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Management: Economy
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Human skeletal muscle metabolic economy in vivo: effects of contraction intensity, age, and mobility impairment
We tested the hypothesis that older muscle has greater metabolic economy (ME) in vivo than young, in a manner dependent, in part, on contraction intensity. Twenty young (Y; 24 ± 1 yr, 10 women), 18 older healthy (O; 73 ± 2, 9 women) and 9 older individuals with mild-to-moderate mobility impairment (OI; 74 ± 1, 7 women) received stimulated twitches (2 Hz, 3 min) and performed nonfatiguing voluntary (20, 50, and 100% maximal; 12 s each) isometric dorsiflexion contractions. Torque-time integrals (TTI; Nm·s) were calculated and expressed relative to maximal fat-free muscle cross-sectional area (cm2)...
Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - November 1, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Christie, A. D., Tonson, A., Larsen, R. G., DeBlois, J. P., Kent, J. A. Tags: Obesity, Diabetes and Energy Homeostasis Source Type: research
Farm animal models of organic dust exposure and toxicity: insights and implications for respiratory health
This article reviews literature regarding constituents of farm animal production facility dusts, animal responses to production building and organic dust exposure, and the effect of chronic inhalation exposure on pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation.
Recent findings: Porcine models of production facility and organic dust exposures reveal striking similarities to observations of human cells, tissues, and clinical data. Oxidative stress plays a key role in mediating respiratory diseases in animals and humans, and enhancement of antioxidant levels through nutritional supplements can improve respiratory health.
Summary:...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 27, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: Edited by Susan M. Tarlo and Piero Maestrelli Source Type: research
Paternal age and mental health of offspring
The influence of paternal age on the risk for sporadic forms of Mendelian disorders is well known, but a burgeoning recent literature demonstrates, in addition, a paternal age effect for complex neuropsychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder, and even for learning potential, expressed as intelligence. Mental illness is costly to patients, their family, and the public health system, accounting for the largest portion of disability costs in our economy. The delayed onset of neuropsychiatric conditions and lack of physical manifestations at birth are common frequencies in the population that ha...
Source: Fertility and Sterility - May 5, 2015 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Dolores Malaspina, Caitlin Gilman, Thorsten Manfred Kranz Tags: Views and reviews Source Type: research
Demographic Risk Factors for Alcohol-Related Aggression In and Around Licensed Venues
Conclusions
ARA among patrons was significantly more likely to occur among men, those in blue collar occupations, and individuals living in low SES areas, suggesting both individual and area-level disadvantage may play a role in ARA.
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - February 10, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Zinkiewicz, L., Curtis, A., Meurer, H., Miller, P. Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POLICY Source Type: research
Short-term and long-term effects of GDP on traffic deaths in 18 OECD countries, 1960-2011
Conclusions
An increase in GDP leads to an immediate increase in traffic deaths. However, after the mid-1970s this short-term effect is more than outweighed by a markedly stronger protective long-term effect, whereas the reverse is true for the period before the mid-1970s.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - January 9, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Dadgar, I., Norström, T. Tags: Population level characteristics and health Source Type: research
Closing Kynect and Restructuring Medicaid Threaten Kentucky's Health and Economy
This article describes Kynect and the Kentucky Medicaid expansion and examines the potential short-term and long-term impacts that may occur following changes in state health policy. Furthermore, this article will offer potential strategies to ameliorate the expected negative impacts of disruption of both Kynect and the Medicaid expansion, such as the creation of a new state insurance marketplace under a new governor, the implementation of a private option, and increasing the state minimum wage for workers.
Source: Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law - July 20, 2017 Category: Health Management Authors: Wright, C. B., Vanderford, N. L. Tags: Health Policy & Education, Political Science, General, Public Policy The Politics and Policy of Health Reform Source Type: research
Monobloc Reconstruction of Dome, Medial Crura, and Columella with Gamma-Shaped Costal Cartilage Graft
Summary:
In severe nasal deformities, the original cartilages are removed, or they become unusable because of previous operations. Costal cartilage (CC) is one of the most important tools for the replacement of deficient nasal osteocartilaginous framework. In 4 secondary and 1 tertiary rhinoplasty cases with severe deformities of medial and lateral crura of the lower lateral cartilages, we have prepared a long strut graft from a CC and then split the graft tip 5–6 mm vertically into 2 equal halves to create a gamma (υ)-shaped strut graft. We have sutured the base of this graft to the nasal spine and/or the bases of ...
Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open - December 1, 2017 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Tags: Ideas and Innovations Source Type: research
Spine morphology and energetics: how principles from nature apply to robotics
Inspired by the locomotive advantages that an articulated spine enables in quadrupedal animals, we
explore and quantify the energetic effect that an articulated spine has in legged robots. We compare
two model instances of a conceptual planar quadruped: one with a traditional rigid main body and one
with an articulated main body with an actuated spinal joint. Both models feature four distinct legs,
series elastic actuation, distributed mass in all body segments, and limits on actuator torque and
speed. Using optimal control to find the energetically optimal joint trajectories, actuator inputs,
and footfall timing, we...
Source: Bioinspiration and Biomimetics - March 14, 2018 Category: Science Authors: Yevgeniy Yesilevskiy, William Yang and C David Remy Source Type: research
Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels of middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women in Shandong Province
This study aimed to estimate the relationship of the age, gender, and gluc...
Source: Lipids in Health and Disease - March 4, 2019 Category: Lipidology Authors: Meijian Wang, Xinguo Hou, Wenchao Hu, Li Chen and Shihong Chen Tags: Research Source Type: research
Antiretroviral treatment, government policy and economy of HIV/AIDS in Brazil: is it time for HIV cure in the country?
Brazil is a low-and-middle income country (LMIC) that, despite having a large population and continental dimensions, has been able to successfully fight HIV/AIDS through a number of governmental and societal m...
Source: AIDS Research and Therapy - August 14, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Adele S. Benzaken, Gerson F. M. Pereira, Lendel Costa, Amilcar Tanuri, Andr é F. Santos and Marcelo A. Soares Tags: Review Source Type: research
How healthy is a ‘healthy economy’? Incompatibility between current pathways towards SDG3 and SDG8
The interconnections between health and the economy are well known and well documented. The funding gap for realizing SDG3 for good health and well-being, however, remains vast. Simultaneously, economic growth...
Source: Globalization and Health - December 2, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Mariska Meurs, Lisa Seidelmann and Myria Koutsoumpa Tags: Research Source Type: research
Circular economy and environmental health in low- and middle-income countries
The circular economy framework for human production and consumption is an alternative to the traditional, linear concept of ‘take, make, and dispose’. Circular economy (CE) principles comprise of ‘design out w...
Source: Globalization and Health - December 18, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Caradee Y. Wright, Linda Godfrey, Giovanna Armiento, Lorren K. Haywood, Roula Inglesi-Lotz, Katrina Lyne and Patricia Nayna Schwerdtle Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Application of the Chinese version of the addiction profile index (API) in drug users: an analysis of validity and measurement invariance across genders
In China, substance use disorders represent a significant burden on public health and the economy. However, while the range of drugs and drug markets expands and diversifies, the instruments available to evalu...
Source: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy - April 9, 2020 Category: Addiction Authors: Huiyuan Gao, Meizhu Liu, Xu Luo, Jun Zhang and Taisheng Cai Tags: Research Source Type: research
Covid-19 Has Accelerated New Agtech Development and Adoption in Asia-Pacific!
By Paul S. Teng and Genevieve Donnellon-MaySINGAPORE, Dec 20 2021 (IPS) While the COVID-19 impact has been predominantly negative, the pandemic appears to have sparked increased interest in developing agricultural technology (agtech) to improve the efficiency of food systems, from input supplies through farming and processing to delivery and retail.
Paul S. TengThe COVID-19 pandemic has admittedly upended economic activity in the Asia-Pacific region, but a recent event in Singapore (Asia-Pacific Agri-Food Innovation Summit, 16-18 November 2021 — https://agrifoodinnovation.com/ ) showed that, in the case of agricultu...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - December 20, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Paul S. Teng and Genevieve Donnellon-May Tags: Asia-Pacific COVID-19 Development & Aid Economy & Trade Environment Food and Agriculture Food Security and Nutrition Food Sustainability Headlines Health Humanitarian Emergencies TerraViva United Nations IPS UN Bureau Source Type: news
