MedWorm: Veterinary Research

Five Colleges of Veterinary Medicine Form Regional Consortium

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 06:00:14 +0100

Inaugural Meeting, Facilitated by Pfizer Animal Health, Offers Collaboration on Advancement of Initiatives Pivotal to Development of the Veterinary Profession(PRWeb February 02, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/2/prweb9162703.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

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Tolerability and efficacy of the intestinal phosphate binder Lantharenol(R) in cats

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The feed additive was well accepted and tolerated by all cats. Therefore, Lantharenol(R) presents a well tolerated and efficacious option to individually tailor restriction of dietary phosphorus as indicated for instance in feline chronic kidney disease. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

The sourdough fermentation may enhance the recovery from intestinal inflammation of coeliac patients at the early stage of the gluten-free diet

European Journal of Nutrition — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:12:01 +0100

Conclusions During manufacture of GF baked goods, the use of sourdough fermentation could be considered as an adjuvant to enhance the recovery from intestinal inflammation of coeliac patients at the early stage of the gluten-free diet. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short CommunicationPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00394-012-0303-yAuthors Maria Calasso, Department of Biologia e Chimica Agro-Forestale ed Ambientale, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, ItalyOlimpia Vincentini, Unit of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyFrancesco Valitutti, Department of Paediatrics, University of Rome, La Sapienza, University Hospital Umberto I Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyCristina Felli, Unit of H...

Biodistribution and dosimetry of 123I-mZIENT: a novel ligand for imaging serotonin transporters

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 07:19:30 +0100

Conclusion 123I-mZIENT may be a promising radioligand for imaging the serotonin transporters in humans with acceptable dosimetry. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short CommunicationPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-2056-xAuthors Alice Nicol, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southern General Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF UKRajeev Krishnadas, Sackler Institute of Psychobiological Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKSue Champion, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UKGilles Tamagnan, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT, USAJeffrey S. Stehouwer, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atla...

What is your diagnosis? CBC data and blood smear from a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Veterinary Clinical Pathology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Veterinary Clinical Pathology)

Parasites or not? Transposable elements in fruit flies

EurekAlert! - Biology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) The problem of parasitism occurs at all levels right down to the DNA scale. Genomes may contain up to 80 percent "foreign" DNA but details of the mechanisms by which this enters the host genome and how hosts attempt to combat its spread are still the subject of conjecture. Important new information comes from the group of Christian Schlötterer at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna. The findings are published in the prestigious journal PLoS Genetics. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)

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Binding of Escherichia coli to Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

Plasmonics — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:13:33 +0100

Abstract The molecular basis of the diversity of fimbrial lectins dictates the extent of adhesion in different types of Escherichia coli strains to mammalian cells. The mechanism of receptor binding by E. coli in eukaryotic cells differs based on the adhesin domains, patterns in the macromolecular structure and the ligand-binding groove. Current sensor technologies utilize biosensors that are based on the carbohydrate moieties that are involved in pathogen adhesion to host cells. Nanoparticles have been extensively used as carriers for pathogen detection. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of 200 nm size were functionalized with two distinct glycoconjugates mannose (Mn–Au NPs) and Neuαc(α2-3)-Gal-(β1-4)Glc–Paa (Sg–Au NPs) in order to investigate primary and fine sugar...

Antiviral activity of crude extracts from Commiphora swynnertonii against Newcastle disease virus in ovo

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:59:18 +0100

Abstract Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of crude extracts from resin, leaves, stem barks and root barks of Commiphora swynnertonii against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) using an in ovo assay. Nine-day-old embryonated chicken eggs were divided into seven groups (n = 6) and received various treatments. Six groups were inoculated with velogenic NDV strain; five groups out of these were treated with different concentrations of the four extracts or a diluent, dimethylsulphoxide. The uninoculated and inoculated groups were left as negative and positive controls, respectively. Embryo survival was observed daily and embryo weights were measured day 5 post-inoculation; a few eggs from selected groups were left to hatch. Allantoic fluid from treated eggs a...

Effect of management on reproductive performances of the Achai cattle in the Hindu Kush (Northern Pakistan)

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:59:17 +0100

This study evaluates the effect of management on the undocumented Achai cattle reproductive performance in transhumant farming systems (TFS) and in sedentary farming systems (SFS) in northwestern Pakistan. Data were collected from 172 households in TFS and 270 households in SFS to analyze the effect of farming systems, parity, and calving season on key reproductive traits. The results show that farming systems significantly affect pubertal age, while parity has no significant effect on any of the key traits. The calving season significantly affects the postpartum anoestrus interval in TFS only. More than 50% of the cows in both systems have postpartum anoestrus intervals and calving intervals within the recommended values for cows in tropical countries. Achai cows have high first-ser...

HEA Health Sciences Conference 2012

MEDEV News — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 15:21:55 +0100

The Health Sciences discipline cluster is based at the Higher Education Academy in York and consists of a core of 11 team members who are spread across the UK. The cluster primarily represents the disciplines of Nursing, Medicine Dentistry and Veterinary science and all subjects related to health. The first annual conference for the Health Sciences disciplines is to be held at the East Midlands Conference Centre on Thursday 31st May 2012. The focus of the conference will be: nnovative practice in Healthcare learning and teaching Simulation in Healthcare education Evolution of Technology enhanced learning in Healthcare education The delegate rate for conference attendance is £50 per attendee (not including any accommodation required) Attendees requiring financial assistance with tra...

Genotypes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from South American countries determined by two methods based on genomic repetitive sequences

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 06:55:45 +0100

In this study, the genotypes of MAP obtained so far in South American countries using a combination of the subtyping methods Mycobacterial Interspersed Repeats Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) and Multilocus Short Sequence Repeats (MLSSR) were analyzed. Through this analysis, seven different MIRU-VNTR genotypes and seven MLSSR genotypes have been detected. If both methods were combined, nine different genotypes were found. Results revealed the predominance of MIRU-VNTR genotype 1 (INMV 1) and MLSSR genotype A (7 g–10 g–4ggt) among MAP isolates from different host species in South America. These predominant MAP genotypes are also commonly detected in Europe and the United States. This predominance could be the result of higher animal infection ability ...

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Dietary Wolffia arrhiza meal as a substitute for soybean meal: its effects on the productive performance and egg quality of laying Japanese quails

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 06:55:44 +0100

In conclusion, WAM could be successfully used in place of SBM. However, the amount used should not exceed 16.0%. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11250-012-0091-7Authors Tawadchai Suppadit, The Graduate School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration, Bangkapi District, Bangkok, 10240 ThailandSanchai Jaturasitha, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Muang District, Chiang Mai, 50200 ThailandNapassawan Sunthorn, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, ThailandPukkapong Poungsuk, Department of Agricultural Education, Faculty of Industrial Education, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang,...

Farm and socio-economic characteristics of smallholder milk producers and their influence on technology adoption in Central Mexico

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 06:55:43 +0100

Abstract In order to identify the factors influencing adoption of technologies promoted by government to small-scale dairy farmers in the highlands of central Mexico, a field survey was conducted. A total of 115 farmers were grouped through cluster analysis (CA) and divided into three wealth status categories (high, medium and low) using wealth ranking. Chi-square analysis was used to examine the association of wealth status with technology adoption. Four groups of farms were differentiated in terms of farms’ dimensions, farmers’ education, sources of incomes, wealth status, management of herd, monetary support by government and technological availability. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the milk yield per herd per year among groups. Governmen...

Lipooligosaccharide locus classes are associated with certain Campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence types

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 06:54:13 +0100

Abstract The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) locus class was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 335 Finnish Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from humans, poultry and bovines with known multilocus sequence types. The results revealed an association between clonal complexes/sequence types (STs) and LOS locus classes. Based on these results, we further predicted the LOS locus classes distribution among the STs of 209 additional C. jejuni strains from Finnish human domestically acquired infections. Non-sialylated LOS locus classes were associated with STs that comprised ≈55% of patient strains. Sialylated LOS locus classes A and B were associated with STs infrequently isolated, whereas class C was correlated with the ST-21 complex, found in ≈14% of human stra...

Abdominal ultrasonographic findings at diagnosis of osteosarcoma in dogs and association with treatment outcome

Veterinary and Comparative Oncology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to describe abdominal ultrasonographic findings present at diagnosis of osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs and to investigate for associations with treatment outcome. Medical records from 118 dogs diagnosed with OSA that had abdominal ultrasonography performed as part of their initial evaluation were reviewed. Fifty‐seven percent had ultrasonographic abnormalities identified. The organ with the highest frequency of ultrasonographic changes was the spleen. While most sonographic changes were considered to be either benign or of unknown clinical consequences, metastases were identified in three dogs (2.5%), two of which (1.7%) did not have other evidence of metastasis. Dogs with any ultrasonographic abnormality were less likely to receive definitive therapy (P...

Experimental Soybean Meal Intoxication in Cattle

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceAmmonia accumulation in blood during the second phase is the consequence of continued ammonia production, decreased carbohydrate fermentation, and overwhelming of hepatic detoxifying capacity. Because ammonia accumulation is associated with the clinical signs, treatment of SBM intoxication could be similar to treatment of urea intoxication, including rumenotomy, oral administration of cold water and vinegar, and measurement of ruminal pH. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

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A longitudinal study on diarrhoea and vomiting in young dogs of four large breeds

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Both diarrhoea and vomiting occurred most frequently during the first months of life. The incidence of diarrhoea and vomiting was significantly different between breeds. Diarrhoea occurred more frequently in males and in dogs living in urban areas. Also, a positive association between the occurrence of diarrhoea and vomiting in the same dog was found. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Serological and bacteriological responses of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) vaccinated with two doses of Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccine

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:11:52 +0100

Abstract Thirty-two water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves aged 6–10 months were used to evaluate serological responses to Brucella abortus strain RB51 (RB51) vaccination in a dose–response study and to compare the use of two selective media for the isolation of RB51. The animals were randomly divided into three treatment groups. Groups I–III received the recommended vaccine dose (RD) twice 4 weeks apart, RD twice 18 weeks apart and saline once, respectively. Lymph nodes were excised from the three groups and subjected to bacteriological examination to determine the frequency of detection of RB51. Pre- and post-vaccination blood samples were collected and tested for B. abortus antibodies using the buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT), complement fixa...

Long term intensive exercise training leads to a higher plasma malate/lactate dehydrogenase (M/L) ratio and increased level of lipid mobilization in horses

Veterinary Research Communications — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:11:19 +0100

Abstract Continuous high intensity training may induce alterations to enzyme activities related to glucose and lipid metabolism in horses. In our study, five Thoroughbred race horses (3 male and 2 female, avg age = 5 yrs old) were compared against five riding horses (1 male, 1 female, 3 gelding, avg age = 13 yrs old) in terms of energy metabolism, by examining plasma malate (MDH) and lactate (LDH) dehydrogenase activities and M/L ratio. MDH is involved in NADH and ATP generation, whereas LDH can convert NADH back into NAD+ for ATP generation. An increase in plasma M/L ratio can reflect heightened energy metabolism in the liver and skeletal muscle of horses adapted to continuous intensive exercise. Moreover, plasma lipid metabolism analytes (adiponectin, NE...

A transgenic Marc-145 cell line of piggyBac transposon-derived targeting shRNA interference against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Veterinary Research Communications — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:11:19 +0100

In this study, we designed 5 of the small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting the GP5 and M gene of PRRSV respectively, and investigated their inhibition to the production of PRRSV. The highest activity displayed in shRNAs of the ORF6e sequence (nts 261-279), which the inhibition rate reached was 99.09%. The result suggests that RNAi technology might serve as a potential molecular strategy for PRRSV therapy. Furthermore, the transgenic Marc-145 cell line of piggyBac transposon-derived targeting shRNA interference against PRRS virus was established. It presented stable inhibition to the replication and amplification of PRRS. The work implied that shRNAs targeting the GP5 and M gene of PRRSV may be used as potential RNA vaccines in vivo, and supplied the screening methods of transformed pig...

Blood glutamate scavengers prolong the survival of rats and mice with brain-implanted gliomas

Investigational New Drugs — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:10:49 +0100

Summary L-Glutamate (Glu) plays a crucial role in the growth of malignant gliomas. We have established the feasibility of accelerating a naturally occurring brain to-blood Glu efflux by decreasing blood Glu levels with intravenous oxaloacetate, the respective Glu co-substrate of the blood resident enzyme humane glutamate–oxaloacetate transaminase (hGOT). We wished to demonstrate that blood Glu scavenging provides neuroprotection in the case of glioma. We now describe the neuroprotective effects of blood Glu scavenging in a fatal condition such as brain-implanted C6 glioma in rats and brain-implanted human U87 MG glioma in nude mice. Rat (C-6) or human (U87) glioma cells were grafted stereotactically in the brain of rats or mice. After development of tumors, the animals w...

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Histochemical and Morphometric Analyses of the Musculature of the Forelimb of the Subterranean Rodent Ctenomys talarum (Octodontoidea)

Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryHistochemical and morphometric analyses were performed to characterize the fibre‐type composition of two forelimb muscles of the South American subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum. The studied muscles were the triceps lateralis, an extensor of the elbow, and the teres major, a flexor of the shoulder. It was found that these muscles had an elevated proportion of fast oxidative‐glycolytic (FOG) fibres, and lower proportions of slow oxidative (SO) and fast glycolytic (FG) fibres. This composition probably qualifies the teres major and triceps muscles to perform the sustained effort required in tunnelling excavation. The results were discussed considering published data on fibre‐type composition of mammals having different modes of life and digging behaviour. We here suggest that...

Effect of dexmedetomidine on its clearance: a pharmacokinetic model

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Clotrimazole and enilconazole distribution within the frontal sinuses and nasal cavity of nine dogs with sinonasal aspergillosis

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The objective of this study was to describe the distribution and retention of enilconazole and clotrimazole solutions using a temporary trephination protocol.Methods: Nine client‐owned dogs diagnosed with mycotic rhinosinusitis between March 2008 and December 2009 were prospectively enrolled and were sequentially allocated to receive treatment with either clotrimazole (1% in polyethylene glycol) or enilconazole (10% solution), after imaging and rhinoscopic assessment. Both frontal sinuses were trephined, debrided and flushed with saline. Infusion was administered via frontal sinuses with dogs in sternal recumbency and computed tomography (CT) performed 5 minutes after completion. Distribution was scored 1 to 4 at the canine tooth, premolar 4, cribriform plate and frontal sinus on both si...

Concentrations of Plasma Metabolites, Hormones, and mRNA Abundance of Adipose Leptin and Hormone‐Sensitive Lipase in Ketotic and Nonketotic Dairy Cows

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe ketotic cows showed characteristics of type I ketosis and some adaptive changes to negative energy balance in the plasma leptin concentration and mRNA abundance of fat leptin and hormone‐sensitive lipase. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

The Use of Darbepoetin to Stimulate Erythropoiesis in Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats: 25 Cases

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDarbepoetin is effective for treatment of anemia of kidney disease in cats. Pure red cell aplasia appears to be less common with darbepoetin than with epoetin usage. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

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Evaluation of Levetiracetam as Adjunctive Treatment for Refractory Canine Epilepsy: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Crossover Trial

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAdjunctive treatment with LEV appears safe in epileptic dogs. Efficacy of LEV over placebo was not demonstrated, although the power of the study was limited. Further evaluation of LEV as treatment for epilepsy in dogs is warranted. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Double‐Masked, Placebo‐Controlled Study of Intravenous Levetiracetam for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus and Acute Repetitive Seizures in Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLEV was safe and potentially effective for the treatment of SE and ARS in these client‐owned dogs. Larger, controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm this preliminary observation. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Repeated post-exercise administration with a mixture of leucine and glucose alters the plasma amino acid profile in Standardbred trotters

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Repeated post-exercise administration with a mixture of leucine and glucose caused a marked insulin response and altered the plasma amino acid profile in horses in a similar manner as described in man. However, the decreases seen in plasma amino acids in horses seem to be related more to an effect of leucine and not to the insulin response as seen in man. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Ectopic ossification presenting as osteoid metaplasia in a salivary mucocele in a Shih Tzu dog

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In the present case, the pathogenesis was probably associated with the presence of sialoliths, which can behave as etiological agents for the metaplastic lesion. The occurrence of osteoid metaplasia is a rare peculiar condition in the canine salivar y gland, and due to the rarity and lack of information about this specific disease, no clinical data can yet be associated with the development of salivary mucocele with osseous metaplasia in dogs. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

Embryonic and Fetal Development in – Pigmy Rice Rat – Oligoryzomys sp. (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) and its Significance for Being a new Experimental Model

Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryOligoryzomys (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) is a common rodent genus from South America that includes a couple of very similar species. Related species have been used as experimental model for understanding several diseases for which these species are reservoirs. In order to provide a better understanding of the embryological aspects of this group, herein we showed data on the embryonic and fetal development in Oligoryzomys sp. Eight specimens of different stages of gestation were obtained from the Collection of the Zoology Museum of University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Gestational ages were estimated by crown‐rump‐length according to Evans and Sack (). To address our analysis after examining the gross morphology, tissues from several organs were processed for light and scanning electr...

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Differential gene expression of CYP3A isoforms in equine liver and intestines

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 22:24:16 +0100

In this study, we have examined the hepatic and intestinal gene expression of these CYP3A isoforms using TaqMan probes. We have also studied the enzyme activity using luciferin‐isopropyl acetal (LIPA) as a substrate. The results show a differential gene expression of the CYP3A isoforms in the liver and intestines in horses. In the liver, CYP3A89, CYP3A94, CYP3A96 and CYP3A97 were highly expressed, while in the intestine there were only two dominating isoforms, CYP3A93 and CYP3A96. The isoform CYP3A129 was not detected in the liver or the intestine, although this gene consists of a complete set of exons and should therefore code for a functional protein. It is possible that this gene is expressed in tissues other than the liver and intestines. In the intestine, both CYP3A96 and CYP3A93 sh...

Equine cestodosis: a sero-epidemiological study of Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in Ethiopia

Veterinary Research Communications — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:46:05 +0100

Abstract A 12/13 kDa antigen, tapeworm ELISA test, developed for use in horses, was used to detect parasite-specific serum antibody, IgG(T), in the serum of donkeys. In a pilot study the 12/13 kDa antigen was tested and proved to detect the antibody, IgG(T), in donkey sera. Blood samples from 797 donkeys, naturally exposed to cestode infection, from four geographical localities were collected and sera were prepared and analysed. There was substantial serological evidence that donkeys were potentially infected with A. perfoliata. A range of ELISA OD values were obtained from the serological assay. Over 26% and 7.5% of the donkeys were moderately and highly infected, respectively, showing at least a 34% sero-prevalence. The rest, 66.1%, were either with low infectio...

Livestock, Not Mongolian Gazelles, Drive Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreaks

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 11:00:00 +0100

Wildlife health experts from the Wildlife Conservation Society have published evidence which supports the conclusion that Mongolian gazelles - one of the most populous large land mammals on the planet - are not a reservoir of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly contagious viral disease that threatens both wildlife and livestock in Asia. Outbreaks of FMD in Mongolia affect domestic sheep, goats, camels, and cattle as well as Mongolian gazelles... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Pharmacokinetic interactions of flunixin meglumine and doxycycline in broiler chickens

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Development and comparison of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Dichelobacter nodosus with culturing and conventional PCR: harmonisation between three laboratories

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The developed real-time PCR assay has good specificity and sensitivity for detection of D. nodosus, and the results are easy to interpret. The method is less time-consuming than either culturing or conventional PCR. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

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Investigations on the conjunctival goblet cells and the characteristics of the glands associated with the eye in chinchillas (Chinchilla Laniger)

Veterinary Ophthalmology — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Chinchillas possess a Harderian gland, a lacrimal gland, and Meibomian glands. The GC density in the nasal and temporal palpebral conjunctiva is higher than in guinea pigs. (Source: Veterinary Ophthalmology)

A clinical trial comparing parenteral oxytetracyline and enrofloxacin on time to recovery in sheep lame with acute or chronic footrot in Kashmir, India

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We conclude that use of parenteral antibacterials to treat sheep lame with either acute or chronic footrot in India is highly effective. This is likely to improve welfare and give economic benefits to the farmers. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

Population dynamics and ORF3 gene evolution of porcine circovirus type 2 circulating in Korea

Archives of Virology — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:06:12 +0100

This study was conducted to investigate the status and population dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in Korea and to assess the molecular evolutionary pattern of the two biologically important, overlapping open reading frames, the ORF1 and ORF3 genes. A wide range of PCV2 genomic sequences (entire genome, ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3) collected between 2001 and 2010 were analyzed using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo and maximum-likelihood approaches. These techniques identified the PCV2d genotype and the 2Ek cluster of PCV2a in Korea for the first time. Second, the genotypic shift of PCV2b dominating over PCV2a likely occurred between 2002 and 2004 due to a population expansion of PCV2b. In the context of positive Darwinian selection, the results uncovered independent evoluti...

Characterisation of smallholder dairy production systems using animal welfare and milk quality

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:05:35 +0100

Abstract The aim of the current study was to characterise and evaluate production system of smallholder dairy farmers using an index based on combined score of animal welfare and milk quality. Farms were grouped into three categories, tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3. To test the robustness of the characterisation, milk yield (MY), calving interval (CI) and body condition scores (BCS) were used. In the study area, the majority (66.3%) of smallholder dairy farmers practiced cut-and-carry as compared to 15.3% who grazed their cows. The rest combined cut-and-carry and grazing. Cows of farmers in tier 1 had the lowest mean MY (5.4 kg/day, SE = 0.4), lowest mean BCS (2.1 kg/day, SE = 0.09) and longest mean CI (603 days, SE = 27) than farmers in tier 3, mean M...

Prion protein gene polymorphism in four West African sheep populations

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:05:34 +0100

Abstract A total of 162 individuals, belonging to three Burkinabé and one Niger sheep populations, were analysed for prion protein (PrP) gene polymorphism at codons 136, 154 and 171. The ARQ allele was the most frequent in both the Burkinabé (86.7%) and the Niger (67.5%) sheep populations. The highly sensitive allele VRQ was not found in the sampled individuals. The highly resistant ARR allele was in very low frequency in the Burkina-Sahel (4.4%) and Mossi (3.2%) populations and was not present in the Djallonké and Touareg populations. Only 4 out of 15 possible PrP genotypes were identified in the sampled individuals. No favourable ARR/ARR genotypes were found in either of the breeds. Sequencing a subgroup of the samples allowed the identification of other five polymorp...

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Association of herd BRSV and BHV-1 seroprevalence with respiratory disease and reproductive performance in adult dairy cattle

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: BHV-1 was not associated with acute respiratory disease in adult dairy cattle, however was significantly related to reproductive performance. BRSV possesses the main role in respiratory disease complex in adult dairy cattle. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Evaluation of two dairy herd reproductive performance indicators that are adjusted for voluntary waiting period

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: PV30 is the single best performance indicator for estimating the level of both herd management efficiency and reproductive physiology followed by NotIC200 and IC100. This indicates that PV30 could be a potential candidate for inclusion in dairy herd improvement schemes. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Development and validation of a multiclass method for the determination of veterinary drug residues in chicken by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Talanta — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lopes RP, Reyes RC, Romero-González R, Frenich AG, Vidal JL Abstract A multiclass method has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of 20 veterinary drug residues belonging to several classes, as quinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides, anthelmintics, avermectins and diamino derivatives, and benzathine, used as a marker of the presence of penicillin, in muscle chicken. It has been based on QuEChERS methodology (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Several chromatographic conditions were optimized, obtaining a running time <8.5min. The developed method was validated on the basis of international guidelines. Mean recoverie...

Jak of all trades? Not of leukaemia therapy!

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) Treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia usually relies on inhibitors of the abnormal protein that causes the condition but some patients do not respond to treatment and efforts are underway to develop a supplementary approach, targeting the so-called JAK2 kinase. Recent results from a team of researchers from Vienna, Austria, have called this strategy into question. The work is published in advance in Nature Chemical Biology online and is of immediate relevance to leukaemia treatment. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Estimation of genetic parameters for body weight and egg production traits in Mazandaran native chicken

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 16:31:39 +0100

Abstract Native chicken breeding station of Mazandaran was established in 1988 with two main objectives: genetic improvement through selection programs and dissemination of indigenous Mazandarani birds. (Co)variance components and genetic parameters for economically important traits were estimated using (bi) univariate animal models with ASREML procedure in Mazandarani native chicken. The data were from 18 generations of selection (1988–2009). Heritability estimates for body weight at different ages [at hatch (bw1), 8 (bw8), 12 (bw12) weeks of ages and sex maturation (wsm)] ranged from 0.24 ± 0.00 to 0.47 ± 0.01. Heritability for reproductive traits including age at sex maturation (asm); egg number (en); weight of first egg (ew1); average egg weight at 28 (ew28...

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AVMA; Issues; Community; Practice.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:46:33 +0100

Authors: PMID: 22280375 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Effects of butorphanol on the minimum anesthetic concentration for sevoflurane in guineafowl (Numida meleagris).

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:46:22 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-In guineafowl, the MAC for sevoflurane was similar to values reported for other species. Increasing the butorphanol dosage decreased the MAC for sevoflurane, but the effect was small and of short duration for dosages up to 4 mg/kg. PMID: 22280376 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Comparison of two methods for analyzing kinetic gait data in dogs.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:46:11 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Findings indicated that when comparing kinetic data overtime, additional insight may be gleaned from GIFA of the complete waveform, particularly when subtle waveform differences are present. PMID: 22280377 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Use of contrast echocardiography for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of myocardial perfusion and pulmonary transit time in healthy dogs.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:46:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Contrast echocardiography appeared to be a repeat-able and safe technique for use in the evaluation of global MP and PTT in healthy dogs, and it improved delineation of the endocardial border in dogs. PMID: 22280378 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Effects of ivabradine on heart rate and left ventricular function in healthy cats and cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:49 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Ivabradine had significant effects on several cardiovascular variables in anesthetized cats with HCM. Studies in awake cats with HCM are needed to clinically validate these findings. PMID: 22280379 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

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Comparison of gel column, card, and cartridge techniques for dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 blood typing.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:38 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The card agglutination assay and immunochromatographic cartridge method, performed by trained personnel, were suitable for in-clinic emergency DEA 1.1 blood typing. There may be errors, particularly for samples from dogs with IMHA, and the immunochromatographic cartridge method may have an advantage of allowing typing of samples with persistent autoagglutination. The laboratory gel-based method would be preferred for routine DEA 1.1 typing of donors and patients if it is available and time permits. Current DEA 1.1 typing techniques appear to be appropriately standardized and easy to use. PMID: 22280380 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of ultrasonography for measurement of skin thickness in Shar-Peis.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:28 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Ultrasonography was a useful tool to assess skin thickness, and in Shar-Peis, it might be considered a valid alternative to invasive methods such as histologic examination to objectively estimate the severity of hereditary cutaneous hyaluronosis. PMID: 22280381 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Micro-computed tomography of the head and dentition in cadavers of clinically normal rabbits.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:16 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Micro-CT appeared to be a promising technique for appropriate diagnosis of dental disease in rabbits. Further research is needed to determine the clinical applications of micro-CT imaging. PMID: 22280382 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Comparison of direct versus radiographic measurement of sagittal otoliths in cadavers of bogue (Boops boops).

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:05 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Radiographic examination of sagittae was useful to determine the length of sagittal otoliths and, consequently, the fish length. In ecological applications, the radiographic measurement of sagittal otolith length may be useful for studies on the aquatic diet of organisms (fish, pinnipeds, and marine birds) because it allows for quick back-calculation to the size of prey. PMID: 22280383 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of serum concentrations of cortisol and sex hormones of adrenal gland origin after stimulation with two synthetic ACTH preparations in clinically normal dogs.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:44:52 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Except for androstenedione concentrations, a high dose of the depot tetracosactide (250 μg, IM) induced an adrenocortical response similar to that after administration of tetracosactide. Thus, depot tetracosactide may represent an alternative to the nonadsorbed tetracosactide product. PMID: 22280384 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

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Evaluation of circulating concentrations of glucose homeostasis biomarkers, progesterone, and growth hormone in healthy Elkhounds during anestrus and diestrus.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:44:40 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results provided evidence that circulating insulin concentrations during diestrus are higher than those during anestrus in Elkhounds, which could contribute to development of diestrus-associated diabetes mellitus. PMID: 22280385 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of an alternative method of herd classification for infection with paratuberculosis in cattle herds in the United States.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:44:29 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Analysis of the findings indicated that a scientifically rigorous and transparent herd classification system for JD in cattle is feasible. PMID: 22280386 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of horizontal transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1a from experimentally infected white-tailed deer fawns (Odocoileus virginianus) to colostrum-deprived calves.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:44:17 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-On the basis of these findings, BVDV transmission from acutely infected fawns to colostrum-deprived calves appeared possible. PMID: 22280387 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Comparison of reliability of five patellar position indices at various stifle joint angles in pelvic limbs obtained from cadavers of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes).

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:44:05 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-IS and mIS index values were effectively independent of stifle joint angle, in contrast to dC, PT, and BP indices. The BP index varied nonsignificantly across a range of joint angles. To maximize angular accuracy, radiographs should not be obtained at joint angles > 100°. Although dC, PT, and BP indices appeared to be suitable for preoperative and postoperative evaluation of patellar position, BP index appeared to have the most promise for determination of patellar position in clinical applications. PMID: 22280388 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of tyrosinase expression in canine and equine melanocytic tumors.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:43:53 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-In the present study, the methods used were highly sensitive and specific for detection of tyrosinase expression in equine and canine tumors, and overexpression of this transcript in melanomas was detected. This suggested that a DNA vaccine developed for use in dogs with melanoma that targets tyrosinase may be considered for use in other affected species, such as horses. PMID: 22280389 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

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Refractive states of eyes and associations between ametropia and age, breed, and axial globe length in domestic cats.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:43:41 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Correlations were detected between age and breed and between age and refractive states of feline eyes. Mean refractive error changed significantly as a function of age, and kittens had greater negative refractive error than did adult cats. Domestic shorthair cats were significantly more likely to be myopic than were domestic mediumhair or domestic longhair cats. Domestic cats should be included in the animals in which myopia can be detected at a young age, with a likelihood of progression to emmetropia as cats mature. PMID: 22280390 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine administered intravenously in isoflurane-anesthetized cats.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:43:29 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Disposition of dexmedetomidine administered via short-duration IV infusion in isoflurane-anesthetized cats was characterized by a moderate clearance and a long terminal half-life. PMID: 22280391 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of oral and injectable formulations of methadone after intravenous, oral, and intragastric administration in horses.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:43:17 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Absorption of methadone in the small intestine in horses appeared to be limited owing to the low bioavailability after intragastric administration. Better understanding of drug disposition, including absorption, could lead to a more appropriate choice of administration route that would enhance analgesia and minimize adverse effects in horses. PMID: 22280392 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Effects of in vitro exposure to autologous blood and serum on expression of interleukin-8, interleukin-1β, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 in equine primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:43:04 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggested that chemokine expression by cultured equine BECs following exposure to pulmonary hemorrhage conditions may contribute to the development of inflammatory airway disease in horses. PMID: 22280393 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Effectiveness of a bipolar vessel sealant device for sealing uterine horns and bodies from dogs.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:42:52 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The failure pressure for both sealing techniques was high, which indicated that the VSD may be a safe instrument for sealing the uterine horn in dogs. Given the low mean bursting pressure for seals in uterine bodies with large diameters, the VSD cannot be recommended for sealing uterine bodies ≥ 9 mm in diameter. PMID: 22280394 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

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Effect of a solution of hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate-N-acetyl glucosamine on the repair response of cartilage to single-impact load damage.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:42:40 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-1% HCNAG significantly affected apoptotic and repair cell numbers in an SIL damage-repair technique in adult equine articular cartilage. However, HCNAG had no effect on the number of PCNA-positive chondrocytes or on type II collagen immunohistochemical results. The inclusion of 1% HCNAG in lavage solutions administered after arthroscopy may be beneficial to cartilage health by increasing the number of repair cells and decreasing the number of apoptotic cells. PMID: 22280395 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Effect of scaffold dilution on migration of mesenchymal stem cells from fibrin hydrogels.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:42:27 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-MSC migration from fibrin hydrogels increased with dilution of the fibrinogen component for both autologous and commercial sources. These data supported the feasibility of using diluted fibrin hydrogels for rapid delivery of MSCs to the surface of damaged tissues. PMID: 22280396 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Evaluation of skin samples for bovine viral diarrhea virus by use of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay after vaccination of cattle with a modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:42:15 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-These findings indicated that it would be unlikely to detect BVDV vaccine virus in skin by use of RT-PCR assay of individual or pooled skin samples obtained from cattle after vaccination with a commercially available modified-live BVDV vaccine. Veterinarians and producers should be confident that positive test results for BVDV on skin samples would not likely be caused by the vaccination virus after administration of a modified-live virus vaccine. PMID: 22280397 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and propofol combination administered as ketofol via continuous infusion in cats

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Zonca, A., Ravasio, G., Gallo, M., Montesissa, C., Carli, S., Villa, R., Cagnardi, P. Pharmacokinetics of ketamine and propofol combination administered as ketofol via continuous infusion in cats. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2885.2012.01377.x.The pharmacokinetics of the extemporaneous combination of low doses of ketamine and propofol, known as ‘ketofol’, frequently used for emergency procedures in humans to achieve safe sedation and analgesia was studied in cats. The study was performed to assess propofol, ketamine and norketamine kinetics in six female cats that received ketamine and propofol (1:1 ratio) as a loading dose (2 mg/kg each, IV) followed by a continuous infusion (10 mg/kg/h each, IV, 25 min of length). Blood samples were collected during the infu...

Low prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Somali pastoral livestock, southeast Ethiopia

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 16:52:10 +0100

Abstract A cross-sectional study of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) detected by the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CIDT) was conducted in livestock of the Somali region in southeast Ethiopia—in four pastoral associations from January to August 2009. In 94 herds, each of 15 cattle, camels, and goats was tested per herd leading to a total of 1,418 CIDT tested animals, with 421 cattle, 479 camels, and 518 goats. A herd was considered positive if it had at least one reactor. Prevalence per animal species was calculated using a xtgee model for each species. The individual animal prevalence was 2.0% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5–8.4], 0.4% (95% CI, 0.1–3%), and 0.2% (95% CI, 0.03–1.3) in cattle, camels, and goats, respectively. Prevalence of avian mycobacterium ...

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Challenges and opportunities for smallholder livestock production in post-conflict South Kivu, eastern DR Congo

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 16:52:09 +0100

Abstract A survey on smallholder livestock production with emphasis on monogastric animals was conducted in 20 villages of seven so-called ‘groupements’ of South Kivu province in DR Congo, situated along a north to south-west axis with the town of Bukavu in the center. This land adjacent to Lake Kivu is located at elevations ranging around 900–1900 m asl, experiencing tropical highland climate. A diagnostic survey helped to rapidly obtain in-depth knowledge of constraints and opportunities in this environment. Correspondence analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to investigate the association of production constraints with particular livestock species and to understand the factors that govern the number of livestock that people owned (converted to t...

Comparative activity of pradofloxacin and marbofloxacin against coagulase‐positive staphylococci in a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model based on canine pharmacokinetics

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:48:51 +0100

Körber‐Irrgang, B., Wetzstein, H.‐G., Bagel‐Trah, S., Hafner, D., Kresken, M. Comparative activity of pradofloxacin and marbofloxacin against coagulase‐positive staphylococci in a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model based on canine pharmacokinetics. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365‐2885.2011.01361.x.Pradofloxacin (PRA), a novel veterinary 8‐cyano‐fluoroquinolone (FQ), is active against Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, the primary cause of canine pyoderma. An in vitro pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model was used to compare the activities of PRA and marbofloxacin (MAR) against three clinical isolates of S. pseudintermedius and reference strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Experiments were performed involving populations of 1010 CFU corresponding...

BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Ultrasonography

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:31 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice)

Feline Emergency and Critical Care Medicine

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:30 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice)

Clinical research in practice: animal test certificates

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:28 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice)

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Urine specific gravity values in clinically healthy young pet ferrets (Mustela furo)

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:20 +0100

Objectives: To determine urine specific gravity values in clinically healthy pet ferrets and explore possible associations with sex, sampling techniques, hydration status and urine analytes.Methods: Sixty‐nine entire ferrets of both sexes, under one year of age, were included in this study. Physical examination, complete blood count, blood biochemistry, urine microscopy, urine dipstick and urine specific gravity were performed on all ferrets. Urine specific gravity was determined using a handheld urine refractometer. Statistical analysis was performed to determine urine specific gravity value intervals and to test for associations with sex, sample collection method, packed cell volume, plasma total protein concentrations and urine analytes.Results: Urine specific gravity differed by sex ...

Complications associated with temporary tracheostomy tubes in 42 dogs (1998 to 2007)

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:19 +0100

Objective: To identify the type and frequency of tracheostomy tube complications, and to determine factors associated with these complications, and with poor outcome.Methods: A database search for dogs undergoing temporary tube tracheostomy was performed. The medical records were scrutinised. The signalment, respiratory disease history, diagnosis, surgery, type and frequency of tube care procedures, type of complications and outcome were recorded.Results: Forty‐two records were found. Complications occurred in 36 of 42 (86%) cases. Bulldogs were more likely to dislodge the tube than other breeds (P=0·0376), and cases with three or more complication types underwent more routine care procedures than those with fewer complications (P=0·0370). Thirty‐four of 42 (81%) dogs had a successfu...

Surgical therapy for canine congenital valvular pulmonic stenosis: when and how?

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:13 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Small Animal Practice)

Use of a preputial circumferential mucosal flap for hypospadias management in a Boston terrier

The Journal of Small Animal Practice — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:47:03 +0100

An eight‐week‐old male Boston terrier presented for penile desiccation and urine pooling in the prepuce due to congenital hypospadias. An advancement flap was created from the dorsal mucosa of the incompletely formed prepuce and sutured circumferentially to construct a longer distal preputial mucosa. V‐ to Y‐plasty of the ventral abdominal skin was utilised to create the preputial skin overlying the mucosal flap. Urethrostomy and partial penile amputation were also performed. Following surgery, the clinical signs of penile desiccation and preputial urine pooling resolved and acceptable cosmetic appearance was achieved. This technique may be considered for glandular or penile hypospadias or following resection of the ventral aspect of the distal prepuce when inadequate tissue is pre...

Prevalence, Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Emergent Arcobacter spp. from Clinically Healthy Cattle and Goats

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:39:55 +0100

SummaryPrevalence, distribution and antibiotic resistance of Arcobacter spp. were investigated in cattle, goats, floor and treated water samples in this study. The prevalence of Arcobacter in adult and young was recorded as 8/110 (7.27%) and 4/83 (4.81%), respectively, which showed insignificant difference (P = 0.3503) in detection rates between adult and young cattle. A total of 33.33% of the floor samples and 11.11% of the treated water samples analysed were determined as positive for Arcobacter. Among the species isolated, over all, A. butzleri (45%) was the most frequently detected species, followed by A. skirrowii (5%). A. butzleri was isolated from adult cattle, floor and water samples at the rates of 75.0%, 33.4% and 50%, respectively. Co‐colonization of species was not unc...

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Sensilla on the antennal funiculus of the horse stomach bot fly, Gasterophilus nigricornis

Medical and Veterinary Entomology — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:35:56 +0100

Gasterophilus nigricornis (Loew) (Diptera: Oestridae) is one of the most damaging obligate parasites of equids in Kalamaili, Xinjiang, China. The main olfactory organs of this stomach bot fly are paired antennae that bear microscopic sensillar structures. The external morphology of the antennal funiculus and sensilla of male G. nigricornis were studied using stereopic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A cross‐sectional view of the funiculus shows it to be triangular, with an anterodorsal surface, a dorsolateral margin and a posteroventral surface. Almost the entire surface of the funiculus is densely covered with microtrichiae. Small patches lacking these microtrichiae appear as depressions or pits in the surface of the funiculus. Six distinct types of sensilla are recorded, i...

The role of nuclear technologies in the diagnosis and control of livestock diseases—a review

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:54:44 +0100

Abstract Nuclear and nuclear-related technologies have played an important role in animal health, particularly in relation to disease diagnosis and characterization of pathogenic organisms. This review focuses primarily on how and where nuclear technologies, both non-isotopic and isotopic methods, have made their impact in the past and where it might be expected they could have an impact in the future. The review outlines the extensive use of radiation attenuation in attempts to create vaccines for a multiplicity of pathogenic organisms and how the technology is being re-examined in the light of recent advances in irradiation techniques and cryopreservation/lyophilization that might obviate some of the problems of maintenance of viable, attenuate vaccines and their transpo...

Stem cell-based tissue engineering in veterinary orthopaedics

Cell and Tissue Research — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 17:54:29 +0100

Abstract Regenerative medicine is one of the most intensively researched medical branches, with enormous progress every year. When it comes to translating research from bench to bedside, many of the pioneering innovations are achieved by cooperating teams of human and veterinary medical scientists. The veterinary profession has an important role to play in this new and evolving technology, holding a great scientific potential, because animals serve widely as models for human medicine and results obtained from animals may serve as preclinical results for human medicine. Regenerative veterinary medicine utilizing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) for the treatment of acute injuries as well as chronic disorders is gradually turning into clinical routine. As orthopaedic disorder...

Kate Freeman's Veterinarian Community Service Finds Support in Sun-Times Spay/Neuter Report

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 11:00:00 +0100

DAVIS, Calif., Jan. 27, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- According to a recent article from the Chicago Sun-Times, an Illinois-area veterinarian group is opening a new high-tech, low-cost clinic, focusing exclusively on providing affordable spaying and neutering services. The article notes that such services are vital for controlling the pet population as well as providing services to aid animal rescue organizations and lower income individuals. The report also highlights the need for low-cost spay and neuter options, and has drawn the attention of vets like Kate Freeman, a UC Davis resident who advocates for veterinary community service. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

VETORYL (Trilostane) Capsule [Dechra Veterinary Products]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 27, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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Validation of a new point‐of‐care assay for determination of β‐carotene concentration in bovine whole blood and plasma

Veterinary Clinical Pathology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsConcentrations of β‐carotene can be measured in blood and plasma from cattle easily and rapidly using a POC assay, and results are comparable to those obtained by the highly sophisticated HPLC method. Immediate feedback regarding β‐carotene deficiency facilitates rapid and appropriate optimization of β‐carotene supplementation in feed. (Source: Veterinary Clinical Pathology)

Relationship of orthopedic examination, goniometric measurements, and radiographic signs of degenerative joint disease in cats

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Radiographic DJD cannot be diagnosed with certainty using palpation or goniometry. However, negative findings tend to predict radiographically normal joints. Palpation and goniometry may be used as a tool to help to screen cats, mostly to rule out DJD. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

A comparative study of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis in experimentally infected pigs

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The study shows that both subspecies were able to infect pigs. Additionally, the more extensive shedding of Mah might cause pig-to-pig transmission and contribute to the higher incidence of infection caused by this subspecies. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

Dancing with wolves -- prestigious award goes to a scientist at the Vetmeduni Vienna

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) The American Psychological Association has recognized Friederike Range of the Messerli Research Institute at the Vetmeduni Vienna with its 2012 Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution to Psychology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Strategies for Collaboration in the Interdisciplinary Field of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases

Zoonoses and Public Health — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 23:03:50 +0100

SummaryThe integration of the veterinary, medical and environmental sciences necessary to predict, prevent or respond to emerging zoonotic diseases requires effective collaboration and exchange of knowledge across these disciplines. There has been no research into how to connect and integrate these professions in the pursuit of a common task. We conducted a literature search looking at the experiences and wisdom resulting from collaborations built in health partnerships, health research knowledge transfer and exchange, business knowledge management and systems design engineering to identify key attributes of successful interdisciplinary (ID) collaboration. This was followed by a workshop with 16 experts experienced in ID collaboration including physicians, veterinarians and biologists from...

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Transmigration of macrophages across the choroid plexus epithelium in response to the feline immunodeficiency virus

Cell and Tissue Research — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:44:14 +0100

Abstract Although lentiviruses such as human, feline and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV, FIV, SIV) rapidly gain access to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the mechanisms that control this entry are not well understood. One possibility is that the virus may be carried into the brain by immune cells that traffic across the blood–CSF barrier in the choroid plexus. Since few studies have directly examined macrophage trafficking across the blood–CSF barrier, we established transwell and explant cultures of feline choroid plexus epithelium and measured trafficking in the presence or absence of FIV. Macrophages in co-culture with the epithelium showed significant proliferation and robust trafficking that was dependent on the presence of epithelium. Macrophage migration to the...

A radio transmission pH measurement system for continuous evaluation of fluid pH in the rumen of cows

Veterinary Research Communications — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:44:10 +0100

Abstract We developed a novel wireless radio transmission pH measurement system to continuously monitor ruminal bottom pH in cows, and compared these measurements to pH values determined by a spot-sample method. The wireless system consists of a pH sensor, data measurement receiver, relay unit, and personal computer with special software. The bullet-shaped sensor can be easily administered orally via a catheter into the rumen, without surgery. The glass electrode, using a temperature compensation system, can detect the rumen fluid pH with high accuracy. The ruminal bottom pH in healthy rumen-fistulated cows was measured as 6.52 ± 0.18 by the wireless system and as 6.62 ± 0.20 by the spot-sample method; with a correlation between pH measurements using these differ...

Distribution of ghrelin-producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs at different ages

Veterinary Research Communications — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:44:09 +0100

This study was performed to investigate ghrelin immunolocalization in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs at different ages: 1 day (birth), 28 days (weaning), 2 months, 4 months, and 7 months (pre-puberty). Tissue samples were collected along the entire gastrointestinal tract and were examined by immunohistochemistry and double-immunofluorescence. Histometry was performed by counting the number of endocrine ghrelin immunopositive cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Ghrelin was found to be present along the swine alimentary canal from the stomach to the caecum. In all regions of the alimentary canal of the animals studied, ghrelin-immunoreactive (IR) cells co-localized with chromogranin-A and were therefore identified as endocrine cells. In the gastric fundus...

The anti-parasitic effects of Nicotina tabacum on leeches

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:43:52 +0100

In this study, we evaluated the potential use of Nicotina tabacum in controlling leech populations. After treating the leeches with different concentrations of N. tabacum for 30 min, the LC50 values were analysed. Copper sulphate and ammonium chloride were used as positive controls. The anti-parasitic effect of N. tabacum was compared with positive controls. Our data showed that the LD50 values for N. tabacum were 13 × 104 ppm which was considerable compared with positive control. Our finding offers an opportunity for using the plant for anti-parasite purposes. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief CommunicationPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00580-012-1413-xAuthors Mahmoud Bahmani, Member of Young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University of Dehloran Branch, Dehloran, I...

Effects of Oliviera decumbens and Satureja khuzestanica extract on some immunological and haematological parameters of Cyprinus carpio

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:43:51 +0100

In this study, the effect of oral administration of Marze (Satureja khuzestanica) and mountainous Lael (Oliviera decumbens) extracts on haematological parameters and lysozyme activity stimulation in Common carp was investigated during a 5-week period. At the end of this period, blood samples were taken for haematological and immunological assays (lysozyme activity). The result showed that white blood cell count (p > 0.05) and the ratio of white blood cells (p > 0.05) were not significantly affected by plant extract administration. There were significant differences between the serum lysozyme activities in different treatments (p < 0.05). Generally, it can be concluded that Marze extract, as an immune stimulant, has a positive effect on the immune system and increa...

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Schmallenberg Virus - BVA Concerned, UK

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 13:00:00 +0100

Following the AHVLA's confirmation of the discovery of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) on four sheep farms in Norfolk, Suffolk and East Sussex, the British Veterinary Association (BVA) has renewed its call for heightened vigilance. Scientists believe that the virus is vector-borne, even though they have not ruled out other routes of transmission. At the present moment, the clinical signs observed together with meteorological risk models, indicate that the four farms were affected either in summer or autumn 2011. Hereditary defects are now being seen at lambing time... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Ovine malignant theileriosis: The status of antioxidant vitamins, serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte antioxidant defense

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:44:01 +0100

In conclusion, the antioxidant defense of the RBCs has a considerable role to prevent the occurrence of anemia in malignant ovine theileriosis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00580-012-1419-4Authors S. Nazifi, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranS. M. Razavi, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranE. Rakhshandehroo, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranR. Sadoughifar, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranM. Sharifian, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal C...

Feed inventory and smallholder farmers’ perceived causes of feed shortage for dairy cattle in Gisagara District, Rwanda

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:43:56 +0100

Abstract A survey was conducted to indentify dairy cattle feed resources and smallholder farmers’ perceived causes of feed shortage in the central and southern plateaus of Gisagara District, Rwanda. Data were obtained by interviewing 120 smallholder milk producers using structured questionnaires and through direct observations made during transect walks. In all the surveyed areas, rangelands (mean rank = 1.12), crop residues (1.21), improved grasses (2.34), browse (3.23) and herbaceous (4.84) legumes were ranked as the main feed resources. Pennisetum purpureum (95% of the respondents), Leucaena diversifolia (60%) and Calliandra calothyrsus (40%) were the most cultivated fodders in all the plateaus. The dominant crop residue was Zea mays stover (65% of the farmers) in t...

Biosensors for the analysis of microbiological and chemical contaminants in food.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This article will provide a brief footing in history before reviewing the latest developments in biosensor applications for analysis of food contaminants (January 2007 to December 2010), focusing on the detection of pathogens, toxins, pesticides and veterinary drug residues by biosensors, with emphasis on articles showing data in food matrices. The main areas of development common to these groups of contaminants include multiplexing, the ability to simultaneously analyse a sample for more than one contaminant and portability. Biosensors currently have an important role in food safety; further advances in the technology, reagents and sample handling will surely reinforce this position. PMID: 22278073 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry)

Magnetic resonance imaging metallic artifact of commonly encountered surgical implants and foreign material

Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) artifacts secondary to metallic implants and foreign bodies are well described. Herein, we provide quantitative data from veterinary implants including total hip arthroplasty implants, cranial cruciate repair implants, surgical screws, a skin staple, ligation clips, an identification microchip, ameroid constrictor, and potential foreign bodies including air gun and BB projectiles and a sewing needle. The objects were scanned in a gelatin phantom with plastic grid using standardized T2‐weighted turbo‐spin echo (TSE), T1‐weighted spin echo, and T2*‐weighted gradient recalled echo (GRE) image acquisitions at 1.5 T. Maximum linear dimensions and areas of signal voiding and grid distortion were calculated using a DICOM workstation for each sequence and o...

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors in Escherichia coli from Swedish Dairy Calves

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Antimicrobial resistance was common in E. coli from pre-weaned dairy calves, occurring particularly in calves from herds experiencing calf diarrhea problems. The results indicate that more factors than use of antimicrobials influence the epidemiology of resistant E. coli.Enteropathogenic E. coli seems to be an uncommon cause of neonatal calf diarrhea in Swedish dairy herds. In practice, calf diarrhea should be regarded holistically in a context of infectious agents, calf immunity, management practices etc. We therefore advice against routine antimicrobial treatment and recommend that bacteriological cultures, followed by testing for antimicrobial susceptibility and for virulence factors, are used to guide decisions on such treatment. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Haemostatic alterations in a group of canine cancer patients are associated with cancer type and disease progression

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Hypercoagulability was confirmed as the most common haemostatic abnormality in canine cancer patients and haemostatic dysfunction in canine cancer patients was found related to the cancer type and progression of disease. Increase in TEG G, aPTT and fibrinogen were observed in non-mammary carcinomas and were speculated to overall represent a proinflammatory response associated with the disease. Dogs with distant metastatic disease exhibited increased fibrinogen and d-dimer. Future studies are needed to elucidate the clinical importance of these results. (Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica)

Study of compartmentalization in the visna clinical form of small ruminant lentivirus infection in sheep

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Bayesian approach inferences suggested that proviruses from broncoalveolar lavage cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells represented the common ancestors (infecting viruses) in the animal and that neuroinvasion in the outbreak involved microevolution after initial infection with an A-type strain. This study demonstrates virus compartmentalization in the CNS and other body tissues in sheep presenting the neurological form of SRLV infection. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

The occurrence of Chlamydia spp. in pigs with and without clinical disease

BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Chlamydia suis was demonstrated in most samples and overall, no correlation to clinical signs was detected. However, a correlation was noted between samples with a high degree of infection and the presence of clinical signs. It is possible, that the intensive pig production systems studied might predispose for the transmission and maintenance of the infection thus increasing the infectious load and the risk for disease in the pig. (Source: BMC Veterinary Research - Latest articles)

Tiny crooners: Male house mice sing songs to impress the girls

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) Male house mice produce melodious songs to attract mates. Unfortunately for us, because the melodies are in the ultra-sonic range human ears cannot detect them. Through spectrographic analyses of the vocalizations of wild house mice, researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna have found that the songs of male mice contain signals of individuality and kinship. Their results appear in the journal Physiology & Behavior and in the Journal of Ethology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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Carcass quality and meat tenderness of Hawaii pasture-finished cattle and Hawaii-originated, mainland feedlot-finished cattle

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 06:53:29 +0100

In conclusion, results of this study suggest that Hawaii cattle finished on subtropical pasture produced as tender beef as mainland feedlot-finished cattle with less intramuscular fat. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11250-012-0080-xAuthors Yong Soo Kim, Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1955 East–west Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USAGlen Kazumi Fukumoto, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, 79-7381 Mamalahoa Hwy, Kealakekua, HI 96750, USASunae Kim, Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii, 1955 East–west Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Journal Tropical Animal Health and ProductionOnline ISSN 1573-7438Print ISSN 0049...

An ethnoveterinary study of medicinal plants in treatment of diseases and syndromes of herd dog in southern regions of Ilam province, Iran

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 06:52:33 +0100

In this study, a questionnaire was distributed among 45 residential areas in 22 rural zones of the southern areas of Ilam province. The objective of this study was the recognition of natural medicinal methods using medicinal plants, and the classification of ethnoveterinary applications and collection of domestic science. Twenty-two medicinal plants from 16 families were identified. The main application of these plants was for the detection and treatment of digestive disorders using Citrullus colocynthis, Aristolochia clematis, Scrophularia deserti, Quercus brantii, Ceracus microcarpa, Echium strigosa, Pistacia atlantica, and Pistacia khinjuk which have been applied using Euphurbia graminifolius, Peganum harmala, Salsola rigida, Artemisia herba-alba, Amygdalus arabica, jolbak of salt wa...

Case report: clinical and radiographic features of partial fusion of the last lumbar vertebra with the sacrum involving a German shepherd-cross bitch

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 06:52:32 +0100

Abstract A year-old German shepherd-cross bitch was presented with a history of incontinence and an abnormal posterior gait that worsened on progression. Visual examination did not show ectoparasites. The heart, pulse and respiratory rates as well as rectal temperature were normal. Palpation of the hip joints did not suggest luxation. History also revealed that the bitch was served 2 weeks earlier. The radiographic examination revealed partial fusion of the last lumbar vertebra with the sacrum. The case was handled conservatively with periodic analgesic treatment recommended. A follow-up of the case showed an improved condition, and the bitch whelped four puppies (two dead and two alive) 6 weeks later. It is concluded from this report that the lameness observed w...

Evaluation of Coccidioides Antigen Detection in Dogs with Coccidioidomycosis.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kirsch EJ, Greene RT, Prahl A, Rubin SI, Sykes JE, Durkin MM, Wheat LJ Abstract Antigen detection has been reported to be a promising method for rapid diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in humans. Coccidioides antigen detection has not been previously reported in dogs with coccidioidomycosis, and was evaluated in 60 cases diagnosed based on detection of anti-Coccidioides antibodies at titers of 1:16 or more in serum. Controls included dogs with presumed histoplasmosis or blastomycosis, other fungal infections, non-fungal diseases, and healthy dogs. Urine and serum specimens were tested using an enzyme immunoassay for Coccidioides spp. galactomannan antigen. Antibody testing was performed at commercial veterinary reference laboratories. Antigen was detected in urine or serum o...

Clinical Manifestations of Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease During the 2010/2011 Epidemic in the Republic of Korea

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, the clinical signs of FMD were described on the basis of the subjective observations by the farm workers. The present results highlight the clinical signs expected on specific body parts of different types of susceptible animals, and therefore, they may be useful for generating public awareness, particularly among farm workers, as well as for early detection of future FMD outbreaks. (Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases)

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Co‐infection of Bovine Papillomavirus and Feline‐Associated Papillomavirus in bovine cutaneous warts

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe diversity of papillomavirus (PV) found in bovine cutaneous warts from Brazilian cattle was evaluated using the PCR technique with the utilization of consensus primers MY09/11 and by PCR using Bovine Papillomavirus (BPV) type‐specific primers followed by sequencing. Eleven cutaneous warts from 6 cattle herds were selected. Six warts were positive for the presence of PV. The presence of BPV types 1, 2, 3, 6 and feline sarcoid‐associated PV (FeSarPV) in cutaneous wart lesions, as well as the presence of co‐infections, was found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that FeSarPV is described co‐infecting a cutaneous wart in Brazil. The present study confirms the previous finding of FeSarPV infecting cattle. These results show the necessity of more studies to ...

Evaluation of two devices for point-of-care testing of haemoglobin in neonatal pigs

Laboratory Animals — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In veterinary medicine, point-of-care testing (POCT) techniques have become popular, since they provide immediate results and only small amounts of blood are needed. However, their accuracy is controversial. Pigs are often used for research purposes and accurate measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) is important during invasive procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate two different Hb POCT devices in neonatal pigs. A prospective study with 57 pigs of 3–6 weeks of age, weighing 4.1–6.2 kg (median 5.1 kg) was performed. Fifty-seven blood samples were analysed for Hb using a conductivity-based and a photometrical POCT device and compared with a photometrical reference method. Statistical analysis was performed with Bland–Altman analysis, Spearman correlation and Passing&n...

The first report of pigeon maggot, Protocalliphora sp. (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from domestic pigeons in Iran

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 12:25:51 +0100

Abstract Following the report of deaths in a few flocks of domestic pigeons in the Mazandaran province, Northern Iran, we conducted an investigation on the live and dead pigeons. We found reddish larvae on the skin of the pigeons and after close analysis of the mouthparts and spiracles; they were identified as second instar larvae of Protocalliphora sp. These blow fly larvae are obligate haematophagous parasites, highly pathogenic and cause high mortality in birds. Mortality in the infected flocks was approximately 25% and mainly among nestlings and young birds. Infected birds were treated with propoxur powder which was very effective, following which no additional mortalities or larvae were found. This is the first report of this myiasis agent in Iran. Content Type Jo...

Survey of sarcocystis infection in slaughtered sheep in Kerman Abattoir, Kerman, Iran

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 12:25:50 +0100

Abstract Sarcocystosis caused by different Sarcocystis species and is a zoonotic protozoan infection with worldwide distribution in man and many animal species. In the present study, three techniques — direct inspection, impression smears and digestion method — were used for the diagnosis of Sarcocystis infection in 112 slaughtered sheep in a Kerman abattoir from November 2010 to May 2011. A total of 450 slaughtered sheep were selected randomly during three seasons, and their oesophagus and diaphragm were inspected using naked eye examination. In the second stage, 112 carcasses out of the 450 which had no apparent infection were selected randomly and their meat investigated using two techniques: impression smear with staining and pepsin digestion. The percentage of macro...

Detection of antibodies and risk factors for infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus 3 in dual-purpose farms in Colima, Mexico

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:56 +0100

This study showed that animals were exposed to both viruses and that age was the main risk factor. The need to establish new vaccination plans to effectively protect cattle against those infections in the state of Colima, Mexico is suggested. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11250-012-0081-9Authors Daniel Figueroa-Chávez, Centro Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Agropecuario de la Universidad de Colima, Colima, MexicoJosé C. Segura-Correa, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatan, MexicoLuís Jorge García-Márquez, Centro Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Agropecuario de la Universidad de Colima, Colima, MexicoAlfonso Pescador-Rubio, Centro Universitari...

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Seasonal variation in time budgets and milk yield for Jersey, Friesland and crossbred cows raised in a pasture-based system

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:56 +0100

Abstract The time budgets and daily milk yield of Jersey and Friesland cows and their crosses were compared in a pasture-based system by recording the time spent grazing, drinking, lying, standing and walking in four seasons of the year (cool–dry, hot–dry, hot–wet and post-rainy). Observations were made from 0800 to 1400 hours on seven cows per breed. Seven observers monitored the cows at 10-min intervals for 6 h using stop watches. Time spent standing was higher (P < 0.05) for Friesland compared to Jersey cows and the crossbred cows during the hot–wet season. Time spent walking differed among the three genotypes with the Jersey spending more time (P < 0.05) in both hot–wet and cool–dry seasons. No differences were noted on time spent lying dow...

Factors affecting yield and composition of camel milk kept under desert conditions of central Punjab, Pakistan

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:54 +0100

This study was planned to study the herd composition, farming system, and reproductive traits and to evaluate the effect of season, stage of lactation and parity on milk production, and composition of camels kept under pastoral environment of central Punjab, Pakistan. Based on purposive sampling method, 50 herds belonging to small, medium, and large-sized herds were selected. From these herds, 1,137 she-camels were entered in this study and their composite milk samples were collected and analyzed through standard procedures to determine the milk yield and percentages of milk contents. The results showed that the male camels constituted a lesser percentage (p < 0.05: 43.08; 380/882) in the total herd composition compared to that of she-camels (56.92; 502/882). The mean daily mil...

Prevalence of and risk factors for bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection in non-vaccinated dairy and dual-purpose cattle herds in Ecuador

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:54 +0100

Abstract A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection in non-vaccinated dairy and dual-purpose cattle herds from Ecuador. A total of 2,367 serum samples from 346 herds were collected from June 2008 to February 2009. A questionnaire, which included variables related to cattle, health, management measures, and the environment, was filled out in each herd. Presence of antibodies against BRSV was analyzed using a commercial indirect ELISA test. A logistic regression model was used to determine risk factors associated with BRSV at herd level. The individual seroprevalence against BRSV in non-vaccinated herds in Ecuador was 80.48% [1,905/2,367; 95% confidence interval ...

Full-length characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin gene of H9N2 virus isolated from broilers in Iran during 1998–2007

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:50 +0100

Abstract H9N2 avian influenza A viruses (AIV) have become panzootic in Eurasia over the last decade and are endemic in Iran since 1998, and inactivated vaccine has been used in chickens to control the disease. The hemagglutinin (HA), one of eight protein-coding genes, plays an important role during the early stage of infection. To study their evolution and zoonotic potential, we conducted an in silico analysis of H9N2 viruses that have infected broiler in Tehran Province, Iran between 1998 and 2007. The complete coding region of HA genes from nine H9N2 subtypes isolated from chicken flocks in Tehran Province during 1998–2007 was amplified and sequenced. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic studies of H9N2 subtype viruses on the basis of data of 9 viruses in this study and ...

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus: a comprehensive review of molecular epidemiology, diagnosis, and vaccines

Virus Genes — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:16:23 +0100

Abstract The porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, causes acute diarrhoea and dehydration in pigs. Although it was first identified in Europe, it has become increasingly problematic in many Asian countries, including Korea, China, Japan, the Philippines, and Thailand. The economic impacts of the PEDV are substantial, given that it results in significant morbidity and mortality in neonatal piglets and is associated with increased costs related to vaccination and disinfection. Recently, progress has been made in understanding the molecular epidemiology of PEDV, thereby leading to the development of new vaccines. In the current review, we first describe the molecular and genetic characteristics of the PEDV. Then we discuss its molecula...

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Matrix metalloproteinase-12 deficiency ameliorates the clinical course and demyelination in Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis

Acta Neuropathologica — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:52:01 +0100

Abstract Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of extracellular proteases involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether MMPs induce direct myelin degradation, leukocyte infiltration, disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and/or extracellular matrix remodeling in the pathogenesis of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis (TME), a virus-induced model of MS. During the demyelinating phase of TME, the highest transcriptional upregulation was detected for Mmp12, followed by Mmp3. Mmp12 −/− mice showed reduced demyelination, macrophage infiltration, and motor deficits compared with wild-type- and Mmp3 knock-out mice. However, BBB remained unaltered, and the amount of ...

Comparative genomic analysis of the genus Staphylococcus including Staphylococcus aureus and its newly described sister species Staphylococcus simiae

BMC Genomics - Latest articles — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Comparative genomic analyses across 12 Staphylococcus species provide hypotheses about lineages in which human adaptation has taken place and contributions of horizontal transfer in pathogenesis. (Source: BMC Genomics - Latest articles)

Schmallenberg virus confirmed on farms in the UK

Guardian Unlimited Science — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 15:52:55 +0100

The disease, which has spread from the Netherlands and Germany, causes abortions and birth deformities in farm animalsA virus that causes miscarriages and birth deformities in farm animals, though it is not known to affect humans, has been confirmed at four sheep farms in Norfolk, Suffolk and East Sussex.The Schmallenberg virus is believed to be carried by midges. It surfaced in the Netherlands and Germany in August 2011, and since then on hundreds of farms there and in Belgium. Themicrobe is difficult to detect in adult animals, and is apparent only when they gestate. There is no known treatment or vaccine.The Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency in Weybridge has done laboratory tests confirming Schmallenberg virus is in the UK. It said in a statement: "Although there are stil...

Renal Disease in Cats Infected with Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceProteinuria but not azotemia was associated with natural FIV infection. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Association between Article Citation Rate and Level of Evidence in the Companion Animal Literature

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceReports of veterinary studies designed to limit the influence of bias are not more widely referenced than articles reporting data obtained through less stringent methodologies. Medical subspecialty and publishing journal prestige can influence an article's subsequent citation rate. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

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Reproductive Effects of Prolonged Experimentally Induced Hypothyroidism in Bitches

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHypothyroidism causes reversible periparturient mortality and low birth weight in offspring. Further investigation is necessary to determine if fertility is affected. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Renal Amyloidosis in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 91 Cases with Comparison of the Disease between Shar‐Pei and Non‐Shar‐Pei Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe clinical and pathologic manifestations of amyloidosis differ between CSPs and NSPs. The survival time observed herein was unexpectedly low, and argues for early surveillance and management of the underlying predisposing conditions. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Urinary Leukotriene E4 Concentrations as a Potential Marker of Inflammation in Dogs with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe higher urinary LTE4 concentrations in dogs with IBD suggest that cysteinyl leukotriene pathway activation might be a component of the inflammatory process in canine IBD. Furthermore, urinary LTE4 concentrations are of potential use as a marker of inflammation in dogs with CCE. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

A Novel Spongiform Leukoencephalomyelopathy in Border Terrier Puppies

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Clinicopathological Variables Predicting Progression of Azotemia in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsProteinuria, anemia, and hyperphosphatemia may reflect more progressive kidney disease. Alternatively, they may be markers for mechanisms of progression such as tubular protein overload, hypoxia, and nephrocalcinosis. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

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Isorhythmic Atrioventricular Dissociation in Labrador Retrievers

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceIAVD with type I synchronization is more common than IAVD with type II synchronization in Labrador Retrievers, and a correlation between IAVD and FJT can be hypothesized. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Comparison of IV and IM Formulations of Synthetic ACTH for ACTH Stimulation Tests in Healthy Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceGiven the lack of significant differences of the ACTH stimulation test results, the lyophilized and liquid solution products can be used interchangeably. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Use of a Culture Medium (McCoy®), as a Method for Evaluating Bos indicus × Bos taurus Embryos

Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 03:23:11 +0100

SummaryThe aim of this study was to use culture medium (McCoy®) as a test to evaluate the classification of embryos after a primary grading using stereoscopic microscopy to further confirm whether embryos have been correctly scored by stereoscopic microscopy evaluating the level of apoptosis. Forty‐six Bos indicus embryos were collected with a non‐surgical method and evaluated with stereoscopic microscopy for scoring in three categories (good, fair and poor). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed and compared between the control group (n = 14) at the onset of the experiment and in an experimental group (n = 32) after stored for 4 h in a culture medium. Embryos were processed using TUNEL and BrdU markers to determine the apoptosis and cell proliferation. Seventy‐four pe...

Patterson CEO Anderson joins C.H. Robinson board

bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 00:15:27 +0100

Patterson Cos. CEO Scott Anderson has been named to the board of C.H. Robinson Worldwide Inc. Anderson, 45, joined Mendota Heights-based Patterson (Nasdaq: PDCO) in 1993 and has been CEO since April 2010. Paterson distributes dental and veterinary supplies and equipment. Eden Prairie-based C.H. Robinson (Nasdaq: CHRW) is a third-party transportation and logistics company. Click here to read the company's news release. (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Biotechnology headlines)

Museum Plans to Put Scientists On Display

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 20:53:00 +0100

A rendering of the exterior of the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences' Nature Research Center Imagine walking through a science museum and, among the usual displays of dinosaur bones, butterflies, and amphibians you come upon a series of windows into state-of-the-art research labs. Inside, scientists from nearby universities and veterinary schools work on projects related to biodiversity, genetics, nanoparticles, and animal health and welfare. In front of each window is a touch screen. Tap it, and you can learn about each researcher s specific project and the tools with which he or she is working. A few minutes later, one of the scientists emerges to discuss the research with visitors and answer questions. The exchange benefits the scientists as well: some are PhD candidates lea...

Integrating banana and ruminant production in the French West Indies

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:59:29 +0100

Abstract Using a mechanistic model, we compared five alternative farming systems with the purpose of transforming monoculture (MON) banana farms into mixed farming systems (MFS) with ruminants feeding banana by-products (leaves, pseudostems and nonmarketable fruits) and forage from the fallow land. The paper presents the main structure of the model (land surface changes, available biomass for animals, stocking rates, productive or reproductive indicators), and impact assessment (change in farm productivity) is discussed. Five MFS with typical local ruminant production systems were used to compare MON to the strategies using forage from fallow and/or integrating Creole cattle (CC), Creole goats (CG) or Martinik sheep (MS) into banana farming. One hectare MON shifted into an...

Blood heat shock proteins evoked by some Salmonella strains infection in ducks

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:57:41 +0100

Abstract Bacterial heat-shock response is a global regulatory system required for effective adaptation to changes (stress) in the environment. An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the impact of a sublethal temperature (42°C) on heat shock protein (HSP) expression in 6 Salmonella strains (Salmonella Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Virchow, S. Shubra, S. Haifa and S. Eingedi). The 6 Salmonella strains were isolated from the tissues of ducklings that had died from avian salmonellosis. To determine the induction of HSP in the 6 Salmonella strains, they were exposed to the selected temperature level for 24 h and further kept for 48 h at culturing condition of 42°C. Growth under a sublethal temperature of 42°C increased the expression of several proteins of ...

Molecular detection of the Aeromonas virulence aerolysin gene in retail meats from different animal sources in Egypt

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:57:39 +0100

Abstract Meat commonly contain the same Aeromonas spp. which occur in human diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal faecal samples. Motile Aeromonas were isolated from 5.6% of total 302 samples. The distribution of the isolates were 5.9 and 5.2% in fresh and frozen samples, respectively. Of the 302 samples taken of the four animal meat species investigated, the genus Aeromonas were isolated in 12.3% of the fresh samples collected from buffalo meat, in 6.5% of the samples collected from sheep meat and 14.0% from the samples collected from the cattle frozen meat samples. The camel meat did not reveal any Aeromonas isolates. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated as the most prevalent species with 6.8%, followed by Aeromonas caviae with 2.7% and Aeromonas sobria with 2.1% from the total meat sa...

Genetic characterization of bluetongue virus serotype 9 isolates from India

Virus Genes — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:56:07 +0100

We report the complete genome sequence of one, and partial sequences of three other Indian isolates of BTV-9. Evolutionary relationships with segment-2 and -6 sequences of BTV isolates around the world, deduced using four different phylogenetic analyses and a similarity programme, show that BTV-9 (Eastern), BTV-9 (Western), and BTV-5 form a triad of equidistant, genetically distinct groups of viruses. The Indian BTV-9 isolates were closely related to Mediterranean and European BTV-9 isolates (Eastern topotype) based on segment-2 and -6 sequences. By contrast, segment-5 analyses clustered the Indian BTV-9 isolates with South African BTV-3 reference strain (98% identity), which belongs to one of the Western types. These results have implications on BTV origin and movement, genotyping, ...

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The influence of road transport on the activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione‐S‐transferase in equine erythrocytes

Veterinary Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionRoad transport has an impact on activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx and GR, with recovery of GR activity evident by 24 hours post‐transport. Decreased activity of these enzymes may be one mechanism for increased susceptibility to infections that are manifest after shipping; alternatively, decreases may indicate utilization as these enzymes work to neutralize increases in reactive oxygen species. (Source: Veterinary Clinical Pathology)

Primary ureteral giant cell sarcoma in a Pomeranian

Veterinary Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract:An 8‐year‐old male neutered Pomeranian dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Oregon State University for surgical treatment of hydronephrosis of the left kidney and a left cranial abdominal mass. A primary ureteral mass was found during exploratory surgery, and the mass was resected and ureteral anastomosis was performed. Cytologic evaluation of the mass revealed 3 distinct cell populations, including a large number of multinucleated giant cells, a moderate number of thin spindle‐shaped cells, and cohesive clusters of transitional epithelial cells. The cytologic diagnosis was giant cell sarcoma. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination, and immunohistochemical staining was performed. The spindle‐shaped cells and multinucleated giant cells we...

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:12:16 +0100

(Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)

Editorial Board

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:12:16 +0100

(Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)

Erratum

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:12:16 +0100

In the October 2011 issue (vol 31, no 10) of Journal of Equine Veterinary Science (JEVS) there is a correction in the title for the abstract of Veronique A. Lacombe, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM, Diplomate ECEIM. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)

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One World, One Health: The Threat of Emerging and Re‐Emerging Viral Infections of Pigs

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:04:45 +0100

(Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases)

Polymelous Layer Chick Displaying Additional Malformations of the Hind Gut: Case Report and In‐Depth Review of Related Literature

Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:02:19 +0100

SummaryA case report of a male 6‐day‐old male layer chick featuring incomplete polymelia of the hind limbs and hindgut malformations is presented. The chick was submitted to computed tomography (CT) examination and subsequent anatomical dissection. Apart from the two supernumerary hind limbs, the anatomical dissection revealed additional hindgut alterations: three uniform‐sized caeca flanked the ileum, and the rectum branched into paired cloacae. The supernumerary hind limbs were localized caudal to the normal hind limbs in an inverted position and were attached to pelvic girdle elements and to a curtate pygostyle. They featured a prominent unpaired femur besides paired tibiotarsi, tarsometatarsi and species‐specific phalanges of the toes. Additionally, two separate bones attached ...

Verandas and eggshell examination could improve hen welfare

University of Bristol news — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 15:43:18 +0100

New research by academics at the University of Bristol's School of Veterinary Sciences to help farmers improve the health of free-range hens has found verandas for the birds and the early scrutiny of eggshells could improve their welfare. (Source: University of Bristol news)

Preliminary evaluation of growth and conformation traits of local goats and Nubians upgraded by a black Boer line in Taiwan

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 07:00:10 +0100

Abstract The goal of this research, conducted in the most southern part of Taiwan, was to create a new genotype: the “Hengchun Black Goat” (HB). Nubian (NU) goats were first crossed with a local breed, the Taiwan native (TN), then the F1 females were crossed with the imported black Boer (BO) bucks. The upgraded genotypes were then compared with the parental breeds and Kinmen (KM), another local breed, for growth traits and body conformation. The study concerned 1,136 kids born between 2005 and 2007. The analysed traits were body weight (BW), average daily gain and three linear measurements, namely height at withers, body length and chest girth. The results indicated that environmental factors, sex, birth and rearing type, dam parity and birth year had significant effec...