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Nimg-01. a case report of neurosarcoidosis presenting as a lymphoma mimic
DISCUSSION:Our patient did not have Lymphoma, and had a good response to corticosteroids and infliximab. However, his clinical presentation raised suspicion for lymphoma. Biopsy in these types of cases is necessary to establish correct diagnosis. Neurosarcoidosis has no known cure. Immunosuppression is the principal method of treatment, and corticosteroids are the cornerstone of therapy.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kaur, G., Cameron, L. Tags: NEURO-IMAGING Source Type: research

Neuro-Ophthalmic Manifestations of Intracranial Malignancies
Conclusion: Intracranial malignancies can present with neuro-ophthalmic symptoms or signs depending on topographical localization. Specific neuro-ophthalmic presentations are associated with different malignant intracranial tumors. Clinicians should be aware of the common malignant intracranial tumors and their associated clinical presentations in neuro-ophthalmology.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - August 25, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Trainees' Corner Source Type: research

Surg-29. personalizing the decision gross total resection (gtr) in neuro-oncology
CONCLUSION:Our study suggest that surgeons should take tumor histopathology into account when deciding upon the extent of surgical resection of glial tumors and the critical need for real-time intra-operative histologic diagnosis.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen, C., Alattar, A., Schupper, A., Brandel, M., Padwal, J., Hirshman, B., Carter, B. Tags: SURGICAL THERAPY Source Type: research

US Food and Drug Administration regulatory updates in neuro-oncology
ConclusionsDespite the challenges of the past year brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, progress continues to be made in neuro-oncology. These include first-of-their-kind FDA approvals and Guidances that are relevant to the management of patients with nervous system tumors.
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - June 22, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

IgG4-Related Disease: A Neuro-Ophthalmological Perspective
Abstract:Immunoglobulin G4–related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multifocal inflammatory disorder that causes tumefactive lesions with a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4 plasma cells and storiform-pattern fibrosis. The clinical symptoms are relatively mild, and the condition is usually recognized by organ swelling and damage. When referring to the ophthalmic manifestations of IgG4-RD, the term IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is used. IgG4-ROD is characterized by bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement accompanied by 3 distinctive features: infraorbital nerve enlargement, extraocular myositis, and compress...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - December 1, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Tags: State-of-the-Art Review Source Type: research

IgG4-Related Disease: A Neuro-Ophthalmological Perspective
Abstract: Immunoglobulin G4–related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multifocal inflammatory disorder that causes tumefactive lesions with a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate rich in IgG4 plasma cells and storiform-pattern fibrosis. The clinical symptoms are relatively mild, and the condition is usually recognized by organ swelling and damage. When referring to the ophthalmic manifestations of IgG4-RD, the term IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is used. IgG4-ROD is characterized by bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement accompanied by 3 distinctive features: infraorbital nerve enlargement, extraocular myositis, and compres...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - December 1, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Tags: State-of-the-Art Review Source Type: research

Immunotherapy for neuro-oncology: the critical rationale for combinatorial therapy
A successful therapeutic paradigm established historically in oncology involves combining agents with potentially complementary mechanisms of antitumor activity into rationally designed regimens. For example, cocktails of cytotoxic agents, which were carefully designed based on mechanisms of action, dose, and scheduling considerations, have led to dramatic improvements in survival including cures for childhood leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and several other complex cancers. Outcome for glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant CNS cancer, has been more modest, but nonetheless our current standard of care derives from...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - October 29, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Reardon, D. A., Gilbert, M. R., Wick, W., Liau, L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Analysis of soluble interleukin-2 receptor as CSF biomarker for neurosarcoidosis
Conclusions CSF sIL-2R parameters are elevated in patients with neurosarcoidosis, but this finding is not specific for neurosarcoidosis. Nevertheless, CSF sIL-2R parameters may help distinguishing neurosarcoidosis from MS and are associated with clinical, radiologic, and CSF disease activity markers of neurosarcoidosis. Classification of evidence This study provides Class II evidence that CSF sIL-2R parameters distinguish neurosarcoidosis from NINDs and MS.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Otto, C., Wengert, O., Unterwalder, N., Meisel, C., Ruprecht, K. Tags: Article Source Type: research

E-075 neurosarcoidosis presenting as aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: an interesting case and novel treatment
Neurosarcoidosis, the term used for sarcoidosis involving the central nervous system, represents an uncommon form of sarcoidosis, found in a 5% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Clinically evident cerebrovascular involvement in neurosarcoidosis has been reported but appears to be an extremely rare manifestation of neurosarcoidosis. The literature describes these cerebral vasculopathic changes as areas of stenosis and/or vascular irregularity, with clinical manifestations including headache, ischemic stroke, and parenchymal hemorrhage. Neurosarcoidosis has even been described as the etiology for a case of moyamoya synd...
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Gaughen, J. Tags: SNIS 12th Annual Meeting Electronic Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Neurosarcoidosis: Diagnostic Challenges and Mimics A Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNeurosarcoidosis is a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis that is challenging to diagnose. Biopsy confirmation of granulomas is not sufficient, as other granulomatous diseases can present similarly. This review is intended to guide the clinician in identifying key conditions to exclude prior to concluding a diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis.Recent FindingsAlthough new biomarkers are being studied, there are no reliable tests for neurosarcoidosis. Advances in serum testing and imaging have improved the diagnosis for key mimics of neurosarcoidosis in certain clinical scenarios, but biopsy remains an import...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - May 31, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Common Variable Immunodeficiency Mimicking Neurosarcoidosis (P5.171)
CONCLUSION: CVID can mimic neurosarcoidosis clinically, pathologically and radiographically, but is differentiated based on hypogammaglobulinemia observed in CVID. Monthly IVIG and long-term corticosteroids remains the accepted therapy for CVID.Disclosure: Dr. Malhotra has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ramanathan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Agrawal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rana has nothing to disclose. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation for activities with Novartis, Biogen Idec, Teva Neuroscience, and Genzyme Corp. Dr. Scott has received research support from the Pittsburgh Foundation.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Malhotra, K., Ramanathan, S., Agrawal, D., Rana, S., Scott, T. Tags: CNS Diseases and Differential Diagnosis Source Type: research

Punctate enhancement in a patient with neurosarcoidosis: a challenging radiological pattern
Conclusions Perivascular punctate enhancement on MRI has been described in a number of neurological conditions including chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS), isolated angiitis of the CNS, lymphoma, multiple sclerosis and natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Although rare, it can also be observed in patients with neurosarcoidosis. Recognition of punctuate enhancement on brain or spine MRI should expedite further investigations and include work up for this condition. This case emphasises the inclusion of neurosarcoidosis in the...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 8, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Fontes-Villalba, A. A., Parratt, J. D. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Diffuse cerebral neurosarcoidosis mimicking gliomatosis cerebri
A 30-year-old man with a history of bipolar disease presented with 6 months of cognitive decline, unsteady gait, urinary retention, and bilateral upper extremity tremors. Multiple punctate enhancing lesions were seen on brain MRI (figure). Differential diagnosis included infection (viral, tuberculosis, or cryptococcus), toxic leukoencephalopathy, gliomatosis cerebri, angiocentric lymphoma, and neurosarcoidosis. CT chest scan, CSF studies, HIV testing, hepatitis panel, drug screen, and vasculitis panel were negative. Brain biopsy revealed neurosarcoidosis. The patient responded well to high-dose steroids and IV cyclophospha...
Source: Neurology - August 12, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramanathan, R. S., Malhotra, K., Scott, T. Tags: RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

New brain lesions in a patient with sarcoidosis: is it neurosarcoidosis?
We present this case as a diagnostic challenge. New enhancing brain lesions occurring in a patient with long standing sarcoidosis, while likely to be neurosarcoidosis, may be due to a complication of immunosuppressant therapy. The need for early biopsy, if the lesions do not improve, should be considered. PMID: 24751455 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Sarcoidosis Vasculitis and Diffuse Lung Diseases - November 25, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis Source Type: research

Neurosarcoidosis Mimicking the Recurrence of Malignant Lymphoma
A 67-year-old woman with a recurrent history of malignant lymphoma (ML) presented with muscle weakness and paresthesia of the fingertips and feet. Due to the elevated level of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor and increased18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in a mediastinal lymph node, neurolymphomatosis was initially suspected. Neurological and electrophysiological examinations were consistent with mononeuropathy multiplex. A diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis was made based on the presence of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas in the mediastinal lymph node, along with the presence of the uveitis, cardiac inflammation, and mono...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - September 14, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research