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Total 70 results found since Jan 2013.

Microfluidics and AI Microscopy for Hemoglobin Measurements
In this study, we demonstrate that the applicability of a system originally designed for the purposes of imaging can be extended towards the performance of biochemical tests without any additional modifications to the hardware unit, thereby retrainin...
Source: Medgadget - February 25, 2021 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Conn Hastings Tags: Anesthesiology Cardiology Critical Care Emergency Medicine Military Medicine Pediatrics Surgery Sigtuple Source Type: blogs

Aggressive hypertension treatment does not lead to dangerous drops in blood pressure
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is a primary risk factor for numerous medical conditions, including heart attacks, strokes, heart failure, kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and dementia. Blood pressure (BP) control is so critical that when the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology updated their treatment guidelines in 2017, they called for more aggressive blood pressure treatment. They lowered the definition of normal, or optimal, blood pressure to less than 120/80 mm Hg, and they recommended treatment for blood pressure higher than ...
Source: Harvard Health Blog - December 2, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alyson Kelley-Hedgepeth, MD Tags: Hypertension and Stroke Source Type: blogs

Mexiletine – Class Ib ( & Id?)
Mexiletine – Class Ib (& Id?) Mexiletine is a Class Ib drug. But it has additional effect on late sodium current (INaL), which qualifies for Id inclusion, though it has not been included in that group in the Modernized Classification of Cardiac Antiarrhythmic Drugs [1]. By virtue of that effect, it has been used successfully in the treatment of Long QT syndrome 3 (LQT3) [2]. In addition to shortening QTc, it has been shown to reduce life threatening arrhythmic events in LQT3 patients. It has also been found useful in Timothy syndrome, which is long QT syndrome type 8 (LQT8) [3]. In the case reported, mexiletine s...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 14, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: ECG / Electrophysiology late sodium current Long QT syndrome 3 LQT3 LQT8 Timothy syndrome Source Type: blogs

Antiarrhythmic drug classification
The popular Vaughan Williams classification was published in 1975 [1]. It is still being used by most of us. The Sicilian Gambit published in 1991 [2] has not been so popular because of its complexity. Vaughan Williams classification is approximately as follows:  Class I: Sodium channel blockers ◦a: Moderate Na channel block. e.g. Quinidine, Disopyramide ◦b: Weak Na channel block. e.g. Lignocaine, Mexiletine ◦c: Marked Na channel block. e.g. Flecainide, Propafenone  Class II: Beta blockers  Class III: Potassium channel blockers: Amiodarone, Sotalol, Ibutilide  Class IV: Calcium channel blockers In 2018, an exten...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 13, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: ECG / Electrophysiology Source Type: blogs

Most abundant cation – Cardiology MCQ
Most abundant cation – Cardiology MCQ Most abundant cation in the human body: Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Post your answer as a comment below. Correct answer will be published on: June 12, 2020 8:28 am The post Most abundant cation – Cardiology MCQ appeared first on All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders.
Source: Cardiophile MD - June 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Aquadex Ultrafiltration for Critical COVID Patients: Interview with John Erb, CEO at CHF Solutions
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, many healthcare facilities around the world are inundated with critically ill patients, and resources such as equipment and staff are stretched thin. Shortages of critical equipment, such as ventilators, can mean t...
Source: Medgadget - May 6, 2020 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Conn Hastings Tags: Critical Care Exclusive Source Type: blogs

Genetic basis in Brugada Syndrome – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Genetic basis in Brugada Syndrome – Cardiology MCQ – Answer Genetic basis in Brugada Syndrome has been identified in — percentage of cases currently – Correct answer: a) 30% Though autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been noted in Brugada syndrome, pathogenic mutations have not been detected in 70% of the cases [1]. The first mutation to be identified in the syndrome was in the sodium channel gene SCN5A in 1998 [2]. Even today most of the mutations detected in the syndrome are in the same gene (21%). Several other potential genes have been identified (CACNA1C, GPD1L, HEY2, PKP2, RANGR...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 20, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs

Drug challenge in Brugada syndrome – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Drug challenge in Brugada syndrome – Cardiology MCQ – Answer Which of the following is not usually used as drug challenge to unmask the Brugada Type I ECG pattern? – Correct answer: d) Propranolol Drug challenge is used when there is clinical suspicion in the form of syncope, agonal respiration and family history, but ECG does not show the classical type I Brugada syndrome ECG. Sodium channel blockers are used to unmask the ECG changes of the disease. Drug challenge should be cautiously done with continuous ECG monitoring and occurrence of QRS widening more than 130% of baseline, frequent ventricular ecto...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 20, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Quinidine for Brugada syndrome
Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac channelopathy with potential for life threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death [1]. Coved ST segment elevation of 2 mm or more with negative T wave in right precordial leads V1 and V2, either spontaneously or after challenge with sodium channel blocker drug is the characteristic ECG finding. Though implantation of an ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is the main treatment, quinidine for Brugada syndrome is an option worth it in certain situations [2]. Quinidine is a Class I antiarrhythmic agent which can block Ito and IKr currents. It has been shown to...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 19, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Side effects of fludrocortisone – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Side effects of fludrocortisone – Cardiology MCQ – Answer Side effects of fludrocortisone does not include – Correct answer: d) Postural hypotension Fludrocortisone is an important drug for the treatment of postural hypotension. It is a synthetic steroid with mineralocorticoid activity. It increases sodium reabsorption in the renal tubules. The drug in turn increases potassium excretion and cause hypokalemia. Sodium retention causes volume expansion decreases the chance of postural hypotension. For the same reason it may cause supine hypertension in these patients. Often supine hypertension is an importan...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 18, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs

60-something with wide complex tachycardia: from where does the rhythm originate?
p.p1 {margin: 0.1px 0.0px 0.1px 0.1px; font: 9.0px Helvetica}An elderly woman with history of coronary disease presented with CP and SOB and hypotension by EMS.  EMS had attempted adenosine x 2 without success.Here is her ED ECG:Here is the ED physician ' s interpretation:IMPRESSIONUNCERTAIN REGULAR RHYTHM, wide complex tachycardia, likely p-waves.LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK [120+ ms QRS DURATION, 80+ ms Q/S IN V1/V2, 85+ ms R IN I/aVL/V5/V6]Comparison Summary: LBBB and tachycardia are new.What do you think?Smith:  This is indeed a regular wide complex tachycardia.  I do not see P-waves.  Retrograde P...
Source: Dr. Smith's ECG Blog - April 14, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steve Smith Source Type: blogs

Potential mechanisms of reduced heart failure hospitalization with SGLT2 inhibitors
Four main potential reasons for protection against heart failure (HF) hospitalization by SGLT2 inhibitors: Contraction of plasma volume and reduction of blood pressure reducing preload and afterload. Increased ketone production can be used for the production of ATP by the myocardium more efficiently.  Inhibition of sodium-hydrogen exchange in myocardial cells can lead to reduction of hypertrophy, systolic dysfunction, fibrosis and remodeling. Reduced arrhythmic risk possibily due to suppression of sympathetic nervous system leading to lower sudden cardiac death. Reference Cherney DZ, Odutayo A, Aronson R, Ezekowitz J...
Source: Cardiophile MD - December 14, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

“ Exclusion tests ” for primary aldosteronism
“Exclusion tests” for primary aldosteronism Oral sodium loading test Saline infusion test Captopril challenge test Fludrocortisone with salt loading test Though these tests were proposed as ‘confirmatory tests’ for primary aldosteronism, it was found that their negative predictive value was more than the positive predictive value. Reference Rossi GP. Primary Aldosteronism: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Dec 3;74(22):2799-2811. Rossi GP, Belfiore A, Bernini G, Desideri G, Fabris B, Ferri C, Giacchetti G, Letizia C, Maccario M, Mallamaci F, Mannelli M, Palumbo G, Rizzoni D, ...
Source: Cardiophile MD - December 12, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

A young F is hyperthermic, delirious, and dry: Fever-induced Brugada? Diphenhydramine toxicity? Tricyclic?
Conclusion of this paper: Fever is a great risk factor for arrhythmia events in Brugada Syndrome patients. Patients with known fever-triggered Brugada syndrome should be surveilled closely during fever and be started on antipyretic therapy as soon as possible.  There are limited data regarding the impact of EP study in BrS patients triggered by fever.  An EP study might be helpful in symptomatic patients (Sroubek et al., 2016) in the presence of spontaneous BrS ECG or drug-induced ECG.The prognostic significance of fever-induced Brugada syndrome.  Heart Rhythm 2016.Eighty-eight asymptomatic patient...
Source: Dr. Smith's ECG Blog - December 4, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steve Smith Source Type: blogs

Lifestyle changes to lower heart disease risk
Nearly half of all premature deaths may be due to unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as insufficient exercise, poor diet, and smoking. These risk factors increase the risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, heart attack, and stroke. The good news is that lifestyle changes can make a difference. In a study analyzing over 55,000 people, those with favorable lifestyle habits such as not smoking, not being obese, engaging in regular physical activity, and eating a healthy diet lowered their heart disease risk by nearly 50%. The American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) recently published guide...
Source: Harvard Health Blog - November 2, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: James Yeh, MD, MPH Tags: Alcohol Diabetes Exercise and Fitness Heart Health Hypertension and Stroke Smoking cessation Source Type: blogs