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DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 8
This study found that though it is often associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), it can also occur in those without significant CAD. It was not specifically associated with disease of right coronary artery disease. This cardioinhibitory response may be a manifestation of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex. Bezold-Jarisch reflex inhibits sympathetic activity (sympathetic withdrawal) and increases parasympathetic activity, resulting in bradycardia, which may be associated with vasodilatation, nausea and hypotension. Bezold-Jarisch has been described in the setting of inferior wall infarction and coronary angiography. Origin...
Source: Cardiophile MD - January 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ Cardiology X-ray Featured Source Type: blogs

DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 10
Please wait while the activity loads. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Also, this page requires javascript. Please visit using a browser with javascript enabled. If loading fails, click here to try again Click on the 'Start' button to begin the mock test. After answering all questions, click on the 'Get Results' button to display your score and the explanations. There is no time limit for this mock test. Start Congratulations - you have completed DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 10. You scored %%SCORE%% out of %%TOTAL%%. Your performance has been rat...
Source: Cardiophile MD - February 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Featured Source Type: blogs

Cardiology MCQ 313: Predictors of response to CRT
Predictors of response to CRT from the MADIT-CRT trial a) Nonischemic origin b) Left bundle-branch block c) QRS duration of 150 milliseconds or more d) All of the above ["Click here for the answer with explanation", "Correct Answer:"] d) All of the above Predictors of response to CRT in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT-CRT) [Circulation. 2011; 124: 1527-1536] were: female sex, nonischemic origin, left bundle-branch block, QRS duration of 150 milliseconds or more, prior hospitalization for heart failure, left ventricular end-diastolic volume of 12...
Source: Cardiophile MD - September 18, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance ECG / Electrophysiology Source Type: blogs

Cardiology MCQ: Selvester QRS scoring
Leads not included in the Selvester QRS scoring system: a) Lead I and aVL b) Lead II and aVF c) Lead III and aVR d) None of the above Correct answer: c) Lead III and aVR Selvester QRS scoring system is a 50 criteria 31 point QRS scoring system which was developed for estimating the infarct size from ECG. Each point on the scoring system will account for about 3% of left ventricular myocardium. The scoring system used 10 of the standard 12 leads with weighting for each criteria ranging from 1 to 3 points. Lead III and aVR are not included in this scoring system. Maximum points that can be taken from each lead are as follo...
Source: Cardiophile MD - November 25, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance ECG / Electrophysiology Source Type: blogs

DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 19
Please wait while the activity loads. If this activity does not load, try refreshing your browser. Also, this page requires javascript. Please visit using a browser with javascript enabled. If loading fails, click here to try again Click on the 'Start' button to begin the mock test. After answering all questions, click on the 'Get Results' button to display your score and the explanations. There is no time limit for this mock test. Start Congratulations - you have completed DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Mock Test 19. You scored %%SCORE%% out of %%TOTAL%%. Your performance has been rat...
Source: Cardiophile MD - February 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis, MD, DM, FACC, FRCP Edin, FRCP London Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs

Cardiology X-ray chest PA view
In this lecture, we will have an overview of Cardiology X-ray Chest PA view. This will cover pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries, various cardiac chamber enlargements, prosthetic heart valves, cardiac implantable electronic devices like pacemakers, cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter defibrillator appearances on chest X-ray.
Source: Cardiophile MD - November 12, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology cardiac chamber enlargementg cardiac implantable electronic devices like pacemakers implantable cardioverter defibrillator prosthetic heart valves pulmonary arteries pulmonary artery Source Type: blogs

Single chamber or dual chamber pacemaker? Cardiology Basics
The decision between single chamber and dual chamber pacemaker though important based on cost, device longevity and complication wise, is not that easy to make. I am trying to summarize based on the 2018 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society guidelines on this aspect [1]. In underprivileged regions, given an option, there is always a potential bias towards single chamber devices as they are cheaper, tend to have more battery life, easier to implant and likely to have lesser procedure and lead related issues. In symptomatic sinus node dysfunction, with correlation between symptoms a...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 10, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

What is the difference between CRT-P and CRT-D? Cardiology Basics
In cardiology, CRT stands for cardiac resynchronization therapy. CRT is used in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. According to the Universal Definition and Classification of Heart Failure, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction has left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. CRT is a type of pacemaker in which three chambers of the heart are paced, right atrium, right ventricle and left ventricle. This picture illustrates what reduced ejection fraction means. Ejection fraction is the fraction of end diastolic volume which is pumped out from the left ventricle during systole. Normal ejection fracti...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 13, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

What is complete heart block? Cardiology Basics
When natural pacemaker impulses from the sinoatrial node fails to reach the ventricles and activate them, it is known as complete heart block. The block could be at the level of the atrioventricular (AV) node or below that. Sinus node is a subepicardial structure located in the upper part of right atrium near the orifice of the superior vena cava. Signals from sinus node travel to the AV node through three internodal pathways. They are Wenckebach, Thorel and Bachmann bundles. Bachmann bundle gives a branch to the left atrium also. AV node is located near the atrioventricular junction in the lower part of right atrium. It ...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 17, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Heart failure in chronic kidney disease – Cardiology Basics
Heart failure in chronic kidney disease – Cardiology Basics Prevalence of both heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing as the population is aging globally. Hence heart failure in chronic kidney disease is seen more often. Presence of CKD in heart failure increases morbidity and mortality. Though there is increasing use of effective medications and special devices like cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients in general, those with CKD have not been benefited well. CKD is defined as abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for >3 months, with implications for h...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Coronary artery and veins are married life long . . . with a purpose !
Cardiologist are always worried about the supply side of coronary blood flow. It’s fair enough, we can condone our brain for this one way thinking , afterall arterial supply remain the life-line for the heart. Some of us could (should) realise the importance of these  humble coronary veins which are anatomically and physiologically tied together.Its existence is as unique as their arterial counterpart.Coronary blood flow of about 250 ml traverses both the arms every minute.Imagine the scenario if the veins refuse to clear the blood from previous cardiac cycle . . . total hemodynamic chaos right ? Luckily such s...
Source: Dr.S.Venkatesan MD - September 9, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: dr s venkatesan Tags: cardaic physiology cardiology-Anatomy coronary sinus anatomy and physiology coronary sinus filling and emptying time drsvenkatesan coronary veno occlusive disorder coronary venous circulation acute coronary sinus syndrome coroanry vein cor Source Type: blogs

BIOTRONIK ’s New CRT-ICDs Alleviate Atrial Lead Without Sacrificing Diagnostics
BIOTRONIK won FDA approval and is releasing in the U.S. its Intica DX and Intica cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)-DX implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). The DX indicator refers to BIOTRONIK’s technology that obviates the neces...
Source: Medgadget - July 19, 2017 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Editors Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Attain Stability Quad MRI SureScan, World ’s Only Active Fixation Left Heart Lead, Approved in U.S.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices are implanted into heart failure patients to try to improve the efficiency of the heart. How well the therapy ends up working depends very much on the positioning of the electrodes of the leads that str...
Source: Medgadget - May 1, 2019 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Editors Tags: Cardiology Radiology Source Type: blogs

BIOTRONIK’s Releases MRI Compatible Ilesto 7 ICD/CRT-D’s
Having recently obtained both FDA clearance and CE Mark, BIOTRONIK is bringing to market its Ilesto 7 cardioverter-defibrillator/cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (ICD/CRT-D) devices. These are the world’s first MRI compatible dev...
Source: Medgadget - June 20, 2013 Category: Technology Consultants Authors: Editors Tags: Cardiac Surgery Cardiology Radiology Source Type: blogs

Boston Scientific’s New Pacemakers Monitor Breathing to Adjust Pacing
Boston Scientific is releasing in Europe three new cardiac pacemakers featuring RightRate technology that monitors the patient’s breathing to help adjust the pulses delivered to the heart. The lineup comprises an INLIVEN cardiac resynchronizati...
Source: Medgadget - June 26, 2013 Category: Technology Consultants Authors: Editors Tags: Cardiology Radiology Source Type: blogs