MedWorm: Speech-Language Pathology

Tax-Exemption for Hearing Aids in Health Care Reform Under Fire

ASHA Action Alerts — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Contact your members of Congress today (Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

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Treatment of Chronic Aphasia: International Perspectives

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

Semin Speech Lang 2010; 31: 003-004DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244948© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | FREE: Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

Semin Speech Lang 2010; 31: 001-001DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244947© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | FREE: Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

The Neural Correlates of Semantic Feature Analysis in Chronic Aphasia: Discordant Patterns According to the Etiology

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

Semin Speech Lang 2010; 31: 052-063DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244953ABSTRACTThis event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study reports on the impact of semantic feature analysis (SFA) therapy on the neural substrate sustaining the recovery from severe anomia in two patients: one participant was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) 2 years before this study; the other participant acquired aphasia 8 years before this study. The participant with PPA showed severe progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), the language profile being similar to a Broca's aphasia; the stroke patient presented with Broca's aphasia and a severe apraxia of speech (AOS).[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech ...

Computers in the Treatment of Chronic Aphasia

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

Semin Speech Lang 2010; 31: 034-041DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244951ABSTRACTComputers and related technology can increase the amount of treatment received by adults with chronic aphasia. Computers used in treatment, however, are only valuable to the patient if the intervention is efficacious. Real and potential applications of computer technology are discussed in the context of three roles of computerized aphasia treatment for adults with chronic aphasia. Pertinent studies regarding Phases 1 and 2 are briefly described. The only Phase 3 study of efficacy of computerized aphasia treatment is more fully described and its implications discussed.[...]Published by Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

Outcome of a One-Month Therapy Intensive for Chronic Aphasia: Variable Individual Responses

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

We examined the outcome of a 1-month intensive treatment block for people with chronic aphasia. The selected participants were eight chronically impaired people (mean months post-onset [MPO], 34). We conducted pre- and post-treatment assessments using the English-language version of the Aachen Aphasia Test (EAAT) and the Communicative Effectiveness Index (CETI). The group had significant overall improvement following treatment, which was maintained for 1 month, most significant changes seen on the EAAT were mainly in naming, comprehension, and reading and writing. Improvement was also observed on the CETI. Individual responses to treatment were variable, with some participants making more progress than others. Although the more mildly aphasic participant made most gains overall, the most s...

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Continuing education self-study program

Seminars in Speech and Language — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 17:28:11 +0100

Semin Speech Lang 2010; 31: C1-C8DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244955© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

Erratum to: Minimally Invasive Peroral Endoscopic Removal of a Regurgitated Giant Polysegmented Fibrovascular Polyp of the Esophagus

Dysphagia — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:41:06 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Retraction NoteDOI 10.1007/s00455-010-9277-1Authors László Iván, University of Szeged Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery H-6725 Szeged HungaryAttila Torkos, University of Szeged Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery H-6725 Szeged HungaryRóbert Paczona, University of Szeged Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery H-6725 Szeged HungaryKároly Szentpáli, University of Szeged Department of Surgery Szeged HungaryJózsef Jóri, University of Szeged Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery H-6725 Szeged Hungary Journal DysphagiaOnline ISSN 1432-0460Print ISSN 0179-051X (Source: Dysphagia)

Book reviews

Cognitive Linguistics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:34:11 +0100

Cognitive Linguistics 21 (1): 151-179 (Source: Cognitive Linguistics)

Reviewing imagery in resemblance and non-resemblance metaphors

Cognitive Linguistics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:34:11 +0100

This article analyses the nature of mental imagery in metaphoric thought as envisaged by the contemporary theory of metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics (Lakoff, Cambridge University Press, 1993). Our study of metaphor in the field of marine biology draws on two crucial aspects of mental imagery, namely dynamicity and pervasiveness. Image metaphors and behaviour-based metaphors have generally been regarded as two different types of resemblance metaphor. In our view, the dynamicity of certain mental images highlights inherent similarities between these two types of metaphor, and makes the differences between them more apparent than real. For this reason, we propose a more refined description of resemblance metaphors in terms of the static or dynamic nature of the mental images underlying them....

Magari

Cognitive Linguistics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:34:11 +0100

Cognitive Linguistics 21 (1): 75-121 Abstract We propose a constructionist approach to the polyfunctionality of the Italian focus particle magari (roughly corresponding to ‘maybe’, but also ‘I wish’). The sheer syntactic versatility of this word leads us to detect its formal regularities at the level of discourse configurations. This level of analysis, identified within the French linguistic tradition, is defined by the maintenance of a predicate-argument-adjunct structure in discourse. The salient feature of discourse configurations is their shape, which can be described by referring to a number of topological patterns: lists of elements in the same syntactic position, repetition of syntactic structures, shifting of elements from a post-verbal to a pre-verbal position and so on. T...

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Grammatical weight and relative clause extraposition in English

Cognitive Linguistics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:34:11 +0100

Cognitive Linguistics 21 (1): 35-74 Abstract In relative clause extraposition (RCE) in English, a noun is modified by a non-adjacent RC, resulting in a discontinuous dependency, as in: Three people arrived here yesterday who were from Chicago. Although discourse focus is known to influence the choice of RCE over truth-conditionally equivalent sentences with canonical structure (Rochemont and Culicover, English focus constructions and the theory of grammar, Cambridge University Press, 1990; Takami, A functional constraint on Extraposition from NP, John Benjamins, 1999), Hawkins (Efficiency and complexity in grammars, Oxford University Press, 2004) and Wasow (Postverbal behavior, CSLI Publications, 2002) have proposed in addition that RCE should be preferred when the relative clause is long ...

Evaluation of Swallowing Using 320-detector-row Multislice CT. Part II: Kinematic Analysis of Laryngeal Closure during Normal Swallowing

Dysphagia — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:10:04 +0100

Abstract The purpose of this study was to (1) depict normal dynamic swallowing and (2) measure (a) the temporal characteristics of three components of laryngeal closure, i.e., true vocal cord (TVC) closure, closure of the laryngeal vestibule at the arytenoid to epiglottic base, and epiglottic inversion, and (b) the temporal relationship between these levels of laryngeal closure and other swallowing events, hyoid elevation, and the pharyngoesophageal segment (PES) using 320-detector-row multislice computed tomography (320-MSCT). The swallowing of a 10-ml portion of honey-thick liquid (5% w/v) was examined in six healthy volunteers placed in a 45° reclining position. Three-dimensional CT images were created in 29 phases at an interval of 0.10 s over a 2.90-s duration. ...

The Validation of the Chinese Version of the Swallow Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) Using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Dysphagia — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:10:04 +0100

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Swallow Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (CSWAL-QOL) validated in the Hong Kong Chinese-speaking population. With convenience sampling, a cross-sectional survey was launched to evaluate the validity and reliability of the CSWAL-QOL. One hundred subjects with swallowing problems were recruited to evaluate the construct validity and internal consistency, and 20 subjects were recruited for the test–retest reliability. Construct validity was validated through factor analysis (both exploratory and confirmatory) and a correlation study between the CSWAL-QOL and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Questionnaire—abbreviated version [WHOQOL-BREF (HK)]. Reliability was est...

Unusual Location of Primary Hydatid Cyst: Soft Tissue Mass in the Parapharyngeal Region

Dysphagia — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:10:03 +0100

We report the case of a 17-year-old male patient presenting with a hydatid cyst in the parapharyngeal and neck region. There was no pulmonary or hepatic involvement. The definitive therapy comprised excision of the cystic mass and postoperative medical treatment. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00455-010-9278-0Authors Emin Karaman, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University Department of Otorhinolaryngology Istanbul TurkeyMehmet Yilmaz, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University Department of Otorhinolaryngology Istanbul TurkeyMehmet Ada, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University Department of Otorhinolaryngology Istanbul TurkeyRavza S. Yilmaz, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University Department of Otorhinolaryngology Istanbul Turkey...

Wide-mouthed Sacculation of the Esophagus: A Cause of Dysphagia after Radiation Therapy

Dysphagia — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:10:01 +0100

We describe a patient who presented with dysphagia after radiation therapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma secondary to wide-mouthed sacculation of the upper esophagus on barium esophagography, most likely resulting from localized radiation necrosis of the muscular layer of the esophageal wall. Despite its rarity, radiologists should be aware of this finding as a potential cause of dysphagia after radiation therapy to the neck or chest. Unlike radiation strictures, radiation-induced sacculation of the esophagus probably can be managed conservatively without need for endoscopic dilatation procedures. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00455-010-9274-4Authors Xin Wu, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Department of Radiology 3400 Spruce Street Philadelph...

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Measuring Pragmatic Language in Speakers with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Comparing the CCC-2 and the TOPL.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In these children with ASD, who displayed age-appropriate levels of structural language skills, the CCC-2 identified pragmatic language impairment better than the TOPL. Clinically, this can be useful in documenting the presence of language dysfunction when traditional standardized language assessments would not reveal communication problems. PMID: 20220047 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

Relationships between Speech Intelligibility and Word Articulation Scores in Children with Hearing Loss.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ertmer DJ PURPOSE: This investigation sought to determine whether scores from a commonly used word-based articulation test are closely associated with speech intelligibility in children with hearing loss. If the scores are closely related, articulation testing results might be used to estimate intelligibility. If not, the importance of direct assessment of intelligibility would be reinforced. Methods Forty-four children with hearing losses produced words from the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation-2 and sets of 10 short sentences. Correlation analyses were conducted between scores for seven word-based predictor variables and percent-intelligible scores derived from listener judgments of stimulus sentences. RESULTS: Six of seven predictor variables were significantly correlat...

Effects of Lips and Hands on Auditory Learning of Second Language Speech Sounds.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Seeing lip movements during training significantly helps learners to perceive difficult second language phonemic contrasts, but seeing hand gestures does not. We discuss possible benefits and limitations of using multimodal information in second language phoneme learning. PMID: 20220023 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Evidence That a Motor Timing Deficit Is a Factor in the Development of Stuttering.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: We infer that there is a subgroup of young stuttering children who exhibit a non-speech motor timing deficit and discuss this result as it pertains to recovery or persistence of stuttering. PMID: 20220024 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

An experimental investigation of the effect of AAF on the conversational speech of adults who stutter.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Participants' varying responses to differing AAF settings is likely to have accounted for the failure to find group differences between conditions. These results suggest that studies that use standard DAF and FAF settings for all participants are likely to underestimate any AAF effect. It is not yet possible to predict who will benefit from AAF devices in everyday situations and the extent of those benefits. PMID: 20220025 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

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Perception of Acoustically Degraded Sentences in Bilingual Listeners Who Differ in Age of English Acquisition.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that linguistic background needs to be considered in the understanding of bilingual listeners' context use in acoustically degraded conditions. Direct comparison of early bilingual listeners' performance with monolingual norms may be inappropriate when speech is highly degraded. PMID: 20220026 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Visual Influences on Alignment to Voice Onset Time.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results show that, like auditory speech, visual speech information can induce speech alignment to a phonetically-relevant property of an utterance. PMID: 20220027 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Maternal interactions with a hearing and hearing impaired twin: Similarities and differences in speech input, interaction quality and word production.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The mother appears more focused on maintaining the attention of the HI-infant using the typical ID exaggerations to prosody, and overlooking linguistic features such as the hyperarticulation of her vowels. The results have implications for early intervention strategies. PMID: 20220028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

An imitative test of speech-pattern contrast perception (OlimSpac): developmental effects in normally hearing children.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: When evaluated on a pass/fail basis, normally hearing children aged 3 years or more are likely to demonstrate auditory perception of most phonemic contrasts using this imitative test. Phonological development and other task-related factors have only a modest effect on performance by normally hearing children after 3 years of age. The effects of hearing loss, hearing age, sensory assistance, and listening experience in children with hearing loss remain to be determined. PMID: 20220029 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Maternal label and gesture use affects acquisition of specific object names.

Journal of Child Language — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zammit M, Schafer G ABSTRACTTen mothers were observed prospectively, interacting with their infants aged 0 ; 10 in two contexts (picture description and noun description). Maternal communicative behaviours were coded for volubility, gestural production and labelling style. Verbal labelling events were categorized into three exclusive categories: label only; label plus deictic gesture; label plus iconic gesture. We evaluated the predictive relations between maternal communicative style and children's subsequent acquisition of ten target nouns. Strong relations were observed between maternal communicative style and children's acquisition of the target nouns. Further, even controlling for maternal volubility and maternal labelling, maternal use of iconic gestures predicted the ti...

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Phonological development of word-initial Korean obstruents in young Korean children.

Journal of Child Language — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigates the acquisition of word-initial Korean obstruents (i.e. stops, affricates and fricatives). Korean obstruents are characterized by a three-way contrast among stops and affricates (i.e. fortis, aspirated and lenis) and a two-way fricative contrast (i.e. fortis and lenis). All these obstruents are voiceless word-initially. Cross-sectional data were collected from forty Korean children aged 2 ; 6 (year;month), 3 ; 0, 3 ; 6 and 4 ; 0, and the acquisition patterns of Korean obstruents were explored based on productions of mono- and multisyllabic words. Results confirm the universal patterns: stops were acquired before affricates and fricatives. In terms of order of acquisition across different laryngeal types, lenis stops were the last to be acquired. For Korean fricative...

Concurrent and predictive validity of the Galician CDI.

Journal of Child Language — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pérez-Pereira M, Resches M ABSTRACTThis paper explores the concurrent and predictive validity of the long and short forms of the Galician version of the MacArthur-Bates CDI (IDHC). Forty-two Galician-speaking children were longitudinally evaluated at age 1 ; 6, 2 ; 0 and 4 ; 0. On the first two occasions, the subjects' vocabulary and grammar skills were assessed through the IDHC. Simultaneously, lexical and grammatical measures were obtained from spontaneous speech samples. Standardized measures of general cognitive abilities (WPPSI-R) and receptive and expressive language (RDLS-III) were obtained at age 4 ; 0. Results showed high and significant levels of concurrent and short-term validity of the IDHC. Strong associations were found between lexical development at age 2 ;...

The input ambiguity hypothesis and case blindness: an account of cross-linguistic and intra-linguistic differences in case errors.

Journal of Child Language — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pelham SD ABSTRACTEnglish-acquiring children frequently make pronoun case errors, while German-acquiring children rarely do. Nonetheless, German-acquiring children frequently make article case errors. It is proposed that when child-directed speech contains a high percentage of case-ambiguous forms, case errors are common in child language; when percentages are low, case errors are rare. Input to English and German children was analyzed for percentage of case-ambiguous personal pronouns on adult tiers of corpora from 24 English-acquiring and 24 German-acquiring children. Also analyzed for German was the percentage of case-ambiguous articles. Case-ambiguous pronouns averaged 63.3% in English, compared with 7.6% in German. The percentage of case-ambiguous articles in German was 7...

Children do not overcome lexical biases where adults do: the role of the referential scene in garden-path recovery.

Journal of Child Language — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kidd E, Stewart AJ, Serratrice L ABSTRACTIn this paper we report on a visual world eye-tracking experiment that investigated the differing abilities of adults and children to use referential scene information during reanalysis to overcome lexical biases during sentence processing. The results showed that adults incorporated aspects of the referential scene into their parse as soon as it became apparent that a test sentence was syntactically ambiguous, suggesting they considered the two alternative analyses in parallel. In contrast, the children appeared not to reanalyze their initial analysis, even over shorter distances than have been investigated in prior research. We argue that this reflects the children's over-reliance on bottom-up, lexical cues to interpretation. The impl...

Unusual Manifestations of Bilateral Carotid Artery Dissection: Dysphagia and Hoarseness

Dysphagia — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:01:39 +0100

Abstract Dissection of the carotid artery can occur intracranially or extracranially, although dissections tend to affect extracranial segments of the arteries much more commonly than intracranial segments. Carotid artery dissection (CAD) is most common in middle-aged women. Although not completely known, the main risk factors related to carotid artery dissection are genetic and environmental factors, traumatic events, cervical manipulation, migraine, recent infections, hyperhomocysteinemia, and hereditary connective tissue disorders. Although some cases of bilateral internal CAD have been reported, spontaneous bilateral dissections are rare. Prolonged hoarseness is usually due to using the voice either too much, too loudly, or improperly over an extended period of time. D...

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Facilitating Children's Learning of Dynamic-Display AAC Devices: The Effect of two Instructional Methods on the Performance of 6- and 7-year-olds with Typical Development Using a Dual-Screen Prototype.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study compared the operation of a dynamic-display AAC device in two instructional conditions: corrective feedback (CF) and dual-screen guidance (DSG). In the CF condition prompts/feedback were provided for incorrect responses; the DSG condition used errorless guided instruction only. Twenty-one children with typical development - ten 6-year-olds and 11 7-year-olds - were randomly assigned to one instructional condition and completed five sessions: three learning/testing, one generalization, and one maintenance. The children were required to reproduce visual sentence stimuli on the AAC device. Differences were found in accuracy and efficiency of 6- and 7-year-olds. The 7-year-olds were more accurate and quicker than the 6-year-olds. Differences due to instructional condition were obser...

A Comparison of the Performance of 5-year-old Children with Typical Development using Iconic Encoding in AAC Systems with and without Icon Prediction on a Fixed Display.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Drager KD, Light JC Iconic encoding, or the use of a sequence of icons to retrieve a word or phrase from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technologies, has previously been shown to be challenging for young children to learn to use. It is possible that the use of icon prediction may facilitate learning in such systems by providing additional visual cues. The goal of the current study was to determine the effect of using icon prediction on the performance of 5-year-old children with typical development who were learning to locate and generalize vocabulary prestored in AAC technologies using iconic encoding. Twenty 5-year-old children were introduced to 30 vocabulary items and asked to locate them using iconic encoding during four learning and testing sessions. Te...

Improving Web Access for Individuals who Rely on Augmentative and Alternative Communication.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study was designed to test the usability of WebAACcess, an accessibility enhancement tool designed to bypass some of the barriers to navigating the web. Using a repeated-measures research design, whereby subjects were their own controls, each of the 12 participants (7 with motor disabilities who used AAC and 5 peers without disabilities) navigated equivalent web pages using Internet Explorer alone and Internet Explorer with WebAACcess. Results consistently demonstrated that navigating using WebAACess with Internet Explorer was more efficient, easier, and equally effective for all of the participants than navigating with Internet Explorer alone. PMID: 20196701 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Augmentative and Alternative Communication)

Parents' Priorities for AAC and Related Instruction for their Children with Angelman Syndrome.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Calculator SN, Black T This investigation examined the extent to which a set of 98 best practices in AAC, previously agreed upon by a panel of experts in AAC and inclusive education, reflected the actual preferences of 32 parents of children diagnosed with Angelman Syndrome. Parents' responses were examined in relation to whether their children were currently in mostly integrated (MI) settings with children without disabilities, or mostly segregated settings with other children with disabilities. With two exceptions, both groups, regardless of their children's current placements, viewed the practices favorably. When asked to prioritize the most important communication skills they wished their children to attain, all of the most frequently cited priorities were reflected in ite...

The effect of sequential exposure of color conditions on time and accuracy of graphic symbol location.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined the role of color on rate and accuracy of identifying symbols on an 8-location overlay through the use of 3 color conditions (same, mixed and unique). Sixty typically developing preschool children were exposed to two different sequential exposures (Set 1 and Set 2). Participants searched for a target stimulus (either meaningful symbols or arbitrary forms) in a stimuli array. Findings indicated that the sequential exposures (orderings) impacted both time and accuracy for both types of symbols within specific instances. PMID: 20196703 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Augmentative and Alternative Communication)

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Exploring Communication Assistants as an Option for Increasing Communication Access to Communities for People who use Augmentative Communication.

Augmentative and Alternative Communication — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Collier B, McGhie-Richmond D, Self H This paper describes the results of a one-year intervention project that aimed to (a) learn about the communication supports required by people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) when accessing their communities, (b) develop and implement a funded communication assistant service as an accessibility support option for people who use AAC when communicating in their communities, (c) evaluate the impact of the communication assistant service on community access for people who use AAC, and (d) make recommendations relating to the role of communication assistants as an option for increasing communication access for people who use AAC in their communities. Nine people who use AAC participated in this project. The findings sug...

Help Oppose Elimination of Medicaid Rehab Services

ASHA Action Alerts — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

Book Review: Virginia C. Mueller Gathercole Routes to Language: Studies in Honor of Melissa Bowerman (London and New York: Psychology Press, 2008). pp. 480. ISBN 978-1-84169-716-1

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

(Source: First Language)

Book Review: C. Frazier Norbury, J.B. Tomlin, and D. V. M. Bishop (Eds.) Understanding Developmental Language Disorders: From Theory to Practice (Oxford: Psychology Press, 2008). pp. 248. ISBN 978-1-84169-666-9 (hbk); ISBN 978-1-84169-667-6 (pbk)

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

(Source: First Language)

Book Review: B. Haznedar and E. Gavruseva Current Trends in Child Second Language Acquisition (Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2008). pp 363. ISBN 978-90-272-5307-1

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

(Source: First Language)

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Translation Equivalents and the Emergence of Multiple Lexicons in Early Trilingual Development

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

This study examines lexical differentiation in early trilingual development through an analysis of the translation equivalents (TEs) produced by a Tagalog—Spanish—English trilingual child. The child’s cumulative vocabulary between 1;4 and 2;0 was reconstructed through diary records and audio-recordings, and the extent to which phonetically distinct equivalent doublets and triplets were represented in her cumulative lexicon was examined. The results indicate that TEs were produced from early on, similarly to bilingual children. However, the amount of input heard in each language determined the number and types of equivalents acquired. Also, learning a second TE took less time than learning a first, suggesting that the initial differentiation of the lexicon as evidenced by ...

The Influence of Frequency and Semantic Similarity on How Children Learn Grammar

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

Lexically based learning and semantic analogy may both play a role in the learning of grammar. To investigate this, 5-year-old German children were trained on a miniature language (nominally English) involving two grammatical constructions, each of which was associated with a different semantic verb class.Training was followed by elicited production and grammaticality judgement tests with ‘trained verbs’ and a ‘generalization’ test, involving untrained verbs. In the ‘trained verbs’ judgement test the children were above chance at associating particular verbs with the constructions in which they had heard them. They did this significantly more often with verbs which they had heard especially frequently in particular constructions, indicating lexically bas...

Learning the Meaning of Verbs: Insights from Quechua

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

This study presents experimental evidence corroborating the author’s earlier finding that Quechua-speaking children’s overgeneralization errors observe the same asymmetry. The transitive variants of change-of-state verbs were elicited from 30 Peruvian children, aged 2;8—4;11. The ensuing discussion considers how Quechua-speaking children recover from this pattern of overgeneralization in light of constraints that have been proposed for children acquiring English, which is typologically very different from Quechua. (Source: First Language)

Hebrew Adjectives in Later Language Text Production

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:37 +0100

The study investigates the distribution and use of adjectives in 252 texts produced by 63 Hebrew-speaking children, adolescents, and adults who were asked to tell and write a story about a personal fight or a quarrel, and to present a talk and write an expository text on the topic of school violence. All adjective types and tokens in each text were identified, counted, classified, and analyzed using semantic, morphological, and syntactic criteria. Findings show that the adjective class grows larger, richer, and more diverse with age and schooling — in lexicon, morpho-semantics, and syntax. Also, adjectives configure by text genres and modalities in ways that provide independent support for text type classification from spoken narratives, on the one hand, to written expositories, on t...

Developing Noun Phrase Complexity at School Age: A Text-Embedded Cross-Linguistic Analysis

First Language — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 17:15:36 +0100

Development of noun phrase structure and use is analyzed as an important facet of syntactic acquisition from middle childhood to adolescence. Noun phrases occurring in narrative and expository texts produced in both speech and writing by 96 native speakers of English and Hebrew were identified and examined by a set of specially devised criteria including length in words, syntactic depth, abstractness of head nouns, and nature of modifiers. Results reveal a clear and consistent developmental increment in NP complexity from age 9 to 12, and particularly from age 16 years; written expository texts emerge as a favored site for use of syntactically complex constructions; and nominal elements play a more central role in the discursive syntax of Hebrew than English. Findings are discussed in term...

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Effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on Communication & Speech for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Metanalysis.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This metanalysis synthesizes gains in communication and relative lack of gains made in speech across the PECS literature for children with ASD. Concerns about maintenance and generalization are identified. Emerging evidence of potential pre-intervention child characteristics are discussed. Phase IV was identified as a possibly influential program characteristic for speech outcomes. PMID: 20181849 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

Effects of Parent Instruction on the Symbolic Communication of Children using AAC during Storybook Reading.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Results provide evidence that the communication partner instruction program applied within storybook reading contexts holds significant promise in improving parent-child interaction patterns and facilitating communicative expression and turn taking in children who use AAC. PMID: 20181850 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

Discourse coherence and cognition after stroke: A dual task study.

Journal of Communication Disorders — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study directly tests this hypothesis by examining the relationship between cognitive variables and coherence in narrative discourse produced by mobility-impaired stroke survivors under single (talking) and dual (talking and walking) task conditions. Although there were no effects of the dual task on coherence, global coherence was significantly disrupted regardless of the single or dual task condition. Moreover, global coherence strongly correlated with cognitive function measures, whereas local coherence did not. Findings are consistent with two interpretations: (1) that global and local coherence may be subserved by different cognitive processes or (2) that maintaining global coherence is a more difficult task and thus will show effects of cognitive impairment before local coherence...

Medicare Therapy Caps and Pending Payment Reductions

ASHA Action Alerts — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Contact Your Members of Congress Today (Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

Cognitive development: the learning brain.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 08:26:04 +0100

Authors: Morgan G PMID: 20146562 [PubMed - in process] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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Motor difficulties in specific language impairment: evidence for the Iverson account? - a commentary on Iverson's 'Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development'*.

Journal of Child Language — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 08:10:05 +0100

Authors: Hill EL PMID: 20146831 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Child Language)

Specific language impairment in Turkish: Evidence from case morphology in Turkish-German successive bilinguals.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rothweiler M, Chilla S, Babur E Language disorders, and Specific Language Impairment (SLI), have been extensively studied in a number of different, though thus far almost exclusively Indoeuropean, languages. For other languages such as Turkish, Vietnamese, or Arabic, however, findings on the outcome of SLI are rare. In this context, the growing number of migrant children in European countries with a variety of first languages can be seen as a challenge to linguistics and to language assessment: The lack of empirical findings on SLI in these languages brings up the question of how the impairment is manifested in bilingual children with a migrant background. In order for a language disorder to correctly be labelled SLI, it needs to be identified in both languages. This paper pre...

Erratum to: MBS Measurement Tool for Swallow Impairment—MBSImp: Establishing a Standard

Dysphagia — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 17:36:12 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumDOI 10.1007/s00455-010-9275-3Authors Bonnie Martin-Harris, Medical University of South Carolina Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 135 Rutledge Avenue, MSC 550 Charleston SC 29425-5500 USAMartin B. Brodsky, Medical University of South Carolina Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 135 Rutledge Avenue, MSC 550 Charleston SC 29425-5500 USAYvonne Michel, Medical University of South Carolina College of Nursing Charleston SC USADonald O. Castell, Medical University of South Carolina College of Medicine Charleston SC USAMelanie Schleicher, Saint Joseph’s Hospital of Atlanta Evelyn Trammell Voice & Swallowing Center Atlanta GA USAJohn Sandidge, Saint Joseph’s Hospital of Atlanta Evelyn Trammell Voice & Swallowing Cen...

Measuring verbal and non-verbal communication in aphasia: reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the Scenario Test.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: The data support the reliability and validity of the Scenario Test as an instrument for examining daily-life communication in aphasia. The test focuses on multimodal communication; its psychometric qualities enable future studies on the effect of Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) training in aphasia. PMID: 20144004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Investigating children's ability to reflect on stored phonological representations: the Silent Deletion of Phonemes Task.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: The SDOP task appears to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the internal structure of a child's stored phonological representations. Profiling phonological representations allows clinicians to explore children's speech-processing skills which may be particularly useful with children with complex literacy difficulties. PMID: 20144005 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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Communication and Huntington's disease: qualitative interviews and focus groups with persons with Huntington's disease, family members, and carers.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: In brief, persons with Huntington's disease expressed a need for a richer social life and more (adjusting) conversation partners, family members expressed a need for more support and professional carers wanted more information about Huntington's disease. The triangular perspective utilized in the present study completed the picture of the communicative consequences of Huntington's disease. In particular, it became clear, that the insights of persons with Huntington's disease can and has to be included in communicative assessments and plans for intervention. PMID: 20144006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Pragmatic language and the child with emotional/behavioural difficulties (EBD): a pilot study exploring the interaction between behaviour and communication disability.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: The results of this pilot study have implications for how we view language and behaviour difficulties in primary schools. Future larger-scale research should consider the role of parenting factors, pragmatic language skills and literacy ability in the high co-existence rate of emotional/behavioural difficulties and language/communication needs. PMID: 20144007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

The use of facilitative vowel contexts in the treatment of post-alveolar fronting: a case study.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Targeting facilitative vowel contexts was successful for this 7-year-old boy with persisting post-alveolar fronting which had been resistant to other therapy techniques. Speech and language therapists are encouraged to ensure that quality indicators for single-subject interventions are built into regular practice. PMID: 20144008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

An exploratory trial of the effectiveness of an enhanced consultative approach to delivering speech and language intervention in schools.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: This exploratory study demonstrates the benefit of an intensive therapy delivered by specialist teaching assistants for remediating speech and language difficulties experienced by young children in mainstream schools. The service delivery model was perceived by professionals as offering an inclusive and effective practice and provides empirical support for using both direct and indirect intervention in the school setting. PMID: 20144009 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Addition of contingency management to increase home practice in young children with a speech sound disorder.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Contingency management has a positive impact on therapeutic success and leads to an increase in the number of homework sessions. PMID: 20144010 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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How to distinguish normal from disordered children with poor language or motor skills.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: We conclude that relatively pervasive underachievement distinguishes disordered from normal low achievers. PMID: 20144011 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Stop Unlicensed Massachusetts SLPs and Audiologists

ASHA Action Alerts — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

Speech breathing in speakers who use an electrolarynx.

Journal of Communication Disorders — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bohnenkamp TA, Stowell T, Hesse J, Wright S Speakers who use an electrolarynx following a total laryngectomy no longer require pulmonary support for speech. Subsequently, chest wall movements may be affected; however, chest wall movements in these speakers are not well defined. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate speech breathing in speakers who use an electrolarynx during speech and reading tasks. Six speakers who use an electrolarynx underwent an evaluation of chest wall kinematics (e.g., chest wall movements, temporal characteristics of chest wall movement), lung volumes, temporal measures of speech, and the interaction of linguistic influences on ventilation. Results of the present study were compared to previous reports in speakers who use an electrolarynx, ...

Aerodynamic indices of velopharyngeal function in childhood apraxia of speech.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sealey LR, Giddens CL Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is characterized as a deficit in the motor processes of speech for the volitional control of the articulators, including the velum. One of the many characteristics attributed to children with CAS is intermittent or inconsistent hypernasality. The purpose of this study was to document differences in velopharyngeal function in children diagnosed with CAS from children with typically-developing speech. Pressure-flow techniques were used to estimate the velopharyngeal port size and measure the temporal sequencing of airflow and pressure events associated with production of a nasal + oral plosive sequence in the speech of three children with CAS and three age-matched comparison participants. The results of this pilot study rev...

Perception of American English dark /l/ by normally hearing young adult women.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Roussel N, Oxley J This perceptual study describes changes in how listeners perceive VCV elements within successive truncations taken from an iambic phrase containing /l/ (e.g. a leaf, or a load) spoken by four male speakers of General American English. Evidence of the respective roles of dorsal gestural affiliation between /l/ and the reduced vowel, (V(1)CV(2)), and gestural separation from a tautosyllabic high front vowel (V(2)) were demonstrated. Coproduction of dark-l with a preceding reduced vowel was evident in early reports of back vowels or diphthongs, particularly when the carrier word contained a front vowel, and was noted more in darker-l than lighter-l speakers. The pairing of /l/ with a tautosyllabic front vowel reduced earlier identification of /l/, whereas its p...

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Investigating the use of coherence analysis on mandibular electromyograms to investigate neural control of early oromandibular behaviours: A pilot study.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Steeve RW, Price CM An empirical method for investigating differences in neural control of jaw movement across oromandibular behaviours is to compute the coherence function for electromyographic signals obtained from mandibular muscle groups. This procedure has been used with adults but not extended to children. This pilot study investigated if coherence analysis could reveal task-related differences in control for children by measuring mandibular electromyograms obtained from an infant and adult. Electromyographic signals were obtained from bilateral masseter and temporalis muscle groups during chewing and babble from a typically developing infant from 8-22 months, and chewing and speech were obtained from an adult. Coherence functions were computed. Measures obtained from th...

Transcribing nonsense words: The effect of numbers of voices and repetitions.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Knight RA Transcription skills are crucially important to all phoneticians, and particularly for speech and language therapists who may use transcriptions to make decisions about diagnosis and intervention. Whilst interest in factors affecting transcription accuracy is increasing, there are still a number of issues that are yet to be investigated. The present paper considers how the number of voices and the number of repetitions affects the transcription of nonsense words. Thirty-two students in their second year of study for a BSc in Speech and Language Therapy were participants in an experiment. They heard two nonsense words presented 10 times in either one or two voices. Results show that the number of voices did not affect accuracy, but that accuracy increased between six ...

Phonological processes in Kannada-speaking adolescents with Down syndrome.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rupela V, Manjula R, Velleman SL Phonological process analysis was carried out using a 40-word imitation task with 30 11;6-14;6 year old Kannada-speaking persons with Down syndrome in comparison with 15 non-verbal mental age matched typically developing children. Percentages of occurrence were significantly higher for the Down syndrome group with certain exceptions. Some phonological processes were observed only in the Down syndrome group. Kannada is a non-Indo European language spoken in the southern Indian state of Karnataka that has not had much research attention, especially with respect to persons with communication disorders. This paper highlights the phonological processes observed in school-aged persons with Down syndrome, some of which are similar to those observed in...

Integrated speech and phonological awareness intervention for pre-school children with Down syndrome.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Implications: The findings of this study suggest an intervention approach that integrates speech, letter knowledge, and phonological awareness targets is effective in remediating speech error patterns at the single-word level in young children with Down syndrome. Phonological awareness and letter knowledge appeared to be stimulated through the intervention, but significant improvement above chance levels on untrained phonological awareness tasks was not evident. Follow-up investigation is necessary to determine longer-term outcomes. PMID: 20131959 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Conversational behaviour of children with Developmental Language Delay and their caretakers.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Caretakers in DLD dyads appear to develop a less facilitative conversational style and a decrease of contingencies in initiations and responses over time. The result is little opportunity for the conversational and linguistic skills of the DLD children to develop. Parental guidance in the form of conversational training, child-adjusted register, contingent response behaviour and the provision of language materials which can help the child discover his or her role as a conversational partner and recognize the different perspectives of conversational partners is emphasized. PMID: 20131960 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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Gender differences in health-related quality of life following total laryngectomy.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Following total laryngectomy, females appear to be worsely affected in aspects of quality of life than males. Emotional and social functioning are particularly vulnerable. The findings imply that rehabilitation programmes after total laryngectomy need to evaluate quality of life and address these specific areas in order to improve patient-reported long-term outcomes. PMID: 20131961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Beginning to teach the end: the importance of including discharge from aphasia therapy in the curriculum.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Bringing discharge practice from the realm of implicit knowledge to one that can be examined and discussed in an explicit manner should help reduce anxieties about discharge for new clinicians, help to clarify and improve the discharge approaches used by clinicians and lead to better discharge experiences for clients. PMID: 20131962 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Speech perception and phonological short-term memory capacity in language impairment: preliminary evidence from adolescents with specific language impairment (SLI) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Non-word discrimination suggests that there are similarities and differences between adolescents with SLI and ALI and their TD peers. Reaction times appear to be affected by increasing PSTM and speech perception loads in a similar way. However, there was some, albeit weaker, evidence that adolescents with SLI and ALI are less accurate than TD individuals, with both showing an effect of PSTM load. This may indicate, at some level, the processing substrate supporting both PSTM and speech perception is intact in adolescents with SLI and ALI, but also in both there may be impaired access to PSTM resources. PMID: 20131963 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Take Action to Repeal Therapy Caps Today

ASHA Action Alerts — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

Continuing education self-study program.

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 20221949 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

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[In Process Citation]

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Holland A PMID: 20221950 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

Treatment of chronic aphasia: international perspectives.

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Code C PMID: 20221951 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

Outcome of a One-Month Therapy Intensive for Chronic Aphasia: Variable Individual Responses.

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Computers in the treatment of chronic aphasia.

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Katz RC Computers and related technology can increase the amount of treatment received by adults with chronic aphasia. Computers used in treatment, however, are only valuable to the patient if the intervention is efficacious. Real and potential applications of computer technology are discussed in the context of three roles of computerized aphasia treatment for adults with chronic aphasia. Pertinent studies regarding Phases 1 and 2 are briefly described. The only Phase 3 study of efficacy of computerized aphasia treatment is more fully described and its implications discussed. PMID: 20221953 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Seminars in Speech and Language)

The Neural Correlates of Semantic Feature Analysis in Chronic Aphasia: Discordant Patterns According to the Etiology.

Seminars in Speech and Language — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Marcotte K, Ansaldo AI This event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study reports on the impact of semantic feature analysis (SFA) therapy on the neural substrate sustaining the recovery from severe anomia in two patients: one participant was diagnosed with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) 2 years before this study; the other participant acquired aphasia 8 years before this study. The participant with PPA showed severe progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), the language profile being similar to a Broca's aphasia; the stroke patient presented with Broca's aphasia and a severe apraxia of speech (AOS). To examine the neural substrate allowing for recovery, both patients received brief and intensive therapy with SFA; behavioral and event-related (ER)-fMRI measur...

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Metaphor and metonymy: Making their connections more slippery

Cognitive Linguistics — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Cognitive Linguistics 21 (1): 1-34 Abstract This paper continues the debate about how to distinguish metaphor from metonymy, and whether this can be done. It examines some of the differences that have been alleged to exist, and augments the already existing doubt about them. The main differences addressed are the similarity/contiguity distinction and the issue of whether source-target links are part of the message in metonymy or metaphor. In particular, the paper argues that metaphorical links can always be used metonymically and regarded as contiguities, and conversely that two particular, central types of metonymic contiguity essentially involve similarity. The paper also touches briefly on how metaphor and metonymy interact with domains, frames, etc. and on the role of imaginary identif...

Accuracy of consonant-vowel syllables in young cochlear implant recipients and hearing children in the single-word period.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Differences in emergence of CV syllable accuracy arise from differences in auditory perception between the NH and CI groups. PMID: 20150404 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Examining relationships among dialect variation, literacy skills, and school context in first grade.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The results inform theories on the relationship between DVAR and literacy achievement and suggest a more complex explanation of how nonmainstream American English dialect use might influence how young children learn to read. PMID: 20150405 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Lexical-semantic organization in children with specific language impairment.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Significant variability in lexical-semantic organization skills exists among children with SLI. Deficits in lexical-semantic organization were demonstrated by a subgroup of children with SLI who likely had concomitant word-finding difficulties. PMID: 20150406 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Phonological acquisition in bilingual spanish-english speaking children.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined interaction between the two languages of bilingual children during phonological acquisition through the measurement of (a) transfer (the frequency and types of phonological transfer present in the speech of bilingual children); (b) deceleration (a slower rate of acquisition for bilinguals as compared with monolinguals); and (c) acceleration (a faster rate of acquisition for bilinguals as compared with monolinguals. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated that (a) transfer was evident in the productions of bilingual children, (b) differences were found in accuracy between monolingual and bilingual children, and (c) sound frequency did not predict differential accuracy of either phonetically similar sounds between languages or phonetically dissimilar sounds specific to Spanish or ...

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Initial acquisition of mental graphemic representations in children with language impairment.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The authors propose that children with LI are less robust at developing initial MGRs than are children with TL and that this poor ability to acquire initial MGRs likely places them at risk for later literacy deficits. PMID: 20150408 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Language and Social Factors in the Use of Cell Phone Technology by Adolescents With and Without Specific Language Impairment (SLI).

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that social difficulties restrict text-based uses of cell phones by adolescents with SLI, which can in turn reduce the opportunities that these adolescents have to develop social networks and make arrangements to engage in peer social interaction. PMID: 20150409 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Conversational language use as a predictor of early reading development: language history as a moderating variable.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a more nuanced view of the association between spoken language and early reading than is commonly proposed. One possibility is that children with and without a history of reported language difficulties rely on different skills, or the same skills to differing degrees, when completing early reading-related tasks. Future studies should examine the causal link between conversational language and early reading specifically in children with a history of reported language difficulties. PMID: 20150410 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR)

Authorship intricacies.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Justice L PMID: 20139352 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

Impact of personal relevance and contextualization on word-picture matching by people with aphasia.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Clinically, the findings highlight the importance of using personally relevant, contextualized photographs rather than generic contextualized photographs or noncontextualized, iconic images to support the communication attempts of people with aphasia who cannot communicate effectively using natural speech alone. PMID: 20139353 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

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Writing language and subjective quality: implications of group work

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the speech language therapy group was built as a place where the individuals could set up a significant relation with reading and writing, providing key conditions for the re-significance of the symptoms and for interacting with different written texts, promoting thus changes between the individual and his own language. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Using the gesture in autism: case report

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: improvement was verified in gestural quality in this case report. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Comfort and phonation with new generation of individualized lingual orthodontics brackets

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the literature currently supports that the latest generation of lingual individualized brackets provides greater comfort and speech easiness when compared to the traditional lingual technique brackets. However, success in therapy requires detailed guidelines on the potential for restriction of the oral comfort, word articulation, chewing and oral hygiene, regardless of the bracket system to be used. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Herpes and its hearing implications: a literature review

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the studied herpetic viruses show strict relation with hearing disorders, regardless of the age in which the patient is affected. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

The use of portfolio in Speech and Language Pathology undergraduate education from the perspective of comprehensive training

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the findings demonstrate the portfolio as an important tool in an ongoing reflective evaluation. There were changes about the initial impressions the undergraduates brought with them, as to their expectations and knowledge on SLP. This instrument contributes for defining the choice of profession, in some cases, and encourages the perception about the role of other disciplines, common doubts among students at this graduation period. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

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Auto-perception of auditory and vestibular health in workers exposed to organophosphate

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: dizziness and hearing loss are a constant and subclinical symptoms in occupational exposure suggesting a precocious intoxication signal, harming the quality of life of these workers. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Study of equivalence among the lists of sentences in Portuguese

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: it was observed that in the application of the test Lists of Sentences in Portuguese, through earphones, both under silence as well as under noise, similar results were obtained in the lists 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B and 6B, showing equivalence among the lists. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Comparative of verbal language analysis of listeners children and deaf children with cochlear implant

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the results of the deaf children using cochlear implants were inferiors yours pairs listeners. The deaf children who showed the biggest punctuations were the ones with shorter time of hearing sense deprivation and longer time using the cochlear implant. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Distortion product evoked otoacoustic emissions study with individuals of a fitness gym

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: this study shows that individuals exposed to electronic amplified music, may have hearing loss complaints and have signs of such loss. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Auditory assessment in the school-age children

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: hearing screening is an effective way to determine the adequate conduct to be adopted with schoolchildren regarding peripheral hearing loss and/or hearing abilities. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

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Voice and temporomandibular joint disorders in teachers

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the results point towards confirming the presence of TMJ and vocal disorders in the group of teachers in this research, as well as positive correlations between these two disorders. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

The use of cervical auscultation in tracheal aspiration in children with cerebral palsy

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: cervical auscultation can be used as an inference to risk of aspiration, therefore a sign to early intervention in this population. Furthermore, it is a non-invasive method. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Swallowing of oral and nose breathers: speech-language and electromyography assessment

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

OBJETIVO: avaliar e comparar a deglutição de sujeitos respiradores orais e nasais, por meio da avaliação clínica e eletromiográfica dos músculos orbiculares orais, superior e inferior. MÉTODOS: participaram deste estudo 16 sujeitos na faixa etária de 6:8 a 10:10 distribuídos em dois grupos, um de respiradores orais e outro de respiradores nasais. Foram submetidos à avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica e eletromiográfica de superfície. O exame fonoaudiológico contemplou as estruturas e funções do sistema estomatognático, e a avaliação eletromiográfica consistiu na captação da atividade elétrica dos músculos orbiculares orais, superior e inferior, durante as situações de isometria e de deglutição. Da avaliação clínica consideraram-se somente os resultados refe...

Symptoms and signs of mouth breathing in teenagers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and with complaints about school underachievement

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the possibility of simultaneous existence of Mouth Breathing on children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and complaints about school underachievement requires a deeper diagnostic investigation. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Autism: a study on communicative abilities in children

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: It was possible to verify that the studied children used functional communication forms in different situational contexts, verbal and non-verbal skills, aspects considered essential to the proposition of resources in speech therapy intervention. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

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Longitudinal study of joint attention in non-verbal autistic children

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: the gaze behavior is an important step for the development of others behaviors toward Joint Attention. The adult-child interaction situation facilitates the appearance of communication behaviors and sharing. Language therapy with focus on the Joint Attention abilities seems to contribute positively for communication development of autistic children. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Pragmatic ability and Down's Syndrome

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the verbal and gestural communication means and the comment and narrative functions were the most used among the participants; mothers were responsible for just 10% of the communication direction and it was carried out predominantly by the children and adolescents that took part in the study. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Performance by task in phonological awareness: gender, age and severity of phonological disorder

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the oldest children showed better performance in the phonological awareness-related tasks. Segmentation tasks showed a tendency for difference among the degrees of phonological disorder to be investigated in future studies. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Phonological awareness and awareness of the own speech impairment in different severity levels of phonological disorder

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: a possible relation was identified between the performance in the phonological awareness tasks and the different severity levels of phonological disorder, mainly in a qualitative approach. The awareness of their own speech impairment also seems to be influenced by the different severity levels of phonological disorder, mainly in a quantitative approach. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

Verbal and non-verbal praxic abilities in stutterers

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

CONCLUSION: the adult stutterers showed a significantly higher number of typical and atypical disfluencies than non-stutterers (verbal praxis). Stutterers do not differ from non-stutterers in their non-verbal praxic abilities. This finding contradicts those who believe that early stuttering affects non-verbal praxis. (Source: Revista CEFAC)

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Editorial II

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

(Source: Revista CEFAC)

Editorial I

Revista CEFAC — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 15:58:09 +0100

(Source: Revista CEFAC)

Adult participation in children's word searches: on the use of prompting, hinting, and supplying a model.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:16 +0100

This study characterizes, in detail, teachers' use of prompting, hinting, and supplying a model. From a classroom dataset of 53 instances, several distinctive patterns emerged. A prompted completion sequence is initiated by a 'word retrieval elicitor' ('fishing::') and is interpreted as a request to complete the phrase. Non-verbal prompting is accomplished through a combination of gaze and gesture and, also, as a series of prompts. Hinting supplies a verbal clue, typically via a wh-question, or by specifying the nature of the repairable. In contrast, the strategies that supply a linguistic model include both embedded and exposed corrections and offers of candidates. A sequential relationship was found between prompting, hinting, and supplying a model which has implications for how clinicia...

English past tense use as a clinical marker in older bilingual children with language impairment.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:13 +0100

This study compared the use of English past tense in a group of Spanish-English bilingual children with language impairment (BLI) to younger groups of bilinguals with typical and atypical language development reported in an earlier study. Ten children with BLI enrolled in 3rd-6th grade participated. Children supplied 12 regular, 12 irregular, and 12 novel past tense verbs on an elicitation task. The results demonstrated that despite 2.5 years of school exposure, older children with BLI still lagged in the production of regular and novel past tense verbs when compared to the younger typically developing (TD) controls. Although the rates of productive errors on irregular verbs increased, the older students nonetheless failed to achieve rates of over-regularization comparable to the younger T...

Phonological learning and lexicality of treated stimuli.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:11 +0100

Authors: Gierut JA, Morrisette ML The purpose was to evaluate the lexicality of treated stimuli relative to phonological learning by preschool children with functional phonological disorders. Four children were paired in a single-subject alternating treatments design that was overlaid on a multiple baseline across subjects design. Within each pair, one child was taught one sound in real words and a second sound in non-words; for the other child of the pair, lexicality was reversed and counterbalanced. The dependent variable was production accuracy of the treated sounds as measured during the session-by-session course of instruction. Results indicated that production accuracy of the treated sound was as good as or better using non-word as opposed to real word stimuli. The clinical impli...

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Automatic method of pause measurement for normal and dysarthric speech.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:08 +0100

This study proposes an automatic method for the detection of pauses and identification of pause types in conversational speech for the purpose of measuring the effects of Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) on speech. Speech samples of approximately 3 minutes were recorded from 13 speakers with FRDA and 18 healthy controls. Pauses were measured from the intensity contour and fit with bimodal lognormal distributions using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm in Matlab((c)). In the speakers with FRDA, both modes in the pause distributions had significantly larger means, with disproportionately fewer pauses associated with the first mode. From this preliminary study, it is concluded that distributional analysis of pause duration holds promise as a useful method of measuring the effects of FRDA on fu...

Prosodic changes in aphasic speech: timing.

Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 12:08:05 +0100

Authors: Sidtis DV, Kempler D, Jackson C, Metter EJ Controversy remains about the impairment of prosody in aphasia, particularly with regard to speech timing. This paper addresses this topic through an analysis of timing in four sets of a common morphological paradigm. The paradigm consisted of a basic form (stem) and two longer derived forms (e.g. zip, zipper, zippering). Normally, vowel durations are shorter in longer derived forms (e.g. zippering) than in the stem (e.g. zip), due to a process called 'initial shortening'. Twelve patients with aphasia (four each Broca, Wernicke, and Anomic), and 11 age-matched healthy adults were assessed. Structural (CT) and functional brain imaging (PET) were available for all patients. While all groups showed initial shortening between the stem and...

Functional Dysphagia Therapy and PEG Treatment in a Clinical Geriatric Setting

Dysphagia — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 07:03:04 +0100

Abstract Functional dysphagia therapy (FDT) is a noninvasive procedure that can accompany percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) treatment and supports transitioning from tube to oral feeding. In this retrospective study, we investigated the outcome of FDT with or without PEG feeding. Patients with dysphagia were divided into two groups: those with PEG feeding (N = 117) and those with exclusively oral feeding (N = 105). Both groups received functional training (oral motor skills/sensation, compensatory swallowing techniques) from speech-language therapists. Functional oral intake, weight, Barthel index, and speech and language abilities were evaluated pre- and post-training. The non-PEG group showed a significant post-treatment improvement in functiona...

Sentence imitation as a tool in identifying expressive morphosyntactic difficulties in children with severe speech difficulties.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: A new sentence imitation test, the SIT-61, is shown to be valuable tool for identifying expressive morphosyntactic difficulties in children. It is informative about the morphosyntactic abilities of children with speech disorders and raises questions as to the nature of their difficulties. PMID: 20102256 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Assessing disordered speech and voice in Parkinson's disease: a telerehabilitation application.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: For the majority of parameters, comparable levels of agreement were achieved between the two environments. Online assessment of disordered speech and voice in Parkinson's disease appears to be valid and reliable. The telerehabilitation application described in this study provides evidence for the delivery of online assessment for the dysarthric speech disorder associated with Parkinson's disease. PMID: 20102257 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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Preschoolers with autism show greater impairment in receptive compared with expressive language abilities.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: Recognition of the marked receptive language impairment relative to expressive language, found to affect at least one-third of preschoolers with autism in this sample, has important implications for interacting with these children and for informing appropriate targets in language and communication intervention. PMID: 20102259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Gender-marked determiners help Dutch learners' word recognition when gender information itself does not.

Journal of Child Language — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: VAN Heugten M, Johnson EK ABSTRACTDutch, unlike English, contains two gender-marked forms of the definite article. Does the presence of multiple definite article forms lead Dutch learners to be delayed relative to English learners in the acquisition of their determiner system? Using the Preferential Looking Procedure, we found that Dutch-learning children aged 1 ; 7 to 2 ; 0 use articles during sentence comprehension in a fashion comparable to similarly aged English learners. That is, Dutch learners' sentence processing was impaired when a nonsense (se) as opposed to real article (de, het) preceded target words, much like English learners' sentence processing is disrupted by the use of a nonsense article. At the same time, however, gender cues did not help Dutch learners recog...

Interrelations between communicative behaviors at the outset of speech: parents as observers.

Journal of Child Language — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Dromi E, Zaidman-Zait A ABSTRACTThe Hebrew Parent Questionnaire for Communication and Early Language (HPQ-CEL) was administered by 154 parents of Hebrew-speaking toddlers aged 1 ; 0 to 1 ; 3 (77 boys, 77 girls). The Questionnaire guided parents in observing and rating their toddlers in six contexts at home. The study aimed to identify inter-correlations between toddlers' non-linguistic behaviors that co-occur during the transition to speech. Seven communicative behaviors were extracted from the questionnaire data: Crying, Vocalizations, Collaboration with Adults, Pointing, Words, Joint Engagement in a Peek-a-Boo Game, and Triadic Interaction in Book Reading. Collaboration with Adults and Triadic Interaction in Book Reading yielded more significant correlations than other preli...

Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development.

Journal of Child Language — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Iverson JM ABSTRACTDuring the first eighteen months of life, infants acquire and refine a whole set of new motor skills that significantly change the ways in which the body moves in and interacts with the environment. In this review article, I argue that motor acquisitions provide infants with an opportunity to practice skills relevant to language acquisition before they are needed for that purpose; and that the emergence of new motor skills changes infants' experience with objects and people in ways that are relevant for both general communicative development and the acquisition of language. Implications of this perspective for current views of co-occurring language and motor impairments and for methodology in the field of child language research are also considered. PMID...

Omission of Dysphagia Therapies in Hospital Discharge Communications

Dysphagia — Sat, 23 Jan 2010 07:41:28 +0100

Abstract Despite the wide implementation of dysphagia therapies, it is unclear whether these therapies are successfully communicated beyond the inpatient setting. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of dysphagia recommendation omissions in hospital discharge summaries for high-risk subacute care (i.e., skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation, long-term care) populations. We performed a retrospective cohort study that included all stroke and hip fracture patients billed for inpatient dysphagia evaluations by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and discharged to subacute care from 2003 through 2005 from a single large academic medical center (N = 187). Dysphagia recommendations from final SLP hospital notes and from hospital (physician) discharge summarie...

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Surgical Management of Dysphagia and Airway Obstruction in Patients with Prominent Ventral Cervical Osteophytes

Dysphagia — Sat, 23 Jan 2010 07:41:28 +0100

Abstract Large projecting ventral cervical osteophytes are associated with senile degenerative skeletal disease, post-traumatic osteophytogenesis, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). The vast majority of patients with cervical osteophytes are asymptomatic. However, in a small subset this condition may lead to upper aerodigestive compromise manifesting as dysphagia and/or airway obstruction. Conservative medical therapy is usually sufficient, but patients with intractable disease may require surgical intervention, including tracheostomy, feeding tube placement, or osteophytectomy. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who presented to a tertiary referral center over a decade (1998-2008) with complaints of dysphagia and/or respiratory co...

City of Rockville Mayor and Council Recognize ASHA’s Contribution to Families in Need During 2009 Holiday Season

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Press Releases — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 08:55:00 +0100

The City of Rockville recognized ASHA as a major donor to the 2009 holiday gift drive. (Source: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Press Releases)

City of Rockville Mayor and Council Recognize ASHA’s Contribution to Families in Need During 2009 Holiday Season

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Press Releases — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 08:55:00 +0100

The City of Rockville recognized ASHA as a major donor to the 2009 holiday gift drive. (Source: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Press Releases)

Erosion of Anterior Cervical Plate into Pharynx with Pharyngotracheal Fistula

Dysphagia — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 03:01:03 +0100

We report a 58-year-old woman who presented with dysphagia and recurrent episodes of coughing and choking during swallowing 10 years after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with implantation of an anterior cervical plate. Barium esophagography revealed erosion of the cervical plate through the posterior wall of the pharyngoesophageal junction with an extraluminal collection that extended inferiorly as a track through the posterior wall of the trachea, producing a pharyngotracheal fistula. The pharyngeal perforation was repaired and the cervical hardware removed at surgery. This rare complication of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion should be recognized as a potentially serious but treatable long-term sequela of an anterior cervical plate. Content Type Journal Arti...

Vocal motoric foundations of spoken language - a commentary on Iverson's 'Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development'

Journal of Child Language — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kimbrough Oller D PMID: 20092661 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Child Language)

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Action as developmental process - a commentary on Iverson's 'Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development'

Journal of Child Language — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Smith LB PMID: 20092662 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Child Language)

Preserve funding for school salary supplements

ASHA Action Alerts — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: ASHA Action Alerts)

Speech-language evaluation and rehabilitation treatment in Floating-Harbor syndrome: A case study.

Journal of Communication Disorders — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Angelillo N, Di Costanzo B, Barillari U Floating-Harbor syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by specific facial features, short stature associated with significantly delayed bone age and language impairment. Although language delay is a cardinal manifestation of this syndrome, few reports describe the specific language difficulties of these patients, particularly the development of language abilities in the long run. This paper reports on an Italian boy with Floating-Harbor syndrome and discusses his language evaluation at presentation (age 48 months) and development and progress of his language abilities after 4 years of rehabilitation treatment. At presentation he exhibited borderline mental retardation, with verbal abilities lower than performance abilities....

Morphophonological salience as a compensatory means for deficits in the acquisition of past tense in SLI.

Journal of Communication Disorders — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mastropavlou M The aim of this study is threefold: Firstly, to describe the acquisition patterns of Greek past tense by children with specific language impairment (SLI); secondly, to investigate the relationship between the phonological salience of past tense in Greek and its acquisition by children of typical and atypical language development; thirdly, to establish an account on the nature of specific language impairment by comparing the acquisition patterns exhibited by children with SLI to those presented by typically developing children. The performance of 10 children with SLI in elicited past tense production is compared to that of chronological age matched (CA) and language matched (LM) controls. Based on the claim that morphophonological salience aids acquisition (or le...

Comprehension of complex discourse in different stages of Huntington's disease.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: It is likely that, in complex discourse tasks, individual differences in cognitive capacity may contribute and override other differences related to stage of disease. These results indicate that it is important to assess comprehension even in early stages of Huntington's disease, with tests that are sensitive to subtle language disorders, to reduce communication problems for the individuals concerned and their conversational partners. PMID: 20085535 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

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Non-speech oro-motor exercise use in acquired dysarthria management: regimes and rationales.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Implications: NSOMExs are a frequent component of dysarthria management in the UK-devolved government countries. This confirmation, along with the details of speech and language therapy practice, provides a foundation for clinical research which will compare outcomes for people with dysarthria, whose management includes and does not include NSOMExs. Speech and language therapy practice may be guided by evidence that speech outcome is or is not affected by NSOMExs. PMID: 20085536 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

Early motor development is part of the resource mix for language acquisition - a commentary on Iverson's 'Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development'

Journal of Child Language — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Taylor CL PMID: 20085669 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Child Language)

Cinderella indeed - a commentary on Iverson's 'Developing language in a developing body: the relationship between motor development and language development'

Journal of Child Language — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Adolph KE, Tamis-Lemonda CS, Karasik LB PMID: 20085670 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Child Language)

Evaluation of Swallowing Using 320-Detector-Row Multislice CT. Part I: Single- and Multiphase Volume Scanning for Three-dimensional Morphological and Kinematic Analysis

Dysphagia — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 17:42:26 +0100

Abstract A 320-detector-row multislice computed tomography (320-MSCT) scanner can acquire a volume data set covering a maximum range of 16 cm and can generate axial images 0.5-mm thick at 0.5-mm intervals. Three-dimensional (3D) images reconstructed from the thin axial slices include multiplanar reconstruction and 3D-CT. Single-phase 3D images are reconstructed from 0.175-s data, and multiphase 3D images are created in 29 phases at intervals of 0.1 s. Continuous replay of these 3D images produces four-dimensional moving images. In order to determine the feasibility of the morphologic and kinematic analyses of swallowing using 320-MSCT, single-phase volume scanning was performed on three patients and multiphase volume scanning was performed on one healthy vol...

Noninvasive Treatment Strategy for Swallowing Problems Related to Prolonged Nonoral Feeding in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type II

Dysphagia — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 17:42:24 +0100

Abstract A 25-year-old patient with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II was referred due to swallowing problems related to prolonged nonoral feeding. Restriction of jaw movement, neck stiffness, absence of oral food intake, and weakness of the oropharyngeal and laryngeal muscles were considered to be the main factors contributing to the deterioration of his swallowing function. Treatment comprised exercises to improve flexibility of the neck and temporomandibular joint, tactile oral stimulation, passive and active oropharyngolaryngeal exercises, and supraglottic swallowing maneuvers. Treatment was performed for 30 min per day, three times a week, for 7 months. On initial videofluoroscopic examination, the patient was unable to safely tolerate any per-oral nutri...

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Nonwords and Generalization in Children with Phonological Disorders.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The findings support the ecological validity of NWs in phonological treatment. The differential results hint that NWs may benefit treatment efficacy and efficiency, but this remains to be determined through prospective study. Consideration is given to a potential theoretical account of the NW effects, with appeal to the literature on novel word learning. PMID: 20086043 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology)

Handbook of Child Language Disorders.

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Munro N PMID: 20064103 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders)

The Acquisition of Sign Language: The Impact of Phonetic Complexity on Phonology

Language Learning and Development — Sat, 09 Jan 2010 15:37:02 +0100

(Source: Language Learning and Development)

Developmental Decline in the Acquisition of Spatial Language

Language Learning and Development — Sat, 09 Jan 2010 15:37:02 +0100

(Source: Language Learning and Development)

An Introduction to the Teachers Voice in a Biopsychosocial Perspective

Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2010;62:58 (DOI:10.1159/000239058) (Source: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles)

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Behavioral Treatment of Voice Disorders in Teachers

Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2010;62:923 (DOI:10.1159/000239059) (Source: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles)

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Teachers Voice Disorders and Psychosocial Working Conditions

Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2010;62:2434 (DOI:10.1159/000239060) (Source: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles)

The Impact of the Reactivity to Stress in Teachers with Voice Problems

Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2010;62:3539 (DOI:10.1159/000239061) (Source: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles)

Biopsychosocial Impact of Voicing and General Coping Style in Teachers

Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Folia Phoniatr Logop 2010;62:4046 (DOI:10.1159/000239062) (Source: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica : Last 20 articles)