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Cholera and Diarrhea
CHOLERA and DIARRHEA At this very moment there is an outbreak of cholera in Zimbabwe– not a worldwide pandemic, but a localized epidemic. This is not a trivial point of interest, but a major news event that will not only have a dramatic impact on the population of Zimbabwe but also on the entire world as the aftermath of this epidemic will require international aid. Cholera will most likely kill thousands of people in Zimbabwe, impact tens of thousands of lives, and will continue to be a constant threat around the world and a very real concern for the adventurous and international travelers. What is cholera? Cholera...
Source: Wilderness Medicine Newsletter - January 1, 2009 Category: Rural Health Authors: wildernessmedicinenewsletter Tags: Cholera Diarrhea Source Type: news

Microbiological assessment of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) isolates in Alexandria Main University Hospital
Publication date: Available online 18 September 2014 Source:Alexandria Journal of Medicine Author(s): Nancy Omar , Hala Abd El Raouf , Hadir Okasha , Nermien Nabil Nosocomial spread of B. cepacia complex (Bcc) isolates amongst non-CF patients has been documented, where inadequate laboratory identification and limited treatment options are considered the main obstacles hindering accurate diagnosis and thus proper therapeutic outcome. The present study aimed to detect the isolation percentage of Bcc from patients in Alexandria Medical University Hospital (AMUH) according to site of infection (specimen), throughout a 6month...
Source: Alexandria Journal of Medicine - October 22, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Pathogenicity testing and antimicrobial susceptibility of Helicobacter pullorum isolates from chicken origin
Publication date: June 2014 Source:International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, Volume 2, Issue 1 Author(s): A.K. Hassan , M.A. Shahata , E.M. Refaie , R.S. Ibrahim This work aimed to study the pathogenicity and to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance patterns of Helicobacter pullorum (H. pullorum). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, gentamycin, erythromycin, colistin sulfate and tetracycline was determined for eight different H. pullorum isolates. H. pullorum resulted into 33.3% mortality of infected chickens with signs of diarrhea, stunted ...
Source: International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine - November 4, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Identifying some pathogenic Vibrio/Photobacterium species during mass mortalities of cultured Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from some Egyptian coastal provinces
Publication date: December 2013 Source:International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, Volume 1, Issue 2 Author(s): Mohammed Abdel-Aziz , Alaa Eldin Eissa , Magdy Hanna , Mahmoud Abou Okada Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahemolyticus and Photobacterium damselae subsp damselae were isolated during recurrent episodes of mass mortalities among different stages of Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). The pathogens were recovered from the external/internal lesions of a total of 320 seeds, juvenile and adult fishes from the period of February 2013 through August 2013. Two h...
Source: International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine - November 4, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Community-acquired, hospital-acquired, and healthcare-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
We describe three types of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Case 1. P. aeruginosa was isolated from the blood and sputum of a 29-year-old male non-smoker who developed severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Piperacillin was initially effective, but fever and lobular pneumonia with cavities developed seven days after discharge. Intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam and tobramycin were administered for four weeks, followed by oral ciprofloxacin for two weeks. He finally recovered, but developed recurrent CAP due to P. aeruginosa despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and immunocompetent status. Case 2. P. aeruginosa was ...
Source: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports - October 12, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Prevalence and genotypic relatedness of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary care hospital
Conclusion: Prevalence of MRSA in our hospital was 39.48%. Most of these isolates were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin, whereas high sensitivity was seen to vancomycin followed by gentamicin. CDD and MIC for cefoxitin showed 100% sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV as compared to PCR for mecA gene. In maximum number of isolates PFGE type A pattern was seen suggesting clonal relatedness.
Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine - November 5, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: BA FomdaMA ThokarG BashirA KhanA KourD ZahoorP Ray Source Type: research

Quantification of piperacillin, tazobactam, cefepime, meropenem, ciprofloxacin and linezolid in serum using an isotope dilution UHPLC-MS/MS method with semi-automated sample preparation
Journal Name: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)Issue: Ahead of print
Source: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine - November 18, 2014 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research

Co-Infection of long standing Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and Non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria: A Case Report
We report a 69-years-old Iranian HIV negative male patient, with long-standing pulmonary tuberculosis (eleven years) co-infected with non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria. Despite of initiation of first line anti-tuberculosis therapy after diagnosis the patient poorly respond because of low compliance with anti-TB treatment. After several incomplete treatments the smear was still positive and thus drug susceptibility tests were performed on isolated organism which revealed that the organisms was resistant not only against isoniazid and rifampin but also against Ofloxacin(OFX), Capreomycin(CAP), p-aminosalicylic acid(PAS), ethiona...
Source: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports - December 17, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Co-infection of long-standing extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB) and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria: A case report
We report a 69-years-old Iranian HIV negative male patient, with long-standing pulmonary tuberculosis (eleven years) co-infected with non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Despite of initiation of first line anti-tuberculosis therapy after diagnosis the patient poorly respond because of low compliance with anti-TB treatment. After several incomplete treatments the smear was still positive and thus drug susceptibility tests were performed on isolated organism which revealed that the organisms was resistant not only against isoniazid and rifampin but also against Ofloxacin (OFX), Capreomycin (CAP), p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), ethi...
Source: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports - April 10, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Cotrimoxazole is associated with sudden death in older patients receiving inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system
Commentary on: Fralick M, Macdonald EM, Gomes T, et al. Canadian Drug Safety and Effectiveness Research Network. Co-trimoxazole and sudden death in patients receiving inhibitors of renin-angiotensin system: population based study. BMJ 2014;349:g6196 . Context ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly prescribed to older patients with hypertension, heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may increase serum potassium (K) levels. Cotrimoxazole, a common antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections, may also raise serum K levels, especially in patients also taking other d...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 22, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kheirbek, R. E., Shara, N. Tags: Journalology, Urinary tract infections, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Hypertension, Renal medicine, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Vulvovaginal disorders, Urinary tract infections, Ethics Aetiology/Harm Source Type: research

Antimicrobial activity and synergism of Sami-Hyanglyun-Hwan with ciprofloxacin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Conclusions The present study demonstrates the therapeutic ability of SHHE against MRSA infections.
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - July 11, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Incidence rate of multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary care hospital, North Delhi
Conclusion There is an urgent need to employ strategies that will slow the development of resistance to the current armamentarium.
Source: Apollo Medicine - August 30, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

A trend analysis of antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from several livestock species in Belgium (2011-2014)
Publication date: Available online 3 September 2015 Source:Preventive Veterinary Medicine Author(s): Jean-Baptiste Hanon, Stijn Jaspers, Patrick Butaye, Pierre Wattiau, Estelle Méroc, Marc Aerts, Hein Imberechts, Katie Vermeersch, Yves Van der Stede A temporal trend analysis was performed on antimicrobial resistance data collected over 4 consecutive years (2011-2014) in the official Belgian antimicrobial resistance monitoring programme. Commensal E. coli strains were isolated from faecal samples of four livestock categories (veal calves, young beef cattle, broiler chickens and slaughter pigs) and the trends of ...
Source: Preventive Veterinary Medicine - September 4, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Comparative efficacy of macrolides containing marine actinomycetes formulation versus ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution in controlling Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced conjunctivitis on rabbit model
Publication date: Available online 17 October 2015 Source:International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine Author(s): Femina Wahaab, Kalidass Subramaniam, Morris Jawahar The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and anti-inflammatory activity of marine actinomycetes extract against ocular pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Actinomycetes isolated from Rameswaram coastal region, Tamilnadu, India were initially screened by primary screening and secondary screening against ocular pathogen P. aeruginosa. Followed by anti-conjunctivitis efficacy of actinomycetes ethyl acetate extract ...
Source: International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine - October 18, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Isolation and characterization of an antifungal compound 5-hydroxy-7,4’-dimethoxyflavone from Combretum zeyheri
Conclusion: The compound 5-hydroxy-7,4’-dimethoxyflavone may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of C. zeyheri, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds that can be developed as antifungal phytomedicines.
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - November 14, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Rumbidzai MangoyiJacob MidiwoStanley Mukanganyama Source Type: research