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Total 2344 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in a university hospital in Morocco, North Africa
Conclusion The results of this work report, for the first time in the Marrakech region, the ESBL production pattern with CTX-M being most common among the ESBL-producing urinary E. coli. Moreover, a major finding is the production of multiple ESBL types by some urinary E. coli isolates.
Source: African Journal of Urology - July 11, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research

Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from two paediatric cohort studies in Lima, Peru
Conclusions ETEC from Peruvian children are often resistant to older, inexpensive antibiotics, while remaining susceptible to ciprofloxacin, cephalosporins and furazolidone. Fluoroquinolones and azithromycin remain the drugs of choice for ETEC infections in Peru. However, further development of resistance should be closely monitored.
Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - July 14, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Medina, A. M., Rivera, F. P., Pons, M. J., Riveros, M., Gomes, C., Bernal, M., Meza, R., Maves, R. C., Huicho, L., Chea-Woo, E., Lanata, C. F., Gil, A. I., Ochoa, T. J., Ruiz, J. Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: research

Absence of multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A isolates with intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin
Conclusions Our study adds to the current knowledge of world-wide reports of multidrug resistance in S. Typhi.
Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - July 14, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Misra, R., Prasad, K. N., Amrin, N., Kapoor, P., Singh, S., Ghar, M. Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research

Nosocomial Cholera Outbreak in a Mental Hospital; Challenges and Lessons Learnt from Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital, Uganda.
This article describes actions taken to control the outbreak, challenges, and lessons learnt. We reviewed patient and hospital reports for clinical symptoms and signs, treatment and outcome, patient mental diagnosis, and challenges noted during management of patients and contacts. Out of 114 BNMRH patients on two affected wards, 18 cholera cases and five deaths were documented for an attack rate of 15.8% and a case fatality rate of 28%. Wards and surroundings were intensively disinfected and 96 contacts (psychiatric patients) in the affected wards received chemoprophylaxis with oral ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily until N...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - July 20, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Bwire G, Malimbo M, Kagirita A, Makumbi I, Mintz E, Mengel MA, Orach CG Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Shigellosis in Subjects with Traveler's Diarrhea Versus Domestically Acquired Diarrhea: Implications for Antimicrobial Therapy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Surveillance.
Abstract An increase of sexually transmitted shigellosis is currently being reported in developed countries. In addition, travel-related shigellosis can introduce resistant strains that could be disseminated within this new scenario. Epidemiological features and antimicrobial susceptibility of shigellosis depending on where infection was acquired were investigated. From 2008 to 2013, subjects with shigellosis were studied. Patients were classified according to acquisition of Shigella as traveler's diarrhea (TD) or domestically acquired diarrhea (DAD). Ninety cases of shigellosis were identified: 76 corresponding t...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - July 20, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Toro C, Arroyo A, Sarria A, Iglesias N, Enríquez A, Baquero M, Ladrón de Guevara C Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Factors Associated with Ciprofloxacin Resistant Urinary Tract Infections in Discharged ED Patients
We sought to identify factors associated with E.coli resistance to ciprofloxacin among discharged emergency department (ED) patient visits treated for a urinary traction infection (UTI). We hypothesized that specific historical factors available upon ED presentation would be associated with increased odds of ciprofloxacin resistance in this population.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - July 28, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Lara Kratochwill, Margaret Powers, Molly A. McGraw, Lauren King, John M. O’Neill, Arvind Venkat Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli in Uncomplicated Cystitis in the Emergency Department: Is the Hospital Antibiogram an Effective Treatment Guide?
ConclusionsThe greater susceptibility of E. coli to TMP‐SMX, cefazolin, and ciprofloxacin observed in this population supports the hypothesis that antimicrobial susceptibility rates in uncomplicated cystitis presenting to the ED are greater than those reported in the hospital‐wide antibiogram. This could affect treatment guidelines by confirming that antimicrobials currently recommended for use in uncomplicated cystitis are more effective in this setting than currently reported by the hospital‐wide antibiogram.
Source: Academic Emergency Medicine - August 6, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: S. Christian Smith, Christopher Bazzoli, Irving Chung, Andrew Johnson, Daniel R. Martin Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Structural elucidation of some antimicrobial constituents from the leaf latex of Aloe trigonantha L.C. Leach
Conclusion: The present findings can be used for further research aimed at the development of new antibacterial agents, and may also justify the ethnomedicinal claim of the plant for the treatment of infectious diseases.
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - August 12, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Mekdes MegeressaDaniel BisratAvijit MazumderKaleab Asres Source Type: research

Resistance Patterns of in Women with Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection Do Not Correlate with Emergency Department Antibiogram
Urine cultures are not always performed for female Emergency Department (ED) patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI). Accordingly, hospital, and even ED-specific, antibiograms might be skewed toward elderly patients with many comorbidities and relatively high rates of antimicrobial resistance, and thus do not accurately reflect otherwise healthy women. Our ED antibiogram indicates Escherichia coli resistance rates for ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) of 42%, 26%, and 33%, respectively.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - August 14, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Michelle C. Hines, Tareq Al-Salamah, Emily L. Heil, Haney Mallemat, Michael D. Witting, Jennifer K. Johnson, Michael E. Winters, Bryan D. Hayes Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Factors associated with ciprofloxacin-resistant urinary tract infections in discharged ED patients
We sought to identify factors associated with Escherichia coli resistance to ciprofloxacin among discharged emergency department (ED) patient visits treated for a urinary tract infection (UTI). We hypothesized that specific historical factors available upon ED presentation would be associated with increased odds of ciprofloxacin resistance in this population.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - July 28, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Lara Kratochwill, Margaret Powers, Molly A. McGraw, Lauren King, John M. O'Neill, Arvind Venkat Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of obligate anaerobic bacteria from clinical samples of animal origin.
In this study, the obligate anaerobic bacteria from Costa Rica showed a high degree of resistance to most antimicrobials tested. Nevertheless, in the majority of cases this resistance was not related to the resistance acquired genes usually described in anaerobes. It is important to address and regulate the use of antimicrobials in the agricultural industry and the empirical therapy in anaerobic bacterial infections in veterinary medicine, especially since antibiotics and resistant bacteria can persist in the environment. PMID: 26385434 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Anaerobe - September 15, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mayorga M, Rodríguez-Cavallini E, López-Ureña D, Barquero-Calvo E, Quesada-Gómez C Tags: Anaerobe Source Type: research

Etiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Pathogenic Bacteria in Children Subjected to UTI: A Referral Hospital-Based Study in Northwest of Iran
Abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is 1 of the most common bacterial diseases in children with a considerable resistance to antimicrobials. This 5 years prospective study was carried out to determine the frequency of isolation and antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens among children subjected to urine culture at Tabriz Children Educational-Health Care Center, in the northwest of Iran. Organisms were isolated using standard culture techniques. Frequency of UTI among children examined by urine culture was 3.6%. The isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (71.4%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (9.6%), Enterococ...
Source: Medicine - September 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study (STROBE Compliant) Source Type: research

Clostridium difficile infection in rural Ontario: a retrospective multisite population-based study.
CONCLUSION: The estimated annual incidence of C. difficile infection in our study is similar to urban-based estimates. Almost half of the cases involved outpatients, indicating a need to recognize this illness as a serious outpatient condition. Antibiotic stewardship is an ongoing consideration, as most patients were exposed to antibiotic use before infection. PMID: 26447730 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine - October 10, 2015 Category: Rural Health Authors: Babey K, Kelton S, Milne WK, Muileboom J, Voth B, Kelly L, Brintnell WC, Dickins T, Armitage C Tags: Can J Rural Med Source Type: research

Identification of Genomic Species of Acinetobacter Isolated from Burns of ICU Patients.
CONCLUSION: Of the Acinetobacter baumannii complex members, only A. baumannii species was identified among the isolates obtained from patients with infected burns in an Isfahan hospital over a 9-month period. PMID: 26443247 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine - October 1, 2015 Category: Middle East Health Authors: Shaykh Baygloo N, Bouzari M, Rahimi F, Abedini F, Yadegari S, Soroushnia M, Beigi F Tags: Arch Iran Med Source Type: research

Amodiaquine and Ciprofloxacin Combination in Plasmodiasis Therapy.
Conclusions. Appropriate Amodiaquine and Ciprofloxacin combination will be effective for the treatment of malaria and better than either Amodiaquine or Ciprofloxacin singly at their recommended dosage levels. PMID: 26491456 [PubMed]
Source: Journal of Tropical Medicine - October 23, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: J Trop Med Source Type: research