MedWorm: Behavioural Therapy

Claiming Territory Back From OCD

Psychology Today Anxiety Center — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 19:40:51 +0100

Why the only way for me to keep my OCD on the back foot is to do exactly what it's telling me I mustn't.read more (Source: Psychology Today Anxiety Center)

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The Acceptability and Efficacy of a Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Programme in a Community Mental Health Setting.

Community Mental Health Journal — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Naik A, O'Brien AP, Gaskin CJ, Munro I, Bloomer MJ Abstract This paper presents data on a patient evaluation of a group cognitive behavioural therapy programme in an applied setting and its efficacy for reducing generalised anxiety and or depression, and distress. Patients (n = 14) participated in one of two 8-week group cognitive behavioural therapy programmes for generalised anxiety or depression, within a mental health service. Patients' perceptions of the programme were collected via an evaluation questionnaire, and data on clinical outcomes were sourced from patients' case notes. Most patients who were invited to participate in the programme (n = 14 of 17), and their evaluations were generally favourable. Almost all participants (93%) indicated that the programme ...

Does exposure and response prevention improve the results of group cognitive-behavioural therapy for male slot machine pathological gamblers?

The British Journal of Clinical Psychology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 23:42:53 +0100

Conclusions. Although the two CBT programs elicited similar therapy responses, patients receiving CBT alone showed higher adherence to therapy and lower drop-out rates. PMID: 22268541 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The British Journal of Clinical Psychology)

Psychosocial stress and cardiovascular risk - current opinion.

Swiss Medical Weekly — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 09:24:02 +0100

Authors: von K Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Epidemiologic research of the last half-century has clearly shown that psychosocial factors related to the social environment, personality characteristics, and negative affect increase the risk of incident CVD and also impact prognosis of cardiac patients. Several mechanisms may explain this link, including a genetic predisposition, poor lifestyle choices, low adherence to health recommendations, and direct pathophysiologic perturbations. The latter include alteration of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis and autonomic dysfunction resulting in endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and a prothrombotic state further downstream. Screening for psychosocial factors seems app...

Interventions for smoking cessation in Indigenous populations.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A significant health disparity exists, whereby Indigenous populations, a minority, are over-represented in the burden of smoking-related morbidity and mortality. This review highlights the paucity of evidence available to evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions, despite the known success of these interventions in non-Indigenous populations. Due to this lack of published investigations, the external validity of this review is limited, as is the ability to draw reliable conclusions from the results. The limited but available evidence reported does indicate that smoking cessation interventions specifically targeted at Indigenous populations can produce smoking abstinence. However this evidence base is not strong with a small number of methodologically sound ...

Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although some pharmacotherapies tested to limit PCWG show evidence of short-term success, other problems with them and the lack of data on long-term efficacy limits their use. Weight management education only, is not effective and may reduce abstinence. Personalised weight management support may be effective and not reduce abstinence, but there are too few data to be sure. One study showed a VLCD increased abstinence but did not prevent WG in the longer term. CBT to accept WG did not limit PCWG and may not promote abstinence in the long term. Exercise interventions significantly reduced weight in the long term, but not the short term. More studies are needed to clarify whether this is an effect of treatment or a chance finding. Bupropion, fluoxetine, NRT and varenicline reduce...

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Nursing leadership in a chronic pain management group approach

Journal of Nursing Management — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The results show how important it is to have firm overall leadership and trained group leaders with a common purpose, interdependent roles and complementary skills, who are thus well prepared to prevent or deal with challenging group processes.Implications for nursing management The leaders of both levels, which are highly interrelated, should have a current theoretical understanding of pain theory, group leadership skills and a cognitive behavioural approach. (Source: Journal of Nursing Management)

Behavioural therapy is more effective than delayed treatment for persistent postprostatectomy incontinence

Evidence-Based Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Context Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men, with a lifetime risk of one in six. Urinary incontinence (UI) is reported to affect 2–57% of men after radical prostatectomy.1 Patients report much higher rates of UI than doctors. The wide variation in rates may relate to different definitions of incontinence, different surgical techniques and different time points for measurement. Rates of UI are possibly higher and take longer time to resolve with advancing age. Adjuvant radiotherapy does not seem to affect long-term UI. The prevalence tends to decrease with time, probably with a peak 1–2 years after surgery.1 There are few studies that have followed men beyond 2 years. Incontinence affects quality of life and return to normal activities. It is common to offer beha...

Cognitive behaviour therapy for sex offenders. Too good to be true?

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 06:59:48 +0100

(Source: Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health)

Self‐care strategies to facilitate sleep in patients with heart disease—A qualitative study

International Journal of Nursing Practice — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 02:15:25 +0100

This study aimed at exploring and describing the self‐care management strategies used by patients with coronary artery disease to facilitate sleep. Qualitative interviews in a dialogue manner, in a phenomenographic reference frame analyzed according to manifest and latent principles of qualitative content analysis, were performed. A purposeful sampling technique was used including 11 patients with coronary heart disease in a Heart Medical Unit in a general hospital setting. Two main themes were identified: ‘sleep‐rhythm’ and ‘sleep‐hygiene’ including four descriptive categories. The categories reveal five basic responses including emotions, cognition, physical symptoms (reactions), behaviours and/or the sleep environment, which were related to perceived or actual presence of ...

Seminar: Chronic insomnia

NeLM - News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: Lancet Area: News This seminar in the Lancet on chronic insomnia covers the following topics: . Clinical presentation . Epidemiology . Pathophysiological mechanisms . Assessment and diagnosis . Cognitive behavioural therapy . Pharmacotherapy (Source: NeLM - News)

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A combination of illness invalidation from the work environment and helplessness is associated with embitterment in patients with FM

Rheumatology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. The construct of embitterment has substantial face validity and may result from a combination of invalidation and helplessness. Whereas helplessness is a common target of cognitive–behavioural therapy, evidence-based interventions to redress invalidation and embitterment are needed. It is possible, however, to target invalidation by educating people in the work environment about the consequences of FM and patients' valid needs for work that is manageable, given each patient's specific health-related limitations. (Source: Rheumatology)

Do humans respond to fear like animals?

NHS News Feed — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 17:30:00 +0100

Conclusion This small study is of interest to specialists in the field of psychology, but doesn’t contribute much to possible treatments of conditions such as phobias and panic attacks. While the results are certainly intriguing from an academic perspective, the context of electric shocks in a laboratory is arguably quite different to what occurs when a person has problematic fears and phobias, which can often be treated. Phobias, for example, can be treated using talking therapies such as psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy and counselling. There are also medications that can be prescribed in cases where talking therapy has not proved successful. Links To The Headlines Eeek! Human response to fear is more like animals - and can overrule what we think. Daily Mail, January 19 20...

Trauma focused CBT for PTSD in young children is feasible, and may reduce PTSD symptoms

Evidence-Based Mental Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

QuestionQuestion Is trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT) feasible and effective in young children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other comorbid conditions? Patients 64 children aged between 36 and 83 months (mean age 5.3 years, 66.2% male, 59.5% African–American, 35.1% white) who experienced a recent life-threatening trauma and had ≥4 PTSD symptoms of which one had to be either a re-experiencing symptom or an avoidance symptom. The symptoms could come from either the DSM-IV or an alternative diagnostic algorithm proposed for DSM-V. Main exclusions: head trauma (Glasgow Coma Scale score of 7 or less), autistic disorder, blindness, mental retardation, deafness, not speaking English. Setting Outpatient study of children recruited via battered women's ...

Review: psychological and pharmacological treatments reduce depression symptoms in adults with coronary artery disease, but have no effect on mortality or cardiac events

Evidence-Based Mental Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

QuestionQuestion What are the effects of psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with comorbid depression? Outcomes Primary outcomes were depression symptoms, depression remission, all-cause and CAD-related morality and non-fatal cardiac events or surgery. MethodsDesign Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Searches were carried out on 15 July 2009 in 10 electronic databases (CENTRAL, DARE, HTA and EED on The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ISRCTN Register and CardioSource Registry). Reference lists of included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were also examined for relevant trials. Study authors were contacted for recommendations of other relevant published and unpublished RCTs. Study sel...

Adjunctive cognitive behavioural therapy improves response in children with OCD and partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Evidence-Based Mental Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

QuestionQuestion What are the effects of adding cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), brief CBT or instructions in CBT in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and a partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI)? Patients 124 paediatric outpatients between the ages of 7 and 17 with a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD, and residual symptoms (Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) score of ≥16), and were defined as having a partial response to an adequate SRI trial by a study psychiatrist. Setting Three US academic medical centres (University of Pennsylvania, Duke University and Brown University); from 2004 to 2009. Intervention Adjunctive CBT or instructions in CBT or no adjunctive treatment over 12 weeks. All participants received medication manage...

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Delivering stepped care: an analysis of implementation in routine practice

Implementation Science — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: When services attempt to implement the recommendation for stepped care in the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines, there were significant differences in implementation and consequent high levels of variation in patient pathways. Evaluations driven by the principles of implementation science (such as targeted planning, defined implementation strategies, and clear activity specification around service organisation) are required to improve evidence on the most effective, efficient, and acceptable stepped care systems. (Source: Implementation Science)

The importance of observing

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 00:28:00 +0100

To commit something to memory, you need to pay attention the next time you encounter something – or someone – new• Click here to download your daily memory taskNever was the phrase "a job well begun, is a job half done" truer than in the case of memory. All memories begin with what you perceive – with how you see, hear and feel the world. And for that simple reason, the first way to boost your memory is to make sure that you experience the world as vividly, clearly and meaningfully as possible.To understand how to do this, we need to appreciate that our senses are not designed to record the world, but instead to make sense of it. Where cameras take instantaneous, detailed snapshots of our surroundings, human perception takes time and is full of creativity and imagination. To experi...

Group cognitive behavioural therapy for first episode psychosis: who's referred, who attends and who completes it?

Early Intervention in Psychiatry — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Within an early intervention service for FEP, it appears that individuals with less education, more negative symptoms and less insight experienced significant barriers to successfully completing group CBT. More information for referring clinicians about the benefits of CBT for FEP could help increase referral rates. Assertive outreach for people at risk of disengaging or non‐adherence should also be considered. (Source: Early Intervention in Psychiatry)

Willingness to use ADHD treatments: a mixed methods study of perceptions by adolescents, parents, health professionals and teachers

NeLM - Mental Health — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: Social Science and Medicine Area: Evidence > Medicines Management > References Little is known about factors that influence willingness to engage in treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). From 2007 to 2008, in the context of a longitudinal study assessing ADHD detection and service use in the United States, we simultaneously elicited ADHD treatment perceptions from four stakeholder groups: adolescents, parents, health care professionals and teachers. We assessed their willingness to use ADHD interventions and views of potential undesirable effects of two pharmacological (short- and long-acting ADHD medications) and three psychosocial (ADHD education, behaviour therapy and counselling) treatments. In multiple regression analysis, wi...

The Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Body Image Problems (2012-01-09)

Institute of Psychiatry | Events — Sat, 07 Jan 2012 21:56:52 +0100

<span lang="EN-GB:: My talk will focus on our team’s research in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and body image problems in general. We will present the initial findings from the first randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) versus anxiety management in outpatients with Body Dysmorphic Disorder. I will then present some data from Rob Willson who has been investiga (Source: Institute of Psychiatry | Events)

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A Randomized Trial of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Cognitive Therapy for Children with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Single-Incident Trauma. - Nixon RD, Sterk J, Pearce A.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 15:21:09 +0100

The present study compared the efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) with trauma-focused cognitive therapy (without exposure; CT) for children and youth with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Children and youth who had experienced... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Reducing contamination by exposure plus safety behaviour. - Rachman S, Shafran R, Radomsky AS, Zysk E.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 15:21:09 +0100

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has been proposed that the judicious use of safety behaviour can facilitate improvements in the acceptability of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). It was decided to explore the possibility of facilitating CBT by introducing a... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Understanding children’s dental anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This article will consider the prevalence, development, and implications of children’s dental anxiety. It will also discuss the opportunities for and challenges of psychological approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at the reduction of dental anxiety in children. (Source: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry)

Preventing progression to first-episode psychosis in early initial prodromal states [PAPERS]

The British Journal of Psychiatry — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Integrated psychological intervention appears effective in delaying the onset of psychosis over a 24-month time period in people in an EIPS. (Source: The British Journal of Psychiatry)

Can We Modify Maladaptive Attributions for Fatigue?

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Harris AL, Carney CE Abstract Research has shown that those with insomnia focus primarily on their sleep as a cause of daytime fatigue rather than the multitude of other possible causes of fatigue. This can create sleep-related anxiety and further perpetuate the sleep disturbance. In order to lessen the increased focus on sleep, the present study investigated whether people could learn to consider other attributions for fatigue via an information-based manipulation. Undergraduate students (N = 88) were randomized to two information groups: They either received information about common factors that could explain daytime fatigue (the fatigue information condition) or received generic sleep-related information (the control condition). Each group was tested pre- and post-int...

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A survey of engagement and competence levels in interventions and activities in a community mental health workforce in England

BMC Health Services Research — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There was a reasonable competence level in the community-setting mental health workforce, but competence varied with professional groups and cluster activities. New staff and other non-qualified support professionals need to receive efficient training, and the training content is more important than frequency to increase level of competence. (Source: BMC Health Services Research)

Managing behavioural problems in human-dog interactions.

Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 08:24:02 +0100

The objective of such therapy is to produce a stable change in the perception of a stimulus and the resulting emotion, leading to the correction of the behavioural problem. It may be crucial to evaluate the subject's pathological state in response to the observed symptoms in order to identify the functional impairment of the pivotal neurotransmitter systems involved in the disorder. This allows selecting a suitable pharmacological treatment. In order to implement behavioural therapy, the veterinary behaviourist collaborates, where necessary, with a team of qualified canine trainers. PMID: 22194072 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita)

Efficacy of exposure versus cognitive therapy in anxiety disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: On the basis of extant literature, there appears to be no evidence of differential efficacy between Cognitive Therapy and Exposure in PD, PTSD and OCD and strong evidence of superior efficacy of Cognitive Therapy in Social Phobia (Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles)

Cannabinoid hyperemesis

Emergency Medicine Journal — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

A 21-year-old woman presented with a 4-week history of sudden onset vomiting, nausea and anorexia. Questioning revealed that she had a 7-year history of heavy cannabis use (smoking). She did not describe abdominal pain, change in bowel habit, antibiotic use, foreign travel or contact with gastroenteritis. Biochemistry results demonstrated mild metabolic derangement with a low potassium and a low bicarbonate, and urine toxicology was positive for cannabinoids. Other investigations, including a full blood count, renal function tests, liver function tests, a coagulation sample, an ECG, urinary β-hCG and a CT head scan, were all normal. A diagnosis of cannabinoid hyperemesis was made and her symptoms resolved after treatment with intravenous fluids, antiemetics and abstinence from cannabi...

A Randomised Controlled Trial on hypnotherapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: design and methodological challenges (the IMAGINE study)

BMC Gastroenterology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

DiscussionIf hypnotherapy is effective and if there is no difference in efficacy between individual and group hypnotherapy, this group form of treatment could be offered to more IBS patients, at lower costs.Trial registration:Trial register: Current Controlled TrialsRegistration number: ISRCTN22888906 (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

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Social skills training for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 01:00:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The review suggests that there is little evidence to support or refute social skills training for adolescents with ADHD. There is need for more trials, with low risk of bias and with a sufficient number of participants, investigating the efficacy of social skills training versus no training for both children and adolescents. PMID: 22161422 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of depression in people with multiple sclerosis: external pilot trial

Trials — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

A pilot study of computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (CCBT) for treatment of depression in Multiple Sclerosis patients identifies challenges in participant recruitment. (Source: Trials)

Chronic fatigue syndrome 'cause of school absence'

NHS News Feed — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 17:25:00 +0100

Conclusion This research assessed the number of children that had chronic fatigue syndrome out of nearly 3,000 children attending secondary school and the feasibility of identifying them using a school-based clinic. The researchers identified potential new cases by assessing children who had missed more than a fifth of school days, and whose absence could not be attributed to other medical reasons or other reasons such as truancy. This study had several strengths, including the fact that the frequently absent children who reported unexplained fatigue were screened for medical and emotional causes of fatigue other than CFS. Another strength was that well-validated procedures were used to look for other conditions. However, there are inherent limitations to this type of study, which mean fur...

“They didn't tell us, they made us work it out ourselves“: Patient perspectives of a cognitive‐behavioural programme for rheumatoid arthritis fatigue

Arthritis Care and Research — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:Patients highlighted that CBT elements were key to making behaviour changes, and that these had far‐reaching impacts on their lives. This suggests it could be beneficial in clinical practice to incorporate cognitive‐behavioural approaches into patient education programmes which aim to enhance self‐management. © 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology (Source: Arthritis Care and Research)

A preliminary exploration of predictors of outcome and cognitive mechanisms of change in cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis in people not taking antipsychotic medication.

Behaviour Research and Therapy — Sun, 11 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: CBT based on a specific cognitive model appears to change the hypothesised cognitive mechanisms, and these changes are associated with good outcomes. CBT may be more effective for those who are younger with shorter histories of psychosis. PMID: 22209267 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Behaviour Research and Therapy)

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Does Treating Insomnia With Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Influence Comorbid Anxiety and Depression? An Exploratory Multiple Baseline Design With Four Patients

Behaviour Change — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: CBT-I was able to reduce insomnia and co-morbid anxiety and depression, thus providing preliminary evidence for using CBT-I on insomnia co-morbid with psychiatric conditions. (Source: Behaviour Change)

Evaluation of An Australian Day Treatment Program for Eating Disorders

Behaviour Change — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This article reports on the evaluation of a pilot DTP in an Australian mental health setting, which utilised an integrative approach combining evidence-based treatments such as dialectical-behavioural therapy and intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy offered in a group-based setting. Comparison of pre- and post-treatment data outcome measures for eating disorder pathology and comorbid symptoms was undertaken. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated using qualitative methods. Results indicated a significant reduction in depressive symptoms post-treatment, along with a high degree of satisfaction with the treatment. Limitations of this study, along with the implications of the findings and directions for future research, are discussed. (Source: Behaviour Change)

A randomised controlled trial of acceptance-based cognitive behavioural therapy for command hallucinations in psychotic disorders.

Behaviour Research and Therapy — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shawyer F, Farhall J, Mackinnon A, Trauer T, Sims E, Ratcliff K, Larner C, Thomas N, Castle D, Mullen P, Copolov D Abstract Command hallucinations represent a special problem for the clinical management of psychosis. While compliance with both non-harmful and harmful commands can be problematic, sometimes in the extreme, active efforts to resist commands may also contribute to their malignancy. Previous research suggests Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) to be a useful treatment for reducing compliance with harmful command hallucinations. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate whether CBT augmented with acceptance-based strategies from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy could more broadly reduce the negative impact of command hallucinations. Forty-three participants with...

Cognitive behavioural therapy and its relevance to nursing.

British Journal of Nursing — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Cognitive behavioural therapy and its relevance to nursing. Br J Nurs. 2011 Dec 6;20(22):1443-1447 Authors: Currid TJ, Nikc 711 Evic AV, Spada MM Abstract Over the last 20 years, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has gained considerable momentum in mental healthcare practice. Its extensive evidence base for the treatment of mental health problems is well documented with the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2007a; b), which has recommended CBT as a key treatment modality in its best practice guidelines. More recently, the use of CBT has widened to a diverse range of physical healthcare environments, including dentistry, occupational therapy, palliative care and physiotherapy (Chartered Society of Physiotherapists, 2004; Buchanan and Zakrzewska, 2008; ...

Sensorimotor gating and clinical outcome following cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis

Schizophrenia Research — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Relatively intact sensorimotor gating is associated with a good clinical response following a 6–8months course of NICE compliant CBTp in schizophrenia. Pharmacological or psychological interventions capable of improving PPI may enhance the effectiveness of CBTp in people with schizophrenia, particularly in those who fail to show clinical improvement with currently available antipsychotic drugs and adjunctive CBTp. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)

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Neck exercises, physical and cognitive behavioural-graded activity as a treatment for adult whiplash patients with chronic neck pain: Design of a randomised controlled trial

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

The objective is to present the design of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a combined individual physical and cognitive behavioural-graded activity program on self-reported general physical function, in addition to neck function, pain, disability and quality of life in patients with chronic neck pain following whiplash injury compared with a matched control group measured at baseline and 4 and 12 months after baseline. Methods: The design is a two-centre, RCT-study with a parallel group design. Included are whiplash patients with chronic neck pain for more than 6 months, recruited from physiotherapy clinics and an out-patient hospital department in Denmark. Patients will be randomised to either a pain management (control) group or a combined pain...

Cognitive behavioural therapy as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for treatment resistant depression in primary care: The CoBalT randomised controlled trial protocol

Contemporary Clinical Trials — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Discussion: The CoBalT trial will provide evidence on the clinical and cost effectiveness of CBT as an adjunct to antidepressant medication in the treatment of depression that has not responded to pharmacotherapy. Given the move to widen access to ‘talking therapies’, the results of this study will be timely. (Source: Contemporary Clinical Trials)

Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents.

Community Practitioner — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This article reviews treatment approaches to PTSD in young people in particular the use of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). PMID: 22220363 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Community Practitioner)

The European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on suicide treatment and prevention.

European Psychiatry — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wasserman D, Rihmer Z, Rujescu D, Sarchiapone M, Sokolowski M, Titelman D, Zalsman G, Zemishlany Z, Carli V Abstract Suicide is a major public health problem in the WHO European Region accounting for over 150,000 deaths per year. SUICIDAL CRISIS: Acute intervention should start immediately in order to keep the patient alive. DIAGNOSIS: An underlying psychiatric disorder is present in up to 90% of people who completed suicide. Comorbidity with depression, anxiety, substance abuse and personality disorders is high. In order to achieve successful prevention of suicidality, adequate diagnostic procedures and appropriate treatment for the underlying disorder are essential. TREATMENT: Existing evidence supports the efficacy of pharmacological treatment and cognitive behavioural ...

Erratum to “N-acetyl aspartate concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex in patients with schizophrenia: A study of clinical and neuropsychological correlates and preliminary exploration of cognitive behaviour therapy effects” [Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 182(3) (2010) 251–260]

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 03:08:27 +0100

The authors regret that the above mentioned paper contained a serious error relating to of the original article. The authors apologize for using the figure without permission and not acknowledging the source of the figure, which was taken from the article by . The figure was not linked to its proper source due to an unfortunate chain of events. It was originally included as an exemplar as part of the training given on the procedure for extracting the CSI data. Dr Virginia Ng, who had finalised the region-of-interest positioning for this study and conducted the training program, unfortunately passed away suddenly towards the end of the study in January 2008. Later, it was erroneously taken as implicit that the training image used to delineate the region of interest was derived from a parti...

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Cognitive behaviour therapy with parental implementation over six months can improve rates of anxiety and ability to cope in young children

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:29 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Cognitive behaviour therapy and supportive therapy for bipolar disorders: relapse rates for treatment period and 2-year follow-up.

Psychological Medicine — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: No differences in relapse rates between treatment conditions were observed, suggesting that certain shared characteristics (e.g. information, systematic mood monitoring) might explain the effects of psychosocial treatment for BD. Our results also suggest that a higher number of prior episodes, a lower number of therapy sessions and a diagnosis of bipolar II disorder are associated with a shorter time before relapse. PMID: 22099722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Psychological Medicine)

Psychosocial interventions for the management of chronic orofacial pain.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sun, 20 Nov 2011 22:06:03 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There is weak evidence to support the use of psychosocial interventions for chronic orofacial pain. Although significant effects were observed for outcome measures where pooling was possible, the studies were few in number and had high risk of bias. However, given the non-invasive nature of such interventions they should be used in preference to other invasive and irreversible treatments which also have limited or no efficacy. Further high quality trials are needed to explore the effects of psychosocial interventions on chronic orofacial pain. PMID: 22071849 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Predicting Outcome of Inpatient CBT for Adolescents with Anxious‐Depressed School Absenteeism

Clinical Psychology — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Predictors of outcome of inpatient treatment based on manualized cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) were examined for 147 adolescents with anxious‐depressed school absenteeism assessed at discharge and at 2 months after the end of treatment. Outcome measures were regular school attendance and a wide variety of mental health problems rated by adolescents and parents. Socio‐demographic data, clinical ratings/diagnosis and adolescent‐reported and parent‐reported mental health problems were examined as predictors. Regression analyses indicated that none of the variables were able to predict regular school attendance in a clinically relevant way. Adolescent‐reported and parent‐reported mental health problems at intake predicted these symptoms at both discharge and follow‐up (...

Phone counselling pain management 'better than GP care'

Nursing Times Breaking News — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 09:43:00 +0100

Chronic widespread pain is treated better by counselling over the phone with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or through following an exercise plan than visiting a GP, researcher have claimed. (Source: Nursing Times Breaking News)

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Symptoms Of Chronic Widespread Pain Improved By Talking Therapy Over The Phone

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 09:00:00 +0100

Patients who received a short course of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) over the telephone from trained therapists reported that they felt "better" or "very much better" at the end of a six-month treatment period, and also three months after it ended. The Arthritis Research UK-funded trial led by the University of Aberdeen working with the University of Manchester was the first-ever trial of telephone-delivered CBT for people with chronic widespread pain... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Exploring variables associated with change in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for anxiety following traumatic brain injury.

Disability and Rehabilitation — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a need to further investigate the effectiveness of treatment for individuals with different injury severity and to explore the relationship between change expectancy and treatment outcome. [Box: see text]. PMID: 22087644 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

Treatment of depressive disorders in primary care - protocol of a multiple treatment systematic review of randomized controlled trials

BMC Family Practice — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

DiscussionPractitioners do not only want to know whether there is evidence that a specific treatment is more effective than placebo, but also how the treatment options compare to each other. Therefore, we believe that a multiple treatment systematic review of primary-care based randomized controlled trials on the most important therapies against depression is timely. (Source: BMC Family Practice)

Managing sexually harmful behaviour in a residential special school

British Journal of Learning Disabilities — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study describes the work carried out with a boy with sexually harmful behaviour attending a residential special school.• The staff helped teach the boy how to behave in social situations and about sex, consent and relationships.• Afterwards, the boy was able to participate in supervised community activities.SummaryChildren and young people with learning disabilities who present sexually harmful behaviour are marginalised and do not always participate in community activities. This case study describes a multi‐component intervention that successfully reduced the sexually harmful behaviour of a 16‐year‐old boy with a mild learning disability. The intervention was comprised of cognitive behaviour therapy, Social Stories™ and a behavioural programme that reinforced appropri...

Systematic review: the treatment of noncardiac chest pain

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Patients with GERD‐related noncardiac chest pain should be treated with at least double dose PPI. The primary treatment for non‐GERD‐related noncardiac chest pain, regardless if oesophageal dysmotility is present, is pain modulators. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Insomnia: Britons' health 'at risk' as 50% fail to get enough sleep

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 13 Nov 2011 00:07:00 +0100

NHS must take action or face an increase in a raft of illnesses, including diabetes and depression, warns expertWorrying about the recession? Anxious about a big work meeting? Fretting over the performance of your football team? If these concerns keep you awake at night, you're not alone.Getting a good night's sleep has never been so tricky in Britain, it seems, as 51.3% of us struggle to nod off. And women are three times more likely than men to suffer – 75% of women report problems, compared with 25% of men, say new statistics from the Great British Sleep Survey, which suggests the nation's health is suffering as a result of insomnia.Professor Colin Espie of Glasgow University, the co-founder of sleep organisation Sleepio, which commissoned the survey, said the results pointed to a "re...

Internet-based treatment of depression: a randomized controlled trial comparing guided with unguided self-help.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:46:13 +0100

Authors: Berger T, Hämmerli K, Gubser N, Andersson G, Caspar F Abstract Internet-delivered self-help for depression with therapist guidance has shown efficacy in several trials. Results from meta-analyses suggest that guidance is important and that self-help programs without support are less effective. However, there are no direct experimental comparisons between guided and unguided internet-based treatments for depression. The present study compared the benefits of a 10-week web-based unguided self-help treatment with the same intervention complemented with weekly therapist support via e-mail. A waiting-list control group was also included. Seventy-six individuals meeting the diagnostic criteria of major depression or dysthymia were randomly assigned to one of the three condition...

Mindfulness and the attenuation of post-event processing in social phobia: an experimental investigation.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:46:03 +0100

Authors: Cassin SE, Rector NA Abstract The present experimental study examined the ability of metacognitive strategies to reduce the distress associated with post-event processing (PEP). Individuals with DSM-IV generalized social phobia (N = 57) were randomly allocated to receive brief training in mindfulness, distraction, or no training (control group). Next, they underwent an experimental PEP induction. Following the induction, they were instructed to apply the metacognitive strategy (mindfulness or distraction) they were taught or to continue thinking about the social event the way they typically would following such an event (control). Participants rated their distress on a visual analogue scale prior to the PEP induction, and then every minute for 5 min while applying the m...

Attention modification in persons with fibromyalgia: a double blind, randomized clinical trial.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:45:53 +0100

Authors: Carleton RN, Richter AA, Asmundson GJ Abstract Contemporary models of chronic musculoskeletal pain emphasize the critical roles of fear, anxiety, and avoidance as well as biases in attention in the development and maintenance of chronic pain disability. Evidence supports the influence of individual difference variables such as anxiety sensitivity, pain-related anxiety, and catastrophizing on the pain experience and on pain-related attentional biases. Changes in attentional biases have been associated with treatment gains in patients with clinically significant anxiety. The Attentional Modification Paradigm (AMP) is a modification of the dot-probe paradigm used to facilitate such changes in attentional biases. Given the relationship between chronic musculoskeletal pain and ...

CBT for Psychosis: A Symptom-Based Approach.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:45:42 +0100

Authors: Johns L PMID: 22060251 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy)

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Distress tolerance: theory, research, and clinical applications.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:45:32 +0100

Authors: Buckner JD PMID: 22060252 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy)

Exposure therapy for anxiety: principles and practice.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:45:22 +0100

Authors: Davis M, Powers M PMID: 22060253 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy)

Editorial board.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 12:45:12 +0100

Authors: PMID: 22060254 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy)

Using cognitive‐behavioural techniques to improve exclusive breastfeeding in a low‐literacy disadvantaged population

Maternal and Child Nutrition — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractDespite being an important component of Pakistan's primary health care programme, the rates of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months remain among the lowest in the world. Low levels of literacy in women and deeply held cultural beliefs and practices have been found to contribute to the ineffectiveness of routine counselling delivered universally by community health workers in Pakistan. We aimed to address this by incorporating techniques of cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) into the routine counselling process. We conducted qualitative studies of stakeholders' opinions (mothers, community health workers, their trainers and programme managers) and used this data to develop a psycho‐educational approach that combined education with techniques of CBT that could be integrated into ...

Interval aerobic training as a tool in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 23:14:13 +0100

We describe the procedures used in the exercise program and also the positive results achieved regarding cardiac anxiety reduction and everyday anxiety reduction concerning activities that requested physical effort. (Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria)

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Marcos Tomanik Mercadante (1960-2011)

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 23:14:13 +0100

Errata

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 23:14:13 +0100

Cognitive-behavioural therapy for children with behavioural difficulties in the Singapore mainstream school setting

School Psychology International — Fri, 04 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The present study investigated the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) programme delivered by a school psychologist for children with behavioural difficulties in Singapore elementary school classrooms. It examined the impact of a 12-session, psychoeducational group intervention in helping misbehaving pupils to control their school and home behaviours, maintain peer relationships, and improve self-esteem. Ninety-five pupils, aged between 8- and 12-years-old (M = 10.08, SD = 1.10) were randomly assigned to CBT (experimental) groups and control groups. The CBTgroups learned and practised skills in self-monitoring, problem-solving, and self-management. The control groups discussed rule compliance and role-played behaviours that conformed to school rules. CBT groups improved ...

The effectiveness of an improved multidisciplinary pain management programme: a 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up study

Journal of Advanced Nursing — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. These results are consistent with the ultimate goal of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy approaches, which is to help patients with chronic pain to cope more effectively and to improve their health‐related quality of life and functioning. To maintain treatment improvements and advance nursing, there is a clear need for research that tests the efficacy of follow‐up interventions that are designed to prevent drop out and relapse. (Source: Journal of Advanced Nursing)

Tailored cognitive-behavioural therapy and exercise training improves the physical fitness of patients with fibromyalgia

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions A tailored multidisciplinary treatment approach for fibromyalgia consisting of CBT and exercise training is well tolerated, yields clinically relevant changes, and appears a promising approach to improve patients' physical fitness. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT00268606 (Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases)

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The process of change in psychotherapy for depression: helping clients to reformulate the problem

Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study examined how clients with depression improved during psychotherapy sessions.AbstractThere is increasing interest in mental health nurses delivering structured short‐term evidence‐based psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT); however, while there is evidence of the efficacy of psychotherapy for depression, there is limited understanding of the treatment processes. Data were drawn from audio tapes of CBT and IPT sessions for treatment of depression. The transcripts of the initial, middle and final psychotherapy sessions of 40 clients were analysed. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify what was occurring in the sessions, how the client was describing psychotherapy and how the client was describing improvement o...

What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in young people?

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a clear imperative to develop the evidence base to ensure that effective treatments for young people aged up to 25 years with severe and complex disorders that include comorbid conditions, suicide risk and psychosocial difficulties are investigated and disseminated. Furthermore, this work has highlighted the need for greater investment in models of care that ensure integration between existing primary and secondary care and enhanced specialist early intervention mental health services for young people. PMID: 21999241 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry)

Clarifying the Relationship Between AS Dimensions and PTSD Symptom Clusters: Are Negative and Positive Affectivity Theoretically Relevant Constructs?

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Fetzner MG, Collimore KC, Carleton RN, Asmundson GJ Abstract The association between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been established in contemporary literature; however, research is divided over the nature of specific relationships between AS dimensions and PTSD symptoms clusters. Further, a paucity of research has examined the AS and PTSD relationship while accounting for theoretically relevant variables, such as negative (NA) and positive affect (PA). The purpose of the current study was twofold: first, to clarify divergent findings regarding the contribution of AS dimensions to PTSD symptom clusters, and, second, to further assess the relevance of NA and PA within the AS/PTSD relationship. Hierarchal regression analyses showed that...

Unlearning negative conduct with behavioural therapy

Monsters and Critics Health News — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 07:26:26 +0100

(Source: Monsters and Critics Health News)

Early intervention in psychosis: clinical aspects of treatment [Articles]

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Engaging patients in first-episode psychosis services is critical in maximising the effect of early intervention and establishing a framework for longer-term treatment. Biopsychosocial assessments determine a working diagnosis and inform evidence-based treatment. Atypical antipsychotics should be used at doses that maximise therapeutic benefit and adherence while minimising side-effects. Patients are helped to construct a narrative of their illness, including a shared understanding of the contribution of biological and environmental risks, and early warning signs. Common comorbid conditions, including depression, suicidal ideation, substance misuse and anxiety, should be addressed. Management of comorbid borderline and antisocial personality disorders is difficult; their nexus with psychos...

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Trait Versus Situation-Specific Intolerance of Uncertainty in a Clinical Sample with Anxiety and Depressive Disorders.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mahoney AE, McEvoy PM Abstract Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been most heavily implicated in the development and maintenance of generalised anxiety disorder; however, recent research has supported the transdiagnostic conceptualisation of IU by demonstrating that IU contributes to a broad array of symptoms associated with multiple anxiety and depressive disorders. The aim of this study was to examine IU firstly as a trait variable and secondly in reference to a regularly occurring, diagnostically relevant situation in a large clinical sample (N = 218). A measure of situation-specific IU (the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Situation-Specific Version; IUS-SS) is presented. The IUS-SS was found to have a unitary factor structure and high internal consistency. Partici...

A Transdiagnostic Examination of Intolerance of Uncertainty Across Anxiety and Depressive Disorders.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mahoney AE, McEvoy PM Abstract Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been identified as a potential maintaining factor for generalised anxiety disorder; however, there is a growing evidence to suggest that IU may contribute to other anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, certain components of IU (namely prospective and inhibitory IU) have been shown to be differentially associated with symptoms of emotional disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which individuals with various anxiety and depressive disorders endorsed IU, firstly as a trait variable (with prospective and inhibitory components) and secondly in reference to regularly occurring, diagnostically relevant situations (situation-specific IU). The degree to which diagnosis predicted IU wa...

Sensitivity gene predicts whether anxious children will benefit from CBT

Medical Research Council Press Releases — Tue, 25 Oct 2011 12:00:00 +0100

Research funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) has shown that a genetic marker can be used to predict whether a child suffering from anxiety disorder will benefit from cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT. (Source: Medical Research Council Press Releases)

Evidence of Improved Shooting Precision in Biathlon After 10 Weeks of Combined Relaxation and Specific Shooting Training.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Laaksonen MS, Ainegren M, Lisspers J Abstract The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that a combined relaxation (applied tension release, ATR) and specific shooting training regimen may enhance shooting ability of biathlon athletes. Seven biathletes of high national level were randomized into an experimental group (age 20 ± 5 years; Vo (2max) 60 ± 8 mL kg(- 1) min(- 1)) and were asked to add this special training intervention to their regular training for 10 weeks, while five other biathletes served as controls (age 19 ± 2 years; Vo (2max) 57 ± 10 mL kg(- 1) min(- 1)). The shooting ability of the subjects was assessed before and after the intervention at rest and after roller skiing on a treadmill in a laboratory-based competition simulating...

Behavioral Inhibition and Attentional Network Functioning.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tull MT, Maack DJ, Viana AG, Gratz KL Abstract The goal of the present study was to examine the interrelations between the sensitivity of the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and attentional network functioning (i.e., the orienting, alerting, and executive attentional networks), with the aim of identifying a potentially relevant mechanism for understanding the relation between BIS sensitivity and the pathogenesis of anxiety and its disorders. To this end, 99 participants were recruited from the community and administered a questionnaire assessing BIS sensitivity, as well as the Attentional Network Test. Results demonstrated a significant association between BIS sensitivity and enhanced orienting attention. Further, BIS sensitivity predicted orienting attention above and ...

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Effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy for the treatment of catastrophisation in patients with fibromyalgia: A randomised controlled trial

Arthritis Research and Therapy — Sun, 23 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) should be included in standard treatment of fibromyalgia, as a clinical trial shows it improves outcomes including pain catastrophising, pain acceptance, function and quality of life. (Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy)

Predictors of outcome after CBT for first-episode psychosis identified

MedWire News - Psychiatry — Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Australian researchers have identified factors that may help identify patients with first-episode psychosis who are most likely to benefit from cognitive behaviour therapy. (Source: MedWire News - Psychiatry)

Review: group cognitive behavioural therapy reduces depression symptoms in older adults with depression compared with waiting list control

Evidence-Based Mental Health — Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

QuestionQuestion Is group psychotherapy an effective treatment for older adults with depression? Outcomes Changes in depression scale scores. MethodsDesign Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, PsychoInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane and Controlled trials register were searched up to April 2009. Additional studies were identified by reviewing evidence and guidelines from National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, the Society of Psychotherapy Research and the British Association of Psychotherapy; by searching dissertation abstracts; by hand searches of reference lists and key journals; and through contact with experts in the field. Published and unpublished research in any language were included. Study selection and analysis All randomised and cluster-randomi...

The Effectiveness of a Nondiet Multidisciplinary Weight Reduction Program for Severe Overweight Patients with Psychological Comorbidities

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Mon, 17 Oct 2011 22:54:41 +0100

Conclusion. Participants with BMI >40 kg/m2 may achieve significant changes of weight reduction and psychological symptoms. However, the primary outcome should not be weight reduction. It is necessary to identify the benefits of lifestyle modification on changing risk profiles and emotional regulation of food intake. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

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A randomized controlled effectiveness trial of cognitive behavior therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in terrorist-affected people in Thailand. - Bryant RA, Ekasawin S, Chakrabhand S, Suwanmitri S, Duangchun O, Chantaluckwong T.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Sun, 16 Oct 2011 02:41:16 +0100

This study reports the first randomized ... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Using positive thinking to find work and self-worth

The Irish Times - Health — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 15:01:38 +0100

A series of free workshops is using cognitive behavioural therapy to help people believe in themselves, writes ELEANOR FITZSIMONS (Source: The Irish Times - Health)

Effectiveness of different interventions using a psychosocial subgroup assignment in chronic neck and back pain patients: a 10-year follow-up.

Disability and Rehabilitation — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In terms of long-term follow-up of sickness absence, the multidisciplinary programme appears to be most beneficial for DYS and AC patients. In contrast, the CBT and PT interventions failed to benefit any patient group. [Box: see text]. PMID: 21988525 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

Compulsive features in behavioural addictions: the case of pathological gambling

Addiction — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions PG shares more similarities with SUDs than with OCD. Similar to the investigation of impulsivity, studies of compulsivity hold promising insights concerning the course, differential diagnosis and treatment of PG, SUDs, and OCD. (Source: Addiction)

The effects of combined acamprosate and integrative behaviour therapy in the outpatient treatment of alcohol dependence: A randomized controlled trial

Drug and Alcohol Dependence — Sat, 08 Oct 2011 15:01:18 +0100

Conclusion: The results suggest that the combination of acamprosate and IBT is not more effective than treatment with either IBT or acamprosate alone. However, the two acamprosate conditions differed in success rate by about 10%, which might constitute a clinically relevant though statistically non-significant effect. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)

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Compassion Focused Therapy After Traumatic Brain Injury: Theoretical Foundations and a Case Illustration

Brain Impairment — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, CFT may be useful in conceptualising emotional responses and developing intervention in rehabilitation after ABI, especially because CFT is based on a neurophysiological model of affect regulation that pays particular attention to the importance of affiliative emotions in the regulation of threat-focused emotion and self-construction. (Source: Brain Impairment)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for improving the lives of cancer patients: a preliminary study

Psycho-Oncology — Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: ACT effect sizes were comparable to those obtained in studies examining the effectiveness of other psychological therapies, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, at improving quality of life among individuals with cancer. This supports further research into ACT as an effective intervention for cancer patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Psycho-Oncology)

Improving quality of life after breast cancer: Dealing with symptoms

Maturitas — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Some of these symptoms have even been the objective of randomised controlled trials, but consistent data are missing. The available interventions include pharmacological, behavioural therapies and complementary and alternative medicine approaches and will mostly depend on the type of symptom. (Source: Maturitas)

Postnatal depression 'often unreported'

NHS News Feed — Mon, 03 Oct 2011 11:40:00 +0100

Rates of postnatal depression may be higher than previously estimated, a children’s charity has claimed today. Various medical sources estimate that around 10-15% of new mothers are affected, but according to the charity 4Children around 3 in 10 new mothers may experience the condition. The figure is based on a new survey and report conducted by the charity in a bid to look at how postnatal depression (PND) is perceived and treated in the UK. According to the figures gathered by the charity: Approximately 33% of mothers who experienced depression symptoms during pregnancy went on to have PND. Approximately 25% of mothers still suffered from PND up to a year after their child was born. Approximately 58% of new mothers with PND did not seek medical help. This was often due to th...

A study of the experience of f…

ANXIETY UK News — Sun, 02 Oct 2011 05:45:17 +0100

A study of the experience of failed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Panic Disorder is looking for volunteers. jfam20@bath.ac.uk 4 info (Source: ANXIETY UK News)

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Poster 47 Evidence Based Management of Depression following Spinal Cord Injury: A Meta-Analysis

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of depression post SCI. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched for all relevant articles published 1980 to February 2010. (Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation)

Psychotherapy as an epigenetic ‘drug’: psychiatric therapeutics target symptoms linked to malfunctioning brain circuits with psychotherapy as well as with drugs

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Psychotherapies can be conceptualized as epigenetic ‘drugs’, or at least as therapeutic agents that act epigenetically in a manner similar or complementary to drugs. These findings are leading to a paradigm shift in psychiatry such that psychotherapy is experiencing a come‐back as various standardized, brief, goal‐directed psychotherapies are being integrated with drug treatment of psychiatric disorders by psychopharmacologists who have traditionally relied on a drugs‐only approach. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics)

A randomized controlled effectiveness trial of cognitive behavior therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in terrorist-affected people in Thailand.

World Psychiatry — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study reports the first randomized controlled trial of CBT for PTSD terrorist-affected people. Twenty-eight survivors of terrorist attacks in southern Thailand were randomized to 8 sessions of either CBT or treatment as usual (TAU). CBT was modified to accommodate the realistic threats facing patients. There were independent assessments conducted before, immediately after, and 3 months following treatment. Main outcome measures included symptoms of PTSD (PTSD Symptom Scale Interview), depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and complicated grief (Inventory of Complicated Grief). CBT resulted in significantly greater reduction in symptoms, including PTSD, depression, and complicated grief, at follow-up than TAU. Relative to TAU, CBT had stronger effect sizes at follow-up for PTSD, depre...

Update on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now the most frequent diagnosis in children seen by Australian general paediatricians. It is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder and is usually accompanied by one or more co‐morbid developmental and/or mental health conditions. In addition to daily symptoms, which often impair quality of life, ADHD can compromise educational and social development for the individual, and impact on families, schools and the broader community. Draft revised National Health and Medical Research Council Guidelines on ADHD were published in November 2009. This comprehensive document discusses the evidence in relation to many aspects of ADHD, which inform the large number of practice recommendations. Although there is an enormous literature on ...

Suicide attempts: prevention of repetition.

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a need for more research addressing the problem in definitions of outcomes and measurement of the dependent variables, gender-specific effects, and inclusion of high-risk groups. There is a need for the development and evaluation of new approaches that support collaboration with community resources and more careful assessment and comparisons of existing treatments with different populations. PMID: 22014695 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Psychiatry)

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[Benefits of cognitive behavior therapy and acupressure therapy in obese patients: a randomized clinical trial].

Nutricion Hospitalaria — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In the obese patient, cognitive behavior therapy and acupressure, it has lost at least three kilograms over three months and has changed lifestyles related to obesity. PMID: 22072347 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nutricion Hospitalaria)

Rumination-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy for residual depression: phase II randomised controlled trial [PAPERS]

The British Journal of Psychiatry — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions This is the first randomised controlled trial providing evidence of benefits of rumination-focused CBT in persistent depression. Although suggesting the internal validity of rumination-focused CBT for residual depression, the trial lacked an attentional control group so cannot test whether the effects were as a result of the specific content of rumination-focused CBT v. non-specific therapy effects. (Source: The British Journal of Psychiatry)

COMMAND: a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial of cognitive therapy to prevent harmful compliance with command hallucinations

BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

DiscussionCognitive behaviour therapy is recommended for people with psychosis; however, its focus and evaluation has primarily revolved around the reduction of psychotic symptoms. In this trial, however, the focus of the cognitive behavioural intervention is on individuals' appraisals, behaviour and affect and not necessarily symptoms; this is also reflected in the outcome measures used. If successful, the results will mark a significant breakthrough in the evidence base for service users and clinicians and will provide a treatment option for this group where none currently exist. The trial will open the way for further breakthrough work with the 'high risk' population of individuals with psychosis, which we would intend to pursue.Trial RegistrationISRCTN62304114 (Source: BMC Psychiatry -...

Efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions on depressive symptoms among people with mental disorders: A meta-analysis

International Journal of Nursing Studies — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The mindfulness-based interventions are efficacious for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults with mental disorders. The interventions could be used in conjunction with other treatments in clinical settings. (Source: International Journal of Nursing Studies)

Efficacy of the trial‐based thought record, a new cognitive therapy strategy designed to change core beliefs, in social phobia

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that TBTR is at least as efficacious as CCT in reducing symptoms of SAD, pointing to the need for additional studies of TBTR in SAD and other psychiatric disorders. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics)

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Cognitive behavioural treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome in a rehabilitation setting: Effectiveness and predictors of outcome.

Behaviour Research and Therapy — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, the intervention was effective for CFS patients. Cognitive behavioural factors that perpetuate fatigue symptoms are also predictors of treatment outcome. PMID: 21982345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Behaviour Research and Therapy)

Efficacy of Ultrabrief Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy Performed by Psychiatric Residents on Depressed Inpatients

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Psychother Psychosom 2011;80:374–376 (DOI:10.1159/000323406) (Source: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics)

Self Management Activation Randomised Trial for Prostatitis - (SMART-P): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials — Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSIONIf this group administered self management programme is shown to be effective in the treatment of men with chronic prostatitis it may become the new standard of care for these patients. Furthermore, it may be adapted for use in women with interstitial cystitis, a condition which is analogous to chronic prostatitis in men. (Source: Trials)

Snow Control, an RCT protocol for a web-based self-help therapy to reduce cocaine consumption in problematic cocaine users

BioMed Central — Sun, 25 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this will be the first randomised clinical trial to test the effectiveness of online self-help therapy to reduce or abstain from cocaine use. It will also investigate predictors of outcome and retention. This trial is registered at Current Controlled Trials and is traceable as NTR-ISRCTN93702927. (Source: BioMed Central)

The Hungry-for-Attention Metaphor: Integrating Narrative and Behavioural Therapy for Families With Attention Seeking Children

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy (ANZJFT) — Sat, 24 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy (ANZJFT) 32(3): 208-219 Abstract Many families come to treatment with concerns about attention-seeking children. This paper examines the dominant socio-cultural and biological influences on individual parent and child narratives about attention-seeking behaviour and explores the misalignment between the two. A case study illustrates the reconstruction of the dominant problem-saturated story through the hungry-for-attention metaphor. Finally, the author proposes an integrative approach to combining narrative practices with behavioural interventions for families and professional caregivers. (Source: Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy (ANZJFT))

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Effective elements of cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis: results of a novel type of subgroup analysis based on principal stratification.

Psychological Medicine — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses suggest that CBT-P is of significant benefit on multiple outcomes to patients able to engage in the full range of therapy procedures. The novel statistical methods illustrated in this report have general application to the evaluation of heterogeneity in the effects of treatment. PMID: 21939591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Psychological Medicine)

Randomized trial of Internet‐based relapse prevention for partially remitted depression - Holländare F, Johnsson S, Randestad M, Tillfors M, Carlbring P, Andersson G, Engström I.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 01:20:07 +0100

Objective: To investigate whether Internet‐based cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) can prevent relapse in persons with partially remitted major depression after previous treatment. Method: Seventy‐one women and 13 men (N... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Cognitive behaviour therapy augmentation of pharmacotherapy in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder - results of the POTS II study

NeLM - News — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: JAMA Area: News According to the results of the Pediatric OCD Treatment Study II (POTS II) among patients aged 7 to 17 years with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) use, the addition of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to medication management compared with medication management alone resulted in a greater response rate. Because prior literature on the treatment of paediatric OCD indicated that partial response to SSRIs is the norm and that augmentation with short-term OCD-specific CBT may provide additional benefit, researchers conducted a 12-week randomised controlled trial to examine the effects of augmenting SRIs with CBT or a brief form of CBT, instructions in CBT delivered in the context of medication...

The role of acceptance in chronic fatigue syndrome

Journal of Psychosomatic Research — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This is the first study to our knowledge which shows a change in acceptance after CBT and a relationship between acceptance and perfectionism. Acceptance may be an important factor to consider within treatments for CFS. (Source: Journal of Psychosomatic Research)

[Treatment of anxiety disorders in the elderly].

Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 05:48:02 +0100

Authors: Hendriks GJ, Keijsers GP, Kampman M, Verbraak MJ, Broekman TG, Hoogduin CA, Oude Voshaar RC Abstract summary background Although anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the elderly, they tend to be underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. aim To collect empirical evidence concerning the effectiveness of the treatment of anxiety disorders in the elderly. method Meta-analysis and randomised controlled trials. results Meta-analysis showed that cognitive behavioural therapy (cbt) was more successful than waiting-li...

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Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy in primary health care: a review

Family Practice — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. CBT delivered in primary care, especially including computer- or Internet-based self-help programs, is potentially more effective than usual care and could be delivered effectively by primary care therapists. (Source: Family Practice)

Patient predictors of symptom and functional outcome following cognitive behaviour therapy or befriending in first-episode psychosis

Schizophrenia Research — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: FEP individuals with higher baseline functioning may benefit more from CBT than those with poorer functioning. Individuals with functional difficulties may benefit from alternative treatments initially, such as supported education or employment. (Source: Schizophrenia Research)

Cognitive-behavioural treatment of pathological gambling in individuals with chronic schizophrenia: A pilot study.

Behaviour Research and Therapy — Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Echeburúa E, Gómez M, Freixa M Abstract The current study aimed to test the clinical effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioural program (CBT) specifically adapted for pathological gamblers with chronic schizophrenia, carried out in a naturalistic setting of community Mental Health Centres. Forty-four pathological gamblers with chronic schizophrenia were assigned either to a standard drug therapy for schizophrenia (control group) or to cognitive-behavioural therapy for pathological gambling plus a standard drug therapy for schizophrenia (experimental group). Psychological treatment comprised a 20-session program including psychoeducation, stimulus control, gradual exposure and relapse prevention. Therapeutic success was defined as abstinence or the occurrence of only 1 or 2...

A Randomized Trial of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Cognitive Therapy for Children with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Single-Incident Trauma.

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nixon RD, Sterk J, Pearce A Abstract The present study compared the efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) with trauma-focused cognitive therapy (without exposure; CT) for children and youth with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Children and youth who had experienced single-incident trauma (N = 33; 7-17 years old) were randomly assigned to receive 9 weeks of either CBT or CT which was administered individually to children and their parents. Intent-to-treat analyses demonstrated that both interventions significantly reduced severity of PTSD, depression, and general anxiety. At posttreatment 65% of CBT and 56% of the CT group no longer met criteria for PTSD. Treatment completers showed a better response (CBT: 91%; CT: 90%), and gains were main...

[Fibromyalgia].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Späth M Abstract Although chronic musculoskeletal pain represents the main symptom of fibromyalgia, those affected usually experience many and various accompanying symptoms of differing frequency and extent. While symptoms such as non-restful sleep, daytime fatigue, impaired memory and concentration, morning stiffness, as well as digestive and urination disorders help to establish the diagnosis, they represent a particular disease burden on patients, those around them and on the social system. Pathogenetic research is focussed increasingly on a central dysregulation in pain perception and pain processing, leading to the concept of "central sensitisation" as a final common pathway for fibromyalgia and similar syndromes. This supports the recommendations for prompt multimod...

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Universal and targeted computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (Think, Feel, Do) for emotional health in schools: results from two exploratory studies

Child and Adolescent Mental Health — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study provides proof of concept that cCBT provided as a universal or targeted emotional health intervention in schools is viable and may result in immediate therapeutic benefits. These findings are limited by the small sample size and absence of follow‐up but suggest that more methodologically robust evaluations should be pursued. (Source: Child and Adolescent Mental Health)

Auditory Hallucinations: A Comparison of Beliefs about Voices in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder

Clinical Psychology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionAuditory hallucinations in psychosis and BPD do not differ in their phenomenology or cognitive responses (beliefs about the power and malevolence of their dominant voice). The main differential appears to be the affective response. CBT that focuses on appraisals and the relationship with voices may be helpful for distressing auditory hallucinations in individuals with BPD as well as psychosis.Key Practitioner MessageIt may be important to assess the presence of and experience of voices in those with a diagnosis of BPD.It may be helpful to consider both beliefs about voices and the individual's affective responses to voices.CBT designed to target voices in psychosis (focusing on both the appraisal and the relationship with voices) may be helpful for those with BPD. Copyright © 20...

Mindfulness‐Based Cognitive Therapy for People with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Still Experiencing Excessive Fatigue after Cognitive Behaviour Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Study

Clinical Psychology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, MBCT is a promising and acceptable additional intervention for people still experiencing excessive fatigue after CBT for CFS, which should be investigated in a larger randomized controlled trial. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner MessageOnly about 30% of people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) recover after cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT); thus, methods for improving treatment outcomes are needed.This is the first pilot randomized study to demonstrate that a mindfulness‐based intervention was associated with reduced fatigue and other benefits for people with CFS who were still experiencing excessive fatigue after a course of CBT. Levels of acceptability, engagement in the intervention and rated helpfulness were high.A larger‐scale randomi...

Effectiveness of Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy Plus Pharmacotherapy in Inpatient Treatment of Depressive Disorders

Clinical Psychology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe results show that additional cognitive–behavioural treatment of depressive disorders notably improves outcome over standard procedure in acute psychiatric treatment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner MessageThere is a need for treatment strategies to accompany medication. In the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression trial (STAR*D), only 33% of the patients reached remission criteria after the first antidepressant treatment step and only 50% after the second step.The strict inclusion criteria of randomized controlled trials often render their patient populations unrepresented. For an accurate view of treatment effectiveness, their results need to be complemented with results gained from trials in clinical practice.Additional cogni...

Non-pharmacological management of behavioural symptoms of dementia.

British Journal of Community Nursing — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This article describes a 6-month pilot project in which a community mental health team provided a dementia inreach service into 4 care homes in Birmingham, UK. The project included analysis of the impact of the service at the end of the project as well as a literature review of dementia care in care homes, and especially the issue of antipsychotic medication use and non-pharmacological approaches in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The project included training care home staff in the management of BPSD; 2 questionnaires distributed at the beginning of the project found that 65% of care home staff felt a need for education and awareness, practical problem-solving and counselling in managing BPSD. Self-reported knowledge of common mental health problems and...

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Mindfulness- and acceptance-based behavioral therapies in practice.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sawyer AT PMID: 21877960 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy)

Why do they exercise less? Barriers to exercise in high-anxiety-sensitive women.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sabourin BC, Hilchey CA, Lefaivre MJ, Watt MC, Stewart SH Abstract Anxiety sensitivity (AS; fear of arousal sensations) is a risk factor for mental and physical health problems, including physical inactivity. Because of the many mental and physical health benefits of exercise, it is important to better understand why high-AS individuals may be less likely to exercise. The present study's aim was to understand the role of barriers to exercise in explaining lower levels of physical exercise in high-AS individuals. Participants were undergraduate women who were selected as high (n = 82) or low (n = 72) AS. High-AS women participated in less physical exercise and perceived themselves as less fit than low-AS women. Mediation analyses revealed that barriers to exercise accou...

Negative life experiences and the development of cluster C personality disorders: a cognitive perspective.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Birgenheir DG, Pepper CM Abstract Early negative experiences have long been thought to play an important role in the development of personality disorders. Most of the literature regarding these early life experiences has focused on borderline personality disorder, with only occasional focus on other personality disorders. Utilizing cognitive theory of personality disorders (Beck et al., 2004), the authors conceptualize cluster C personality disorders (avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive). They then critically review the relevant literature on early negative life experiences and later development of these disorders to determine whether the theory is supported by the empirical data. The theory regarding avoidant and dependent personality disorders has limited suppo...

Functions of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury among Young Women in Residential Care: A Pilot Study with the Swedish Version of the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lindholm T, Bjärehed J, Lundh LG Abstract Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) refers to the direct and deliberate destruction of one's own body tissue in the absence of lethal intent. The Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury (ISAS) is a recently developed instrument that taps both the frequency of different forms of NSSI and the self-perceived functions of the behaviour. The purpose of the present pilot study was to use the ISAS to study the functions of self-injury in a group of women with severe forms of NSSI who were treated within Swedish residential care settings and also to compare the patients' views with their therapists' views concerning these functions. Consistent with previous research, the patients reported intrapersonal functions (e.g. affect regulation and s...

Integrating Theories and Concepts: Formulation Driven CBT for a Client with a Diagnosis of Schizo‐Affective Disorder

Clinical Psychology — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Therapists working with people who have complex problems associated with psychosis may find it difficult to apply currently available cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) manuals to client's presenting problems. This can lead to activation of negative therapist beliefs about themselves, the client or the therapy and subsequent problems maintaining the therapeutic relationship. This paper describes the integration of a range of models and concepts derived from CBT which were used to assist one such client with complex problems associated with psychosis. As such, it is proposed that taking a flexible, formulation driven approach to therapy can assist therapists to remain client centred and work effectively. The therapy described draws on a number of concepts including those taken from schema ...

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Cocaine Addiction Treatments to improve Control and reduce Harm (CATCH): New Pharmacological Treatment Options for Crack-Cocaine Dependence in the Netherlands

BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles — Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

DiscussionTo date, the CATCH-study is the first study in the Netherlands that explores new treatment options for crack-cocaine dependence focusing on both abstinence and harm minimisation. It is expected that the study will contribute to the development of new treatments for one of the most problematic substance use disorders.Trial RegistrationThe Netherlands National Trial Register NTR2576The European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials EudraCT2009-010584-16 (Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles)

The effectiveness of community day‐long CBT‐I workshops for participants with insomnia symptoms: a randomised controlled trial

Journal of Sleep Research — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Trauma rehabilitation for war-affected persons in northern Uganda: A pilot evaluation of the EMPOWER programme.

The British Journal of Clinical Psychology — Sun, 14 Aug 2011 00:46:30 +0100

Conclusions. The results of this study provide initial support for the application of structured CBT interventions in war-affected areas, illustrating that the EMPOWER programme could be utilized by humanitarian agencies to address the psychosocial needs of war-affected displaced persons. PMID: 21810104 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The British Journal of Clinical Psychology)

Neural changes following cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis: a longitudinal study

Brain — Fri, 12 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study provides the first evidence that cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis attenuates brain responses to threatening stimuli and suggests that cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis may mediate symptom reduction by promoting processing of threats in a less distressing way. (Source: Brain)

Acceptability of behaviour therapy for dental phobia

Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology — Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The perceptions of individuals with dental phobia of the acceptability of behavioural approaches to management are influenced by the perceived outcome of the treatment. (Source: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology)

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Clinical complexity and the effectiveness of an intervention for depressed diabetes patients.

Chronic Illness — Thu, 11 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This intervention had varying impacts on physical and mental health depending on patients' clinical complexity. Physical activity and depressive symptom gains may be more likely among less complex patients, although more complex patients may achieve cardiovascular benefits through decreased blood pressures. PMID: 21840915 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Chronic Illness)

[Psychotherapy and obesity : Strategies, challenges and possibilities.]

Der Nervenarzt — Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Teufel M, Becker S, Rieber N, Stephan K, Zipfel S Abstract One fifth of the German population is obese with increasing prevalence. Psychotherapy plays an important role in weight loss programmes. Cognitive behaviour therapy, targeting lifestyle changes, including exercise and eating behaviour, is the evidence-based treatment of choice. Especially the lack of motivation or absence of weight loss, further weight gain or psychosocial burden makes psychotherapy essential. The treatment of a comorbid binge eating disorder should be initiated prior to focusing on weight loss. Remarkably difficult stages in the treatment of obesity are the initiation of changes as well as the maintenance of the achieved weight loss. Internet-based attempts will become increasingly important. ...

The effectiveness of cognitive‐behavioural therapy for temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation — Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary Cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) and its effects on temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been examined in several studies. We are trying to combine results of these studies and to explore the effectiveness. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Pubmed and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Data were searched to collect randomised and semi‐randomised controlled trials (RCTs), comparing CBT with any control group receiving other dental treatments. Two authors independently retrieved, extracted and assessed the quality of included studies. The search strategy resulted in 323 studies, of which five met the inclusion criteria, including three RCTs and two semi‐RCTs. The quality of the included studies was diverse. Meta‐analysis was not performed ...

Does the addition of integrated cognitive behaviour therapy and motivational interviewing improve the outcomes of standard care for young people with comorbid depression and substance misuse?

Med J Aust — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hides LM, Elkins KS, Scaffidi A, Cotton SM, Carroll S, Lubman DI To determine whether the addition of cognitive behaviour therapy and motivational interviewing (CBT/MI) to standard alcohol and other drug (AOD) care improves outcomes for young people with comorbid depression and substance misuse. PMID: 21806516 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Med J Aust)

Treatment experiences of children and adolescents with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Few patients use psychostimulant medication in isolation, with the majority of parents using multiple approaches to manage their child's behaviour. Parents tried a variety of therapies before commencing psychostimulant medication, often because of fears regarding psychostimulant safety. Parents were generally happy with the results gained; however adolescents interviewed were less convinced of the benefits of psychostimulants. (Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health)

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Is cognitive behavioural therapy an effective complement to antidepressants in adolescents? A meta‐analysis

Acta Neuropsychiatrica — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Combined treatment seems to be more effective than antidepressant alone on global functioning and general improvement in adolescents with major depressive and anxiety disorders. (Source: Acta Neuropsychiatrica)

Long-term effects of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy in generalized anxiety disorder: 12-month follow-up.

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In GAD, both CBT and STPP yield large and stable effects 12 months after treatment. Concerning trait anxiety and worry, CBT seems to be superior. For STPP, further studies should be carried out to confirm the results. PMID: 21878162 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Psychiatry)

Access to and waiting time for psychiatrist services in a canadian urban area: a study in real time.

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Substantial barriers exist for family physicians attempting to refer patients for psychiatric referral. Consolidated efforts to improve access to psychiatric assessment are needed. PMID: 21878158 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Psychiatry)

Clinical trials of drug and behaviour therapies: methodological issues [Correspondence]

The British Journal of Psychiatry — Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: The British Journal of Psychiatry)

Do video reviews of therapy sessions help people with mild intellectual disabilities describe their perceptions of cognitive behaviour therapy?

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research — Sat, 30 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The BRP seems a feasible approach with this client group and gave insights into their feelings and opinions on CBT. Clinical implications of the results and the potential for further developments are discussed. (Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research)

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Possible treatment for unexplained symptoms

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Researchers have explored guided self-help using cognitive behavioural therapy as a way to treat undiagnosed neurological symptoms. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Motivation‐focused Treatment for Eating Disorders: A Sequential Trial of Enhanced Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with and without Preceding Motivation‐Focused Therapy

European Eating Disorders Review — Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionIn this sample, MFT + CBT‐E was not associated with superior treatment outcome when compared with CBT‐E as usual. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. (Source: European Eating Disorders Review)

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Medication-Treated Adults with ADHD and Persistent Symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

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A Review on Assessment and Treatment for Depression in Malaysia

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 20:00:49 +0100

This paper aimed to review the literature on depression that focused on its assessment and treatment in Malaysia. PsycINFO, Medline, local journals were searched, and 18 published articles were included in this paper. Results indicate that research on depression in Malaysia, particularly validation studies and psychotherapy research, was weak and fragmented, with minimal empirical evidence available. Pharmacotherapy still dominated the treatment for depression, and, in terms of psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) was recently practiced, but only a few studies have reported on the treatment efficacy of CBT. Major limitations of studies were noted, and, consequently, the problems that are associated with the implementation and future direction of clinical and research on depre...

MedWorm: Behavioural Therapy

Claiming Territory Back From OCD

The Acceptability and Efficacy of a Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Programme in a Community Mental Health Setting.

Does exposure and response prevention improve the results of group cognitive-behavioural therapy for male slot machine pathological gamblers?

Psychosocial stress and cardiovascular risk - current opinion.

Interventions for smoking cessation in Indigenous populations.

Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation.

Nursing leadership in a chronic pain management group approach

Behavioural therapy is more effective than delayed treatment for persistent postprostatectomy incontinence

Cognitive behaviour therapy for sex offenders. Too good to be true?

Self‐care strategies to facilitate sleep in patients with heart disease—A qualitative study

Seminar: Chronic insomnia

A combination of illness invalidation from the work environment and helplessness is associated with embitterment in patients with FM

Do humans respond to fear like animals?

Trauma focused CBT for PTSD in young children is feasible, and may reduce PTSD symptoms

Review: psychological and pharmacological treatments reduce depression symptoms in adults with coronary artery disease, but have no effect on mortality or cardiac events

Adjunctive cognitive behavioural therapy improves response in children with OCD and partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Delivering stepped care: an analysis of implementation in routine practice

The importance of observing

Group cognitive behavioural therapy for first episode psychosis: who's referred, who attends and who completes it?

Willingness to use ADHD treatments: a mixed methods study of perceptions by adolescents, parents, health professionals and teachers

The Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Body Image Problems (2012-01-09)

A Randomized Trial of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Cognitive Therapy for Children with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following Single-Incident Trauma. - Nixon RD, Sterk J, Pearce A.

Reducing contamination by exposure plus safety behaviour. - Rachman S, Shafran R, Radomsky AS, Zysk E.

Understanding children’s dental anxiety and psychological approaches to its reduction

Preventing progression to first-episode psychosis in early initial prodromal states [PAPERS]

Can We Modify Maladaptive Attributions for Fatigue?

A survey of engagement and competence levels in interventions and activities in a community mental health workforce in England

Managing behavioural problems in human-dog interactions.

Efficacy of exposure versus cognitive therapy in anxiety disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cannabinoid hyperemesis

A Randomised Controlled Trial on hypnotherapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: design and methodological challenges (the IMAGINE study)

Social skills training for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years.

Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy for the treatment of depression in people with multiple sclerosis: external pilot trial

Chronic fatigue syndrome 'cause of school absence'

“They didn't tell us, they made us work it out ourselves“: Patient perspectives of a cognitive‐behavioural programme for rheumatoid arthritis fatigue

A preliminary exploration of predictors of outcome and cognitive mechanisms of change in cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis in people not taking antipsychotic medication.

Does Treating Insomnia With Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Influence Comorbid Anxiety and Depression? An Exploratory Multiple Baseline Design With Four Patients

Evaluation of An Australian Day Treatment Program for Eating Disorders

A randomised controlled trial of acceptance-based cognitive behavioural therapy for command hallucinations in psychotic disorders.

Cognitive behavioural therapy and its relevance to nursing.

Sensorimotor gating and clinical outcome following cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis

Neck exercises, physical and cognitive behavioural-graded activity as a treatment for adult whiplash patients with chronic neck pain: Design of a randomised controlled trial

Cognitive behavioural therapy as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for treatment resistant depression in primary care: The CoBalT randomised controlled trial protocol

Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents.

The European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on suicide treatment and prevention.

Erratum to “N-acetyl aspartate concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex in patients with schizophrenia: A study of clinical and neuropsychological correlates and preliminary exploration of cognitive behaviour therapy effects” [Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 182(3) (2010) 251–260]

Cognitive behaviour therapy with parental implementation over six months can improve rates of anxiety and ability to cope in young children

Cognitive behaviour therapy and supportive therapy for bipolar disorders: relapse rates for treatment period and 2-year follow-up.

Psychosocial interventions for the management of chronic orofacial pain.

Predicting Outcome of Inpatient CBT for Adolescents with Anxious‐Depressed School Absenteeism

Phone counselling pain management 'better than GP care'

Symptoms Of Chronic Widespread Pain Improved By Talking Therapy Over The Phone

Exploring variables associated with change in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for anxiety following traumatic brain injury.

Treatment of depressive disorders in primary care - protocol of a multiple treatment systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Managing sexually harmful behaviour in a residential special school

Systematic review: the treatment of noncardiac chest pain

Insomnia: Britons' health 'at risk' as 50% fail to get enough sleep

Internet-based treatment of depression: a randomized controlled trial comparing guided with unguided self-help.

Mindfulness and the attenuation of post-event processing in social phobia: an experimental investigation.

Attention modification in persons with fibromyalgia: a double blind, randomized clinical trial.

CBT for Psychosis: A Symptom-Based Approach.

Distress tolerance: theory, research, and clinical applications.

Exposure therapy for anxiety: principles and practice.

Editorial board.

Using cognitive‐behavioural techniques to improve exclusive breastfeeding in a low‐literacy disadvantaged population

Interval aerobic training as a tool in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder

Marcos Tomanik Mercadante (1960-2011)

Errata

Cognitive-behavioural therapy for children with behavioural difficulties in the Singapore mainstream school setting

The effectiveness of an improved multidisciplinary pain management programme: a 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up study

Tailored cognitive-behavioural therapy and exercise training improves the physical fitness of patients with fibromyalgia

The process of change in psychotherapy for depression: helping clients to reformulate the problem

What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in young people?

Clarifying the Relationship Between AS Dimensions and PTSD Symptom Clusters: Are Negative and Positive Affectivity Theoretically Relevant Constructs?

Unlearning negative conduct with behavioural therapy

Early intervention in psychosis: clinical aspects of treatment [Articles]

Trait Versus Situation-Specific Intolerance of Uncertainty in a Clinical Sample with Anxiety and Depressive Disorders.

A Transdiagnostic Examination of Intolerance of Uncertainty Across Anxiety and Depressive Disorders.

Sensitivity gene predicts whether anxious children will benefit from CBT

Sensitivity gene predicts whether anxious children will benefit from CBT