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Total 2344 results found since Jan 2013.

The anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of Picralima nitida on Shigella dysenteriae type I induced diarrhoea in rats
This study reports the in vitro and in vivo anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of this plant on rats. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the extract against pathogenic strains was evaluated using the disc diffusion assay and broth microdilution method. After oral administration of a suspension of Shigella dysenteriae type I (sd1), diarrheic rats were divided into 5 groups; the control group received the vehicle of the extract and the four others 125, 250, 500 mg/kg of the plant extract and ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg) respectively for 7 days. The frequency of faeces emission as well as the weight of normal a...
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - August 17, 2013 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Laure KouitcheuJoseph TamesseJacques Kouam Source Type: research

A rare cause of persistent fever in pulmonary homograft endocarditis
A patient was admitted for dyspnoea and recurrent fever (39°C) since 3 months. He had a previous history of pulmonary stenosis treated by open-heart commissurotomy in childhood and by pulmonary valve replacement with homograft 12 years ago. Clinical examination found a systolic murmur in the left parasternal area and crepitations at the right base of the lung. Chest X-ray found right lower lobe pneumonia. Transoesophageal echocardiography showed a moderate pulmonary insufficiency and large vegetation (10 mm) located on the anterior valve of pulmonary homograft (figure 1A). All blood cultures were positive for...
Source: Heart Asia - October 10, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Spagnoli, V., Attias, D., Vahanian, A. Tags: Images in cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

Severe Conjunctivitis Due to Multidrug‐Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Adenovirus 53 Coinfection in a Traveler Returning From Thailand
A male traveler returning from Thailand with severe bilateral conjunctivitis was tested for causative pathogens by culture and polymerase chain reaction in late 2010. The culturally grown Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain was resistant against penicillin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. The patient was also found to have an eye infection with the unusual and likely recombinant adenovirus type 53. Besides multidrug‐resistant gonococcal strains the unusual adenovirus strain is found circulating in Asia and both pathogens may be a risk for travelers.
Source: Journal of Travel Medicine - September 1, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Dennis Tappe, Andreas Mueller, Benedikt Weißbrich, Jörg Schubert, Marc Schargus, August Stich Tags: BRIEF COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

Antimicrobial resistance in Shigella spp. causing traveller's diarrhoea (1995–2010): A retrospective analysis
Conclusions: A decrease in the isolation number of Shigella spp. causing TD has been observed. Differential trends in the evolution of the levels of resistance to the tested antibacterial agents have been observed.
Source: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease - July 25, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: M.J. Pons, C. Gomes, S. Martínez-Puchol, L. Ruiz, L. Mensa, J. Vila, J. Gascón, J. Ruiz Tags: Original Research papers Source Type: research

Biodegradation of ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin as single and mixed substrates by Labrys portucalensis F11.
In this study, the biodegradation of the three most worldwide used FQs, namely ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, by the fluoroorganic-degrading strain Labrys portucalensis F11 was assessed. Degradation occurred when the FQs were supplied individually or as mixture in the culture medium, in the presence of an easily degradable carbon source. Consumption of individual FQs was achieved at different extents depending on its initial concentration, ranging from 0.8 to 30 μM. For the lowest concentration, total uptake of each FQ was observed but stoichiometric fluoride release was not achieved. Intermediate compounds w...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 6, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Amorim CL, Moreira IS, Maia AS, Tiritan ME, Castro PM Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Changing patient population in Dhaka Hospital and Matlab Hospital of icddr,b
Abstract The Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance System of icddr,b noted increasing number of patients ≥60 years at urban Dhaka and rural Matlab from 2001 to 2012. Shigella and Vibrio cholerae were more frequently isolated from elderly people than children under 5 years and adults aged 5–59 in both areas. The resistance observed to various drugs of Shigella in Dhaka and Matlab was trimethoprim–sulphamethoxazole (72–63%), ampicillin (43–55%), nalidixic acid (58–61%), mecillinam (12–9%), azithromycin (13–0%), ciprofloxacin (11–13%) and ceftriaxone (11–0%). Vibrio cholerae isolated in Dhaka and Matlab was re...
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 20, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S. K. Das, A. Rahman, M. J. Chisti, S. Ahmed, M. A. Malek, M. A. Salam, P. K. Bardhan, A. S. G. Faruque Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Anthrax of the lower lip
We present a case of anthrax of the lower lip in a 57-year-old man. The infection was characterized by a wide, black eschar, surrounded by vesicles, crusts, and erythematous-edematous halo, with submandibular and laterocervical lymphadenopathy. The oral cavity, oropharynx, and tonsils were normal. Laboratory examinations revealed leukocytosis and increased inflammatory markers. Otolaryngologic, gastrointestinal, lung, and neurologic examinations were negative. The patient was successfully treated with oral ciprofloxacin. Although rare, anthrax should be considered in the differential clinical diagnosis in patients returnin...
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics - October 14, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Stefano Veraldi, Gianluca Nazzaro, Ermira Çuka, Lorenzo Drago Tags: Online Only Articles Source Type: research

Seeking the Mechanism Responsible for the Fluoroquinolone Photomutagenicity: A Pulse Radiolysis, Steady-State and Laser Flash Photolysis Study.
Abstract The mechanism responsible for the remarkable photomutagenicity of fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics remains unknown. For this reason, it was considered worthwhile to study in detail the interactions between DNA and a dihalogenated FQ such as lomefloxacin (LFX, one of the most photomutagenic FQ) and its N-acetyl derivative ALFX. Studies of DNA damage photosensitized by (A)LFX such as formation DNA single-strand breaks (SSB) together with pulse radiolysis, laser flash photolysis and absorption and fluorescence measurements have shown the important effect of the cationic character of the piperazinyl ring on t...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - December 3, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Soldevila S, Consuelo Cuquerella M, Lhiaubet-Vallet V, Edge R, Bosca F Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Osteoradionecrosis Management With Low-Level Laser Therapy Support
Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a side effect of radiotherapy given to treat mouth cancer. The association between decreasing bone repair and local trauma and/or infection facilitates ORNJ and may lead to mandibular fracture, resulting in morbidity. Man, 62, experienced extensive ORNJ with an extraoral active fistula. After bacterial cultivation in a bone fragment, the antibiotic chosen was ciprofloxacin. Treatment consisted of bone debridement, 808-nm low-level laser therapy, and photodynamic therapy with a 660-nm laser in the exposed intraoral bone and fistulous path. After a year, ORNJ was stable and caused no p...
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics - January 21, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: MARIANA COMPAROTTO MINAMISAKO, LILIANE JANETE GRANDO, MARIA INÊS MEURER, YASMIN GUTERRES, THAÍSE CRISTINA GEREMIAS, CARLOS EDUARDO CHRZANOWSKI PEREIRA DE SOUZA, CARLA GIRARDI Tags: Online Only Articles Source Type: research

Rituximab And Osteonecrosis of The Jaws: Case Study
Treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is combined therapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone. The monoclonal antibody rituximab was later added (R-CHOP). Recently, osteonecrosis of the jaws caused by monoclonal antibodies has been observed. Man, 39, positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, had B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. After 6 sessions of R-CHOP therapy, he complained of lesions in the interdental papilla of the jaws. These were initially diagnosed as necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis but reclassified as osteonecrosis based on the observed lack of bleeding and necr...
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics - January 21, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: KAREN L. WEIGERT, JAIRO LEWGOY, DANIEL S. MAZZOLENI, FABÍOLA R. FRANCO, LISANDRA ENRICONI, JOSÉ HENRIQUE SASSO Tags: Online Only Articles Source Type: research

A fish-stunning wound infection with acute cardiac injury
Vibrio vulnificus typically causes septicemia and necrotic wound infection. Among V vulnificus–related complications, acute nonthrombotic myocardial damage has not been reported. The most effective antibiotic treatment of V vulnificus infection includes combination of a third-generation cephalosporin and a tetracycline or its analogue. However, recommendations of a fourth-generation cephalosporin-based regimen for treating the disease are not established. A 67-year-old diabetic man acquired V vulnificus infection via a fish-stunning wound on the right foot. The patients developed septicemia and hemorrhagic bullous necrot...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - October 31, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Khee-Siang Chan, Kuo-Chen Cheng, Mei-Feng Lee, Wen-Liang Yu Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Characterization of photo-transformation products of the antibiotic drug Ciprofloxacin with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in combination with accurate mass determination using an LTQ-Orbitrap.
Abstract The presence of pharmaceuticals, especially antibiotics, in the aquatic environment is of growing concern. Several studies have been carried out on the occurrence and environmental risk of these compounds. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a broad-spectrum anti-microbial second-generation fluoroquinolone, is widely used in human and veterinary medicine. In this work, photo-degradation of CIP in aqueous solution using UV and xenon lamps was studied. The transformation products (TPs), created from CIP, were initially analyzed by an ion trap in the MS, MS/MS and MS(3) modes. These data were used to clarify the structures...
Source: Chemosphere - March 12, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Haddad T, Kümmerer K Tags: Chemosphere Source Type: research

Ciprofloxacin: an uncommon drug reaction to a commonly used drug.
PMID: 24648816 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mendes-Bastos P, Carvalho R, Cunha D, Cardoso J Tags: Korean J Intern Med Source Type: research

Serial contrast enhanced cardiac computed tomography to assess extensive peri-aortic abscess following Bentall procedure
A 47year old Hispanic male presented to the emergency room with persistent fever, weakness and shortness of breath. Past medical history was remarkable for coronary artery bypass, repaired aortic dissection via Bentall procedure with St. Jude mechanical aortic valve replacement surgery done two months prior to presentation. Past medical history is also remarkable for end-stage renal disease with failed renal transplant and now on peritoneal dialysis. Patient was admitted to the medicine ward, a transthoracic echocardiogram (Echo) showed mild decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (40%) and a mechanical aortic v...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - March 28, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anas Alani, Praneeth Kudaravalli, Sirous Darabian, Aseel Al-ani, Omar Al-Juboori, Matthew J. Budoff Tags: Online Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

FDA grants orphan drug status to Bayer's bronchiectasis medicine Ciprofloxacin DPI
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation for Bayer HealthCare's investigational Ciprofloxacin Dry Powder for Inhalation (Ciprofloxacin DPI) to treat patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB).
Source: Pharmaceutical Technology - April 24, 2014 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news