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Nonlinear Neural Patterns Are Revealed In High Frequency Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis
Brain Res Bull. 2023 Sep 14:110759. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110759. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFunctional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool for measuring hemoglobin concentration. Linear theory of the hemodynamic response function supports low frequency analysis ( < 0.2 Hz). However, we hypothesized that nonlinearities, arising from the complex neurovascular interactions sustaining vasomotor tone, may be revealed in higher frequency components of fNIRS signals. To test this hypothesis, we simulated nonlinear hemodynamic models to explore how blood flow autoregulation changes may alter evoke...
Source: Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ameer Ghouse Diego Candia Rivera Gaetano Valenza Source Type: research
Chronic memantine disrupts spatial memory and up-regulates Htr1a gene expression in the hippocampus of GPR39 (zinc-sensing receptor) KO male mice
We report: no effects of acute memantine on ELM; a tendency to improve the "where?" component of ELM in both WT and GPR39 KO mice following 12 days of memantine; and, a disruption of SM in GPR39KO mice after 24 days of memantine treatment. The latter result was associated with upregulation of Htr1a hippocampal expression.PMID:37716463 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148577
Source: Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Michal Rychlik Joanna Starnowska-Sokol Katarzyna Mlyniec Source Type: research
Microvascular blood-brain barrier alterations in isolated brain capillaries of mice over-expressing alpha-synuclein (Thy1-aSyn line 61)
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Sep 14:106298. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106298. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is suggested to play a critical role in the pathological mechanisms of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD-related pathology such as alpha-synuclein accumulation and inflammatory processes potentially affect the integrity of the BBB early in disease progression, which in turn may alter the crosstalk of the central and peripheral immune response. Importantly, BBB dysfunction could also affect drug response in PD. Here we analyzed microvascular changes in isolated brain capillaries and brain ...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Kristina Lau Lisa T Porschen Franziska Richter Birthe Gericke Source Type: research
Aberrant splicing of mutant huntingtin in Huntington's disease knock-in pigs
In this study, HTT exon1 production was examined in the HD knock-in (KI) pig model, which more closely recapitulates neuropathology seen in HD patient brains than HD mouse models. The study revealed that aberrant spliced HTT exon1 is also present in the brains of HD pigs, but it is expressed at a much lower level than the normally spliced HTT exon products. These findings suggest that careful consideration is needed when assessing the contribution of aberrantly spliced mHTT exon1 to HD pathogenesis, and further rigorous investigation is required.PMID:37716514 | DOI:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106291
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Huichun Tong Tianqi Yang Li Liu Caijuan Li Yize Sun Qingqing Jia Yiyang Qin Laiqiang Chen Xianxian Zhao Gongke Zhou Sen Yan Xiao-Jiang Li Shihua Li Source Type: research
The value of continuing research on epidemiology of cerebral palsy (CP) - What have we learned?
Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2023 Sep 9:S1090-3798(23)00137-X. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.09.004. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37716822 | DOI:10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.09.004
Source: European Journal of Paediatric Neurology - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Antigone S Papavasiliou Dimitrios Zafeiriou Source Type: research
Sevoflurane-induced hypotension causes cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal inflammation in mice
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Sep 14:114672. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114672. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSevoflurane commonly adopted for anesthetic in clinical practice, however, its influences on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function remain controversial. Herein, the sevoflurane-induced hypotension on arterial blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, cognitive function, and hippocampal inflammation was investigated in mice. A significant decrease in arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow was indicated by the sevoflurane anesthesia treatment. Moreover, sevoflurane-induced hypotension was associated with the impaired c...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuelian Luo Jiayi Liu Yu Hong Shuling Peng Shiyu Meng Source Type: research
Effect of auditory deprivation on adaptive locomotion: Interaction with lower visual field occlusion
This study aimed to investigate whether auditory deprivation affects adaptive locomotion. In particular, we aimed to elucidate the role of the auditory sense in obstacle avoidance by manipulating the visual field, which provides crucial sensory information for movement control. Sixteen participants approached a 15-cm obstacle located 6m away and stepped over it under four different conditions that combined two factors: the hearing condition controlled by wearing earmuffs with and without holes, and the lower visual field condition controlled by carrying opaque white and transparent boards. Spatiotemporal variables during t...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryota Sakurai Yuka Miura Kentaro Kodama Masahiro Fujimoto Source Type: research
Metacognition and sense of agency
Cognition. 2023 Sep 14;241:105622. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105622. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIntelligent agents need to understand how they can change the world, and how they cannot change it, in order to make rational decisions for their forthcoming actions, and to adapt to their current environment. Previous research on the sense of agency, based largely on subjective ratings, failed to dissociate the sensitivity of sense of agency (i.e., the extent to which individual sense of agency tracks actual instrumental control over external events) from judgment criteria (i.e., the extent to which individuals self-attr...
Source: Cognition - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Wen Wen Lucie Charles Patrick Haggard Source Type: research
Divergences in color perception between deep neural networks and humans
Cognition. 2023 Sep 14;241:105621. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105621. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDeep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly proposed as models of human vision, bolstered by their impressive performance on image classification and object recognition tasks. Yet, the extent to which DNNs capture fundamental aspects of human vision such as color perception remains unclear. Here, we develop novel experiments for evaluating the perceptual coherence of color embeddings in DNNs, and we assess how well these algorithms predict human color similarity judgments collected via an online survey. We find that stat...
Source: Cognition - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ethan O Nadler Elise Darragh-Ford Bhargav Srinivasa Desikan Christian Conaway Mark Chu Tasker Hull Douglas Guilbeault Source Type: research
Multiple predictions during language comprehension: Friends, foes, or indifferent companions?
Cognition. 2023 Sep 14;241:105602. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105602. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo comprehend language, we continually use prior context to pre-activate expected upcoming information, resulting in facilitated processing of incoming words that confirm these predictions. But what are the consequences of disconfirming prior predictions? To address this question, most previous studies have examined unpredictable words appearing in contexts that constrain strongly for a single continuation. However, during natural language processing, it is far more common to encounter contexts that constrain for multiple...
Source: Cognition - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Trevor Brothers Emily Morgan Anthony Yacovone Gina Kuperberg Source Type: research
Nonlinear Neural Patterns Are Revealed In High Frequency Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis
Brain Res Bull. 2023 Sep 14:110759. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110759. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFunctional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool for measuring hemoglobin concentration. Linear theory of the hemodynamic response function supports low frequency analysis ( < 0.2 Hz). However, we hypothesized that nonlinearities, arising from the complex neurovascular interactions sustaining vasomotor tone, may be revealed in higher frequency components of fNIRS signals. To test this hypothesis, we simulated nonlinear hemodynamic models to explore how blood flow autoregulation changes may alter evoke...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ameer Ghouse Diego Candia Rivera Gaetano Valenza Source Type: research
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the psychiatric post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A one-year retrospective cohort analysis of 33,908 patients
CONCLUSION: Omega-3 PUFAs may require re-evaluation as a preventive strategy against adverse mental health outcomes post-COVID-19 in placebo-controlled clinical trials.PMID:37716377 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.008
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ting-Hui Liu Chung-Han Ho Daniel Tzu-Li Chen Jheng-Yan Wu Po-Yu Huang Chih-Cheng Lai Kuang-Yang Hsieh Kuan-Pin Su Source Type: research
CircNCOA4 knockdown attenuates OGD-induced neuron injury through miR-338-5p/PDE4B axis
Exp Brain Res. 2023 Sep 16. doi: 10.1007/s00221-023-06702-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been revealed to be involved in the pathology of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Herein, we aimed to study the role and mechanism of circNCOA4 in ischemic stroke. The neuron-like cell line SK-N-SH of the experiment group was cultured in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) condition. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. The oxidative damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were analyzed by measuring the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondia...
Source: Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Danyang Wang Sai Xiao Xiaoming Li Wenbo Qi Source Type: research
Sevoflurane-induced hypotension causes cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal inflammation in mice
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Sep 14:114672. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114672. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSevoflurane commonly adopted for anesthetic in clinical practice, however, its influences on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function remain controversial. Herein, the sevoflurane-induced hypotension on arterial blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, cognitive function, and hippocampal inflammation was investigated in mice. A significant decrease in arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow was indicated by the sevoflurane anesthesia treatment. Moreover, sevoflurane-induced hypotension was associated with the impaired c...
Source: Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuelian Luo Jiayi Liu Yu Hong Shuling Peng Shiyu Meng Source Type: research
Effect of auditory deprivation on adaptive locomotion: Interaction with lower visual field occlusion
This study aimed to investigate whether auditory deprivation affects adaptive locomotion. In particular, we aimed to elucidate the role of the auditory sense in obstacle avoidance by manipulating the visual field, which provides crucial sensory information for movement control. Sixteen participants approached a 15-cm obstacle located 6m away and stepped over it under four different conditions that combined two factors: the hearing condition controlled by wearing earmuffs with and without holes, and the lower visual field condition controlled by carrying opaque white and transparent boards. Spatiotemporal variables during t...
Source: Brain Research - September 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryota Sakurai Yuka Miura Kentaro Kodama Masahiro Fujimoto Source Type: research
