MedWorm provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest medical blog items that have been tagged with 'genitourinary'. Sat, 03 Sep 2011 02:36:17 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4841712&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2011%2F05%2F18%2Fbladder-in-inguinal-hernia%2F This was an incidental finding in a male patient in his 50s. There is a large indirect inguinal hernia, and it contains not bowel, but bladder, as can be seen on this oblique coronal reformat of an abdominopelvic CT. Between 1 and 3 percent of all inguinal hernias contain bladder. Sometimes a bladder hernia may involve nearly the entire bladder. It is important for the surgeon to be aware of this before surgical repair is attempted, as ligation of the bladder carries a risk of serious complications. Most bladder hernias are asymptomatic, but they may be associated with dysuria or frequency. Reference: Imaging of Urinary Bladder Hernias. Bacigalupo LE et al. AJR 2005; 184:546-551 (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4841712 Tue, 17 May 2011 23:47:34 +0100 4841712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3867000&cid=t_100107_112_f&fid=34971&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdoctorandpatient.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F08%2Fpregnancy-in-man-with-testicular.html This is a guest post by Dr. Sai, Senior Embryologist at Malpani Infertility ClinicThe collection of testicular sperm directly from the testes allows us to help men with azoospermia to have a baby with their own sperm ! This is called testicular sperm extraction with ICSI ( TESE-ICSI ). It’s easy to find sperm in men with obstructive azospermia, because their testes produce sperm normally. However, it can be very challenging to find sperm in men with non-obstructive azoospermia who have partial testicular failure, because sperm production in these men is very patchy.When doing a testicular biopsy, there is sometimes some bleeding, and often the testicular tissue which the surgeon hands over to the lab is blood stained. When these samples are processed in the lab to recover the testicular ... The Patient's Doctor blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3867000 Sat, 14 Aug 2010 14:06:00 +0100 3867000 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3501601&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34670&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsumerdoc.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F04%2Fmullerian-duct-cysts-and-prostatic.html Although these conditions are believed to be two different entities, it is difficult to differentiate them from one another on imaging and clinical studies. Both occur in the midline. Müllerian duct cysts originate from the remnants of the müllerian duct. Prostatic utricle cysts result from the dilatation of the prostatic utricle. Müllerian duct cysts may originate from the region of the verumontanum but usually extend above the prostate and may be slightly lateral to the midline. They do not communicate with the urethra. Prostatic utricle cysts always arise from the verumontanum and are always in the midline, and they communicate with the urethra.   Reported by Teleradiology ProvidersFrom Sumer's Radiology Site http://www.sumerdoc.blogspot.com -The Top Radiology Magazine. Teleradi... Sumer's Radiology Site blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3501601 Sat, 24 Apr 2010 05:45:00 +0100 3501601 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1399129&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2008%2F04%2F25%2Fduplex-collecting-system-3%2F A 2 year old girl had a urinary tract infection. A micturating cystourethrogram was performed. There is bilateral vesicoureteric reflux into dilated collecting systems. On the left there is a duplex collecting system. The ureter draining the lower moeity typically has a normal insertion site at the trigone. The ureter draining the upper moeity typically has an ectopic insertion distal to the VUJ (bladder, urethra, or genital tract). The ectopic ureter is prone to obstruction and the orthotopic ureter to vesicoureteric reflux (although clearly both have refluxed here). There may be a ureterocoele associated with the ectopic ureter. Reference: Radiology Review Manual 3rd ed. W Dahnert 1996 (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1399129 Fri, 25 Apr 2008 13:29:21 +0100 1399129 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1274825&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2008%2F03%2F04%2Fvaginal-pessary%2F A vaginal pessary is a device inserted into the vagina which can either be mechanical or pharmaceutical. A mechanical pessary is most commonly used to treat uterine prolapse. It is also used to treat stress urinary incontinence, a retroverted uterus, cystocele and rectocele. A bewildering array of shapes and sizes are available. A pharmaceutical pessary is imbued with compounds active locally. References: 1. Sayco pessaries 2. The Women’s (formerly Royal Women’s Hospital) For other foreign bodies visit Radiopaedia.org here. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1274825 Mon, 03 Mar 2008 16:01:45 +0100 1274825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1241819&cid=t_100107_86_f&fid=36669&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffadelibrary.wordpress.com%2F2008%2F02%2F19%2Fgenitourinary-medicine-48-hour-access-getting-to-target-and-staying-there%2F   is a good practice guide for primary care trusts to help support clinics to reach the Genitourinary Medicine (GUM) 48-hour access target by March 2008.  It builds on the 10 High Impact Changes for Genitourinary Medicine 48-hour Access (HIC). High impact changes detailed are: Measure demand and capacity across the local health economy Begin a process improvement project to inform service redesign Analyse and improve utilisation of the multidisciplinary teams in GUM Develop a separate pathway to manage screening of patients at low risk for STIs Review current access system and make it easier for patients to access the service Reorganise clinic opening hours to improve access Reorganise the physical environment to maximise the space available for seeing patients Reduce unnecessary clin... Fade Library blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1241819 Tue, 19 Feb 2008 15:23:39 +0100 1241819 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1093045&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F12%2F14%2Ffishhook-ureter%2F Fishhook ureters, also known as “J-shaped ureters” or “hockey stick ureter” describe the course of the distal ureter in patients with significant benign prostatic hypertrophy. It has also been used to describe the appearance of a retrocaval ureter further up, as the right ureter hooks behind the IVC. In this case it has also been refered to as an S-shaped ureter. References 1. Michael E. Mulligan “Classic Radiologic Signs: An Atlas and History” 1997 2. M.C Uthappa “Retrocavalureter: MR appearances” The British Journal of Radiology,75 (2002),177-179 Original photo of fishing hook (inset) taken by Mike Cline available at wikipedia.org here (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1093045 Thu, 13 Dec 2007 16:02:53 +0100 1093045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1064840&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F12%2F03%2Fbicornuate-uterus%2F Congenital uterine anomalies occur in 0.1 to 3% of women and are due to abnormal development of the paramesonephric ducts. Failure of fusion of these ducts results in division of the uterus into two horns (bicornuate uterus) if there is partial failure of fusion, and complete duplication of the uterus, cervix and vagina (uterine didelphys) if there is total failure of fusion. It is associated with pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortion, malpresentation and premature labour. Infertility is not usually aproblem with this type of malformation because implantation of the embryo is not impaired. Associated renal tract anomalies are common. The preferred methods of imaging uterine anomalies are ultrasound, hysterosalpingogram or MRI. References: 1. Dahnert W. Radiology Review Manua... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1064840 Sun, 02 Dec 2007 16:01:22 +0100 1064840 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1043990&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F11%2F22%2Fbenign-prostatic-hypertrophy%2F Benign prostatic hypertrophy is extremely common in elderly men, seen essentially as a ‘normal’ part of aging, and is a major cause of outflow obstruction. By the age of 60, 50% of men have BPH, and by 80 years of age the prevalence has increased to 80%. It is due to a combination of stromal and glandular hypertrophy predominantly of the central zone (as opposed to prostate cancer which typically originates in the peripheral zone). US US has become the standard first line investigation after the urologist’s finger. Typically there is an increase in volume of the prostate with a calculated volume exceeding 30cc ( (A x B x C)/2 ). The central gland is enlarged, and is hypoechoic or of mixed echogenicity. Calcification can be seen both within the hypertrophied gland as well ... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1043990 Wed, 21 Nov 2007 16:02:41 +0100 1043990 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1002776&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F11%2F05%2Ftampon%2F Comes in mini, regular and super size. Many brands available in the “personal care” isle of the supermarket. The imaging findings are simple – it is shaped like a tampon and is radiolucent due to air in the interstices. The differential diagnosis is a rectal foreign body. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1002776 Sun, 04 Nov 2007 16:01:53 +0100 1002776 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=991809&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F10%2F31%2Frenal-vein-tumour-thrombus%2F This patient has a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of the left kidney invading the renal vein. RCC has a strong propensity to venous invasion which is seen up to 20% of cases, with extension into the IVC in 4 to 15% of cases. Renal vein invasion classifies RCC as TNM stage T3 and Robson stage 3A. Tumour thrombus is distinguished from bland thrombus by contrast enhancement on CT and MRI and colour flow on ultrasound. Other tumours with a strong tendency to venous invasion are hepatocellular carcinoma and adrenal carcinoma. References: 1. Kaufman J & Lee M. Vascular & Interventional Radiology: The Requisites, Mosby 2004 2. Renal cell carcinoma staging, Radiopaedia.org (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=991809 Tue, 30 Oct 2007 16:02:12 +0100 991809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=882560&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F09%2F19%2Fhorseshoe-kidney%2F This child was undergoing investigations following a urinary tract infection. Horseshoe kidney is the most common type of renal fusion anomaly. It is formed by 2 distinct functioning kidneys on each side of the midline, connected by an isthmus (bridge) of functioning (this case) renal parenchyma or fibrous tissue that crosses the midline of the body. The fusion is typically between the lower poles (90%). Consequently the inferior poles point medially, which is the reverse of the normal renal axis. The incidence is approximately 1 in 500. Complications of a horseshoe kidney include: 1. Hydronephrosis (due to UPJ obstruction) 2. Infection 3. Calculi 4. Increased incidence of malignancy (Wilm’s, transitional cell and carcinoid tumours) 5. Increased susceptibility to trauma (see case - lacer... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=882560 Tue, 18 Sep 2007 16:01:48 +0100 882560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=867263&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F09%2F13%2Fangiomyolipoma%2F s are common benign tumours of the renal cortex, composed of a mixture of blood vessels, fat and smooth muscle , with macroscopic fat seen on CT in 95% of cases. They range in size from the tiny, often seen on US as small cortical echogenic foci, to massive retroperitoneal masses. When larger than 4 cm or so, they are prone to spontaneously bleed. Usually AMLs are sporadic and solitary, although up to 20% are seen in association with tuberous sclerosis (80% of patients with TS have AMLs, 15% of patients with lymphangiomyomatosis have AMLs) , when they are very numerous. They receive their blood supply from the kidney, a feature useful in distinguishing them from a retroperitoneal liposarcoma which has extended into the kidney. For a brief discussion of the differential diagnosis, please vi... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=867263 Wed, 12 Sep 2007 16:01:50 +0100 867263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=822297&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F08%2F26%2Fmedullary-sponge-kidney%2F This 37 year-old lady, well known to the local renal unit was admitted with left loin pain. Her serum creatinine was elevated. Medullary sponge kidney is a sporadic condition. The medullary and papillary portions of the collecting ducts are dysplastic and dilated. Medullary nephrocalcinosis occurs in the majority of cases. It may be unilateral or bilateral and affect a single or multiple pyramids. Clusters of pyramidal medullary calcification are characteristic. A major complication of this condition is urolithiasis leading to acute presentation with urteteric calculi (as occured in this case) References: 1. Medullary Sponge Kidney, AN Khan, emedicine.com. 2. Dähnert W. Radiology Review Manual, p926, Lippincott. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=822297 Sat, 25 Aug 2007 16:01:42 +0100 822297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=803576&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F08%2F17%2Fneuroblastoma-metastases-2%2F There is a lytic deposit noted in the right fronto-parietal skull vault with soft tissue in the vicinity. No intracranial space occupying lesion. On ultrasound, a mass is noted in the superior aspect of right kidney, in keeping with adrenal mass. In a young child, the only diagnosis for these appearances is metastatic neuroblastoma. Reference: Gael J. Lonergan, Cornelia M. Schwab, Eric S. Suarez, and Christian L. Carlson. From the Archives of the AFIP : Neuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroblastoma, and Ganglioneuroma: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation. RadioGraphics 2002; 22: 911. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=803576 Thu, 16 Aug 2007 16:02:13 +0100 803576 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=794185&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F08%2F13%2Fvesical-diverticulum%2F A diverticulum is a hollow outpouching or herniation of part of the bladder wall. The component parts of a true diverticulum are a mouth, neck and sac which have may a capacity up to 2,500 c.c. Reference: Berry N, Schneiderman C. Vesical Diverticulum. Can Med Assoc J. 1948 February; 58(2): 129–133. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=794185 Sun, 12 Aug 2007 16:01:59 +0100 794185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=729801&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F07%2F13%2Flacerated-horseshoe-kidney%2F Horseshoe kidney is a common congenital renal anomaly, with an incidence of 1:500 to 1:1000. It is characterised by fusion of the kidneys at their poles (lower pole in 90%, upper pole in 10%) which produces a horse-shoe shaped structure continuous across the midline. The midline isthmus may be functioning renal parenchyma or non-functioning fibrous tissue. The isthmus cannot ascend past the inferior mesenteric artery and thus the kidney is low in position. The ureters arise anteriorly and there are commonly multiple renal arteries. The complications of horseshoe kidney are 1) urinary stasis with infection or stone formation, due to abnormal ureteric orientation, and 2) predisposition to traumatic injury, due to abnormal position. They are associated with other congenital anomalies and Turn... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=729801 Thu, 12 Jul 2007 16:01:36 +0100 729801 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=717998&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F07%2F07%2Fdermoid-cyst-2%2F This young female patient presented with chronic pelvic pain. The plain radiograph shows a lucency in the pelvis with a calcific density (more or less tooth-shaped) at the periphery (arrow). This is classical of a dermoid cyst with tooth. Possible complications include: 1. Rupture 2. Torsion 3. Rarely, malignant change Reference : Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, and Hunt JL. Ovarian Teratomas: Tumor Types and Imaging Characteristics. RadioGraphics 2001; 21: 475. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=717998 Fri, 06 Jul 2007 14:02:19 +0100 717998 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=706542&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F07%2F01%2Fduplex-kidney%2F This infant presented with urinary tract infection. The longitudinal ultrasound image of the right kidney above shows a dilated upper pole pelvicalyceal system and a non-dilated lower pole. The appearance is consistent with duplex collecting system with obstructed upper pole moeity. The ureter draining the lower moeity typically has a normal insertion site at the trigone. The ureter draining the upper moeity typically has an ectopic insertion distal to the VUJ (bladder, urethra, or genital tract). The ectopic ureter is prone to obstruction and the orthotopic ureter to vesicoureteric reflux. There may be a ureterocoele associated with the ectopic ureter, as there was in this case (not shown). Reference: Dähnert W. Radiology Review Manual 5th edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=706542 Sat, 30 Jun 2007 14:03:06 +0100 706542 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=682557&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radpod.org%2F2007%2F06%2F19%2Fxanthogranulomatous-pyelonephritis%2F The patient is a 65-year-old white female who presented with a five day history of coug (which had been productive of yellow sputum) and malaise. CT scan of C/A/P revealed a large left lower lobe abscess as well as a poorly enhancing left kidney with numerous staghorn type calculi. There was abscess extension from the superior pole of the left kidney to include the left lower lobe of the lung (not shown). White count and fever abated after decortication, extended antibiotic administration, and left nephrectomy. Pathology revealed lipid laden macrophages of the kidney typical of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and unusual variant of chronic pyelonephritis in which is a complication of an obstructed and infected renal unit. It is most co... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=682557 Mon, 18 Jun 2007 14:01:39 +0100 682557 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=628983&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F05%2F22%2Fgas-bag%2F Presentation: Difficulty with micturition. Findings: Multiple small bowel loops in scrotum due to right inguinal hernia. Compression of penile urethra. Pathology: 75-80% hernias occur in inguinal region. Indirect five times commoner than direct. Contents may include small bowel loops, mobile colon segments (sigmoid, caecum, appendix), mesenteric fat. Complications: incarceration; strangulation; intestinal obstruction. Reference: Federle M. Jeffrey R. Desser T. et al. Diagnostic Imaging: Abdomen 2004. Amirsys. Canada. (Source: Radiology Picture of the Day) Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=628983 Mon, 21 May 2007 14:01:38 +0100 628983 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=611741&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F05%2F14%2Fureterocoele%2F This two-week old male infant presented with an antenatal history of right renal pelvis dilatation. The ultrasound image above shows a rounded cystic structure within the bladder, to the right of midline. Some echogenic debris can be seen within the structure. The appearance is characteristic of a ureterocoele. A ureterocoele is a congenital dilatation of the intramucosal portion of the ureter. A ureterocoele may be simple or ectopic. Ectopic ureterocoele is almost always associated with a duplicated collecting system, and is more common than the simple type. Ureterocoele may be associated with either reflux or obstruction. A ureterocoele may prolapse into the bladder neck and cause bladder outlet obstruction. The prognosis of ureterocoele is related to the degree of associated reflux or o... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=611741 Sun, 13 May 2007 14:01:53 +0100 611741 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=478141&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F03%2F18%2Frenal-tumour%2F This 75 year-old male patient presented with symptoms of urinary tract obstruction and a renal ultrasound was performed. There is a mass in the upper pole of the right kidney with heterogeneous echogenicity. Doppler examination showed pulsatile flow within the mass. The mass is expansile and exophytic. The features are suspicious for renal cell carcinoma. Three phase CT was performed, which confirmed the presence of a mass. Strong arterial phase enhancement again suggests a probable renal cell carcinoma. No evidence of metastatic disease or renal vein involvement was seen. More than half of renal cell carcinomas are incidental findings on CT, US or MR. Typically they are hypervascular renal cortical masses. Small lesions are usually best seen in the nephrographic phase of CT, rather than a... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=478141 Sat, 17 Mar 2007 13:01:34 +0100 478141 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464564&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F03%2F12%2Fneurogenic-bladder%2F This 46 year old patient has a long history of paraplegia from a spinal cord injury at T1 level. This image taken from an IVP series shows contrast filling the bladder which has indwelling catheter in it. The elongated and pointed configuration of the bladder is the classic “pine-cone” or “Christmas tree” appearance of a severe neurogenic bladder. This appearance is seen with suprasacral lesions (above S2-S4) which leads to detrusor hyperreflexia and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, and also epiconal lesions (in and around S2-S4) which also leads to detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. In contrast suprapontine lesions classically cause rounding of the bladder shape and serration of the mucosa above the trigone. Peripheral lesions (below S2-S4) cause detrusor areflexia and a large atonic... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464564 Sun, 11 Mar 2007 13:01:15 +0100 464564 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464565&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F03%2F11%2Fduplex-collecting-system-2%2F Duplex kidney is a developmental anomaly characterised by incomplete fusion of upper and lower pole moieties resulting in complete or incomplete duplication of the collecting system. At one extreme there is just duplication of the renal pelvis, draining via a single ureter. At the other end of the spectrum, two separate collecting systems drain independently. Weigert-Meyer law stipulates that the upper pole moiety inserts ectopically, lower and medial to the lower pole moiety which inserts orthotopically. In boys the upper moiety inserts typically in the prostatic urethra (click here), and in girls either in to the urethra or directly into the vagina. The ectopic insertion often has a urethrocoele which obstructs its own collecting system, and can distort the orthotopic lower pole moiety... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464565 Sat, 10 Mar 2007 13:01:51 +0100 464565 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464571&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F03%2F04%2Fvesicoureteric-reflux%2F This 1 year-old female presented with urinary tract infection. Transverse ultrasound of the bladder shows intermittent dilatation of the distal ureters, up to 8mm diameter. The intermittent dilatation gives the ureters a “winking” appearance. There is also debris in the bladder, consistent with cystitis. The kidneys appeared normal. The findings, along with the clinical history, were strongly suggestive of vesicoureteric reflux, and micturating cystourethrogram was recommended. A normal renal ultrasound does not exclude VUR, and further imaging is required if the diagnosis is suspected clinically. Vesicoureteric reflux is diagnosed by micturating cystourethrogram or nuclear medicine cystogram. The latter is associated with lower radiation dose and may be useful for follow-up st... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464571 Sat, 03 Mar 2007 13:01:27 +0100 464571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=464573&cid=t_100107_115_f&fid=34679&url=http%3A%2F%2Fradpod.org%2F2007%2F03%2F01%2Fautosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease%2F This 51 year old man underwent CT scan of the abdomen to exclude a ureteric renal calculus. He was known to have autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and chronic renal failure. A coronal reformat shows multiple cysts in both kidneys with little remaining normal renal parenchyma. High density within some of the cysts may be due to haemorrhage into cysts. It is a common condition, with an incidence of 1:400-1000 live births. The condition is autosomal dominant, with 10% due to spontaneous mutations. The PKD1 and PKD2 genes have been identified. Proliferation of renal tubular cells occurs with diverticula of nephrons developing, leading to cyst development. There is an association with polycystic liver disease (40% of patients with AD polycystic kidney disease), congenital hepatic fib... Radiology Picture of the Day blogs http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=464573 Wed, 28 Feb 2007 13:01:42 +0100 464573