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Disclosure of HIV-positive status to sexual partner and associated factors among ART users in Mekelle Hospital
Conclusion: An HIV-positive status disclosure to a sexual partner in this study was lower than what was reported in other studies in Ethiopia. The duration of HIV-related care follow-up, knowing partner's HIV status, and prior discussion were the main factors that affected the practice of HIV-positive status disclosure to their sexual partners.Keywords: cross sectional, institution based, systematic sampling, multivariate analysis
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - July 9, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Prevalence of anemia and nutritional status among HIV-positive children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Harar, eastern Ethiopa
Conclusion: There was high prevalence of anemia and growth failure among HIV-infected children in the study area. However, there was a decline after initiation of ART. Therefore, adherence counseling to strengthen the uptake of ART is recommended. Moreover, large-scale, prospective studies should be done to understand the magnitude and etiology of the problems with HIV-negative control groups. Keywords: hemoglobin, underweight, stunting, wasting
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - June 5, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Sexual behaviors and associated factors among antiretroviral treatment attendees in Ethiopia
Conclusion: Generally, a significant number (30%) of the respondents engaged in risky sexual behavior; so health providers should encourage, support, and allow clients to effectively use condoms during their sexual practice. Keywords: sexual behaviors, inconsistent condom use, ART user, HIV prevention, reinfection, alcohol consumption
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - June 3, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Magnitude of HIV and syphilis seroprevalence among pregnant women in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Conclusion: Seroprevalence of HIV and syphilis was high. Low husband educational status was a risk factor for HIV and syphilis. Therefore, substantial efforts have to be made to reinforce prevention strategies and to screen as early as possible to prevent mother-to-child and further horizontal transmission. Keywords: HIV, magnitude, seroprevalence, syphilis
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - June 2, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Do loss to follow-up and death rates from ART care vary across primary health care facilities and hospitals in south Ethiopia? A retrospective follow-up study
Conclusion: We observed a higher death rate and a lower LTFU rate in health centers than in hospitals. Most of the associated variables were also previously documented. Higher LTFU was noticed for patients with a smaller gap between testing and initiation of treatment. Keywords: antiretroviral therapy, primary care, loss to follow-up, death rates, Ethiopia
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 28, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Factors affecting acceptance of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling services among outpatient clients in selected health facilities in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia
Conclusion: There is evidence of the relatively increased acceptability of PITC services by outpatient department clients. A program needs to be strengthened to enhance the use of PITC; the Ministry of Health, Regional Health Bureau, and other responsible bodies – including health facilities – should design and strengthen information education and communication/behavioral change and communication interventions and promote activities related to PITC and HIV counseling and testing in both health facilities and the community at large. Keywords: PITC, outpatient clients, Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 15, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk profiles of patients attending an HIV treatment clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe
Danai Tavonga Zhou,1,2 Vitaris Kodogo,1 Kudzai Fortunate Vongai Chokuona,1 Exnevia Gomo,1 Olav Oektedalen,3 Babill Stray-Pedersen21Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Avondale, Zimbabwe; 2Institute of Clinical Medicine, University in Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NorwayAbstract: The chronic inflammation induced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contributes to increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in HIV-infected individuals. HIV-infected patients generally benefit from ...
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 13, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Magnitude of opportunistic infections and associated factors in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in eastern Ethiopia
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of OIs observed in this study. Baselines CD4 count of <200 cells/mm3, advanced WHO clinical stages, and not using prophylaxis were found to be predictors of OIs. Interventions were aimed at promoting early HIV testing and enrollment of HIV-infected individuals into ART services needed before CD4 count decreased severely. Keywords: AIDS, CD4, prophylaxis, WHO clinical stage
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - May 11, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in northwestern Ethiopia: implication to reduce transmission and multiple infections
Conclusion: Females, patients living in rural areas, uneducated groups, and new ART users were less likely to use condoms consistently. The importance of consistent condom use should be well-addressed in HIV/AIDS patients, to prevent transmission and multiple infections of HIV. Keywords: barrier method against HIV, patients on ART, Ethiopia
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - April 13, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
HIV protease inhibitors: a review of molecular selectivity and toxicity
Zhengtong Lv,* Yuan Chu,* Yong Wang Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China *Both authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is recognized as the most effective treatment method for AIDS, and protease inhibitors play a very important role in HAART. However, poor bioavailability and unbearable toxicity are their common disadvantages. Thus, the development of safer and potentially promising protease inhibitors is eagerly needed. In this review, we introd...
Source: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care - April 8, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care Source Type: research
Clinical utility and patient considerations in the use of ofatumumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Anna Maria Frustaci, Alessandra Tedeschi, Paola Picardi, Roberto Cairoli, Marco MontilloDepartment of Hematology, Niguarda Cancer Center, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy Abstract: Treatment aim for chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been radically changed over the past years from providing only a palliative approach to reaching disease eradication and improving survival. Ofatumumab is a monoclonal humanized antibody with peculiar in vitro and in vivo properties, at present approved for double fludarabine and alemtuzumab refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Its efficacy in this subset of patients, who typic...
Source: Biologics: Targets and Therapy - September 18, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Tags: Biologics: Targets and Therapy Source Type: research
Targeted alpha anticancer therapies: update and future prospects
Barry J Allen,1,2 Chen-Yu Huang,3 Raymond A Clarke2 1Faculty of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Ingham Institute, University of Western Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia; 3Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaAbstract: Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is an emerging option for local and systemic cancer treatment. Preclinical research and clinical trials show that alpha-emitting radionuclides can kill targeted cancer cells while sparing normal cells, thus reducing toxicity. 223RaCl2 (Xofigo®) is the first alpha emitting radioisotope to gain registr...
Source: Biologics: Targets and Therapy - November 9, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Tags: Biologics: Targets and Therapy Source Type: research
Multidisciplinary management for esophageal and gastric cancer
Megan M Boniface,1 Sachin B Wani,2 Tracey E Schefter,3 Phillip J Koo,4 Cheryl Meguid,1 Stephen Leong,5 Jeffrey B Kaplan,6 Lisa J Wingrove,7 Martin D McCarter1 1Section of Surgical Oncology, Division of GI, Tumor and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, 2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Therapeutic and Interventional Endoscopy, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, 4Division of Radiology-Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 5Division of Medical Oncology, 6Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, 7Department of Food and Nutrition Services, University of Colorado Hospital Cance...
Source: Cancer Management and Research - April 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cancer Management and Research Source Type: research
Withholding versus withdrawing treatment: artificial nutrition and hydration as a model
This article explores various cultural perspectives of withholding and withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment utilizing a case involving artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH) to guide ethical discussion.
Recent findings: In the United States, there is a general consensus in the medical, ethical, and legal communities that the withholding and withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment are morally equivalent at the end of life. Despite this consensus, the withdrawal of treatment is still emotionally difficult, particularly with ANH. Recent literature challenges the evidence base that feeding tubes for people with advance...
Source: Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care - August 5, 2016 Category: Palliative Care Tags: ETHICS IN SUPPORTIVE AND PALLIATIVE CARE: Edited by Irene Ying and Sally Bean Source Type: research
Physiological and functional failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure and cancer: a debilitating intersection of sarcopenia, cachexia and breathlessness
Purpose of review: Loss of skeletal muscle mass and cachexia are important manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and have been associated with breathlessness, functional limitation and poor prognosis. A number of other life-limiting illnesses, including cancer and chronic heart failure as well as acute conditions seen in ICU such as sepsis, are characteristically associated with cachexia and sarcopenia. These conditions may have respiratory muscle atrophy of sufficient magnitude to contribute to the development of breathlessness and associated functional limitation. The purpose of this review is to summar...
Source: Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care - August 5, 2016 Category: Palliative Care Tags: RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS: Edited by David C. Currow and Miriam J. Johnson Source Type: research
