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Condition: Obesity

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Total 77257 results found since Jan 2013.

Vascular Smooth Muscle Sirtuin-1 Protects Against Diet-Induced Aortic StiffnessNovelty and Significance Arterial Stiffness
In conclusion, VSM SirT1 activation decreases arterial stiffness in the setting of obesity by stimulating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways in the aorta. SirT1 activators may represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent arterial stiffness and associated cardiovascular complications in overweight/obese individuals with metabolic syndrome.
Source: Hypertension - August 9, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fry, J. L., Al Sayah, L., Weisbrod, R. M., Van Roy, I., Weng, X., Cohen, R. A., Bachschmid, M. M., Seta, F. Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Oxidant Stress, Vascular Biology, Vascular Disease Original Articles Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided costoclavicular approach infraclavicular brachial plexus block for vascular access surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided costoclavicular approach can be an alternative way of providing effective analgesia and safe anesthesia for vascular access surgery of the upper limb. PMID: 28478621 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Vascular Access - May 11, 2017 Category: Surgery Tags: J Vasc Access Source Type: research

No Protective Effect of Constitutive Activation of AMPK in Endothelial Cells on Vascular Function in Aged Obese Mice but Augmented α1-Adrenergic Contractions in Renal Arteries Reversible by Weight Loss
Conclusion: Endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)- and apaminplus charybdotoxin-sensitive relaxations were preserved and similar between aortic or renal arterial preparations of lean and obese CA-AMPK mice and their wild-type littermates. Despite comparable release of vasoconstrictor prostanoids, cyclooxygenase-dependent contractions were enhanced during NO synthase inhibition in carotid arterial rings of obese CA-AMPK mice. Contractions to the α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine were augmented in renal arteries of obese animals, a genotype-independent phenomenon reversible by weight loss. These data indicate a higher...
Source: Journal of Vascular Research - July 11, 2018 Category: Research Source Type: research

FNDC5 inhibits foam cell formation and monocyte adhesion in vascular smooth muscle cells via suppressing NF κB-mediated NLRP3 upregulation.
FNDC5 inhibits foam cell formation and monocyte adhesion in vascular smooth muscle cells via suppressing NFκB-mediated NLRP3 upregulation. Vascul Pharmacol. 2019 Jul 15;:106579 Authors: Zang YH, Chen D, Zhou B, Chen AD, Wang JJ, Gao XY, Chen Q, Li YH, Kang YM, Zhu GQ Abstract Foam cell formation and monocytes adhesion are key events in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important origin of foam cells besides macrophages. Fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5) is a protein, which induces browning of fat and attenuates glucose/lipid metabolic ...
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - July 14, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zang YH, Chen D, Zhou B, Chen AD, Wang JJ, Gao XY, Chen Q, Li YH, Kang YM, Zhu GQ Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vascular Perturbation/Atherosclerosis.
Abstract Atherosclerosis is orchestrated by complex interactions between vascular and inflammatory cells. Traditionally, it has been considered to be an intimal inflammatory disease, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell recruitment, lipid oxidation, and foam cell formation. This inside-out signaling paradigm has been accepted as dogma for many years, despite the fact that inflammatory cells are far more prevalent in the adventitia compared with the intima. For decades, the origin of adventitial inflammation in atherosclerosis was unknown. The fact that these inflammatory cells were observed ...
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - September 2, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Won Kim H, Shi H, Winkler MA, Lee R, Weintraub NL Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Vascular Regenerative Capacity and the Obesity Paradox in Coronary Artery Disease
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is associated with higher CPC counts. The obesity paradox of improved outcomes with obesity in CAD is limited to patients with intact regenerative capacity who have CPC counts.PMID:33853349 | DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315703
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - April 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anurag Mehta Qi Meng Xiaona Li Shivang R Desai Melroy S D'Souza Annie H Ho Shabatun J Islam Devinder S Dhindsa Zakaria Almuwaqqat Aditi Nayak Ayman A Alkhoder Ananya Hooda Anil Varughese Syed F Ahmad Ali Mokhtari Iraj Hesaroieh Laurence S Sperling Yi-An K Source Type: research

Vascular Surgery in Australia and New Zealand (Australasia)
The delivery of vascular surgical services can be challenging. Australia and New Zealand are not immune to many of the global issues facing the international vascular surgery community, especially in this era of a global pandemic. These include the increase in rates of diabetes and obesity, and an ageing population. The change of paradigm in treatment methods, training of vascular surgeons, and the usual limited financial budget to work with are some common themes.
Source: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery - July 19, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Irwin V. Mohan, Manar Khashram, Robert Fitridge Tags: Editorial: Global Tour D'Horizon Source Type: research

Nox2-Derived Superoxide Contributes to Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction in Diet-Induced Obesity Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Endothelial dysfunction produced by a HFD occurs in a temporal manner and appears much earlier in cerebral arterioles than in carotid arteries. Genetic studies revealed that Nox2-derived superoxide plays a major role in endothelial dysfunction produced by a HFD. Such functional changes may serve to predispose blood vessels to reduced vasodilator responses and thus may contribute to alterations in cerebral blood flow associated with obesity.
Source: Stroke - October 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Lynch, C. M., Kinzenbaw, D. A., Chen, X., Zhan, S., Mezzetti, E., Filosa, J., Ergul, A., Faulkner, J. L., Faraci, F. M., Didion, S. P. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Type 2 diabetes, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide, Other Vascular biology Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Links Between Ectopic Fat and Vascular Disease in Humans.
Abstract The average of overweight individual can have differential fat depots in target organs or specific compartments of the body. This ectopic fat distribution may be more of a predictive factor for cardiovascular risk than obesity. Abdominal visceral obesity, a representative ectopic fat, is robustly associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Fat depots in the liver and muscle tissue cause adverse cardiometabolic risk by affecting glucose and lipid metabolism. Pericardial fat and perivascular fat affect coronary atherosclerosis, cardiac function, and hemodynamics. Fat around the neck is assoc...
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - July 17, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lim S, Meigs JB Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Lean and Obese Coronary Perivascular Adipose Tissue Impairs Vasodilation via Differential Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle K+ Channels.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that lean and obese coronary PVAT attenuates vasodilation via inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle K(+) channels and that alterations in specific factors, such as calpastatin are capable of contributing to the initiation or progression of smooth muscle dysfunction in obesity. PMID: 25838427 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - April 2, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Noblet JN, Owen MK, Goodwill AG, Sassoon DJ, Tune JD Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research