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Genetic Reduction of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Rescues Aberrant Angiogenesis Caused by Epsin Deficiency.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide the first genetic demonstration that epsins function specifically to downregulate VEGFR2 by mediating activated VEGFR2 internalization and degradation and that genetic reduction of VEGFR2 level protects against excessive angiogenesis caused by epsin loss. Our findings indicate that epsins may be a potential therapeutic target in conditions in which tightly regulated angiogenesis is crucial, such as in diabetic wound healing and tumors. PMID: 24311377 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - December 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tessneer KL, Pasula S, Cai X, Dong Y, McManus J, Liu X, Yu L, Hahn S, Chang B, Chen Y, Griffin C, Xia L, Adams RH, Chen H Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Changes in Clinical and Microbiological Periodontal Profiles Relate to Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: The Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study Vascular Medicine
Conclusion Longitudinal improvement in clinical and microbial periodontal status is related to a decreased rate of carotid artery IMT progression at 3-year average follow-up.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 28, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Desvarieux, M., Demmer, R. T., Jacobs, D. R., Papapanou, P. N., Sacco, R. L., Rundek, T. Tags: Vascular Medicine Source Type: research

Relation of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in peripheral blood mononuclear cells to vascular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Recent studies have shown mitochondrial dysfunction and increased production of reactive oxygen species in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and endothelial cells from patients with diabetes mellitus. Mitochondria oxygen consumption is coupled to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and also occurs in an uncoupled fashion during formation of reactive oxygen species by components of the electron transport chain and other enzymatic sites. We therefore hypothesized that diabetes would be associated with higher total and uncoupled oxygen consumption in PBMCs that would correlate with endothelial dysfunction. We dev...
Source: Vascular Medicine recent issues - February 20, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Hartman, M.-L., Shirihai, O. S., Holbrook, M., Xu, G., Kocherla, M., Shah, A., Fetterman, J. L., Kluge, M. A., Frame, A. A., Hamburg, N. M., Vita, J. A. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Endothelin-1 Signaling in Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology.
Abstract The discovery of endothelin (ET) in 1988 has led to considerable effort to unravel its implication in health and disease and the mechanisms evoked by ET. ET-1 and related signaling aberrancies are believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, hypertrophy and diabetes. The endothelin system consist of three potent vasoconstrictive isopeptides, ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3, signaling through two G protein coupled receptors, ETA and ETB, which are linked to multiple signaling pathways. Activated signaling transduction pathways include the modu...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - February 26, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sandoval YH, Atef ME, Levesque LO, Li Y, Anand-Srivastava MB Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Pulmonary vascular function in insulin resistance and diabetes.
Abstract Insulin resistance and diabetes are current clinical concerns due to their increasing prevalence in western societies and in developing countries. Cardiovascular alterations, affecting both macro- and microcirculation, are among the major causes of illness and premature death within patients with insulin resistance or diabetes. However, the detrimental effects of insulin resistance and diabetes in the lungs are less clinically apparent, or at least masked by the progression of these metabolic diseases on other target organs. Epidemiological and experimental data suggest a link between pulmonary arterial h...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - May 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Moral-Sanz J, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Perez-Vizcaino F Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Interarm difference in blood pressure: reproducibility and association with peripheral vascular disease.
This study confirmed the presence of a systematic but clinically insignificant difference in systolic blood pressure between arms. The interarm difference was larger in hypertension and PAD. Consistent lateralisation is present for differences ≥20 mmHg and an interarm difference >25 mmHg is a reliable indicator of PAD in the legs. PMID: 24616810 [PubMed]
Source: International Journal of Vascular Medicine - December 1, 2014 Category: Cardiology Tags: Int J Vasc Med Source Type: research

Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Varies Between Vascular Sites and Correlates With Response to Inhibition of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Vascular Medicine
Conclusions While plaque severity was worse in the AAs, inflammatory genes and inflammatory pathways that use Lp-PLA2 were more important in the CORs. Our results suggest fundamental differences in inflammation between vascular sites, an important finding for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fenning, R. S., Burgert, M. E., Hamamdzic, D., Peyster, E. G., Mohler, E. R., Kangovi, S., Jucker, B. M., Lenhard, S. C., Macphee, C. H., Wilensky, R. L. Tags: Vascular Medicine Source Type: research

Neurological complications of vascular access.
Authors: Gibbons CP Abstract Neurological problems are common in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Over 60% of patients will suffer from symptoms of underlying polyneuropathy due to uraemia or diabetes. Others will have subclinical disease demonstrable by nerve conduction studies.Nerve injury following haemodialysis access surgery is underreported. However, sensory nerve lesions are probably common after most vascular access procedures but are rarely debilitating.Nerve compression syndromes such as carpal tunnel and ulnar compression syndromes are common, especially in patients who have been on dialysis for some y...
Source: The Journal of Vascular Access - March 11, 2015 Category: Surgery Tags: J Vasc Access Source Type: research

PKC{varepsilon}-CREB-Nrf2 signalling induces HO-1 in the vascular endothelium and enhances resistance to inflammation and apoptosis
Conclusions PKC activity in the vascular endothelium regulates HO-1 via a pathway requiring CREB1 and Nrf2. Given the potent protective actions of HO-1, we propose that this mechanism is an important contributor to the emerging role of PKC in the maintenance of endothelial homeostasis and resistance to injury.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - May 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mylroie, H., Dumont, O., Bauer, A., Thornton, C. C., Mackey, J., Calay, D., Hamdulay, S. S., Choo, J. R., Boyle, J. J., Samarel, A. M., Randi, A. M., Evans, P. C., Mason, J. C. Tags: Vascular biology Source Type: research

Inactive Matrix Gla-Protein Is Associated With Arterial Stiffness in an Adult Population-Based Study Vascular Structure and Function
In conclusion, high levels of dp-ucMGP are independently and positively associated with arterial stiffness after adjustment for common cardiovascular risk factors, renal function, and age. Experimental studies are needed to determine whether vitamin K supplementation slows arterial stiffening by increasing MGP carboxylation.
Source: Hypertension - June 10, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pivin, E., Ponte, B., Pruijm, M., Ackermann, D., Guessous, I., Ehret, G., Liu, Y.-P., Drummen, N. E. A., Knapen, M. H. J., Pechere-Bertschi, A., Paccaud, F., Mohaupt, M., Vermeer, C., Staessen, J. A., Vogt, B., Martin, P.-Y., Burnier, M., Bochud, M. Tags: Mechanism of atherosclerosis/growth factors, Other Vascular biology Vascular Structure and Function Source Type: research

The role of Vascular Surgeon in promoting vascular health and prevention of cardiovascular events
In the 21st century, peripheral artery disease (PAD) has become a global problem and the number of individuals suffering with PAD has increased by 28.7% in low-income or middle-income countries (LMIC) and 13.1% in high-income countries HIC.1 The major risk factors of PAD that have to be modified during its management are smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT) and hyperlipidemia (HL).1,2,3 In spite of attempts to raise awareness about PAD as an important marker of increased cardiovascular risk, patients are still poorly treated prior to referral to a vascular clinic.
Source: Annals of Vascular Surgery - July 10, 2015 Category: Surgery Authors: Konstantinos Spanos, Athanasios D. Giannoukas Source Type: research

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition by gemigliptin prevents abnormal vascular remodeling via NF-E2-related factor 2 activation.
Abstract Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors exert a potent anti-hyperglycemic effect and reduce cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients. Several studies have shown that DPP-4 inhibitors including sitagliptin have beneficial effects in atherosclerosis and cardiac infarction involving reactive oxygen species. Here, we show that gemigliptin can directly attenuate the abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via enhanced NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Gemigliptin dramatically prevented ligation injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia in mouse carotid arteries. ...
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - July 15, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Choi SH, Park S, Oh CJ, Leem J, Park KG, Lee IK Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Optimizing vascular access in the elderly: words we use affect patient care.
Authors: Davidson I, Gallieni M Abstract Age is commonly used as guidance in a variety of life activities having extensive influence on people's lives from social to legal aspects. Health care is no exception, where treatment is often subliminally declined as a certain age is reached, mainly for economic reasons. Humans age at different and unpredicted rates, related to the development of co-morbid conditions, most notably diabetes and cardio-vascular pathology. The way we think about age and being old greatly affects how we will choose between the treatment options. Instead, if we consider the disease or diagnosis...
Source: The Journal of Vascular Access - September 12, 2015 Category: Surgery Tags: J Vasc Access Source Type: research

Standard procedures of endovascular treatment for vascular access stenosis in our facility - clinical usefulness of ultrasonography.
Authors: Sato T, Tsuboi M, Onogi T, Miwa N, Sakurai H, Ookubo K, Matsubara C, Kasuga H Abstract In Japan, the number of patients receiving dialysis is 314,180 at the end of 2013 and 97% are treated with hemodialysis. And the mean age of patients and the percentage of diabetes have been increasing. For this reason, preparations of a new vascular access (VA) and its long-term maintenance have become difficult. In the guidelines by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT), endovascular treatment (ET) is positioned as the first line for VA stenosis. The procedure of ET itself is very simple. The revision of Jap...
Source: The Journal of Vascular Access - September 12, 2015 Category: Surgery Tags: J Vasc Access Source Type: research

Peripheral Arterial Disease Procedural Rates and Periprocedural Mortality Among Medicare Diabetics
Patients with concomitant diabetes and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are a challenging population for vascular surgeons. With multiple treatment and evaluation modalities now routinely practiced for PAD, we sought to examine vascular procedural rates and periprocedural mortality in this traditionally high-risk cohort.
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - September 23, 2015 Category: Surgery Authors: Emily Spangler, Robert W. Chang, Philip P. Goodney Tags: Abstract from the 2015 New England Society for Vascular Surgery Annual Meeting Source Type: research