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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis B

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Total 12620 results found since Jan 2013.

Seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica in a Case of Undiagnosed Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Neuro-Rheumatological Conundrum
In this study, a 35-year-old Indian man with an undiagnosed progressive axial spondyloarthropathy (i.e., AS) is reported presenting with acute-onset longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, a clinical subset of NMOSD. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a primary demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), is an autoimmune astrocytopathy against foot processes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels, which manifests with optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), area-postrema syndrome, brainstem syndrome diencephalic syndrome, and cerebral syndrome.1-4 Ankylosing spo...
Source: Herpes - July 22, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ritwik Ghosh Md Devlina Roy Mois és León-Ruiz Shambaditya Das Souvik Dubey Juli án Benito-León Source Type: research

Routine childhood vaccination programme coverage, El Salvador, 2011-In search of timeliness.
Abstract While assessing immunization programmes, not only vaccination coverage is important, but also timely receipt of vaccines. We estimated both vaccination coverage and timeliness, as well as reasons for non-vaccination, and identified predictors of delayed or missed vaccination, for vaccines of the first two years of age, in El Salvador. We conducted a cluster survey among children aged 23-59 months. Caregivers were interviewed about the child immunization status and their attitudes towards immunization. Vaccination dates were obtained from children immunization cards at home or at health facilities. We refe...
Source: Vaccine - December 3, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Suárez-Castaneda E, Pezzoli L, Elas M, Baltrons R, Crespin-Elías EO, Pleitez OA, de Campos MI, Danovaro-Holliday MC Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

The search is on for a hepatitis B drug, thanks to a million dollars in NIH grants to SLU
(Saint Louis University) Two grants from the National Institutes of Health will allow Saint Louis University researchers to build on breakthroughs in understanding the hepatitis B virus and begin the search for a drug to cure -- not just halt -- the illness.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - March 25, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Search for a cure for chronic hepatitis B infection: How close are we?
Authors: Phyo WW, Soh AY, Lim SG, Lee GH Abstract Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a significant unmet medical need, with 240 million chronically infected persons worldwide. It can be controlled effectively with either nucleoside/nucleotide-based or interferon-based therapies. However, most patients receiving these therapies will relapse after treatment withdrawal. During recent years, the advances in molecular biology and immunology have enabled a better understanding of the viral-host interaction and inspired new treatment approaches to achieve either elimination of the virus from the liver or durable immune con...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - May 30, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: World J Hepatol Source Type: research

Current status of immunomodulatory therapy in chronic hepatitis B, fifty years after discovery of the virus: search for the "magic bullet" to kill cccDNA.
This article forms part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on "An unfinished story: from the discovery of the Australia antigen to the development of new curative therapies for hepatitis". PMID: 26476376 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antiviral Research - October 14, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Zhang E, Kosinska A, Lu M, Yan H, Roggendorf M Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Search of Hepatitis-B infection in relatives of chronic carriers in the province of Huanta, Ayacucho, Peru.
In conclusion, we found a high frequency of HBV in relatives of carriers of HBsAg. This strategy would help identify chronic carriers that can be treated and to contribute to a plan for the elimination of HBV. PMID: 30726419 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista Peruana de Medicina de Experimental y Salud Publica - February 7, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica Source Type: research

Fifty years in search of selective antiviral drugs.
Abstract Fifty years of research (1968-2018) towards the identification of selective antiviral drugs have been primarily focused on antiviral compounds active against DNA viruses [i.e. herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), hepatitis B virus (HBV)] and retroviruses [i.e. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)]. For the treatment of HSV infections the aminoacyl esters of acyclovir were designed, one of which (the valine ester valacyclovir) became the successor of acyclovir in the treatment of HSV and VZV infections. BVDU (Brivudin) still stands out as the most effective among t...
Source: Herpes - April 1, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: De Clercq E Tags: J Med Chem Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diagnostic Biomarkers to Diagnose Acute Allograft Rejection After Liver Transplantation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies
Conclusion: IL-2 receptor expression demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy, while the peripheral eosinophil count was the only marker tested in more than one study. Presently, liver biopsy remains superior to noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers as most studies exhibited inferior designs, hindering possible translation into clinical application. Introduction Liver transplantation (LT) exhibits 20-year survival rates of up to 50% (1) and is of great clinical importance. LT is the treatment of choice for acute or acute-on-chronic liver failure, while organ replacement therapies are still waiting for the break (2)...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Biogenesis and Function of Circular RNAs in Health and in Disease
Conclusion The elucidation of the function of circRNAs is an emerging field of science with a tremendous potential after previously being dismissed as RNA artifacts. They are ubiquitously expressed and thousands of members have already been identified. This fact only expands their potential to possibly enhance our knowledge to understand the difference between health and disease. Owing to their structure stability and their presence in exosomes circRNAs may also exert their function in an autocrine, paracrine and possible endocrine fashion. In addition, the fact that circRNAs are widely distributed in the cellular compart...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 25, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Developmental Consequences of Prenatal Telbivudine Exposure during the Third Trimester
Background& Aims Fewer data exist on neuro-mental development after fetal exposure to telbivudine. We investigated the developmental consequences of infants from mothers that received telbivudine treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods CHB mothers with high viral load at gestational week 28 were assigned to receive either telbivudine (LdT) or usual care without antiviral therapy, based on the mothers ’ preference. Their infants were followed for 52 weeks to assess physical and neuro-metal development with Gesell Developmental Schedule tools.
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - May 2, 2020 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Calvin Q. Pan, Ming-Hui Li, Hui-Hui Zeng, Ying Zhang, Wei-Hua Cao, Ying Wang, Ming-Fang Zhou, Yu-Hong Hu, Gang Wan, Yao Xie, Wei Yi Source Type: research

Optimization of a cellular HBV infection model for use in high-throughput drug screening
In this study, we optimized an in vitro HBV infection model consisting of two cell lines: HepAD38 cells, which are able to produce infectious HBV; and HepG2-NTCP cells, which are susceptible to HBV infection. We showed that prolonged production of HBV in the "donor" cells and HBV inoculation of the "acceptor" cells simultaneously with seeding improves the established procedure. This modified protocol was proven effective in experiments involving compounds with known activity against HBV, suggesting its utility for future high-throughput screening. Keywords: HBV; HBV in vitro models; HepG2-NTCP; HepAD38.PMID:33827225 | DOI:10.4149/av_2021_110
Source: Acta Virologica - April 8, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nadezhda P Kartashova Svetlana I Iarovenko Ekaterina A Glubokova Ilya A Potemkin Anastasia A Karlsen Irina A Leneva Karen K Kyuregyan Alexey A Ryakhovskiy Mikhail I Mikhailov Source Type: research