showed that hIDPSC presented significant engraftment in GRMD dog muscles, although human dystrophin expression was modest and limited to several muscle fibers. Better clinical condition was also observed in the dog, which received monthly arterial injections and is still clinically stable at 25 months of age. Conclusions: Our data suggested that systemic multiple deliveries seemed more effective than local injections. These findings open important avenues for further researches. (Source: Journal of Translational Medicine)

Acute ethanol exposure attenuates pattern recognition receptor activated macrophage functions

Journal of Interferon — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 03:03:18 +0100

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research , Vol. 0, No. 0: 413-421. Both clinical and experimental data have linked acute ethanol exposure to increased susceptibility to infection as well as increased morbidity and mortality after injury. Macrophages play an integral role in the innate immune system and are important in ... (Source: Journal of Interferon)

Brain cells that control where worms wander identified

Medical Research Council Research News — Thu, 03 Jul 2008 01:17:00 +0100

Research on the patterns of brain activity in Caenorhabditis elegans, the humble nematode worm, has identified how they taste salt and crawl toward high salt concentrations. (Source: Medical Research Council Research News)

Molecular cloning and characterization of chicken interferon-γ receptor α-chain

Journal of Interferon — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:36:13 +0100

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research , Vol. 0, No. 0: 445-453. In this study, a cDNA sequence of Huiyang chicken interferon-γ (IFN-γ) receptor α-chain (chIFNGR-1) gene wasgenerated using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method for the first time. The predicted 422 amino acids showed ∼25%-29% sequence identity ... (Source: Journal of Interferon)

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Administration of porcine interleukin-3 induces increased levels of blood eosinophils

Journal of Interferon — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:36:13 +0100

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research , Vol. 0, No. 0: 435-443. Increasing resistance to anthelmintic drugs indicates a vital need to develop alternative strategies to control helminth infections. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) is a multilineage hematopoietic growth regulator produced by activated T lymphocytes in response to ... (Source: Journal of Interferon)

The effect of continuous versus pericycle antiretroviral therapy on il-2 responsiveness

Journal of Interferon — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:36:12 +0100

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research , Vol. 0, No. 0: 455-461. Background: Intermittent administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to human immunode@ ciency virus (HIV)- infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is capable of inducing significant increases in CD4 T cell counts as a result of increased T cell ... (Source: Journal of Interferon)

Improved scar in postburn patients following interferon-α2b treatment is associated with decreased angiogenesis mediated by vascular endothelial cell growth factor

Journal of Interferon — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:36:12 +0100

Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research , Vol. 0, No. 0: 423-434. Hypertrophic scar (HTS) after thermal injury is a dermal fibroproliferative disorder, which leads to considerable morbidity. Previous clinical studies from our laboratory have suggested that interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) improves scar quality as a result of ... (Source: Journal of Interferon)

Research supplements to promote re-entry into biomedical and behavioral research careers

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Program Announcement from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Research supplements to promote diversity in health-related research

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Program Announcement from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

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Immune defense mechanisms at the mucosa (r21)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Announcement of a pilot for the transition from pureedge to adobe-based sf424 (r and r) grant application forms (rfa-ai-08-020, rfa-de-09-001 and rfa-de-09-002)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Extramural clinical research loan repayment program for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds (lrp-idb): program specific information

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Extramural loan repayment program for clinical researchers (lrp-cr): program specific information

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Extramural loan repayment program for contraception and infertility researchers (lrp-cir): program specific information

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

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Extramural loan repayment program for health disparities research (lrp-hdr): program specific information

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Extramural pediatric research loan repayment program (lrp-pr): program specific information

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Nih extramural loan repayment programs (lrp)

NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 17:00:00 +0100

Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA))

Modulation of early functional recovery of achilles tendon to bone unit after transection by bpc 157 and methylprednisolone

Inflammation Research — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 15:36:38 +0100

Abstract. Objective and design: In the presented study we compared the effect of stable peptide BPC 157 and methylprednisolone on early functional recovery after Achilles tendon to bone transection in a rat model before collagen healing started. Material and methods: Surgical transection of the right Achilles tendon to bone area was performed in seventy two Wistar Albino male rats. Healing Achilles tendon edges were harvested at days 1–4 following the transection. Using Achilles functional index (AFI), myeloperoxidase activity, histological inflammatory cell influx and vascular index early functional recovery was evaluated. Treatment: Agents (stable peptide BPC 157 10μg methylprednisolone 5 mg, normal saline 5 ml) were given alone (/kg b.w., intraperitoneally, once daily, first 30 min after surgery, last 24 h before analysis). Control group received normal saline 5 ml/kg. Results: BPC 157 improved functional recovery (AFI values increased at all time points, p <0.05) by anti-inflammatory (decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and histological inflammatory cell influx, p <0.05) and increased new blood vessel formation (increased vascular index, p <0.05). Methyprednisolone decreased MPO activity and histological inflammatory cell influx, (p <0.05) but also decreased new blood vessel formation and did not affect early functional recovery. Conclusions: Stable peptide BPC 157 with combined anti-inflammatory action and induction of early new blood vessel formation facilitates early functional recovery in Achilles tendon to bone healing. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00011-007-7056-8Authors A. Krivic, University Hospital Center Zagreb Department of Surgery Kispaticeva 12 Zagreb 10000 CroatiaM. Majerovic, University Hospital Center Zagreb Department of Surgery Kispaticeva 12 Zagreb 10000 CroatiaI. Jelic, University Hospital Center Zagreb Department of Cardiac Surgery Kispaticeva 12 Zagreb 10000 CroatiaS. Seiwerth, University of Zagreb Medical School Department of Pathology Salata 13 Zagreb 10000 CroatiaP. Sikiric, University of Zagreb Medical school Department of Pharmacology Salata 11 Zagreb 10000 Croatia Journal Inflammation ResearchOnline ISSN 1420-908XPrint ISSN 1023-3830 Journal Volume Volume 57 Journal Issue Volume 57, Number 5 / May, 2008 (Source: Inflammation Research)

Endothelial pkcδ activation attenuates neutrophil transendothelial migration

Inflammation Research — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 15:36:37 +0100

Abstract. Objective and Design: The process of neutrophil extravasation is involved in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases; however our understanding of the role of endothelial second messengers in the regulation of leukocyte emigration is still incomplete. Materials and Methods: We investigated this using an in vitro model of neutrophil migration across human endothelial cells. Results: Activation of endothelial protein kinase C (PKC) by either phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or bryostatin-1 (a potent PKCδ and ε activator) completely abolished neutrophil migration mediated by either endothelial TNF-α stimulation or LTB4. Pretreatment with Gö-6983 (PKCα, β, δ, inhibitor) prior to addition of bryostatin-1 restored LTB4 induced PMN migration, while pretreatment with Gö-6976 (PKCα and β inhibitor) did not. PKCδ specific siRNA knockdown of PKCδ expression in endothelial cells also restored LTB4 induced PMN migration. In addition, PMA and bryostatin-1 both increased endothelial adhesion to the substratum that was also reversed using PKCδ siRNA knockdown of PKCδ expression. PMA and bryostatin-1 additionally altered the staining pattern of FAK[pY397], paxillin, and vinculin from a dot-like pattern to a dash-like pattern around the cell perimeter. While PMA reduced transendothelial resistance (TER), bryostatin-1 had no effect on TER. Conclusions: These observations show that endothelial PKCδ activation eliminates neutrophil transendothelial migration through a mechanism unrelated to endothelial barrier integrity. These data are consistent with PKCδ mediated increased cell substrate adhesion as a limiting factor for neutrophil transendothelial migration towards a chemoattractant. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00011-007-7031-4Authors A. C. Carpenter, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Molecular and Cellular Physiology Shreveport LA 71130 USAJ. S. Alexander, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Molecular and Cellular Physiology Shreveport LA 71130 USA Journal Inflammation ResearchOnline ISSN 1420-908XPrint ISSN 1023-3830 Journal Volume Volume 57 Journal Issue Volume 57, Number 5 / May, 2008 (Source: Inflammation Research)

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Inhibition of protein kinase c βii downregulates tristetraprolin expression in activated macrophages

Inflammation Research — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 15:36:37 +0100

Abstract. Objective and design: Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a 3’-UTR-binding protein known to destabilize mRNAs of TNFα and some other cytokines and to act as an anti-inflammatory factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of classical protein kinase C isoenzymes (cPKC) in the regulation of TTP expression in activated macrophages. Materials and methods: The expression of TTP in J774 macrophages was induced by a combination of LPS and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). The effects of cPKC inhibitors and the effects of cPKC activation and downregulation by PMA on TTP protein and mRNA expression were determined by Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Also, the effect of PKCβII inhibitor CGP53353 on the activation of transcription factors AP-2, NF-κB, EGR1 and Sp1 was assessed. Results: cPKC inhibitors RO318220, GÖ6976, LY333531 and CGP53353 inhibited LPS and PMA–induced expression of TTP protein and mRNA. Similar effects were obtained when cPKC isoenzymes were downregulated by PMA. In addition, CGP53353 decreased the activation of transcription factor AP-2. Conclusions: The results suggest that cPKCs, most likely PKCβII, upregulate TTP expression in activated macrophages. This regulation is possibly mediated through the activation of transcription factor AP-2, and serves as an additional mechanism how PKCβ regulates the inflammatory process. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00011-007-7122-2Authors T. Leppänen, University of Tampere and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Medical School Tampere FinlandU. Jalonen, University of Tampere and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Medical School Tampere FinlandH. Kankaanranta, University of Tampere and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Medical School Tampere FinlandR. Tuominen, University of Helsinki The Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Helsinki FinlandE. Moilanen, University of Tampere and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Medical School Tampere Finland Journal Inflammation ResearchOnline ISSN 1420-908XPrint ISSN 1023-3830 Journal Volume Volume 57 Journal Issue Volume 57, Number 5 / May, 2008 (Source: Inflammation Research)

Density-dependent shift of transforming growth factor-beta-1 from inhibition to stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell growth is based on unconventional regulation of proliferation, apoptosis and contact inhibition

Journal of Vascular Research — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 15:32:37 +0100

J Vasc Res 2009;46:85-97 (DOI:10.1159/000142612) (Source: Journal of Vascular Research)

Innovation award for toxicology researcher

Medical Research Council Research News — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 10:32:00 +0100

Dr Emma Taylor of the MRC Toxicology Unit at the University of Leicester has won an award for innovation in research from the European Chemical Industry Council. (Source: Medical Research Council Research News)

Survival rates up for people with hiv

Medical Research Council Research News — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 10:29:00 +0100

Study shows death rates in people with HIV are similar to the general population for first five years after infection. (Source: Medical Research Council Research News)