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Controversies in Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology
Publication date: November 2017 Source:Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America, Volume 29, Issue 4 Author(s): Kyle S. Ettinger, Jacob G. YetzerTeaser Imaging studies are essential components of tumor diagnosis, staging, assessing tumor response to neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies, and postoperative surveillance on completion of definitive treatment. Treatment of early stage clinically node negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is controversial. Approximately 3% of all head and neck tumors arise within the parotid gland and most often within the superficial lobe, lateral to the facial nerve; about ...
Source: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America - November 14, 2017 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy or primary debulking surgery in FIGO IIIC and IV patients; results from a survey study in the Netherlands
Conclusion The majority of Dutch gynaecologists and medical oncologists adopted NACT-IDS as an alternative treatment approach for advanced stage primary ovarian cancer. About two-thirds of medical oncologists and one-third of gynaecologists prefer NACT-IDS to PDS as first line treatment in this setting. Improving patient selection is considered of paramount importance.
Source: European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology - March 6, 2018 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Anthracycline and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: Early identification and prompt treatment of subclinical cardiotoxicity may improve cardiologic prognosis of these patients and may allow oncologists to avoid withdrawal of chemotherapy. That is why it becomes always more important the creation of multidisciplinary teams where cardiologists and oncologists work together to ensure optimal care to oncologic patients treated with cardiotoxic agents. PMID: 29687878 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - April 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

BRAF and MEK inhibitor therapy eliminates nestin expressing melanoma cells in human tumors.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 29778085 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research - May 19, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Doxie DB, Greenplate AR, Gandelman JS, Diggins KE, Roe CE, Dahlman KB, Sosman JA, Kelley MC, Irish JM Tags: Pigment Cell Melanoma Res Source Type: research

SEOM clinical guideline for treatment of muscle-invasive and metastatic urothelial bladder cancer (2018)
AbstractThe goal of this article is to provide recommendations about the management of muscle-invasive (MIBC) and metastatic bladder cancer. New molecular subtypes of MIBC are associated with specific clinical –pathological characteristics. Radical cystectomy and lymph node dissection are the gold standard for treatment and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a cisplatin-based combination should be recommended in fit patients. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in MIBC remains controversial; its use must be co nsidered in patients with high-risk who are able to tolerate a cisplatin-based regimen, and have not received neoadjuva...
Source: Clinical and Translational Oncology - December 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Tracheal tumors
This article provides the most recent literature and experienced guidance about diagnosis and management of tracheal tumors, including future directions. Recent findings Tracheal tumors are challenging to diagnose given their nonspecific and late-onset symptoms. Critical airway obstruction is the most feared complication. The cornerstone in management of them is surgical resection whenever is possible. Different diagnostic tests (i.e., imaging and bronchoscopy) help in the assessment of resectability. Alternative management including interventional bronchoscopic techniques can be offered to patients who are not suitable...
Source: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine - June 8, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: NEOPLASMS OF THE LUNG WITH IMAGING: Edited by Alan M. Fein and David E. Ost Source Type: research

Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Osteosarcoma: A Historical Perspective.
Authors: Benjamin RS Abstract Osteosarcoma was initially resistant to chemotherapy that worked for Ewing sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma as well as other chemotherapeutic agents available in the 1960s. In the early 1970s, responses of osteosarcoma to adriamycin were reported, and at about the same time, so were responses of osteosarcoma to high-dose methotrexate. These agents were introduced into adjuvant therapy due to the dire prognosis associated with apparently localized osteosarcoma. After initial questions regarding the role of chemotherapy delayed its uniform acceptance, there is now general agreement that chem...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - June 4, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Patient-Reported Bowel Function in Patients With Rectal Cancer Managed by a Watch-and-Wait Strategy After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Case–Control Study
BACKGROUND: A watch-and-wait strategy is a nonoperative alternative to sphincter-preserving surgery for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who achieve a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. There are limited data about bowel function for patients undergoing this organ-preservation approach. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare bowel function in patients with rectal cancer managed with a watch-and-wait approach with bowel function in patients who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery (total mesorectal excision). DESIGN: This was a retrospective case–control study using pa...
Source: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum - June 6, 2020 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Original Contributions: Colorectal Cancer Source Type: research

Adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer: state of the art and future perspectives
Purpose of review The value of adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer is controversial with opinions varying from ‘not be used’ since randomized trials have not shown significant gains to ‘be used as in colon cancer’ as the need is the same and colon and rectal cancers are quite similar. This review will look upon data critically and with open eyes. Recent findings With the exception of one randomized phase II trial (ADORE) revealing a significant gain in disease-free survival using one more effective regimen (mFOLFOX) than bolus 5-fluorouracil leucovorin, no new data have been presented. However, bringing up ...
Source: Current Opinion in Oncology - June 17, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: Edited by Alain Hendlisz and Francesco Sclafani Source Type: research

Germline and Somatic Pharmacogenomics to Refine Rectal Cancer Patients Selection for Neo-Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by radical surgery is the standard of care for patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (LARC). Current selection for nCRT is based on clinical criteria regardless of any molecular marker. Pharmacogenomics may be a useful strategy to personalize and optimize nCRT in LARC. This review aims to summarize the most recent and relevant findings about the role of germline and somatic pharmacogenomics in the prediction of nCRT outcome in patients with LARC, discussing the state of the art of their application in the clinical practice. A systematic literature search of the PubMed da...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 16, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

GATA binding protein 6 ( GATA6 ) is co-amplified with PIK3CA in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma and is linked to neoadjuvant therapy
ConclusionsOur study investigates the relevance ofGATA6 amplification on a large tumor collective, which includes primary resected tumors and the clinically relevant group of neoadjuvant treated EACs. Especially in the pretreated group, we found an accumulation ofGATA6-amplified tumors (12.3%) and a frequent co-amplification ofPIK3CA. Our data suggest an increased resistance to radio-chemotherapy inGATA6-amplified tumors.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology - December 10, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

SEOM clinical guidelines for pancreatic and biliary tract cancer (2020)
AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) and biliary tract cancer (BTC) are both aggressive and highly fatal malignancies. Nowadays we have a profound knowledge about the molecular landscape of these neoplasms and this has allowed new therapeutic options. Surgery is the only potentially curative therapy in both cancers, but disease recurrence is frequent. In PC, adjuvant treatment with mFOLFIRINOX has improved overall survival (OS) and in BTC adjuvant treatment with capecitabine seems to improve OS and relapse-free survival. Concomitant radio-chemotherapy could also be considered following R1 surgery in both neoplasms. Neoadjuvant t...
Source: Clinical and Translational Oncology - March 3, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Androgen receptor expression and outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer
CONCLUSIONS: Our data seem to confirm that the LAR phenotype is associated to lower rates of pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; routine assessment of AR expression in addition to classical biomarkers in patients with TNBC could help to better personalize treatment.PMID:33660830 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202102_25087
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - March 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: A Di Leone S M Fragomeni L Scardina L Ionta A Mul è S Magno D Terribile R Masetti G Franceschini Source Type: research