MedWorm: Occupational Therapy

Design of occupational therapy on-road test routes and related validity issues. - Di Stefano M, Macdonald W.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 15:32:08 +0100

Background/aim: Specialist Occupational Therapy Driver Assessors and driver licensing authorities require on-road assessment procedures that are both valid and reliable. Assessment validity may be influenced by both test route characteristics and driver... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

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Development of a standardised Occupational Therapy - Driver Off-Road Assessment Battery to assess older and/or functionally impaired drivers. - Unsworth CA, Baker A, Taitz C, Chan SP, Pallant JF, Russell KJ, Odell M.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 15:32:08 +0100

This article documents the development of the Battery, and provides p... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Contribution of off-road tests to predicting on-road performance: A critical review of tests. - Kay LG, Bundy AC, Clemson L, Cheal B, Glendenning T.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 15:32:08 +0100

Background/aim: Driving is an essential activity of daily living. Because it is easily disrupted by illness or injury, it is a common subject of occupational therapy assessment. Assessments of driving are critically important and carry legal implication... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Demand for Therapy Jobs Critically High in 2012

Forbes.com Healthcare News — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 15:27:20 +0100

Rehabilitation therapy is a diverse field within the healthcare industry. It includes both occupational and physical therapy. Occupational therapists work primarily with senior citizens, evaluating and improving their abilities related to physical maladies. While physical therapy is in close relation to occupational therapy, a physical therapist works more with treating specific injuries and diagnosing physical problems. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

Screening drivers with cognitive impairments using DriveSafe and DriveAware: Promising tests to predict safe and unsafe drivers

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 13:40:55 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Emerging evidence that older driver retraining can improve knowledge and on‐road driving skills

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 13:40:52 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Promotion of safe community mobility: Challenges and opportunities for occupational therapy practice

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 13:40:50 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Design of occupational therapy on‐road test routes and related validity issues

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 13:40:37 +0100

Conclusions: This study highlighted variation in route complexity between urban and rural locations. Whereas compliance with current professional guidelines for compulsory route items was very high, more detailed specification of standard route requirements is needed to improve the construct and content validity of assessments. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Community mobility promotes participation for people of all ages and abilities

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 13:40:27 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of robust evidence for interventions to manage fatigue and/or unintentional weight loss in the advanced stage of progressive illnesses such as advanced cancer, heart failure, lung failure, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia and AIDS. The evidence contained within this overview provides some insight into interventions which may prove of benefit within this population such as exercise, some pharmacological treatments and support for self management.Researchers could improve the methodological quality of future studies by blinding of outcome assessors. Adopting uniform reporting mechanisms for fatigue and weight loss outcome measures would also allow the opportunity for meta-analysis of small studies.Researcher...

Problems and Accommodation Strategies Reported by Computer Users with Rheumatoid Arthritis or Fibromyalgia

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:30:35 +0100

Conclusions: The number of problems during computer use was substantial in our sample, and our respondents with RA and FM may not implement the most effective strategies to deal with their chair, keyboard, or mouse problems. This study suggests that workers with RA and FM might potentially benefit from education and interventions to assist with the development of accommodation strategies to reduce problems related to computer use. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10926-012-9353-5Authors Nancy A. Baker, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 5012 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USAElaine N. Rubinstein, Department of Measurement and Evaluation of Teaching, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USAJoan C. Rogers, Department of Occupat...

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A multi-center study on low-frequency rTMS combined with intensive occupational therapy for upper limb hemiparesis in post-stroke patients

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Background: Both low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and intensive occupational therapy (OT) have been recently reported to be clinically beneficial for post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis. Based on these reports, we developed an inpatient combination protocol of these two modalities for the treatment of such patients. The aims of this pilot study were to confirm the safety and feasibility of the protocol in a large number of patients from different institutions, and identify predictors of the clinical response to the treatment. Methods: The study subjects were 204 post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis (mean age at admission 58.5+/-13.4 years, mean time after stroke 5.0+/-4.5 years, +/-SD) from five institutions in Japan. During 15-day ...

Ecosystem focused therapy in poststroke depression: a preliminary study

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThese encouraging findings require replication. Beyond its potential direct benefits in PSD, EFT may provide an appropriate context for efficient and timely administration of pharmacotherapy and of physical, speech, and occupational therapy thus maximizing their efficacy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry)

Disparity Between Functional Recovery and Daily Use of the Upper and Lower Extremities During Subacute Stroke Rehabilitation

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. A disparity between functional recovery and increases in daily use of the upper and lower extremities was found during inpatient stroke rehabilitation. (Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair)

Parenting: the forgotten role of women living with systemic lupus erythematosus

Clinical Rheumatology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:52:20 +0100

This study investigates parenting and the impact of symptoms, such as pain and fatigue, on the parenting abilities of mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Participants were 68 mothers with SLE who had children 18 years of age and younger. The mothers completed surveys consisting of a demographic questionnaire and self-report instruments such as the Parenting Disability Index (PDI), Health Assessment Questionnaire, Pain Visual Analog Scale, and Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale. Analysis of variance was used to compare parenting abilities for women with younger children (birth −5 years) and women with older children (6–18 years) and women with children in both age groups. There were no significant differences between the three groups. However,...

Apathy in parkinson's disease: Diagnostic and etiological dilemmas

Movement Disorders — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractAbout one‐third of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are diagnosed with apathy in cross‐sectional studies. However, once patients with concomitant depression and dementia are excluded, the frequency of apathy drops to 5% to 10%. Several scales have been recommended to rate apathy in PD, but specific psychiatric interviews have not been developed, and recently proposed standardized diagnostic criteria are still in the validation process. Most studies assessing the association between subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN‐DBS) and apathy have reported a relative increase in the frequency and severity of apathy, although discrepant findings have also been reported. Several mechanisms to explain apathy in PD have been proposed, from dopaminergic imbalances in frontal‐bas...

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Scope of symptoms and self-management strategies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients

Supportive Care in Cancer — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 06:41:56 +0100

Conclusions CIPN affects breast cancer patients’ routine activities, functions, and behaviors, but they develop management strategies to reduce the impact. The management strategies reported in this study suggest breast cancer patients may adopt interventions that focus on exercise, mindfulness, occupational therapy, and environmental planning toward the goal of reducing the impact of CIPN symptoms on their lives. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00520-011-1365-8Authors Rebecca M. Speck, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USAAngela DeMichele, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USAJohn T. Farrar, Department of ...

Characteristic shape of the lateral femoral condyle in patients with osteochondritis dissecans accompanied by a discoid lateral meniscus

Journal of Orthopaedic Science — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:06:31 +0100

Conclusion We clearly demonstrated that the prominence ratio in the OCD group was significantly larger than that in the non-OCD group, indicating that the shape of the LFC and OCD in the LFC may be associated with the development of these lesions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00776-011-0190-8Authors Goki Kamei, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanNobuo Adachi, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanMasataka Deie, Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Health Science, Hiros...

[Quality control of the rheumatological interdisciplinary pain-consultation].

Praxis — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The objective behind this quality control (performed for the time period from January 2006 through June 2010) was to analyse differences between employed and unemployed patients. Patients were interviewed in a longitudinal profile with a follow-up of three months after the interdisciplinarian evaluation (including medical, physio/occupational therapy as well as psychological evaluations). Client management for the group of currently unemployed persons was simplified for 63.8% of referring doctors following these consultations hours. With the group of currently employed persons it even facilitated client management for 79.2% of referring doctors, subsequent to consultation hours. 92.5% of these referring doctors would recommend the RIPA to colleagues and interested parties. PMID: 222190...

Developing and implementing driving rehabilitation programs: a phenomenological approach.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Stav WB Abstract This qualitative research study examined the experiences of practitioners who developed and implemented driving rehabilitation programs within the past 5 yr. Researchers interviewed 4 occupational therapists with 10-19 yr of experience, who identified the following facilitators of and barriers to driving program implementation: funding and equipment, institutional support, interdisciplinary conflict, role expectations, professional development, and staffing. Results support prior quantitative research identifying barriers to developing and sustaining driving and community mobility programs. Findings also suggest that program success is dependent on much more than clinical expertise. Results provide occupational therapists with a foundation of expectations ...

Modifying health outcome measures for people with aphasia.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. We provide key recommendations for making self-report measures accessible for people with aphasia. PMID: 22251830 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

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Predictive ability of 2-day measurement of active range of motion on 3-mo upper-extremity motor function in people with poststroke hemiparesis.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. Compared with later AROM measurements, initial values did not adequately predict UE motor function 3 mo after stroke. Clinicians should use caution when informing clients of UE functional prognosis in the early days after stroke. PMID: 22251829 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Neurocognitive habilitation therapy for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an adaptation of the alert program®.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. These findings yield promising evidence of the effectiveness of the neurocognitive habilitation intervention in improving executive functioning and emotional problem solving in children with FAS or ARND. PMID: 22251828 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Health care reform implementation and occupational therapy.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Braveman B, Metzler CA PMID: 22251827 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Occupational therapy students’ perceptions of occupational therapy

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Students entered their occupational therapy programmes with perceptions consistent with the general public’s views of occupational therapy. However, graduate entry students exposed to a pre‐reading package prior to entry had more advanced occupational therapy concepts than undergraduate students. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Occupational therapy students’ perspectives regarding international cross‐cultural experiences

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The ability to connect with others when building relationships in diverse cultural contexts held meaning for the students; however, the students also expressed conflict in trying to make sense of the new culture as it often challenged personal beliefs and constructs. The complexity and challenges of engaging in these opportunities needs to be recognized and further explored to assess how curricula and faculty best supports culturally responsive care. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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The impact of ‘Generation Y’ occupational therapy students on practice education

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study suggest that ‘Generation Y’ students are having both a negative and a positive impact on practice education in occupational therapy. For educators, management of the overconfident student and professional reasoning development should be addressed in university practice education workshops. For students, the need for clarification of placement expectations on professional behaviour and communication was indicated. Students may also require ‘listening to feedback’ skill development prior to practice education. Universities and practice educators should consider the development of technological resources for practice education, including simulation, to meet the needs of the, now recognised ‘Generation Y’ student. (Source: Australi...

Exploring the relationship between self‐awareness of driving efficacy and that of a proxy when determining fitness to drive after stroke

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The ADSES is an easy to administer tool that warrants further use in stroke rehabilitation. Scores on the ADSES differentiated between restricted and unrestricted driving recommendations post‐stroke. These preliminary findings indicate its potential use as a proxy measure to assist in identifying patient who are not ready for formal driving assessment. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

The good, the bad, and the ugly of evidence-based practice.

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly : APAQ — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 13:18:51 +0100

Authors: Bouffard M, Reid G Abstract The evidence-based practice (EBP) movement has been extremely influential over the last 20 years. Fields like medicine, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, nursing, psychology, and education have adopted the idea that policy makers and practitioners should use interventions that have demonstrated efficiency and effectiveness. This apparently straightforward idea is beginning to affect adapted physical activity; however, researchers and practitioners in our field often appear to be unaware of fundamental questions related to them. The major purpose of this paper is to outline and discuss 10 of these fundamental questions. This analysis leads us to conclude that EBP is a good direction to pursue in adapted physical activity if we develop a type o...

Erratum to: Using latent trajectory analysis of residuals to detect response shift in general health among patients with multiple sclerosis

Quality of Life Research — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:10:43 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ErratumPages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s11136-011-0093-3Authors Sara Ahmed, Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, CanadaNancy Mayo, Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, CanadaSusan Scott, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, CanadaAyse Kuspinar, Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, CanadaCarolyn Schwartz, DeltaQuest Foundation, Inc., Concord, MA, USA Journal Quality of Life ResearchOnline ISSN 1573-2649Print ISSN 0962-9343...

Cognitive behavioural therapy and its relevance to nursing.

British Journal of Nursing — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Cognitive behavioural therapy and its relevance to nursing. Br J Nurs. 2011 Dec 6;20(22):1443-1447 Authors: Currid TJ, Nikc 711 Evic AV, Spada MM Abstract Over the last 20 years, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has gained considerable momentum in mental healthcare practice. Its extensive evidence base for the treatment of mental health problems is well documented with the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2007a; b), which has recommended CBT as a key treatment modality in its best practice guidelines. More recently, the use of CBT has widened to a diverse range of physical healthcare environments, including dentistry, occupational therapy, palliative care and physiotherapy (Chartered Society of Physiotherapists, 2004; Buchanan and Zakrzewska, 2008; ...

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Development of a standardised Occupational Therapy – Driver Off‐Road Assessment Battery to assess older and/or functionally impaired drivers

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This research identified the most suitable physical, sensory and cognitive assessments to include in the Occupational Therapy ‐ Driver Off‐Road Assessment Battery, and provided support for its validity. The development of this standardised battery assists driver assessors to accurately and consistently assess and report the off‐road driving capacity of clients. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Retrospective cohort study of accident outcomes for individuals who have successfully undergone driver assessment following stroke

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of this small cohort study suggest that a multi‐disciplinary driver assessment may be effective in identifying people following stroke with the ability to drive safely and confidently. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Do vehicle grants and vehicle adaptations grants promote transport mobility and community access for children with disabilities in Sweden?

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: According to parents, vehicle grants and vehicle adaptation grants for children with disabilities have a positive impact on the children’s transport mobility and community access. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Wheelchair skills training programme for children: A pilot study

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: A two‐day wheelchair skills programme can potentially improve skill level in children with spinal cord injuries or spina bifida. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Perceptions of professional nurses about occupational therapy interventions in mental health at a university hospital

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 15:31:15 +0100

CONCLUSION: The strategies were perceived, either as promoters of the reorganization of the life situation experienced by the patient on admission, or as learning opportunities and support for nursing staff.OBJETIVO: Conocer las percepciones de profesionales de enfermería sobre intervenciones grupales de Terapia Ocupacional en Salud Mental realizadas con pacientes internados en un hospital universitario. MÉTODOS: Estudio de abordaje cualitativo del tipo descrito. Las anotaciones de las coordinadoras de los grupos de Terapia Ocupacional fueron analizadas en relación a las entrevistas abiertas junto a n enfermeras y n técnicos de enfermería que participaron de las intervenciones grupales de Terapia Ocupacional por el período de dos años. Las respuestas fueron sometidas al análisis de...

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Adjustment to loss of the driving role following traumatic brain injury: A qualitative exploration with key stakeholders

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Driving cessation following TBI is associated with emotional, identity, transport and participation‐related needs. An ongoing, individualised approach involving information, support and practical experiences may improve outcomes of driving cessation for people with TBI and their family members. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Challenging Evidence‐based Decision‐making: A Hypothetical Case Study about Return to Work

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractA hypothetical case study about return to work was used to explore the process of translating research into practice. The method involved constructing a case study derived from the characteristics of a typical, sick‐listed employee with non‐specific low back pain in Norway. Next, the five‐step evidence‐based process, including the Patient, Intervention, Co‐Interventions and Outcome framework (PICO), was applied to the case study. An inductive analysis produced 10 technical and more fundamental challenges to incorporate research into intervention decisions for an individual with comorbidity. A more dynamic, interactive approach to the evidence‐based practice process is proposed. It is recommended that this plus the 10 challenges are validated with real life cases, as the...

Self‐reported Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviour towards Evidence‐based Practice of Occupational Therapy Students in Ireland

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractIt is widely accepted that the occupational therapy profession needs to incorporate research findings into clinical practice so as to improve client outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes toward evidence‐based practice (EBP) of occupational therapy students in the Republic of Ireland. A validated questionnaire was used to survey the population of final‐year students from the four universities in Ireland in 2008. There was a response rate of 77% (n = 86) to the Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour Questionnaire. All students reported that they had a clear understanding of EBP and were willing to practice EBP in the future. The majority (85%, n = 73) reported accessing evidence weekly or more often. Lack of time and fieldwork educa...

Telehealth as a Means of Health Care Delivery for Physical Therapist Practice.

Physical Therapy — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lee AC, Harada N Abstract This excerpt was created in the absence of an abstract.Telehealth is defined as the delivery of health-related services and information via telecommunications technologies. According to the American Telemedicine Association (ATA), telehealth is a broad term used to describe the use of electronic communications to deliver clinical services as well as other types of health information.(1) In rehabilitation, telehealth is defined by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) as the use of electronic communications to provide and deliver a host of health-related information and healthcare services, including, but not limited to, physical therapy related information and services, over large and small distances.(2) Telehealth may be used to provid...

Contribution of off‐road tests to predicting on‐road performance: A critical review of tests

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: No gold standard off‐road test exists for predicting on road performance. DriveSafe/DriveAware and SMC Tests had the highest reported sensitivity and specificity. Thus, with further research, one or both may be found to predict on‐road performance accurately and to minimise the need for on road assessment. Several other tests are a useful supplement to on‐road testing. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Japanese Older Adults' Perspectives on Resuming Daily Life During Hospitalization and After Returning Home

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThroughout Japan, occupational therapy for older adults is available in an increasing array of institutional and community settings. However, there is a need for more knowledge of “how” older adults resume their daily lives particularly in the community. The aim of this qualitative research was to identify and describe how some older adults in Japan describe their experiences of resuming daily life during hospitalization and after returning home. Nine older adults with various physical impairments were interviewed. The open interviews were conducted 10 months to 5 years from the onset of their physical impairment. Data analysis on the basis of a constant comparative methodology resulted in three themes that characterize their experiences of resuming daily life: “doing the...

Diagnosing juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Paediatrics and Child Health — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 18:39:52 +0100

Abstract: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), is the commonest cause of chronic arthritis in childhood worldwide, has considerable morbidity and is a common cause of acquired visual loss in children due to the strong association with chronic anterior uveitis. The diagnosis is clinical and confidence in examination of the musculoskeletal system for synovitis is essential. Management of JIA is based on a combination of pharmacological interventions, physical and occupational therapy, and psychosocial support, managed by an experienced multidisciplinary team. The aim of therapy is to reach complete control of the disease, preserve the physical and psychological integrity of the child and to prevent any long-term consequence related to the disease or treatment. There is overwhelming research ...

Referees

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:31 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Cognitive behaviour therapy with parental implementation over six months can improve rates of anxiety and ability to cope in young children

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:29 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

A group‐based cognitive‐behavioural treatment program conducted over 12 weeks, can reduce anxiety in children from Chinese cultural backgrounds

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:27 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Driving to Learn in a powered wheelchair: Inter‐rater reliability of a tool for assessment of joystick‐use

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:24 +0100

Conclusion and significance of the study: The inter‐rater reliability of the assessment tool was very good. The findings indicate that the tool is reliable and has clinical usability in occupational therapy practice. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Play preference of children with ADHD and typically developing children in Brazil: A pilot study

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:19 +0100

Background/aim: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been reported to have play deficits, which can cause problems in occupational development. The aim of this paper was to report research findings on children with ADHD and typically developing children in relation to preference of play partners, play places, toys and type of play.Methods: Thirty‐two school aged children from low socioeconomic status were divided into two groups. One group of 16 children with ADHD were matched with 16 typically developing children.Results and conclusion: There were no significant differences between the two groups in relation to play partners, with classmates being the most frequent play partner for both groups. There were significant differences between the two gro...

Factors influencing job satisfaction among Jordanian occupational therapists: A qualitative study

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:15 +0100

Discussion: This qualitative study revealed that the humanistic nature of occupational therapist was counterbalanced by several dissatisfying factors for occupational therapy practitioners in Jordan. The need for better supported working conditions in terms of financial rewards, recognition, awareness and resources as well as public and professional recognition of occupational therapists are needed to enhance the occupational therapy profile in Jordan. A comprehensive collaboration is highly needed between the individual practitioners, representatives of the profession, government and hospital administrators. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Associations between women’s subjective perceptions of daily occupations and life satisfaction, and the role of perceived control

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:14 +0100

Conclusions: It seems that occupational balance and occupational meaning were pivotal for the women’s life satisfaction, but satisfaction with work and leisure, as well as perceived occupational value, was also of importance. The assumption that perceived control would have a role in the association between perceptions of occupations and life satisfaction was not confirmed.Significance of the study: The results indicate that occupational therapists need to focus on occupational balance, occupational meaning, occupational value and satisfaction with work and leisure to promote positive health outcomes, in terms of life satisfaction, when working with middle‐aged female clients. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Australia‐wide recognition of the service needs of our clients: Time for a united occupational therapy response

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 26 Nov 2011 01:57:12 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Quality of life following DBS in the caudal zona incerta in patients with essential tremor

Acta Neurochirurgica — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 16:32:40 +0100

Conclusions Although very good tremor reduction was achieved, the improvement in the quality of life scores was more modest. This could partly be explained by the quality of life being affected by other factors than the tremor itself. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00701-011-1230-zAuthors Ulrika Sandvik, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenGun-Marie Hariz, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Occupational Therapy, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenPatric Blomstedt, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden Journal Acta NeurochirurgicaOnline ISSN 0942...

Medical management of children with achondroplasia: Evaluation of an Australasian cohort aged 0–5 years

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Access to geneticists and paediatricians within the first year is high as recommended by the 2005 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. Utilisation of craniocervical magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography, polysomnography studies and formal speech review appears low, reflecting more emphasis on clinical monitoring for cervical cord compression and disordered sleep breathing as well as possible difficulties in accessing services for polysomnography and speech pathology. Grommet insertion, tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy and cervicomedullary decompression rates are similar to results reported previously. Over half of the children accessed physiotherapy and/or occupational therapy services, warranting consideration of these professionals in future guideline recommenda...

Quality of life and leisure participation in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities: a thematic analysis of the literature

Quality of Life Research — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 17:29:34 +0100

Conclusions The use of thematic analysis enabled the synthesis of findings from quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study designs. Participating in both naturally occurring, spontaneous forms of leisure activities and participating in more structured types of leisure and therapeutic programs that focus on leisure contribute to improving the QoL of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. A key aspect to consider is the child’s ability to participate in his/her preferred leisure activities. Environmental adaptations may be required to ensure that the leisure opportunities meet the children’s capabilities and contribute positively to their QoL. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s11136-011-0063-9Authors Noemi Dahan-Oliel, School of...

Challenge of Neurorehabilitation for Cerebellar Degenerative Diseases.

Cerebellum — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Miyai I Abstract Cerebellar Ataxia Rehabilitation trial tested if intensive rehabilitation improved ataxia, gait, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in 42 patients with degenerative cerebellar diseases. They were randomly assigned to the immediate intervention group or the delayed-entry control group. The immediate group received 1 h physical and 1 h occupational therapy for 4 weeks and delayed-entry control group received the same intervention after 4-week delay. The immediate group showed significantly greater functional gains in ataxia, gait speed, and ADLs than control. The improvements in ataxia and gait speed were sustained at 12 and 24 weeks after the intervention, respectively. Further strategies inducing meaningful gains for a longer period should be invest...

Participation-based therapy for children with physical disabilities.

Disability and Rehabilitation — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. The model may have utility for collaboration with families and community providers, determining goals for participation, and providing evidence-informed interventions. [Box: see text]. PMID: 22080765 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

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Community mobility in the context of universal design: Inter‐professional collaboration and education

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study aimed to explore key stakeholders’ views on the role and collaboration of occupational therapists and architects in relation to universal design and the built environment. This study is currently the only research to focus on the needs and practices of both occupational therapy and architecture in universal design. The results have implications for both clinical practice and professional education, and highlight an area of developing interest in occupational therapy.Methods: Focus groups and semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted with key stakeholders involved in the design of built environments. Data from these interviews were analysed qualitatively, using codes of interpreted meaning which were then organised into themes.Results: Three main themes emerge...

Assessing executive function in relation to fitness to drive: A review of tools and their ability to predict safe driving

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sun, 13 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and significance of the study: The appropriateness of a tool depends on the individual being assessed and on practical constraints of the clinical context. The Driving Executive Function Tool Guide provides useful information that should facilitate decision‐making and selection of appropriate executive function tools in relation to driving. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Combined therapeutic application of botulinum toxin type A, low-frequency rTMS, and intensive occupational therapy for post-stroke spastic upper limb hemiparesis.

European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. The protocol is safe and feasible, although further larger studies are needed to confirm its efficacy. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact. The protocol is a potentially useful neurorehabilitative approach for this patient population. PMID: 22071503 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine)

Manualization of occupational therapy interventions: illustrations from the pressure ulcer prevention research program.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Blanche EI, Fogelberg D, Diaz J, Carlson M, Clark F Abstract The manualization of a complex occupational therapy intervention is a crucial step in ensuring treatment fidelity for both clinical application and research purposes. Toward the latter end, intervention manuals are essential for ensuring trustworthiness and replicability of randomized controlled trials that aim to provide evidence of the effectiveness of occupational therapy. In this article, we review the literature on the process of intervention manualization. We then illustrate the prescribed steps through our experience in implementing the University of Southern California/Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center's collaborative Pressure Ulcer Prevention Project. In this research program, qualitative ...

Randomized controlled trial comparing tailoring methods of multimedia-based fall prevention education for community-dwelling older adults.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Tailoring fall prevention education by addressing authenticity and motivation successfully improved fall threats knowledge. Combining motivational strategies with multimedia education increased the effectiveness of the intervention in encouraging fall prevention behaviors. PMID: 22214115 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

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Relationship between postural control and fine motor skills in preterm infants at 6 and 12 months adjusted age.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We examined the relationship between postural control and fine motor skills of preterm infants at 6 and 12 mo adjusted age. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale was used to measure postural control, and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales II was used to measure fine motor skills. The data analyzed were taken from 105 medical records from a preterm infant follow-up clinic at an urban academic medical center in south Taiwan. Using multiple regression analyses, we found that the development of postural control is related to the development of fine motor skills, especially in the group of preterm infants with delayed postural control. This finding supports the theoretical assumption of proximal-distal development used by many occupational therapists to guide intervention. Further research is sugg...

Pilot study of the effectiveness of weighted vests.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the weighted vests were not effective in increasing time on task. These results should be generalized cautiously owing to the small sample size and participant selection process. PMID: 22214113 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Effects of a father-based in-home intervention on perceived stress and family dynamics in parents of children with autism.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bendixen RM, Elder JH, Donaldson S, Kairalla JA, Valcante G, Ferdig RE Abstract Parents of children with autism report high rates of stress. Parental differences in stress are inconsistent, with most research indicating that mothers report higher levels of stress than fathers. We explored parental differences before and after an in-home training program. Fathers were taught an intervention designed to improve their child's social reciprocity and communication; they then trained mothers. Stress was assessed with the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, and family dynamics was assessed with the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales II. Both mothers and fathers reported high preintervention levels of stress. After intervention, fathers' stress was reduced, but not ...

Effectiveness of an integrated handwriting program for first-grade students: a pilot study.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Case-Smith J, Holland T, Bishop B Abstract We developed and piloted a program for first-grade students to promote development of legible handwriting and writing fluency. The Write Start program uses a coteaching model in which occupational therapists and teachers collaborate to develop and implement a handwriting-writing program. The small-group format with embedded individualized supports allows the therapist to guide and monitor student performance and provide immediate feedback. The 12-wk program was implemented with 1 class of 19 students. We administered the Evaluation of Children's Handwriting Test, Minnesota Handwriting Assessment, and Woodcock-Johnson Fluency and Writing Samples test at baseline, immediately after the Write Start program, and at the end of the scho...

Correlations between quality of life and adaptation factors among people with multiple sclerosis.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We examined the correlations between quality of life and three adaptation factors--adjusted self-concept, social support, and accessibility-in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHOD: A convenience sample of 68 participants completed the Leeds Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life scale (LMSQoL) and a questionnaire assessing the three adaptation factors. RESULTS: We found significant moderate correlations between LMSQoL scores and adjusted self-concept (r = .56, p < .0001) and LMSQoL scores and social support (r = .52, p < .0001); a significant low correlation was found between LMSQoL and accessibility (r = .36, p = .003). DISCUSSION: Adjusted self-concept, social support, and accessibility were found to be critical in participants' psychosocial adaptation to the course ...

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Driving to learn in a powered wheelchair: the process of learning joystick use in people with profound cognitive disabilities.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nilsson L, Eklund M, Nyberg P, Thulesius H Abstract The Driving to Learn project explored ways to help people with profound cognitive disabilities practice operating a joystick-operated powered wheelchair. The project used a grounded theory approach with constant comparative analysis and was carried out over 12 yr. The participants were 45 children and adults with profound cognitive disabilities. Reference groups included 17 typically developing infants and 64 participants with lesser degrees of cognitive disability. The data sources included video recordings, field notes, open interviews, and a rich mixture of literature. The findings that emerged yielded strategies for facilitating achievements, an 8-phase learning process, an assessment tool, and a grounded theory of de...

Validity of using the assessment of motor and process skills to determine the need for assistance.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Evidence supports using ADL ability measures from the AMPS to provide evidence of a client's need for assistance in the community. PMID: 22214108 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Perspectives on home safety: do home safety assessments address the concerns of clients with vision loss?

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The findings provide preliminary content areas that should be included in the development of a home assessment specific to the low vision population. PMID: 22214107 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Accentuate the positive: reflections on empathic interpersonal interactions.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Abreu BC PMID: 22214106 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

High-definition occupational therapy's competitive edge: personal excellence is the key.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Clark F PMID: 22214105 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

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State of the journal, 2011.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gutman SA PMID: 22214104 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

A pilot study of rhythm and timing training as a supplement to occupational therapy in stroke rehabilitation.

Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These findings suggest that rhythm and timing training using the IM is a feasible intervention to consider as part of therapy treatment. However, IM may fit best for prefunctional treatment, as it seemed to primarily decrease impairment. It may also serve as a supplement before or after treatment in order to maximize rehabilitation potential. Clinical implications and suggestions for future studies are provided. PMID: 22233869 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation)

[Therapeutic strategies in stroke aftercare : Contents and effects.]

Der Nervenarzt — Sun, 30 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

[Therapeutic strategies in stroke aftercare : Contents and effects.] Nervenarzt. 2011 Oct 30; Authors: Steib S, Schupp W Abstract No generally accepted guidelines for stroke aftercare exist in Germany. This literature review summarizes the current evidence regarding the content and the effectiveness of aftercare strategies (exercise therapy, physiotherapy, occupational therapy) and their specific dose (intensity, duration, frequency). Exercise therapy (inter alia physiotherapy, resistance, endurance and gait training) has been shown to be effective for improving physical performance (strength, cardiopulmonary fitness, motor function) resulting in beneficial effects on gait, mobility and activities of daily living (ADL). As for the restoration of ADL and the resumption of so...

Challenges for the advance of physical and occupational therapy research

Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 02:06:18 +0100

(Source: Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia)

Creation of an evidence-based practice reference model in falls prevention: Findings from occupational therapy. - Thomas A, Saroyan A, Lajoie SP.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Sun, 23 Oct 2011 16:00:32 +0100

This study attempted to capture the evidence-based practice (EBP) behaviours of expert occupational therapy (OT) clinicians in order to develop a reference model of EBP in falls prevention. Methods: Expert clinicians participated in the creation o... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

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Using latent trajectory analysis of residuals to detect response shift in general health among patients with multiple sclerosis article

Quality of Life Research — Fri, 21 Oct 2011 05:48:02 +0100

Conclusions A lower percentage of individuals experienced response shift than previous research on smaller samples. These results may indicate the true absence of response shift, or may be limited by using a categorical outcome of GH, and GH predictors that may have also been amenable to response shift, which decreases the appropriateness of using the LTA approach. Future work will include the use of growth curve latent class analyses to assess response shift. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11136-011-0005-6Authors Sara Ahmed, Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Prom Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y5, CanadaNancy Mayo, Faculty of Medicine, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGi...

Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders: A Bio‐Behavioral‐Environmental Intervention to Improve Function and Health‐Related Quality of Life in Disabled Older Adults

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Fri, 21 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe CAPABLE intervention was acceptable to participants and feasible to provide and showed promising results, suggesting that this multicomponent intervention to reduce disability should be evaluated in a larger trial. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

The Nature and Impact of Stigma Towards Injured Workers

Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 15:51:02 +0100

Conclusions The development of sound conceptualizations in this area can advance our understanding of stigma processes and provide a framework for anti-stigma efforts. The findings have implications for public education, workplace interventions and services for injured workers. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10926-011-9335-zAuthors Bonnie Kirsh, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaTesha Slack, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaCarole Anne King, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Journal Journal of Occupational RehabilitationOnline ISSN 1573-3688Print IS...

Long-term cognitive dysfunction in patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: prevalence and risk factors

Acta Neurochirurgica — Sat, 15 Oct 2011 05:49:33 +0100

Conclusions Long-term cognitive dysfunction is common after tSAH. In addition to GCS on admission and follow-up GOS-E, the extent of tSAH is an independent risk factor for the number of cognitive domain deficits that occur. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00701-011-1198-8Authors George Kwok Chu Wong, Division of Neurosurgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaKarine Ngai, Division of Neurosurgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaAdrian Wong, Division of Neurology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaSandy Wai Lam, Division of Neurosurgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaVincent C. T. Mok, Division of Neurology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,...

Physical Therapy Activities in Stroke, Knee Arthroplasty, and Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation: Their Variation, Similarities, and Association With Functional Outcomes.

Physical Therapy — Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:/b>All 3 patient groups spent a considerable portion of their physical therapy time in gait training relative to other activities. Both gait training and community mobility are higher-level activities that were positively associated with outcomes, although all 3 groups spent little time in community mobility activities. Further research studies, such as randomized clinical trials and predictive validity studies, are needed to investigate whether higher-level or more-integrated therapy activities are associated with better patient outcomes. PMID: 22003165 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Physical Therapy)

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Predicting Road Test Performance in Drivers with Dementia

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionA screening battery that could be performed in less than 10 minutes predicted with good accuracy failure rate for the on‐road driving test in this sample of older drivers with dementia. A probability of failure calculator is provided from a logistic regression model that may be useful for clinicians in their decision to refer impaired older adults for further testing. More studies are needed in larger community‐based samples, along with discussions with patients, families, and clinicians, with regard to acceptable levels of test uncertainty. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

Creation of an evidence-based practice reference model in falls prevention: findings from occupational therapy.

Disability and Rehabilitation — Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The model represents the expert clinical decisions in each of the EBP steps and illustrates what aspects of the decision-making process are in line with EBP versus aspects that are driven primarily by experience. This research has the potential to assist clinicians working in prevention of falls in geriatric rehabilitation who can use the model as a practice framework to guide them through the EBP process. [Box: see text]. PMID: 21992438 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

Driving simulator sickness: An evidence-based review of the literature. - Classen S, Bewernitz M, Shechtman O.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 00:10:04 +0100

OBJECTIVE: Guided by the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (2nd edition; American Occupational Therapy Association, 2008), we conducted an evidence-based review on simulator sickness (SS). METHOD: We searched Web of Science, PubMe... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

[Medical Rehabilitation of Middle-Aged Insurants (55-plus): Results of a Qualitative Study with Rehab Patients and Rehab Professionals.]

Die Rehabilitation — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Krüger-Wauschkuhn T, Pohontsch N, Deck R Abstract Due to the demographic aging process of Germany's population, the development of morbidity and limited resources, a rethinking is needed in the fields of healthcare and social policy. The medical rehabilitation system will be of particular importance because of the increase of chronic and multiple illnesses in older age groups and the postponement of the retirement age. As the composition of rehabilitation patients will reflect broader demographic changes the question arises whether treatment plans of rehabilitation clinics will meet the demands and needs of older rehabilitation patients and which changes in rehabilitation processes might be required.In 18 semi-structured focus groups, 62 rehabilitation patients with diffe...

A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing occupational therapy with independent exercises after volar plate fixation of a fracture of the distal part of the radius.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Prescription of formal occupational therapy does not improve the average motion or disability score after volar locking plate fixation of a fracture of the distal part of the radius. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. PMID: 22005860 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume)

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Parents reported oral sensory sensitivity processing and food preference in ADHD

Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study investigates the association of oral sensory processing problems with ODD and SAD symptoms in children with ADHD. The parents of 189 children with ADHD completed Oral Over‐ and Underresponsivity Behaviors Inventory reporting oral overresponsivity (OR) and underresponsivity (UR) of their children. Only ODD score predicted OR scale score. None of ADHD severity, anxiety score, age and gender predicted OR score. UR scale score was only predicted by SAD and inattention scores. ODD score and hyperactivity/impulsivity score did not predict UR score. The ODD behaviour in children with ADHD needs to be evaluated and managed more extensively and it should include oral sensory occupational therapy. Future studies should extend this research to children with ADHD and obesity and food rewa...

[Occupational Therapy in Vocational Rehabilitation of Adults with Mental Illness.]

Die Rehabilitation — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Dielacher S, Höß V Abstract This publication presents a study that analyses the effectiveness of client-oriented Occupational Therapy methods in Austria concerning improvement of the occupational performance of persons with mental illness. The central research issue had been the question how far client-centred OT treatment enables improvement in the occupational performance of mentally ill persons.In order to answer the research question raised 150 persons in various vocational rehabilitation institutions were interviewed. The clients' recent performance and their satisfaction with their abilities were assessed in a pre-post design using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). The focus of...

The addition of a nurse practitioner to an inpatient surgical team results in improved use of resources

Surgery — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Adding a NP to our inpatient surgery service led to an overall improvement in the use of resources and a 50% reduction in unnecessary ER visits. This study shows that the addition of a NP not only improves continuity of care on discharge but also has the potential to yield financial benefits for the hospital. (Source: Surgery)

Time use, role participation and life satisfaction of older people: Impact of driving status

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The findings indicate that older non‐drivers may require support for participation and wellbeing. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Unmet needs for home and community-based services among persons with disabilities in Massachusetts

Disability and Health Journal — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The study findings support the need to broaden the scope of HCBS for working-age persons with disabilities and to implement community-based programs such as improving access to information for services and benefits and enhancing access to in-home supports. (Source: Disability and Health Journal)

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The Upper Limb Functional Index and Quickdash are Responsive Tools for Measuring Clinical Change After an Upper Extremity Burn

Journal of Hand Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this study was to measure outcome after occupational therapy (OT) for out-patients with burns that included the upper extremity (UE). Ultimately, occupational therapists’ goal for the study was to choose one tool that measured clinical change and that was practical for the demands of the clinical setting. Researchers determined if the Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) or the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) was more responsive in measuring disability. (Source: Journal of Hand Therapy)

A Preview of Daily Clinical Practice Patterns Linked with the Evidence

Journal of Hand Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

1) To examine how Occupational Therapists (OTs), Certified Occupational Therapy Assistants (COTAs), Physical Therapists (PTs), Physical Therapy Assistants (PTAs), and Certified Hand Therapists (CHTs) are utilizing therapeutic ultrasound. 2) Examine how CHTs are utilizing US. (Source: Journal of Hand Therapy)

Conceptualizing community development: occupational therapy practice at the intersection of health services and community.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lauckner HM, Krupa TM, Paterson ML Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite occupational therapy's theoretical commitment to community development (CD) approaches, current practice models focus on individual interventions rather than community issues. PURPOSE: This research examined three cases of Canadian occupational therapists working in CD to conceptualize CD from an occupational therapy perspective. METHOD: Data collection occurred over 12-14 days at each site and included observations, document reviews, and interviews with 14 colleagues and program participants. Constructivist grounded theory informed data analysis. FINDINGS: A conceptual framework was developed that describes the contextual background to CD initiatives and the strategies used: nurturing community pa...

Introducing the Leadership in Enabling Occupation (LEO) model.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Townsend EA, Polatajko HJ, Craik JM, von Zweck CM Abstract BACKGROUND: Occupational therapy is a broad profession yet access to services remains restricted and uneven across Canada. Access to the potential breadth of occupational therapy is severely restrained by complex supply, retention, and funding challenges. To improve access to occupational therapy, widespread leadership is needed by all practitioners. PURPOSE: This brief report introduces the Leadership in Enabling Occupation (LEO) Model, which displays the inter-relationship of four elements of everyday leadership as described in "Positioning Occupational Therapy for Leadership," Section IV, of Enabling Occupation II: Advancing a Vision of Health, Well-being and Justice through Occupation (Townsend & Polata...

A phenomenological inquiry into the embodied nature of occupation at end of life.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study contributes to knowledge about occupation at end of life and offers a starting point to guide practice that is attentive to the lived dimensions of occupation at end of life. PMID: 22043556 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy)

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Brain injury from a first nations' perspective: teachings from elders and traditional healers.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Keightley ML, King GE, Jang SH, White RJ, Colantonio A, Minore JB, Katt MV, Cameron DA, Bellavance AM, Longboat-White CH Abstract BACKGROUND: There is a lack of knowledge about how cultural ideas affect First Nations peoples' perception of rehabilitation needs and the ability to access services. PURPOSE: The study explored the perceptions of treating and healing brain injury from First Nations elders and traditional healers in the communities served by Wassay-Gezhig-Na-Nahn-Dah-We-lgamig (Kenora Area Health Access Centre). METHODS: A participatory action approach was used, leading to a focus group with elders and traditional healers. Findings, established through a framework analysis method, were member checked prior to dissemination. FINDINGS: Four themes aros...

Strengthening the Kawa model: Japanese perspectives on person, occupation, and environment.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wada M Abstract BACKGROUND: The Kawa model emerged to meet a need for occupational therapy models and theories relevant to Japanese clients and since its inception has evolved considerably. PURPOSE: To provide an overview of the Kawa model and to contribute to a critique of the model from Japanese perspectives on person, occupation, and environment. KEY ISSUES: The paper notes that the Kawa model does not portray inner self nor does it integrate one's active belonging; the author identifies the challenges of addressing issues related to occupations, and introduces the concept of seken (day-to-day community). IMPLICATIONS: The model would be strengthened by presenting inner self and a discrete layer of seken in the environment to effectively articulate belonging...

[In Process Citation].

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Further research on these tools will be necessary to meet the needs of this population. PMID: 22043553 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Optimal positioning of occupational therapy.

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Letts LJ Abstract BACKGROUND: Occupation is central to occupational therapy. Although occupation is a universal experience, occupational therapists need to consider the risks and opportunities of exploring new roles and maintaining existing services. PURPOSE: I propose three questions to guide the optimal positioning of occupational therapy services. First, how proximal is occupation in the role? Second, how strong is the evidence to support occupational therapy in the role? Third, is the timing right for change? These questions are applied to the role of occupational therapy in primary health care. KEY ISSUES: Occupation is proximal and the evidence is emerging to support an occupational therapy role in primary health care. Reforms make timing ideal. IMPLICATI...

Ikiugu’s eclectic method of combining theoretical conceptual practice models in occupational therapy

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Adopting Ikiugu’s eclectic method of combining theoretical conceptual practice models may help students learn how to combine them systematically and increase their likelihood of using theory effectively to guide clinical practice in their future as occupational therapists. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Homeless adults engagement in art: First steps towards identity, recovery and social inclusion

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Health professionals should work towards the social inclusion of homeless people through providing occupational opportunities for participation in safe settings as a first step to community engagement. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Occupational therapy students’ contribution to occasions of service during practice placements in health settings

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This article will report results of a study that developed a methodology for documenting time use during placements and investigated the productivity changes associated with occupational therapy clinical education placements in Queensland, Australia. Supervisors’ and students’ time use during placements and how this changed for supervisors compared to pre‐ and post‐placement is also presented.Methods: Using a cohort survey design, participants were students from two Queensland universities, and their supervisors employed by Queensland Health. Time use was recorded in 30 minute blocks according to particular categories.Results: There was a significant increase in supervisors’ time spent in patient care activities (F = 94.0112,12.37 df, P < 0.001) between pre�...

Response to assessment of patients’ decision‐making capacity: A response to a paper by Professor Dārzinņš

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:21 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Assessment of patients’ decision‐making capacity: A response to a paper by Professor Dārzinņš

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:19 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Response to commentary on ‘helping children with autism spectrum disorders and their families: Are we losing our occupation‐centred focus?’

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:18 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Commentary on ‘Helping children with autism spectrum disorders and their families: Are we losing our occupation‐centred focus?’

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:16 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Optimising motor adaptation in childhood obesity

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:14 +0100

(Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Utopian visions/dystopian realities: Exploring practice and taking action to enable human rights and occupational justice in a hospital context

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:13 +0100

Conclusion: The authors suggest that through discussion, and with the support of a community of practice dedicated to exploring human rights and occupational justice issues, occupational therapists can increase their awareness of human rights challenges. And, therapists can increase their actions to better enable occupational justice in their practice. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Australian norms for handwriting speed in healthy adults aged 60–99 years

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:07 +0100

Conclusions: This sample wrote the Jebsen test sentence more quickly than age‐matched peers in earlier studies, suggesting that norms should be updated regularly. Findings will inform therapists about factors affecting adult handwriting speed. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Pressure care practice and occupational therapy: Findings of an exploratory study

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:06 +0100

Conclusions: Occupational therapists play a critical role in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers and are expected to make best‐practice, cost‐effective decisions with a limited evidence base to support them. Results of this study highlight the need for pressure care practice to be explored further, particularly in community aged care settings. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

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Evaluating an online occupational therapy community of practice and its role in supporting occupational therapy practice

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:04 +0100

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the CoP is still in the early stages of development; however, it has the potential to be further embraced by therapists if further promotion, training and minor usability modifications are undertaken. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

Is occupation missing from occupational therapy in palliative care?

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:02 +0100

Conclusions: This paper highlights gaps in service provision in WA to people who are dying and their carers. It provides direction for occupational therapists to offer an occupation‐focussed approach to the care of this vulnerable group. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

A review of factors that influence adult handwriting performance

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 03:40:01 +0100

Discussion: A number of knowledge and research gaps about adult handwriting were identified, including the need for more contemporary normative data. (Source: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal)

[Neuropsychology of psychoeducation in schizophrenia : Results of the Munich COGPIP study.]

Der Nervenarzt — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Besides baseline illness knowledge neurocognition was the only significant predictor for illness knowledge after psychoeducation. Patients with cognitive deficits can profit from psychoeducation in the long run as well. In future it should be examined whether a modified cognitive training program could achieve a faster improvement of the illness knowledge. PMID: 21953134 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Der Nervenarzt)

Barriers to and facilitators for the use of an evidence‐based occupational therapy guideline for older people with dementia and their carers

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsThis study generates knowledge for applying innovations in health care settings. Improvement of the OTs' knowledge and self‐confidence is needed for using the guideline. We expect that more competent OTs will motivate their physicians and managers to use this successful COTiD intervention. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry)

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Effects of knee immobilization on morphological changes in the semitendinosus muscle–tendon complex after hamstring harvesting for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: evaluation using three-dimensional computed tomography

Journal of Orthopaedic Science — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 05:46:25 +0100

Conclusions This study showed that the structure of regenerated tendons could be clearly identified in 38 of 39 cases (97.4%) after ACL reconstruction. However, prolonged knee immobilization (10–14 days) could not prevent morphological changes in the semitendinosus muscle–tendon complex. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00776-011-0163-yAuthors Atsuo Nakamae, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanMasataka Deie, Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JapanNobuo Adachi, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate Schoo...

Goal-directed outpatient rehabilitation following TBI: A pilot study of programme effectiveness and comparison of outcomes in home and day hospital settings. - Doig E, Fleming J, Kuipers P, Cornwell P, Khan A.

SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 14:32:25 +0100

Primary objective: To determine (i) the effectiveness of a goal-directed, environment-focused occupational therapy intervention and (ii) to compare rehabilitation gains across a day hospital (outpatient) setting and home setting. Research design: Repeated ... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Modified constraint‐induced therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomized trial

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 11:56:04 +0100

Aim Conventional constraint‐based therapies are intensive and demanding to implement, particularly for children. Modified forms of constraint‐based therapies that are family‐centred may be more acceptable and feasible for families of children with cerebral palsy (CP)‐but require rigorous evaluation using randomized trials. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of modified constraint‐induced therapy compared with intensive occupational therapy on activities of daily living and upper limb outcomes in children with hemiplegic CP.Method In this assessor‐blinded pragmatic randomized trial, 50 children (27 males, 23 females; age range 19mo–7y 10mo) with hemiplegic CP were randomized using a concealed allocation procedure to one of two 8‐week interventions: inte...

Can "Severity-Intensity" Be the Conceptual Basis of an Alternative Payment Model for Therapy Services Provided Under Medicare?

Physical Therapy — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Can "Severity-Intensity" Be the Conceptual Basis of an Alternative Payment Model for Therapy Services Provided Under Medicare? Phys Ther. 2011 Sep 15; Authors: Guccione AA, Harwood KJ, Goldstein MS, Miller SC Abstract In its landmark review of the causes and consequences of disability, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) confirmed the importance of rehabilitation in restoring and maintaining quality of life, especially among older adults.(1) In an effort to meet the rehabilitation needs of this population, Medicare has covered outpatient therapy services since the enactment of Title XVIII of the Social Security Act in 1965. In 2006, 4.4 million individuals received outpatient therapy services (physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech and language pathology), represent...

P5.14 Challenges in diagnosis and management of a patient with severe congenital myasthenic syndrome mutated in CHRNE

Neuromuscular Disorders — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 03:40:10 +0100

We describe a case of a girl born with congenital talipes that was hospitalized at 21days due to fever and dyspnea and soon required intensive care therapy. EMG showed myogenic changes but muscle biopsy had only minor abnormalities. Repetitive stimulation revealed significant decrement. Motor weakness partially improved with pyridostigmin but tracheostomy and gastrostomy were necessary at 4months. Volume-controlled ventilation with high volumes was required due to diaphragmatic failure. Outpatient management was possible only after 8months, Multi-fiber enteral nutrition, atropine and urecholine improved gastroesophageal reflux and secondary complications of pyridostigmin. Garches brace prevented spinal collapse and allowed verticalization, sitting position and head support. At 3years she s...

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Wireless health startup is first to 'graduate' from UCLA's on-campus technology incubator

UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 22:20:00 +0100

MediSens Wireless, which in 2009 was one of the first startup companies selected for the UCLA on-campus technology incubator at the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), has received funding from a strategic investor in the greater Los Angeles area. The young company, the first to 'graduate' from the incubator, will now set up its own base of operations in Northern California. The technology incubator was established two years ago to nurture early-stage research and to help speed the commercial translation of technologies developed at UCLA. It was inspired by the success of Nano H2O, a California startup that licensed water purification technology developed by UCLA researchers and conducted proof-of-concept research at CNSI. MediSens, which focuses o...

Catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype (Val158met) modulates cancer-related fatigue and pain sensitivity in breast cancer survivors

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Tue, 06 Sep 2011 15:51:01 +0100

Abstract Cancer-related fatigue and pain after surgery are the most frequent and most incapacitating cancer-related symptoms after breast cancer treatment. Genetic influence of cancer-related fatigue and pain has not been previously investigated. Our aim was to examine the influence of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met genotypes on cancer-related fatigue, post-mastectomy pain, and pressure pain hypersensitivity in breast cancer survivors. One-hundred and twenty-eight (n = 128) breast cancer survivors who were treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy participated in this study. After amplifying Val158Met polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction, COMT genotype was divided into Val/Val, valine/methionine (Val/Met), or Met/Met. The Piper fatigue scale ...

The St George's Eating Disorders Service Meal Preparation Group for Inpatients and Day Patients Pursuing Full Recovery: A Pilot Study

European Eating Disorders Review — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThis naturalistic cohort study evaluates a meal cookery group‐based occupational therapy intervention for adult inpatients and day patients with severe eating disorders. It also evaluates the Eating and Meal Preparation Skills Assessment (EMPSA) as an outcome measure, allowing clients pursuing recovery to rate ability and motivation to perform tasks related to preparing and eating ‘normal’ meals. Twenty‐seven participants completed EMPSAs at their first, 10th and final sessions, plus 1 year later. The Ability subscale of EMPSA indicated significant improvements (p < 0.001) by the 10th session, which was maintained 1 year later. The Motivation subscale of EMPSA indicated no significant changes at the 10th session but highly significant improvements (p < 0.0...

Utilization of the iPad Application: Aid for Decision‐making in Occupation Choice

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate an iPad (Apple) application, Aid for Decision‐making in Occupation Choice (ADOC), so as to promote shared decision‐making in an occupation‐based goal setting. This application involves the client choosing from 94 illustrations describing daily activities related to the category of “activities and participation”. One hundred occupational therapy clients evaluated the ADOC for goal setting; the clients and 37 occupational therapists underwent a survey to determine their perceptions of decision‐making in the goal setting. More than 90% of the clients felt that they could give their opinions using the ADOC regarding goal setting. The majority of the occupational therapists (>90%) felt that ADOC would be useful in their...

Impact of Participation in a Theatre Programme on Quality of Life among Older Adults with Chronic Conditions: A Pilot Study

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of this mixed methods study was to evaluate the effect of participation in the “Seasoned Arts At the Samford for You” (SAASY) programme, which included a 6‐week acting class and four public performances, on the psychological well‐being and health‐related quality of life of older adults. Twelve older adults with chronic conditions from a low‐income senior apartment and a senior living community participated in the programme. The acting class, led by two professional artists, met for a 2‐hour class weekly for six weeks. Participants completed the General Well‐being Schedule (GWBS) and the 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) both at the beginning of the programme and one month after the programme ended. In addition, participants were individually...

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Enhancing our collective research acumen by using an epidemiological perspective.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This article advocates for enhancing our research knowledge base by including an epidemiological perspective in our research design. The benefits to occupational therapy of this research include (1) increased understanding of the extent and nature of occupational performance disability, (2) advancement of the scope and depth of research for prevention and intervention programs, and (3) improved visibility of the profession as informants for public health policy. Suggestions for preparing researchers to perform these studies and students and practitioners to interpret the studies are provided. PMID: 22026328 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Affected upper-extremity movement ability is retained 3 months after modified constraint-induced therapy.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Page SJ, Murray C, Hermann V Abstract The practicality and patient compliance of constraint-induced movement therapy limit its application in many clinical environments. For more than a decade, the principal investigator's laboratory has shown efficacy of an outpatient, modified constraint-induced therapy (mCIT). The current study examined whether participants administered mCIT retained motor changes 3 mo after intervention. The upper-extremity section of the Fugl-Meyer Impairment Scale (FM) and the Action Research Arm Test (ARA) were administered directly after mCIT intervention. Thirteen patients poststroke were tracked prospectively from directly after intervention concluded to 3 mo after intervention, at which time the FM and ARA were readministered. Three months after...

Usefulness of screening tools for predicting driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Clinical screening batteries may be predictive of driving performance in PD. The UFOV Subtest 2, administered in approximately 15 min, may be the single most useful clinical test for such predictions. PMID: 22026326 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Objectivity and stability of the Preschool Imitation and Praxis Scale.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The PIPS appears to meet the required standards regarding objectivity and stability. The PIPS may assist clinicians and researchers in evaluating and reevaluating preschoolers' imitation ability, which is a primary learning strategy of young children. PMID: 22026325 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Effectiveness of a handwriting readiness program in head start: a two-group controlled trial.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Adding HWT-GSS to the Head Start program would be beneficial in improving handwriting readiness skills. PMID: 22026324 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

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Early intervention for autism with a parent-delivered Qigong massage program: a randomized controlled trial.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Silva LM, Schalock M, Gabrielsen K Abstract A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a dual parent and trainer-delivered qigong massage intervention for young children with autism resulted in improvement of measures of autism as well as improvement of abnormal sensory responses and self-regulation. The RCT evaluated the effects of the parent-delivered component of the intervention. Forty-seven children were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-list control groups. Treatment group children received the parent-delivered program for 4 mo. Trained therapists provided parent training and support. Improvement was evaluated in two settings--preschool and home--by teachers (blind to group) and parents. Results showed that the parent-delivered program was effective in impro...

Effect of educational and supportive strategies on the ability of caregivers of people with dementia to maintain participation in that role.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Thinnes A, Padilla R Abstract A systematic review of evidence of the effectiveness of educational and supportive strategies for enabling caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or related dementias to maintain participation in that role was conducted as part of the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Literature Review Project. Forty-three articles met inclusion criteria. Results suggest that interventions that jointly engage people with AD and their caregivers in education and training in the home setting are more successful than strategies that focus solely on people with AD. Greater carryover is noted when education and training are implemented at the time that the caregiver identifies concerns. Interventions should provide caregivers wi...

Effectiveness of interventions to prevent falls in people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jensen LE, Padilla R Abstract A systematic review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of interventions to prevent falls in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Twelve research reports met inclusion criteria. Studies reported on three types of intervention: (1) exercise- and motor-based interventions, (2) nursing staff-directed interventions, and (3) multidisciplinary interventions. Strategies were offered as single or multifaceted intervention programs. All types of intervention resulted in benefit, although the evidence for effectiveness is tentative because of the studies' limitations. More research is needed to better understand appropriate dosages of intervention. No evidence was found for the effectiveness of prevention programs accesse...

Effectiveness of interventions designed to modify the activity demands of the occupations of self-care and leisure for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Padilla R Abstract A systematic review of evidence for the effectiveness of modification of activity demands in the care of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) was conducted as part of the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Literature Review Project. The review included 10 articles addressing occupations of self-care and leisure. No reports related to work and social participation were located. Results suggest that evidence for this intervention's effectiveness is strong. Four practice principles were derived from this appraisal: (1) Occupational therapy programs should be individualized to elicit the person's highest level of retained skill and interest, (2) cues used while assisting people with AD to complete tasks should be short and provide cle...

Effectiveness of environment-based interventions for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Padilla R Abstract A systematic review of evidence for the efficacy of environment-based interventions on the affect, behavior, and performance of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias was conducted as part of the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Literature Review Project. Thirty-three reports met inclusion criteria. Results suggest that ambient music, aromatherapy, and Snoezelen are modestly effective in reducingagitation but do not consistently have long-term effects. Visually complex environments that give the illusion of barriers deter people from wandering to unsafe places but do not reduce the urge to wander. Evidence that bright light therapy can aid in regulating mood and the sleep-wake cycle and thus help people remain awa...

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Effectiveness of interventions designed to modify and maintain perceptual abilities in people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Letts L, Minezes J, Edwards M, Berenyi J, Moros K, O'Neill C, O'Toole C Abstract An evidence-based review was undertaken to answer the question, "What is the evidence for the effect of interventions designed to modify and maintain perceptual abilities on the occupational performance of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias?" A systematic search of electronic databases and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria guided the selection of 31 articles. Each article was critically appraised, and the evidence was synthesized. Some interventions use remaining perceptual abilities to enable people to find their way in a facility and decrease attempts at exiting. Preliminary evidence has supported use of visual stimulation and barriers. We found some evidence...

Using occupations to improve quality of life, health and wellness, and client and caregiver satisfaction for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Letts L, Edwards M, Berenyi J, Moros K, O'Neill C, O'Toole C, McGrath C Abstract An evidence-based review was undertaken to answer the question, "What is the evidence for the effect of interventions designed to establish, modify, and maintain activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), leisure, and social participation on quality of life (QOL), health and wellness, and client and caregiver satisfaction for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias?" A systematic search of electronic databases and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria guided the selection of 26 articles. Limited high-level evidence on ADL interventions was identified. IADL interventions for people living in the community showed promise. Tailored ...

Methodology for the systematic reviews on occupational therapy for adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe the seven questions that served as the focus for systematic reviews of the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for adults with Alzheimer's disease and their families. We include the background for the reviews; the process followed for each question, including search terms and search strategy; the databases searched; and the methods used to summarize and critically appraise the literature. The final number of articles included in each systematic review; a summary of the results; the strengths and limitations of the findings; and implications for practice, education, and research are presented for the six questions addressing interventions in the areas of occupation, perception, environment, activity demands, fall prevention, and caregiver strategies. PMID: 22...

Effectiveness of occupational therapy services for people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Padilla R PMID: 22026315 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Occupational Therapy)

Ottawa panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for patient education programmes in the management of osteoarthritis

Health Education Journal — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This review of the studies to date seems to indicate the potential of patient education for OA to positively affect pain, at least in the short-term, and exercise compliance in the longer term. While the programmes reviewed varied widely in the focus and approach of education, a number of promising ‘effective ingredients’ seem to be suggested by this review. The Ottawa Panel recommendations are in concordances with other clinical practice guidelines related to the efficacy of patient education for the management of OA, especially to improve pain, physical activity level, self-efficacy and quality of life. (Source: Health Education Journal)

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Bilateral assessment of functional tasks for robot-assisted therapy applications

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 15:53:26 +0100

This article presents a novel evaluation system along with methods to evaluate bilateral coordination of arm function on activities of daily living tasks before and after robot-assisted therapy. An affordable bilateral assessment system (BiAS) consisting of two mini-passive measuring units modeled as three degree of freedom robots is described. The process for evaluating functional tasks using the BiAS is presented and we demonstrate its ability to measure wrist kinematic trajectories. Three metrics, phase difference, movement overlap, and task completion time, are used to evaluate the BiAS system on a bilateral symmetric (bi-drink) and a bilateral asymmetric (bi-pour) functional task. Wrist position and velocity trajectories are evaluated using these metrics to provide insight into ...

Service Dogs and People with Physical Disabilities Partnerships: A Systematic Review

Occupational Therapy International — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 00:14:30 +0100

AbstractOccupational therapists have recognized the benefits that service dogs can provide people with disabilities. There are many anecdotal publications extolling the benefits of working with service dogs, but few rigorous studies exist to provide the evidence of the usefulness of this type of assistive technology option. This systematic review evaluates the published research that supports the use of service dogs for people with mobility‐related physical disabilities.Articles were identified by computerized search of PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, OT Seeker, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, SportDiscus, Education Research Complete, Public Administration Abstracts, Web of Knowledge and Academic Search Premier databases with no date range specified. The keywords used in the searc...

Successful Treatment of Long-Term, Poststroke, Upper-Limb Spasticity With OnabotulinumtoxinA.

Physical Therapy — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSION:/b>This case report illustrates the efficacy and long-term benefit of onabotulinumtoxinA, combined with a physical therapy program, in the successful treatment of poststroke spasticity. PMID: 21868610 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Physical Therapy)

Learning from patients: students’ perceptions of patient‐instructors

Medical Education — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 22:59:43 +0100

CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that, in terms of power relations, the PI–student relationship differs from those between faculty teachers and students, and students and patients in the clinic. The formation of a professional identity by students may clash with the fulfilment of their learning tasks in the clinical environment. The study indicates that patient‐centredness can be fostered in the PI–student relationship. This is probably supported by the absence of faculty staff involvement in PI teaching sessions. However, further empirical research is required on what, how and why students learn from patients in different learning contexts. (Source: Medical Education)

The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure’s semi-structured interview: its applicability to lumbar spinal fusion patients. A prospective randomized clinical study

European Spine Journal — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 07:18:11 +0100

Abstract Background Although lumbar spinal fusion has been performed for more than 70 years, few studies have examined rehabilitation strategies for spinal fusion patients, and there is only sparse information about the patient’s activity level after surgery. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is a standardized semi-structured interview, developed to identify patients’ problems in relation to activities of daily living (ADL). The COPM has neither been examined in a randomised clinical study nor employed in relation to lumbar spinal fusion patients. We aimed to examine whether or not the use of the semi-structured interview COPM during in-hospital rehabilitation could: (1) identify more ADL-related problems of importance to the patients after disc...

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Postural balance in low back pain patients: criterion-related validity of centre of pressure assessed on a portable force platform

European Spine Journal — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 07:18:11 +0100

Conclusion This first study of concurrent and predictive validity of postural balance in LBP patients revealed no association between CoP measures and pain, fear of pain, and physical function. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00586-011-1981-5Authors Thomas Maribo, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Arhus C, DenmarkBerit Schiøttz-Christensen, Aarhus Rheumatology Clinic, Arhus C, DenmarkLone Donbæk Jensen, Danish Ramazzini Center, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Arhus C, DenmarkNiels Trolle Andersen, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Aarhus University, Arhus C, DenmarkKristian Stengaard-Pedersen, Department of Rheumato...

Our patients’ stories: overcoming metabolic stroke

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Mon, 22 Aug 2011 14:00:30 +0100

By Cindy Chiu My daughter Katie was born prematurely and spent her first 45 days in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. When we finally walked out of the lobby, I felt we had seen enough hospital rooms for a lifetime. Unfortunately, that wasn’t the case. Little more than two years after Katie first came home, she and I picked up a nasty stomach bug. I was really sick for over 24 hours and for the first time in her life, Katie was vomiting. But other than throwing up and tiring easily she was in good spirits, dancing around the room when she could, then taking a nap when she got too exhausted. We thought she’d get over the bug as quickly as I did, but after 36 hours I was concerned when she was still sick. That night things went from bad to worse. She cried out for water weakly in the m...

What Causes Pediatric Stroke?

PediatricEducation.org — Mon, 22 Aug 2011 00:55:33 +0100

Discussion Stroke is “…the sudden occlusion or rupture of cerebral arteries or veins resulting in focal cerebral damage and clinical neurological deficits that persist for longer than 24 hours. Stroke can be ischemic, hemorrhagic or both.” Pediatric stroke, especially in a seemingly well child, is uncommon, but not as uncommon as often presumed. Outside the perinatal time period, the rate is 2-13 events /100,000 children/year or about the same rate as pediatric brain tumors. It unfortunately is also common cause of morbidity (75% of survivors have neurological deficits) and death (one of the 10 most common causes). Pediatric stroke presentations includes dystonia, emesis, fever, headache, hemiparesis, irritability, lethargy, and seizures. Adult stroke is often due to arte...

Rehabilitation of older people after hip (proximal femoral) fracture.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sat, 20 Aug 2011 17:00:05 +0100

Authors: Stott D, Handoll H Abstract Proximal femoral, or 'hip', fracture is a major health problem in older age. It is a common condition, with a lifetime risk of around 17.5% for white women and 6% for white men. It occurs predominantly in older people, and is strongly associated with comorbidity, including under-nutrition, frailty, and impaired physical and cognitive function. The burden on society from hip fracture is huge and increasing.Prompt surgical fixation is an important first step in the treatment of hip fracture, speeding up subsequent rehabilitation and reducing the risk of limb deformity. However, even with this intervention, the outcome in survivors is often a marked decline in physical function. This is accompanied by a risk of loss of independence and nursing home...