MedWorm: HIB Vaccine

Meningitis: is a major cause of disability amongst Papua New Guinea children?

Disability and Rehabilitation — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach is required to manage the child with meningitis. Adequate knowledge, resources and assistance about the condition among the health professionals, carers and teachers would enable the children to achieve the quality of life. [Box: see text]. PMID: 22256779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

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Immunogenicity and safety of LBVH0101, a new Haemophilus influenzae type b tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine, compared with Hiberix™ in Korean infants and children: A randomized trial.

Vaccine — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: LBVH0101 showed a good immunogenicity and safety profile in infants and children. The two-dose infant-priming schedule with a booster dose may suffice for Hib immunization in Korean infants (Clinical trial registration numbers: NCT01019772 and NCT01251133). PMID: 22245607 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Two Decades of Experience With the Haemophilus influenzae Serotype b Conjugate Vaccine in the United Kingdom.

Clinical Therapeutics — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Control of Hib disease is currently the best that has been achieved since the introduction of the routine Hib vaccination almost 20 years ago. PMID: 22244051 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Therapeutics)

Modeling Insights into Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease, Transmission, and Vaccine Programs.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jackson ML, Rose CE, Cohn A, Coronado F, Clark TA, Wenger JD, Bulkow L, Bruce MG, Messonnier NE, Hennessy TW Abstract In response to the 2007-2009 Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine shortage in the United States, we developed a flexible model of Hib transmission and disease for optimizing Hib vaccine programs in diverse populations and situations. The model classifies population members by age, colonization/disease status, and antibody levels, with movement across categories defined by differential equations. We implemented the model for the United States as a whole, England and Wales, and the Alaska Native population. This model accurately simulated Hib incidence in all 3 populations, including the increased incidence in England/Wales beginning in 1999 and the ch...

Childhood immunisation with conjugate vaccines and prevention of pneumonia

Thorax — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Principi and Esposito1 describe that widespread use of Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has nearly eliminated pneumonia due to the first pathogen and significantly reduced the number of cases due to the second pathogen. So, they advise a strong recommendation of these vaccines worldwide. However, the Indonesia probe-trial cited by them actually found more cases of pneumonia admitted to hospital among those vaccinated, and meningitis admissions were not reduced significantly either. The trial did not support a major role for Hib vaccine in overall pneumonia prevention programmes, but in view of high incidences of Hib meningitis and pneumonia found in the study, the authors mentioned that inclusion of Hib vaccine in routine immunisation programmes in A...

Recurrent bacterial meningitis by three different pathogens in an isolated asplenic child

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:03:18 +0100

We describe a girl with ICA who developed recurrent meningitis by three different pathogens. The first, meningitis by Escherichia coli, occurred 4 days after premature birth. The other two pathogens were serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), at 18 and 25 months of age, respectively. The patient was successfully treated with prompt antimicrobial therapy in all episodes. Serum anti-polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) and anti-6B-type pneumococcal antibodies were below the levels for protective activity after natural infections. Although anti-PRP antibody was significantly increased after Hib vaccination, two (6B and 19F) of seven serotype-specific pneumococcal antibodies were not elevated to protective levels after the second 7-valent pn...

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A study of the variation in genetic diversity of Haemophilus Influenzae serotype b (Hib) strains in the UK between 1987 and 2010 using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) Category: Lesson in Microbiology & Infection Control

Journal of Infection — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 11:05:46 +0100

In 1992 the UK added Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine to the infant immunisation schedule (at 2, 3, 4 months), resulting in a dramatic decline in the incidence of invasive Hib disease. From 1999 there was a resurgence of invasive Hib disease in fully vaccinated children, older children and adults, which has been controlled by the introduction in 2006 of a routine booster dose of Hib vaccine at 12 months of age. We have characterised over 700 Hib strains, collected between 1987 and 2010 from UK cases of invasive disease, using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). This enabled us to study changes in the distribution of clonal groups in the bacterial population, and of overall genetic diversity over time and between different patient groups. (Source: Journa...

Hib vaccination changes epidemiology

Health News - UPI.com — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 04:02:31 +0100

ATLANTA, Nov. 13 (UPI) -- Vaccination over the past 20 years against the most common cause of bacterial meningitis dramatically reduced the disease in young children, researchers say. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

Study Finds Shifting Disease Burden Following Universal Hib Vaccination

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 12 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, once the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children, has dramatically reduced the incidence of Hib disease in young children over the past 20 years, according to a study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases and available online. However, other strains of the bacteria continue to cause substantial disease among the nation's youngest and oldest age groups... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Study finds shifting disease burden following universal Hib vaccination

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Infectious Diseases Society of America) Vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, once the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children, has dramatically reduced the incidence of Hib disease in young children over the past 20 years, according to a study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases. However, other strains of the bacteria continue to cause substantial disease among the nation's youngest and oldest age groups. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children: epidemiology and management.

Paediatric Drugs — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 11:03:08 +0100

Authors: Agrawal S, Nadel S Abstract Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) continues to be associated with high mortality and morbidity, despite advances in antimicrobial therapy. The causative organism varies with age, immune function, immunization status, and geographic region, and empiric therapy for meningitis is based on these factors. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis cause the majority of cases of ABM. Disease epidemiology is changing rapidly due to immunization practices and changing bacterial resistance patterns. Hib was the leading cause of meningitis in children prior to the introduction of an effective vaccination. In those countries where Hib vaccine is a part of the routine infant immunization schedule, Hib has now be...

DTaP(5)-IPV-Hib Vaccine (Pediacel®).

Paediatric Drugs — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 11:01:28 +0100

Authors: Frampton JE Abstract Pediacel® is a fully liquid formulation of a diphtheria, tetanus, five-component acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenzae type b combination vaccine, which does not require reconstitution. Both vial and prefilled syringe presentations of Pediacel® are available for use in the EU. In active-controlled clinical trials, primary and/or booster vaccination with Pediacel® was highly immunogenic, eliciting strong and sustained serologic responses against all its component toxoids/antigens when administered according to a variety of different schedules. In particular, pivotal studies showed that Pediacel® was generally similar and/or noninferior to reconstituted pentavalent and hexavalent diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular per...

Immune response to Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in preterm infants

Pediatrics International — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a possibility that perinatal factors and the environment unique to preterm infants are related to their lower antibody positivity rates compared to full‐term infants. It may therefore be preferable to modify the proposed immunization schedule. (Source: Pediatrics International)

DTaP5-IPV-Hib Vaccine (Pediacel)

Pediatric Drugs — Sun, 23 Oct 2011 07:03:46 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Drugs)

Evolving epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus infections in the post‐vaccination era: results from a long‐term population‐based study

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractHistorically, Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b (Hib) caused most invasive Haemophilus infections world‐wide, mainly in children. In 1989 routine childhood vaccination against Hib was initiated in Iceland. We conducted a population‐based study of all patients in the country with Haemophilus spp. isolated from sterile sites (n=202), from 1983‐2008. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics of the infections and serotypes of the isolates were compared during the pre‐vaccination (1983‐1989) and post‐vaccination era (1990‐2008). Following the vaccination, the overall incidence of Hib decreased from 6.4 to 0.3/100 000 per year (p<0.05) whereas the incidence did not change significantly for infections caused by Haemophilus sensu lato not serotype b, hereafter referred ...

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Haemophilus influenzae type b Carriage Among Young Children in Metropolitan Atlanta in the Context of Vaccine Shortage and Booster Dose Deferral.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Thomas JD, Jackson ML, Sharma D, Mair R, Bach MC, Castillo D, Ejigiri OG, Satola S, Cohn AC, Jerris R, Jain S, Farley MM, Mayer LW, Messonnier NE Abstract Short-term deferral of the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine booster dose during a recent U.S. Hib vaccine shortage did not result in widespread Hib carriage in Atlanta, as the Hib carriage rate was found to be 0.3% (1/342). Hi colonization was significantly more common among males and daycare attendees. PMID: 22012977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

National and state vaccination coverage among children aged 19--35 months --- United States, 2010.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This report describes the 2010 NIS coverage estimates for children born during January 2007--July 2009. Nationally, vaccination coverage increased in 2010 compared with 2009 for ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), from 90.0% to 91.5%; ≥4 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), from 80.4% to 83.3%; the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), from 60.8% to 64.1%; ≥2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), from 46.6% to 49.7%; rotavirus vaccine, from 43.9% to 59.2%; and the full series of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, from 54.8% to 66.8%. Coverage for poliovirus vaccine (93.3%), MMR (91.5%), ≥3 doses HepB (91.8%), and varicella vaccine (90.4%) continued to be at or above the national health objective targets of 90% for these vaccines.* The percen...

Immunogenicity and safety of a Haemophilus influenzae B (Hib)-hepatitis B vaccine with a modified process hepatitis B component administered with concomitant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to infants.

Vaccine — Sat, 27 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The mpHBV in combination with Hib and with co-administered PCV was highly immunogenic. The safety profile of mpHBV-Hib was comparable to the licensed control. Both the control and mpHBV-Hib met acceptability criteria for seroprotection rates to hepatitis B, with higher anti-HBs GMTs noted for mpHBV-Hib. PMID: 21875633 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Immunogenicity and Safety of H influenzae Type b-N meningitidis C/Y Conjugate Vaccine in Infants

PEDIATRICS — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Infants and toddlers have the highest rate of meningococcal disease, but no vaccine is available in the United States for the protection of this age group. Novel combined HibMenCY conjugate vaccine could provide an incremental public health benefit to monovalent Hib vaccines by protecting US infants against meningococcal serogroups C and Y and by providing an additional source of Hib conjugate vaccine. (Read the full article) (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Hib Vaccine TAK-816 Enters into the Phase III Clinical Trial in Japan

Drugs.com - Pharma News — Wed, 15 Jun 2011 15:36:16 +0100

Osaka, Japan, June 15, 2011 – Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (“Takeda”) announced today that it will initiate the phase III clinical trial in Japan of the vaccine for preventing infections caused by Haemophilus Influenzae... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)

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Experts predict meningitis B vaccine

NHS News Feed — Fri, 10 Jun 2011 18:00:00 +0100

News stories have extensively covered the possibility of a vaccine that could offer “new hope in the war on meningitis”. The Daily Mail said that the “first vaccine against deadly meningitis B will be available within months”, and The Independent said that the vaccine will offer “80% protection against the main causes of meningitis”. The news stories come in response to a series of articles on vaccines published in the medical journal The Lancet. The articles discussed the likely developments in vaccine biology and discovery expected over the coming years. The series follows a pledge from the charitable Gates Foundation in 2010 that called for a new “decade of vaccines” to help protect the vulnerable against disease and suffering. The foundation estimates that if vaccine co...

Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of DTPa-IPV/Hib Vaccine Co-administered With Hepatitis B Vaccine for Primary and Booster Vaccination of Taiwanese Infants.

J Formos Med Assoc — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shao PL, Lu CY, Hsieh YC, Bock HL, Huang LM, Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (DTPa-IPV/Hib, Infanrix™-IPV + Hib) was assessed when co-administered with hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine. Seventy healthy infants received DTPa-IPV/Hib at 1.5, 3.5, 6 and 15-18 months, and HBV at birth, 1.5, 6 and 15-18 months of age. Serological responses were assessed. Diphtheria, tetanus, Hib and pertussis seroprotection/seropositivity rates were 100% after primary vaccination. Post-primary immune responses to poliovirus could not be evaluated for technical reasons. However, after the booster dose, seroprotection/seropositivity rates, including poliovirus, were 100%. ...

Death rate still high, but bacterial meningitis waning: study

Modern Medicine — Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Driven in part by the Hib vaccine for infants and the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, the rate of bacterial meningitis steadily declined from 1998 to 2007, according to data released in the May 26 New England Journal of Medicine. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Hepatitis B-Inactivated Poliovirus and Haemophilus influenzae Type B Vaccines Administered Concomitantly to Infants as a Three-dose Primary Course.

J Formos Med Assoc — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shao PL, Lu CY, Hsieh YC, Bock HL, Huang LM, Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of primary vaccination with combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated poliovirus (DTPa-HBV-IPV) vaccine when co-administered with Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) conjugate vaccine were assessed in 60 healthy infants. Infants received HBV vaccine at birth, then DTPa-HBV-IPV and Hib vaccines at age 1.5 months, 3.5 months and 6 months. Blood samples were collected before the first DTPa-HBV-IPV and Hib vaccine doses and 1 month after dose 3. Reactogenicity was assessed using diary cards. One month after primary vaccination, all infants were seroprotected/seropositive against all vaccine antigens evaluated. The poliovirus antigen could not be evaluated. The vaccines were well ...

County-level trends in vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months - United States, 1995-2008.

MMWR Surveill Summ — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Smith PJ, Singleton JA, Problem/Condition: Estimated trends in county-level vaccination coverage compared with national health objectives and associated with other variables (e.g., access to care, economic conditions, and demographic characteristics) have not been reported previously. Reporting Period: 1995-2008. Description of System: The National Immunization Survey (NIS) is an ongoing, random-digit-dialed telephone survey that gathers vaccination coverage data from households with children aged 19-35 months in 50 states and selected urban areas and territories. Results: During 1995-2008, 185,336 children aged 19-35 months sampled by NIS had adequate provider data and lived in one of the 257 counties where the combined sample size for at least one of the seven biennial peri...

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Rapid Assessment of Hib Disease Burden in Vietnam

BMC Public Health - Latest articles — Sun, 24 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Background: Several countries have applied the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) rapid assessment tool (RAT) to estimate the burden of Hib disease where resources for hospital- or population-based surveillance are limited. In Vietnam, we used the Hib RAT to estimate the burden of Hib pneumonia and meningitis prior to Hib vaccine introduction. Methods: Laboratory, hospitalization and mortality data were collected for the period January 2004 through December 2005 from five representative hospitals. Based on the WHO Hib RAT protocol, standardized MS Excel spreadsheets were completed to generate meningitis and pneumonia case and death figures. Results: We found 35 to 77 Hib meningitis deaths and 441 to 957 Hib pneumonia deaths among children (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)

Co-administration of RotaTeq(R) (pentavalent rotavirus vaccine) and NeisVac-C(R) (meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine; MenCC): results from a randomized clinical trial.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Vesikari T, Karvonen A, Borrow R, Kitchin N, Baudin M, Thomas S, Fiquet A RotaTeq® (Merck & Co. Inc./Sanofi Pasteur MSD) is a three-dose, oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine for the immunization of infants from 6 weeks of age for the prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis. The primary objective of this trial was to demonstrate that RotaTeq can be co-administered with meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MenCC) (NeisVac-C®, Baxter Healthcare) in healthy infants without impairing the protective immune responses to MenCC. This was an open-label, randomized, comparative study conducted in Finland. The study was designed to assess concomitant versus sequential administration of RotaTeq and MenCC on the immune response to both vaccines. Healthy infants (N=247), aged 6-...

Up-to-Date Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination Coverage During a Vaccine Shortage

PEDIATRICS — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A significant decrease in Hib vaccination coverage for the primary series was observed and was consistent across several US localities. Close collaboration between the public health community and vaccine providers is essential during vaccine shortages to ensure that interim vaccination recommendations are clear, widely disseminated, and closely followed, and that access to available vaccine supplies is maintained. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Detection of bacterial pathogens in Mongolia meningitis surveillance with a new real-time PCR assay to detect Haemophilus influenzae.

International Journal of Medical Microbiology — Wed, 26 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wang X, Mair R, Hatcher C, Theodore MJ, Edmond K, Wu HM, Harcourt BH, Carvalho MD, Pimenta F, Nymadawa P, Altantsetseg D, Kirsch M, Satola SW, Cohn A, Messonnier NE, Mayer LW Since the implementation of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b vaccine, other serotypes and non-typeable strains have taken on greater importance as a cause of Hi diseases. A rapid and accurate method is needed to detect all Hi regardless of the encapsulation status. We developed 2 real-time PCR (rt-PCR) assays to detect specific regions of the protein D gene (hpd). Both hpd assays are very specific and sensitive for detection of Hi. Of the 63 non-Hi isolates representing 21 bacterial species, none was detected by the hpd #1 assay, and only one of 2 H. aphrophilus isolates was detected by the hpd #3 a...

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Cochrane Review: Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

The objective of this review was to compare the effectiveness of the combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine with the separate DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines. No data on clinical outcomes for the primary outcome was found. All included studies reported only on immunogenicity, defined as antibody concentration responses to tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis B and H. influenzae type B and reactogenicity, defined as systematic and local adverse events to vaccination.Eighteen published randomized or quasi‐randomized clinical trials, comparing vaccination with any combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine with or without three types of inactivated poliovirus (IPV) or concomitant oral polio vaccine (OPV) given in any dose, preparation or time schedule, compared with separate vaccines or placebo, administer...

Summary of ‘Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)’

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Bar‐On ES, Goldberg E, Fraser A, Vidal L, Hellmann S, Leibovici L. Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005530. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005530.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal)

Commentary on ‘Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)’

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThis is a commentary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Bar‐On ES, Goldberg E, Fraser A, Vidal L, Hellmann S, Leibovici L. Combined DTP‐HBV‐HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP‐HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005530. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD005530.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal)

Financial Barriers to the Adoption of Combination Vaccines by Pediatricians [Article]

Archives of Pediatrics — Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions One in 5 pediatricians reported that inadequate reimbursement prevented their using 1 or more combination vaccines. Practice size as well as the proportion of children whose vaccinations are paid for by public funds appear to be important determinants of the adoption of combination vaccines. (Source: Archives of Pediatrics)

Hospital Surveillance of Childhood Bacterial Meningitis in Senegal and the Introduction of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccine.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ba O, Fleming JA, Dieye Y, Wa Mutombo BM, Ba M, Cisse MF, Diallo AG, Sow I, Slack MP, Faye PC, Ba M, Diallo N, Weiss NS Abstract. Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children living in low-resource settings. Pediatric bacterial meningitis cases < 5 years of age were identified through a regional hospital surveillance system for 3 years after introduction of routine immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine in Senegal in July 2005. Cases from the national pediatric hospital were also tracked from 2002 to 2008. The regional surveillance system recorded 1,711 suspected pediatric bacterial meningitis cases. Of 214 laboratory-confirmed cases, 108 (50%) were caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, 42 (20%) to Hib, and...

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Response to conjugate pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in asplenic patients.

Vaccine — Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Meerveld-Eggink A, de Weerdt O, van Velzen-Blad H, Biesma DH, Rijkers GT We determined the immunogenicity of conjugated Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal vaccines by quantitative analysis of the antibody response in asplenic patients. To that end, we vaccinated 92 patients with a conjugated Hib vaccine and 54 received two doses of conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7), followed at six months by a plain polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23). Antibody concentrations were measured before and three weeks after vaccination. After one dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 46% of the patients reached the antibody threshold of ≥1.0μg/mL for all 7 tested vaccine serotypes. This percentage rose to 54% after the second dose of PCV7 and did not increase further af...

Global routine vaccination coverage, 2009.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This report summarizes global routine vaccination coverage during 2000--2009 and progress toward achieving GIVS goals. PMID: 21030941 [PubMed - in process] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...)

Changes in Measurement of Haemophilus influenzae Serotype b (Hib) Vaccination Coverage -- National Immunization Survey, United States, 2009

Medscape Nurses Headlines — Mon, 18 Oct 2010 11:08:01 +0100

How should the Haemophilus influenzae vaccine be dosed and administered to young children? Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report (Source: Medscape Nurses Headlines)

The immunogenicity and safety of a reduced PRP-content DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine when administered according to the accelerated EPI schedule

BMC Infectious Diseases — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The DTPw-HBV/Hib2.5 [Kft] vaccine was immunogenic and well-tolerated when administered according to the EPI schedule to Indian infants.Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00473668 (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Primary and booster vaccination in Latin American children with a DTPw-HBV/Hib combination: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Infectious Diseases — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Results confirm the suitability of this new DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine comprising antigens from a new source and a reduced PRP content for inclusion into routine childhood vaccination programs.Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT00332566 (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

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Assessing the immunization status of pediatric cochlear implant recipients using a state-maintained immunization registry

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery — Sat, 25 Sep 2010 08:28:40 +0100

Conclusion: A statewide immunization registry can be used to monitor the immunization status of cochlear implant recipients. Subjects were significantly more likely to be incomplete for PPV-23 than for either PCV-7 or HiB vaccinations. (Source: Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery)

The response of preterm infants to a conjugate pneumococcal vaccine when immunised at 2, 3 and 4 months of age.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Tue, 21 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We examined the response of preterm infants immunised at 2, 3 and 4 months of age to PCV7. 133 preterm and 54 term infants were immunised with PCV7, Neisseria meningitidis group C (MCC) and diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Hib vaccines. Pneumococcal serotype specific IgG was measured by ELISA pre- and post-immunisation and at 12 months or following a booster of PCV7. Term and preterm responses were compared using linear and logistic regression. Term infants had higher pre-immunisation geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for all serotypes. Preterm infants had a lower post-immunisation GMC for serotype 23F. Gestational age affected post-immunisation GMCs for serotypes 4, 6B and 23F. Preterm infants were as likely to have levels â¥0.35Î¼g/ml as term infants for all serotypes e...

Giving Oral Rotavirus Vaccine At Same Time As An Injectable Vaccine Couldsave Time And Money Compared To Giving Them On Separate Occasions

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 14 Sep 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Busy practice nurses believe that, if rotavirus vaccination was recommended for inclusion in the childhood immunisation programme, they could save time by administering the pentavalent oral rotavirus vaccine RotaTeq®* at the same time as an injectable vaccine that is already given routinely. According to a survey presented at the Health Protection 2010 conference in Warwick1, practice nurses anticipate that administration of the oral rotavirus vaccine would take the same length of time as the injectable DTaP/IPV/Hib vaccine (10 minutes)... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Do we need a booster of Hib vaccine after primary vaccination? A study on anti‐Hib seroprevalence in Sweden 5 and 15 years after the introduction of universal Hib vaccination related to notifications of invasive disease

APMIS — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: APMIS)

Association between Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Mal/TIRAP and Interleukin‐10 Genes and Susceptibility to Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype b Infection in Immunized Children

Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Mon, 30 Aug 2010 14:49:32 +0100

Conclusions. Our findings strongly suggest that the development of invasive Hib disease after prior immunization is in part genetically determined and may direct the immune response to specific clinical manifestations. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

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Changes in Measurement of Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) Vaccination Coverage --- National Immunization Survey, United States, 2009

CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report — Fri, 27 Aug 2010 05:06:09 +0100

(Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report)

Changes in measurement of Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccination coverage --- National Immunization Survey, United States, 2009.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Thu, 26 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: The National Immunization Survey (NIS) has introduced a new method for measuring Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccination coverage. Since its inception in 1994, NIS has considered a child aged 19-35 months to be fully vaccinated with Hib vaccine if the child had received 3 or more doses of any Hib-containing vaccine (3+Hib), regardless of vaccine product type received. However, for some Hib vaccine product types, 4 doses are needed to be fully vaccinated. Because NIS data have not distinguished between Hib vaccine product types, a child who received 3 doses of a vaccine product that requires 4 doses was misclassified as fully vaccinated. Since January 2009, NIS has requested that vaccination providers report data on Hib vaccine product types. Using this new inform...

Serological Protection among Mexican Children induced by Haemophilus influenzae type b Conjugate Vaccine: Is a Booster Dose of Hib vaccine needed?

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rodriguez RS, Mascarenas C, Conde-Glez CJ, Inostroza J, Villanueva S, VelÃ¡zquez ME, SÃ¡nchez MA, EchÃ¡niz G We determined the seroprevalence of protective antibodies against Hib in Mexican children under the age of five using a standardized ELISA. Hib antibodies (>/=0.15 mug/ml) were present in 95.34 % (+/-1.14) of samples. Children among 30-47 months had lower Hib antibodies (91.45%+/- 2.60) than children from 12-29 and 48-59 months (97.3%+/-1.34 and 97.44%+/-1.80, respectively). PMID: 20719986 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

Hib vaccine: Haemophilus infections in infants: 2 case reports

Reactions — Fri, 13 Aug 2010 05:47:51 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

PEDIACEL injection (Poliomyelitis vaccine, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (acellular) and Hib vaccine) - Revised SPC

NeLM - SPC Changes — Wed, 04 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes ??Revised SPC changes include the following sections: Section 4.1 Addition of sentence - "in accordance with applicable official recommendations". Section 4.5 Minor revision to text. Section 4.8 Reformatting and addition of side effects following PSUR assessment. There was a trend for an increased frequency of injection site reactions when a fourth dose of PEDIACEL was given to 401 children in the second year of life. Pain was reported in 33%, erythema in 23% and oedema in 16% compared to rates of 18%, 11% and 11%, respectively, during the primary series. The frequency of systemic reactions was similar whether PEDIACEL was adminis...

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Global use of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine.

Vaccine — Mon, 02 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We report progress in global use of Hib vaccines included in national immunization schedules. The number of countries using Hib vaccine increased from 89/193 (46%) in 2004 to 158/193 (82%) by the end of 2009. The increase was greatest among low-income countries eligible for financial support from the GAVI Alliance [13/75 (17%) in 2004, 60/72 (83%) by the end of 2009], and can be attributed to various factors. Additional efforts are still needed to increase vaccine adoption in lower middle income countries [20/31 (65%) by the end of 2009]. PMID: 20691265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Supporting new vaccine introduction decisions: Lessons learned from the Hib Initiative experience.

Vaccine — Thu, 22 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hajjeh RA, Privor-Dumm L, Edmond K, O'Loughlin R, Shetty S, Griffiths UK, Bear AP, Cohen AL, Chandran A, Schuchat A, Mulholland EK, Santosham M The introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in developing countries has suffered from a long delay. Between 2005 and 2009, a surge in Hib vaccine adoption took place, particularly among GAVI-eligible countries. Several factors contributed to the increase in Hib vaccine adoption, including support provided by the Hib Initiative, a project funded by the GAVI Alliance in 2005 to accelerate evidence-informed decisions for use of Hib vaccine. This paper reviews the strategy adopted by the Hib Initiative and the lessons learned in the process, which provide a useful model to accelerate uptake of other new vaccines. PM...

Methodology and measurement of the effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine: Systematic review.

Vaccine — Tue, 20 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: O'Loughlin RE, Edmond K, Mangtani P, Cohen AL, Shetty S, Hajjeh R, Mulholland K The use of the highly effective Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine has increased globally. We review the benefits and limitations of studies measuring Hib vaccine effectiveness (VE). We critically examine the case-control approach by assessing the similarities and differences in methodology and findings and discuss the need for future Hib VE studies. In the absence of good surveillance data, vaccine effectiveness studies can play an important role, particularly with the increasing use of pneumococcal vaccine that has not been well tested under field conditions in less developed countries. However, the effectiveness of Hib vaccine has been well documented so the need for future VE...

Campaign against introduction of Hib vaccine in India

PharmacoEconomics and Outcomes News — Thu, 15 Jul 2010 08:11:16 +0100

(Source: PharmacoEconomics and Outcomes News)

Antivaccine lobby resists introduction of Hib vaccine in India

BMJ Online First — Tue, 29 Jun 2010 15:28:37 +0100

(Source: BMJ Online First)

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Urinary tract infection caused by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in the elderly.

Journal of Medical Microbiology — Wed, 23 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This study report a rare case of urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by NTHi in an 87 years-old man and the possible underestimation of the true incidence of Hi in UTI, and the need to look for predisposing factors in adults patients with disease caused by NTHi, are discussed. PMID: 20576753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)

One-third of FPs Failed to Follow ACIP Recommendations During Hib Vaccine Shortage

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 22:35:00 +0100

One-third of family physicians did not defer booster doses during a national shortage of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine, despite an interim recommendation to that effect made by the CDC in consultation with its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, or ACIP; the AAFP; and the American Academy of Pediatrics, or AAP. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine and its carrier proteins.

Archives of Pharmacal Research — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hwang KW PMID: 20607482 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pharmacal Research)

Childhood Hib vaccination and pneumonia and influenza burden in US seniors.

Vaccine — Thu, 06 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cohen SA, Ahmed S, Klassen AC, Agree EM, Louis TA, Naumova EN This analysis examines the potential for the elderly to receive indirect protection from pneumonia and influenza (P&I) from vaccination of children. Using data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the National Immunization Survey, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, mixed-effects models were used to assess associations between vaccination coverage and P&I on the state level overall and by urbanicity and income. As vaccination coverage in children increased, the state-level P&I rates in seniors decreased (beta=-0.040, -0.074 to 0.006), where beta represents the expected change in the logged age-associated rate of disease increase for a one-percentage point increase in vacci...

Multi-center surveillance for pneumonia & meningitis among children (

The Indian Journal of Medical Research — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of severe clinical pneumonia is comparable with other studies from India but that of suspected meningitis is higher. Although rates of Hib meningitis cannot be calculated from a hospital-based study, there is evidence of Hib meningitis in these study settings. Hib carriage prevalence indicates that Hib is present and circulating in these study areas. There is a significant burden of pneumonia and meningitis among children in India. Continued strengthening of laboratory capacity and bacterial surveillance systems are necessary. PMID: 20516536 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research)

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Knowledge of Interim Recommendations and Use of Hib Vaccine During Vaccine Shortages

PEDIATRICS — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 15:17:20 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Most primary care physicians experienced Hib vaccine shortages, and many have had to defer doses for 2- to 6-month-old children. Most are knowledgeable regarding interim recommendations, but one-fifth to one-third reported nonadherence. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Safety and immunogenicity of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given as a 3-dose series with routine vaccines in healthy infants and toddlers.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Tue, 27 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, PCV13 appeared comparable to PCV7 in safety profile and immunogenicity for common serotypes, demonstrated functional OPA responses for all 13 serotypes, and did not interfere with immune responses to concomitantly administered DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib. PMID: 20427630 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

Most Pediatricians Experienced Hib Vaccine Shortages

Medscape Today Headlines — Tue, 20 Apr 2010 16:42:41 +0100

Despite knowledge of interim recommendations to defer vaccine in healthy toddlers during the shortage, many physicians did not do so. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Many Physicians Ignore Interim Guidelines for Hib Vaccine

Modern Medicine — Sun, 18 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Most primary care physicians who administer Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine are aware of interim recommendations for vaccine shortages -- including deferral of the vaccine booster for healthy 12- to 15-month-olds -- but many do not adhere to the recommendations, according to research published online April 19 in Pediatrics. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Hepatitis B Response of Premature Infants after Primary and Booster Immunisation with a Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Hepatitis B-Inactivated Poliovirus/Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Vaccine

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology — Mon, 12 Apr 2010 14:07:42 +0100

A range of schedules are recommended for hepatitis B vaccination of premature infants. This open-label study (217744/083) compared the immune response of premature (N=94) and full-term infants (N=92) to hepatitis B antigen following primary administration of hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine at 2–4–6 months and a booster dose at 18 months. Anti-HBsAg antibodies were determined before and one month after primary and booster doses. There were no significant differences in postprimary seroprotection rates (anti-HBsAg >10 mIU/mL; preterm 93.4%; full-term 95.2%) or geometric mean concentrations (634 versus 867 mIU/ml), and neither appeared to be related to gestational length or birth weight. Prebooster seroprotection rates were 75 and 80.6%, respectiv...

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Characterisation of invasive Haemophilus influenzae isolates in Slovenia, 1993–2008

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases — Sun, 21 Mar 2010 05:48:30 +0100

The objectives of our study were to describe the epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease from 1993 to 2008 in Slovenia, a country with routine H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) conjugate vaccination since the year 2000. A total of 292 isolates of H. influenzae, recovered from a normally sterile site, were collected in the study period. The isolates were serotyped by slide agglutination and antibiotic susceptibility was determined. One hundred and eight isolates received after the year 2000 were serotyped by slide agglutination and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) capsule typing, and both methods were compared. After the introduction of the routine Hib vaccination, the incidence of H. influenzae disease in children under the age of 5 years has decreased by 87.6% and t...

“Paranoia Strikes Deep”*: MMR Vaccine and Autism

Psychiatric Times — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 12:00:00 +0100

On February 12, 2009, the US Court of Federal Claims issued a trio of long-awaited decisions in its Omnibus Autism Proceeding. The 3 were representative cases chosen from more than 5500 pending MMR/autism cases by the Plaintiffs’ Steering Committee. Each presented the theory that the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine in combination with thimerosal, a mercury-based ingredient contained in some diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), diphtheria-tetanus–acellular pertussis (DTaP), hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccines, causes autism. In nearly 700 combined pages that reviewed the scientific and epidemiological evidence, all 3 opinions determined that the plaintiffs had not demonstrated a link between these vaccines and autism. (Source: Psychiatric Times)

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease, Europe, 1996-2006.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ladhani S, Slack MP, Heath PT, von Gottberg A, Chandra M, Ramsay ME, An international collaboration was established in 1996 to monitor the impact of routine Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination on invasive H. influenzae disease; 14 countries routinely serotype all clinical isolates. Of the 10,081 invasive H. influenzae infections reported during 1996-2006, 4,466 (44%, incidence 0.28 infections/100,000 population) were due to noncapsulated H. influenzae (ncHi); 2,836 (28%, 0.15/100,000), to Hib; and 690 (7%, 0.036/100,000), to non-b encapsulated H. influenzae. Invasive ncHi infections occurred in older persons more often than Hib (median age 58 years vs. 5 years, p<0.0001) and were associated with higher case-fatality ratios (12% vs. 4%, p<0.0001), particularl...

Surveillance for adverse events after DTwP/Hib vaccination in Brazil: Sensitivity and factors associated with reporting.

Vaccine — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Monteiro SA, Takano OA, Waldman EA We estimated the sensitivity, i.e., the proportion of all cases of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) reported to the Brazilian passive surveillance for adverse events following immunization (PSAEFI) with the diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis-Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTwP/Hib) vaccine, as well as investigating factors associated with AEFIs reporting. During 2003-2004, 8303 AEFIs associated with DTwP-Hib were reported; hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes (HHEs), fever and convulsions being the most common. Cure without sequel was achieved in 98.4% of the cases. The mean sensitivity of the PSAEFI was 22.3% and 31.6%, respectively, for HHE and convulsions, varying widely among states. Reporting rates correlated positively wi...

Hib vaccine shortage over; recall patients for booster shot [NEWS AND FEATURES]

AAP News — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 18:01:27 +0100

(Source: AAP News)

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Presence of multiple copies of capsulation loci in invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) strains in Japan before introduction of the Hib conjugate vaccine

Microbiology and Immunology — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We examined 24 Hib strains from Japanese children with invasive diseases due to Hib. Although all strains showed the same capb sequence, Southern blot analysis showed that four strains (16.7%) harbored multiple copies (more than two) of the capb locus. Careful analysis of the locus in circulating Hib strains is necessary now that the Hib vaccine has been introduced into Japan. (Source: Microbiology and Immunology)

Challenge with hepatitis B vaccine in children previously vaccinated with a hepatitis B-containing combination vaccine.

Advances in Therapy — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Vaccination with a HBV-containing multivalent vaccine during infancy induces a lasting immune memory that can be boosted, even in children with a decline in anti-HBs concentrations. The present results confirm that the full primary vaccination schedule in infancy seems to confer long-term protection via immune memory and that an additional HBV dose is not generally required. PMID: 20182924 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Advances in Therapy)

DTP-poliovirus vaccine/Hib-DTP-poliovirus vaccine/Hib vaccine: Platelet disorder in an infant: case report

Reactions — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 14:16:47 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Merck Resumes Distribution of Monovalent Hib Vaccine

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 21:10:00 +0100

Merck & Co. Inc. has announced that PedvaxHIB, the manufacturer's monovalent Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, conjugate vaccine is back on the market after an absence of more than two years. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

Hib vaccine/meningococcal vaccine: Dermatolipomyonecrosis: case report

Reactions — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 14:09:29 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Licensure of a Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccine (Hiberix) and Updated Recommendations for Use of Hib Vaccine

Medscape Today Headlines — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 12:04:49 +0100

The recent shortage of Hib vaccines has left many children in need of catch-up vaccination. With vaccine supplies increasing, now is the time to recall those children in need, according to the CDC. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Safety assessment of recalled Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines - United States, 2007-2008

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

On 13 December 2007, Merck & Co., Inc. voluntarily recalled 1.2 million doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines that had been distributed since April 2007 for concerns regarding potential Bacillus cereus contamination. Enhanced postrecall surveillance was conducted to detect vaccine-associated B. cereus infections.We reviewed reports involving recalled Hib vaccines received by the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) during 1 April 2007-29 February 2008. For each reported death, autopsy review sought evidence of B. cereus infections. For each specified outcome, the proportional reporting ratios (PRRs) were calculated to compare the recalled Hib vaccines with the manufacturer's nonrecalled Hib vaccines in the VAERS databases. On 20 December 2007, we used the Epidemic...

Lasting immune memory against hepatitis B in children after primary immunization with 4 doses of DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib in the first and 2nd year of life

BMC Infectious Diseases — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Few studies have assessed long term persisting immunity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children vaccinated during infancy with combined vaccines containing recombinant HBV surface antigen (HBs). We assessed antibody persistence and immune memory in children 4-5 years of age, previously vaccinated with four doses of combined hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix hexaTM). Methods: Immune memory was assessed in 301 children through administration of a challenge dose of monovalent HBV vaccine. Results: At 4-5 years of age, 85.3% of subjects had persisting anti-HBs antibody concentrations [greater than or equal to]10 mIU/mL, rising to 98.6% after the HBV challenge dose. All but 12 subjects (95.8%) achieved post-challenge anti-HBs concentrations [greater than or equal to]...

Long-term complications and risk of other serious infections following invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype b disease in vaccinated children.

Vaccine — Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study describes the long-term complications in children with Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine failure and to determine their risk of other serious infections. The families of children with invasive Hib disease after appropriate vaccination (i.e. vaccine failure) were contacted to complete a questionnaire relating to their health. Overall, 323 families were contacted and 260 (80.5%) completed the questionnaire. Of the 124 children with meningitis, 18.5% reported serious long-term sequelae and a further 12% of parents attributed other problems to Hib meningitis. Forty-nine children (18.9%) had at least one other episode of serious infection requiring hospital admission and 7.7% had at least two serious infections. In a Poisson regression model, the risk of another serious...

[In Process Citation]

Canadian Journal of Public Health — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Even if the evaluated lateness has only a small public health impact, parents must be reassured about the safety of multiple vaccines. PMID: 20364532 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Journal of Public Health)

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The immunogenicity of a heptavalent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine concurrently administered with a combination DTaP/IPV/Hib vaccine and a meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine at 2, 3 and 4 months of age.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 30 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion when vaccinated according to this schedule infants had lower post-primary immunisation responses to Hib, MCC and pneumococcal serotype 6B than demonstrated with other schedules. Despite this there was a good response following a 4(th) dose of PCV7. PMID: 20042517 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

Characterization of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae collected from respiratory infections and invasive disease cases in Manitoba, Canada

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology — Wed, 23 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

With the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine, invasive Hib disease has decreased substantially, but nontypeable H. influenzae (NT Hi) disease appears to be increasing. In order to understand the origin of NT Hi strains and their relationship with serotypeable strains, we analysed 125 NT Hi isolates collected from individual patients with either invasive disease (70 isolates) or respiratory tract infections (55 isolates). Serotype-specific and capsular transport genes were absent by PCR analysis, confirming their nonencapsulated status, which also suggested the NT Hi isolates were not encapsulated strains that shed their capsules. Multilocus sequence typing confirmed the NT Hi isolates did not have the same genetic background as serotypeable strains, includin...

Children With Persistent AOM Have Poor Immune Responses to Pneumococcal and HiB Vaccines

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 19:07:51 +0100

Children with recurrent ear infections have a poor immunogenic response to pneumococcal-7 and Hemophilus influenza B vaccines; only 13% appear to be fully immunized against Streptococcal pneumonia. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Vaccines: Hyperhaemolysis (first reports with meningococcal vaccine groups A C Y W-135 polysaccharide and Hib vaccine conjugate) in an EBV-infected patient: case report

Reactions — Mon, 16 Nov 2009 14:06:44 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Pattern of functional antibody activity against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in infants immunized with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis/Hib Brazilian combination vaccine.

Braz J Med Biol Res — Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Matos DC, Silva AM, Neves PC, Martins RM, Homma A, Marcovistz R We evaluated the functional activity of Haemophilus influenzae B (Hib) antibodies elicited in a group of infants immunized with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine combined with an Hib vaccine produced totally in Brazil after technological transfer of Hib vaccine production from Glaxo SmithKline, Belgium. Blood samples from immunized infants (N = 985) were collected for the determination of Hib antibodies. Total Ig and IgM and IgG subclasses of antibodies against polyribosyl ribitol phosphate (PRP) were analyzed by ELISA. Almost all vaccinees (97.56%, 961/985) developed a strong anti-PRP IgG antibody response (>/=1.0 mug/mL), while an anti-PRP IgM response was observed in 64.24% (634/985) of them (>/=0....

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Haemophilus influenzae serotype b conjugate vaccine failure in twelve countries with established national childhood immunization programmes

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Clin Microbiol Infect The present study describes the clinical and immunological features of children with Hib vaccine failure, who were identified through national surveillance between 1996 and 2001 in Europe, Israel and Australia. True vaccine failure was defined as invasive Hib disease occurring [ge]2 weeks after one dose, given after the first birthday, or [ge]1 week after [ge]2 doses, given at (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

NTAGI Subcommittee Recommendations on Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccine Introduction in India.

Indian Pediatrics — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: , Kant L Background: WHO estimates that Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) caused over 8 million cases of serious disease and 376,000 deaths globally in the year 2000. The introduction of Hib vaccines has essentially eliminated Hib disease in countries where they are routinely used. Now, almost all Hib disease cases and deaths occur in countries where Hib vaccines is not incorporated in the routine immunization program. Process: The Hib and Pneumococcal subcommittee of National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization (NTAGI) in India met in April 2008. This paper focuses on the discussions regarding Hib vaccine introduction; the pneumococcal vaccine discussion is being published separately. The subcommittee reviewed the available published and unpublished literature as well...

Hib vaccine conjugate: Lack of efficacy in a child, leading to Hib epiglottitis: case report

Reactions — Mon, 26 Oct 2009 14:08:49 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Effect of probiotic supplementation on immunoglobulins, isoagglutinins and antibody response in children of low socio-economic status

European Journal of Nutrition — Fri, 16 Oct 2009 17:54:13 +0100

Conclusions Supplementation of standard fermented milk with additional probiotics was not of benefit. The high natural rate of early microbial exposure in infants and children from a population of low socio-economic status living in a “less hygienic environment” may account for the absence of an additional immune-stimulating effect by supplementary probiotics. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ContributionDOI 10.1007/s00394-009-0063-5Authors Néstor Pérez, Hospital de Niños de La Plata, Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA) Unidad de Inmunología S.M. Ludovica, 14 y 65 La Plata 1900 ArgentinaJuan C. Iannicelli, Hospital de Niños de La Plata, Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Bue...

South Asia News in brief: 2–14 October 2009

SciDev.Net — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 03:26:46 +0100

Scientists produce biofuel from water hyacinths, global climate models adjusted for local use, Bhutan to introduce Hib vaccine, and more. (Source: SciDev.Net)

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CDC, AAFP Recommending Recall of Children in Need of Hib Booster Dose

AAFP Health of the Public — Mon, 28 Sep 2009 21:55:00 +0100

As the nation's supply of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine increases thanks to the FDA's August approval of GlaxoSmithKline's Hiberix as a booster dose for children ages 15 months to 4 years, the AAFP has adopted the CDC's recommendation that physicians recall children who have not received a booster dose. (Source: AAFP Health of the Public)

Licensure of a Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine (Hiberix) and updated recommendations for use of Hib vaccine.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This report summarizes the indications for Hiberix use and provides guidance on Hib booster dose administration based on increasing vaccine supplies. Vaccination recommendations in this report update the previous advisory on Hib booster administration (June 26, 2009), which advised that children with deferred booster doses receive it at the next regularly scheduled visit. Vaccination providers are now recommended to begin recall of children in need of the booster dose when feasible and monovalent Hib vaccine supply in the office is adequate. PMID: 19763078 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl...)

Licensure of a Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccine (Hiberix) and Updated Recommendations for Use of Hib Vaccine

CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 16:06:02 +0100

(Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report)

Phenotypic and genetic characterizations of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae isolates in a hospital in Thailand

Journal of Infection — Wed, 02 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Since the introduction of the Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine, the decline in invasive Hib disease and the relative increase in nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) infections has been well documented in many parts of the world. In South East Asia, however, Hib disease burden is controversial and has been a matter of debate. The decision on the use of Hib vaccine thus awaits for more data on the true incidence of Hib disease. In Thailand where Hib vaccine has not been nationally introduced, H. influenzae remains one of the most important respiratory pathogens. While studies regarding the infections caused by H. influenzae in Thailand have been exclusively to Hib, the situation of NTHi infections has been limited. The present study was therefore to determine the prevalence of a...

Approved Hib Booster Vaccine Shores Up Supply

Family Practice News — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The Food and Drug Administration has approved a new Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine for use as a booster dose in children aged 15 months through 4 years, providing another option for children whose boosters were deferred as a result of the nationwide Hib vaccine shortage that began almost 2 years ago, the agency announced last month. (Source: Family Practice News)

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New Hib Booster Vaccine Shores Up Supply

Pediatric News — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

IgG responses after booster vaccination with different pertussis vaccines in Dutch children 4 years of age: Effect of vaccine antigen content.

Vaccine — Sun, 30 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study shows that a booster vaccine with high pertussis antigen concentrations induces higher antibody levels than a low antigen containing vaccine. In children primed with the Dutch DTwP-IPV-Hib vaccine we suggest to administer a booster vaccine containing high pertussis antigens to optimize IgG responses. The pertussis vaccination history has to be taken into account in decisions on changes in pertussis vaccination policy. PMID: 19729085 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

No Evidence That Combined DTP-HBV-Hib Vaccine Works Better

Health Behavior News Service — Fri, 28 Aug 2009 12:24:15 +0100

07/21/2009, Cochrane Library, There is no evidence that giving infants a combination vaccine for diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), pertussis (P), hepatitis B (HBV), and Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) protects them as effectively as separate vaccines, according to the results of a new Cochrane review. (Source: Health Behavior News Service)

National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months - United States, 2008.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Thu, 27 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This report describes the 2008 NIS coverage estimates for this series and individual vaccines, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), >or=2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), and hepatitis B vaccination received in the first 3 days of life (HepB birth dose) among children born during January 2005-June 2007. In 2008, 4:3:1:3:3:1 series coverage was 76.1%, compared with 77.4% in 2007; >or=90% coverage was maintained for all recommended series vaccines, except >or=4 doses of diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine. Coverage with >or=3 doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib) decreased from 2007, likely because of the shortage of Hib vaccine and the recommendation to defer the routine Hib vaccine booster dose administered at age 12-15 mont...

New GSK Product Should Help Alleviate Hib Vaccine Shortage

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Wed, 26 Aug 2009 22:20:00 +0100

The nation's supply of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine should see a much-needed upsurge in the coming weeks, thanks to the Aug. 19 FDA approval of GlaxoSmithKline's Hiberix as a booster dose for children ages 15 months to 4 years. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

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FDA Approves Glaxosmithkline's Hib Vaccine, Hiberix(R)

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 08:00:00 +0100

In response to a U.S. shortage of a vaccine to protect infants from Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), GlaxoSmithKline (NYSE: GSK) has received accelerated approval from the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for Hiberix® [Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate)] as a booster dose in children 15 months through four years of age. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

New Hib Vaccine Granted Accelerated Approval

MedicineNet Hepatitis C General — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 07:00:00 +0100

Title: New Hib Vaccine Granted Accelerated ApprovalCategory: Health NewsCreated: 8/20/2009 2:10:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 8/21/2009 (Source: MedicineNet Hepatitis C General)

FDA Okays Vaccine for Hib Booster

MedPage Today Infectious Disease — Thu, 20 Aug 2009 17:47:09 +0100

WASHINGTON (MedPage Today) -- The FDA has approved a new Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine -- Hiberix -- for use as a booster dose from age 15 months through 4 years. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)

Accelerated FDA Approval of New Hib Vaccine Boosts Nationwide Supply

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 20 Aug 2009 15:32:56 +0100

The FDA has granted accelerated approval for a Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine as a booster dose for children aged 15 months through 4 years. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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FDA Approves GSK's Hib Vaccine, Hiberix

Drugs.com - New Drug Approvals — Thu, 20 Aug 2009 13:53:07 +0100

PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 19 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- In response to a U.S. shortage of a vaccine to protect infants from Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), GlaxoSmithKline (NYSE:GSK) has received accelerated approval from the FDA (Food and Drug... (Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Approvals)

Accelerated Approval Of Hiberix To Help Sustain Adequate Vaccine Supply

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 20 Aug 2009 11:00:00 +0100

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Hiberix, a Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) vaccine, as a booster dose for children 15 months through 4 years old. Hiberix is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, with U.S. headquarters in Research Triangle Park, N.C. and Philadelphia. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Accelerated Approval of Hiberix to Help Sustain Adequate Vaccine Supply

Food and Drug Administration — Wed, 19 Aug 2009 22:10:00 +0100

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Hiberix, a Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) vaccine, as a booster dose for children 15 months through 4 years old. Hiberix is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, with U.S. headquarters in Research Triangle Park, N.C. and Philadelphia. (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

Jury out on Added Benefit of Combined DTP-HBV-HIB Vaccine

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 06 Aug 2009 15:54:46 +0100

It is unclear whether the combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type B (DTP-HBV-HIB) vaccine is as effective as the separate DTP-HBV and HIB vaccine, researchers say. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Jury out on benefit of infant vaccine combo

Reuters: Health — Wed, 05 Aug 2009 19:41:40 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - It is unclear whether giving infants a combination vaccine for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type B (DTP-HBV-HIB) protects them as effectively as separate DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines, a review of published studies indicates. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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Combined vs separately administered vaccines for prevention of diphtheria tetanus pertussis HBV and HIB

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Liver — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 11:01:46 +0100

Published July 2009Plain language conclusion: Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines for prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B in healthy infants up to two years of age (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Liver)

No Evidence That Combined DTP-HBV-Hib Vaccine Works Better

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 09:00:00 +0100

There is no evidence that giving infants a combination vaccine for diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), pertussis (P), hepatitis B (HBV), and Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) protects them as effectively as separate vaccines, according to the results of a new Cochrane review. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Long‐Term Immunological Follow‐Up of Children with Haemophilus influenzae Serotype b Vaccine Failure in the United Kingdom

Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Mon, 06 Jul 2009 15:30:28 +0100

The objective of this study was to determine Hib antibody concentrations in children several years after infection and to identify risk factors for low antibody concentrations. Methods. The families of children from the United Kingdom who developed invasive Hib disease after prior immunization with Hib conjugate vaccine (i.e., Hib vaccine failure) from October 1992 through December 2005 were asked to complete a questionnaire. A blood sample was also obtained from each child. Results. Of 323 families approached, 260 (80.5%) returned a completed questionnaire, and 175 (54.2%) children provided a blood sample. The median age at follow‐up was 8.4 years (interquartile range [IQR], 6.2–15.4 years), and the median duration of follow‐up was 4.1 years (IQR, 3.5–9.7 years). Twenty‐se...

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CDC Reinstates Hib Booster Dose for 12- to 15-month-olds

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Wed, 01 Jul 2009 15:40:00 +0100

After more than a year and a half of deferrals, the booster dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine should again be considered a routine part of the childhood immunization schedule. The CDC -- in consultation with its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, or ACIP, the AAFP and the American Academy of Pediatrics -- is recommending that physicians immediately reinstate the Hib booster dose for children ages 12-15 months who have completed the three-dose primary series. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

Hib Vaccine Booster Dose Reinstated

Pediatric News — Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

ATLANTA — Physicians should resume giving booster vaccinations for Haemophilus influenzae type b to children aged 12–15 months at routine visits, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended. (Source: Pediatric News)

Booster HiB vaccine reinstituted in select age groups

Modern Medicine — Sun, 28 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Booster shots of a vaccine guarding against bacterial meningitis have been reinstated for children by the CDC. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Updated Recommendations for Use of Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Vaccine: Reinstatement of the Booster Dose at Ages 12--15 Months

CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report — Fri, 26 Jun 2009 09:46:25 +0100

(Source: CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report)

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Sanofi Pasteur Responds To Nation's Need For Hib Vaccine With Increased Supply

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 26 Jun 2009 09:00:00 +0100

Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of the sanofi-aventis Group (EURONEXT: SAN and NYSE: SNY), announced that the company has been able to increase the supply of its Hib-containing vaccines to enable the return to a full series of vaccinations for U.S. children. Based on the increased supply, on July 1, the U.S. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Updated recommendations for use of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine: reinstatement of the booster dose at ages 12-15 months.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: On December 13, 2007, certain lots of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine marketed as PedvaxHIB (monovalent Hib vaccine) and Comvax (Hib-HepB vaccine), and manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc., were recalled voluntarily, and the company temporarily suspended production of these vaccines. To conserve the limited supply of Hib-containing vaccines, CDC, in consultation with the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), on December 18, 2007, recommended that vaccination providers temporarily defer the routine Hib vaccine booster dose administered to most healthy children at age 12-15 months. PMID: 19553904 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: MMWR Morb Morta...

CDC Reinstates Recommendation for Haemophilus Vaccine Booster (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Infectious Disease — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 16:28:02 +0100

ATLANTA (MedPage Today) -- With a shortage of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine now relieved, the CDC is again recommending that most children receive a booster dose at 12 to 15 months of age. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)

CDC to reinstate booster shots of HiB vaccine

Reuters: Health — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 15:21:52 +0100

CHICAGO (Reuters) - The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Thursday it plans to reinstate booster shoots of a vaccine that protects children against bacterial meningitis. (Source: Reuters: Health)

CDC to reinstate booster shots for HiB vaccine

Reuters: Health — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 14:35:00 +0100

CHICAGO (Reuters) - The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Thursday it plans to reinstate booster shoots of a vaccine that protects babies and toddlers against bacterial meningitis. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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CDC to Reinstate Booster Shots of HiB Vaccine

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 14:21:52 +0100

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Thursday it plans to reinstate booster shoots of a vaccine that protects children against bacterial meningitis. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topic: Childhood Immunization (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease in Five Young Children—Minnesota, 2008

Annals of Emergency Medicine — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 07:36:09 +0100

[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in five young children—Minnesota, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009;58:58-60.] In 2008, 5 children younger than 5 years were reported to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) with invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease; one child died. Only 1 of the children had completed the primary Hib immunization series; 3 had received no doses of Hib-containing vaccine. The 5 Hib cases are the largest number among children younger than 5 years reported from Minnesota since 1992. The cases occurred during a Hib vaccine recall and continuing nationwide shortage that began in December 2007. The recall of certain lots of the 2 Hib-containing vaccines manufactured by Merck and Co., Inc. (West...

Commentary

Annals of Emergency Medicine — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 07:36:09 +0100

[Ann Emerg Med. 2009;54:85.] Historically, emergency physicians were well acquainted with invasive disease caused by Hib. Today, most physicians in training will finish residency never having seen a child present with complications caused by Hib. Since 1990, a conjugate Hib vaccine has decreased the annual incidence of invasive disease to near nondetectable levels. However, the above report describes an unusually high frequency of cases identified in 2008 in Minnesota, mainly among underimmunized children. (Source: Annals of Emergency Medicine)

Sanofi Pasteur Responds To Nation's Need For Hib Vaccine With Increased Supply

Pharmaceutical Online News — Thu, 25 Jun 2009 05:46:00 +0100

Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of the sanofi-aventis Group (EURONEXT: SAN and NYSE: SNY), announced today that the company has been able to increase the supply of its Hib-containing vaccines to enable the return to a full series of vaccinations for U.S. children. (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)

Clinical characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in Denmark in the post-vaccination era

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, meningitis caused by Hib has been infrequent in Denmark after introduction of the Hib vaccine in the childhood vaccination programme, and no increase in meningitis cases due to non-b type H. influenzae has been observed. Cases with H. influenzae meningitis frequently had an otogenic focus, with low risk of an unfavourable outcome. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

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Humoral immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, measles, and hemophilus influenzae type b in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and response to re-vaccination

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Wed, 17 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Loss of immunity to previous vaccination and timing of re-vaccination in children receiving chemotherapy remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunity to vaccine preventable diseases in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Sixty-one patients with ALL and 13 healthy siblings were enrolled. Three study groups included newly diagnosed patients (group 1), patients on maintenance chemotherapy (group 2), and patients that completed chemotherapy (group 3). Blood samples for baseline antibody titers were obtained from all the patients and controls. Patients in group 2 were vaccinated with diphtheria, tetanus, and hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Patients in group 3 and controls received the measles vaccine in addition to all the above vaccines. In grou...

Reduction of meningitis and impact on under-5 pneumonia after introducing the Hib vaccine in the Kingdom of Tonga.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics — Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Hib vaccine has reduced invasive Hi disease and Hi meningitis in Tonga. The reduction in inpatient pneumonia is more likely a reflection of annual fluctuations in viral pneumonia than of a reduction in Hib pneumonia, but ongoing surveillance is recommended. PMID: 19460264 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Tropical Paediatrics)

Primary and booster immunization with a diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B (DTPa–HBV) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine administered separately or together is safe and immunogenic

International Journal of Infectious Diseases — Thu, 21 May 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Summary: Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of DTPa–HBV and Hib vaccines given mixed or separately to 360 healthy infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.Methods: Immune memory was assessed in lower responders (post-primary anti-PRP (Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases)

Infants' Pain Response To Immunization Varies Based On Which Vaccine Is First

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 13 May 2009 10:00:00 +0100

Infants who receive the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) following the combination vaccine for diphtheria, polio, tetanus, pertussis and Haemophilus influenza type b (DPTaP-Hib vaccine) appear to experience less pain than those who are immunized in the opposite order, according to a report in the May issue of Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, a theme issue on vaccines. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

The Order Of Vaccine Injections Has An Effect On The PainÂ´s Feedback In Infants

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 06 May 2009 07:00:00 +0100

A report in the May issue of Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine indicates that infants who receive the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) after being given the grouping vaccine for diphtheria, polio, tetanus, pertussis and Haemophilus influenza type b (DPTaP-Hib vaccine) seem to experience less pain than other infants who are given the vaccinations in the reverse order. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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ARTICLE: Progress in Timely Vaccination Coverage Among Children Living in Low-Income Households

Archives of Pediatrics — Mon, 04 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Disparities in vaccination coverage associated with low household income persist. Further progress in timely vaccination may be achieved by improving health care providers' reminder/recall systems, implementing educational interventions that address barriers to vaccination, and increasing parents' awareness of the Vaccines for Children Program. (Source: Archives of Pediatrics)

ARTICLE: Order of Vaccine Injection and Infant Pain Response

Archives of Pediatrics — Mon, 04 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Pain was reduced when the DPTaP-Hib vaccine was administered before the PCV in infants undergoing routine vaccination. We recommend that the order of vaccine injections be the DPTaP-Hib vaccine followed by the PCV. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00390130 (Source: Archives of Pediatrics)

Government Stipulates To Lump Sum, Annuity For Vaccine Injuries

LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Thimerosal & Vaccines Legal News — Mon, 20 Apr 2009 12:21:14 +0100

WASHINGTON, D.C. - While denying that a petitioner was injured by the diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) or haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) vaccines, the government on March 17 agreed to pay a lump sum of $769,803 plus an annuity for counseling (Jason Agresti, et al. v. Secretary, No. 05-752V, Fed. Clms., Off. Spec. Masters). Full story on lexis.com (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Thimerosal & Vaccines Legal News)

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in Germany: impact of non-type b serotypes in the post-vaccine era

BMC Infectious Diseases — Mon, 20 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There was no increase in non-type b Hi invasive infections during 8 years of active surveillance in Germany. Invasive disease due to non-type b Hi is not confined to children with risk factors. In patients with capsulated non-type b Hi infections the proportion of meningitis cases is similar to Hib, but double as high as in non-capsulated Hi. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Second Disease Outbreak Illustrates Heightened Need to Complete Hib Primary Series

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Tue, 24 Mar 2009 19:40:00 +0100

The AAFP has issued a statement agreeing with recommendations laid out in a CDC health advisory disseminated in the wake of an ongoing nationwide shortage of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine. In its statement, the Academy advises members who are having difficulty obtaining an adequate supply of Hib-containing vaccine to contact their vaccine suppliers and, if necessary, their state health departments. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

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Petition Fails For Lack Of An Expert To Show Causation

LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Thimerosal & Vaccines Legal News — Fri, 20 Mar 2009 06:30:26 +0100

WASHINGTON, D.C. - The Office of Special Masters has denied compensation to a petitioner who provided no expert to back up her contention that the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) varicella and hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines caused her son's idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, a seizure disorder and unspecified neurologic injuries (Mariana Ruvalcaba v. Secretary, No. 07-259V, Fed. Clms., Off. Spec. Masters). Full story on lexis.com (Source: LexisNexis® Mealey's™ Thimerosal & Vaccines Legal News)

Burden of Invasive Disease Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Asia.

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases — Sun, 01 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Broker M Globally, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the leading causes of childhood meningitis and pneumonia. Vaccines against Hib have been developed and introduced into routine immunization programs in most industrialized nations, in which the burden of Hib disease has been clearly demonstrated. In Asia, the burden of Hib disease has been perceived as relatively low compared with other parts of the world. However, the results of several recent studies have allowed for a more cautious assessment of the disease burden in different populations and settings throughout Asia. These studies suggest that the true burden of Hib disease may have been underestimated, and point to several key factors that may have contributed to this problem, such as antibiotic use prior to...

CDC Urging Docs to Complete Hib Primary Series

AAFP Clinical Care and Research — Wed, 25 Feb 2009 22:40:00 +0100

With the nation's shortage of Haemophilus influenzae type b, or Hib, vaccine now stretching into its 15th month, the CDC is directly contacting thousands of health care providers with a reminder that all children should complete the primary Hib immunization series. (Source: AAFP Clinical Care and Research)

DSHS Issues Pentacel Advisory

Blogged_Arteries — Thu, 05 Feb 2009 00:00:00 +0100

State health officials say physicians should use Pentacel only for the first three doses of the diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination series until the U.S. supply of the Hib vaccine improves. (Source: Blogged_Arteries)

Cameroon: Health - New free vaccine for children

AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine — Mon, 02 Feb 2009 14:41:13 +0100

The DTC Hep + Hib vaccine will be officially launched on February 4 in Okola in the Lekié Division of the Centre Region. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)

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Is Hib vaccine of economic value in South Korea?

J Korean Med Sci — Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Griffiths UK, Edmond K, Hajjeh R PMID: 19270839 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Korean Med Sci)

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Type B disease in five young children--Minnesota, 2008.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Fri, 30 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: In 2008, five children aged <5 years were reported to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) with invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease; one died. Only one of the children had completed the primary Hib immunization series; three had received no doses of Hib-containing vaccine. The five Hib cases are the largest number among children aged <5 years reported from Minnesota since 1992. The cases occurred during a Hib vaccine recall and continuing nationwide shortage that began in December 2007. The recall of certain lots of the two Hib-containing vaccines manufactured by Merck Co., Inc. (West Point, Pennsylvania) and cessation of production of both vaccines left only one manufacturer of Hib vaccine in the United States (Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylv...

Hib Cases Jumped In Minnesota In 2008, Vaccine Shortage Led To Fewer Immunizations

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 24 Jan 2009 10:00:00 +0100

The reappearance of the childhood infectious disease Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) in Minnesota last year has prompted authorities to acquire extra vaccines. The Minnesota Department of Health is urging parents to work with their health care providers so that infants receive the recommended primary series of three doses of Hib vaccine. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

DTP poliovirus vaccine/Hib vaccine/Hib-DTP-poliovirus vaccine: Discoloured leg syndrome in infants: 2 case reports

Reactions — Sat, 24 Jan 2009 07:16:13 +0100

(Source: Reactions)