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Condition: Hypertension
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Total 86915 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract 49: Targeting Endothelial Cells with HO-1 Attenuated Vascular and Adipocyte Dysfunction in Mice Fed High Fat Diet Oral Session VI: Concurrent B Vascular Remodeling and Dysfunction
Conclusion: Targeting HO-1 to ECs resulted in the attenuation of blood pressure and the prevention of body weight gain resulting in increased ANG-1, PDGF, and VGEF levels and the reprogramming of MSCs derived adipocytes to produce healthy and smaller adipocytes with the release of adiponectin.
Source: Hypertension - October 30, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim, D. H., Getty, M. S., Stec, D. E., Abraham, N. G. Tags: Oral Session VI: Concurrent B Vascular Remodeling and Dysfunction Source Type: research
L-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitor Diltiazem Prevents Aneurysm Formation by Blood Pressure-Independent Anti-Inflammatory Effects Vascular Inflammation
Formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms is a progressive inflammatory process that involves infiltration and differentiation of monocytes in the vessel wall, proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells, and eventually the degradation of the internal elastic lamina, which leads to outward vascular remodeling and distension of the vessel. Because calcium channel blockers exert multiple beneficial effects on the vascular system, we investigated the effect of the benzothiazepine-type calcium channel blocker diltiazem on aneurysm formation in a mouse model. Angiotensin II infusion induced massive suprarenal aortic aneury...
Source: Hypertension - November 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mieth, A., Revermann, M., Babelova, A., Weigert, A., Schermuly, R. T., Brandes, R. P. Tags: Vascular Inflammation Source Type: research
Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Deficiency Potentiates Dysregulatory Modifications of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Vascular Dysfunction in Aging Endothelium
Recently, we demonstrated that gene ablation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 markedly contributed to age-related vascular dysfunction and mitochondrial oxidative stress. The present study has sought to investigate the extent of vascular dysfunction and oxidant formation in glutathione peroxidase-1–deficient (GPx-1–/–) mice during the aging process with special emphasis on dysregulation (uncoupling) of the endothelial NO synthase. GPx-1–/– mice on a C57 black 6 (C57BL/6) background at 2, 6, and 12 months of age were used. Vascular function was signif...
Source: Hypertension - January 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Oelze, M., Kroller-Schon, S., Steven, S., Lubos, E., Doppler, C., Hausding, M., Tobias, S., Brochhausen, C., Li, H., Torzewski, M., Wenzel, P., Bachschmid, M., Lackner, K. J., Schulz, E., Munzel, T., Daiber, A. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Source Type: research
Histone Deacetylase 4 Controls Neointimal Hyperplasia via Stimulating Proliferation and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Vascular Biology
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are transcriptional coregulators. Recently, we demonstrated that HDAC4, one of class IIa family members, promotes reactive oxygen species–dependent vascular smooth muscle inflammation and mediates development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pathogenesis of hypertension is, in part, modulated by vascular structural remodeling via proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Thus, we examined whether HDAC4 controls SMC proliferation and migration. In rat mesenteric arterial SMCs, small interfering RNA against HDAC4 inhibited platelet-derived growth...
Source: Hypertension - January 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Usui, T., Morita, T., Okada, M., Yamawaki, H. Tags: Remodeling, Animal models of human disease, Smooth muscle proliferation and differentiation, Other Vascular biology Source Type: research
Vascular Dysfunction and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Role of Redox Balance Clinical Trial
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by low pulmonary function, inflammation, free radical production, vascular dysfunction, and subsequently a greater incidence of cardiovascular disease. By administering an acute oral antioxidant cocktail to patients with COPD (n=30) and controls (n=30), we sought to determine the role of redox balance in the vascular dysfunction of these patients. Using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design, patients with COPD and controls were ingested placebo or the antioxidant cocktail (vitamin C, vitamin E, α-lipoic acid) after which brachial...
Source: Hypertension - February 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ives, S. J., Harris, R. A., Witman, M. A. H., Fjeldstad, A. S., Garten, R. S., McDaniel, J., Wray, D. W., Richardson, R. S. Tags: Other Treatment, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Clinical Trial Source Type: research
Smooth Muscle Cell Mineralocorticoid Receptors Are Mandatory for Aldosterone-Salt to Induce Vascular Stiffness Arterial Stiffness
Arterial stiffness is recognized as a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases. Aldosterone via its binding to and activation of the mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) is a main regulator of blood pressure by controlling renal sodium reabsorption. Although both clinical and experimental data indicate that MR activation by aldosterone is involved in arterial stiffening, the molecular mechanism is not known. In addition to the kidney, MR is expressed in both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), but the specific contribution of the VSMC MR to aldosterone-induced vascular stiffness remains to be explored. T...
Source: Hypertension - February 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Galmiche, G., Pizard, A., Gueret, A., El Moghrabi, S., Ouvrard-Pascaud, A., Berger, S., Challande, P., Jaffe, I. Z., Labat, C., Lacolley, P., Jaisser, F. Tags: Remodeling, Peripheral vascular disease Arterial Stiffness Source Type: research
Lower dairy products and calcium intake is associated with adverse retinal vascular changes in older adults
Conclusions: A significant association was observed between lower intake of dairy products or calcium and adverse retinal vascular signs. We cannot discount the possibility of confounding from unmeasured risk factors; hence, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Source: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD - January 13, 2014 Category: Nutrition Authors: B. Gopinath, V.M. Flood, J.J. Wang, G. Burlutsky, P. Mitchell Tags: Electrolyte intake, blood pressure and vascular changes Source Type: research
An Ongoing Role of {alpha}-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide as Part of a Protective Network Against Hypertension, Vascular Hypertrophy, and Oxidative Stress Oxidative Stress
α-Calcitonin gene–related peptide (αCGRP) is a vasodilator, but there is limited knowledge of its long-term cardiovascular protective influence. We hypothesized that αCGRP protects against the onset and development of angiotensin II–induced hypertension and have identified protective mechanisms at the vascular level. Wild-type and αCGRP knockout mice that have similar baseline blood pressure were investigated in the angiotensin II hypertension model for 14 and 28 days. αCGRP knockout mice exhibited enhanced hypertension and aortic hypertrophy. αCGRP gene expression was increa...
Source: Hypertension - April 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Smillie, S.-J., King, R., Kodji, X., Outzen, E., Pozsgai, G., Fernandes, E., Marshall, N., de Winter, P., Heads, R. J., Dessapt-Baradez, C., Gnudi, L., Sams, A., Shah, A. M., Siow, R. C., Brain, S. D. Tags: Remodeling, Hypertrophy, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Oxidative Stress Source Type: research
Vascular Artifact Mimicking Thrombosis on MR Imaging Using Ferumoxytol as a Contrast Agent in Abdominal Vascular Assessment
Abstract: Purpose: To describe an artifact that mimics thrombosis when assessing abdominal vasculature on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using ferumoxytol in patients with contraindications to gadolinium-based contrast agents and to evaluate factors that may contribute to this artifact.Materials and Methods: Three radiologists in consensus retrospectively evaluated 61 abdominal MR imaging examinations using ferumoxytol as an intravenous contrast agent for the presence of an observed artifact that can mimic thrombosis. Patient demographics and contrast agent bolus concentrations were compared with an unpaired Wilcoxon sign...
Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR - March 14, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Ghaneh Fananapazir, Daniele Marin, Paul V. Suhocki, Charles Y. Kim, Mustafa R. Bashir Source Type: research
Perivascular adipose tissue, inflammation and vascular dysfunction in obesity.
Abstract
Adipocytes are no longer considered just as cells related to storage of energy and thermoregulation. Now we know that they release a huge number of paracrine and endocrine biologically active molecules. This is also the case for perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) that surrounds almost all blood vessels in the organism. PVAT secretes the so-called adipo(cyto)kines that, because of its proximity, can easily influence vascular smooth muscle cells. The role of PVAT on vascular function can be both protective and deleterious. Normal healthy PVAT, as present in lean subjects, helps to keep the blood vessels dil...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - May 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: de Voorde JV, Boydens C, Pauwels B, Decaluwe K Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research
A nurse-run clinic for patients with incidentally discovered small abdominal aortic aneurysms is feasible and cost-effective.
CONCLUSIONS: A nurse-run clinic that assesses patients with incidentally discovered small AAAs for inclusion in AAA surveillance is a feasible alternative to assessment of these patients in a consultant-run clinic.
PMID: 24875184 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vascular - May 29, 2014 Category: Surgery Authors: Griffin J, Clarke G, Roake J, Lewis D Tags: Vascular Source Type: research
Short-term physical inactivity impairs vascular function
Conclusions: Our findings show that acute exposure to sedentarism results in decreased endothelial function, arterial stiffening, increased diastolic blood pressure, and an increase in 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. We speculate that inactivity promotes a vascular “deconditioning” state characterized by impaired endothelial function, leading to arterial stiffness and increased arterial tone. Although physiologically significant, the underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of these findings need to be further explored.
Source: Journal of Surgical Research - February 14, 2014 Category: Surgery Authors: Emily V. Nosova, Priscilla Yen, Karen C. Chong, Hugh F. Alley, Eveline O. Stock, Alex Quinn, Jason Hellmann, Michael S. Conte, Christopher D. Owens, Matthew Spite, S. Marlene Grenon Tags: Vascular Source Type: research
Perivascular Adipose Tissue, Potassium Channels, and Vascular Dysfunction.
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue has been recognized unequivocally as a major player in the pathology of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Through its production of adipokines and the release of other thus far unidentified factors, this recently discovered adipose tissue modulates vascular regulation and the myogenic response. After the discovery of its ability to diminish the vessel's response to vasoconstrictors, a new paradigm established adipose-derived relaxing factor as a paracrine smooth muscle cells' potassium channel opener that could potentially help combat vascular dysfunction. This review will...
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - July 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tano JY, Schleifenbaum J, Gollasch M Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research
Interference With Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} in Vascular Smooth Muscle Causes Baroreflex Impairment and Autonomic Dysfunction Nervous System
In conclusion, S-P467L mice exhibit baroreflex dysfunction because of a defect in the afferent limb of the baroreflex arc caused by impaired vascular function, altered vascular structure, or compromised neurovascular coupling. These findings implicate vascular smooth muscle peroxisome proliferator activated receptor- as a critical determinant of neurovascular signaling.
Source: Hypertension - August 13, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Borges, G. R., Morgan, D. A., Ketsawatsomkron, P., Mickle, A. D., Thompson, A. P., Cassell, M. D., Mohapatra, D. P., Rahmouni, K., Sigmund, C. D. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Functional genomics, Peripheral vascular disease, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Nervous System Source Type: research
Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} in Vascular Muscle in the Cerebral Circulation Cerebral Circulation
We examined the hypothesis that selective interference with PPAR in vascular muscle would impair NO-dependent responses and augment vasoconstrictor responses in the cerebral circulation. We studied mice expressing a dominant negative mutation in human PPAR (P467L) under the control of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain promoter (S-P467L). In S-P467L mice, dilator responses to exogenously applied or endogenously produced NO were greatly impaired in cerebral arteries in vitro and in small cerebral arterioles in vivo. Select NO-independent responses, including vasodilation to low concentrations of potassium, were also impai...
Source: Hypertension - October 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: De Silva, T. M., Modrick, M. L., Ketsawatsomkron, P., Lynch, C., Chu, Y., Pelham, C. J., Sigmund, C. D., Faraci, F. M. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide Cerebral Circulation Source Type: research
