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DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 13
In this study, cangrelor was discontinued 1-6 hours prior to surgery, while aspirin was continued throughout the perioperative period. Bridging with cangrelor did not increase major bleeds prior to surgery, though minor bleeds, mostly ecchymosis at venipuncture site, was higher. P2Y12 assay documented sufficient platelet inhibition corresponding to levels required for anti thrombotic effect [1]. Cangrelor is awaiting approval and more large scale trials regarding the use of bridging are needed. Reference 1. Angiolillo DJ et al; BRIDGE Investigators. Bridging antiplatelet therapy with cangrelor in patients undergoing ...
Source: Cardiophile MD - February 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs

DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 3
Please wait while the activity loads. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Also, this page requires javascript. Please visit using a browser with javascript enabled. If loading fails, click here to try again Click on the 'Start' button to begin the mock test. After answering all questions, click on the 'Get Results' button to display your score and the explanations. Start Congratulations - you have completed DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 3. You scored %%SCORE%% out of %%TOTAL%%. Your performance has been rated as %%RATING%% Your answers are hi...
Source: Cardiophile MD - January 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

The Wheat Belly lifestyle BEGAN with heart health
Debbie posted this comment on the Wheat Belly Facebook page: “I posted a few weeks back about our scare from our primary care doctor. My husband had a calcium score of 1200. We panicked! Messaged Dr. Davis and went the next day to a cardio doctor and had a stress test, ultrasound, and blood test (inflammatory markers). Got him on recommended supplements per Dr Davis. “Latest update: Cardio doctor says, being as you started ‘Wheat Belly’ back in October, 2014, your score could have been higher and already started to improve, we don’t know. What we DO know is, because of this new way of eating,...
Source: Wheat Belly Blog - September 15, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dr. Davis Tags: Wheat Belly Lifestyle calcium score cholesterol fish oil gluten grains heart disease iodine Thyroid vitamin D Weight Loss Source Type: blogs

PCSK9 inhibitor – Cardiology MCQ
The PCSK9 inhibitor which was recently approved by US FDA: a) Evolocumab b) Alirocumab c) Infliximab d) Abciximab Correct answer: b) Alirocumab Both evolocumab and alirocumab are PCSK9 inhibitors (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors) [1]. PCSK9 inhibitors have been approved by US FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) in those whom hypercholesterolemia is not controlled with diet and maximally tolerated statin treatment, if they have clinically manifest atherosclerotic disease like stroke or myocardial infarction [2]. Alirocumab can be given as a self administered subcutaneous injection once in tw...
Source: Cardiophile MD - July 31, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Featured Alirocumab hypercholesterolemia proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors Source Type: blogs

Cholesterol Drugs: New Studies Could Spur Even Wider Use. Is That a Good Thing?
By STEVEN FINDLAY Chances are that a third of you reading this sentence take a statin, the ubiquitous cholesterol-lowering drugs. I do. Is it a good or bad thing that so many of us are taking these meds? Two studies out this month advance the long-running debate about the widespread use of statins—and they could propel doctors to prescribe the drugs to millions more people. The cholesterol/statin story starts in the early 1980s. Here’s a quick summary: By 1985, studies showed conclusively that statins (the best known one then was Mevacor/lovastatin) substantially reduced the risk of another heart attack in people who ...
Source: The Health Care Blog - July 27, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: suchandan roy Tags: THCB LDl Lipitor Statins Steven Findlay Source Type: blogs

Blow your HDL through the roof
The HDL cholesterol value is one of the four values on any conventional lipid/cholesterol panel, along with total cholesterol, triglycerides, and calculated LDL cholesterol (what I call “fictitious” LDL because of its incredible inaccuracy when compared to superior measures). The HDL cholesterol value has some unique characteristics not shared by the others, however, and can serve as an index of overall health. Very high HDL values, for instance, are associated with extreme longevity. Centenarians typically have values of 90 mg/dl or higher. Higher HDLs are also associated with less risk for diabetes, hypertens...
Source: Wheat Belly Blog - June 29, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dr. Davis Tags: Wheat Belly Lifestyle fish oil HDL longevity omega-3 saturated fat vitamin D Source Type: blogs

Medications After a Heart Attack
From: www.secondscount.orgYour heart attack recovery will include medications. Taking these medications exactly as prescribed is one of the best tools at your disposal for avoiding death in the months following a heart attack. According to an article published in Circulation, the journal of the American Heart Association, heart attack patients who had not filled any of their prescriptions within 120 days of being discharged from the hospital had 80 percent greater odds of death than those who filled all of their prescriptions.Medications you are likely to be prescribed after a heart attack fall int...
Source: Dr Portnay - January 23, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dr Portnay Source Type: blogs

CoQ10: Powerful Supplement for Health
Discussion of the Evidence, Scope, Benefits and Risk. Please take a look at this discussion as I’m certain it will help answer some important questions. In addition, some very informative research about coenzyme Q10 can be found in the science section of our website. Coenzyme Q10 is one of the most fundamentally important nutritional supplements I recommend and use in my clinical practice not just for patients with heart disease, but to support brain health and general health as well. We generally recommend 100mg daily, and 200mg daily for those on statins, beta-blockers, or tricyclic antidepressants. The post CoQ10: Pow...
Source: Renegade Neurologist - A Blog by David Perlmutter, MD, FACN - August 19, 2014 Category: Neurologists Authors: gbadmin Tags: Science Supplements beta-blockers blood pressure Cardiovascular disease Cholesterol CoQ10 heart lipitor migraines Statins toprol zocor Source Type: blogs

Abdominal aortic aneurysm
is a life threatening condition as it has a chance to rupture as the size increases. Non-surgical management of a large abdominal aortic aneurysm is by: 1. Injection of thrombin into the aneurysm sac 2. Insertion of a stent graft into the aneurysm through the femoral route 3. High dose atorvastatin 4. Dual anti-platelet therapy Correct answer: 2. Insertion of an aortic stent graft Large abdominal aortic aneurysms are conventionally treated by open surgery with placement of a graft after resecting the aneurysmal segment. But very often persons with large abdominal aortic aneurysms are in the older age group with associate...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs

How Manipulated Clinical Evidence Could Distort Guidelines - the Case of Statins for Primary Prevention
This study excluded many patient for whom the statins were not contraindicated or warned against: uncontrolled hypertension; type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin or with a HgBA1C at least 10%; and body weight more than 50% "desirable limit for height."  (Based on the official contraindications and warnings for commonly used statins, e.g., see contraindications for Lipitor here, active liver disease, pregnancy for likely to become pregnant, nursing mothers, hypersensitivity to the medicine; and warnings: use of cyclosprine or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, renal impairment.)  Thus ...
Source: Health Care Renewal - December 3, 2013 Category: Health Medicine and Bioethics Commentators Tags: American College of Cardiology American Heart Association clinical trials conflicts of interest evidence-based medicine guidelines manipulating clinical research review articles Source Type: blogs

Statins - John P. A. Ioannidis writes
The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines on assessment of cardiovascular risk1 and on treatment of blood cholesterol, which included recommendations for primary prevention with statins,2 came under intense criticism immediately with their release. Main concerns focused on flawed methods (problems with the risk calculation),3 ethics (conflicts of interest),4 and inferences (too many people offered treatment).The ACC and the AHA are among the most experienced organizations in medicine that develop guidelines. Their processes are meticulous, including transparent r...
Source: PharmaGossip - December 3, 2013 Category: Pharma Commentators Authors: insider Source Type: blogs

Statins in the Spotlight
By Quinn Phillips Two weeks ago, at the annual meeting of the American Heart Association, that group — in partnership with the American College of Cardiology — released sweeping new guidelines on drug treatments for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Of the new recommendations contained within the guidelines, the one that is getting the most attention is a dramatic expansion in the number of people for whom statin drugs are recommended. Statins — the group of cholesterol-lowering drugs that includes atorvastatin (brand name Lipitor), simvastatin (Zocor), and rosuvastatin (Crestor) — were prev...
Source: Diabetes Self-Management - November 27, 2013 Category: Diabetes Authors: Quinn Phillips Source Type: blogs

Digging deeper into the new cholesterol guidelines
The American Heart Association, in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology, recently released recommendations that should change the way we prescribe medications called statins, including drugs like Lipitor and Crestor and their generics, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. The headlines say stuff like, “More Americans may be Eligible to Receive Cholesterol Lowering Drugs!” I am a bit skeptical of news about statin therapy because Lipitor, before it went generic, was responsible for over 6 billion dollars in revenue for Pfizer and since it went generic, AstraZeneca is raking in more revenue than they...
Source: Kevin, M.D. - Medical Weblog - November 26, 2013 Category: Family Physicians Tags: Meds Heart Medications Source Type: blogs

Drug which blocks intestinal absorption of cholesterol
: a) Atorvastatin b) Gemfibrozil c) Ezetimibe d) Rosuvastatin Correct answer: c) Ezetimibe Ezetimibe acts by selectively blocking the uptake of  cholesterol and other sterols by intestinal epithelial cells. The action is on Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) cholesterol uptake receptors. Interestingly, it has been recently shown that NPC1L1 expression is necessary for HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection. Ezetimibe can block the entry of HCV into the cell, in experimental situations. Clinical effect on this aspect has to be further studied [Sainz B Jr et al. Identification of the Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 cholesterol absorption...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 31, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 receptor NPC1L1 Source Type: blogs

Drug eluting stent
Drug used for coating coronary stents to reduce restenosis: a) Atorvastatin b) Aspirin c) Sirolimus d) Clopidogrel Correct answer: c) Sirolimus Sirolimus is an antimalignant drug which is used in drug eluting stents which reduces neo-intimal proliferation, the important cause of in stent restenosis after coronary angioplasty with stenting. All the other drugs are helpful in reducing the chance of progression of coronary artery disease and are invariably given after coronary stenting, but are not used for coating drug eluting stents.
Source: Cardiophile MD - September 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs