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Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer: What Clinicians Need to Tell Their Patients.
Abstract
In 2016, nearly a quarter-million women were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, the second deadliest cancer type. Lifestyle behaviors are well-established risk factors for both the development of, and negative outcomes from, breast cancer. New findings demonstrate that engaging in even minimal amounts of exercise is protective against breast cancer. Further, numerous studies have identified the role of exercise in the treatment of breast cancer and improvement in treatment side effects, quality of life, and overall survival. Unfortunately, few patients are physically active due to multiple barriers. P...
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - July 1, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Kraschnewski JL, Schmitz KH Tags: Curr Sports Med Rep Source Type: research
Which exercise prescriptions improve quality of life and physical function in patients with cancer during and following treatment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Exercise interventions, especially when supervised, have statistically significant and small clinical benefit on self-reported QoL and PF in patients with cancer. Unsupervised exercise intervention effects on PF were larger when prescribed at a higher weekly energy expenditure.
PMID: 28954800 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - September 27, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Sweegers MG, Altenburg TM, Chinapaw MJ, Kalter J, Verdonck-de Leeuw IM, Courneya KS, Newton RU, Aaronson NK, Jacobsen PB, Brug J, Buffart LM Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Physical activity and cancer: an umbrella review of the literature including 22 major anatomical sites and 770 000 cancer cases.
CONCLUSION: Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of several cancers, but only colon and breast cancer associations were supported by strong or highly suggestive evidence, respectively. Evidence from other cancer sites was less consistent, presenting hints of uncertainty and/or bias.
PMID: 29146752 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - November 16, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Rezende LFM, Sá TH, Markozannes G, Rey-López JP, Lee IM, Tsilidis KK, Ioannidis JPA, Eluf-Neto J Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Updated systematic review of exercise studies in breast cancer survivors: attention to the principles of exercise training.
CONCLUSION: No studies of exercise in women with breast cancer attended to all principles of exercise training, or reported all components of the exercise prescription in the methods, or adherence to the prescription in the results. Full reporting of the exercise prescribed and completed is essential for study replication in research and translating research findings into the community, and should be prioritised in future trials.
PMID: 29162619 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - November 21, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Neil-Sztramko SE, Winters-Stone KM, Bland KA, Campbell KL Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Bright spots, physical activity investments that work: Active Everyday, Sheffield's physical activity service for all people living with and beyond cancer.
PMID: 29212766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - December 6, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Humphreys L, Crank H, Frith G, Speake H, Reece LJ Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Breast cancer: effectiveness of a one-year unsupervised exercise program.
CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity is recommended for cancer patients; this model of prescribing unsupervised exercise seems to ensure optimal compliance, thus allowing long-term therapeutic efficacy.
PMID: 29498250 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness - March 3, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: J Sports Med Phys Fitness Source Type: research
Therapeutic effects of aerobic and resistance exercises for cancer survivors: a systematic review of meta-analyses of clinical trials.
CONCLUSION: Exercise likely has an important role in helping to manage physical function, mental health, general well-being and quality of life in people undergoing and recovering from cancer and side effects of treatment.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42015020194.
PMID: 29549149 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - March 16, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Fuller JT, Hartland MC, Maloney LT, Davison K Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Self-rated walking pace and all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: individual participant pooled analysis of 50 225 walkers from 11 population British cohorts.
CONCLUSION: Walking benefits health. Assuming causality, these analyses suggest that increasing walking pace could reduce risk for all-cause and CVD mortality. Walking pace could be emphasised in public health messages, especially in situations when increase in walking volume or frequency is less feasible.
PMID: 29858463 [PubMed - in process]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - June 1, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Stamatakis E, Kelly P, Strain T, Murtagh EM, Ding D, Murphy MH Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Do the associations of sedentary behaviour with cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer mortality differ by physical activity level? A systematic review and harmonised meta-analysis of data from 850 060 participants.
CONCLUSION: PA modifies the associations between sedentary behaviours and CVD and cancer mortality. These findings emphasise the importance of higher volumes of moderate and vigorous activity to reduce, or even eliminate these risks, especially for those who sit a lot in their daily lives.
PMID: 29991570 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - July 10, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Ekelund U, Brown WJ, Steene-Johannessen J, Fagerland MW, Owen N, Powell KE, Bauman AE, Lee IM Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Tools Clinicians Can Use to Help Get Patients Active.
Abstract
An epidemic of physical inactivity has given rise to a population struggling with early mortality and an increase in chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Primary care providers as well as other clinicians are in a position to help overcome this epidemic of physical inactivity. The goal of this commentary is to provide clinicians with resources and recommendations from the recent literature to help overcome barriers to physical activity counseling and help patients become physically active. Theory-based interventions from communication and exercise prescri...
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Kennedy AB, Hales SB Tags: Curr Sports Med Rep Source Type: research
Effects and moderators of exercise on muscle strength, muscle function and aerobic fitness in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data.
CONCLUSION: Exercise interventions during and following cancer treatment had small effects on UBMS, LBMS, LBMF and aerobic fitness. Demographic, intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics including age, marital status, intervention timing, delivery mode and frequency and type and time of exercise sessions moderated the exercise effect on UBMS, LBMS and aerobic fitness.
PMID: 30181323 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - September 4, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Sweegers MG, Altenburg TM, Brug J, May AM, van Vulpen JK, Aaronson NK, Arbane G, Bohus M, Courneya KS, Daley AJ, Galvao DA, Garrod R, Griffith KA, Van Harten WH, Hayes SC, Herrero-Román F, Kersten MJ, Lucia A, McConnachie A, van Mechelen W, Mutrie N, New Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Pre-cancer diagnosis cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and cancer mortality in men.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher CRF and being active at pre-cancer-diagnosis were associated with lower cancer mortality and longer survival time in men who developed cancer later in life. Screening and intervening for low CRF and inactivity as risk factors during middle-age and maintaining at least moderate CRF and activity levels may be effective strategies for prevention of cancer mortality.
PMID: 30293409 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness - October 10, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: J Sports Med Phys Fitness Source Type: research
Effects of a home based exercise rehabilitation program for cancer survivors.
CONCLUSIONS: Individually prescribed home-based exercise programs were cost effective, safe and resulted in modest improvements in body composition, strength, and total body water distribution with little to no adverse effect on cardiac function.
PMID: 30293406 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness - October 10, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: J Sports Med Phys Fitness Source Type: research
Physical activity less than the recommended amount may prevent the onset of major biological risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a cohort study of 198 919 adults.
CONCLUSION: Compared with being inactive, doing half the recommended amount of PA is associated with a lower incidence of several common biological CVD risk factors. Given these benefits, half the recommended amount of PA is an evidence based target for inactive adults.
PMID: 30554146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - December 15, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Martinez-Gomez D, Esteban-Cornejo I, Lopez-Garcia E, García-Esquinas E, Sadarangani KP, Veiga OL, Rodriguez-Artalejo F Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
Dose-response associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with all-cause mortality and incidence and mortality of cancer and cardiovascular and respiratory diseases: the UK Biobank cohort study.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with lower risk of premature mortality and incidence of CVD, respiratory disease and colorectal cancer.
PMID: 30796106 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - February 22, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Steell L, Ho FK, Sillars A, Petermann-Rocha F, Li H, Lyall DM, Iliodromiti S, Welsh P, Anderson J, MacKay DF, Pell JP, Sattar N, Gill JM, Gray SR, Celis-Morales CA Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research
